chapter x

. of his “Newe Attractive”; _also_ more

## particularly at B.C. 2637, 1110, 1068, 1033–975, 1000–907;

A.D. 121, 265–419, 1067–1148, 1204–1220, 1207, 1235–1315, 1250, 1265–1321, 1266, 1269, 1270, 1282, 1302, 1327–1377, 1775. _See_ Chambers’ Cyclopædia, Vol. I., _also_ Colina and Diderot’s “Encyclopédie,” II. 374–379.

Compass card--rose of the winds--rose des vents, 63

Compass plant--_silphium lancinatum_--first introduced into Europe, 259–260

Completa Raccolta d’Opuscoli, 253

Composition of water from its constituent gases, Fourcroy at 1801, 354

Comptes Rendus hebdomadaires, de l’Académie des Sciences: Paris. _See_ Chambers, Ephraim, x, 1, 29, 93, 139, 140, 142, 195, 241, 258, 316, 318, 321, 329, 337, 359, 380, 389, 407, 423, 436, 440, 464, 475, 476, 481, 483, 495, 521

Comte, Isidore A. M. F. X. (1798–1857), founder of Positivism, 534. _See_ Lewes, G. H., _also_ Caird, Edward.

Comus. _See_ Le Dru.

Condamine, 165

Condenser of electricity, Cavallo’s, 244; Read’s, 312. _See_ A.D. 1802, 368

Condorcet, Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas Caritat, Marquis de (1734–1794), 190, 264

Conducting power of silk thread and of human hair (_at_ Robison), 311

Configliachi, Pietro (1779–1844), “Giornale di fisica chimica e storia naturale.” _See_ “Biblioteca fisica d’Europa”; “Biblioteca Germanica”; “Biblioteca Italiana,” 248, 363, 406, 423, 424

Confucius, 541, 542, 544

Connaissance des temps, la. _See_ Paris.

Connel, A. (_at_ Nicholson, William, A.D. 1800), 337

Connolly, J. (_at_ A.D. 1817), 441–442

Conringius, Hermannus, “De anquitatibus Academicis dissertationes ...,” 36

Conservation of force (Faraday), 498

Constantine the Great, mentioned at Lactantius, L. C. F., 523

Contact and Chemical theories (Faraday), 490–491

Conti, A. S., on the aurora borealis, 140

Conversations-Lexicon nieuwenhuis wooderbock ...: Leiden. _See_ Konversations.

Cook, Benjamin, of Birmingham, 415

Cook, Captain James (1728–1779), 242, 348, 456

Cooke, Conrad W., 92, 116

Cooke, Sir Thomas William Fothergill (1806–1879), “The electric telegraph, was it invented by Professor Wheatstone?” (Five distinct pamphlets were issued under this title in 1854, 1856, 1857 and 1866), 365, 384, 407, 421, 422, 440, 444

Cooke, Sir Thos., and Hamel, T., “Historical account of the introduction of the galvanic and electro-magnetic telegraph into England ...”: London, 1859.

Cooper, C. C., “Identities of Light and Heat of Caloric and Electricity”: Philadelphia, 1848.

Cooper, Charles Henry (1808–1866), “Athenæ Cantabrigienses,” 91, 95

Cooper, M., “Philosophical enquiry ...”: London, 1746.

Coote, C. M., 560

Copenhagen, Academy (University) of Sciences, 157, 158, 249, 366; “Det Kongelige Norske ...”: Kiobenhaven, 1768–1774; “Det Kongelige Danske ...”: Kiobenhaven, 1801–1818, 1824, 1826; “Nye Samling ... selskabs skrifter ...”: Kiobenhaven, 1784.

Copenhagen, Archives du Nord pour la physique et la médecine, 353

Copenhagen, Polytechnic School, 452

Copenhagen Society, “Acta Reg. Soc. Hafniensis,” 4 Vols.: Hafn. 1812, 115

Copernicus, Nicolaus--Koppernik (1472–1543), Copernican, 88, 90, 94, 95, 96, 102, 507–508, 510, 512, 513, 515, 533. _See_ Wundt, Wilhelm, “Philosophische Studien,” Index, p. 22.

Copley Medal of the Royal Society, London: three to Desaguliers, two each to Faraday and to Canton, 167, 176, 227, 246, 263, 454, 470, 479, 481. Amongst other recipients of the Copley Medal are: Stephen Hales, 1739; Sir John Pringle, 1752; Benjamin Franklin, 1753; John Dollond, 1758; Benjamin Wilson, 1760; Hon. Henry Cavendish, 1766; Count Benjamin Rumford, 1792; Sir David Brewster, 1815; Alexander von Humboldt, 1852, and Lord Rayleigh, 1899.

Corday, Charlotte, mentioned at Robespierre, A.D. 1783, 269

Cordier, Henri, mentioned at Marco Polo, A.D. 1271–1295, 55. _See_ Mandeville.

Cordus, Valerius--Eberwein (1515–1544), 508

Cornelius, Agrippa. _See_ Agrippa.

Cornelius, Gemma. _See_ Gemma.

Cornelius, Tacitus--Caius Publius. _See_ Tacitus.

“Cornhill Magazine,” 208, 227, 330, 413, 481

Corsa, A., “Notizie ... elettro-chimica,” 363

Corsi, Raimondo Maria, mentioned at Ficinus, Marsilio, 515

Cortambert and Gaillard (_at_ Galvani, Luigi, A.D. 1786), 284 (Mém. de la Soc. médicale d’Emul., I. 232).

Cortez--Cortes--Cortesius--Martinus (died _c._ 1580), “Breve compendio de la esfera y de la arte de navigar,” 1546; “Breve compendio de la sphera ...,” 1551; “Arte de navegar,” 1556, 68, 114, 115, 507, 508

Cortez, Fernand, mentioned at Oersted, H. C., 475

Corvisart-Desmarets, Jean Nicolas (1755–1821), “Journal de Médecine,” 325, 326

Cosa, Juan de la (_d._ 1509), mentioned at Columbus, Christopher, 68. _See_ Nouv. Biogr. Gén. XII. 17.

Cosmo de Medici, mentioned at Ficino, Marsilio, 514

Cosmos (_at_ Humboldt, Alex. von).

Cosmos, Le, Cosmos les Mondes. _See_ Moigno, L’Abbé F. N. M., 365

Cosnier, Maloet and Darcet, 229, 385. _See_ Le Dru.

Costa, Fillipe--Felipe--of Mantua, 112

Costa-Saya, Antonio, “Dinamometro magnetico” (Giorn. del Sc. contemporanea): Messina, 1813.

Costæus--Costa--Joannes, of Lodi (_d._ 1603), 115, 508; “De universali stirpium natura,” 1578.

Cotena, mentioned at Brugnatelli, L. V., A.D. 1802, 363

Cotes, Roger (1682–1716), 315

Cotes, T. (_at_ Leurechon, Jean, A.D. 1628), 109

Cotta, Lazaro Agostino, 527

Cotte, Louis (1740–1815), “Traité de météorologie”; “Table of 134 Auroræ observed in the twelve years, 1768–1779,” 140, 207, 271, 308, 320

Cotugno, Domenico (1736–1822), 274, 331

Coulomb, Charles Augustin de (1736–1806), 156, 157, 215, 220, 225, 247, 254, 275–277, 302, 303, 310, 333, 354, 377, 379, 409, 413, 472, 473, 479, 480, 494

Council of Trent, mentioned at Sarpi--Paulus Venetus, A.D. 1632, 110

Coupé, Jean Marie Louis, “Soirées Littéraires,” 539

_Couronne de tasses_, 247, 351, 363

“Courrier du livre,” 32

Court de Gébelin, Antoine (1725–1784), “Monde Primitif ...,” 9 Vols.: Paris, 1781. Phœnicians credited with a knowledge of the compass.

Court Journal, London, mentioned at A.D. 1781, 260

Cousin, Victor, “... History of modern philosophy ...,” 33

Cousinot, “De occultis pharmacorum,” 536

Couvier, George, mentioned at Galvani, Luigi, A.D. 1786, 284–285

Coxe, John Redmond (1773–1864), 435

Cramer, Gabriel, mentioned at Bernoulli, John I, A.D. 1700, 146

Cramer, J. A., mentioned at Dalton, John, A.D. 1793, 308

Cras, Hendrik Constantijn, mentioned at Grotius, Hugo, 517, 518

Crateras, mentioned at Evax-Euace, 513, 514

Crauford and Hunter, mentioned at Marum, M. van, A.D. 1785, 279

Creech, Thomas, translator of Lucretius’ “De rerum natura,” 19, 21, 33

Crell, Lorenz Florenz Friedrich von (1744–1816), 250, 253, 254, 255, 327, 383, 554. _See_ Chemisches archiv.; Chemisches Journal; Chemische annalen; “Die neuesten entdeckungen in der chimie”: Leipzig.

Crescentio, Bartolomeo, mentioned at Raymond Lully, A.D. 1235–1315, 32

Creve, Johann Caspar Ignaz Anton (1769–1853), “Phénomènes du galvanisme” (Beiträge zu Galvanis versuchen ...: Frankfurt und Leipzig, 1793). _See_ Mém. de la Soc. d’Emulation, I. 236; “Biographisch-Literärisches Handwörterbuch,” pp. 497–498, 270, 284, 321, 327, 332, 333, 337, 393, 556

Crichton, A., Recueil Périodique de Litt. Med. Etrangère, 206

Crimotel de Tolloy. _See_ Tolloy.

Crispus, Cesar, 523, 524

Crivelli, Joannis, mentioned at Hell, Maximilian, A.D. 1770, 233

Croissant and Thore, 449

Crollius, Oswaldus, “Basilica chimica ...,” 27

Crompton, Dr., mentioned at Newton, Sir Isaac, A.D. 1675, 134

Cronstedt, Axel Frederick von (1722–1765), “Versuch einer mineralogie ...,” 163, 287

Crookes, Sir William (1832–1919), mentioned at 337–330 B.C., 12

Crosse, Andrew (1784–1855), 178, 201, 248, 320, 434; experiments in voltaic electricity (Phil. Mag., XLVI. 421, 1815).

Crosse, J. de la, “Memoirs for the ingenious,” 145

Cruger, P., Disputatio de motu magnetis (Poggendorff, I. 501): Leipzig, 1615.

Cruikshanks, William (1746–1800), on galvanic electricity (Nicholson’s Journal, IV.), 270, 337

Cruz, Alonzo de Santa. _See_ Santa Cruz.

Cryptographia, by Friderici, 553

Crystal, Professor. _See_ Chrystal.

Ctesias, Ktesias, the Knidian, Greek historian (fl. _c._ 400 B.C.), 9, 10, 196, 541

Ctesibus of Alexandria (fl. _c._ 120, B.C.), 520, 544

Cumming, Prof. James (1777–1861), discoverer of thermo-electric inversion (Phil. Mag., Series 4, Vol. XXVII.); “Manual of electro-dynamics,” 1827; “Researches in thermo-electricity” (Trans. Camb. Phil. Soc., 1827), 472, 473, 475, 477

Cunæus, N., wealthy burgess of Leyden, who, in 1746, independently made the discovery previously announced by Kleist, 173, 174. _See_ Ronald’s Catalogue, p. 120.

Curtet, François Antoine, 285, 341

Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, 259

Curtius, Nicolaus, “Libellus de medicamentis,” 27

Cusa--Cusanus--Nicolas Khrypffs (1401–1464), “Nicolai Cusani de staticis ...,” 1550, 82, 124, 509, 524

Cuthbertson, John, “Eigenschappen van de elektricität”: Amsterdam, 3 Vols. 1769, 1782, 1793; “Practical electricity and galvanism”: London, 1807, 1821, 228, 230–231, 264, 265, 277, 280, 326, 337, 342, 375, 393, 419; “... A new method of increasing the charging capacity of coated electrical jars, discovered by John Wingfield” (Phil. Mag., XXXVI. 259, 1810).

Cuthel and Martin, mentioned at Aldini, G., A.D. 1793, 306

Cutts, Rev. E. L., mentioned at Gilbert, William, A.D. 1600, 91

Cuvier, Frédéric (1773–1838), 344, 378

Cuvier, Georges Leopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert de (1729–1822), a brief history of galvanism, 190, 279, 284, 303, 344, 419, 451, 481, 503, 515. _See_ “Histoire des Sciences Naturelles.”

Cuvier, G. L. C., and Biot, “Sur. l’appareil galvanique”: Paris, 1801.

Cuvillers, Mr. le baron d’Hénin de, mentioned at Mesmer, F. A., 237

Cuyper--Cuypers--C., “Exposé ... des machines électriques ...,” 1778, 387

Cybelè--Kybele--Rhea Cybele or “The great mother of the gods,” 12, 17

Cyclopædia of the Physical Sciences. _See_ Nichols, Professor.

Cyclopædia of the Useful Arts. _See_ Tomlinson, Charles.

Cyclopædic Science. _See_ Pepper, J. H.

Cyrano de Bergerac. _See_ Index of Jal’s Dictionary, p. 1312.

Czynski, mentioned at Copernicus, Nicolaus, 507

D

D’Acosta, José (1539–1600).

Dalance (“D ...”), Joachim, “Traité de l’aiman--l’aimant,” 1687, 1691, 554

Dalembert, Jean Le Rond d’. _See_ Diderot, Denis, _also_ D’Alembert.

Dalibard, Thomas François (1703–1779), 175, 195, 199–201, 320

Dal Negro, Salvatore (1768–1839), “Nuovo metodo ... machine elettriche,” 1799; Mem. Soc. Ital., xi, xxi; Annal. del Reg. Lomb.-Veneto, Vols. II., III., IV., V., VIII.).

Dal Rio Giorn., Ital. Letter del, 1805, 392

Dalton, John (1766–1844), 138, 140, 165, 307, 464. _See_ Royal Medal.

Dampier, William (1652–1715), English navigator, 522

Dana, Dr. J. F. (1793–1827), 452

Dance, Mr. (_at_ Faraday, Michael, A.D. 1821), 497

Dandinus, Hieronymus (_at_ Zahn, F. Joannes, A.D. 1696), 146

Daniell, “Introduction to study of Chem. Phil.,” 491

Danon, P. C. F., “Journal des Savants,” 551

Dante, Alighieri, illustrious Italian poet (1265–1321), author of the “Divina Commedia,” xix, 36, 40, 43, 44, 57, 60, 504, 524

Dantzig--Dantzic, Dantzik, Danzy--_Memoirs_, appeared under the caption of “Versuche und Abhandlungen ... in Danzig,” 1754, 161, 168, 169, 170, 172, 174, 175, 185, 186, 187, 189

Danuye, R. (_at_ Chladni, E. F. F., A.D. 1794), 315

Darcet, “Description d’un électromètre,” 1749, 555

Darcet, Jean, Maloet, etc., 229, 235, 385. _See_ Le Dru.

Darguier and Marcorelle, 308; Marcorelle communicated many papers, relative to the _déclinaison de l’aiguille aimantée_, to the Mém. de Mathem. et de Phys. Vols. II. and IV., and to the Reports of the Toulouse Académie, Mém. de l’Académie Royale des Sciences de Toulouse, 1st Ser. Vol. III. 1788.

Darmester, James, French author (1849–1894), 451

Dartmouth College, 452

Darwin, Dr. Erasmus, of Lichfield (1731–1802), 213

Daubancourt--Daubencourt. _See_ Larcher.

Daval, Peter (_d._ 1763) (_at_ Watson, William, A.D. 1745), 175

David, King, 5

David the Jew (_at_ Alfarabius), 37. _See_ Davies and Davis.

Davies, D., “Early history of the mariner’s compass,” 1

Davies, Myles--Miles (1662–1715), “Athenæ Britannicæ ...,” 1716.

Davies, Thomas Stephens (1795–1851), “Researches on terrestrial magnetism.”

Davis, Daniel, “Manual of Magnetism”; “Medical applications of electricity,” 1846, 1852, 347

Davis, John, for the Hakluyt Society, 562, 563

Davis, Joseph (_at_ A.D. 1805), 389–390

Davis, Sir John Francis, Bart., “The Chinese; a general description of the empire,” 1836, 1844, 2 Vols.; “China during the war,” 1853, 1857, 2 Vols.; “La Chine,” 1837, 2 Vols., 1, 22, 23, 29, 30, 43, 54, 56, 61, 259

Davy, Dr. John (1790–1868), 8, 88, 89, 241, 278, 343, 345, 346, 347

Davy, Edward (1806–1885). _See_ sketch of his career and of his telegraphic inventions in “Electrician,” XII. 196–197, 1884.

Davy, Henry, “Suffolk Collections” (_at_ Blundeville, T., A.D. 1602), 95

Davy, Sir Humphry (1778–1829), 8, 88, 89, 167, 215, 233, 249, 262, 276, 278, 308, 322, 327, 330, 338, 339–347, 350, 356, 364, 369, 372, 373, 380, 381, 386, 389, 390, 392, 393, 394, 395, 416, 419, 423, 425, 426, 440, 443, 454, 456, 466, 472, 476, 478, 482, 496, 497. _See_ Romagnosi, G. D.; Paris, J. A.; Davy, John; Rumford Medal.

Dazebry, Charles, et Bachelet, Th., “Dictionnaire,” for Le Duc d’Aumale.

“De Bow’s Review,” 318, 407

Décade Philosophique, littéraire ...: Paris, 1794–1804. Continued as “La Revue on décade philosophique ...,” and subsequently incorporated with “Le Mercure de France,” 277, 306

Dechales--Deschales--Claude François, 553. _See_ Milliet.

Declination, magnetic, first announced in print by Francisco Falero in 1535, 67–68. _See also_ 65–66, 71

_Declination or variation_, 76

Decomposition of water. _See_ Electric and galvanic decomposition of water.

“Dedication of books,” 60

Deffand, Marie de Vichy Chamcoud, Marquise de (1697–1780), 291

Deflagrator of Robert Hare (_at_ A.D. 1819), 447

Deiman, Johann Rudolph (1743–1808), 245. _See_ Troostwjck.

De La Hire. _See_ La Hire.

De Lambre--Delambre--Jean Baptiste Joseph, Membre de l’lnstitut (1749–1822), “Rapport historique sur le progrès des sciences ...”; “Abrégé de l’astronomie” ... 1813; “Histoire de l’astronomie ancienne ...,” 1817; “Histoire de l’astronomie du moyen-âge ...,” 1819; “Histoire de l’astronomie moderne ...,” 1821; “Histoire de l’astronomie ou 18^e siècle ...,” 1827, 54, 92, 102, 117, 125, 130, 141, 220, 273, 302, 335, 361, 481, 502, 508, 512, 513, 521, 527, 531, 540

Delandine, F. A., et Chaudon, L. M., 192

De Lanis, “Magistinum naturæ et artis,” 1684.

_De Lapide._ Book in which Aristotle is said to have mentioned the employment of the magnet in navigation, 33, 35

De La Rive. _See_ La Rive, A. A. de.

Delaroche (_at_ Wilkinson, C. H., A.D. 1783), 269

Delaunay, C. F. Veau (1751–1814), “Manuel de l’électricité ...”: Paris, 1809, 198, 265, 277, 280, 281, 288, 289, 292, 324, 353, 386, 393, 394, 401, 402, 462

Delaunay, Louis (1740–1805), 8, 288; “Lettre sur la tourmaline,” 1782; “Minéralogie des anciens,” 2 Vols. 1803.

Delaval, Edward Hussey (1729–1814), 220

Deleuze, Joseph Philippe François (1753–1835), 237, 425, 481

Delezenne, M., “Expériences ...,” 406, 417 (Extrait des Mém. de la Soc. R. des Sciences ... de Lille, 1844–1845).

Delisle, Romé de, “Essai de cristallographia”: Paris, 1772, 218

Delisle the younger (_at_ Bion, Nicolas, A.D. 1702), 148

Della Bella, Giovannantonio (1730–1823), 275; according to Lamont (Handbuch; p. 427), Della Bella discovered before Coulomb the law of magnetic attraction and repulsion.

Delle Chiage, “On the organs of the _torpedo_,” 241, 298, 409

De Lor. _See_ Lor.

De Luc, Jean André. _See_ Luc.

_De Magnete._ _See_ Gilbert, Dr. William.

Demeter--Ceres--goddess of the grain, 13

Demetrius, Phalereus (_c._ 345–283 B.C.), 543

Democritus (born _c._ 470–460 B.C.), 19, 511, 543

Denis, Ferdinand, “Bulletin du Bibliographe,” 516

“Denkschriften der Kön. Akad. ... zu München,” 407

Denmark, Royal Society of, 444

Denys, William (_at_ A.D. 1666), 129. _Consult_ “Biog. Univ. de Michaud,” Vol. X. p. 439.

Denza, F. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

_De re metallica_--_de Metallicii_--_de Arte Metallica_, by Agricola, Encelius, Cæsalpinus, Morieni, B. Perez de Vargas, J. Chas. Famiani, 500–501

Derham, W. (1657–1735), 140, 141, 143, 308, 553 (Phil. Trans. for 1728, 1729–1730); Phil. Exp. and Observations for 1726.

Derozières (_at_ Ingen-housz, John, A.D. 1779), 257

Desaguliers, Jean Theophile (1683–1744), 166, 174, 175 (Phil. Trans. for the years 1729, 1738, 1739, 1740, 1741, 1742).

Desbordeaux, sur le moyen d’obtenir un courant constant avec la pile de Wollaston (Comptes Rendus, Vol. XIX. p. 273), 359

Descartes (Cartesius), René du Perron (1596–1650)--Cartesian system, “Principia philosophiæ”: Amstelodami, 1656, 1664, 8, 90, 103, 109, 114, 122, 129, 133, 152, 213, 360, 520. _See_ Wundt “Philosophische Studien,” Index, p. 23.

Deschanel’s article on thermo-dynamics, 346

Des Essarts. _See_ Essarts, _also_ Lemoyne.

Desgenettes, Nicolas René Dufriche, Baron (1762–1837), 303

Deshais, Medical electricity. _See_ Sauvages.

Deslandes, André François Boureau (1690–1757), 204

Desmarets, Nicolas (1725–1815), “Expériences ...”: Paris, 1754, 151

Desmortiers, Lebouvier, “Observations sur le danger du galvanisme ...” (Journ. de Physique, 1801, p. 467); “Examen des principaux systèmes sur la nature du fluide électrique ...”: Paris, 1813, 326, 330

Désormes, C. B., “Expériences ... l’appareil de Volta” (Ann. de Chimie, XXXVII. 1801, p. 284).

Désormes, Charles Bernard, et Hachette, J. N. P., “Mémoire pour servir à l’histoire ... qu’on nomme galvanisme” (Ann. de Chimie, XLIV. 1802); “Doubleurs de l’électricité” (Ann. de Chimie, XLIX. 1804), 249, 290, 363, 375, 376, 388, 419

Desparquets, “L’électricité appliquée au traitemont des malades,” 1862, 386

Despretz, César Mansuète (1791–1863), 337; “Traité de physique,” 1837 (Comptes Rendus, XXIX. 1849).

Desrousseaux, F., “L’électricité dévoilée ...,” 1868; “Sources de l’électricité ...,” 1864.

Desruelles (_at_ Zamboni, Giusippe, A.D. 1812), 420

Dessaignes (_at_ A.D. 1811), 415. On phosphorescence (Phil. Mag., XXXVII. 3, 1811, and XLIV. 313, 1814).

“Destruction of Destruction,” by Averröes, 38

“Destruction of the philosophers,” by Al Gazel, 38

Des Vignes, Pierre (Petri de Vineis), 15

Derwert, Eugenius (_at_ Heraclides of Pontus and Ecphantus), 519

Detienne (Journ. de Phys., 1775; Scelta d’Opuscoli, XXIV. 1776), 249, 402, 556

Deux, M. (_at_ Cusanus, Nicolas K.), 510

Deux-Ponts-Berigny, L. A., “Observations ...”: Paris, 1856.

Deveria, Charles Théodule (1831–1871), “Le fer et l’aimant ...,” 14, 106

Dezeimers, J. E., “Dictionnaire historique de la médecine,” 105

Dia-magnetic conditions of flame and gases (Phil. Mag., Series IV., Vol. 31, pp. 401–421, 1865).

Diamagnetism, 254, 494, 495. _Consult_ the following: “Abhandl. der Königl. Sachsischen Gesellschaft der Wiss.”: Göttingen, 1867; “Abhandl. der Königl. Sachsischen Gesellschaft der Wiss.”: Leipzig, 1852, 1867; Becquerel, Edmond, 495; Brugmans, Anton, 254; Faraday, Michael, 494–495; Plücker, Julius, 495 (Pogg. Annalen, LXXII., LXXIII., LXXV., LXXVI.); Oersted (Oversigt over det Kongl ..., 1847, 1848, 1849); Tyndall, John, 411 (Phil. Mag., 1851, 1856; Lieber’s Catal., 1865).

Diamilla-Muller, “Physique du Globe”: Torino and Firenze, 1870.

Diana temple at Ephesus, one of the world’s seven wonders, 18

Dias (mentioned at Aëtius, Amidenus, A.D. 450), 27

Dibdin, Thomas Frognall, “Bibliotheca Spenceriana,” 539

Diccionario Universale, Madrid, 1881, 527, 25 Vols., Barcelona, 1877–1899, 528

Dickerson, Dr. (mentioned at Volta, Alessandro, A.D. 1775), 246

Dickinson, Dr. E. N. (mentioned at Schilling, P. L., A.D. 1812), 421

Dictionario Enciclopedico Hispano-Americano.

Dictionary of Arts. _See_ Ure.

Dictionary of Biographical Reference. _See_ Phillips, L. B.

Dictionary of Biography. _See_ Thomas, Joseph.

Dictionary of Electro-Magnetism, 454

Dictionary of Engineering, 362

Dictionary of General Biography. _See_ Cates, W. L. R.

Dictionary of National Biography, edited by Sidney Lee and Leslie Stephen, ix, 32, 39, 41, 77, 80, 91, 95, 97, 105, 107, 109, 122, 125, 127, 128, 134, 158, 160, 172, 201, 203, 209, 256, 296, 297, 308, 477, 482, 518, 521, 522, 530, 548

Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, by J. M. Baldwin, 32, 39, 40

Dictionary of Science (“Athenæum,” Dec. 1871). _See_ Rodwell, G. F.

Dictionary of Universal Biography. _See_ Maunder.

Dictionnaire, biographique Suédois, 141

Dictionnaire classique d’histoire. _See_ Grégoire, L.

Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d’histoire. _See_ Jal, Auguste.

Dictionnaire de biographie. _See_ Larousse Grand Dictionnaire Universel; contains a list of writers on the magnet.

Dictionnaire des sciences médicales, 301, 425

Dictionnaire des sciences philosophiques par une société de savants, 40, 511, 537

Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques, 1911 and 1913, 476, 502

Dictionnaire encyclopédique ... de physique. _See_ Brisson, M. J.

Dictionnaire encyclopédique de la France, Le Bas, Philippe, 192

Dictionnaire encyclopédique des sciences _See_ Grégoire, L.

Dictionnaire général de biographie et d’histoire, 389, 476, 479

Dictionnaire historique de la médecine. _See_ Dezeimers, J. E., Eloy, N. F. J.

Dictionnaire historique, le grand. _See_ Moreri, Louis.

Dictionnaire historique-universel. _See_ Chaudon, L. M.

Dictionnaire raisonné. _See_ Diderot, Denis, et D’Alembert, Jean Le Rond d’.

Dictionnaire technique et pratique d’électricité. _See_ Durant, George.

Dictionnaire universel. _See_ Chaudon, L. M.

Dictionnaire universel, by Bertrand, Elie (1712–1790).

Dictionnaire universel des contemporains. _See_ Vapereau, G.: Paris, 1893.

Dictionnarium Britannicum. .... _See_ Bailey, N.

Diderot, Denis (1713–1784), et D’Alembert, Jean Le Rond d’ (1717–1783), editors of “Encyclopédie en Dictionnaire Raisonné ...,” 224

Diego-Alfonso (mentioned at Gama, Vasco de, A.D. 1497), 69

Dieterici--Dietericii--Friedrich, “Die Philosophie der Araber,” 38

Dietrich, P. F. von (mentioned at 600 B.C.), 10

Diez, John (mentioned at Kendall, Abraham), 522

Digby, Sir Kenelme (1603–1665), 7, 83, 90, 121, 160. _See_ Biogr. Britan., Vol. V. pp. 184–199.

Digges, Thomas, “A prognostication ...,” 1592, 551

Dijon, Lyceum, 386

Dinaux, Arthur Martin-Mathurin, 34

Dingler, J. F. _See_ “Polytechnische Journal.”

Diodorus, surnamed Siculus (fl. in time of Augustus). _See_ Posts, 2, 8, 196

Diogenes Laërtius (_c._ beginning of third century A.D.), 15, 519, 524, 530, 532

Diogenes of Apollonia (fifth century B.C.), “Nat. Quæst.,” 14, 503, 512

Diogenes the Cynic (_c._ 412–323 B.C.), 544

Dionysius Areopagitus, first bishop of Athens.

Dionysius--Dyonisius--of Halicarnassus (died _c._ 7 B.C.), 29, 74

Dioscorides, Pedacius, Greek physician, “De medicinali materia ...,” 1543, 11, 17, 20, 21, 26, 27, 508, 526, 538

Dioskuri, 13

Dip and intensity, laws governing, Biot (1803), 376–380; Gay-Lussac (1804), 389

_Dip or inclination_, first announced in print by Norman in 1576, 75–76, 266

Dipping needle, 70, 76, 138, 147, 553 (Encycl. Brit., 8th ed., Vol. XIV. pp. 57, 82–89).

Dircks, Henry, Life of the Marquis of Worcester, 127

Directorium magneticum magneticis, 274

Discharger, universal, of William Henley, 237

Discoveries and experiments made by William Gilbert, 545–546

Dissociation theory (_at_ Grotthus, Theodor, A.D. 1805), 391

Ditton, “Longitude and latitude found ...,” 1710, 553

Divining rod--_virgula divina_--(_at_ Amoretti, Carlo, A.D. 1808), 401

Diwish, Procopius (1696–1765), 209

Dixon, Rev. J. A. (_at_ A.D. 1254), 37; (_at_ Aquinas, St. Thomas), 505

Dobbie, W., 140, 308 (Phil. Mag., LVI. 175, 1820, and LXI. 252, 1823).

Dobelli, F. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Dods, Rev. Marcus, translator of St. Augustine’s “De Civitate Dei,” 25, 26

Dodson, James--Dooson, Jacob. _See_ William Mountaine.

Dodwell, Henry, the elder, 540

Dollond, John (1706–1761), 214. Was awarded Copley Medal in 1758 for the achromatic telescope, although Chester Moor Hall had anticipated--but “not adequately published”--the invention.

Dollond, Peter (1730–1820), 214

Dolomieu, M., 249

Dominicus, Maria Ferrariensis (Novara) (1464–1514), 510

Donadoni, Charles Antoine, Bishop of Sebenico (1675–1756), 186

Donovan, Michael (_b._ 1790), “On the origin, present state and progress of galvanism ...,” 1815, 1816, 347, 393, 418, 428

Doppelmayer, Johann Gabriel (1671–1750), “Neuentdeckte ... der electrischen kraft ...,” 1744

Dormoy (_at_ Ingen-housz, Johan, A.D. 1779), 257

Dorpat Naturwiss. Abhandl., 368

Dorpat parallactic telescope, called _the giant refractor_, 433

Double, F. J. (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N., A.D. 1799), 330

Doublers of electricity (Bennet, Desonnes, Hachette, Read, Ronalds), 290, 336. _Likewise_ the revolving doubler invented by Nicholson, 336

Douglas, Robert (_at_ Cassini, J. J. D., A.D. 1782–1791,) 267

Dove, Heinrich Wilhelm (1803–1879), 71, 292, 296, 321, 354, 380; “Über elektricität”: Berlin, 1848; Poggendorff, Annalen, XIII., XX., XXVIII., XXIX., XXXV., XLIII., XLIV., XLIX., LII., LIV., LVI., LXIV., LXXII., LXXXVII.; “Repertorium der physik,” 7 Vols. 1837–1849, published in conjunction with Meser, Ludwig. _See_ the Repertorium der physik, Vol. V. p. 152, for “Literatur des magnetismus und der elektricität,” 1844.

Downie, Master of H.M.S. “Glory,” 292, 457

Drake, Sir Francis, xiv, 211, 522, 523

Drane, Augusta Th., “Christian schools and scholars,” 34, 37, 40, 42, 504, 525

Drant, Archdeacon Thomas, xix

Drebble, Cornelius (1572–1634), 553; “De natura elementorum ...”: Hamburg, 1621.

Dredge, James (1840–1906), “Electric Illumination”: London, 1882–1885, 225, 347, 433, 481, 499

Dreyer, John Louis Emil, “Tycho Brahé ...,” 92, 93, 541

Drills, magnetism of, Ballard (Phil. Trans. for 1698, p. 417).

Drinkwater, John Elliot, “Life of Galileo,” 116

Drissler, Henry, Classical studies in honour of, 1894, 36, 37, 542

Dropsy, J. (mentioned at Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386

Drummond, Dr. (_at_ Walsh, John, A.D. 1773), 239

Drummond, T., “On meteoric stones” (Phil. Mag., XLVIII. 28, 1816).

Dryden, John (1631–1700), 91

Dublin Quarterly Journal of Science, 6 Vols. 1861–1866.

Dublin, Trinity College, 344

Du Bois-Reymond, Emile H. (_b._ 1818), 335, 413, 420

Du Boulay, César Egasse, “Historia Universitatis Parisiensis,” 1665–1673, 39

Du Boys, Pierre (_at_ Lynschoten, Jan Hugo van), 526

Ducretet, E. (_at_ Mauduyt, A. R., A.D. 1781), 264

Dudley, Sir Robert (1573[-1649), “Dell’ Arcano del Mare di Roberto Dudleio, Duca di Nortumbria e conte di Warwick,” 522, 523

Dudoyon (_at_ Aldini, Giovanni, A.D. 1793), 305

Due, Christian, and Hansteen, Christopher, “Resultate magnetischen ...,” 1863, 445

Dufay--Du Fay--Charles François de Cisternay (1698–1739), “Histoire de l’électricité,” 1733, 1734, 1737; “On Grey’s experiments,” 1737 (Phil. Trans. (abridged) VIII. 393; Phil. Trans. (unabridged) XXXVIII. 1735; Mém. de l’Acad. de Paris for 1733, 1734, 1737; Dantzig, Memoire, I. 226, 1737), 161–162, 181, 196, 218, 224, 263, 356, 419, 472

Du Fresnel (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N., A.D. 1799), 330

Dufresnoy, André Ignace Joseph (1733–1801), 523

Duhalde--Du Halde--Jean Baptiste (1674–1743), “Description de l’empire de la chine,” 1738, 1, 2, 3

Du Hamel, Henri Louis du Monceau (1700–1782), 190, 191, 206, 217; “Façon singulière d’aimanter ...” (Mém. de Paris, 1745, Hist. p. 1, Mém. 181). _See also_ Mém. de Paris, 1750, Hist. p. 1, Mém. 154; 1771, Hist. p. 32; 1772, Mém. p. 44.

Du Hamel, Jean Baptiste (1624–1706), 235, 299; “Philosophia vetus et nova ...,” 4 Vols. (_also_ 6 Vols.), 1678, 1681, 1700; “Hist. Acad. Reg. Paris.”

Duillier. _See_ Fatio--Facio--Faccio--de Duillier, “Lettre à Cassini ...”: Amsterdam, 1686.

Duke of Sussex (_at_ Ampère, A. M., A.D. 1820), 476

Du Lasque, compass needles, 235

Dulong, Pierre Louis (1785–1838), 389, 482

Dumas, Charles Louis (1765–1813), 325; “De magnetismo animali ... Judicium medicum,” 1790

Dumas, Jean Baptiste (1800–1884), 496. _See_ Cates, “Dictionary,” p. 1504; “Rapport ... en faveur de l’auteur des applications les plus utiles de la pile de Volta ...”: Paris, 1864.

Du Moncel, Th. (_b._ 1821), 209, 245, 318, 407, 414, 423, 440, 449, 476, 499; “Exposé des applications de l’électricité ...,” 1853, 1854, 1857, 1862; “Coup d’œil ... des applications ... de l’électricité,” 1855; “Notice historique ... sur le tonnerre et les éclairs ...,” 1857; “Recherches sur l’électricité ...,” 1861 (Comptes Rendus, XXXIV. 1852; XXXVI. 1853; XXXVII. 1853; XXXIX. 1854; Annales télégraphiques, Vol. III. p. 465, 1861, _also_ for May and June, 1863); Du Moncel was editor of the Journal “La Science.”

Dumont, Georges, “Annales d’électricité et de magnetisme”: Paris, 1889–1890.

Duncan, A., “Medical cases ...”: Edinburgh, 1778, 229

Duncker, Professor Max, “History of Antiquity,” 7

Duns Scotus, John, _Doctor Subtilis_ (_c._ 1270–1308), 36, 40, 41. _See_ Joannes ab Incarnatione and Joannes de Colonia.

Du Perron, Anquetil, “Zend Avesta,” 542

Du Petit, Albert, “Secrets merveilleux ...,” 1718, 554

Dupin, André M. J. J., “Bibliothéque des auteurs écclesiastiques,” 525

Dupin, Charles, “Essai historique ...,” 329

Dupotet--Du Potet--de Senneroy, J. Baron, “Manuel ...,” 237

Duprez, François Joseph Ferdinand (_b._ 1807), 195, 196, 292, 319, 416

Dupuis, Charles François (1742–1809), 254, 264

Dupuis. _See_ Puteanus Guilielmus, “De medicamentorum ...,” 1552, 536

Dupuytren, C. (_at_ Galvani, Luigi, A.D. 1786), 285

Duquesne, Jean, “Li livres don Trésor,” xix

Durant, Georges, “Dictionnaire technique et pratique d’électricité”: Paris, 1887–1889, 347

Dureau, A., et Moreau, E. Lemoine, Paris, 1868, “Des poissons électriques....”

Dutens, Louis (1730–1812), “Abrégé chronologique pour servir à l’histoire de la physique”; “Recherches sur l’origine des découvertes ...,” 2 Vols. 1766, 1796, 10

Dutertre, P., “Des aurores et de quelques autres météores”: Le Mans, 1822, 308

Dutour--Du Tour--Etienne François (1711–1784), 170, 183, 214, 273, 426; Discours sur l’aimant (Acad. de Paris, V., Mém. II. p. 49); (Mém. de Mathém. et de Phys. I. 375; II. 246, 516; III. 233, 244); “Recherches sur les différents mouvements de la matière électrique.”

Dutour--Du Tour--Grégoire, on the aurora borealis, 140

Dutrochet, René Joachim Henri (1776--1847), 463; “Nouvelles recherches sur l’endosmose et l’exosmose”: Paris, 1828. _See_ also Burnet, “On the motion of sap in plants. Researches of Dutrochet ...” (Phil. Mag. or Annals, V. 389, 1829).

Duverney, Joseph Guichard (1648–1730), 148

Duvernier (mentioned at A.D. 1785), 282

Dwight, Professor R. H. W., 222

Dwight, S. E. (Phil. Mag. or Annals, III. 74, 1828).

Dyckhoff, “Expériences sur l’activité d’une pile de Volta ...,” 387–388, 420 (Journal de Chimie de Van Mons, No. XI. p. 190).

E

Eames, John, _also_ Eames and Martyn. _See_ Royal Society.

Eandi, Antonio Maria. _See_ Vassalli-Eandi.

Eandi, Giuseppe Antonio Francesco Geronimo (1735–1799), 294

“Earth, a great magnet,” 82 (Gilbert), 92 (Fleming), 92 (Mayer), 145 (De la Hire), 101 (Bacon).

Eastwick (_at_ Cruikshanks, Wm.), 338

Eberhart, Prof., of Halle (_at_ Aurora Borealis), 138

Ebulides of Miletus, Greek philosopher (fl. fourth century B.C.), 543

Ecclesiastical Biography. _See_ Wordsworth, C.

Echard J. _See_ Quétif and Echard.

Ecclesiastical History. _See_ Rohrbacher.

_Echeneis_, or sucking fish, magnetic powers of, 299

Ecole de Médecine: Paris, 351

Ecole Normale: Paris, 353

Ecole Polytechnique: Paris, 195, 338, 351, 354, 375, 376, 462, 471, 477

Edelmann (_at_ Zamboni, G., A.D. 1812), 420

Edelrantz, Chevalier A. N., Swedish savant, 398, 399

Eden, Richarde, 46, 509

Edgeworth, Maria, 316

Edgeworth, Richard Lovell (1744–1817), 316

Edinburgh Encyclopædia, Sir David Brewster, 18 Vols. 1810–1830, 40, 147, 170, 289, 304, 318, 413, 449, 466

Edinburgh Journal of Science. _See_ Philosophical Magazine.

Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal, 393

Edinburgh Philosophical Journal, 255, 290, 347, 359, 414, 420, 429, 440, 444, 446, 459, 460, 465, 477, 480, 482, 498

Edinburgh Review--Magazine, 102, 296, 299, 335, 389, 395, 466, 469, 518

Edinburgh Royal Society--Transactions, Proceedings, etc., 225, 296, 297, 306, 309, 311, 423, 433, 465, 466, 467, 469, 470, 477, 482

Edinburgh University, 61, 227, 296, 396, 428, 466

Edison, Thomas A., xi

Edrisi--Idrisi--Aldrisi, Abou-Abd-ben-Edris al Hamondi (fl. A.D. 1099), the most eminent of Arabian geographers, 59, 61

Edward I, King of England, 32

Edward III, King of England, 15, 58

Eeles--Eales--Major Henry, of Lismore (1700–1781), 211, 318, 319, 418

Effemeridi Chim. Med. di Milano, 1807 (_at_ Brugnatelli, L. V.), 363

Egeling, J., “Disq. phys. de electricitate,” 1759, 555

Egenoff--Egénolphe--Christian (1519–1598), German writer, 508

Egyptians (geometry), 536

Einhoff (Gilbert Ann., XII. p. 230), 326

Eisenlohr, Wilhelm (1799–1872), “Lehrbuch der Physik ...,”: Mannheim, 1836.

Eleatic School, masters of the, 532, 543. _See_ Parmenides.

Electric acid, 362

Electric and chemical forces, identity of (_at_ Oersted, H. C.), 453

Electric and galvanic decomposition of water; methods, various apparatus, etc.: Marum, 1785; Pearson, 1797; Wollaston, 1801; Van Proostwjck, 1789; Wilkinson, 1783; Nicholson and Carlisle, 1807; Gautherot, 1801; Creve, 1783; Brugnatelli, 1802; Trommsdorff, 1801; Corradori in 1804; Pacchiani in 1804; Cuthbertson in 1806; Alemanni in 1807; Rossi and Michelotti in 1811; Fresnel in 1820; Mollet in 1821–1823; Hare in 1839; Grove in 1847; Palmieri in 1844; Callan, N. J., in 1854 (Phil. Mag., Feb. 1854).

Electric and galvanic fluids, identity of, 363

Electric and galvanic fluids, not identical, Humboldt, F. H. Alex. van, “Expériences ...,” 1799.

Electric and magnetic bodies, difference between (Gilbert), 85

Electric and magnetic cures: Aétius _at_ A.D. 450, Wesley, 1759; Molenier, etc., 1768; Mesmer, 1772; Bolten, etc., 1775; Wilkinson, 1783; Adams, 1785; Perkins, 1798; Jadelot, 1799; Humboldt, 1799.

Electric and magnetic fluids: Coulomb, 1785.

Electric and magnetic forces, analogy between, Swinden (_at_ 1784), 272; Ritter (_at_ 1803–1805), 383

Electric and magnetic forces of attraction and repulsion, analogies between. _See_ Huebner, L.

Electric and nervous fluids, identity of, Valli, 302–303

Electric arc, first displayed by Sir Humphry Davy, 341

Electric atmospheres, investigated by Æpinus and Wilcke, 215

Electric fishes. _See_ more especially the following A.D. entries: Scribonius, 50; Cavendish, 1772; Adanson, 1751; Redi, 1678; Hunter, 1773; S’Gravesande, 1774; Bancroft, 1769; Walsh, 1773; Spallanzani, 1780; Wilkinson (Galvani, Berlinghieri, Fontana and others), 1785; Vassalli-Eandi, 1790; Merula, 1791; Ingen-housz, 1779; Shaw (Réaumur, Schilling, Musschenbroek and others), 1791; Ewing, 1795; Humboldt, 1799; Geoffroy St. Hilaire, 1803; Matteucci (Bibl. Univ. de Genève, November 1837), Zantedeschi (Bull. Acad. Brux., VIII. 1841). _See also_ Aristotle, 341 B.C., and consult separate heads, like _gymnotus_, _tetraodon_, _malapterus_, _raia_, _silurus_, _scolopendra_, _trichirus_ _torpedo_, etc.

Electric fluid and caloric, analogy between, 386

Electric fluid composed of three beams (_at_ Bressy, J., A.D. 1797), 323

Electric fluid in medical practice, Lovett, etc., 212–213, 229, 281, 295

Electric fluid, its relation to vegetation, 282

Electric, galvanic and magnetic theories. _See_ Theories.

“Electric Light,” Journal of electric lighting ...: London, 1882–1883.

Electric light, nature and origin of (_at_ A.D. 1803, Biot), 379

Electric lighting, historical retrospect. _See_ Jamin, Jules Célestin (1818–1886) in the “Revue des deux mondes,” Ser. III. Vol. 26, pp. 281–303; “Journal of the Franklin Institute,” Ser. III. Vol. 75, pp. 403–409; Dredge, James, “Electric Illumination.”

Electric machine, its development from the time of von Guericke, 126

Electric photometry, Masson in 1845, 1847, 1850, 1851.

Electric smelting: Marum, M. van, “Beschriving ...” 1785–1787.

Electric spark, influence of form and of substance upon it (_at_ A.D. 1793), 212

Electric telegraph, history of the: Reynaud in 1851; Highton, 1852; Jones, 1852; House, 1853; Michaud, 1853; Bonel, 1857; Briggs and Maverick, 1858; Prescott, 1859; Lambert, 1862; Fahie, 1884.

“Electric telegraph and railway review”: London, 1870.

Electric telegraphs: Morrison, C. M., 1753; Comus, 1762; Lullin, 1766; Bozolus, 1767; Volta, 1775; Le Sage, 1774; Don Gualtier, 1781; Linguet, 1782; Lomond, 1787; Barthélémy, 1788; Reveroni, St. Cyr., 1790; Chappe, 1792; Reusser, 1794; Beckmann, 1794; Salva, 1795; Monge, 1798; Berton, 1798; Alexandre, 1802; Sömmering, 1809; Schweigger, 1811; Schilling, 1812; Sharpe, 1813; Wedgwood, 1814; Coxe, 1816; Ronalds, 1816; Ampère, 1820. For additional and more modern telegraphs, _see_ “Electric telegraph, history of the.”

Electrical accumulator, Ritter _at_ 1803–1805.

Electrical air thermometer, Kinnersley, 221

Electrical and magnetical analogy, denied by Swinden, J. H. van, 272

Electrical and magnetical publications (additional), published up to the year 1800, 552–555

Electrical attraction law, similar to that of gravity (_at_ Robison), 310

Electrical condenser, Cavallo _at_ 1775.

Electrical conductors, pointed form, preference for, 243, 250–252

Electrical decomposition of salts: Murray in 1821, Matteucci in 1830, Brande in 1831.

Electrical distribution and equilibrium, theory of: Jäger (A.D. 1802), 363; Prechtl (A.D. 1810), 407

Electrical doubler, Rev. Abraham Bennet, 1787, 280

“Electrical Engineer,” publication commenced in London, also in New York, during the year 1882.

“Electrical Industries,” publication commenced in Chicago during 1889.

Electrical machines: Ramsden, 1768; Dollond, 1761; Holtz, 1864; Mason, 1771; Priestley (at Hooper), 1774; Heintze, 1777; Ingen-housz, 1779; Nairne, 1782; Sigaud de la Fond, 1785; St. Amand, 1785; Van Marum, 1785; Mann, 1787; Ribright, 1788; Ronalds, 1816; Hare, 1823 and 1827; Ridolfi, 1824; Dakin, 1830; Dal Negro, 1834; Eton, 1841; Fizeau, 1853; Magrini, 1858.

“Electrical Magazine,” publication commenced in London during 1843.

Electrical measures. _See_ Ampère, A. M.

“Electrical News and Telegraphical Reporter:” London, 1875.

Electrical Resistance, absolute limit of. History of the subject by Rowland, Henry Augustus (1848–1901) in Am. Jour. Sc., Ser. III. Vol. 15, pp. 281, 325, 430, 1878.

“Electrical Review:” London, 180, 428

“Electrical Review and Western Electrician:” New York and Chicago, 222, 223

Electrical Society, London, Transactions, Proceedings, etc., 299

Electrical Units. _See_ Nipher, François Eugène.

“Electrical World:” New York, vii, xi, xiv

“Electrician,” publication commenced in London during 1876, 269

Electricians, Lives of the, by Jeans, Wm. T., 1887.

“Electricien, L’,” publication commenced in Paris during 1881.

“Electricité, L’,” publication commenced by Armengaud Jeune during 1876.

Electricities, the two, theories of Dufay, 161, 196; Grey, 161, _also_ 153–155; Franklin, 196; Watson, 196, _also_ 175–177; Wilcke, 215; Æpinus, 217; Symmer, 219; Tossetti, G. B., “Nuova macchina ... della due elettricità ...,” n. d.; Zantedeschi, F., “De la differénce ... des deux électricités” (Comptes Rendus, XXXV. 1852).

Electricity--electricities. Both terms first used by Browne, Sir Thomas (1605–1682), in “Pseudodoxia Epidemica ...,” 1646. The name _electricity_ appears for the second time in Helmont’s “A ternary ...,” 1650.

Electricity absorbed by bodies when reduced to vapour (_at_ Laplace), 461

Electricity, agencies of, 364

Electricity, analogy between ordinary and voltaic, 489

“Electricity and Electrical Engineering:” London, 1890, etc.; Freke, John, 1752; Turner, Robert, 1746; Martin, Benj., 1746.

Electricity and galvanism explained on the mechanical theory of matter and motion (_at_ A.D. 1820), 464

Electricity and galvanism, identity of, 356

Electricity and galvanism, medical efficacy of (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 384, 385

Electricity and light, analogy between, Marianini in 1862.

Electricity and lightning, analogy between. _See_ articles on Franklin and Nollet.

Electricity and magnetism, identity of, affinity, analogy, connection, between them: Cigna, 1759; Æpinus, 1759; Hubner, 1780; Hemmer, 1781; Swinden, 1784; Cavallo, 1787; Wollaston, 1801; Robertson, 1801; Volta, 1802 and 1814; Ritter, 1801; Cumming, 1822.

Electricity and magnetism in medical practice (Thillaye-Platel _at_ A.D. 1803), 384–386

Electricity and nervous fluids, identity of, 302

Electricity and phosphorescence, relation between (_at_ Dessaignes, A.D. 1811), 415

Electricity and thunder, analogy between, Mazeas in 1752.

Electricity, animal, Achard, 1781; Cotugno, 1784; Valli, 1792; Brugnatelli, 1792; Berlinghieri, 1792; Fontana, 1793; Fowler, 1793; Wells, 1795; Rheinhold, etc., 1797; Robison (Fowler), 1793–1797; Coulomb, 1798; Davy, 1800; Lehot, 1801; Hemmer, 1799.

Electricity, atmospheric, 195, 206, 258, 293, 319–321, 416, 428, 429; theories as to its origin (_at_ Ewing, J.), 319; Lullin, 1766; Beccaria, 1775; Gallitzin, 1775; Saussure, 1783; Bertholon, 1786; Read, 1794; De Lor, 1752; Schübler, 1811; Murray, 1814; Adams, “Essay ...,” 1784; Gardini, 1784; Experiments by leading investigators, 319; Biot, 377–378

Electricity, compounds of magnetism and caloric (_at_ Ridolfi), 482

Electricity, condenser of, Cavallo, 244

Electricity destroyed by flame, 170

Electricity developed in flame, 426

Electricity developed in minerals by friction, 287

Electricity distribution upon the surfaces of bodies (Coulomb), 275

Electricity, effects of upon decapitated bodies, 295, 305

Electricity, ever present in the atmosphere, 177

Electricity, fire, heat, light, caloric, phlogiston, identity of (_at_ A.D. 1802), 359

Electricity, first English printed book on the subject, “Origin ... of electricity,” by Robt. Boyle, 1675, 130–132

Electricity, first Latin printed book on the subject, _De Magnete_, by Wm. Gilbert, 82–92

Electricity, first step in the storage of, 348

Electricity, galvanic, in medical practice, 325

Electricity, galvanic, its influence on minerals (Guyton de Morveau), 233; history of, Sue, Pierre aîné, 1802 and 1805, 361; Gregory, George, 1796, 323–324; Heidmann, J. A., 1806, 393. _See also_ Bostock, John; Delaunay, Claude Veau; Donovan, Michael; Guette, J. C.; Izarn, G.; Jones, William; Lusson, F.; Mangin, L’Abbé; Secondat, 131; Trommsdorff, J. B.; Schaub, J.; Wilkinson, C. H.; likewise _at_ A.D. 1812, pp. 418–420, for a sketch of the history of galvanism divided into three periods.

Electricity in amber: Thales (Theophrastus, Solinus, Priscian, Pliny), B.C. 600–580.

Electricity in minerals by friction, Haüy, 1787, 286

Electricity _in vacuo_, Eandi (1790), 294; Nollet (1746), 182

Electricity, its resemblance to thunder and lightning, 152

Electricity, light, heat of caloric; identities of. _See_ Cooper, C. C., 1848.

Electricity, magnetism, galvanism, history of, Mangin in 1752; Priestley in 1767–1794; Sigaud de la Fond in 1781; Du Fay in 1733–1737; Schaub in 1802; Sue in 1802–1805; Delaunay in 1809; Bywater in 1810; Donovan in 1815; La Rive in 1833; Arebla in 1839; Holdat de Lys in 1849–1850; Milani in 1853; Noad, 1855–1857; Becquerel in 1858.

Electricity, mechanical, origin or production of, by Boyle, 131, 132

Electricity, medical, history of, Guitard in 1854; Toutain, 1870; Krunitz-Kirtz, 1787; La Beaume, “Remarks ...,” 1820, 384–386

Electricity, multiplier of, Cavallo in 1755, 244; Hare in 1839, 446–449

Electricity, new theories of (at Eandi), 294

Electricity not evolved by evaporation (_at_ Laplace), 461

Electricity of cascades, 293; Tralles (Schübler, Gustav; Belli, Giuseppe; Becquerel, A. C.; Wilde, F. S.), 1790, 293; Bressy, 1797.

Electricity of flame, Matteucci in 1854.

Electricity of human body, most complete series of experiments known, 285, 329

Electricity of ice, Achard, 1781.

Electricity of metals and minerals, Æpinus, 1759; Delaval, 1760; Guyton de Morveau, 1771; Brugmans, 1778; Bertholon, 1780; Haüy, 1787; Libes, Wollaston and Huyghens, 1801; Ure, 1811.

Electricity of meteors, Bertholon, 1780.

Electricity of plants. _See_ Plant electricity.

Electricity of sifted powders, 290, 431

Electricity of vapours, Canali, Luigi (1759–1841), “Questions ...,” 1795.

Electricity of vegetable bodies, Ingen-housz, etc., 1779; Bertholon, 1780; Saussure, 1784; Morgan, etc., 1785; Read, 1794; Dutrochet, 1820.

Electricity, origin of. _See_ Akin, C. K.

Electricity, _plus_ and _minus_, Franklin, 1752; Nollet (Mém. de Paris, 1753 and 1762); Adams, 1785.

Electricity produced by pressure, 353, 379. _See_ Press electricity.

Electricity, second English book published, 167

Electricity, second Latin printed book on the subject, _Philosophia Magnetica_, by Nicolas Cabæus, 109–110

Electricity, storage of, Gautherot, 1801.

Electricity, theories of. _See_ Theories.

Electricity, voltaic and galvanic, identity of (Volta, Aless., “L’identita del fluids ...”: Pavia, 1814.

Electricity, voltaic, first employed for the transmission of signals, 406

Electricity, voltaic, first suggestion as to its chemical origin, 329

Electrification of plates of air (in same way as plates of glass), 205 (_at_ Canton, 1753), 215; (_at_ Wilcke, 1757), 217; (_at_ Æpinus, 1759).

Electrification of plates of ice (in same way as plates of glass), 221 (_at_ Bergman, 1760–1762).

Electrified air, Cavallo, 278

Electro-balistic chronograph.... Le Boulangé in 1864; Navez in 1859.

Electro-capillary phenomena ... endosmosis and exosmosis ... 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th Memoirs of Becquerel, A. C., in Mém. Acad. des Sc. Institut de France, Vol. XXXVI. 1870.

Electro-chemical decompositions, theory of (_at_ A.D. 1805), 390, 488–489

Electro-chemical exposition of compound bodies, theory of, Davy, 1800; Berzelius, 1802; Grotthus, 1805.

Electro-chemical telegraph, the first, 407

Electro-chemistry, Keir, J., 1791; Faraday, Michael, 1821; Hartmann, E. F., in 1838; Christophle, C., in 1851.

Electro-chronograph, Locke in 1850.

Electro-dynamic qualities of metals. _See_ Thomson, Sir William.

Electro-dynamics, Ampère, 472, 474; Weber, W. E., Leipzig, 1846, 1850, 1852, 1857, 1863–1871.

Electrolytes, decomposition of, Renault in 1867.

Electrolytic dissociation theory, Grotthus in 1805.

Electrolytic separation of metals, Zosimus, 425

Electro-magnetic brake, invented by Achard, 1781, 263

Electro-magnetic multiplier, Schweigger, 413, 414; Poggendorff in 1811.

Electro-magnetic rotations, first produced by Wollaston in 1801, 358, 478, 493

Electro-magnetic telegraph. _See_ Turnbull, L., _also_ Vail, Alfred.

Electro-magnetism, founder of, Oersted, 1820, 452, 472, 474; Romagnesi, 1802; Ampère, 1820; Faraday, 1821.

Electro-magnetism, history of its progress, by Michael Faraday, 483

Electro-magnetismus. This term appears for the first time in Kircher’s “Magnes sive ...,” 1641.

Electro-metallurgy, Grimelli, G., “Elettro-metallurgia ...,” 1844; “Storia scientifica ... elettro-metallurgia ...,” 1844; Watt, A., “Electro-metallurgy practically treated ...”: London, 1860.

Electrometers and Electroscopes of different kinds mentioned by Cuthbertson (_at_ Lane, A.D. 1767), 228; Henley, _quadrant_, also of Priestley, 1767, 1772, 228, 237; Lane, _discharging_, 1767, 228, 282; Cuthbertson, _balance_, 1769, 230; Brook, _quantitative_, 1769, 231; Tralles, _atmospheric_, 1790, 293; Forster, _atmospheric_, 1815, 434; Richman in 1753; Cavallo in 1777; Volta’s condensing electroscope described in his “Del Modo ...,” 1782; Bennet, gold-leaf electroscope, 1787, 289; Singer, 1814, 430; De Luc in 1819; Hare in 1821, 448; Zamboni in 1833, _see_ 420; Perego, Antonio (Comment. Ateneo di Brescia for 1842, p. 77); electroscopes, capillary (Proc. Roy. Soc., Vol. 32, pp. 85–103, 1880). Others are: Cavallo, A.D. 1775; Saussure, 1785; Blanch, 1793; Arnim, 1799; Walker, 1813; Bohnenberger, 1815; Oersted, 1840; Harris, W. S. (hydro-electrometer), 1820, 469; Faraday (Volta-electrometer), 1821, 489; Roussilhe, L., in 1857; Collardeau, 277; Coulomb, 1785, 275; Ronalds, 440, 470; Lord Kelvin. _See_ Bottomley, J. P.

Electro-micrometer of Delaunay, 277

Electro-micrometer of Maréchaux, 395

Electron (amber), 8, 10

Electrophorus, Electrophori of various descriptions, and theories of (_at_ Ingen-housz, A.D. 1779; Volta, 1775; Æpinus, 1759); Robertson, 1801; Wilcke, 1757; Lichtenberg, 1777 (double electrophorus); Kraft, 1909; Jacotot, 1804; Eynard, 1804; Phillips in 1833, 360, 402; Landriani (Ronalds’ Catalogue, p. 285), 249, 274

Electrophorus, perpetual, 386, 387

Electroplating, Brugnatelli, 1802.

Electro-positive and electro-negative substances, generalization of, 369

Electroscopes. _See_ Electrometers and Electroscopes.

Electro-static capacity of glass, Hopkinson, John (Proc. Roy. Soc., Vol. 31, pp. 148–149, 1880).

Electro-statics, founder of, Coulomb, 1785, 473; Volpicelli, P., numerous works thereon, 1852, 1853, 1854, 1855, 1856, 1858–1865.

Electro-therapeutics, technique of, Walther, Ph. F., “Ueber die therapeutische ...,” 1803. _Consult also_ Martens, F. H., “Vollstaendige ...,” 1803; Reinhold, J. C. L., “Geschichte ...,” 1803; and Kratzenstein, C. G., “Physikalische ...,” 1772.

“Elektrotechniker, Der,” publication commenced in Vienna during 1882.

“Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift,” publication commenced in Berlin during 1880.

Elements, invisible transfer at a distance, by Grotthus and by Hisinger and Berzelius, 419

Elephantine island, on the Upper Nile, 12

“Elettricita (L’),” publication commenced by Rodolfo Cappanera in Florence during 1877.

Eleusinian mysteries, 543

Elice, Fernandino (_b._ 1786), “Saggio sull’ Elettricità,” 256, 299

Elien, Claudius Ælianus Sophista (died _c._ A.D. 260), 518

Elizabeth, Queen of England (1533–1603), 80, 91, 211

Ellicott, John (1706–1772), 175, 185, 202

Ellis, George E. (“Memoir of Sir Benj. Thompson”), 371

Ellsworth, H. L. (_at_ Callender, E., 1808), 400

Ellwert, J. K. P. von, Repertorium für Chemie ...: Hannover and Leipzig.

Elmo’s fire. _See_ Saint Elmo’s fire.

Eloy, Nicholas François Joseph, “Dictionnaire historique de la médecine,” 4 Vols., Mons, 1778, 27, 37, 40, 65, 105, 114, 186, 202, 501, 502, 505, 508, 509, 512, 525, 537, 538

Elster, J., and Geitel, H., “Zusammenstellung ... atmosphärische elektricität,” 321

Elvius, Petrus, “Historisk berättelse ...,” 1746, 555.

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 122

Empedocles, native of Sicily (fl. _c._ 460–442 B.C.), 503, 511, 532, 543, 544. _See_ Wundt, “Philosophische Studien,” Index, p. 25.

Emporium of Arts and Sciences, Philadelphia, 19, 78, 149, 231, 302, 322, 436

Encelius--Entzelt--Christoph (_d._ 1583), 501; “De re metallica,” 1551.

Enciso, Martin Fernandez de, “Summa de Geographia,” 68

Encyclopædia Americana, 392, 513

Encyclopædia Britannica (different editions), 5, 10, 11, 17, 27, 29, 34, 38, 39, 42, 43, 55, 65, 71, 72, 75, 94, 96, 97, 102, 103, 105, 113, 121, 122, 127, 132, 134, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 157, 166, 170, 192, 193, 200, 202, 203, 208, 212, 213, 214, 218, 220, 221, 225, 227, 230, 231, 232, 236, 240, 245, 249, 250, 253, 254, 263, 265, 269, 270, 271, 274, 275, 277, 278, 282, 285, 286, 287, 290, 292, 296, 297, 301, 307, 308, 309, 311, 312, 313, 315, 328, 329, 335, 336, 337, 345, 347, 348, 354, 373, 378, 379, 380, 383, 387, 388, 389, 399, 404, 409, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 418, 423, 425, 247, 430, 431, 433, 434, 438, 440, 441, 442, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 451, 454, 457, 458, 462, 464, 465, 466, 468, 469, 470, 471, 476, 478, 479, 480, 483, 489, 492, 497, 498, 511, 514, 521, 522, 526, 532, 533. First edition was published, in 3 Vols., 1768–1771, and the eleventh edition, in 29 Vols., 1910–1911. The Index issued by the Cambridge University Press, 1911, and the Indexes to the Catalogue of the Wheeler Gift, have served as a guide for the Index to this Bibliographical History, which will be found to embrace all names of individuals and of publications likely to prove of service to the general reader. It must be conceded that “the value of any Index depends to a large extent on the fulness of its cross-references,” and it will be seen that our own Index has not only been made upon an unusually extensive scale, but that the new “encyclopædic system of alphabetization” has likewise been closely followed along the lines adopted by the publishers of the Eleventh “Britannica,” wherever found practicable.

Encyclopædia Italiana. _See_ Bocardo.

Encyclopædia Mancuniensis.... _See_ Hodson, F. M.

Encyclopædia Metropolitana, 1, 11, 20, 22, 29, 30, 54, 76, 148, 195, 322, 330, 336, 347, 353, 355, 359, 370, 375, 379, 380, 383, 403, 418, 427, 446, 447, 455, 456, 458, 460, 476, 481

Encyclopædia of Chronology. _See_ Cates, W. L. R.

Encyclopædia of Useful Arts. _See_ Tomlinson, Charles.

Encyclopädie der elekt. Wissenschaften.... _See_ Hartmann, J. F.

Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire Raisonné: Genève, 1772. _See_ Diderot, D., and D’Alembert, J. Le R.

Endosmosis and Exosmosis, Dutrochet, 1820, 463; Porret (_at_ 1816), 440. _For_ Endosmose et Osmose, _consult_ Table analytique des Annales de Ch. et de Phys., Index, pp. 183, 282–283 (Napier, Chem. Soc. Mem. and Proc., Vol. III.). _See_ Electro-capillary phenomena.

Enfield, William (1741–1797), “The history of philosophy,” drawn up from Johann Jacob Brucker’s Historia Critica Philosophiæ, 1742–1767, 5, 17, 37, 43, 115

“Engineer,” The London, 263

“Engineering,” The, London, vii, xiv, 92, 116, 225, 263, 347

“English Cyclopædia,” Charles Knight: London, 1854–1870, 18, 22, 33, 39, 40, 54, 55, 61, 67, 76, 79, 81, 93, 103, 113, 116, 117, 122, 127, 144, 147, 152, 163, 201, 221, 251, 256, 264, 296, 302, 313, 315, 317, 322, 329, 337, 348, 395, 404, 412, 438, 440, 446, 455, 462, 470, 471, 483, 503, 505, 508, 515, 532, 533, 538, 541

“English Mechanic and World of Science,” publication commenced in London during 1865.

English Poets, “Biographica Poetica,” 62

Enneads of Plotinus, 534

Ennemoser, Joseph, “History of Magic,” 13, 14, 17, 18, 26, 65, 75, 106, 502

Ens, Gaspar, “Thaumaturgus Mathematicus,” 125

Entzelt. _See_ Encelius.

Ephémérides Météorologiques, 288, 320

Ephemerides of the Lecture Society, Genoa, 361

Ephemerides. _See_ Effemeridi, Breslau Academy.

Epicharmus, Greek poet (_b._ at Cos, 540 B.C.), 544

Epicurus, Greek philosopher (342–270 B.C.), 14, 544

Epiphanius (_c._ A.D. 315–403), “De Gemmis,” 17

Epitome of Electricity and Magnetism, by Green and Hazard, Philadelphia, 103, 162, 303

Er, M. (_at_ Galvani, A.), “Physiologische Darstellung ...,” 284

Erasmus, Reinholdus (1511–1553), 510, 512

Erastus, Thomas--Thomas Lieber (1524–1583), 513, “Disputationem de medicina.”

Eratosthenes, native of Cyrene (_at_ Hipparchus), 521

Erdmann, Otto Linné, “Journal für praktische chemie”; “Lehrbuch der chemie.” _See_ Scherer, A. N., _also_ Nürnberg, 494

Erdmon, Richter and Lamballe (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 386

Erfurt University--Erfurt, Academia Moguntina Scientiarum, 352

Ergänzungs--Conversations-lexikon, 498

Erigena, Joannes Scotus--“Scotigena” (_d._ A.D. 875). _See_ Monroe, Cyclopædia, Vol. II. pp. 496–497, _also_ “Biogr. Britan.,” Vol. V. pp. 597–600; “Dict. of Nat. Biogr.,” 1897, Vol. LI. p. 115.

Erman, Paul (1764–1851), 248, 249, 285, 352, 384, 395, 414, 419, 426, 431, 476

Ersch, Johann Samuel, and Gruber, Johann Gottfried, “Allgemeine Encyklopædie der Wissenschaften ...”: Leipzig, 1818, etc., 312

Ersch, Johann Samuel, “Handbuch ...”: Amsterdam, 1813, and Leipzig, 1822–1840, 353

Erxleben, Johann Christian Polykarp, “Physikalisch-chemische abhandlungen,” 1776; “Physikalische-Bibliotek,” 250, 258

Eschenbach, Andreas Christian of Nuremberg (1663–1705), 554. _See_ Orpheus.

Eschenmayer, Carl Adolf von (1770–1852), 326

Essarts, Le Moyne des, Nicholas Toussaint, “Siècles Littéraires,” 190

Essay on electricity ... discoveries of James Daevin and C. M. F. Bristol, 1773, 556

Essays in historical chemistry. _See_ Thorpe, T. E.

Etenaud, Alfred, “La télégraphie électrique,” 292

Ether. _See_ Æther.

Etiolle, J. Leroy d’, “Sur l’emploi du galvanisme,” 330

Etiro, Parthenio (_at_ Aquinas, St. Thomas), 505

Etruscan theurgism, founder of. _See_ Tarchon.

Etruscans, the, 8–10

Etten. _See_ Van Etten.

Ettinghausen, Andreas von, and Baumgartner, Andreas, “Zeitschrift für physik und mathematik,” 422

Ettinghausen, Andreas von (1796–1878). _See_ “Zeitschrift für physik und mathematik,” 422

Euclid of Megara, Greek mathematician (fl. third century B.C.), 40, 102, 328, 506, 531, 540, 541, 543

Eudiometer--_eüdio-s_ (clear)--instrument for testing purity of air. The best known eudiometers are those of: Berthollet, Claude Louis (1748–1822), Annales de chimie, XXXIV. 78; Davy, Humphry (1778–1829), Philos. Mag., XXXI. 3, 347; Hope, Professor, at Edinburgh ... Nicholson’s Journ., 8vo., IV. 210; Morveau, L. B. Guyton de (1737–1816), Nicholson’s Journ., 4to., I. 268; Pepys, W. H., Phil. Trans. for 1807 and Phil. Mag., XXIX, 372; Priestley, Jos. (1733–1804), Scelta d’Opuscoli, 12 mo., XXXIV. 65; Volta, Alessandro (1745–1827), Nicholson’s Journ., XXV. 154, and Annali di chimica di Brugnatelli, II. 161, III. 36; (Gay-Lussac), 389. Others, by John Dalton, Mr. Seguin, Andrew Ure (418); Hare, etc., can be found in the “Eléments de Chimie Pratique” of P. J. Macquer. _Consult likewise_ Hegeman in 1829, Hauch in 1793, and Ernst Gottfried Fisher in 1807.

Eudoxus of Cnidus, Asia Minor (fl. _c._ 370 B.C.), 533

Euler, Albert, 214

Euler, Johann Albrecht (1734–1800), 273, 360

Euler, Leonhard (1707–1783), 141, 200, 213–214. _Consult_ Euler, J. A., Frisi, Paul, and Béraud, Laurent, “Dissertationes selectæ ... electricitatis causa et theoria ...”: Petropoli et Lucæ, 1757; _also_ Euler, Bernoulli and Dutour, “Pièces des prix de l’Acad. de Paris,” 1748.

Eunapius, Greek historian (_b._ A.D. 347), “The lives of the Sophists,” 531

Euripides (_c._ 480–406 B.C.), “Fragmenta Euripidiis,” the third of the three celebrated Greek tragedians in point of time, the others being Æschylus and Sophocles, 13, 15, 503

Eustachi--Eustachio--Bartolomeo (_d._ 1574), author of “Tabulæ Anatomicæ,” 514

Eustathius, Archbishop of Thessalonica (_d._ 1198), 29

Evax--Euace--King of the Arabs, 512–513, 525. _See_ “Notes and Queries,” 2nd Ser. VIII. 401.

Evax, name of a black crystal, according to Paracelsus, 64

Evelyn, John, “Diary,” 130, 131

Ewing, John (1732–1802), 299, 319–321

Exner, Franz, “Ueber die Ursache ...”; “Repertorium der Physik,” 321

“Experimental Researches” of Michael Faraday, viii, xiii, 483–499

Eyck, S. S. (_at_ Oersted, H. C.), 455

Eydam, Immanuel (1802–1847), “Die Erscheinungen der Elektrizitaet und des Magnetismus ...”: Weimar, 1843.

Eymerici, Nicolas (1320–1399), 32

Eynard, M. (_at_ Ingen-housz, J.), 249, 257

F

Faber, Father, “Palladium chemicum,” 29

Fabré-Palaprat, Father B. R., 330, 385

Fabricius--Fabrizio--Girolamo (1537–1619), Italian anatomist, successor of Fallopius at Pisa University.

Fabricius, Hildanus, 1641, “Observationum,” 147, 554

Fabricius, Johann Albertus, German scholar (1644–1729), “Bibliotheca latina,” 1697, 39; “Bibliotheca ecclesiastica,” 1718; “Bibliotheca græca,” 1705–1728, 34, 39, 503, 520, 529, 531, 532, 533

Fabricius, Wilhelm von Hilden, “Observations ...,” 147

Fabroni--Fabbroni--Angelo, “Vitæ Italorum doctrina excellentium,” 20 Vols. 1778–1805; “Elogi d’Illustriæ Italiani,” 51, 113, 117, 253

Fabroni--Fabbroni--Giovanni Valentino M. (1752–1822), “Dell’ azione chimica dei metalli ...,” 1801 (Ann. di Chim. di Brugnatelli, XXI. 277), 327, 329–330, 393, 419, 490

Facciolati, Jacopo (_at_ Montanus, Joannes Baptista), 529

Faculté de Médecine. _See_ Paris.

Faculté des Sciences. _See_ Paris.

Fahie, John Joseph, “History of Electric Telegraphy to the year 1837”; “History of Wireless Telegraphy, 1838–1899”; “Emporium of Arts and Sciences,” x, 11, 20, 22, 78, 82, 129, 145, 148, 208, 248, 284, 292, 318, 322, 338, 349, 355, 361, 365, 367, 376, 384, 390, 406, 407, 415, 421, 424, 429, 430, 438, 453, 455, 459, 470, 471, 475, 476, 479

Fahlberg, Samuel (1755–1836), “Beskrifning ofver elektriska alen gymnotus electricus” (Vetensk Acad. Nyr. Handl., 1794, 1801), 230, 299

Fairfax, Edward, “Godefroy de Boulogne,” 58

Fajdiga. _See_ Romich.

Falconer, William, “Observations on the knowledge of the ancients respecting electricity” (Mem. Soc. of Manchester, III. 278), 10, 16, 24

Falconet, Camille (1671–1762), “Dissert. historique et critique,” 16, 21

Falero--Faleiro--Francisco (sixteenth century, _at_ Columbus, Christopher, A.D. 1492), 67. In his Tratado del esphera, 1565, is given the first printed record of magnetic declination.

Falero, Ruy, astronomer, 67

Fallopius, Gabriellus (1523–1562), 27, 82, 514

Faniani, J. Charles, “De arte metallica,” 502

Fant, Charles, “L’Image du Monde ...,” 35

Fantis, Antonius de, of Treviso, “Tabula generalis ...,” 1530, 53

Fantonelli--Fantanelli (_at_ Brugnatelli, L. V., A.D. 1802), 363

Faraday, Michael (1791–1867), vii, ix, xi, xiii, 14, 167, 183, 184, 195, 230, 247, 267, 297, 323, 344, 357, 358, 370, 374, 380, 381, 383, 388, 389, 391, 392, 416, 420, 426, 430, 437, 450, 452, 472, 475, 479, 483–499

Farmer, Moses Gerrish (1820–1893; mentioned at A.D. 1771), 234

Farquharson, Rev. James, 140, 308

Farrar, Frederick William (1831–1903), “The early days of Christianity,” 2 Vols. 1882; “The life of lives,” 1899.

Farrar, John (Mem. Amer. Acad. O. S. 1818), “Elements of electricity and magnetism” (_also_ of electro-magnetism, _likewise_ of electro-dynamics), 1826, 1839, 1842, 238, 292, 324, 348, 376, 379, 389, 411, 415, 420, 458

Farrington, Dr. Oliver C. (mentioned at Chladni, E. F. F., A.D. 1794), 315

Fatio de Duiller, Nicolas, “Lettre ... lumière extraordinaire,” 1686, 141

Faure, G., “Conghietture ... machina elettrica ...,” 1747, 555

Fayol, “Observations sur un effet singulier ...,” 1759, 555

Fazio degli Uberti. _See_ Uberti.

Fearnley, C., and Hansteen, C., 446

Féburier (_at_ Ingen-housz, J., A.D. 1779), 257

Fech, Louis Antoine Lozeran du (_d._ 1755), 167, 183

Fechner, Gustav Theodor (1801–1887), “Repertorium (_also_ Lehrbuch) der experimental physik ...”: Leipzig, 1832; “Handbuch der dynamischen elekt ...”: Leipzig, 1824, 421, 422

Féraut, Raimont, 16

Ferchius (_at_ Duns Scotus).

Ferdinand, King of Sicily, 539

Ferdinand II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1610–1670), 135

Ferguson, Adam (1723–1816), University of Edinburgh, 296

Ferguson, James (1710–1776), 232; “An introduction to electricity,” 1770, 1775, 1778, 1825.

Ferguson, James, and Brewster, Sir David, “Essays ... electricity ...,” 1823, 466

Ferguson, John, “Bibliotheca chemica,” 2 Vols. 1906.

Ferguson, R. M., “Electricity,” 1866, 30

Fernel--Fernelius--Joannes Franciscus (1497–1558), 17, 169, 514

Ferrari. _See_ Resti-Ferrari, _also_ Zamboni, G.

Ferrario (_at_ Brugnatelli, L. V., A.D. 1802), 363

Ferrer, Don Jaime (_d._ first half sixteenth century), _at_ Lully, Raymond, 32. _See_ Mosen, Jayme Ferrer de Blanco.

Ferussac, André Etienne Baron de (1786–1836), 19, 449; “Bulletin des sciences mathématiques,” 16 Vols.; “Bulletin des sciences technologiques,” 19 Vols.

Fessenden, T. G. (_at_ Perkins, B. D., A.D. 1798), 328

Feuillée, L. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Ficino, Marsilio--Marsiglio (1433–1499), 108, 115, 514–515

Fidanza, Giovanni, known as Bonaventura (1221–1274), 38, 39, 42

Figueyredo, Manuel de Andrade de, chorographer (1568–1630), 165

Figuier, Louis Guillaume (_b._ 1819), “Exposition et histoire des principales découvertes scientifiques et modernes,” 3 Vols.: Paris, 1855, 1857; “L’année scientifique et industrielle,” 2 Vols.: Paris, 1859; “L’alchimie et les alchimistes”: Paris, 1860, 32, 42, 126, 226, 280, 304, 306, 307, 364, 367, 371, 380, 388, 389, 400, 403, 407, 432, 443, 449, 455, 491, 506, 520

Fincati, Admiral Luigi, “Il magnete ... e la bussola”: Rome, 1878, 58, 63

Finugius, Hieronimus (_at_ Gilbert, Wm., A.D. 1600), 53

Fire beacons and signals: B.C. 1084, 588, 200; A.D. 232–290.

Firenze, Atti della Reg. Soc. Economica, 330

Firmas. _See_ Hombre-Firmas.

Fischer, Ernest Gottfried (1754–1831), “Beschreibung d. Volta’ schen Eudiometers,” 1807; “Über den Ursprung der Meteorsteine,” 1820.

Fischer, J. C., “Geschichte der physik ...,” 8 Vols.: Göttingen, 1801–1808, 55

Fischer, Joseph, of Beldkirch, 535

Fisher, George, “Magnetical experiments ...” (1794–1873), 467

Fisher, George Thomas (1722–1847), 467

Fisher, Kuno (_at_ Bacon, Sir Francis, A.D. 1620), 103

Fisher, Richard, 565

Fishes, electrical. _See_ Electrical fishes.

Fiske, John (1842–1901), “Discovery of America,” 535

Fitton, William Henry (1780–1861), 359

Flagg, H. C., Observations on the ... torporific eel (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., O. S. II. 170) 1786, 299

Flamsteed, John (1646–1719), the first English Astronomer Royal, 130, 145

Fleming, J. A., xi, 92

Fletcher, Francis (_at_ Kendall, Abraham), 523

Fletcher, L., “An introduction to the study of meteorites,” 1896.

Fletcher, William (_at_ Lactantius, L. C. F.), 524

Fleury, Claude (1640–1723), “Hist. Ecclesiastique,” 39, 525, 541 (the Ecclesiastical History from A.D. 400 to A.D. 456).

Flinders, Matthew (1774–1814), 348, 457

Flint, Robert, “History of the philosophy of history”: Edinburgh, 1893, etc.

Flint, Stamford Rapples, “Mudge Memoirs”: Truro, 1883, 203

Florence--Firenze--Academy, 159, 329

Florence--Firenze. _See_ Accademia del Cimento.

Flores, Don Lazare de, “Art de naviguer,” 165

Flourens, Marie Jean Pierre (_b._ 1794), 389

Fludd, Robert--Robertus de Fluctibus (1574–1637), 65, 245, 554

Foggo (Edinb. Journ. Sc., IV.), 417

Fogliani, Giornal (_at_ Volta, Alessandro, A.D. 1775), 248

Fo-hi, the first great Chinese Emperor, 2

Foissac, Dr. (_at_ Deleuze, J. F. F., A.D. 1813), 425

Folic, Mr. de la (_at_ Swinden, J. H. van, A.D. 1784) (Journ. de Phys., 1774), 274

Folkes, Martin (1690–1754), 175, 181, 183

Fond. _See_ Sigaud de la Fond.

Fonda, “Sopra la maniera ...,” 1770, 253

Fonseca, Ludovicus, “Journal,” 105, 245

Fonseca, Vicente, Archbishop of Goa, 525

Fontaine, Hippolyte, 454

Fontana, Felice (1730–1805), 235, 270, 284, 303–304, 305, 306, 327, 393, 419, 556

Fontana, Gregorio, “Disquisitiones physico-mathematicæ ...,” 1780, 290

Fontancourt, Sygerus de, 45

Fontenelle, Bernard le Bovier--Bouyer--de (1657–1737), 162, 170

Fontenelle, Julia. _See_ Julia-Fontenelle.

Fonvielle, W. de, “Eclairs et Tonnerre,” 199

Foote, A. E. (_at_ Chladni, E. F. F., A.D. 1794), 315

Foppens, John Francis (1689–1761), “Bibliotheca Belgica,” 517

Forbes, James David (_b._ 1809), 288, 454, 461, 477; “History of natural philosophy”; “Review of the progress of mathematical and physical science.”

Forbes, P., “On the application of electro-magnetism as a motive power ...”(Annals of Electricity, V. 239), 1840.

Forchammer and Hauch, 454

Forchammer, G., 370

Ford, Paul L. (_at_ Franklin, Benjamin, A.D. 1752), 199

Forerus, Laurentius (_at_ Zahn, F. J., A.D. 1696), 146

Formaleoni, Vincenzo Antonio, “Saggio ... de Veneziani,” 64

Forskal, P., 299

Forster, B. M. (1764–1829), 406, 434

Forster, Johann Reinhold (1729–1798), “On the aurora borealis,” 166

Forster, L. von, 316, 440

Forster, T., on De Luc’s electric column (Phil. Mag. XXXVII. 424).

Forster’s Bauzeitung, 1848 (_at_ Reusser, A.D. 1794), 316

Fortin (_at_ Dupuis, C. F., A.D. 1778), 254

Fortis, Alberto Giovanni Battista (1740–1803), 351, 352, 401

Fortius, Joachimus, 119, 437

“Fortnightly Review,” London, 124

Fortschrift der Physik, 440

Foscarini, P. A., “Epistola ...,” 1615, 553

Foster, Capt. Henry (_at_ Lorimer, Dr. John, A.D. 1775), 243

Foucault, Jean Bernard Léon (1819–1868), “De la chaleur ... l’aimant ...,” 1855.

Fourcroy, Antoine François de (1755–1809), 236, 247, 302, 333, 349, 352, 354–355, 389, 419

Fourcroy, C. (_at_ Fourcroy, A. F. de, A.D. 1801), 354

Fourier, Baron Jean Baptiste (1768–1830), “Expériences thermo-electriques,” 454, 462

Four lines of no variation, 78, 118

Four magnetic poles or points of convergence, 118

Fournier, Georges (1595–1652), 69

Fouvielle, W. de, “Eclairs et Tonnerres,” 199

Fowler, Dr. Thomas (1736–1801), 102, 103, 229, 322, 332, 393, 419

Fowler, Richard (1765–1863), 306, 310, 327, 331, 332

Fox, Robert Were (_at_ Lorimer, Dr. John, A.D. 1775), 243

Fracastorio, Hieronymo (1483–1553), 72, 299, 515; “De sympathia et antipathia,” 1574.

Frampton, translator of Nicholas Monardus, 27

Francesco, Duke of Urbino, nephew to Julius II, 544

Francis I, Emperor of Austria, 407

Francis I, King of France, 535

Franck, Ad., 512

Francker--Francquer--University, 254, 271

Franklin, Alf., “Hist. de la Bibl. Mazarine,” 108

Franklin, Benjamin (1706–1790) (Phil. Trans., 1751, p. 289; 1752, p. 505; 1758, p. 695; 1755, p. 300; 1765, p. 182; Phil. Mag., 1819, p. 61; Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., III. 1793). _See_ Magnetism, animal; Sparks, Jared; Copley Medal; “Experiments and Observations (_also_ new experiments) on electricity made in Philadelphia”: London, 1751, 1754, 1769, etc., xiv, 9, 133, 161, 176, 186, 187, 193–199, 201, 203, 204, 205, 206, 216, 217, 218, 219, 221, 222, 227, 228, 231, 237, 239, 240, 243, 250, 251, 252, 258, 264, 269, 278, 282, 288, 319, 320, 321, 328, 332, 339, 356, 455, 472. Franklin’s letters were not publicly read before the Royal Society, or printed in their Phil. Trans, contrary to his wishes, 252 To Brother Potamian, the author of this Bibliographical History is much indebted for his Critical Notes to the Catalogue of the Wheeler Gift ...: New York, 1909. Edited by Mr. Wm. D. Weaver. On p. 191, Vol. I. of said Catalogue, an entry is made of the above-named 1751 edition of “Experiments and Observations ...,” with the following note: “These experiments and discoveries, which have given Franklin such fame were the work of four men, Benjamin Franklin, Philip Syng, Thomas Hopkinson and Ebenezer Kinnersley; but, owing to Franklin’s writing of them to England, they were published in his name and have redounded to his credit solely (Ford, P. L., Franklin Bibliography).”

Franklin, B., Lavoisier and others, on animal magnetism: Paris, 1784.

Franklin, Georg, “De electricitate ...”: Oemipont, 1747; “Declaratio phænomenorum ...,” 1747, 555

Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, 81, 199, 368, 370, 384, 406, 407, 423, 436, 449, 454, 455, 476, 498

Franz, Joseph (_at_ Winckler, J. H., A.D. 1733), 162

Fraser, A. C., 511, 515, 520

Frauenhofer, Joseph von (1787–1826), 432, 466

Frazer, Professor (_at_ Brewster, Sir David, A.D. 1820), 466

Frazers--Fraser’s--Magazine (_at_ 600 B.C.), 10

Frederick the Great was King Frederick II (1712–1786), 170

Frederick I, Emperor (1121–1190). _See_ Barbarossa.

Frederick II, King of Germany (1194–1250), 93

Frederick V, Elector Palatine (1596–1632), 127

Frederiko, J. G., “Biographisch Woordenbock,” 518

Freeman, Edward Augustus, “Historic Towns” (Colchester, etc.), 91

Freind, John (_at_ Arnaldus de Villa Nova), 505, 519, 529, 538

Freke, John (1688–1756), 201

Fréméry, N. C. de, “Dissertatio ... de fulmine,” 1790, 556

Frémy, Edmond. _See_ Becquerel, Edmond.

Fresnel, Augustin Jean (1788–1827), 375, 389, 464, 471. _See_ “Fresnel and his followers,” by Moon, Robert; _also_ Athenæum, July 14, 1849.

Freycinet, Claude Louis Desaulses de (1779–1842), 442 (Phil. Mag., LVII. 20, 1831).

Friderici, Johannes Balthazar, 1685, 554

Friedlander’s Experiments, 249

Frigerio, Paolo (_at_ Aquinas, St. Thomas), 505

Friis, F. R., “Tyge Brahé,” 93

Frisch (_at_ Shaw, George, A.D. 1791), 298

Frisi, Paolo (1728–1784), 138, 555

Fritsche, “Untersuch ... der Image du Monde,” 35

Fritz, H., “Das Polarlicht”: Leipzig, 1881, 140

Frobenius--Froben--Forster--(1709–1791), 161

Frobisher, Martin (_at_ A.D. 1754), 211

Frode, Ari Hinn--Ara Hin--or the Wise, first compiled the Landnama-Bok, 28

Fromond, Jean Claude, Italian physicist, 208

Fromondi Libertus (1587–1653), “Meteorologicum,” 1627, 9, 553, 555

Froriep, Ludwig Friedrich von (1779–1847), 429, 494; “Notizen aus d. Gebiet der”; “Natur-und-Heilkunde,” 50 Vols.: Weimar, 1822–1836.

Froriep, L. F. von, und Froriep, R., “Neue Notizen ...,” 40 Vols. 1836–1845.

Froriep, R., “Beobachtung ... magneto-electrischen apparatus”: Weimar, 1843, 386

Frost, Alfred James (1844–1881), Biographical Memoir of Sir Francis Ronalds, 1880.

Froude, Alfred J., 438, 440

Froude, James Anthony, “English seamen of the sixteenth century,” 522

Frulander, Dr., of Berlin, 342

Fuchs, Leonard (_at_ Myrepsus, Nicolaus), 529

Fulco--Fulke, “A goodly gallery ... meteors,” 1571, 1634, 1670, 553

Fuller, Andrew (1754–1815), “Miscellaneous pieces ...,” 5, 523

Fuller, “Miscel.,” iv, cap. 19 (_at_ 1033–975 B.C.), 5

Fuller, Thomas, “History of the worthies of England”; “Church History of Britain,” 39, 91

Fumagelli (_at_ Brugnatelli, L. V., A.D. 1802), 363

Furnaux, Tobias (_at_ Hansteen, C., A.D. 1819), 444

Fusinieri, Ambrogio (1773–1854), 298, 314, 347, 420, 449; “Annali delle scienze del Regno Lombardo-Veneto,” 1831–1845; “Memorie di meteorologia,” 1847.

Fuss, Nicolas von (1775–1826), 253

Fyfe, Dr. (mentioned at Cruikshanks, A.D. 1800), 338

G

Gabler, Matthias (1736–1805), “Theoria magnetis”: Ingoldstadt, 1781, 556

“Gaea-Natur und Leben,” Bd. 1–12, 1865–1876: Cöln und Leipzig, 416

Gahn, Gottlieb (_at_ Berzelius, J. J. F. von, A.D. 1802–1806), 369, 370

Gaillard et Cortambert, 284

Gale, Dr. L. D. (_at_ Franklin, Benjamin, A.D. 1752), 195; _also_ (_at_ Tralles, J. G., A.D. 1790), 293

Gale, T. (_at_ A.D. 1802), 364

Galen, Claudius Galenus, illustrious Roman physician (A.D. 130–201), “De facultatibus”; “De simplici medicina,” 11, 20, 83, 169, 333, 506, 514, 525, 536, 540

Galileo-Galilei (1564–1642), 55, 90, 96, 102, 114, 115–117, 120, 122, 152, 159. _Consult_ Wundt, Wilhelm, “Philosophischen Studien,” at Index, p. 27.

“Galileo of Magnetism,” William Gilbert, 82, 90

Galizi, D. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Galli, Francisco. _See_ Jayme, Juan.

Gallitzin, Prince Dmitry Alexewitsch Fürst. _See_ Golitsuni.

Galois, J. (_at_ “Le Journal des Sçavans”), 550

Galvani, Luigi Aloysio (1737–1798), 202, 220, 223, 249, 269, 270, 283–285, 302, 303, 304, 306, 322, 327, 331, 354, 363, 365, 419, 443

Galvani’s experiments, report on (_at_ Fourcroy, A. F. de, A.D. 1801), 354; _also_ (_at_ Wilkinson, C. H., A.D. 1783), 269 (Comment. Bonon. Scient., VII. 363, 1796; Opusc. Scelti, XV. 113).

Galvani Society of Paris, 304, 330, 348, 350, 392, 394, 419 (Phil. Mag., XV. 281, 1803; XVI. 90, 1803; XXIV. 172 and 183, 1806; XXV. 260, 1806).

Galvanic battery, some forms of. _See_ Sharpless, S. P.

Galvanic conducting cord, sub-aqueous, 420

Galvanic current, its directive influence upon a magnetic needle, 365

Galvanic deflagrator of Prof. Hare, 447

Galvanic electricity, complete history of. _See_ Electricity, galvanic, history of.

Galvanic electricity for treatment of diseases, 325, 330

Galvanic electricity, its influence on minerals (_at_ Morveau, Guyton de, A.D. 1771), 233

Galvanic electricity, new theory of, Parrot, 367; Volta, 367

Galvanic electricity, sketch of a new theory of, by Parrot, G. F. (_at_ A.D. 1802), 367

Galvanic energy and the nervous influence, analogy between, 437

Galvanic fluid, different hypotheses (_at_ Reinhold, J. C. L., A.D. 1797–1798), 326–328

Galvanic irritation and incitability, relation between, 331

Galvanic pile of Dr. Baronio, composed exclusively of vegetable substances, 393–394 (Phil. Mag., XXIII, 283, 1806).

Galvanism and frictional electricity, identity of (A.D. 1801, Wollaston), 356

Galvanism and magnetism, identity of (A.D. 1817), 442

Galvanism applied to medicine, Wilkinson, 1783, 269, 325, 330; Vassalli-Eandi, 295; Humboldt, 333

Galvanism, different hypotheses on, 327

Galvanism employed by Aldini and others to bring back life, 304–306

Galvanism, _exciters_ and _conductors_ of, 331

Galvanism, history of. _See_ Electricity, galvanic, history of.

Galvanism, its effect on plants, 257

Galvanism, medical application of, 269, 330

Galvanism, theories of. _See_ Theories, _also_ Galvanic electricity.

Galvano-magnetic indicator. _See_ Electro-magnetic multiplier.

Galvanometer: Schweigger, _also_ Poggendorff _at_ A.D. 1811, pp. 413, 414; Ampère, 1820, pp. 473, 475; Marianini, 1827, pp. 373, 475; Pick, H., 1855 (Jahresbericht ... des Schuljahres, 1854–1855); Varley, 1863.

Gallucci, G. P., “Ratio fabric andi ... magnetica acu,” 1596, 553 (“Modus fabric andi ... cum acu magnetica”: Vinet, 1596).

Gama, D. Maria T. de, 69

Gama, Vasco da (_c._ 1460–1525), 68–69, 522, 523

Gamble, Rev. J., chaplain of the Duke of York (_d._ 1811), 322

Gandolfi, B., Lettera al Sig. D. Morichini ... macchina elettriche (Antologia Romana, 1797), 423

Garbio, P., “Annali di Serviti,” 110, 111

Garcia ab Horto--Don Garzia dall’ Horto--Garcia du Jardin (1734–1787), “Historia dei simplici aromati,” 1st edition, Goa, 1563; “Dell’ Historia dei simplici aromati ...”: Venezia, 1616, 514–515

Gardane, Joseph Jacques (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 385

Garden, Alexander (_at_ Bancroft, E. N., A.D. 1769), 230, 299

Garden, A., and Williamson, H., 230, 299

Gardiner--Gardner--“Observations on the animal œconomy,” 306, 326

Gardini, Giuseppe Francesco (1740–1816), 178, 258, 326, 362, 385

Garn, J. A., “De Torpedine”: Witteb., 1778, 298

Garnet, John (_at_ A.D. 1795), 322

Garrat, A. C. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386

Garthshorne, Dr. (_at_ Davy, Humphry, A.D. 1801), 342

Garzoni, Barthélemi (brother of Leonardo Thomas), 110

Garzoni, Father Leonardo Thomas (1549–1589), some of his works were published by Barthélemi Garzoni, 110, 112, 113

Gasc, J. P., “Mémoire sur l’influence,” 257

Gassendi, Pierre (1592–1655), 7, 77, 90, 93, 107, 113, 114–115, 130, 132, 138, 508

Gasser, Achilles P., “Epistola Petri Peregrini ... de magnete,” 1558, 45

Gassiot, John Peter (1797–1877), 420

Gassner (_at_ Zamboni, Giuseppe, A.D. 1812), 420

Gaubil, Le Père, records the early use of the compass, 21

Gaudentius, Merula. _See_ Merula Gaudentius.

Gaugain, J. M. (Annales de Chimie, 1854, XLI. 66), 191

Gauricus, Lucas (1476–1558), 108, 516

Gauss, Johann Karl Friedrich (1777–1855), 82, 317, 318, 345, 422, 445; “Intensitas vis magneticæ ...,” 1832.

Gauss, J. K. F., and Weber, W. E., “Resultate aus den Beobachtungen des Magnetischen Vereins ...”: Leipzig und Göttingen, 1837–1840.

Gautherot, Nicholas (1753–1803), 348–350, 380

Gauthey--Gauthier--Gualtier--Don (_at_ A.D. 1781–1783), 264

Gauthier d’Espinois, 33 (_at_ Vincent de Beauvais, A.D. 1250).

Gauthier, J. Louis, “Dissertatio ...,” 1793, 306

Gautier de Metz, 35; “L’Image du Monde,” Nouv. Biog. Gén., Vol. XIX. p. 718.

Gavarret, T. (_at_ Galvani, Luigi, A.D. 1786), 284

Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis (1778–1850). _See_ Paris, “Annales de Chimie et de Physique,” 157, 195, 249, 294, 321, 334, 338, 340, 344, 347, 377, 388–389, 419, 477, 481, 487. _Consult_ Ronalds’ Catalogue, pp. 196 and 406, for Gay-Lussac’s work in conjunction with Biot, Humboldt, Poisson, Pouillet, Thénard and others.

Gazetta di Roveredo, 367

Gazetta di Trento, 365

“Gazette of Salem,” 233, 235

Geber (_at_ Tarsüsi, fl. eighth century A.D.), 515, 517

Gehlen, Adolph Ferdinand von, “Journal für die chemie und physik”; “Journal der chemie,” 9 Vols., 1803–1806 (Schweigger’s Journ., VI. 1812; XII. 1814; XX. 1817), 363, 367, 370, 380, 383, 391, 394, 400, 407, 408, 412, 414, 452. _See_ Scherer, _also_ Schweigger.

Gehler, Johann Samuel Traugott (1751–1795), “Physikalisches Wörterbuch”: Leipzig, 17, 195, 248, 421, 483

Geiger, P. L. (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N., A.D. 1799), 330

Geitel, H. _See_ Elster.

Gellert, C. E. (_at_ Swinden, J. H. van, A.D. 1784), 273

Gellibrand, Henry (1597–1636), 95, 107, 112, 117, 120, 156, 266; “A discourse mathematical on the variation of the magnetic needle ...,” 1635. _Consult_ “Dict. Nat. Biogr.,” XXI. 117; “Nouv. Biogr. Gén.,” XIX. 837; “Biogr. Univ.,” XVI. 128. John Pell made a “Letter of remarks” on the above, London, 1635.

Gemma, D. Cornelius (1535–1577), “De natura divinis ...,” 14, 17, 299, 517

Gemma Trisius--Rainer (1508–1555), 517

General Biographical Dictionary, by Alexander Chalmers, 54, 95, 106, 120, 122, 129, 167, 186, 189, 265, 311, 514, 520, 522, 523

General Biographical Dictionary, by H. J. Rose. _See_ New General Biographical Dictionary.

General Biographical Dictionary, by John Gorton: London, 1833, 92, 95, 131, 265

General Biography. _See_ Aikin.

Genève, Archives de l’électricité, 5 Vols. 1841–1845.

Genève, Archives des sciences physiques, 36 Vols. 1846–1857.

Genève, Bibliothèque Britannique, 144 Vols. 1796–1815, 482.

Genève, Bibliothèque Universelle, 57 Vols. 1858–1876, 140, 482

Genève, Catalogue of manuscripts in the Geneva Library, 1834, 54

Genève, Revue Suisse, 7 Vols. 1838–1844.

Genève, Société de Physique, Mémoires, 1821, 140

Genève, Université, 270

Genoa, Academy of Sciences, 147

“Gentleman’s Magazine,” 10, 202, 205, 206, 296, 298, 324, 401, 434, 456

Geoffroy, Etienne Louis (1725–1810), 297

Geoffroy, Saint Hilaire Etienne (1772–1844), 298, 300, 373–375, 409, 481

Geoffroy, Saint Hilaire Isidore (son of Etienne) (_b._ 1805), “Histoire Naturelle ...,” 299, 374, 375

“Geographia distincta ...” of Livio Sanuto, 65

Geographical Journal, 32, 60, 62, 67, 521, 535

Géographie du moyen-àge, Joachim Lelewell, 62

Géographie Universelle. _See_ Malte-Brun, V. A.

Geometrical Analysis. _See_ Leslie, Sir John.

George III, King of England, 231, 251

Gerbert, Pope Sylvester II, his magnetic clock mentioned by Simon Maiolus.

Gerbi, “Corso di Fisica,” 5 Vols.: Pisa, 1823–1825. _See_ Zamboni, G.

Gerboin, Antoine Claude (1758–1827), 351–352

Gerdil, Le Père Hyacinthe Sigismond, professor in the Turin University (1718–1802), 209

Gerhard, C. A. (_at_ Molenier, J.), 229, and (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, A.), 385

Germain (_at_ Zamboni, G., A.D. 1812), 420

Gersdorf, Ephraim Gotthelf, 523

Gerspach, Edouard (_at_ Alexandre, Jean, A.D. 1802), 361

Geschichte der mathematik. _See_ Kästner, Abraham G.

“Geschichte der physik ...,” by J. C. Fisher: Göttingen, 1801–1808, 8 Vols., _also by_ Poggendorff.

Gessner--Gesner--Conrad (1516–1565), 270, 502

Gessner, J. Matthias, “De electro veterum,” 8

Geuns, Etienne Jean van (1767–1795), 276

Gherardi, Silvestro (_at_ Sarpi, P., A.D. 1632), 113, and (_at_ Galvani, Luigi, A.D. 1786), 284 (Ext. Nov. Act. Acad. Istit. Bonon, II. and III. 1840).

Ghirlanda, “Intorno ... del galvanismo ...” (Treviso Athenæum, V. p. 5, for 1835).

Ghisi, L. A., “Descrizione di due nuovi telegrafi elettrici ...”: Milano, 1850.

Giamone, Pietro (1676–1748), 539

_Giant refractor_, the. _See_ Dorpat.

Gibbes, Sir George Smith (1771–1851), 270, 364

Gibbon, Edward (1737–1794), English historian, author of “The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire,” edited by Henry Hart Milman (1791–1868), 525, 533, 542

Gibbs, Colonel George (_at_ Morichini, D. P., A.D. 1812–1813), 423

Gilbert Club, London, 92, 113

Gilbert, Davies Giddy (1767–1839), 339, 497

Gilbert, L. W., “Annalen der Physik,” 195, 201, 211, 231, 248, 249, 253, 257, 277, 280, 284, 285, 293, 299, 300, 306, 320, 326, 327, 330, 333, 337, 355, 363, 364, 367, 368, 370, 374, 376, 380, 383, 384, 388, 391, 393, 394, 395, 406, 407, 408, 416, 420, 434, 443, 450, 455, 462, 473, 483

Gilbert, Dr. William (1544–1603), “De magnete magnetisque corporibus et de magno magnete tellure; Physiologia nova, plurimis et argumentis et experimentis demonstrata,” 1st edition, Londini, 1600; 2nd edition, Sedini, 1628; 3rd edition, Sedini, 1633; “De mundo nostro sub lunario Philosophia nova ...”: Amsterdam, 1651, vii, xi, xiv, xvii, xix, 11, 17, 37, 40, 42, 47, 48, 53, 63, 65, 69, 71, 76, 79, 80, 82–92, 94, 97, 99, 100, 101, 104, 105, 107, 108, 110, 111, 112, 113–116, 118, 120, 121, 123, 124, 141, 146, 159, 160, 211, 277, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 522, 523, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 545–546

Gilbert, Dr. William, accounts of early writers, navigators and others named in “De Magnete ...,” 501–542

Gilbert, Dr. William, his experiments and discoveries, designated, in “De Magnete ...,” by the larger asterisks, 545–546

Gilbert, Rev. Wm., 91

Gilgil, the Mauretanian (_at_ Agricola, Georgius), 501

Gilmore, John (_at_ Zoroaster), 542

Gilpin, George, Clerk of the London Royal Society, “Observations on the variation and on the dip ...”: London, 1806 (Phil. Trans. for 1806, pp. 385–419), 238

Gineau. _See_ Lefevre-Gineau.

Ginguené, Pierre Louis, 44, 506, 507

Ginn and Company, 504

Giobert, C. A. (_at_ Brugnatelli, L. V., A.D. 1802), 363

Gioberti, Giulio A. _See_ Biblioteca Italiana, _also_ Giulio (Giorn. Fis. Med., I. 188, 1792).

Gioia--Goia--Flavio, _Amalphus_, Gioia Joannes, an Italian pilot said to have been at Positano near Amalfi, 56–59, 73, 81, 211, 523

Giordiani (_at_ Brugnatelli, L. V., A.D. 1802), 363

Giornale Astro-meteorologico of Toaldo, Padua, 253

Giornale dei letterati d’Italia ...: Venezia and Firenze, 1710. _See_ Zeno, Caterino, Pietro.

Giornale dell’ Italiana letteratura, 66 Vols.: Padova, 1802–1828, 248, 254, 330

Giornale dell’ I.R. Istituto Lombardo. _See_ Biblioteca Italiana.

Giornale del Sc. Contemporanea: Messina.

Giornale di fisica, chimica e storia naturale, edited by L. V. and G. Brugnatelli, Brunacci and Configliachi, 10 Vols. 1808–1817.

Giornale di fisica. _See_ Nuovo Cimento; _also_ Matteucci, Carlo.

Giornale di medicina pratica. _See_ Breva, V. L., 300

Giornale di Pavia. _See_ Brugnatelli, L. V.

Giornale di scienze.... _See_ Verona Poligrafo.

Giornale Enciclopedico di Vicenza, 1779–1784, 253

Giornale fisico-chimico Italiano, 2 Vols. 1851–1852. _See_ Zantedeschi, F.

Giornale fisico-medico ..., 20 Vols. 1792–1796. _See_ Brugnatelli, L. V., 248

Giornale Sc. d’una Soc. Fil. di Torino, 257, 296

Giornale sulle scienze ...: Treviso, 18 Vols. 1821–1830.

Giornale Toscano di scienze med. fis. e natur: Pisa, 1840.

Giovene, G. M. (Mem. Soc. Ital., Vols. 8, 9 and 22), 1799–1841.

Giovini, Sarpi: Brussels, 1836, 113

Giraldi--Giraldus--Lilius Giacomo Gregorius, “Libellus de re nautica,” 1540, 57–58, 63

Girardi and Walter (_at_ Shaw, George, A.D. 1791), 298

Girardin (Nouv. de la Républ. des lettres et des arts, 1779), 385

Giraud-Soulavie, Abbé, 273

Gironi (_at_ Brugnatelli, L. V., A.D. 1802), 363

Girtannier, Christophe (1760–1800), 417

Giuli, G. (Ann. del Reg. Lombardo-Veneto, Vol. X. p. 30, 1840).

Giuli, G., and Linari-Santi (Ann. del Reg. Lombardo-Veneto, Vol. IX. p. 200, 1839).

Giulio--Julio--Sur les effets du fluide galvanique appliqué à differentes plantes ... (Bibliot. Ital., I. 28: Turin, 1803).

Giulio--Julio--e Rossi, “De excitabilitate contractionum ...”: Turin, 1800, 257, 284, 295, 305, 306, 326, 327, 350, 419

Giulio--Julio--Gioberti, Vassalli-Eandi, e Rossi. _See_ Biblioteca Italiana.

Gladstone, Dr. J. H., 466, 498

Gladstone, The Right Hon. William Ewart, 6

Glanvill--Glanvil--Joseph (1636–1680), called Saducismus-- Sadducismus--Triumphatus, 57, 127–129

Glanvilla--Glanville. _See_ Bartholomæus de Glanvilla.

Glareamus, Heinrich Loriti (1488–1563). _See_ Loritus, 535

“Glasgow Mechanics’ Magazine and Annals of Philosophy.” First issued at Glasgow during 1824.

Glasgow Observatory, 417

Glasgow Roy. Phil. Soc., 20

Glasgow University, 309, 425

Gleig, Dr. G. (_at_ Robison, John, A.D. 1793–1797), 311

Globus Mundi, the first book in which the name “America” is mentioned, 535

Gloesener (Comptes Rendus, XXVI. 336; _also_ XXVII. 23: Paris, 1848).

Glycon of Athens, sculptor of the Farnese Hercules, 543

Gmelin, Christian (son of Johann Conrad Gmelin), 451

Gmelin, Christian Gottlob (1792–1860), “Experimenta electricitatem ...”; “Analys. d. turmalins ...” (Schweigger’s Journ., XXXI. 1821); “Handbuch der Chemie ...,” 221, 287, 297, 352, 359, 370, 403, 406, 446, 447, 449, 451, 464, 476, 481, 493, 496, 498

Gmelin, Eberhard, 451

Gmelin family, 450

Gmelin, Ferdinand Gottlob von (1782–1848), 451

Gmelin, Johann Conrad (1707–1759), 450

Gmelin, Johann Friedrich (1748–1804), 451

Gmelin, Johann Georg (1674–1728), 450

Gmelin, Johann Georg (1709–1755), 450

Gmelin, Leopold (1788–1853), “Handbuch d. theoret. chemie,” 2 Vols. 1817–1829 (Handbook of Chemistry, translated and edited by Henry Watts, 1848–1861), 153, 286, 296, 446, 447, 449–451, 496

Gmelin, Philip Friedrich (1722–1768), 450

Gmelin, Samuel Gottlieb (1744–1774), 450

Göbel, Severin, 552

Goclenius, Rudolphus, the younger (1572–1621), 27, 245, 553

Godigno, N., 553

Godin deo Delonaio--Odonais--Louis, 145

Godwin, Dr. Francis (_at_ Wilkins, John, A.D. 1641), 119

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von (1749–1832), greatest of German poets, 58, 331

Goldsmith, Oliver (1728–1774), “Survey of experimental philosophy, magnetism and electricity,” 2 Vols.: London, 1776.

Golitsuni--Gallitzin--Dmitry Aleksyrevich, Prince (1738–1803), 242, 262

Gomperz--Gompertz--Theodor, 8, 504, 511, 522

Gonzalus, Oviedus--Gonzalo Fernando de Oviedo y Valdès (1478–1557), 532

“Good Words,” 7, 28, 87, 88

Goodsir, Prof. (_at_ Geoffroy, St. Hilaire Etienne, A.D. 1803), 375

Gordon, Andreas, 168, 203, 229, 239; “Phænomena electricitatis exposita”; “Philosophia”; “Tentamen ... electricitatis”; “Versuche ... electricität.”

Gordon, James Edward Henry, “Physical treatise on electricity and magnetism”; “Traité expérimental ...,” 239, 492

Gore, George, “Theory and practice of electro-deposition ...”; “On the electrical relations of metals ...”; “Art of electro-metallurgy,” 24, 352

Goropius, Henricus Becanus--Joannes Becano (1518–1572), 211, 517; “Hispanica Ioannis Goropii Becani,” 1580, 211

Gorton, John (_d._ 1835). _See_ “General Biographical Dictionary.”

Gosse, Edmund (_at_ Browne, Sir Th., A.D. 1646), 124

Gothaische Gelehrte Zeitungen, 240

Göttingen, Abhandlung d. Gött. Gesselschaft d. Wiss., 445

Göttingen, “Magazin für Allgemeine natur ...,” 11, 256, 257, 263, 298, (_at_ Lichtenberg, G. C., A.D. 1777), 250

Göttingen Observatory, 220

Göttingen, Societas regia Scientiarum Göttingensis (Commentarii Soc. Reg. Scient. Götting.), 28 Vols.: 1752–1808, 8, 220, 314, 451

Göttingen University (_at_ Lichtenberg, G. C., A.D. 1777), 250

Göttingische Gelehrte Anzeigen, 246, 455

Göttingischen gemein. Abhand., 216

Gottling’s Almanach, 383

Gottoin of Coma, the Canon, 277

Gottshed, J. C., 555

Gouget, “Origin of Laws,” 10

Gough, John (_at_ Berzelius, J. J. F. von, A.D. 1802–1806), 370

Gould, Benjamin Apthorp, Jr. (_b._ 1824) (astronomer), 407

Gourdon, Victor Pierre (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, A.D. 1883), 385

Govi, Gilberto (1826–1889), “Volta e la telegrafia elettrica ...”: Turin, 1868; “Romagnosi e l’elettro-magnetismo ...,” 1869, 365, 366

Gow, James, of Cambridge, 39, 520, 541

Gower, John, “Confessio Amantis,” 58

Græsse, Jean George Théodore, “Trésor de livres rares et précieux”: Dresde, 1861, 63, 81, 531, 539

Graham, George (1675–1751), mentioned at Porret, Robert, A.D. 1816 (Phil. Trans., 1724, 1725, 1748), 146–157, 191, 266, 426, 441, 444

Graham, Richard (_at_ A.D. 1745), 175

Graham, T., “Elements of Chemistry,” 2 Vols., 441, 491 (Phil. Mag. or Annals, I. 107, 1827).

Gralath, Daniel (1729–1809), “Elektrische Bibliothek”: Danzig, 1754, 1756; “Geschichte der Electricität”: Danzig, 1747, 1754, 1756, 174, 178, 185, 186–187

Grandamicus--Grandami--Jacobus, 120, 146

Grand Dictionnaire Historique, 1740, by Louis Moreri.

Grand Dictionnaire Universel du XIX^e siècle, Pierre Larousse, 1866–1876, 15 Vols., 2, 24

Grandeau (mentioned at Bertholon de St. Lazare, A.D. 1780–1781), 259

Grande Encyclopédie des sciences, des lettres et des arts, 2

Grant, R., “History of physical astronomy.”

Grapengieser, Dr. C. J. C., “Versuche den Galvanismus ...,” 269, 325, 326, 330, 332, 419

Gravesande. _See_ S’Gravesande.

Gray, Asa (1810–1888), 259, 260, 323

Gray, Edward Whittaker (1748–1807), 237

Gray--Grey--Stephen (_d._ 1736), xiv, 153–155, 161, 162, 167, 177, 193, 214, 217, 240 (Phil. Trans., abridged, VI., VIII., 1720, 1723, 1731, 1734–1735, 1735–1736; _also_ Phil. Trans., unabridged, XXXVII. 1731–1732; XXXIX. 1735–1736 and 1738).

Gray, John. _See_ Royal Society.

“Great Divide,” 315

Greaves, John (1602–1652), 120

Green and Hazard, authors of “Epitome of electricity and magnetism,” published at Philadelphia, 1809.

Green, George (1793–1841), “An essay on the application of mathematical analysis to the theories of magnetism and electricity”: London, 1828, 262

Green, J., “Electro-magnetism”: Philad., 1827.

Greenslet, Ferris (_at_ Glanvill, Joseph, A.D. 1665), 129

Grégoire du Tour, 140

Grégoire, Louis, “Dictionnaire Encyclopédique des Sciences”; “Dictionnaire classique d’histoire,” 262

Gregorio, D., “Lettera intorno all’ elettricità ...,” 1693, 554

Gregorovius, Ferdinand, “History of ... Middle Ages,” translated by Annie Hamilton, 1896, 539

Gregory, David (1661–1708), observations on laws of magnetic

## action, 145

Gregory, George (1754–1808), “Economy of nature,” 263, 306, 322–323, 496

Gregory, Olinthus Gilbert (1774–1841), 434

Gregory, William, London, 1850, 140

Gregory XIII (_at_ Bacon, Sir Francis, A.D. 1620), 102

Gren, Friedrich Albert Carl (1760–1798). _See_ Journal der physik, 220, 248, 249, 271, 284, 326

Grenoble University, 536

Gresham College, 107, 117

Grew, Nehemiah (1641–1712), 159, 160, 547; “Musæum regalis societatis,” Royal Society Transactions.

Grey, Zachary (1688–1766), 99

Griffin, J. J. (_at_ Gmelin, Leopold, A.D. 1819), 450

Grimaldi, Francesco Maria (1618–1663), 113, 127, 141

Grimaldi, G., “Dissertazione ... della bussola”: Roma, 1741, 58, 61

Grimelli, G., “Storia ... dell’ elettro metallurgia ... lessicologica”: Modena, 1844.

Grindel, David Hieronymus, “Russischer Jahrbuch für der chemie und pharmacie,” 368

Griscom, Prof. (_at_ Hare, Robert, A.D. 1819), 447

Gnselini, Francesco, “Vita de Fra Paolo Sarpi,” 111

Grofton (_at_ A.D. 1676), 135

Gröningen--Groeningne--Academy of, 277

Gronov-Gronovius, Jacobus (Phil. Trans., LXV.), 299

Gross, Johann Friedrich, 273, 556

Grote, George, “Plato,” “Greece,” 11, 504, 537

Grotius, Hugo--De Groot (1583–1645), 517–518

Grotthus, Theodor, Baron von (1785–1822), 390–392, 419

Groue, Francis (_at_ Kratzenstein, C. G., A.D. 1745), 171

Grouemann (Archives Néerlandaises), 142

Grout, Jonathan, Jr. (_at_ A.D. 1800), 337

Grove, Sir William Robert (1811–1896), 391, 426

Growth of Industrial Art (_at_ Grout, J., Jr., A.D. 1800), 337

Gruber, Johann Gottfried. _See_ Ersch and Gruber.

Grucker, Emile (_at_ Plotinus of Alexandria), 534

Grummert, Gottfried Heinrich, 172

Grundig, Christoph Gottlob (1707–1780), “Archiv. der mathematik und physik,” 1841–1855.

“Grundriss der Chemie,” 1833, edited by Friedrich Wohler.

Gruner, Christian Gottfried (_at_ Galvani, Luigi, A.D. 1786), 285

Gruter, John, the great humanist and critic (1520–1627), is said to have edited the “... De mundo nostro...,” 1651, of William Gilbert (Wheeler Catalogue, No. 131).

Guadagni, G., 1744 (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

“Guardian” (_at_ Strada Famianus, A.D. 1617), 99

Guericke, Otto von (1602–1686), “Experimenta nova ...,” 125, 126, 130, 132, 150

Guérin, A. J., “Histoire Générale et particulière de l’électricité,” 1752, 420, 556

Guerino detto il Meschino, 57. _See_ Andrew the Florentine.

Gueront, Auguste, 208, 224, 361

Guette, Johann Conrad (_b._ 1747), “Beschreibung ...”: Nuremberg, 1790. It contains a bibliography and history of electricity.

Guide to the literature of botany. _See_ Jackson, B. D. J.

Guido delle Colonne--Io Colonna da Messina, 44

Guillen, Felipe (_at_ A.D. 1530–1542), 70

Guillotin, Joseph Ignace (1738–1814), 305

Guinicelli, Guido, of Bologna (1240–1276), 16, 43, 44. _Consult_ Biog. Gén. (Hœfer), Vol. XXII. p. 754; _also_ Biogr. Univ., XVIII. 214.

Guisan, F. S., “De Gymnoto” (_at_ Shaw, George, A.D. 1791), 299

Guitard, M. T., “Histoire de l’électricité médicale”: Paris; 1854, 179

Guitard, T. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386

Gull, W. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386

Gunter, Edmund (1581–1626), 107, 117

Günther, “Etwas von elektrophor ...”: Leipzig, 1783, 381

Gurney, Sir Goldeworthy (1793–1875), 426

Gustavson, Col. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Gutenberg, Johann (_c._ 1398–1468), 508

Gutle, J. C., “Zaubermechanik od Beschreibung ...,” 1794, 557

Guye, Philippe A., “Journal de Chimie-Physique”: Genève, 392

Guyot--Guiot--de Provins, xix, 28, 30, 56. His poem on the magnet is to be found in Legrand d’Aussy’s “Fabliaux ...,” 1781, _and also_ in Lorimer’s “Concise Essay ...,” 1795. _See_ “Nouv. Biogr. Gén.” (Hœfer), XXVIII. 951

Guyot, “Nouvelles récréations physiques et mathématiques,” 224

Gyges, ring of (_at_ Thales of Miletus, 600–580 B.C.), 8

_Gymnotus electricus_, 20, 129, 230, 241, 299, 319, 335, 374, 493

H

Haarlem Batavi Scientific Society, 279, 367

Haarlem Teylerian Society, 277, 278, 292

Hachette, Jean Nicholas Pierre (1769–1834), 290, 375–376, 420, 476 (Annales de Chimie, LXV. 1808; XXXVII. 1828; LI. 1834). _See_ Désormes.

Hachette et Ampère (Journal de Physique, Septembre 1820).

Hachette et Thénard.

Hacker, P. W., “Zur theorie des magnetismus”: Nürnberg, 1856, 160

Haen, Antoni de, “Ratio Medendi in Noscomio practico ...,” 1760, 212, 213

Hagen. “Memoriæ Philosophorum,” 97

Hagenbach-Bischoff, Jacob Eduard (Arch. Sc. Phys. Nat., Ser. III. pp. 476–482. Velocity of current propagation on telegraph lines experimented upon found to be 42,000 miles per second), Geneva, 1884.

Hahm, Friedrich von (_at_ Walsh, John, A.D. 1773), 240

Haidinger, W. Ritter von, “Der meteorstein fäll ...”: Wien, 1866, 1868.

Hain, Ludovico, “Repertorium Bibliographicorum,” 502, 540

Hakewill, George (1578–1649), “An apologie ...,” 108, 211, 516, 523

Hakluyt--Hackluyt--Richard (1553–1616); Hakluyt Society, 58, 69, 70, 90, 115, 520, 522, 523, 525, 560–564; “Principall navigations ...”; “Voyages....”

Haldane, Lieut.-Col. Henry, 270, 338, 393, 419

Haldat du Lys, Charles Nicholas Alexandra de (1770–1852), 277

Hale, Edward Everett, “Franklin in France,” 1887, 205, 207, 227, 250, 252, 288, 289

Hale, Sir Matthew (1609–1676), “Magnetismus magnus ...”: London, 1695, 554. (Molecular magnets mentioned at p. 55 of above-named work.)

Hale, “Statical Essays,” 189

Hales, Reverend Stephen (1677–1761), 188, 200. _See_ Copley Medal.

Hali, Abbas (died _c._ A.D. 995), 26, 517; “Liber totius medicinæ ...,” 1523.

Hall (mentioned at Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Hall, Elias F., 560

Hall, Joseph, Bishop of Norwich, “the English Seneca” (1574–1656), 16, 20

Hall, Sir James (mentioned at A.D. 1805), 392

Hallam, Henry (1777–1859), 61, 90, 113, 560–563; “History of the Middle Ages”; “Introduction to the literature of the fifteenth and sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.”

Halle, Abhandl. d. Naturf. Gesellsch., 414

Halle, Annalen der Physik, von Gilbert, L. W. Continued under name of Annalen der Physik und Chemie.

Hallé, Jean N., 247, 249, 270, 305, 326, 333, 354, 393

Hallé, P. (_at_ Naudé, Gabriel, A.D. 1625), 108

Haller, Albert von (1708–1777), “Elementa Physiologiæ”; “Bibliotheca Botanica,” 332, 385, 529, 538

Halley, Edmund, English Astronomer Royal (1656–1724), 70, 78, 118, 134, 137–142, 165, 214, 273, 301, 315, 444, 472, 530, 547

Halliwell, James Orchard, 531

Hallock, Prof. William, xii

Hamberger, Prof. Georg Erhard, 170

Hamburg, “Magazin der neuesten ... reisebeschreibungen,” 273

Hamburgisches Magazin, 216, 273, 320

Hamel, Joseph J. von (1788–1862), “Historical account of the introduction of the galvanic and electro-magnetic telegraph”: London, 1859, 365, 384, 407, 421, 422. _See_ “Regia Scientiarum.”

Hamel, J. T., and Cooke, W. F.: London, 1859.

Hamilton (_at_ Swinden, J. H. van, A.D. 1784), 273

Hamilton, A. _See_ Gregorius.

Hamilton, Hugh (1729–1805), 308 (Scelta d’ Opuscoli, XXXI. 3, 1776). “Phil. essays ... observations on the aurora ...”: London, 1767.

Hamilton, James, Sixth Duke of Abercorn (1656–1734), 159–160, 554; “Calculations ... virtue of loadstones,” 1729.

Hamilton, Sir William, “Lectures on metaphysics and logic,” 40

Hammer, William J., xi

Hammond, Robert, “The electric light in our homes”: London, 1884.

Hamy, Ernest Theodore, “Bibliothèque d’histoire scientifique”: Paris, 1908.

Handbuch der Allgemeine Chemie, 262

Handbuch der Chemie. _See_ Liebig, Justus von.

Handbuch der naturlehre. _See_ Muncke, G. W.

Handbuch des magnetismus. _See_ Lamont, Johann, Leipzig.

Handbuch die æltere medicine. _See_ Charlant, J. L.

Handbuch für die literatur, by Rosenmüeller, E. F. C., 528

Hankel, Wilhelm Gottlieb (1814–1899), 153, 205, 426 (König. Sächische Gesells. d. Wissen, 1851, 1856, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1861, 1865; Poggendorff, Ann., LXXXI. 1850).

Hansen, Peter Andreas (mentioned at Hanstsen, C., A.D. 1819), 444

Hansteen, Christopher (1784–1873), 28, 29, 141, 157, 225, 267, 308, 442, 444–446, 457, 480; “Untersuchungen über den magnetismus der erde ...”: Christiania, 1819 (Poggendorff’s Annals, 1825–1855; Phil. Mag., LIX. 248; Phil. Mag. or Annals, II. 324; Nyt Mag. for Naturvidenskabene, 1839, 1841, 1842, 1845–1851; Acad. Roy. de Belgique, 1853).

Harcourt, College of, 280

Hare, Robert (1781–1858), 256, 278, 308, 337, 356, 373, 389, 446–449, 460 (Phil. Mag., LIV. 206, 1819; LVII. 284, 1821; LXII. 8, 1823; Phil. Mag. or Annals, VII. 114 and 171, 1829; Amer. Phil. Soc. Trans., V. 1837; VI. 1839; VII. 1841).

Hare, Robert, and Allen, Z. (Amer. Phil. Soc. Trans., VI. 297, 1839).

Hariot--Harriot--Hariott--Thomas (1560–1621), 76, 519; “On magnetic variations” (Poggendorff, I. 1019).

Harisse, Henri, 69

Harper’s Magazine: New York, 61

Harris’ Life of Charles II. (_at_ Boyle, Robert, A.D. 1675), 130

Harris, Sir William Snow (1781–1867); “Rudimentary Electricity”; “Rudimentary Magnetism”; “Frictionary Electricity”; “Nature of Thunderstorms”; “Rudimentary Galvanism”; on lightning conductors (Annals of Electricity, IV. 484; Nautical Magazine, 1841, 1852, 1853), 15, 24, 134, 149, 156, 177, 178, 190, 191, 195, 204, 205, 212, 225, 229, 231, 238, 239, 250, 256, 277, 280, 290, 292, 315, 335, 380, 407, 412, 415, 423, 427, 446, 448, 455, 458, 461, 467, 468–471, 476, 481, 493, 498

Harrison, Frederick C., “The new calendar of great men,” 44

Harsdorffer, Georg Philippi, Senator of Nuremberg, 125

Harsu, Jacques de (1730–1784), 246; “Recueil des effets salutaires de l’aimant ...,” 1783.

Harte, Richard (_at_ Mesmer, F. A., A.D. 1772), 237

Hartmann, Franz, “Life of ... Paracelsus,” 1887, 65

Hartmann, Georg (1489–1564). To him is due the earliest determination of magnetic declination _on land_, March 4, 1544; its discovery _on sea_ is due to Columbus, September 13, 1492. “Entdeckte ... diamagn. inclination ... des magnets ...,” 1544, 70–71, 77, 266

Hartmann, Johann Friedrich (_d._ 1800), 216, 320; “Encyclopädie der elekt. wissenschaften ...”: Bremen, 1784 (Hamb. Mag., XXIV. 1759; XXV. 1761).

Hartmann, Philipp Jacob (1648–1707), 8, 554; “Succini Prussici physica et civilis historia ...,” 1677 (Phil. Trans. abridged, II. 473; Phil. Trans. unabridged, XXI. 5, 49).

Hartshorn, T. C. (_at_ Deleuze, J. Philippe F., A.D. 1813), 425

Hartsoeker, Nicolas (1656–1725), 151; “Conjectures physiques,” 1706; “Cours de physique,” 1730.

Hartwig, Dr. G. (_at_ Shaw, George, A.D. 1791), 299

Hartzheim, Josephus (_at_ Cusanus, N. K.), 510

Harvard College--University--62, 63, 417, 452, 534

Harvey--Harvy--Gideon (1640–1700); “Archelogia philosophica nova ...”: London, 1663; “Remarks on the influence of magnetism on rates of chronometers.”

Harvey, William (1578–1657), 90, 121, 336

Harward, O., “Discourse of ... lightning,” 1604, 553

Hatchett, Charles (1765–1847), 286, 387, 454, 476

Hatchett, “On the electro-magnetic experiments of Oersted and Ampère,” 1821 (Phil. Mag., LVII. 40).

Hauch, Adam Wilhelm von (1755–1838), “Memoir ...,” 249, 337, 454 (Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift Ny Samml, IV. 1793).

Hauch and Forchammer, 454

Hauff, Johann Karl Friedrich (1766–1846), “Neuer galvan. Apparat ...,” 1803–1804 (Gilbert’s Annal, XV. 1803; XVIII. 1804), 285

Hauksbee, Francis (died _c._ 1713), 149–151, 156, 168, 181, 191, 229, 252, 444 (Phil. Trans., XXIV. 1706, 1707–1709, 1711–1712).

Hauréau, Jean Barthélémy (1812–1896), “Histoire de la philosophie scholastique,” x, 37, 39, 41, 505, 526

Hausch, M. G., 93, 96; “Epistolæ ...”

Hausen--Hausenius--Christian Augustus (1692–1743), 168

Haussmann, J. F. L. (_at_ Zamboni, G., A.D. 1812), 420 (Crell’s Chem. Annal., 1803, II. 207).

Haüy--Hauey--Le Père, René Just (1743–1822), 153, 273, 286–287, 295, 300, 353, 374, 415, 465; “Traité élementaire de physique,” 3rd ed., 2 Vols. 1821 (Soc. Philomatique an 5, p. 34, an 12, p. 191; Phil. Mag., XX. 120, XXXVIII. 81; Mém. du Museum, Vol. III.).

Havgk (_at_ Reinhold, J. C. L., A.D. 1797–1798), 327

Haward (_at_ A.D. 1676), 134

Hawkins, John, 211, 523

Haygarth, Dr. J. (mentioned at Reinhold, J. C. L., A.D. 1797–1798), 328

Hazlitt, William Carew, “Collections and Notes,” 1876, 95, 300

“Heat and light consist of the conflict of the electricities....” Thus stated by Oersted, H. C., in a note appended to the translation of “Experimenta circa ...,” 1820, made by him for Thomson’s “Annals of Philosophy.”

Hebenstreit, Jean Ernest (1703–1757), (_at_ Reinhold, J. C. L., A.D. 1797–1798), 327

Hecker, Auguste Frédéric (1743–1811), 332

Hedonville, Sieur de (_at_ Le Journal des Sçavans), 550

Heer. _See_ Vorsselman de Heer.

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770–1831), 536

Heidel, Wolfgang, Ernst, 554

Heidmann, J. A., 285, 393; “Theory of galvanic electricity founded on experience” (Phil. Mag., XXVIII. 97, 1807).

Heidmann, J. H., “Observations physico-electriques” (Journ. di Chimie, VI. 190).

Heineken, C. (Phil. Mag. or Annals, II. 362, 411, 1827).

Heineken, N. S. (_at_ Schwenter, Daniell, A.D. 1600), 81

Heinrich, Placidus (1758–1825), 420; “Die Phosphorescenz der Körper,” 1811, 1812, 1814, 1815, 1820 (Schweigg. Journ., IV. 1812; XIII. 1814; XV. 1815; XXIX. 1820; Gilb. Ann., XXVII. 1807).

Heinze, Johann Georg (1719–1801), 280

Helancius, alludes to the electro-magnetical power of the _betyli_, 17

Helebrandt (_at_ Heidmann, J. A., A.D. 1806), 393

Helfenzrieder, J. E. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Helferricht, Adolf, 32

Helfferich, “Raymond Lully”: Berlin, 1888, 32

Heliodorus of Emesa in Syria (fl. _c._ third century A.D.), 8

Helix and magnet, experimental distinction between (Faraday), 486

Hell--Höll--Maximilian (1720–1792), 26, 233, 236, 246, 308; “Ephemerides ad Meridian ...”: Vienna, 1757–1791; “Ephemerides, An 1777. Appendix Auroræ theoria.”

Hellant, Anders (_d._ 1789) (Schwedische Akad. Abhandl., XVIII. 68; XXXIX. 285), 308

Heller, Theodor Ægidius von (1759–1810), 218, 248, 271, 320 (Gren’s New Journ., II. 1795; IV. 1797; Gilb. Annal., IV. 1800).

Hellmann, Dr. G., 45, 46, 68, 77, 78, 79, 81, 92, 119, 138, 509, 531; “Neudrucke von schriften und Karten,” 1898; “Rara magnetica,” 1898.

Hellwag, Christoph Friedrich (1754–1835), 285

Hellwag, C. F., and Jacobi, M., “Umfahrungen ... des galvanismus ...,” 1802.

Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von (Pogg. Annal., LXXXIII. 1851; LXXXIX. 1853).

Helmont, Johann Baptist van (1577–1644), 103–106; “De magnetica ... curatione”: Paris, 1621; “Ternary of paradoxes, magnetic cure of wounds....” Translation of Dr. W. Charlton, London, 1650.

Helmuth, J. H., “Über d. Enstchung des Nordlichts,” 1777, 308

Helsham, Dr. (_at_ Ferguson, James, A.D. 1770), 232

Helsingfors, University of, 179

Helvetius, J. F., 1663 and 1677, 554; “Disputatio philosophica de magnete.”

Helvig--Helwig--C. G. (Gilbert’s Annalen, LI. S. 2, S. 10, 1815), 195, 417, 419

Hemman, M., “Medico Sur. Essays”: Berlin, 1778, 64

Hemmer, Johann Jacob (1733–1790), 29, 258, 270, 308, 386, 417, 426, 556; “Sur l’électricité des métaux”: Paris, 1780; “On experiments with an electrophorus” (Mém. de l’acad. de Mannheim, Vol. IV. p. 112; Acad. Theod. Palat. Commentat. Vols. IV. V. VI.).

Henckel, Johann Friedrich (1679–1744), “Pyritologia ...,” 273

Henley--Henly--William (_d._ 1779), 228, 237–238, 249, 252, 305, 320, 362, 403

Henley, William, and Ronayne, T. (Phil. Trans., 1772, p. 137).

Henley, W. T., “Télégraphe électrique dans lequel les piles sont remplacées par des électro-aimants” (Comptes Rendus, XXX. 412, 1850).

Henn, “De Amperi principiis ...,” 1850, 476

Henri (mentioned at Brugnatelli, L. G., A.D. 1802), 362

Henricus (Regius), “Fundamenta physices,” 1646; “Philosophia naturalis,” 1654, 554

Henrion, Denis (_at_ Leurechon, Jean, A.D. 1628), 109

Henry, Joseph (1797–1878) (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., V. 1835, 1837; VI. 1839; VIII. 1843; Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., III. 165; IV. 179; Trans. Albany Institute, I. 22, 1831), 318, 322, 323, 337, 421, 447, 449, 459, 460, 472, 473, 476, 487, 488

Henry, Joseph, and Tan (or Ten) Eyck, Dr., “A work on the application of electro-magnetism to mechanical purposes” (Phil. Mag. or Annals, X. 314).

Henry, Lord Brougham, “Lives of Men of Letters and Science,” 1846, 457

Henry, Dr. William (1775–1836), “Elements of Experimental Chemistry,” 1799; “On Sir Humphry Davy and Dr. Wollaston” (Phil. Mag. or Ann., VII. 228; Phil. Mag., XXII. 183; XXXII. 277; XL. 337), 249, 270, 292, 347, 369, 392, 393, 419, 441, 449, 455, 473

Henry, W. C., “Memoirs of John Dalton,” 1854, 308, 490

Heraclidæ (descendants of Heracles--Hercules), 4, 5. _See_ “New Int. Cyclop.,” IX. 789.

Heraclides of Pontus and Ecphantus (died _c._ 330 B.C.), 519, 530, 532, 533, 543

Heraclitus, Greek philosopher (fl. _c._ 500 B.C.), mentioned by Gilbert, Wm., in _De Magnete_, Book V. Chap. XII. _See_ Zeller, Eduard.

Herbelot, Barthélémy d’, “Bibli. Orientali; on Dictionnaire Universel,” 541

Herbert, Joseph Elder von (1725–1794), 229, 273; “Theoriæ phænomenorum electricorum,” 1772, 1778.

Herculean stone--native magnet (_at_ 337–330 B.C.), 13

Hercules, Temples of, 13

Herlicius, D., “Tractatus de fulmine ...”: Starg, 1604, 553

Herembstads (_at_ Humboldt, F. H. A., A.D. 1799), 332

Hermann, Daniel, “De rara et lacorta succino Borussiaco insitio,” 1580, 1600.

Hermes (Trismegistus)--the Egyptian god _Thoth_--looked upon by the Greeks as the originator of learning, 519, 542

Hermestaedt (_at_ Reinhold, J. C. L., A.D. 1797–1798), 327

Hermolaus Barbarus, “H. B. Patritii Veneti et Aquileinsis ...,” 1516, 82, 541

Hero--Heron--of Alexandria (fl. third century B.C.), 520

Herschel, Prof. Alexander Stewart (mentioned at Chladni, E. F. F.), 313

Herschel, Sir Frederick William (1738–1822), 158. _See_ “Pioneers of Science,” by Sir Oliver Lodge, 1905, Lecture XII. and Index, pp. 402–403.

Herschel, Sir John Frederick William, son of the preceding (1792–1871); “Preliminary discourse on the study of natural philosophy,” 1831; “Revised instructions ...” for Royal Society, 1842, 76, 99, 101, 102, 140, 141, 158, 212, 262, 297, 300, 322, 369, 395, 455, 458, 466, 471, 476, 481

Hertz--Herz--Heinrich Rudolf, Professor of Physics in Bonn University (1857–1894), 184, 331

Hervart, Joannes Fridericus, “Admiranda Ethnicæ ...,” 15, 106

Hervart, Johann George (1554–1622), 106

Hevelius--Hevel--Hewelcke Joannes (1611–1687), 130 (Phil. Trans. 1670, p. 2059).

Heyden, J. M. van der, “Mémoire sur l’électro-magnétisme” (Journal de Phys. Chim. et d’Hist. Nat., Vol. 94), Paris, 1822.

Hiao-wou-ti, Emperor of the Chinese Han dynasty, 5

Hibbard (mentioned at Ampère, A. M., A.D. 1820), 476

Hien Toung, ascended Chinese throne, A.D. 806, 28

Higgs, Paget (_at_ Oersted, H. C., A.D. 1820), 454

Highton, Edward, 148, 242, 248, 286, 316, 318, 337, 359, 407, 436, 439, 476; “The electric telegraph; its history and progress”: London, 1852.

Hilaire. _See_ Geoffroy, Saint Hilaire.

Hildeberti--Gildebert--French writer (_c._ A.D. 1055–1133), 526

Hildebrand, A. (_at_ Jacotot, Pierre, A.D. 1804), 387

Hildebrandt, Georg Friedrich (1764–1816), 311 (Gilbert’s Ann., XXI. 1805; XXX. 1808; Gehlen’s Neues Allgem. Jour. d. Chemie, VI. 1808; Schweigger’s Journ., I. 1811; XI. 1814).

Hill, Sir John (_c._ 1716–1775); “A general natural history,” 1748; “Theophrastus’ History of Stones,” _De lapidibus_, 2nd ed. 1774, 13

Hiller, L. H., “Mysterium artis ...,” 1682, 554

Hillyer, mentioned at Mercator, 563

Hin-tchin completed in A.D. 121 the celebrated Chinese dictionary “Choue-Wen,” 21

Hiörter. _See_ Hjorter.

Hipparchus the Rhodian--Abraxis (_b._ 160–145 (?) B.C.)--Hipparchian, 32, 108, 513, 520–522, 533, 537

Hippias of Elis (_c._ 460, B.C.), 15

Hippocrates, “father of medical science” (_c._ 460–357 B.C.), 14, 40, 270, 506, 511, 540

Hirt, Aloys (1759–1837), “Der Tempel Salomonis”: Berlin, 1803, 5, 9 (Ronalds’ Catalogue, p. 246).

Hisinger, W. (1766–1852), “Forsk med. elektriska ...”: Stockholm, 336, 369, 419. _See_ Berzelius, _also_ Ideler, C. L.

Histoire abrégée, par Dalibard, 175

Histoire académique du magnétisme animal. _See_ Mojon.

“Histoire (Chinoise) traduite du Thoung-Kian-Kang-Mou”: Paris, 1777, 2

Histoire Chr. d’Abbeville, par Nicolas Sanson, 108

Histoire critique des pratiques superstitieuses, 148

Histoire de l’Arianisme, 144

Histoire de l’astronomie au 18^e siècle. _See_ Delambre, J. B. J.

Histoire de la Bibliothèque Mazarine, par Alf. Franklin, 108

Histoire de la boussole. _See_ Boddært, P. D. M.

Histoire de la chimie. _See_ Hœfer, M. F.

Histoire ... de la dynastie de Tang, 21

Histoire de l’électricité medicale. _See_ Guitard, M. T.

Histoire de la littérature Romaine. _See_ Schöll, Carl.

Histoire de la Médicine Arabe, par L. Leclerc, 541

Histoire de la médicine, par J. Freind, 505. _See also_ Sprengel, K. P. J.

Histoire de la philosophie. _See_ Rémusat, Charles de.

Histoire de la télégraphie. _See_ Bonel, A.; Chappe, I. U. J.; _also_ Mangin M.; Bonel, A.; Reynard, J. J.

Histoire de l’Université de Paris, 39

Histoire des auteurs sacrés, par Léonce Celier, 525

Histoire des météores. _See_ Rambosson, J.

Histoire des physiciens (Desaguliers, Boyle, etc.). _See_ Séverien, Alexandre.

Histoire des sciences. _See_ Maupied, F. L. M.

Histoire des sciences mathématiques.... _See_ Marie, J. F.

Histoire des sciences mathématiques ... à la fin du 17^e siècle, par Guillaume Libri (1803–1869), 45

Histoire des sciences mathématiques et physiques chez les Belges. _See_ Quetelot, L. A. J.

Histoire des sciences naturelles, par Georges Cuvier, 190, 202

“Histoire du Galvanisme ...” _See_ Electricity, galvanic, history of.

Histoire ecclésiastique, par Lenain de Tillemont, 525

Histoire générale des mathématiques, Charles Bossut, 147

Histoire littéraire de la France, 33, 526, 531

Historia Ecclesiastica, by Claude Fleury, 525

Historia Gymnasii Patavavini, 528

“Historia rerum Norvegicarum of Torffæus,” 44

Historia ... Veterum Persarum, by Thomas Hyde, 141

Historia Univ. Par. _See_ Du Boulay.

Historiæ Animalium Angliæ, 204

“Historiæ Hierosolimitanæ” of Jacobus de Vitry, 31

Historical account of astronomy. _See_ Narisson, John.

Historical Magazine, 209

Historical Memoirs on Galvanism. _See_ Schaub, J.

Historical sketch of the Electric Telegraph, by A. Jones, 1852.

Histories of telegraphy, by I. U. J. Chappe, 301

History and heroes of the Art of Medicine, 132

History and present state of Galvanism. _See_ Bostock, John.

History and progress of the electric telegraph. _See_ Sabine, Robert.

History of antiquity. _See_ Duncker, Max.

History of Chaldea, 2

History of China, Chronological tables, 1

History of classical Greek literature, 511

History of Electric Science. _See_ Bakewell, Frederick C.

History of electricity. _See_ Electricity, galvanic, history of.

History of Greek mathematics, 520

History of Latin Christianity. _See_ Milman.

History of Magnetism. _See_ Magnetism, history of.

History of mathematics. _See_ Ball, W. W. R.

History of natural philosophy. _See_ Forbes, J. D.

“History of navigation from its origin to this time” (1704), 522

History of Norway, 44

History of scientific ideas, by Whewell, 499

History of Spanish Literature, Geo. Tickner, 532

History of philosophy from Thales to Comte, 534

History of the Crusades, 31

History of the decline and fall of the Roman Empire, by Gibbon (Milman), 525

History of the Philosophy of History. _See_ Flint, Robert.

History of the telegraph. _See_ p. 458 of the Index, Vol. II. of Catalogue of Wheeler Gift to the Amer. Inst. of Electrical Engineers, 1909. _See also_ Sabine, Robert; Jones, A.; Chappe, I. U. J., 301

History of things lost, 1715, 81

History of wireless telegraphy, by J. J. Fahie, x

History philosophically illustrated. _See_ Miller, Dr. George.

Hjortberg, G. F. (K. Schwed. Akad. Abh., Vol. 27, pp. 200, 280; Vol. 30, p. 99), Leipzig, 1765, 1768, 385

Hjorter--Hiörter--Olav--Olof Peter (1696–1750), 139, 168, 273, 308; “Von der Magnet-Nadel ... vestorbenen A. Celsius ...,” 1747.

Hoadley, B., and Wilson, B., “Observations ... electrical experiments ...,” 1756, 185

Hoang-ti, Chinese Emperor (_at_ 2637 B.C.), 1, 2, 28

Hobart Town--Hobarton--place at which important magnetical observations were made by Edward Sabine in 1841, 1843, 267

Hodson, F. M., “Encyclopædia Mancuniensis ...”: Manchester, 1813.

Hody, Humphrey (1659–1706), 43

Hœfer, Johann F. Christian, Charles M. Ferdinand (1811–?); “Histoire de la Chimie”; “Histoire de l’astronomie”; “Nouvelle Biographie Générale,” 34, 44, 71, 505, 517, 529, 531

Hœfer. _See_ “Nouvelle Biographie Générale.”

Hofberg, Hermann, 165, 370; “Svenskt. Biografiskt Handlexikon.”

Hoff, Jacobus Hendricus van’t. _See_ Van’t Hoff.

Höffding, Harold, “A history of modern philosophy,” 94

Hoffmann, C. L. (_at_ Faraday, Michael), 497, and _at_ 1787, 556

Hoffmann, Johann Christian (_b._ 1768), “Anweirsung ...,” 557; “Praktische ... elektrisermachinen ...”: Leipzig, 1795.

Hoffmann, Privy Councillor of Mayence, 451

Holden, Edward S. (_at_ Galileo, A.D. 1632), 117; (_at_ Copernicus, N.), 508

Holder, William (1616–1698), Royal Society Transactions, 548

Holland, Frederick May (_at_ Ficino, Marsiglio), 515

Holland, Philemon (1552–1637), The naturall historie of C. Plinius Secundus, 11, 13, 18, 26, 124. _See_ Pliny.

Hollick, F. (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N., A.D. 1799), 330

Hollmann, Samuel Christian (1696–1787), “Of electrical fire” (Phil. Trans., X. 271, 1744–1745.

Holmgren, K. A., “Recherches ... l’influence de la température sur le magnetisme” (Upsala Acad., 1855, 1859).

Holsbeck, H. van (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386

Holtz, Wilhelm Theodor Bernhard, “Ueber die elektrische ...”: Berlin, 1878; “Zur theorie der influenzelektrisismaschine”: Greifewald, 1878 (Ann. Phys. und Chem., Vol. 126, pp. 157–171, 1865), 179

Holywood. _See_ Sacro Bosco.

Hombre-Firmas, Louis Augustin, Baron d’ (1785–1857), 423, 424

Home, Sir Everard (1756–1832) (_at_ Banks, Sir Joseph, A.D. 1820), 456

Homer, father of Greek poetry (flourished according to Herodotus ninth century B.C.), 5, 6, 23, 29

Homes, Henry Guy, translator of Al Gazel, 38

Hondius, Jodocus, 562–564

Honorius, d’Autun (Phil. Mag., XXXV. 108), 35

Hood, T., “The use of both the globes,” 1592

Hooke, Dr. Robert (1635–1703), 26, 130, 142–143, 147, 301, 399, 434, 547

Hooker, Sir J. D. (_at_ A.D. 1781), 259

Hooper, Dr. William, “Rational Recreations,” 241

Hopf, C. G. “Dissert. sistens ... theoriæ,” 1794, 557

Hopkinson, Thomas (1709–1751), “On the effect of points in electricity.”

Hopkinson, T., and Rittenhouse, D. (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. O.S. II.) 178, 198, 252, 283, 492

Hoppe, Edmund, “Geschichte ...,” 1884, 224, 319

Horrebow--Horreboe--Christian (1718–1776), 158

Horrebow--Horreboe--Nicolas (1712–1760), 158

Horrebow--Horreboe--Peter (1728–1812), 158

Horrebow--Horreboe--Peter (1679–1764), 157–158, 508

Horrox--Horrockes--Jeremiah (1619–1641), 96

Horsford, Eben Norton (_b._ 1818), “Cabot’s Landfall ... Norumbega,” 115. _Consult_ “Appleton’s Cyclopædia,” III. 265.

Hortenz--Hortentz--A. B. (mentioned at A.D. 1805), 392 (Phil. Mag., XXIV. 91, 1806).

Horus (the Egyptian deity Hôr), 14, 64

Hottinger, Johann Heinrich, “Bibliothecarius quadripartitus,” 1664, 40

Houtman and Davis, 563

Houzeau, Jean Charles, et Lancaster, Albert, “Bibliographie générale de l’Astronomie,” 20, 40, 54, 58, 63, 68, 75, 93, 94, 96, 97, 106, 115, 116, 122, 127, 134, 138, 142, 143, 147, 152, 158, 181, 267, 293, 304, 314, 335, 412, 432, 446, 462, 481, 501, 503, 505, 506, 507, 508, 510, 511, 515, 517, 519, 522, 527, 530, 531, 533, 536, 537, 540, 541

Howard, Luke (_at_ Wells, C. C., A.D. 1795), 323 (Phil. Mag., XVI. 97, 334, 1803; LVII. 81, 1821).

Howldy, Thomas (Phil. Mag., XLIII. 241, 363, 1814; XLVI. 401, 1815; XLVIII. 285, 1816; Phil. Mag. or Annals, I. 343, 1827), 427, 429

Hoy, James (Tilloch’s Phil. Mag., LI. 422, 1818), 308

Hubner, Lorenz (1753–1809), 272, 274 (_at_ Swinden, J. H. van, A.D. 1784), “Abhandlung ...” (Neue Philos. Abhand. d. Baier Akad. d. Wiss., II. 353–384).

Hudson, Thomas, “Electricity”: London, 1806.

Hues--Hood--Robert (1553–1632), _at_ 76, 109, 522; “On magnetic variations.”

Hufeland, C. W., “Journal de médecine pratique,” 304, 327, 333, 385

Hugenius. _See_ Huygens _below_.

Hughes de Bercy. _See_ Ugo di Bercy.

Hulme, N., “A continuation of the experiments ... Canton’s phosphorus,” 1801 (Phil. Trans, for 1800, part I. p. 161; for 1801, p. 403), 556

Hulsius, Levinus, “Descriptio et usus ...,” 1597, 71

Hultsch, Friedrich (_at_ Hero of Alexandria), 520

Humane Society, Transactions of, 238, 305

Humboldt, Friedrich Heinrich Alexander von (1769–1859), Aphorismi ex doctrina ... voyage ... dans les années, 1799–1804; “Asie Centrale (Central Asien) ... Recherches sur les chaines de montagnes ...”: Paris, 1843; Cosmos: Sketch of a physical description of the universe (this was translated into English by Lieut.-Col. Edward and Mrs. Sabine, also by H. Faye, by C. Galusky and by E. C. Otté); Examen critique de l’histoire de la géographie ... et des progrès de l’astronomie nautique: Paris, 1836–1837; Expériences sur le galvanisme. _See_ Jadelot, J. F. N., _at_ A.D. 1799; Kritische Untersuchungen; “Observations sur l’anguille électrique”: Paris, 1806; Relation historique du voyage aux régions equinoctiales; “Views of Nature ...,” translated by E. C. Otté and H. G. Bohn; “Versuche über der elektrischen fische”: Jena, 1806; Voyage zoologique. _See_ Klaproth.

Humboldt, F. H. A. von, and Biot, J. B. (Phil. Mag., XXII. 248, 249, 1815).

Humboldt, F. H. A. von, and Boupland, “Untersuchungen ...”: Paris, 1810.

Humboldt, F. H. A. von, and Gay-Lussac, L. J. (Phil. Mag., XXIII. 356, 1806). _See_ Copley Medal and the following reference numbers.

Humboldt, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 15, 20, 22, 23, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 42, 44, 53, 54, 55, 56, 59, 60, 63, 64, 66, 67, 69, 70, 77, 78, 82, 87, 88, 91, 92, 93, 96, 98, 113, 114, 115, 117, 118, 119, 129, 132, 137, 138, 140, 141, 142, 153, 157, 158, 165, 168, 193, 196, 207, 208, 230, 249, 254, 255, 262, 266, 270, 267, 277, 294, 299, 313, 314, 318, 321, 326, 327, 330, 335, 337, 344, 354, 380, 389, 393, 402, 412, 417, 419, 443, 444, 445, 446, 454, 460, 462, 476, 478, 479, 480, 481, 483, 498, 503, 510, 515, 521, 530, 537

Hume, David, “History of England,” 66, 522

Hunaci, A. (_at_ Aquinas, St. Thomas), 505

Hunt, Robert, F.R.S. _See_ Walker, William, Jr.

Hunter, George, of York (_at_ Fowler, Richard, A.D. 1793), 307

Hunter, John (1728–1793), 240, 279, 298, 299, 331, 436 (Phil. Trans., 1773, 1775; Opuscoli Scelti, XXII. 364).

Hutchins, Thomas (_at_ Lorimer, Dr. John, A.D. 1775), 243; “Expériences ... sur l’électricité galvanique ...” (Journ. de Chimie de Van Mons, No. VI. p. 289).

Hutchinson, Benjamin, “Biographia Medica ...,” 1799, 92

Hutton, Charles. _See_ Royal Society.

Hutton, Dr., of Woolwich, “Phil. and Math. Dictionary,” 54, 80, 220, 400, 462

Huxham, John (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308 (Phil. Trans., XLVI. 472).

Huxley, Leonard (_at_ Faraday, Michael, A.D. 1821), 499

Huxley, Prof. the Right Hon. Thomas Henry (1825–1895), “Science and Education”; “Science Culture,” 228, 499

Huygens--Huyghens--Huyhens--Hugenius--Christian (1529–1695), 151, 152, 235, 357

Hyde, Thomas (_at_ Zoroaster), 541

I

Iamblichus, Greek writer and head of Syrian Neoplatonism (fl. second century A.D.); Life of Pythagoras, 2, 515, 537

Iatromathematical School founded by Borelli, which became the Accademia del Cimento, 96

Ibn Ahmed, Ibn Roschd. _See_ Averroës.

Ibn Siná, Al Rayic. _See_ Avicenna.

Ibn Yahga. _See_ Avemplace.

Iceland spar and other crystals. _See_ references _at_ pp. 153 (Leméry, etc.), and _at_ pp. 355–357, Lehot, Huyghens, etc.

Ideler, Christian Ludwig (1766–1846), 521 (Pogg. Annalen, XXVI. 1832); “Handbuch der mathematischen und technischen chronologie.”

Idrisi. _See_ Edrisi.

“Iliad” of Homer, translation by Pope, 7

“Illustrated London News,” 440

“Il Nuovo Cimento, Giornale di fisica ...” _See_ Nuovo Cimento.

“Il Poligrafo, Giornale di scienze ...”: Verona, 420

Image du monde--Imago mundi--Mirroir du monde, 35

Imhof, Maximus (1758–1817), “Theoria electricitatis ...,” 1790 (Gilb., Ann., XVIII, 1804).

Imperial Cyclopædia, also English and Penny Cyclopædias and Mech. Dict. by Charles Knight, 4, 11, 18, 27, 29, 31, 56, 57, 59, 66, 69, 148, 277, 284, 335, 397, 440, 446, 475

“Imperial Dictionary of Universal Biography,” published by Wm. McKenzie, 82, 117, 129, 285

Imp. reale istituto veneto di scienze, lettere ed arte; “Atti delle adunanze”: Venezia. _See_ Perego, Antonio.

Inclination. _See_ Variation.

Inclination. Word introduced by Henry Bond to denote magnetic dip.

Inclinometer. _See_ Lloyd, Humphrey.

Indagine. _See_ Jæger, Johann Ludolph.

Index to the present work. _See_ Encyclopædia Britannica.

Indicator, galvano-magnetic, 412

Induction, magneto-electric, Faraday’s discovery, 484–487

Induction memoirs. _See_ Wurtmann, Elie François.

“Industrie Moderne:” Bruxelles, vii

Influence or induction machine, 337

Ingenhousz--Ingen-housz--Jan (1730–1799), 230, 239, 249, 251, 252, 256–258, 278, 280, 282, 299, 448 (Phil. Trans., 1775, 1778, 1779, 1780, 1788, 1789; Journal de Physique, XXXV. 1789).

“Ingénieur (L’), Electricien,” publication commenced in Paris during 1861.

Inglis, Gavin, theory of waterspouts (Phil. Mag., LIII. 216, 1818).

Ingram (_at_ Walsh, John, A.D. 1773), 240

Innocenti, G. (_at_ A.D. 1805), 393 (Nuova Scelta d’Opusc., II. 96, 1807).

Institut des mathématiques et physiques, 409

“Institut, L’,” publication commenced in Paris during 1833.

Institut National des Sciences et des Arts. Mémoires: Paris, 178, 228, 247, 248, 277, 284, 288, 318, 333, 335, 339, 349, 350, 351, 352, 354, 355, 375, 376, 377, 380, 386, 388, 389, 410, 412, 415, 454, 455, 462, 468, 477

Institution of Electrical Engineers, London, xiv. The “Journal” was commenced in 1872.

_Intensity_, the most important element of terrestrial magnetism, 76, 250. _See_ Borda.

“Internationale Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift und Bericht ueber die Elektrische Austellung”: Vienna, 1884.

International Encyclopædia (New), Dodd, Meade and Co.: New York, 34, 38, 39, 64, 92, 392, 445, 513

Invisible or Philosophical College, which has since become the Royal Society, 130

Ionian School (_at_ School of Athens), 542

Ionides, S. A. (_at_ Lully, Raymond, A.D. 1235–1315), 32

Ions, 391, 480

Irish Academy, Transactions, 263, 317, 419

Irish Royal Society, 419

Irvine, Christopher (1638–1685), “Medicina magnetica ...”: Edinburgh, 1656, 554

Irving, Washington (1783–1859), History of the life ... Columbus, 32, 66

Isidore--Isodorus Hispalensis (_c._ A.D. 560–636), Bishop of Seville from A.D. 600 to 630, “Originum sive Etymologiarum,” Lib. XX. 17, 18, 20

Islands of eruption, or marine volcanoes, 417

Isomerism (_at_ Mitscherlich, E., A.D. 1820), 471

Isomorphism discovered by Mitscherlich, 471

Istituto delle scienze ed. arti liberali: Bologna, 2 Vols. 1745–1748.

Istituto Nazion. Ital., 248

Istituto R. Lombardo-Veneto, Memorie, Giornale, Atti, etc. _See_ Lombardy, 141, 248, 257, 420

Italian Society, Memorie di matematica e fisica. _See_ Societa Italiana.

Ivory, Sir James (1765–1842). _See_ p. 645 of Cates’ Dictionary (Phil. Mag., LX. 81, 1822), 410

Izarn, Joseph (Giuseppe) (1766–1836), “Manuel du galvanisme”: Paris, 1805; “Lithologie atmosphériques ...”: 223, 275, 282, 306, 315, 349, 350, 355, 359, 366, 367, 376, 383, 391. _See_ Romagnosi, G. D., “Manuale del galvanismo”: Firenze, 1805.

J

J. G. S. (entered at A.D. 1707), 152

Jachim, George. _See_ Rhactius.

Jackson, A. V. W. (entered at Zoroaster), 541

Jackson, Benjamin Daydon, “Guide to the literature of Botany,” 153

Jackson, Charles Thomas (_b._ 1805), “Electro-magnetic telegraph”: Boston, 1849, 234

Jacobi, Joseph (1774–1813), “Elementi di Fisica ...”

Jacobi, Moritz Hermann von (1801–1874), 285; “On the application of electro-magnetism to the movement of machines”: London, 1837 (Bull. Phys. Math. du St. Petersburg, I. 129, 1842; II., 1844; Pogg. Annal., XL. 1837).

Jacopi, Joseph (1779–1813), 409

Jacopo. _See_ Riccati-Jacopo.

Jacotot, Pierre (1755–1821), 386

Jacquet de Malzet, Louis Sebastien (1715–1800), 387, 556

Jacquin, Nicolas Joseph Baron (1727–1817), 347, 422

Jadelot, J. Fr. Nicolas, was a son of the very celebrated doctor Nicolas Jadelot (1738–1793) and translated Humboldt’s work on galvanism (1738–1793), 326, 330

Jæger--Jäger--Johann Rudolph (Indagine) (1728–1787).

Jæger--Jäger--Karl Christopher Friedrich von, of Wurtemberg, 363, 408, 421

Jahrbuch der Chemie und physik.... _See_ Nürnberg, 416

Jal, Augustus (1795–1873), “Dictionnaire Critique de biographie et d’histoire,” 1867.

Jallabert, Giovanni Francisco (1689–1764), 263

Jallabert, Jean Louis (1712–1768), 179, 189, 209, 213, 229, 263, 385; “Expériences sur l’électricité ...”: Genève, 1748, and Paris, 1749 (Mémoires de Paris, 1742, 1748).

James I of England, 82

Jameson’s Journal, 498

Jameson, Prof. Robert, of Edinburgh (1774–1854), 296, 465. _See_ Edinburgh, Phil. Journal and New Phil. Journal.

Janet, Paul (_at_ Volta, Alessandro, A.D. 1775), 248

Janin de Combe Blanche, Jean (1730–1790), 304, 385

Japanese historical notes ... received about A.D. 543, “the wheel which indicates the South,” 27

Jaques de Vitry. _See_ Vitry, James.

Jayme, Juan, and Francisco Galli, test a new declinatorium, 78

Jeans, William T., “Lives of the electricians,” 1887.

Jebb, Dr. Samuel (1694–1772), “Fratris Rogeri Bacon, edidit Londini, 1733,” 42. _See_ p. 700 of the “Dict. of Nat. Biogr.,” 1908, Vol. X.

Jefferson, Thomas (1743–1826), 327–328

Jelgersma, W. B., “Specimen physicum ... electricitatem,” 1775, 556

Jelinek, C., “Beitrage ... meteorologischer apparate ...”: Wien, 1850 (Sitzungsbericht Wien Acad., V. 1850, II. Abtheil).

Jena--Iena--University, 403

Jenkin, Fleeming, “Précis of a lecture on construction of telegraphic lines ...”: London, 1863.

Jenkin, William (_at_ Faraday, Michael, A.D. 1821), 487

Jessen, F. E., “Norge” (_at_ Torfæus, Th., A.D. 1266), 45

Jessenius, John (_at_ Brahé, Tycho, A.D. 1601), 93

Jest, E. F., “Macchina ideo-elettrica d’Armstrong e sulla nuova pila di Bunsen”: Torina, 1844, 1845.

Jewett, Llewellyn (_at_ Wedgwood, Ralph, A.D. 1814), 429

Joachimus, Georgius, surnamed _Rhæticus_ (1514–1576), has many works on Copernicus (Hœfer, “Nouv. Biog. Gén.,” Vol. XXVI. 716–718).

Joannes a Trinitate, “Disputationes animasticæ ...,” 1713 [Aristotle].

Joannes ab Incarnatione, “Joannis Duns Scoti ... Sententiarum Petri Lombardi ...,” 1609.

Joannes Baptista Montanus. _See_ Montanus.

Joannes Baptista, “Philosophica Aristotelica Restituta,” 1748.

Joannes Baptista Porta. _See_ Porta.

Joannes Costæus. _See_ Costæus.

Joannes de Colonia, “Incipiunt questiones ...,” 1476 [Duns Scotus].

Joannes de Mechlinea, “Textus ... de anima Aristoteles ...,” 1491.

Joannes de Monte Regio, “Saphaeæ nobilis instrumenti astronomici,” 1534 [Müller, John, _Regiomontanus_].

Joannes de Rupeccissa, “Cœlum Philosophorum,” 1544; and “Liber ... lapidis philosophorum,” 1613, 1702 [Aquinas, St. Thomas].

Joannes de Sacro Bosco. _See_ Holywood, John.

Joannes Franciscus Fernelius. _See_ Fernel.

Joannes Franciscus Offusius. _See_ Offusius.

Joannes Gioia. _See_ Gioia.

Joannes Glozaviensis, “Introductorium ... sphere materialis ...,” 1518 [Holywood, John--Sacro Bosco].

Joannes Isaacus, _Hollandus_, “Opera mineralia ... sive de lapide philosophico ...,” 1616 (a hundred and fourteen experiments, 1596) [Paracelsus].

Joannes Langius. _See_ Langius.

Joannes Petrus, _Lucensis_, “Problemata Aristotelis ...,” 1501 [Alexander Aphrodiseus].

Joannes Scotus Erigena, “Ein beitrag zur geschichte der philosophic ... in Mittelalter”: München, 1861. _See_ Erigena.

Joannes Stobnicensis, “Introductio in Ptolemai Cosmographiam ...,” 1519 [Ptolemæus, Claudius].

Joannes Taisnier. _See_ Taisnier.

Jobert de Lamballe, Antoine Joseph (_b._ 1799), “Des Appareils ...”; “On medical electricity” (“Bulletin Général de thérapeutique,” Vol. XXIII.; “Nouvelle Biographie Générale,” XXVI. 769), 299, 300, 386

Jocher--Jœcher--Christian Gottlieb, “Compendiöses Gelehrten-Lexicon”: Leipzig, 1750, 71, 107

Jode, Cornelius de, 563

Jodoigne, Bouvier de (Van Mons’ Journal, Nos. XII. and XL.), 388

John II, King of Portugal (1455–1495), 67

John IV, King of Portugal (1604–1656), 135, 136–137

John of Holywood. _See_ Sacro Bosco.

John of London. _See_ Peckham, John.

John of Rochelle. (_d._ 1271), 38

Johnson, Alvin L., “New Universal Cyclopædia,” edited by Charles Kendall Adams, 5, 23, 38, 64, 78, 208, 284, 302, 310, 412, 446, 455, 462, 481, 487, 495

Johnson, E. J., “On the influence which magnetic needles exercise over each other” (Phil. Trans. for 1834).

Johnston, J., “Thaumatographia naturalis,” 1665, 554

Johnstone, James (_at_ Faraday, Michael, A.D. 1821), 498

Jones, Alexander, “Historical sketch of the electric telegraph,” 159

Jones, G., “Observations on the Zodiacal Light ...,” 1856.

Jones, Henry Bence. _See_ Royal Society, _also_ 498

Jones, H. Lewis, “Medical Electricity,” 183, 189

Jones, J. Winter (_at_ Varthema, L. di, A.D. 1502), 69

Jones, Prof. Stanley (_at_ Porta, Giambattista della, A.D. 1558), 72

Jones, Thomas, “On his reflecting compass” (Gilb., Annal, LIV. 197, 508).

Jones, William (1675(?)-1740), “Epitome of navigation....”

Jones, William (1726–1800), “Essay on electricity”: London, 1799, 281; Jones and Rittenhouse, 1793.

Jordan, C. J., “Engraving by galvanism” (Mechanics’ Magazine for June, 1839).

Jordan, Johann Ludwig (mentioned at A.D. 1812), 419

Josephus, Flavius (_b._ A.D. 37), 9

Joubert, Marcel (_at_ Faraday, Michael, A.D. 1821), 499

Joule, James Prescott (_b._ 1818), 346 (Ann. of Electricity, IV. 203, 1839; IV. 474, 1840; V. 187, 1840; V. 431, 1841; Phil. Mag., Ser. iii., XXIII. for 1843; Phil. Mag. for Oct., Dec. 1851 and Jan. 7, 1852).

Jourdain, Amable Louis M. M. Bréchillet (1738–1818), 11, 38

Jourdain, Charles Marie Gabriel Bréchillet (_b._ 1817), 11

Jourdain, M., “Sur les traductions d’Aristotle,” 36

Journal de Chimie.... _See_ Mons, J. B. van.

Journal de Chimie et d’histoire naturelle. _See_ Moll, Gerit.

Journal de Chimie--Physique, de Philippe--A. Guye: Genève, 392

Journal de la société de pharmacie, 285, 306, 363

Journal de L’Ecole Polytechnique. _See_ Ecole Polytechnique.

Journal de Leipzig, 248, 285

Journal de Litterature médicale, 241

Journal de Médecine, 249, 255, 326, 402, 556. _See also_ Bacher.

Journal de Paris, 265, 271, 284, 288, 300, 342, 351

Journal de Pharmacie, 493

Journal de Physiologie, 325

Journal de Physique. _See_ Rozier, Monge; de la Méthérie; begun as “Introdn. sur la physique,” 140, 198, 201, 207, 218, 224, 229, 235, 240, 241, 243, 248, 249, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 266, 271, 273, 274, 275, 277, 279, 280, 281, 284, 285, 288, 292, 295, 298, 300, 302, 303, 304, 306, 313, 320, 324, 326, 328, 329, 330, 337, 341, 349, 350, 351, 355, 362, 375, 376, 379, 383, 388, 394, 401, 402, 416, 431, 453, 476, 556, 557

Journal der Chemie. _See_ Gehlen, A. F.

Journal der Physik, von Friedrich Albert Carl Gren (1760–1798): Halle, Leipzig, 1790–1794; continued as Neues Journal der Physik, von F. A. C. Gren: Leipzig, 1795–1797; continued as Annalen der Physik, von (F. A. C. Gren) L. W. Gilbert: Halle, 1797–1808; Neue Folge, 1809–1818, Neueste Folge, 1819–1824; continued as Annalen der Physik (und Chemie), von J. C. Poggendorff: Leipzig 1824–1877, etc. “Journal für Chemie und Physik ...,” edited by J. J. Bernhardi, C. F. Bucholz ..., J. S. C. Schweigger and Dr. Meinecke: Nürnberg, 1811–1820, 220, 248, 249, 271, 284, 293, 303, 316, 320, 335, 449

Journal des Débats, 224, 377

Journal des Mines, 288, 314, 324, 388, 415

Journal des Savants--Sçavans. _See_ Annales des Sciences, viii, x, xvii, 11, 16, 20, 24, 26, 32, 33, 37, 39, 40, 42, 43, 54, 55, 61, 65, 75, 91, 93, 94, 96, 105, 117, 121, 122, 125, 127, 129, 130, 134, 140, 143, 144, 151, 152, 153, 155, 162, 166, 171, 178, 183, 187, 189, 199, 204, 214, 229, 233, 235, 242, 247, 262, 280, 300, 322, 355, 370, 371, 375, 380, 389, 462, 476, 505, 508, 510, 514, 517, 520, 521, 522, 526, 533, 536, 538

Journal des travaux de l’académie de l’industrie française, 421

Journal du galvanisme. _See_ Nauche, J. L.

Journal Encyclopédique. _See_ Bologna.

Journal für die chemie und pharmacie. _See_ Gehlen, A. F. von.

Journal für die chemie und physik. _See_ Gehlen, A. F. von, _at_ Scherer, A. N.

Journal für chemie und physik. _See_ Gren as above, likewise Scherer, Schweigger, _also_ Nürnberg.

Journal für praktische chemie. _See_ Erdmann, Scherer, _also_ Nürnberg.

Journal littéraire à la Haye, 155

Journal littéraire de Berlin, 263

“Journal of Arts and Sciences.” _See_ Newton’s.

Journal of British Astronomical Association, 93

Journal of natural philosophy, chemistry and the Arts, by William Nicholson, publication commenced in London during 1797. After Vol. 36, it was incorporated with the Phil. Mag. _See_ p. 548.

Journal of physiological medicine, 499

Journal of science and the arts. _See_ Dublin, _also_ Quarterly Journal, _likewise_ Royal Institution, 418, 437

Journal of the British Astronomical Association, 93

Journal of the (British) Royal Institute. _See_ London.

Journal of the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania, edited by F. P. Jones and others, 27, 81, 199. _See_ Franklin Institute.

Journal of the Horticultural Society, 257

Journal of the Royal Institution, 322

Journal of the Society of Arts: London. _See_ Society of Arts.

Journal of the Society of Telegraph Engineers, 440, 455

Journal of the Telegraph, 440

“Journal Télégraphique,” publication commenced at Berne during 1869.

Jove--Jovius--Paul--Paolo Jovio (1483–1552), Italian historian, 58, 211, 506, 507. _See_ Moreri, L., Grand Dictionnaire, Vol. V. Pt. I, pp. 160–161.

Joyce, Jeremiah (1763–1816).

Jukes, J. Beete (_at_ Mitscherlich, E., A.D. 1820), 471

Julia-Fontenelle, Jean Simon Sébastien Eugène de (1780–1842), “Manuel de l’électricité”; “Sur les combustions humaines spontanées”; “Manuel de Physique,” 329

Julio. _See_ Giulio. Bibliothèque Italienne, 5 Vols., by Gioberti, Vassalli-Eandi and Rossi.

Julius Cæsar Moderatus.

Julius Cæsar Scaliger. _See_ Scaliger.

Jungnitz, L. A., “Aphorismen über d. lehre von d. Elektricität”: Breslau, 1794, 1796.

Junoblowiskiana Society, 285, 302, 303

Jurine, Louis (1751–1819), 331

Justin of Nassau Court and Olden Barnevelt, 518

K

Kaempfer, Engebrecht (1651–1716), 149, 230, 240

Kaemtz--Kamtz--Ludwig Friedrich (1801–1867), 185, 195, 249, 257, 308, 414, 416, 417; “Lehrbuch der meteorologie,” “Untersuchungen ...,” 1826 (Schweigg. Journ., XXXVIII. 1823; XLV. 1825; LIII. and LXI. 1828 and 1831; LVI. 1829; Phil Mag., LXII. 441; Mém. des Sar. Etrang., Vol. VI.; Bull. Phys. Math. Acad. St. Petersb., VII. 1849).

Kaestner, Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb--Kastner, Christian--(1783–1857), 220, 314, 408, 529; “Archives für ... naturlehre,” 18 Vols.: Nürnberg, 1824, 1829; “Archives für ... meteorologie,” 1830; “Medicin Gelehrte-Lexikon.”

Kahm--Kalm--P. (mentioned at Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308 (Schwedische Akad. Abhandl., an 1752, p. 153).

Kai-bara--Tok-sin, shows in the “Wa-zi-si” that the first magnetic cars were constructed in Japan during A.D. 658, 27

Kapp, Friedrich, “Geschichte ...,” 508

Karlsruhe Polytechnische Schule.

Karsten, Carl Johann Bernhard (1782–1853), 511; “Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Physik”: Leipzig, 1856.

Karsten, Gustav (_b._ 1820), “Allgemeine Physik.” One of the editors of Vol. I. of the “Allg. Encycl. d. Physik.”

Karsten, Wenceslaus Johann Gustav (1732–1787), Anleitung ... Kenntn. d. Natur, 1783.

Kast, Johann Joachim, “Questionum decades duæ de magnete”: Strasburg, 1683.

Kastner--Kästner--Abraham G., “Geschichte der mathematik,” 93, 96, 115, 117, 147, 538, 541

Kazwini. _See_ Zakarizā.

Keferstein--Kefferstein--W., and Kupffer, D., 300

Keill, John (1671–1721), “Introductiones ad veram physicum,” 151, 163

Keir--Kier--James (Phil. Trans. for 1776) (1735–1820), 297

Keiser (_at_ Zamboni, Giuseppe, A.D. 1812), 420

Kelland, Rev. P. (_at_ Young, Thomas, A.D. 1807), 395

Kelly, John, Rector of Copford, “The life of J. Dollond ... inventor of the achromatic telescope,” 214

Kelsch, M. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793) 308 (Commerc. Litt. Norimb., 1734).

Kelvin, Lord. _See_ Thomson, Sir William.

Kemp, M., “Description of a non-galvanic pile ...,” 1828 (Jameson’s Journ., VI.).

Kempe, Rev. J. E. (_at_ Oersted, H. C., A.D. 1820), 455

Kempelen, Wolfgang von, 171

Kendall--Kendal--Abram--Abraham--English navigator, 69, 76, 522

Keou-tsoungchy, writes the earliest known description of a water compass, 29

Kepler, Johann (1571–1630), 92, 93, 95, 141, 208, 266, 484, 508; “Stella Martis,” “Epitome Astronomiæ Copernicanæ ...,” 1635. _See_ Moreri, L., “Dictionnaire Historique ...,” Vol. V. Pt. 2, p. 21; Wundt, “Philosophische Studien,” Index, p. 34.

Kerckring, Theodor. _See_ Kirckringius.

Kerner, T. (_at_ Aldini, G., A.D. 1793), 305

Kerr, Robert (1755–1813), 297

Kew Observatory (_at_ Ronalds, Sir Francis, A.D. 1816), 440

Kiel University (_at_ Pfaff, C. H., A.D. 1821), 483

Kielmayer--Kielmaier--Karl Friedrich (1765–1844), 284, 302, 326; “Dissertatio sistens ... de electricitate et galvanismo”: Tubingen, 1802; “Examen experimentorum ... effectus magnetis ...”: Tubingen, 1813.

Kienmayer, Franz von (_d._ 1802), “Sur une nouvelle manière de préparer l’amalgame electrique ...”: Paris, 1788 (Jour. de Phys., XXXIII. 1788, 97; Opusc. Scelti, XII. 3, 1789).

Kierski, M. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386; “Dissertatio de electricitatis ...”: Berolini, 1854.

Kies, Johann (1713–1871), “De effectibus electricitatis ...”: Tubingen, 1775.

Kiesser (Archiv., IV. 62), 401

Kilian, Franz M. (_at_ Aldini, G., A.D. 1793), 306

King, Rev. C. W., “Antique gems,” 18, 526

King-che-so, the oldest known monument of sculptured stone, 3

King, Edward, “Remarks concerning stones said to have fallen from the clouds, both in these days and in ancient times”: London, 1796.

King’s College, Cambridge, 549

Kingsley, Charles (_at_ Plotinus of Alexandria), 534

Kingsley and Silliman, “An account of meteoric stones ...” (Phil. Mag., XXX. 232, 1808; Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., O.S. vi., Pt. II. 1818).

Kin-Koung-yuan, the name of the magnetic cars first made in A.D. 806–820, 27, 28

Kinnersley, Ebenezer (1711–1778), 221–223, 228, 234, 320, 367, 379; “New experiments in electricity” (Phil. Trans. for 1763); “On some electrical experiments with charcoal” (Phil. Trans. for 1773).

“Kiobenhaven Selskab. Skrifter som udi ... ere Tremlagde,” 1745.

Kippingius, Henricus (_d._ 1678), “Antiq. Rom. de Exped. Mar.,” 5. _See_ p. 32 of Moreri, L., “Grand Dictionnaire ...,” Vol. V.

Kippis, Andrew, “Biographia Britannica”: London, 1793.

Kirby, Thomas, “Analysis of electricity and fire ...,” 1777.

Kircher, Athanasius (1601–1680), 5, 18, 53, 63, 120–121, 125, 130, 146, 160; “Ars magnetis ... prodigiosis effectibus magnetis,” 1631; “Magnes, sive de arte magnetica,” 1641, 1643, 1654; “Prælusiones magneticæ” (Pogg. I. 1259), 1645; “Magneticum naturæ regnum,” 1667. _See_ pp. 32–33, 63 of Moreri, L., “Grand Dictionnaire ...,” Vol. V.

Kirchhoff--Kirchoff--Gustav Robert (1824–1877), Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand (1821–1894), and Siemens, Ernst Werner (1816–1892), “Verhandlungen der Kgl. Preussischen Akademie ...”: Berlin, 1880. An important paper on lightning conductors.

Kirchhoff--Kirchoff--Nicolaus Anton Johann (1725–1800), “Zarüstung, die Wirkung ...” (Gött. Mag., T. I. 1780, St. ii. pp. 322–326).

Kirchmaier, Georg Caspar (1635–1700), “De fulmine et tonitru,” 1659; “De luce, igne ac perennibus lucernis”: Viteberg, 1676, 1677 (Miscell. Acad. Nat. Cur. 1677 and 1685, Pogg. I. 1261, 1676–1693).

Kirchmaier, Sebastian, “De filis meteoricis ...”: Viteberg, 1666.

Kirchmaier, Theodor, “De virgula divinatrice” (Pogg. I. 1262), 1678, 401

Kirchner, Carl (_at_ Plotinus of Alexandria), 534

Kirkringius--Kirckring--Theodor “... spicilegium anatomicum,” 147

Kirkwood, Daniel, “Meteoric Astronomy,” 1867.

Kirwan, Richard (1733–1812), 263 (Phil. Mag., XXXIV. 247, 1809).

Kirwanian Society of Dublin, 418, 419

Kjobenhavn, “Nyt bibliothek fer physik ...,” 453, 455

Kjobenhavn, “Oversigt over det ... forhandlinger ...,” 453, 454

Klaproth, Julius (1783–1835), “Lettre à Mr. de Humboldt sur l’invention de la boussole”: Paris, 1834, 1, 3, 5, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 43, 54, 56, 61, 69, 72, 77, 115, 153

Klaproth, Martin Heinrich (1743–1817), 315; “Des masses pierreuses et métalliques tombées de l’atmosphère” (Mém. de l’Acad. R. de Berlin, for 1803; Gehlen, Jour. f. Chem. v. Physik, VIII. 1809).

Klein, G., 284, 305, 326, 385 (Mém. de la Soc. de Haarlem, Vol. I.).

Klein, S., “Dissertatio” (_at_ Avicenna), 40

Kleist, E. C. von (_at_ Plotinus of Alexandria), 534

Kleist, Ewald Georg von (_d._ 1748), inventor of the Leyden phial. [_See_ note in Ronalds’ Catalogue, p. 268, _also_ Nos. 323 and 460 of the Catalogue of the Wheeler Gift, edited by Wm. D. Weaver. _See likewise_ the Cunæus entry herein], 173–175

Klenke (_at_ Humboldt, F. H. A., A.D. 1799), 335

Klindworth, J. A., 249

Klingenstierna--Klingensternia--Samuel, Swedish mathematician (1689–1765); “Dissertatio de electricitate,” 1740, 1742; “Tal om de naysta zön vid electriciteten,” 1755, 187

Klingenstierna, S., and Brande, W. T., “Dissertatio de magnetismo artificiale,” 1752.

Klinkosch, Joseph Thaddäus (1734–1778), 274, 387 (“Mém. de l’Acad. de Prague,” III. 218).

Kloerich, F. W., “Versuche über d. Wirkungen d. Magnets ...”: Göttingen, 1765, 246

Kluge, Karl Alexander Ferdinand, animal magnetism: Amsterdam, 1812 (in “Proeve eener voorstellung ...”).

Klugel, Georg Simon (1739–1812), 326

Knight, Charles, Cyclopædia (1791–1873). _See also_ English Cyclopædia, Imperial Cyclopædia, Penny Cyclopædia, Mechanical Dictionary, 4, 11, 18, 27, 29, 31, 56, 57, 59, 66, 69, 148, 277, 284, 335, 397, 440, 446, 475

Knight, Gowin (1713–1772), 180, 190, 265, 272, 276 (Phil. Trans., XLIII. 161, 361; XLIV. 656).

Knockenhauer, Karl Wilhelm (_b._ 1805), 476 (Sitzungsberichten d. Wien Acad. I. 1852; XV. 1855; XXVII. 1857), “Uber die gesetze des magnetismus nach Ampère’s theorie” (Poggendorff Annalen, XXXIV. 481).

Knox, Dr. Robert (_at_ Bancroft, E. N., A.D. 1769), 230

Koate, President of the London College of Surgeons, 304

Kobell, Franz von (_b._ 1803), “Die Galvanographie ...,” 1842, 1846 (Schweigg. Journ., LXIV. 1832; Gelehrt Anzeig d. Münch. Acad. 1834, 1843, 1850).

Kœnen, Hendrik Jakob (_at_ Grotius, Hugo), 518

Kœnio, H., “Fulminum theoria meteor ...,” 1631, 553

Koestlin--Koeslin--Carl Heinrich, “Examen ... effectus magnetis ...,” 1813, 243

Kohl, Fred. Georg (_at_ Brugmans, Anton, A.D. 1778), 255

Kohl, Dr. Johann Georg, collection of early maps, 62, 63, 533, 562

Kohlrausch, R. H. (Pogg. Annal., LXXII. 1847 to XCVIII. 1856); “Theory of the electric residue in the Leyden Jar”: London, 1854.

Kohlrausch, R. H., and Weber, Wm. Ed., 489; “Elektrodynamische Maasbestimmungen ...,” 1856.

Kohlreif, G. A. (_at_ Lavoisier, A. L., A.D. 1781), 262

“Kön. baïerische akademie der wissenschaften,” 383

“Kongl. svenska vetenskaps Academien,” Handlingar, Stockholm, p. 168, 453

Konversations-Lexikon. _See_ Brockhaus, Meyers, “Conversations.”

Kopp, J. H., “Dissertatio ... causis combustionis spontaneæ in corpore humano pactæ,” 1800.

Koten, J. H. van, “De galvanische stroom ...”: Amsterdam, 1856.

Koupho, Chinese physicist, discourse on the loadstone, 23

Krafft, Georg Wolfgang (1701–1754), is the author of “Prælectiones in physicam theoreticam,” “Observationes meteorologicæ ...,” “De viribus attractionis magneticæ experimenta,” 140, 308, 554

Krafft, Wolfgang Ludwig (1743–1814), 141, 249, 257, 308, 402; “Tentamen theoriæ electrophori,” 1778 (Novi Comment. Acad. Petropol., XV. 586; XVII. 695; XIX. 610; Acta Petrop., 1778).

Krais, J., translator of Lucanus’ “Pharsalia,” 140

Kramer, G. E., Über telegraphen--schreib apparate, 1851 (Dingler’s Polytech. Journ., CXIX. and CXXI. for 1851).

Kramer, G. E., and Belli, Giuseppe, “Sulla produzione dell’ Ozono ...,” 1844, 1845.

Kratzenstein, Christian Gottlieb (1723–1795), 170–172, 213; “Theoria electricit. more geometrico explicata”: Halle, 1746.

Krayenhoff, Cornelius Rudolph Theodor van (1758–1840), and Van Troostwijk, A. P., “De l’appl. de l’électricité ...,” 1788, 385

Kreil, Karl (_b._ 1798), “Jahrbücher ... für Meteorologie und Erdmagnetismus von Kreil,” “Magnetische und geographische ...,” 1846, 1855, 1862 (Sitzungsberichte d. Wien Acad., III. 1849; IV. 1850; VIII. and IX. 1852; XXXVI., No. 16).

Kries, Friedrich Christian (1768–1849), “Von d. magnet. Erscheinungen,” 1827.

Krische, August Bernhard (_at_ Heraclides), 519

Kruger, Georg (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Kruger, Johann Gottlob (1715–1759), 174; “Diss. de electricitatis Musschenbroekianæ ...,” 1756.

Krunitz, Johann Georg (1728–1796), 298, 326, 385, 556; “Verzeichnis der vornehmsten schriften der electricität und den electrischen curen,” 1769.

Krunitz--Kirtz--Johann Georg (1728–1796), 298, 385

Krziwaneck, J., “De electricitate ...,” 1839, 328

Ktesias. _See_ Ctesias.

Kuhlmann, Quirinus (1652–1689), “Kircheriana de arte magna sciendi ...”: London, 1681.

Kuhn (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386

Kuhn--Kuehn--Karl (1816–1869), “Handbuch der angewandten elektricitätslehre ...”: Leipzig, 1866, 264, 385, 413, 420

Kuhn--Kuehn--Karl Gottlob (1754–1840), “Traité de l’électricité,” 1771; “Die nuest. Entdeckungen ... elektricität ...,” 1796, 1797.

Kung-foo-Whing is said to have invented a method of transmitting sound through wires by the _thumthsein_, A.D. 968, 28

Kupffer--Kupfer--Adolpte Theodor (_b._ 1799), “Annales de l’Observatoire physique central de l’empire de Russie ...,” 1850–1859.

Kupffer--Kupfer--D., and Keferstein, W. (_at_ Shaw, John, A.D. 1791), 300

L

La Beaume, Michael, “Du galvanisme”: Paris, 1828, 330, 385

“La Bible” of Guyot de Provins, 30

La Boissière, “Notice sur les travaux ...,” 10

Laborde, Jean Baptiste de (_d._ 1777), “Le clavecin électrique,” 1761, 555

La Caille (_at_ Lambert, J. H., A.D. 1766–1776), 225

Lacépède, Bernard Germain Etienne de la Ville, Comte de (1756–1825), “Essai sur l’électricité naturelle et artificielle,” 2 Vols. 1781, 273, 556

Lachmann, M. (_at_ Haüy, René, A.D. 1787), 288

La Condamine, Charles Marie de (1701–1774), 165

La Coste, Christophile de, 516

La Croix, Paul, “Science and literature of the middle ages,” 54, 540

Lacque, Du (_at_ Milly, N. C. De Thy, A.D. 1771), 235

Lactantius, Lucius Cœlius Firmianus (died _c._ A.D. 325–326), “Divinarum Institutionum,” 523–525

Lacy, H. de, “Du galvanisme médical...,” 1849, 330

Laet, Jan de (1593–1640), “De gemmis et lapidibus,” 1647, 17

“La France littéraire, ou Dictionnaire Bibliographique des Savants,” par Joseph M. Quérard, 59

Lagos, Vincente Rodriguez de (sixteenth to seventeenth century), 69

La Grande Encyclopédie. _See_ Larousse, Pierre, _also_ Berthelot, M. P. E.

Lagrange, Joseph Louis, Comte de, Membre de l’Institut, F.R.S. (1736–1813), 116, 133, 224, 318, 409, 462. _See_ Wundt, Wilhelm, “Philosophische Studien,” Index, pp. 35–36.

Lagrange, La Place, etc., “Rapport sur un nouveau télégraphe des citoyens Bréguet, L. F. C., et Bétancourt”: Paris, 1798.

La Grave--Lagrave, 304, 419; “Expériences galvaniques...,” (Journal de Physique, an XI, pp. 159, 233, 472).

La Hire, Philippe de, “...New sort of magnetical compass...,” (Phil. Trans. for 1687, p. 344), 141, 144, 145, 148, 268

Lalande--La Lande--Joseph Jérome le François de (1732–1807), 95, 233, 300, 301, 477 (Journal des Savants, Nov. 1792); “Abrégé de l’astronomie.” _See_ “Bibliographie Astronomique.”

“La Lumière Electrique,” publication commenced in Paris during 1879, vii, 24, 140, 154, 199, 208, 224, 269, 361, 416, 422, 455, 470, 476, 481, 499

Lamanon, Robert de Paul, Chevalier de (1752–1787), 250

Lamartillière (_at_ Aldini, G., A.D. 1793), 305

Lamballe. _See_ Jobert de Lamballe.

Lambert, A. J. (_at_ Chladni, E. F. F., A.D. 1794), 314

Lambert, Alexandre, “Historique de la télégraphie ... ses systèmes divers”: Paris, 1862.

Lambert, Johann Heinrich (1728–1777), 156, 220, 224–225, 309, 315, 444

Lambeth Palace, 329

Lamé, Gabriel (_b._ 1795), “Cours de physique de l’Ecole Polytechnique,” 2 Vols. 1837, 195

La Méthérie, Jean Claude de (1743–1817), 261, 270, 281–282, 299, 303, 435 (Journal de Physique, XLII. 252; LIII. and LIV.; Annali di Chim. di Brugnatelli, XIX. 156, 1802).

Lamirault, H., et Cie., 14, 80

Lamont, Johann (1805–1879), 71, 233, 275; “Handbuch des magnetismus” (Allgem. Encyclop. der Physik, XV. 1867); “Annalen für meteorologie ...”: Munchen, 1842; “Magnetismus der erde”: Berlin, 1846.

Lamotte-Fouqué, Frederic Henri Charles, Baron de (1777–1843), 75

Lampadius, Wilhelm August (1772–1842), “Versuche und Beobachtungen über die elektricität ...,” 1793, 1804.

“Lamp of Life,” 104

Lamy, François (1636–1711), “Conjectures physiques ...,” 1689.

Lana-Lanis--Franciscus de--Lana Terzi--Pertius de Lanis (1631–1687), 53, 110, 554. _See_ p. 718, Cates’ Dictionary.

“La Nature,” 171, 260

“Lancet,” 97

Lancetti, Vincenzio, “Biographia Cremonese”: Milano, 1819–1822, 71

Landnama-Bok--Landnamabok, 28

Lando. _See_ Mongiardini.

Landriani, G. B., “Nova electricitatis theoria ...,” 1755, 555

Landriani, Marsiglio (_d._ 1816 ...), 278, 284; “On an improved electrophorus” (Scelta d’Opuscoli, 12 mo., XIX. 73, 1776); (Mayer’s Samml. “Phys. Aufsäge der Gesellsch. Böhmischer Naturf,” III.) Letters from Van Marum in 1789 and 1791.

Lane, Timothy (1734–1807), 228, 282; “On the magnetic attraction of oxides of iron” (Phil. Mag., XXIII. 253); Description of Mr. Lane’s electrometer (Phil. Trans., LVII. 451, 1768).

Lang, Andrew, “Sagas of the Kings of Norway,” 115

Lang, Victor von (Sitzungb. Wien. Acad., XXXI. No. 18, 1858; LIX. 1869).

Langbein, Dr. Geo., “A complete treatise on the electro-deposition of metals,” 24

Langenbucher, Jacob (_at_ Gay-Lussac, J. L., A.D. 1804), 389

Langius, Joannes, “Epistolorum medicinalium,” 1589, 17, 27, 82

Langworthy, Charles Cunningham, “View of the Perkinian electricity,” 1798, 328

Lanis, P. Francisci Tertii de, 53, 110

La Pérouse--Jean François de Galaup, Comte de (_b._ 1741), 249

La Péyrouse--Pérouse--Philippe (1744–1818), “Description d’un météore ...” (Toulouse Academy, 1^{ere} Série IV. 189, 1790), 250

Lapide Bononiensi: Mentzel, Chn., 1673; Montalbani, Ovido, 1634; Licetus, 1640; Mentzel, 554

Lapis electricus of Linnæus, 13, 153

Lapis fulminaris, 218

Lapis heracleus, 15

Lapis herculaneus, 15

Lapis lyncurius, 13, 218

La Place, Capt. Cyrille Pierre Théodore (_b._ 1793), 462

La Place, Pierre Simon, Marquis de (1749–1827), 96, 141, 247, 261, 262, 318, 344, 349, 377, 378, 386, 409, 416, 426, 459, 460–462, 463, 475, 480. _See_ Wundt, Wilhelm, “Philosophische Studien,” Index, pp. 35–36.

La Place, P. S., and Lavoisier, A. L. (Mémoires de Paris for 1781), 462

Larcher, Cassius, Daubancourt, and Zanetti, F. M., 306 (Ann. de Chim., XLV. 195).

Lardner, Dionysius (1793–1859), “Manual of electricity ...”; “Handbooks of Electricity, etc.”; “Lectures on Science and Art”; Cabinet Library, 12 Vols.; Cabinet Cyclopædia, 134 Vols., 8, 10, 80, 115, 138, 157, 207, 227, 336, 339, 347, 379, 390, 392, 417, 455, 473, 476

Lardner, Nathaniel (1684–1768), “Credibility of the gospel history ...,” 25

La Rive, Auguste Arthur De (_b._ 1801), “Recherches sur la cause de l’électricité ...”; “Essai historique”; “Traité d’électricité ...”; “A treatise on electricity ...,” 1853, 1856, 1858; “Archives de l’électricité; supplément à la Bibliothèque Universelle De Genève” (Ann. de Chimie, XXXVII. 225, 1828; Phil. Mag. or Annals, III. 151, _also_ the Quarterly Journal, XXXV. 161, 1828; Phil. Trans, for 1847; pt. 1, 10, 107, 139, 140, 185, 259, 263, 292, 300, 305, 308, 321, 330, 347, 352, 359, 365, 384, 385, 387, 391, 406, 407, 418, 420, 434, 441, 454, 472, 473, 476, 491, 495

La Rive and Marcet (Geneva, Soc. de Phys., VI. 503, 1833).

Larousse, Pierre Athanase (1817–1875), “Grand Dictionnaire Universel du XIX^e siècle ... Biographie, etc.”; “Revue Encyclopédique,” 2, 10, 21, 38, 41, 45, 64, 65, 68, 69, 80, 81, 91, 94, 97, 98, 103, 105, 106, 107, 109, 114, 117, 120, 121, 122, 127, 128, 130, 132, 148, 149, 158, 190, 253, 255, 259, 282, 286, 288, 289, 294, 295, 296, 306, 324, 350, 353, 359, 361, 367, 376, 383, 385, 386, 387, 402, 408, 409, 414, 420, 424, 428, 456, 464, 471, 483, 498, 501, 502, 505, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 519, 520, 521, 525, 526, 527, 529, 531, 532, 533, 534, 536, 538, 539, 540

Larousse, Pierre, “La Grande Encyclopédie,” 31 Vols. 1886–1903; “Le Nouveau Larousse” (Claude Augé), 1, 2, 14, 20, 31, 33, 34, 38, 39, 41, 44, 79, 80, 81, 91, 94, 97, 117, 122, 141, 148, 166, 170, 196, 208, 211, 236, 259, 262, 264, 370, 400, 434, 506, 509, 511, 513, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 526, 528, 530, 531, 532, 540

Larrey, Dominique Jean, Baron de (1776–1842) (Acad. des Sciences, XVIII. 417).

Larrey, Felix Hippolyte, Baron de (1810–1852), 284

La Rue, W. de, “On the structure of electro-precipitated metals” (Journal of the Chemical Society, article CXXX. p. 300).

Las Casas, Barthélémy de (1474–1566), 66

Lassell, J. and C. (_at_ Humboldt, Alex von), 335

Lassone, Jean Joseph Marie François de, 263, 385 (Recueil sur l’électricité medicale, I. 245, 1763).

Lasthenia, one of the most distinguished disciples of Plato (born _c._ 420 B.C.), 543

Latini, Brunetto (1230–1294), “Les livres dou Trésor,” XIX.; “Il Tesoro,” 1474. Ronalds says it “contains one of the oldest documents on the knowledge in Europe of the compass.”

Laugier, André (1770–1832), on meteoric stones (Phil. Mag., XXVI. II; LVI. 157; Annales de Ch., LVIII. 261; Ann. de Ch. et de Phys., XIII. 441).

Laurencin, Paul, “Le Télégraphe,” 12, 264

Lausanne, Mémoires de la Société Physique de Lausanne, 91, 293

Lautz, G. (_at_ Lynschoten, J. H. van), 526

Laverine (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N., A.D. 1799) (Opusc. Scelti, XXII. 132, 1803), 330

Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent (1743–1794), 236, 261–262, 263, 297, 355, 386, 416, 426, 429, 461, 462; “Opuscules physiques et chimiques,” 1774, 1801. _See_ La Place, P. S., “Traité élémentaire de chimie ... dans un ordre nouveau ...,” 2 Vols. 1789, 1801.

Law, Alexander (_at_ A.D. 1808), 400

Law, Dr. (_at_ A.D. 1675), 133

Lawrence, R. M., 330, 386, “On the application of electricity ...,” 1853; “Galvanism, its medical application and uses,” 1857.

Lawrence, Sir Edwin Durning, xii

Leader, John Temple (_at_ Kendall, A.), 523

Lebailif--Lebaillif (_at_ Faraday, Michael, A.D., 1821), 494

Le Bas. _See_ Dictionnaire Encyclopédique de la France.

Le Blanc, Richard (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803, and _at_ Cardanus, H.), 385, 507

Le Bouvier-Desmortiers, Urbain René Thomas (1739–1827), 410. _See_ Desmortiers.

Le Breton, “Histoire” (_at_ St. Elmo, A.D. 304), 24, 229

Le Breton, Mme. J., “Hist. et Appl. de l’électricité,” 1884, 268, 454

Le Brun (_at_ Journal des Savants), 551

Le Brun, Pierre (1661–1729), 148, 401

Le Cat, Claude Nicolas (1700–1768), “Mémoire sur l’électricité,” 1746, 128, 178

Lechman, M. (1707–1778), on the tourmaline (_at_ Æpinus, F. M. U. T., A.D. 1759), 218, 287

Leclerc, Jean Georges Louis, Comte de Buffon (1707–1788), “Histoire naturelle,” 127 Vols.; “Histoire des Minéraux,” 5 Vols.; “Théorie de la Terre,” 1, 7, 30, 33, 37, 55, 60, 61, 161, 200, 218, 259, 299, 320, 332, 359

Leclerc, Lucien, “Histoire de la médecine arabe,” 541

Lecluse--Lescluse--Charles de (1524–1609).

Le Comus. _See_ Le Dru.

“Le Cosmos,” Paris, 57, 115, 134, 140, 209, 264, 302, 365, 401, 440

“Le Courrier du Livre,” 32

Lectures on Electricity. _See_ Sturgeon, William.

Le Dru, Nicholas Philippe--called Le Comus, Le Camus, also Cosnier (1731–1807), 224, 229, 235, 385; Cosnier (Le Dru), Maloet, Darcet and others are named in report made in Paris during 1783.

Lee, Sidney. _See_ “Dictionary of National Biography.”

Leeson, “Experiments ... electro-chemical decomposition of water ...” (Ann. of Elect., IV. 238), 337

Lefevre-Gineau, Louis (1751–1829), 389

Lefroy, J. H. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308 (Phil. Mag., 3rd Series, XXXVI. 457, 1850).

Lefroy, J. H., and Richardson, Sir John, “Magnetical and Meteorological Observations ...”

“Le Globe,” 412

Le Grave (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N., A.D. 1799), 330

Legros and Onimus (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386

Le Hardy, Major Charles, 399

Lehmann, Johann Gottlob (_d._ 1767), “Abhandlung von Phosphoris,” “Von magnet Theilen im Sande” (Mém. de la Soc. de Haarlem, XI. Pt. I. 1769), 273

Lehmann, Otto, of Karlsruhe, “Die elektrischen lichterscheinungen ...”

Lehot, C. J., “Observations sur le galvanisme et le magnétisme” (Jour. de Phys., an 9, LII. 135, 1801), 270, 348, 355, 419

Lehre von der Electricität. _See_ Wiedemann, Gustav.

Lehre von Galvanismus und Electro-Magnetismus. _See_ Wiedemann, Gustav.

Lehrbuch der Allgemeine Chemie. _See_ Ostwald, F. W.

Lehrbuch der Chemie, 5 Vols. Leipzig, 1848. _See_ Berzelius, J. J. F. von.

Lehrbuch der Komischen Physik. _See_ Muller, J. H. J.

Lehrbuch der Meteorologie. _See_ Kaemtz, L. F.

Lehrbuch der Physik und Meteorologie. _See_ Müller-Pouillet.

Lehrbuch der Physik zum Gebrauche: Mannheim, 1836. _See_ Eisenlohr, W.

Lehrbuch der Physiologie des Mens Körpers: Erlangen, 312

Leibnitz--Leibniz--Gottfried Wilhelm von (1646–1716), 147, 152

Leidenfrost, Ludwig Christoph, “... Miscellanea experimenta circa electricitatem,” 1781.

Leipzig--Lipsiæ--“Acta Eruditorum ...,” “Indices generales ...,” 117 Vols., 306

Leipzig, “Allgemeines Magazin der Natur-Kunst und Wissenschaft.”

Leipzig, “Commentarii de rebus in scientia naturali et medicina gestis,” von C. G. Ludwig, 37 Vols. Lipsiæ, 1752–1798, 130, 285

Leipzig Society. “Abhandlungen ... Wissenschaften.”

Leipzig University, 162

Leitch, John, “Hieroglyphic Essays and Correspondence,” 396

Leithead, William, “Electricity; its nature, operation ...,” 1837, 29, 129, 135, 149, 153, 240, 241, 376, 383, 443

Leland--Leyland--John (1506–1552), 42

Lelandri, Contessi G. (Ann. Reg. Lomb. Veneto), 347

Lelewell, Joachim. _See_ Géographie de Moyen-Âge, 62

Lelong, Le P. Jacques, “Bibliotheca sacra,” 1709, 538

Le Lorrain de Vallemont. _See_ Vallemont.

Lemaire--Le Maire (Mém. Acad. de Paris, 1745, 1750), 190

Leméry, Louis (1667–1743), exhibits the tourmaline--_lapis electricus_, 153, 218, 442, 465

Leméry, Nicholas (_at_ Leméry, Louis, A.D. 1717), 153

Lemoine--Moreau. _See_ Dureau.

“Le Moniteur,” 359, 380

“Le Moniteur Scientifique.” _See_ Quesneville, Dr. G. A.

Lemnius--Lemmeus--Lieven--Levinus (1505–1568), “De miraculis occultis naturæ ...,” first edition, Antwerpiæ, 1559 (“The Secret miracles of nature,” wherein he described the mariner’s compass), 5, 87, 538, 553

Lemonnier--Le Monnier--Louis Guillaume (Mém. de Paris, 1746, 1752; Philos. Trans. for 1746, p. 290).

Lemonnier--Le Monnier--Pierre Claude Charles (1715–1799), “Lois du magnétisme ... dans les différentes parties du globe terrestre ...”: Paris, 1776–1778, 176, 177–178, 200, 232, 320 (Mém. de Paris, 1770, 1771, 1772, 1773, 1774, 1777–1779). Le Monnier, according to Brit. Museum Catalogue; Nouvelle Biographie Générale, 1859, XXX. 621; Poggendorff Handwörterbuch. Lemonnier, according to Encycl. Britannica, 1911, XVI. 416; Biographie Universelle, XXIV. 95–97; New Intern. Encycl., 1915, XIII. 765; Dict. of Gen. Biogr., 1881, p. 744. Not mentioned in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, 1883, Band 18, 1906, Band 51, or in either Meyer’s or Brockhaus’ Konversations-Lexikon.

Lemoyne des Essarts, Nicholas Toussaint, “Siècles Littéraires,” 190

Lemprière, John (_b._ 1824), English author, “Bibliotheca Classica,” 1788, 518

Lemström, K. S., Professor at Helsingfors. _See_ Lenström.

Lenain de Tillemont. _See_ Tillemont.

Lenglet du Fresnoy, Nicole (1674–1755), “Methode ...,” 1772, Vol. XIV. contains an outline of the history of science and art.

Lenoble--Le Noble--Mr. L’Abbé, Chanoine de la Collégiale de Vernon sur Seine en Normandie, “Aimants artificiels d’une très grande force” (Mém. de Paris, 1772, Hist., p. 17), 26, 253. _See_ Thouret, _also_ Ronalds’ Catalogue, p. 296.

“Le Nouveau Larousse illustré,” par Claude Augé, 7 Vols. 1901–1904.

Lenström, Selim (_at_ Aurora Borealis), 139, 179, 180

Lenz, Heinrich Friedrich Emil (1804–1865), 423 (Mém. et Bull. de l’Acad. de St. Petersb., 1831, 1836–1839, 1844–1858; Pogg. Ann., XXXI. for 1834, XXXIV. for 1835).

Lenz, R. (Mém. et Bull. de l’Acad. de St. Petersb., 1862, 1866).

Leonardus, Camillus (fl. sixteenth century A.D.), 17, 26, 57, 73, 82; “Speculum lapidum,” 1502, 1516 (“The mirror of stones,” 1750). _See_ Græsse, “Trésor de livres ...,” Vol. IV. p. 165.

Leopold of Tuscany, 96

Leopoldino-Carolino. _See_ Breslau.

Leotaud--Leotaudus, Leotandus--Vincent (1595–1672), 120, 160, 554; “R. P. Vincentii Leotaudi ... magnetologia ... magnetis philosophia,” 1668.

Leprince--Le Prince, “Nouvelle théorie de l’aurore boréale ...,” 1817, 308

Le Roi--Le Roy--and D’Arcy, 177

Le Roux de Lincy, 34

Leroux--Le Roux--François Pierre, “Etudes sur les machines electro-magnétiques ...” (Ann. de Chim. et Phys., Ser. IV. Vol. X. pp. 201–291). Deals with the _Peltier and Thomson effects_.

Le Roy--Le Roi--Jean Baptiste (_d._ 1800), 177, 198, 208, 240, 273, 302, 303, 320

Lesage--Le Sage--Georges Louis, Jr. (1724–1803), “Traité de Physique ...,” 209, 241–242, 255

Lesage--Le Sage--Georges Louis, Sr. (1676–1759), “Des corps terrestres et des météores,” 242

Leslie, Sir John (1766–1832), 134, 192, 225, 295–296, 315, 440, 479, 498; “Observations on electrical theories,” 1824. _See_ Rumford Medal. “Treatises on natural philosophy ...” (Phil. Mag., XLII. 44, 1813).

“Les Mondes,” 248, 365. _See_ Moigno.

Le télégraphe. _See_ Laurencin, Paul.

Letheby, H., “An account ... _gymnotus electricus_ ...,” 1842, 299

Letronne, Jean Antoine, “Mém. de l’Acad. des Inscriptions,” 533

Leucippus, Greek philosopher, disciple of Zeno (fl. fifth century B.C.), 512, 543

Leupold, electrical machine, 150

Leurechon, Jean, French poet (1591–1670). _See_ Van Etten.

Leuwenhoeck, Anthony van (Phil. Trans., XIX. for 1695–1697, p. 512), 245, 246

Levasseur (mentioned at Agrippa, H. C.), 502

Lewes, George Henry, “History of philosophy from Thales to Comte,” 534

Lewis, Meriwether, on the zodiacal light, 141

Lexell, Anders Johann (1740–1784).

Leyden Jar discovered by E. G. von Kleist, Nov. 4, 1745, 173

Leyden Jar principle employed by Bozolus for transmitting intelligence, 226

Leyden University, 169, 518

Leyes de las Partidas. _See_ Alfonso el IX.

Leymarie, Alex. (1732–1796) “Une nouvelle ... tourmaline,” 1850 (Toulouse Acad. 3^e Série), 287–288

Liais, E., “Pendule electro-magnétique” (Mém. de la Soc. de Cherbourg, II. 294, IV. 205).

Libanius, Greek Sophist (A.D. 314–393). _See_ Nouv. Biogr. de Hœfer, 1860, XXI. 110–113.

Libavius, Andreas (1560–1616), 124; “Alchymia ... medico physico chemico,” 1606.

Libes, Antoine (1752–1832), 131, 277, 353; “Théorie de l’électricité ...”; “Histoire philosophique des progrès de la physique”; “Traité élémentaire de physique” (electricity by pressure); “Dictionnaire de physique.”

Library of American Biography. _See_ Jared Sparks.

Library of Literary Criticism. _See_ Moulton, Ch. W.

Library of Useful Knowledge, 103, 204, 219, 220, 226, 228, 256, 264, 278, 280, 282, 287, 290, 380, 423, 431, 455, 458, 460, 467, 471, 475, 476, 481, 498

“Library, The,” 122

Libri Carrucci dalla Sommaia (Guglielmo Bruto Icilio Timoleone) (1803–1869), “Histoire des sciences mathématiques en Italie depuis la renaissance des lettres jusqu’à la fin du 17^e siècle,” 4 Vols. 1835, 1838–1848, 1865; “Catalogues ...”; Nouvelle Biogr. Gén. V. 922; 16, 23, 30, 33, 35, 43, 44, 45, 53, 55, 57, 61, 64, 66, 75, 97, 106, 110, 114, 116, 117, 126, 140, 299, 506, 510, 515, 522, 524, 525, 527, 531

Liceti, Fortunio (1577–1657).

Licetus, Fortunatus (1577–1657), “Litheosphorus ... lapide Bononiensi lucern ...,” 1640.

Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph (1744–1799). Discovered the double electrophorus, as explained in his “De novo methodo ...”: Göttingen, 1779; “An Dr. Exleben ...” (Gött. Mag., J. i., S. ii. 216–220, 1780), 250

Lichtenberg, Ludwig Christian (1738–1812).

Lichtenberg, L. C., and Michaelis, G. A., concerning Solomon’s temple, 10

Lichtenberg, L. C., and Voigt, J. H. (1751–1823), “Magazin für das neueste aus der Physik ...,” 249, 256, 257, 280, 313, 316, 431, 449

Lieberkuhn--Lieberkyn--Dr. Johann Nathaniel, of the Berlin Academy (1711–1756), makes known Kleist’s discovery of the Leyden Jar, 173, 174

Liebig, J., and Kopp, J. H., “Jahresbericht über ... chemie, physik, etc.”

Liebig, Justus--Justin--Freiherr von, 491, 494 (Poggendorff, J. C., “Handwörterbuch,” pp. 1455–1460); “Handwörterbuch der ... chemie, von Liebig, Poggendorff, Wöhler, etc.”; “Annalen der pharmacie....”

Lientandi, “Magnetologia”: Lugdini Bat., 1668.

Light, finite velocity of, discovered by Rœmer, Olaus, 157

Lightning and thunder attracted and directed by the ancients, 9, 294

Lightning and thunder inoculated into clouds by bombs, 368

Lightning, many sources recognised by Etruscans and Romans, 9

Lightning-rod Conference, Report of, 198, 199

Lightning rods on ancient temples, 600 B.C., 9

Liliencron, Rochus, 34

Lilliehöök, C. B., “Voyages ... in Scandinavia,” 1842, 139

Linari-Santi, P. (1777–1858), 298, 337; “Sur les propriétés électriques ... de la torpille”: Genève, 1837–1838; “Sull elettricità animale”: Napoli, 1843 (Bibl. Univ., 1837–1838; Fusinieri, Ann. Sc. R. Lomb.-Veneto, 1839; Bibl. Ital., Vol. XCII. 258; Rendiconto dell’ Acad. di Napoli, II. 1843).

Linari-Santi, P., and Guili, G. (Ann. del Reg. Lomb.-Veneto, IX. 200, 1839).

Linari-Santi, P., and Palmieri, Luigi (Rendiconto dell’ Acad, di Napoli, III. 1844).

Linck, Johann Wilhelm (1760–1805), “De raga torpedine,” 1788, 298

Lincy, Le Roux de, and Tisserand, L. M., 34

Lind, James (_d._ 1794), 331

Linden, Joannes Antonides van der, “De Scriptio Medicis,” 26, 508, 513, 517, 531

Line of no magnetic variation. _See_ Columbus, Christopher, 65

Linguet, Simon Henri Nicholas (1736–1794), “Mémoire ... moyen d’établir des signaux par la lumière,” 1782, 265

Lining, Dr. John, 196, 320 (“Mém. de Paris,” 1755).

Linnæus--Linné--Carl von (1707–1778), “Flora Zeylanica” (on the tourmaline), 1747; (K. Schwed. Akad. Abh., XXIV. 291; VI. 93; VIII. 61; Acta Holminensio, XXIV. 292, 1762), 13, 153, 192, 288, 297, 385, 450, 451, 456

Linnean Society of New England, Transactions, 298

Linnstrom, H., “Schwedisches Bücher-Lexikon,” 1830–1865.

Lion, Moise, “Electricité statique, Histoire et recherches nouvelles”: Paris, 1868.

Lipenius, Martinus, “Navigatio Salomonis Ophiritica illustrata,” 1660, 33, 73, 87

Lippincott, Joshua Ballinger (1816–1886), “General Biographical Dictionary,” 470

Lisbon Academy, “Memorias da Acad. Real das Sciencas da Lisboa,” 12 Vols.

Lisieux College, 254

Lister, Dr. Martin (1638–1712), “Collection Académique,” 204, 288, 402, 548

Li-tchi-tchin, celebrated Chinese naturalist, 77

Literary and Philosophical Society, Manchester. _See_ Manchester.

Literary Digest, 57

Literary Gazette, 412

Littré and Sainte Beuve, 476

Littré, M. E. (_at_ Ampère, A. M., A.D. 1820), 476

“Living Authors” (_at_ Gregory, George, A.D. 1796), 324

Livio Sanuto (fl. sixteenth century A.D.), “Geografia ... della bussola e dell’ Aguglia ...,” 1588, 65, 69, 114, 115

Livy. _See_ Titus Livius (Phil. Trans., XLVIII., Pt. 1, p. 211).

Lloyd, Humphrey (_b._ 1800), 28, 138; “A treatise on magnetism,”: London, 1874; “Remarks on the theory of the compound magnetic needle”; “Account of the Induction Inclinometer ...” (Trans. Royal Irish Acad., XVII. 1836; XIX, 1840 and 1841; XXI. 1843; XXII. 1849; XXIV. 1862; Proceedings Royal Irish Acad., 1848, 1850, 1853, 1861, 1862).

Lloyd, Sabine, and Ross, “Observations ... terrestrial magnetic force in Ireland” (Report of the British Association for 1835).

Loadstone. _See_ Lodestone.

Lobe, W., “De vi corporum electrica,” 1743, 555

Lobb, Harry (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386; “A popular treatise on curative electricity ...,” 1867.

Locke, John (1792–1856), works of (_at_ Kendall, Abram), 522 (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., VI. 1839).

Locrian, The, 8

Loder, M. Juste Chrétien de (1753–1832), (_at_ Pearson, George, A.D. 1797), 326, 333

Lodestone’s lifting power, 134, 159

Lodestone--Loadstone--first discovered at Magnesia in Lydia, 146. _See_ Magnet, Magnes. Its use in antiquity for directive purposes. _See_ Ferguson, _also_ Barrow, Sir John, “Voyage en Chine,” 1805.

Lodestone, magnet, armed, 86, 100

Lodestones, different descriptions of, 13; virtue of (Earl of Abercorn), 554

Lodge, Sir Oliver, “Pioneers of Science,” 462. _See_ Rumford Medal.

Lofft, Capel (Phil. Mag., LI. 109, 203, 1818), 314

Logan (Phil. Trans., 1735), 195

Lohier fils, “Globules lumineux,” 1746, 555

Lohmeir, P., “De fulmine,” 1676 (Pogg., I. 1491).

Lo-Luz--Lo-Looz--Robert de, “Recherches ... pour prouver le magnétisme universel,” 1788.

Lombardi, Antonio (_b._ 1768), “Storia della letteratura Italiana ...,” 6 Vols. (Mem. Soc. Ital., Vol. XX.), 330

Lombardo-Veneto (Venetian Lombardy Imperial Royal Institution). _See_ Istituto, Lombardy, Fusinieri, Giuli.

Lombardus, Petrus--Peter Lombard--Bishop of Lyons (fl. twelfth century A.D.), “Sententiarum, Libri IIII.,” 41. _See_ Joannes ab Incarnatione.

Lombardy--Lombardo-Veneto, “Giornale dell’ I.R. Istituto Lombardo di scienze, lettere ed arti, e Biblioteca Italiana,” 25 Vols.: Milano, 1841–1856, is the suite of the “Biblioteca Italiana,” which ran from 1816 to 1840. Memorie--also Atti--dell’ I.R. Istituto Lombardo di scienze, lettere ed arti, 1843–1848.

Lomond--Lomont--Claude Jean Baptiste (1749–1830), 285

Lomonosow--Remonozow--Michael Wassiljewitsch (1711–1765), 204

Lomonosow--Remonozow and Grischow, A. N. (1726–1760), “Orationes de meteoris electricis explicationes ...,” 1755.

London and Edinburgh Phil. Mag. and Journal of Science. _See_ Philosophical Magazine.

London Chemical Society, 394

London College of Surgeons, 178, 304

London, Edinburgh and Dublin Phil. Mag. and Journ. of Sc. _See_ Philosophical Magazine.

London Electrical Society, 468

London Encyclopædia, 22 Vols. 1839.

London Geological Society, 359, 371

London, Guy’s Hospital, 443

London Institution, 371, 372, 458

London Mechanics’ Register. _See_ New London.

London Mining Journal, 498

London, Royal Astronomical Society, 433, 462

London, Royal Society. _See_ Royal Society, London.

London. _See_ Journal of the Society of Arts, Nicholson’s “Journal of Nat. Phil ...,” “Phil. Magazine ...,” “Electrical Society,” “Royal Society,” “Royal Institution,” “Pharmaceutical Journal.”

London University, 498

Long’s expedition to the Rocky Mountains, 259

Longfellow, Henry W., “Golden Legend,” “Evangeline,” 24, 260

Longinus, Cæsar, “Trinium magicum ...,” 1630, 553

Lonicerus, Janus--Lonicer, Joannes, 26, 553; “Compendium de meteoris ex Aristotelo, Plinio et Pontano,” 1548; “In Dioscoridæ Anazarbei de re medica ...”

Lonmyer, C. _See_ Loumeyer, C.

Loomis, Elias, Observations on magnetic dip--intensity--“The aurora borealis” (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., New Series, VII. 1841, VIII. 1843, IX. 1846; Phil. Mag. for Nov. 1847), 140

Lopez de Gomara, Francisco, 211

Lor, M. de, 195, 200, 320, 416 (De Lor and Dalibard’s experiments, Ronalds’ Catalogue, p. 123).

Lorenzini, Stephani (_at_ Shaw, George, A.D. 1791), 298

Lorgna, Antonio Maria (1736–1796), 253 (Opus. Scelti, IV. 235, 1781); “Lettera (al Toaldo) sur Parafulmini.”

Lorimer, Dr. John (1732–1795), “Essay on magnetism,” 1795, 30, 243, 281 (Phil. Trans., 1775).

Loritus, Henricus de Glaris--Gareanus, 535, 536

Lorraine, Duke of, 160

Lottin, Victor Charles (1795–1858), 139; “Sur les aurores boréales” (Ann. Maritim, LIX. 1839).

Louis, Antoine (1723–1792), “Observations sur l’électricité ...,” 1747, 186

Louis IX, King of France, 56; Louis XI, 538; Louis XIII, 107; Louis XIV, 130; Louis XV., 229

Louise de Savoy, 502

Loumeyer, C. (_at_ Montanus, Arias Benedictus), 528

Lous, Christian Karl (1724–1804), “Tentamina experimentorum ...”: Copenhagen, 1773

Louvre, Catalogue of manuscripts, 14

Lovejoy, B. G. (_at_ Bacon, Sir Francis, A.D. 1620), 102

Lovering, Prof. Joseph, 498

Lovett--Lovet--Richard (1692–1780), “Subtil--Subtile--Medium Proved,” 133, 212–213, 229, 269

Lowenörn (_at_ Aurora Borealis), 139; “Uber den magnet ...,” 1802

Lower (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 385

Löwig, C. von, “Repertorium für organische chemie”: Zurich.

Lowndes, F., “Observations on medical electricity ...,” 1787, 385

Lowndes, William Thomas, “Bibliographer’s Manual of English Literature,” 4 Vols. 1834, 547, 548

Lowthorp, John. _See_ Royal Society.

Loxodromes, 509

Lozeran du Fech, Louis Antoine (_d._ 1755), “Observation d’un phénomène céleste,” 1730 (“Mémoire de Trevoux” for 1730, 1732).

Luc, Jean André de--Deluc (1727–1817), 176, 249, 364, 388, 405, 417, 418, 419, 420, 428, 433, 434, 438, 440, 447; “Traité élémentaire sur le fluide electrico-galvanique,” 2 Vols. 1804 (Phil. Mag., XLIV. 248, XLV. 97, 329, L. 392). One of his dry piles rings bells for over forty years, 405

Lucanus (A.D. 39–65), Marcus Annæus, “Pharsalia,” 140

Lucchesini, Signorè Marchese (_at_ Walsh, John, A.D. 1773), 240

Lucretius, Titus Carus (99–56 B.C.), “De rerum natura” (The nature of things), 7, 14, 19, 21, 33, 73, 524, 544

Luderus, G., “De methodis ... declin. ... magnetis ...,” 1718, 554

Lüdicke--Ludecke--August Friedrich (1748–1822) (Gilbert Annalen, IX. 1801 and 1802; L. 1815, LXVIII. 1821).

Ludolff--Leudolff--Christian Friedrich (1707–1763), 170, 200, 320 (Mém. Acad. Roy. Berlin, 1744), 320

Ludwig, Christian Friedrich, “Scriptores ... minores ...,”: Lipsiæ, 1791–1795, 304, 327, 332

Ludwig, Christian Gottlieb. _See_ Leipzig.

Ludwig, Christian Theophile (1709–1773).

Lughi (_at_ Pearson, George, A.D. 1797), 326

Lullin, Amédæ--Amadeus (1695–1756), “Dissertatio physica de electricitate ...,” 1776, 226, 271

Lully--Lull--Raymundius Lullius (_c._ A.D. 1254–1315), 31–33, 505

Luloffs, Johannes (1711–1768) (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308; “De aurora boreali ...,” 1731.

“Lumière Electrique.” _See_ “La Lumière Electrique.”

Lunar diurnal magnetic variation, 267

Lunar volcanoes, 462

Lund and Muschmann, 446

Lundborg, J. M., “De electricitate atmospheræ,” 1791.

Lusitanus, Amatus, Joan Roderigo Amato (1511–1568), 27, 525, 528

Lusson, F., “Les origines de l’électricité”: La Rochelle, 1882.

Luther and Grotius, 519

Luther, Martin (1483–1546), 508

Lyly, John (_c._ 1554–1606), “Euphues,” 16

_Lyncurium._ See _Lapis_, 8, 13, 15, 17, 176. _See also_ Watson, Wm., 1759 (Phil. Trans., LI. 1759) and Napione, C. A. Q., 1795.

Lynschoten, Jan Huygan van (1563–1611), 525

Lyon, Rev. John (_at_ Adams, George, A.D. 1785), 281

Lyons--Lyon (Lugduni), Academy of Sciences; Comptes Rendus, Historie, Mémoires, etc., 337; Histoire de l’Acad. Royale des Sciences ... de Lyon, par T. B. Dumas, 1839.

Lyons--Lyon--College of, 163

Lyons--Lyon--Congrès scientifique. _See_ Pétetin, J. H. D.

Lyons--Lyon--Société d’Etudes Scientifiques, Bulletin, etc.: Lyon, 1874, etc.

Lyons, T. A., Electro-magnetic phenomena, 54, 56

M

MacAdie, Alexander (_at_ Electricity of the Atmosphere), 319

Macaire, J. F. (_at_ Alexander Tilloch), 392

Macaulay, Thomas Babington (1800–1859), “Essays,” 99, 102, 132

MacCrindle, author of “Ancient India,” as described by Ktesias, 10

MacCulloch, “Traités ... boussole”: Paris, 1853, 61

Macdonald, Lieut.-Col. John (1759–1831), method of telegraphing, 400, 442

MacGowan, George, 262

Macgregor, J. (“Journal of the Society of Arts,” May 20, 1859), 291

Machado, Barb., “Bibliotheca Lusitana,” 516, 531

Machiavelli, Nicolo (1469–1527), 114

Machines, electrical. _See_ Electrical Machines.

Machometes Aractensis. _See_ Albategnius, 527

MacKendrick, Dr. John Gray (_at_ Kirwan, Richard), 263

MacKenzie, William. _See_ “Imp. Dict. of Univ. Biography.”

MacMahon, Rev. John H., “Metaphysics of Aristotle,” 310

MacMillan, Walter G., “Treatise on electro-metallurgy,” 24

Macquer, Pierre Joseph (_at_ Fourcroy, A. F. de), 354

Macrinus, M. Opelius (A.D. 164–218), 12

Macvey, Napier (1776–1847), 296

Madeira Arrais--Madeyra Arraez (Duarte). _See_ Arrais.

Madison, Rev. James (1749–1812), 327, 328

Mädler--Maedler--Johann Heinrich von, “Geschichte der Himmelskunde,” 513

Madrid, Gazette de, 318

Maffei, Francisco Scipione de (1675–1755), 321, 505, 554

Magalotti--Magolotti--Lorenzo (1637–1712), Saggi Accad. del Cimento, 1666–1761.

“Magaz. Sc. de Göttingen,” 10

Magazin der neuesten ... reisebeschreibungen.

“Magazin encyclopédique ...,” par Millin de Grandmaison, Aubin Louis. _See_ Rafn, C. G.

Magazin für das neueste aus der physik. _See_ Lichtenberg and Voigt.

Magazin für naturvidenskaberne. _See_ Christiana.

Magazin für ... naturkunden, von Voigt, J. H., 12 vols., Jena and Weimar, 380

Magazine of American History, 115

Magellan--Magalhaeus--Magalhäes--Ferdinand, commanded in 1520 the first expedition around the world, 67, 288. [Magellan--Magalhaeus--Joào Hyazinthe, F.R.S., was a very prominent astronomical writer.]

Magendie, François, 325, 385

Maggiotto, F., upon a new electrical machine, 254

Magi: loadstone so called in their honour, 13

Magliabechiana Library at Florence, 57

Magliozzi, M., “Notizia ... bussola,” 61

Magne-crystallic action: Poisson, 1811, 411; Faraday, _at_ 1821, 495; Tyndall, _at_ Poisson, 1811, 411, and also in Phil., Mag. for 1851, 1856 and 1870.

Magnesian stone, 13

Magnet--loadstone--armed, 86, 100

Magnet--_magnes_--the loadstone. [_See_ Chambers’ Cyclopædia, Vol. III.], 12–13, 145–146

Magnet and helix, experimental distinction between, 486

Magnet, applications for medical relief, 26

Magnet, artificial. _See_ Hamilton, 159; Knight, 180; Antheaulme, Du Hamel, Le Maire, 190; Michell, John, 191; Canton, 206; Æpinus, 217; Gregory, 323

Magnet, elliptical. _See_ Treméry, J. L., 324

Magnet, Ethiopian, said to repel iron. _See_ Maiolus, “Dies Caniculares ...,” 1597, p. 781.

Magnet, _filar_ suspension, first mentioned by Leonardus Camillus, “Speculum Lapidum,” 1610, p. 129

Magnet, first English work on the, Norman Robert, “The newe attractive,” 1592.

Magnet, its four virtues or operations, according to Sir Francis Bacon, 100

Magnet, its threefold power, attractive, directive and inductive. _See_ Oberst, Joseph, “Conjecturæ ...”: Augsburg, 1760.

Magnet, mathematical theory of the (_at_ Hansteen, C., A.D. 1819), 444

Magnet, molecular, first suggested by Kirwan, R., 263. _See_ Hale, Matthew, “Magnetismus magnus ...”: London, 1695.

Magnet, native, its different names, etc. _See_ B.C. 1022, 600–580, 337–330, 321, 285–247, 60–56; _also_ A.D. 121, 265, 295–334, 400, 1111–1117, 1490–1541.

Magnet, natural and artificial. _See_ Gregory, G., 322

Magnet, powdered. _See_ Ingen-housz, 256, and Marcel (_at_ Swinden), 273

Magnet, writers on the subject. _See_ Zahn, Johann--Joannes (1641–1707); Schott, Gaspar (1608–1666) in his “Magia universali ...”: Bamberg, 1677; Boyle, Robert (1627–1691), “Some Considerations ...,” 1664, p. 15; Ruard, Andala (1665–1727), in his “Exercitationes ...,” 1709; Pfundt, Ehrenfried in his “Disputatio Physica de magnete,” 1673; Bertrand, Elie (1712–1790), “Dictionnaire Universel”: Avignon, 1763, p. 14.

Magnetic and electric forces, analogy between, 383

Magnetic Atlas or Variation Charts: Bianco, Andrea, 1436, 62; Halley, Edmund, 1683, 137; Churchman, John (mention made of Halley, Lambert, Mountaine and Dodson, Wilke) 1794, 315; Barlow, Peter, 1820, 458

Magnetic Attractions and repulsions, 156

Magnetic Cars, Carriages. _See_ Chariots.

Magnetic Curves, 156

Magnetic Declination, causes of the, 164

Magnetic Declination, first announced in print by Falero, Francisco, in 1535, 67–68

Magnetic Declination, history of, by Carli, Gian Rinaldo (1720–1785), “Dissertazione ...”: Venice, 1747.

Magnetic Dip, earliest known observations in U.S.A., 258–259

Magnetic Expedition, 333 (Humboldt), 445 (Hansteen).

Magnetic Fluids, two, theory of: Wilcke, J.C. (mentions Coulomb, 276, and Poisson, 410), 1757, 215, 276; Brugmans, Anton, in 1778, 215; Prevost, Pierre (1751–1839), “De l’origine ...”: Genève, 1788; Treméry, J. L., in 1797.

Magnetic Force, law of the decrement of, 334

Magnetic Force, laws of, by Dr. Brooke Taylor, 156

Magnetic Forces, causes and mechanism of, 164

Magnetic Induction by electric currents, discovered by Arago, 478

Magnetic Influence, earliest known application of, 2637 B.C.

Magnetic Intensity and dip or inclination, Gay-Lussac, 1804, 389

Magnetic Islands and mountains, 71

Magnetic Measurement, absolute, by Poisson, 411

Magnetic Plants, 259–261

Magnetic Poles: Halley, 1683, 137; Euler, Albert, 1766, 214; Brewster, 1820, 465; Royal Society of London, “Miscellanea Curiosa”: London, 1726.

Magnetic Properties of metals developed by percussion, 482

Magnetic Rotatory Polarization. _See_ Cadozza, G., _likewise_ Arago _at_ p. 478

Magnetic Sand: Butterfield in 1698 and Desaguliers and Musschenbroek in 1733, 174, 175

Magnetic Society. _See_ Paris.

Magnetic Stations, 267, 334

Magnetic Stones, 512

Magnetic Storms, so named by Humboldt, 334

Magnetic Suspension of statues, tombs, etc., 18, 73, 123, 222

Magnetical compass of new design by De la Hire (Phil. Trans., 1687, p. 344), 145

Magneticks (Phil. Trans. abridged, Vol. X. Pt. I. Chap. iv. pp. 1–20, for 1756).

“Magnetischen vereins ...,” Resultate ... von Gauss ...: Göttingen, 1836–1841.

Magnetism and Electricity, analogy between, 163, 272

Magnetism, Animal: Mesmer, 235–237; Puységur, 236, 425

Magnetism, Animal, and its curative powers, detailed by Kluge (Karl Alexander Ferdinand) in “Proeve eener voorstelling ...”: Amsterdam, 1812.

Magnetism, Animal, and magnetism, mineral, division established by Kircher, Athan, in his “Magneticum Naturæ ...”: Amsterdam, 1667.

Magnetism, Animal, history of. _See_ Mojon.

Magnetism, Animal. _See_ Report of Franklin, B.: Philadelphia, 1837 (2nd ed.); _also_ Petrus, P. B., “Etude ...”: Pise, 1852, p. 237.

Magnetism, History of, by Wilcke, J. C., “Tal om Magnetem ...”: Stockholm, 1764, _also_ by Murhard, F. W. A., and _likewise_ by Churchman, John, in “Magnetic Atlas ...”: London, 1794.

Magnetism imparted to iron bar without a magnet, 300

Magnetism imparted to non-ferruginous substances, 163

Magnetism, influence of heat upon, 458

Magnetism, its effect on plants, 257

Magnetism--_Magnetisme_--this noun first employed by Barlow, Wm., in his “Magneticall Advertisements ...”: London, 1616.

Magnetism, Mathematical, theory of, Hansteen, Chr. (1784–1873), “Untersuchungen ...,” 1819, Chap. v., 444–446

Magnetism, Mechanical, production of, by Boyle, R., in his “Works ...,” 1699–1700 (Vol. II. p. 323), 131, 132

Magnetism of salts of the magnetic metals (Phil. Mag., Ser. IV. Vol. XXX. pp. 366–370, 1865).

Magnetism, Rotatory, Arago (1820), 478; Cadozza, Harris, 469; Barlow, 458. _Consult_ “Table Analytique de, Annales de Ch. et de Phys.,” Index pp. 257–258. _See_ Electro-magnetic Rotations.

Magnetism, theories of. _See_ Theories.

Magnetism, universal prevalence of, in all bodies (Arago), 479

“Magnetist,” published at Frankfort, 556

Magneto-electric induction, discovered by Faraday, 484–487

Magnetometer of Bidone, Georgio (1781–1889), “Description ...”: Turin, 1807; _also_ of Scoresby, 1821, and of Lloyd, H., “Proc. Royal Irish Academy.”

Magnus, L. _See_ Gomperz.

Magnus, Professor G. (_at_ Gmelin, L.) 450

Magrini, L. (_at_ Oersted, H. C.), 455

Magrinus. _See_ Arnaldus de Villa Nova.

Mahaffy, John P., 122, 511

Mahomet, 73, 91, 123, 222, 527, 541, 542. For Mahomets’ tomb, etc. (magnetic suspension of) _see_ Sir Thomas Browne, “Pseudodoxia Epidemica ...,” 1646; Van Etten, Henry, “Mathematical Recreations ...,” 1674; Weston, Wynant van, “Mathematische ...,” 1662–1663; Guyot, E. G. (1706–1786), “Nouvelles Récréations ...,” published in 1769–1770.

Mahon, Lord, third Earl of Stanhope (1753–1816), 184, 254, 255, 275, 310

Mailla--Maillac--Joseph Anne Marie de Moyriac de (1679–1748), 1–2

Maimbourg, Louis (1610–1686), 144

Maimbray--De Maimbray--of Edinburgh, 179, 282

Maimonides--Moses Ben Maimon (_at_ Cordova _c._ A.D. 1132), 40

Maindron, Ernest (_at_ Mesmer, F. A.), 237; (_at_ Volta, A.), 248

Maiolus--Maiolo--Majolus--Simon (1520–1597), Bishop of Volturara, “Colloginas”; “Dies Caniculares ...,” 19, 33, 160

Mair, John, credited with the discovery of the secular variation of the declination, 1635, 117

Mairan, Jean Jacques d’Ortous de (1678–1711), “Traité de physique ...,” 1731, 139, 140, 141, 142, 309

Maisiat, Michel (1770–1822), “... changements faits à la boussole ...”: Paris, 1818. Contains a brief history of the mariner’s compass.

Maissas--Meissas--Alexandre André de (_b._ 1800), 352

Majocchi, Giovanni Alessandro (_d._ 1854), “Annali di Fisica, Chimica, etc.”: Milano, 28 Vols. 420

Majus (_i. e._ May), Heinrich, “Disp. de tonitru”; “Disp. de fulmine” (Pogg., II. 21, 1673), 199

Makium, constructs a novel magnetic chariot, 22

_Malapterurus_--at one time called _Malapterus-electricus_, 192, 374

Malcolm, Sir John (_at_ Zoroaster), 542

Malfanti, G., “Le météore ...,” 1586, 553

Mallemans de Messanges, C. (1653–1723), “Nouveau système de l’aimant”: Paris, 1680.

Mallet, Charles Auguste (_b._ 1807), “Manuel de philosophic,” 1835.

Mallet, Charles François (1766–1853) (Annales des Ponts et Chaussées).

Mallet, Clément. _See_ Clément Mallet.

Mallet du Pan, Jacques (1749–1800), “Mercure historique,” 265

Mallet-Favre, Jacques André (1740–1790), Swiss astronomer, “De acus magneticæ ...”; “Observations astronomiques ...,” 249

Mallet, Friedrich (1728–1797), “Description mathématique du globe,” 232

Maloet. _See_ Le Dru, Maloet, Cosnier, Darcet ..., 229, 385

Malte-Brun, Victor Adolphe, “Géographie Universelle,” 1816, 93

Malus, Etienne Louis (1775–1812), 480–481

Malzet. _See_ Jacquet de Malzet.

Manardus, Joannes, “Epistolarum medicinalium ...,” 1549, 27

Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, Trans. and Memoirs, 10, 16, 24, 134, 165

Mandeville, Sir John (born _c._ 1300), 67, 72. _See_ Biogr. Univ. de Michaud, Vol. XXVI. p. 32; Dict. of Nat. Biogr., Vol. XXXVI. pp. 23–29, and the works of H. Cordier therein named.

Manetto--Manetho--Manathou, on the magnet stone, 14. At pp. 51–54 of Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren’s “Manual of Ancient History,” Oxford, 1833, it is said that Manetto was a celebrated high priest at Heliopolis who flourished under the reign of Ptolemy Philadelphus, about 260 B.C. He wrote the _Ægyptica_, and his authenticity is now completely established. _Consult_ George Stanley Faber, _Horæ Mosaicæ_, I. 251; George Rawlinson’s “Bampton Lectures,” p. 56; William Osburn, “Monumental History of Egypt,” II. 606–608; J. P. Cory, “Of the writings of Manetto, translated from the Greek.”

Manget, Jean Jacques, “Bibliotheca Scriptorum Medicorum,” 528

Mangin, l’Abbé (_d._ 1772), “Histoire Générale ... de l’électricité ...”: Paris, 3 Vols. 1752, 555

Manheim--Mannheim--Academy of Sciences, Theodoro Palatina, Historia, Memoria et Commentationes, 29, 285, 289

Manheim--Mannheim--Electoral Meteorol. Society, Transactions, 285, 320

Mann, Théodore Augustin (1735–1809), “Sur les marées aériennes ...,” 1792, 289, 320

Mannevilette, Jean Baptiste N. D. Après de (1707–1780), “Le nouveau quartier” (Hadley’s quadrant), 1739

Mansill, Richard (_at_ Faraday), 499

Mansion, Paul, “Note ... astronomie ancienne,” 533

Manual of Chemistry. _See_ Brande, W. T.

Manual of Classical Biography. _See_ Moss, J. W.

Manual of Electro-metallurgy. _See_ Napier, James; Shaw, George.

Manual of Magnetism. _See_ Davis, Daniel.

Manuel de l’électricité. _See_ Delaunay, Veau.

Manuel du libraire et de l’amateur de livres par Jacques C. Brunet, Paris, 71

Maplet, John (_d._ 1592), “A Greene Forest or a Naturall Historie,” 16

Marais, Paul, “Bibliothèque Mazarine,” xi

Maraldi, James Philip (_at_ Cassini), 268

Marana, G. P., “L’espion ...,” 1684; “Letters writ ...,” 1734, 554, 555

Marat, Jean Paul (1744–1793), 269, 385 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel).

Marbodeus Gallus, surnamed Pelliciarius (1035–1125), 17, 26, 74, 82, 513

Marcel, Arnold, 149, 206, 273, 292

Marcellus Empiricus (fl. end fourth century), “De medicamentis ...,” 24, 26

Marcet, Mrs., “Conversations on chemistry,” 322, 323, 497

Marciana Library at Venice, 111

Marcilius Ficinus. _See_ Ficino.

Marco Polo. _See_ Polo, Marco.

Marcorelle and Darguier (_at_ Dalton, J.), 308

Mardonius, Persian general (_d._ 479 B.C.), fire signals, 4

Maréchaux, Peter Ludwig (_b._ 1764), 388, 394, 420

Margarita Philosophica of Father Gregorius Reisch, 34–35

Margueritte (_at_ Pepys, W. H., Sr.), 372

Mariani Parthenii Electricorum, 227

Marianini, Stefano Giovanni (1790–1866), 325, 330, 355, 385

Maricourt, Pierre de. _See_ Peregrinus.

Marie Davy (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 386

Marie, J. E. Maximilien, “Hist. des Sc. Mathématiques et Physiques,” 12 Vols. 1883–1888, 147, 152, 412, 506

Marin, Th. (_at_ De Romas), 204

Mariners’ compass, history of the. _See_ Maissiat, Michel (1770–1822), “Mémoire ...,” 1818, viii, 59–61, 141; Keou-tsoungchy, A.D. 1111–1117, 29; Guyot de Provins, A.D. 1190–1210, 30; Bianco, Andrea, A.D. 1436, 62–63; Voltaire, F. M. A. de, A.D. 1327–1377, 58, 104

Marinette, or compass, 56

Marinière, or loadstone, 30

Markham, C. R., translator of Acosta’s “Natural ... history of the Indies,” 21

Marni, “Sulla formazione ...” (_at_ Alexander Tilloch), 392

Marrherr, P. A. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 1765, 385

Marrigues à Montfort l’Amaury (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 1773, 385

Marsh, J. (_at_ Ampère), 476, 477

Marshall, Charles. _See_ Morrison, Charles, 208–209

Marsigli, Luigi Fernandino, Conte (1658–1730), 419

Martianus, Minneus Felix Capella (fl. early fifth century).

Martin, Adam Georg (_b._ 1812), “Repertorium der Galvanoplastik und Galvanostegie,” 2 Vols. 1856.

Martin, A. R. (Vetensk. Akad. Abh. 1758 and 1761).

Martin, Benjamin (1704–1782), “Bibliotheca Technologica,” 1737; “Essay on Electricity ...,” 1746; “Biographia Philosophica,” 1764; “Philosophia Britannica,” 1747, 95, 131, 170, 252, 315

Martin de Brettes, “Appareils chrono-électriques ...,” 1858.

Martin-Haug, I., “Essays ...,” 1862 (_at_ Zoroaster), 542

Martin, Henri, “Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal,” ix

Martin, Henry (_at_ Oersted), 455

Martin, Louis Henri, Baron (1810–1883), “Sur ... Héron d’Alexandrie,” 520

Martin, “Météorologie ...” (_at_ Aurora Borealis), 139

Martin, Thomas Henri (1813–1884), 8, 10, 15, 18, 72, 520; “De l’aimant, de ses noms divers,” 1861; “Du succin, de ses noms divers,” 1860; “La foudre, l’électricité ...,” 1866; “Observations ... electriques ...,” 1865; “Les attractions ... magnétiques ...,” 1865.

Martineau, James (_at_ Priestley, Joseph), 228

Martyn and Chambers, “The Phil. Hist. and Mem. of the Royal Academy at Paris,”: London, 1742, 145

Martyn, John--also Eames and Martyn. _See_ Royal Society.

Marum, Martin van (1750–1837), 231, 247, 257, 277–280, 337, 384, 448, 455, 483

Marzari, G., e Toaldo, G., 253, 254

Masars--Mazars--de Cazelès. _See_ Cazelès, 229

Mascagni, P. (_at_ Brugnatelli), 363

Mascuelli, G. (_at_ Bolton, J. F.), 245

Mason, Col. David, 223, 234, 235

Maspero, Gaston Camille Charles (_b._ 1846), “Dawn of Civilization,” 14, 299

“Massachusetts Gazette,” 223

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, xi

Massé, J. (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N.), 330

Massuet, Pierre, “Essais ...,” 1751, 175

_Materia subtilis._ _See_ Subtle.

Maternus, G. C. Cilano de, 1743 (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Mather, Encrease--Increase (1639–1723), 135

Matteini--Matheini--Luigi (_at_ Sarpi, Pietro), 112

Matteucci, Carlo (1811–1868), 135, 241, 284, 298, 330, 355, 374, 385, 409, 426, 441, 469, 493; “... Giornale de Fisica ...,” 1853; “Traité des phenomènes ...,” 1844; “Sur l’électricité animale ...,” 1834; “Richerche Elettro ...,” 1846; “Recherches physiques ...,” 1837; “Manuale di teleg. elett ...,” 1850; Mémoires, in Annales de Chimie. ... Vols. 27, 28, 34. _See_ Cates’ “Dictionary of General Biography,” 3rd ed. 1880, p. 848.

Matteucci, P. (_at_ Dalton, J.), “De aurora boreali ...”: Bononioe, 1747, 308

Matthæus Silvaticus. _See_ Silvaticus, 529

Matthieu, C. (_at_ Galvani, L.), 285

Matthieu de Messine, the notary of Lentino, 15–16

Matthiolus, Petrus Andreas (1500–1577), 27, 526; “Commentaries on Dioscorides,” 1598; “P. A. M. ... opera ... de materia medica,” 1596.

Maty, Dr. Matthew, Secretary of the English Royal Society (1718–1776), 170, 272

Maty, Paul Henry, son of Dr. Matthew Maty, editor of the Philosophical Transactions (1745–1787), 547. _See_ “Dict. of Nat. Biogr.,” Vol. XXXVII. 1894, pp. 78–79.

Matzenauer, E. (_at_ Dalton, J.), 308

Maudonnet, Pierre, “Siger de Brabant ...,” 37, 505

Mauduyt, Antoine René (1731–1815), 229, 263, 269, 270, 302, 385

Maufras, M. D. de, translator of F. de Navarette’s “Recherches ...,” 531

Maunder, Samuel, “Biographical Treasury,” “Dictionary of Univ. Biog.,” 1838, 148

Maunoir, Professor (_at_ Schwenter, D.), 81

Maupied, F. L. M., “Histoire des Sciences,” 37, 103, 404

Maupin, Georges (_at_ Leurechon, J.), 109

Maurice, 1810 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 385

Maurius, “Sphera volgare ...,” 1537, 553

Mauro, Fiorentino (1494–1556), “Sphera volgare ...”: Venice, 1537.

Maurolycus--Maurolico--Franciscus, Abbas Messanensis (1494–1575), 72, 115, 527; “D. F. A. ... Opuscula mathematica ...,” 1575.

Maver, William, Jr., “Wireless telegraphy,” 19

Maxwell, James Clerk (1831–1879), “The electrical researches of the Hon. Henry Cavendish,” on title page, xiii, 184, 239, 252. _See_ Rumford Medal.

Maxwell, William, “Medicina magnetica ...,” 1679, 135, 245, 301

May, Gustav, “Die Weltliteratur der Electricitaet und des Magnetismus von 1860–1883 ...”: Wien, 1884. [The English edition, “A bibliography of electricity and magnetism, 1860–1883,” was published in London, also in 1884.]

Maycock, J. D. (_at_ Luc, J. A. de; _also at_ Donovan, Michael), 406, 419

Mayer, A. F. J. C., “Spicilegium ...”: Bonnæ, 1843, 298

Mayer, Alfred Marshall (1836–1906), 92, 140, 310, 324, 472, 473, 487, 495

Mayer, And., “Dissert. sistens ...,” 1777.

Mayer, B. E., “Hist. of Mod. Philos.,” 1900, 94

Mayer, G. F. (Poligrafo di Verona, ii, 97, 1836).

Mayer, Johan Tobias, junior (1752–1830), 220, 416

Mayer, Johan Tobias, senior (1723–1762), 220, 252

Mayer, Johann (1754–1807), “Abhandlungen ...,” 1793, 249, 285

Mayer, Joseph (1752–1814), Abh. Bohm. Gesellsch. d. Wiss., 1785.

Mayer--Meyer--F. C., “De luce boreali ...,” 1726, 308

Mayo, Herbert (_at_ Faraday, M.), 487

Mazéas, L’Abbé Jean Mathurin (1716–1801), eminent mathematician, brother of Guillaume Mazéas (1742–1776) the well-known chanoine of Vannes, F.R.S., 200, 201, 320

Mazzuchelli, Frederigo, “Raccolta d’Opuscoli,” 501

Mazzuchelli, Giovanni Maria, Conte de (1707–1765), 64, 71; “Gli Scrittori d’Italia ...”: Brescia, 1753–1763.

Meade, William, “On the origin and progress of galvanism”: Dublin, 1805, 285

Mechanical Dictionary. _See_ Knight.

“Mechanics’ Journal.” _See_ Practical Mechanics’ Journal.

“Mechanics’ Magazine” (_at_ Nicholson, Wm.), 337

Médecine éclairée par les sciences physiques, 303

Medhurst, George--first germ of pneumatic telegraphy, 408

Medical Facts, 229

Medical Library and Historical Journal, 147

Medicina magnetica. _See_ Maxwell, Wm.

Medicin Gelehrten-Lexikon, 529

Medicinisch-chirurgische Zeitung. _See_ Ackermann, J. F.

Medicinisches-Schrifsteller Lexicon. _See_ Callisen.

Medina, Pedro da--Piedro de (born _c._ 1493), denies variation of compass in “Arte del Navegar,” 63, 64, 68

Meersch, P. C. van der, 539

Megascope, invented by J. A. C. Charles, 288–289

Megerlin, Peter (_d._ 1686) (_at_ Bernoulli family), 147

Mehu, M. C. _See_ Sestier, Félix.

Mehun, Giovanni di, 61

Meidinger, J. Ferdinand (1726–1777), 258

Meissas. _See_ Maissas.

Meissner, G., and Meyerstein, J., “Uber ein neues galvanometer ...,” 1859.

Mela--Pomponius (fl. in first century), “De situ orbis,” 506, 553

Melchior, Adam (_at_ Cordus, Valerius), 508

Mellarde of Turin, 1749, 385

Melloni, Macedonio (1798–1854), “Magnetismo delle Rocce,” 1853, 1854, 1857.

Melseu, M. (_at_ Diwish, P.), 209

Mémoires de mathématique et physique, 183, 204, 274, 277, 320, 426

Mémoires de Turin, 140

Mémoires des savants étrangers, 204, 320

Mémoires des sciences mathématiques de France, 412

Mémoires des sociétés savantes et littéraires de la Republique Française, 285, 328, 349, 350, 352, 355, 389

Mémoires récréatifs. _See_ Robertson.

“Memoirs for the ingenious ...,” 145

“Men of the Time” (_at_ Faraday, M.), 498

Mendenhall, Thomas Corwin, 321

Mendoza, Juan Gonzales de, “History of the Kingdom of China” (1540–1617), 77

Mendoza y Rios, José de, “Tratado de Navegacion,” 120

Menelaus--Mileus--Milleus (fl. end first century A.D.), 527, 541

Menippus (_at_ Browne, Sir Thomas), 123

Menken, F. O. (_at_ Fracastorio, H.), 515

Menon, L’Abbé (_at_ Maimbray, M.), 179

Menon, M., “Influence de l’électricité sur la végétation,” 257

Mentzel, M. Chn., “De lapide Bononiensi ...,” 1673, 554

Mercator, Gerard Kremer--Kaufmann, Mercator’s Projection, xvii, 80, 510, 518, 559–564 (Nouvelle Biographie Générale, Vol. XXXV. p. 11).

Merckleim, George Abraham, “Lindenius Renovatus,” 508, 538

“Mercure de France,” 243, 259, 265, 556. _See_ Décade.

Mercurial phosphorus (Hauksbec), 150

Mergey, Antoine Eugène, “Etude sur les travaux de De Romas,” 204, 337

Merivale, Charles, “History of the Romans,” 8

Merry, W. W., and Riddell, Jas., translators of Homer’s “Odyssey,” 6

Mersenne, Marin (1588–1648), 109, 120, 122, 130, 527

Merula Gaudentius (fl. early sixteenth century), 108, 299, 527–528 (Società Storica Lombarda), “Biblioteca Historica Italica”; “Memorabilium ...,” 1556.

Merula, Paulus, “Cosmographiæ Generalis ...,” 1605, 72, 515

Merveilleux (Le) dans l’antiquité. _See_ Chassang, M. A.

Merz, Heinrich (_at_ Fraunhofer, J. von), 433

Meschino, Il. _See_ Guerino.

Mesmer, Friedrich Anton (1733–1815), 64, 233, 235–237

“Messager des Sciences et des Arts:” Gand, 1823, 274

Messanges. _See_ Mallemans.

Messines, Matthieu de, 15

Metals and minerals, electricity of. _See_ Electricity of metals and minerals.

Metals, electrically revivified by Beccaria, 207

Meteoric stones (_at_ Fourcroy, Antoine), 313, 354. _See also_ Salverte.

Meteorites, Meteorolites, Meteors. _See_ Aerolites; _also_, Phipson, 286, 313, 314, 315, 376, 380

“Météorographie ...” by P. N. Changeux, 1776, 556

Meteors. _See_ Stanhusius, Mich.; _also_ Trew, Abdias.

Meteyard, Miss, “Life of Wedgwood,” 430

Méthérie, J. C. de la. _See_ La Méthérie.

Meton--Meto--celebrated Athenian mathematician (fl. 432 B.C.), 544

Metrodorus (_at_ School of Athens), 544. Greek philosopher of Chios (fl. beginning fourth century A.D.), was pupil of Democritus. Another Greek philosopher of the same name was brother of Timocrates and flourished A.D. 230–277. Another Metrodorus, Greek philosopher and traveller, living first century B.C., was a native of Scepsis and the author of many important works.

Metzger, Johann Jacob (1783–1853), Electrical plate machine, 256

Meusel, Johann Georg, 233

Meyer, “Chymische Versuche ...; sull’ elettricità animale ...” (Sue i 127), 1792.

Meyer, Com., “... virtù della calamita ...”: Roma, 1696.

Meyer, Ernst van (_at_ Lavoisier, A. L.), 262

Meyer, F. C., de luce boreali, 140

Meyer, H. von, of Frankfort (Archiv. f. d. Ges. Natural, XIV. p. 342), 288

Meyer, Herman Joseph (1796–1856), Meyer’s Konversations-Lexikon: Leipzig und Wien, 30, 152, 262, 335, 389, 392, 559

Meyer, Johann Friedrich (1705–1765), “Chymische Versuche ... elektrischen materie ...,” 1764, 555

Meyer, Johann Karl Friedrich (1733–1811), “Versuche mit der von Pallas ...,” 1776, 1777 and 1780, 346

Meyer, Moritz (Deutsche Klinik, 1857, No. 9), 386

Meyer, W. H. Theodor, “Bestimmungen ...” 1857, and “Beobachtungen ...,” 1858.

Meyerstein, J. _See_ Meissner and Meyerstein.

Meygenberg, Conrad van, “Book of Nature,” 34

Mezzini (_at_ Aldini, G.), 305, and (_at_ Reinhold, J. C. L.), 327

Mical, L’Abbé N. (1780–1844), 171. _See_ “Nouv. Biog. Gén.,” XXXV. 312.

Micali, Joseph (1780–1844), “L’Italie avant la domination des Romains,” 8

Micanzio, Fra Fulgentio, 110, 113

Michael de Montaigne (1533–1592) (“Nouv. Biog. Gén.,” XXXVI. 55), 299–300

Michaelis, Jean David P. (1717–1791), 5, 9, 10, 326, 332

Michaud frères, “Biographie Universelle Ancienne et Moderne”: Paris et Leipzig, 1811–1853, 2, 12, 25, 45, 58, 68, 71, 93, 95, 106, 122, 140, 146, 148, 163, 164, 170, 186, 189, 203, 208, 220, 232, 233, 235, 236, 243, 258, 259, 263, 265, 277, 280, 292, 301, 303, 306, 370, 400, 406, 455, 456, 464, 518, 527

Michaud, Joseph François, “History of the Crusades,” 31

Michell--Michel--John (1724–1793), Artificial magnets, 191, 206, 217

Michelotti, V., “Précis de nouvelles expériences galvaniques,” 1809, 295

Middeldorpf, A., 1854 (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N.), 330

Middleton, Capt. Christopher (_d._ 1770), 267

Miers, Prof. H. A. (_at_ Chladni, E. F. F.), 315

Migne, Jacques Paul (1800–1875), “Patrologiæ cursus completus,” 1854

Milano--Milan--Effemeridi Chim. Mediche, 363

Miles, Rev. Henry of Tooting, 172

“Militaire Spectateur Hollandais,” 397

Miller and Daniell (Phil. Trans. for 1844, Part I.).

Miller (_at_ Philostratus, Flavius), 533

Miller, Benigne Emmanuel Clément (Revue de Biographie Analytique, par E. C. Miller et G. A. Aubenas, 1804).

Miller, George, D.D. (1764–1848), “History Philosophically Illustrated from the Fall of the Roman Empire to the French Revolution, 1832” (Dublin Academy, VII. 139); “Elements of Natural Philosophy,” 1799, 23, 32, 33, 42, 55, 56, 57, 61, 66, 96, 102, 116, 130, 134, 248, 262, 284, 441

Miller, Gerh. And., “Schreiben ... d. elektricität ...,” 1746.

Miller, Hugh, “Essays ... scientific”: Edinburgh, 1862.

Miller, Samuel, D.D., “Retrospect ...,” 3 Vols. 1805, 10

Miller, William Allen, “Chemistry ...,” 1871, 433, 467, 470

Milliet--De Chales--Dechales Claudius François (1621–1678), “L’Art de naviguer”: Paris, 1677; “Cursus, seu mundus mathematicus ...,” 1690, 1674, 110, 146, 273

Millin de Grandmaison, Aubin Louis (1759–1818), “Magazin Encyclopédique,” 1795; “Annales Encyclopédiques,” 1795, 384, 451

Milly, Nicolas Christiern, Comte de Thy (1728–1784), 235, 264

Milman, Henry Hart, D.D. (1791–1868), “History of Latin Christianity,” 36, 42, 144, 505, 523. _See_ Gibbon.

Milner, Thomas (1719–1797), “Exp. and Obs. in electricity,” 1783, 367, 556

_Mimosa pudica_ and _mimosa sensitiva_ (_at_ Dutrochet, Schmuck and _at_ Ingen-housz), 257, 464

Mines are fired by electricity in 1749, 189. It has already been noted (_at_ A.D. 1745, 176) that Watson exploded gunpowder (Phil. Trans. abridged, X. 288), and reference should be made to Franklin’s letter to Collinson, July 27, 1750, as well as to Priestley’s History (1775 edition, p. 78) and to Schilling’s report of the explosion of mines by galvanic currents, as mentioned herein, A.D. 1812, 421

Mining Journal. _See_ London Mining Journal.

Minkeller, M., 249

Minotto (_at_ Zamboni, Giuseppe), 420

Miot (_at_ Chappe, Claude), 301.

Mirmont, De la Ville de, 18

“Mirror of Nature” of Vincent de Beauvais, 34

Mirus, C. E. (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

“Miscellanea ... Tauriniensa,” 224

Mitscherlich, Eilard--Eilhert--M. (Allgem. Deutsche Biographie, XXII. 15–22), 471

Mizauld, Antoine (_at_ Schott, Gaspar), 126

Mochetti, Francisco (_d._ 1839), 424

Mœurs, de Reg. Athen., 5

Moigno, Abbé François Napoléon Marie (1804–1884), Aumonier du Lycée Louis Le Grand, “Traité de télégraphie électrique”; “Les Mondes”; “Le Cosmos, Revue encyclopédique hebdomadaire”: Paris, 1852–1870, 98, 242, 248, 365, 440, 556

Moillet, Mrs. Amelia, “Sketch of the life of James Keir,” 297

Mojon, Benedetto, junior, “Sur l’application ...,” 1845, 386

Mojon, Benedetto, senior (1784–1849), “Histoire académique du magnétisme animal,” 1841.

Mojon, Benoit, “Réflections ...” (Journ. du Galvan., XI. p. 168).

Mojon, Giuseppe--Joseph (_at_ Romagnosi, G. D. G. G.), 366

Molenier, Jacob, “Essai sur le mécanisme de l’électricité,” 229

Molinier, Victor, “Notice ... boussole au XIII^e siècle,” 61

Molitor, N. K. (_at_ Ingen-housz, Johan), 258

Moll--Gerhard--Gerrit, of Utrecht (1785–1838), “Sur des expériences electro-magnétiques” (Brewster’s Journal of Science, III. 1830). _Consult_ “Journal de Chimie et d’Histoire Naturelle,” Vol. 94, pp. 377–388; Moll and Van Beck (Journal de Physique, XCII. 1821); Moll, Van Rees and Van den Bos (Gilb. Ann. LXXII. 1822), 272, 273, 473

Moller, D. W. (_at_ Solinus, Caius Julius), 540

Möller, P. L., 440, 450

Mollet, Joseph (1758–1829), “Cours élémentaire de physique expérimentale,” 2 Vols. 1822 (Acad. de Lyon, Mai, 1823), 226, 367

Molyneux, Emery (_at_ Hues--Hood--Robert), 522, 562, 563

Mombret, Eugène Coquebert (_at_ Chladni, E. F. F.), 314

Monardus, Nicolas, 27, 516

“Monatliche correspondenz ... von Zach”: Gotha, 1800–1813, 462

Moncel. _See_ Du Moncel.

Moncomy, Balthazar de, 126

Mond, Dr. Robert L., xii

Monge, Gaspard, Comte de Péluse (1746–1818), 247, 294, 328, 375, 407, 417, 477. _See_ Jal’s Dictionary, 878–879.

Mongiardini and Lando, “Sul Galvanismo ...”: Genova, 1803, 330

Moniteur. _See_ Le Moniteur.

“Moniteur Scientifique.” _See_ Quesneville, Gustave Augustin.

Monro, Alexander (1733–1817), “Experiments ...,” 1793, 1794, 306, 327

Monroe, Paul, “A Cyclopædia of Education”: New York, 1913.

Mons, Jean Baptiste van (1765–1842), “Journal de Chimie” (complément aux Annales de Chimie), Bruxelles, 1802, 231, 248, 285, 306, 326, 337, 341, 350, 353, 362, 363, 367, 381, 383, 384, 388, 400, 452

Montagnana, Bartholomeo (born _c._ A.D. 1400), 528

Montagu, Basil (_at_ Bacon, Sir Francis), 102

Montaigne, Michael de. _See_ Michel de Montaigne.

Montanus, Arias Benedictus (1527–1598), 528

Montanus, Joannes Baptista (1488–1551), “Metaphrasis summaria ...,” 1551, 26, 525, 528

Montbéliard, Guénaud de (_at_ Morveau, L. B. Guyton de), 233

“Monthly Magazine,” publication commenced in London during 1796, 43, 229, 381

Monti and Gironi (_at_ Brugnatelli, L. V.), 363

Montpellier, Academy of Sciences, Histoire de la Société Royale, Mémoires, Recueils, etc., 276

Montpellier, Annales de la Société de Médecine (Ecole de Médecine), 328, 507

Montpellier, Catalogues méthodiques des livres scientifiques, 1855–1856.

Montpellier, Faculté de, 506

Montravel, Tardy de (_at_ Amoretti, Carlo), 401

Montucla, Jean Etienne (1725–1799), “Histoire des Mathématiques,” 79, 81, 122, 123, 171, 220, 401, 505, 506, 510, 520, 521, 527, 531

Moon, Robert. _See_ Fresnel.

Moore, Bishop of Norwich (_at_ Rohault, Jacques), 129

Moore, Sir John (1761–1809), 397

Morales, G. de, 1605, 553

Morant, Philip (_at_ Gilbert, William), 92

Moreau, on the electrical organs of fishes, 300

Moreri, Louis (1643–1680), “Le Grand Dictionnaire Historique,” 1740, 163, 513

Morgagni, Giovanni Battista (1682–1771), 147, 148

Morgan, George Cadogan (1754–1798), 282

Morgan, J., 1815 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), 385

Morhof, Daniel George (1639–1691), “Polyhistor ... et rerum commentarii,” 1688, 55

Morichini, Domenico Pini (1773–1836), 423–424

Morieni, Romani, “De re metallica”: Parisiis, 1559, 502

Morin, Jean Baptiste (1583–1656), 183, 187

Moringo--Moringuo--Gerardus (_at_ Augustine, Aurelius, Saint), 25

Morlet (_at_ Hansteen, Christoph), 446

Morley, Henry (_at_ Agrippa, H. C.), 502; (_at_ Cardanus, H.), 507

Morozzo--Morotius--Carlo Luigi, Comte de (1744–1804), 295

Morrell, Thomas, “Elements of the History of Phil. and Sc.,” 108, 268

Morris, George S., translator of Ueberweg’s “Hist. of Phil.,” 26, 32, 33, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 102

Morris, William, 6

Morrison, Charles (fl. 1753), 208–209, 241 (Dict. Nat. Biogr., 1909, Vol. XIII. p. 1004).

Morse, Prof. Samuel Finley Breese. _See_ Prime, Samuel Irenæus, 197

Mortenson, “Dissertatio de electricitate ...,” 1740, 1742, 555

Mortimer, Cromwell (_d._ 1752), 154, 155, 547. _See_ Royal Society.

Morveau, Baron Louis Bernard Guyton de (1737–1816), 233, 236, 247, 333, 354, 372, 392. _See_ Paris, Annales de Chimie.

Moscati, Pietro (_at_ Ingen-housz, Johan), 257

Moser, L., and Riess, R. T., 423

Moser, Ludwig, “Über d. n. magnetischen Entdeckungen,” 1834, 423; “Repertorium der physik.” _See_ Dove, Heinrich Wilhelm.

Moses (_at_ the Etruscans), 9

Moss, Joseph William, “Manual of Classical Biography,” 11, 18

Motte, Benjamin. _See_ Royal Society.

Mottelay, Paul F., xiv, 92

Moulton, Chas. Wells, “Library of Literary Criticism,” 62, 102, 124, 132, 134, 199, 216, 228

Moulton, John Fletcher (_b._ 1844). _See_ Spottiswoode, William.

Mountaine, W., and Dodson, J., 165, 267, 315, 555

Mountaine, William, “Epitome of the Art of Navigation,” 1744, 165, 166. He was associated with James Dodson, in the publication of “An account of the methods used to describe lines on Dr. Halley’s chart,” 1746.

Mouzin, P. (_at_ Bolten, J. F.), 246

Moyes, Henry, “Heads of a course of lectures on the philosophy of chemistry,” 1780, 270, 342, 347

Muirhead, James Patrick, translator of Arago’s “Eloge of James Watt,” 126, 190, 228, 313

Muirhead, Professor Lockhardt, 462

Müller, G. F. (_at_ Gmelin Family), 450

Müller, Johann Heinrich Jacob, “Lehrbuch der Kosmichen Physik,” 1856, 1865 and 1872, 140, 288; Diamagnetism (Pogg. Ann., Vol. 83 for 1851).

Müller, Johannes, German scientist and astronomer, known as _Regiomontanus_ (1436–1476), 67. _See_ Joannes de Monte Regio.

Müller--Mueller--Gerhard Andreas (1718–1762), 450

Muller-Pouillet, “Lehrbuch der physik und meteorologie,” 2 Vols. 1868–1869.

Mulloch, F. G. A., “Democriti Abderitæ ...,” 1843, 511

Multiplicator: Nobili and Antinovi: in 1822. _See_ Oersted in 1825–1826.

Multiplier, electro-magnetic of Schweigger (_at_ A.D. 1811), 413–414

Multiplier of Colladon, and of Henry, at pp. 112, 242, of Ronalds’ Catalogue.

Multiplier of electricity of Cavallo, 244

Mumenthaler, John Jacob (1729–1813), _at_ Ingen-housz, 249, 257

Muncke, Georg Wilhelm (1772–1847), “Handbuch der naturlehre,” 2 Vols. 1829–1830, 308, 422. _See_ his numerous articles on magnetism, etc., in Gilb. Ann., Pogg. Ann. and Schweig. Journ.

Mundt, electrical machine of silken strips, 449

Mung-khi-py-than, 23, 29

Munich--München--Academie. _See_ Bavarian Academy.

Munich--München--Royal Society, 381

Munichs, M. (_at_ Gallitzin, D. A.), 243

Munk, Salomon, “Mélanges de philosophie Juive et arabe,” 39

Munk, William, “The roll of the College ...,” 91, 97, 105, 359

Munro, Alexander, 306, 332, 419

Murat, A. M., “Antiq. Italiana,” 36

Muratori, Ludovico Antonio, “Antiquitates Italiæ Medii Aevi.,” 539

Murhard, Fr. W. A., “Versuch einer historisch-chronologischen bibliographie des magnetismus”: Kassel, 1797.

Muriates produced by galvanic decomposition of water, 392

Murray, Dr. John (_d._ 1820), 428

Murray, J. (Phil. Mag., LIV. 39), 314, 424

Murray, Lord George (1761–1803), 316, 389, 437

Murray, John (1756–1851) (_at_ Oersted, H. C.), 455, and _at_ 419, 428–429

Musæum Regalis Societatis. _See_ Grew, Nehemiah.

Musæum Septalianum. _See_ Terzagus.

Muschmann--Musschman--M., Prof. of Chemistry at Christiana University, 442, 446

Musée de Chantilly, Manuscript of “La Cité de Dieu,” xix

Musée Tyler, Haarlem, Archives.

Museum d’histoire naturelle, Mémoires, 240, 288, 298, 300, 374

Musgrave William (1655–1721), Royal Society Transactions, 547

Muspratt, James Sheridan, “Chemistry,” 134

Musschenbroek--Musschenbroek--Petrus van (1692–1761), Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of Leyden, “Essai de Physique,” “Recueil d’expériences,” 111, 138, 156, 173, 174, 175, 176, 191, 204, 270, 299, 320

Mydorge, Claude (1585–1647), 109

Mylius, J. Ch. (1710–1757), 320

Myrepsus. _See_ Nicolaus.

N

Næggerath and Steininger (_at_ Chladni, E. F. F., A.D. 1794), 315

Nairne, Edward (1726–1806), “Experiments ... to show the advantage of elevated pointed conductors” (Phil. Trans., 1778, p. 823), 237, 238, 243, 252, 264, 265. _See also_ Phil. Trans., 1772, p. 496; 1774, p. 79; 1780, p. 334; 1783, p. 223.

Namias, Giacinto _(b._ 1810) (“Giornale Veneto di scienze mediche,” V. 3, 1860), “Della elettricità applicata alla medicina,” 1851.

Namur, Jean Pie (_b._ 1804), “Bibliographie Académique Belge ...,” 1838, 256

Nancy, Mémoires de, 277

Nancy, Société Royale, 512

Napier, James (1810–1884), “A manual of electro-metallurgy,” 339, 359; “On Electrical Endosmoses” (Chem. Soc. Mem. and Proceed., III. 28).

Napier, Macvey, “Memoir of Sir John Leslie,” 296

Naples, “Atti, Memorie, Rendiconto, della Reale Academia della scienze ...,” 495

Naples, the first academy of sciences, established in 1560, 75

Naples. _See_ Palmieri, Luigi.

Napoléon Bonaparte, 247, 248, 338, 339, 361

Naram-Sin (_at_ 2637 B.C.), 2

Narducci, Enrico (1832–1893), 50

Narrien, John, “Historical account of astronomy,” 521

National Academy of Sciences. _See_ Washington.

“Natura (La),” publication commenced by Rodolfo Capparrera in Florence during 1877, as “L’Elettricita.”

“Naturæ Novitates,” publication commenced in Berlin during 1879.

“Nature” of Parmenides, 532

“Nature,” publication commenced in London during 1869, 31, 63, 77, 93, 99, 107, 128, 140, 440

“Naturwissenschaftliche abhandlungen am Dorpat,” 1823, 368

Nauche, Jacques Louis (1776–1843), “Journal du Galvanisme,” 280, 305, 326, 330, 337, 363, 453

Naudé, Gabriel (1600–1653), “Apologie ...,” 107, 502, 538. _See_ account of his many curious books at p. 232, Vol. I. _See_ III. of “Notes and Queries.”

Naumann, Karl Friedrich (_b._ 1797), “Krystallographie,” 1825, 1830, 1841, 1850, 1852, 1854, 1856 (Pogg. Ann., III. 1825, XXXV. 1835).

Nautical Magazine (or Journal), London, 1832, etc., 61, 468

Nautonnier--Nautoniez--Guillaume de, Sicur de Castelfranco, “Mécometrie de l’eymant ...,” 1602–1604, 63

Navagero, A., “Orationes ... carmin ... nonulla ...,” 1555, 553

Navarrete, D. Martin Fernandez de (1765–1844), “Discurso historico ...,” “Recherches ... sciences nautiques,” 60, 509, 531

Neander, Johann August Wilhelm, 25

Nebel, Daniel Wilhelm (1735–1805), “De magnete artificiali”: Utrecht, 1756; “De electricitatis neu medico,” 1758.

Nebel, W. B. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 385

Necker de Saussure, Louis Albert (_b._ 1786) (Bibl. Univ., Feb. 1830).

Neckham, Alexander (1157–1217), Abbot of St. Mary’s, 31; “De Utensilibus”; “De natura rerum.”

Needham, John Tuberville. _See_ Mem. de Brux., IV. 1783; “Dict. of Nat. Biogr.,” 1894, Vol. XL. p. 157.

Neef, Christian Ernst (1782–1849) (Pogg. Annal., XXXVI. 1835; XLVI. 1439; L. 1840), “Nachschrift ... über elektromagnetismus,” 1821, 423

Negro, Salvatore dal (1768–1839), “Dell’ elettricismo idro-metallico”: Padova, 1802; Ann. delle scienze del Regno Lombardo-Veneto, II. 109; III. 1833; IV. 1834; V. 165; Mem. Soc. Ital., XXI. 323, 1837.

Nelis, Corneille François de, of Malines (1736–1798), 288, 434, 435

Nelli, Giovanni Battista Clemente, “Vita de Galileo,” 116, 117

Neophron, Athenian poet who flourished fifth century B.C., 543

Neoplatonism, Plotinus the father of, 534

Netherlands, Royal Institute of, 272

Neubauer, Adolf (1832–1907), 35

“Neudrucke ...” of Dr. G. Hellmann, 531

“Neue Freie Presse” of Vienna, 421

“Neues Allgemeines Journal der Chemie.” _See_ Gehlen, A. F. von, _at_ Scherer, A. N.

“Neues Conversations-Lexicon”: Köln and Bonn.

“Neues Journal für chemie und physik.” _See_ Gehlen, A. F. von _at_ Scherer, A. N.

“Neuesten entdeckungen in der Chemie,” Crell, L. F. F., 254

“Neuestes Conversations-Lexicon”: Wien.

Neumann, Carl, “Theorie der Electricitäts ...,” 1863, 1864.

Neumann, Franz Ernst (_at_ Hare, Robert, A.D. 1819), 449 (Crell’s Journ., XXVI. 1843).

Neumann, K. A., “Über meteorolithen ...,” 1813 (Gilb. Ann., XLII. 1812; XLIII. 1813).

Neumayer, G., “Bericht ... meteorsteines ...,” 1869.

Neve, T., “... concerning an aurora australis ...” (Phil. Trans., XLI. 843).

New Annual Register, 323

“New Cyclopædia or Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences,” 45 Vols. _See_ Rees, Abraham.

New England Magazine, 499

New General Biographical Dictionary, Rose, H. James, 2, 20, 24, 40, 43, 45, 68, 95, 107, 122, 156, 163, 202, 296, 533

“New London Mechanics’ Register and Magazine of Science and the Useful Arts,” publication commenced in London during 1824.

Newton, John, “Astronomia Britannica,” 1657.

“Newton’s Journal of Arts and Sciences,” publication commenced in London by W. Newton during 1820.

Newton, Sir Isaac (1642–1727), 58, 92, 95, 129, 132–134, 140, 145, 146, 150, 155, 159, 168, 181, 183, 225, 229, 238, 253, 315, 340, 461, 466, 472, 473, 484, 496

New York Columbian, 418

Neyreneuf, François Vincent, 426

Niamias, G. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386

Nicander of Colophon (fl. second century B.C.), 97, 529

Nicephorus, Callistus Xanthopoulos (fl. _c._ A.D. 1330), 142; “Historia Eccles. ...”

Niceron, Jean Pierre (1685–1738), “Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire des hommes illustres,” 97, 211, 507, 514, 527, 539

Nicetas--Hicetas--of Syracuse (fl. fourth century B.C.), 519, 530

Nicholas, Emperor of Russia, 422

Nicholas of Lynne (Carmelite astronomer, _at_ Lully, Raymond).

Nicholl, J. F., “Life of Sebastian Cabot,” 69

Nichols, Edward L., xii

Nichols, Philip (_at_ Kendal, Abram), 523

Nichols, Professor, “Cyclopædia of the physical sciences,” 461

Nicholson and Carlisle, 270, 337, 369, 419, 435

Nicholson, William (1753–1815), editor of the “Journal of Natural Philosophy,” “British Cyclopædia,” etc.

Nicholson’s “Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry and the Arts,” commenced in 1802, 36 Vols., 165, 208, 228, 231, 241, 245, 248, 249, 270, 278, 280, 281, 296, 298, 302, 304, 322, 325, 330, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 341, 342, 347, 349, 359, 362, 363, 367, 369, 370, 383, 386, 387, 388, 393, 394, 398, 405, 406, 407, 428, 431, 443, 449

Nicklès, François Joseph Jérôme (_b._ 1820) (Comptes Rendus, année 1851), “Recherches sur l’aimantation,” 1855.

Nicodemo, Francisco, “Bibliotheca Napolitana,” 1699, 516

Nicolas, Lieut. Nicolas Harris (_at_ Pasley, C. W., A.D. 1808), 398

Nicolas, Pierre François (1743–1816), “... électricité comme remède ...,” 1782, 385

Nicolas, Sir Harris (_at_ A.D. 1327–1377), 59

Nicolaus _Myrepsus_ (fl. thirteenth century A.D.), 27, 529

Niebuhr, Karsten--Carstens (1733–1815), celebrated German traveller, “Voyage en Egypte”; “Ansicht der Chemischen Naturgesetze,” 61, 453. _See_ “Journal des Savants” for Feb. 1818.

Nierembergius, Eusebius (_at_ Zahn, F. J., A.D. 1696), 146

Nierop, Dirck van, “Nederduytsche Astronomia ...”: Amsterdam, 1658.

Niño, Pedro Alonzo (1468–1505), 60

Nipher, Francis Eugène, “The Volt, the Ohm and the Ampère”: practical electrical units (Journ. Ass. Engin. Soc., Vol. VII. pp. 83, 89: New York, 1888).

Nivelet, François, “Electricité médicale ...,” 1860–1863, 386

Noad, Henry Minchin (1815–1877), “Lectures on electricity ...,” 1839, 1844; “A manual of electricity ...,” 1855, 1857, 77, 122, 140, 145, 150, 176, 181, 196, 205, 206, 207, 225, 227, 228, 231, 239, 250, 252, 271, 274, 287, 291, 292, 297, 308, 318, 325, 330, 334, 335, 337, 339, 340, 347, 355, 356, 373, 378, 379, 380, 391, 407, 409, 418, 423, 437, 440, 447, 448, 455, 457, 458, 459, 460, 465, 467, 469, 470, 471, 475, 476, 481, 483, 489, 493

Nobili and Antinovi, “Sopra la forza elettromotrice del magnetismo,” 1831, 1832 (Ann. del Reg. Lomb. Veneto, II. 96, 832; Phil. Mag. for June 1832).

Nobili, Leopoldo (1784–1835), 285, 413, 472, 473, 475, 477, 479 (Bibl. Univ., XXV. 1824; Ital. Soc. Mem., XX. p. 173; Pogg. Annal., XXXIII. 1834).

Noectus, C. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Noël, Bonaventura d’Argonne. _See_ Vigneul-Marville.

Noggerath, Jacob (_b._ 1788), 314 (Phil. Mag. or Annals, II. 46, 1827; Schweigg. Journ., III. p. 224, 1828).

Noggerath, J., and Bischof, C. G. C. (Schweigg. Journ., XLIII. 825, 1825).

Noggerath, J., and Reuss, G. C. H. (Phil. Mag., VIII. 174, 1830).

Nollet, Jean Antoine (1700–1770) (Mém. de Paris, 1745, Hist., p. 4, Mém., p. 107; _also_ 1746, Hist., p. 1, Mém., p. 1, and 1747, Hist., p. 1, Mém., p. 102; Phil. Trans., XLV. 187; XLVI. 368), 168, 174, 179, 180, 181–183, 185, 187, 188, 189, 193, 199, 201, 220, 224, 249, 257, 282, 320, 332, 554

Nomak. _See_ Romisch.

Nonius, Petrus. _See_ Nuñez.

Nooth, John Merwin, M.D., 278

Nordenskjold, Nils Adolf Erik (1832–1901), “Periplus,” 1897, 63, 139

“Nordisches Archiv. für d. Nat. v. Arzeneiw.,” 257

“Nördlischen Kätter für die chemie ...” _See_ Scherer, A. N.

Norman, Robert (fl. 1590), “The newe attractive, or account of the first invention of the dipping needle,” xiv, 70, 75–77, 97, 112, 115, 250, 266

“North British Review,” 466

Norumbega, the lost city of New England, 115

Norwood, Richard (1589–1675), “The Seaman’s Practice ...,” 1719.

“Notes and Queries,” 75

Nouveau Larousse, Claude Augé, 1, 25, 131, 262

“Nouvelle Biographie Générale depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu’à nos jours,” edited by Dr. Hœfer, 2, 5, 10, 16, 21, 24, 25, 31, 32, 38, 39, 41, 44, 45, 54, 58, 64, 68, 71, 79, 80, 81, 90, 93, 95, 97, 104, 106, 108, 109, 117, 122, 130, 137, 141, 145, 163, 164, 166, 170, 179, 186, 187, 190, 192, 196, 202, 205, 207, 233, 253, 255, 259, 262, 263, 265, 281, 282, 288, 289, 294, 296, 298, 301, 312, 347, 350, 359, 361, 367, 383, 386, 401, 434, 455, 462, 464, 483, 498, 501, 502, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540

Nouvelliste, Le, 298

Novara. _See_ Dominicus Maria Ferrariensis.

Novelli. _See_ Paola Antonia (_at_ Aquinas), 505

Novellucci, his electric plate machine, 256, 482 (Antologia di Firenze, August 1824, p. 159).

Novum Organum--Novum Organon--of Francis Bacon; Novum Organum, London, 1620, 1650, 1802; Lug. B., 1645, 1650; Oxford, 1878, 1889; Novum Organon, Lips., 1840; Clarend., 1813; Nuovo Organo, Bassano, 1788; Neues Organon, Berlin, 1793, xiv, 90, 92, 99, 103

Noya-Caraffa, Giovanni, Duke of (1715–1768), “Recueil de Mém. Æpinus” (Phil. Trans., LI. Pt. I, p. 396, 1759), 17, 193, 218

Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome, 9

Nuneberg, M. (_at_ Ingen-housz, A.D. 1779), 257 (Scelta d’Opus., XVII. 113).

Nuñez--Nonius--Petrus (1492–1577), 530

Nouva Collezione d’Opuscoli scientifici ...: Bologna, 257

Nouva Scelta d’Opuscoli, Interessanti sulle scienze, 2 Vols.: Milano, 1804–1807. _See_ Amoretti, Carlo.

Nuovi annali della scienze naturali: Bologna.

Nuovi Lincei. _See_ Rome, Accad. Ponteficia.

Nuovo Cimento, “Giornale di fisica, chimica ...,” edited by Matteucci and others, at Pisa and Torino.

Nürnberg, “Neues Journal für chemie und physik,” von Schweigger, J. S. Ch. von Vols. 1–30, 1811–1820 (30 Vols.), Vols. 31–42, 1821–1824 (12 Vols.); “Jahrbuch der chemie und physik ...,” Vols. 43–54, 1825–1828 (12 Vols.), Vols. 55–60, 1829–1830 (6 Vols.), Vols. 61–69, 1831–1833 (9 Vols.); “Journal für praktische chemie,” von Erdmann, Otto Linné, Vols. 1–108, 1834–1869 (108 Vols.), Vols. 1–14, 1870–1876 (14 Vols.).

Nyerup, Rasmus, “Univ. Annalen,” 158

Nyrén, Magnus (_at_ Swedenborg, Em., A.D. 1734), 165

Nysten, Pierre Hubert (1771–1818), “Nouvelles expériences galvaniques,” 305

“Nyt Bibliothek fer Physik ...”: Kjobenhavn, 453, 455

“Nyt Magazin fer naturvidenskaberne:” Christiana, 29, 446

O

Oberst, J., “Conjecturæ ... magnetis naturam ...,” 1760, 555

Obert, Klindworth and Minkeler (_at_ Ingen-housz, J., A.D. 1779), 257, 249

Observations sur la physique. _See_ Rozier, François, 258–259; Scudder, “Catalogue,” 1879, p. 110.

Oderigo, Nicolo, xx

Odier, Louis (1748–1817), 81, 82, 240

“Odyssey” of Homer, 5, 6

Oersted, Hans Christian (1770–1851), vii, 64, 81, 222, 345, 365, 366, 367, 376, 380, 381, 383, 384, 412, 413, 414, 421, 451–455, 456, 465, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 478, 482, 484 (Phil. Mag., XXIII. 129; LVI. 394; LIX. 462; Phil. Mag. or Annals, VIII, 230; Gehlen IV. Jour., III. 1804; VIII. 1808; Voigt’s Mag., III. 412; Schweigg. Jour., XX. 1817; XXIX. 1820; XXXII. and XXXIII. 1821; XXVIII. 1821–1822; LIII. 1828; Ann. Ch. et Phys., XXII. 1823; Oversigt over det Kongl. danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger, 1822–1823, 1823–1824, 1825–1826, and almost every year up to 1840 inclusively).

Offord, J., Jr. (_at_ 321 B.C.), ix

Offusius, Joannes Franciscus, “De divina astrorum facultate,” 1570, 11

Ohm, Georg Simon (1787–1854). _See_ Nipher, Francis Eugène, “Die galvanische Kelte mathematisch bearbeitet,” 1827; “Grundzüge der physik ...,” 1854, 384, 460

Ohm, Martin, brother of Georg Simon, “Spirit of mathematical analysis ...,” 1843.

Ohm’s Law, xiv, 384. _Consult_ Crystal, George (“Electrician,” Vol. XXV. p. 309, 1890); Hopkinson, John (1849–1898), Lectures at Inst. Civil. Eng., London, Vol. I. pp. 81–106, 1844; Kohlrausch, R. H. A., _also_ Tyndall, John (Phil. Mag., Ser. IV. Vol. III. pp. 321–330, 1852); Raymond, Jules, “Recherches ... loi d’Ohm,” 1870; Webb, F. C. (Phil. Mag., Ser. IV. Vol. XXXV. pp. 325–333, 1868).

Oken, Lorenz, 403–404

Olaus, Magnus, “Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus,” 1555, 71, 527

Olbers, Heinrich Wilhelm Matthaüs (1758–1840), on the Zodiacal Light, etc., 141, 345, 462

Oldenberg, Henry, Secretary of the Royal Society (1615?-1677), 142, 547

Olfers, J. F. M., “Die-gattung torpedo ...,” 1831 (_at_ Shaw, George, A.D. 1791), 298

Oliva, Joannes, Map of the World, A.D. 1613, 63

Oliva, Salvatore, Atlas showing both Americas, A.D. 1620, 63

Oliver, A., of Salem, Mass., Theories of lightning, thunderstorms and waterspouts (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., O.S. II. 74, 101).

Olmstead--Olmsted--Denison (1791–1859), 141, 457, 458, 461; “On the zodiacal light”; “Introduction to natural history.”

Omar Khayyám--Kheyyám (_d._ 1123), 38

Omont, Henri, xi

Ongania (_at_ A.D. 1436), 63

Onimus and Legros, “Traité d’électricité médicale,” 386

“Onomasticon Literarium.” _See_ Sax--Sachs.

“Operator, The,” publication commenced in New York during the year 1874; afterwards became “The Operator and the Electrical World.”

Oppermanno--Oppermanus--Septimus Andreas, 325, 326, 385.

Oppianus (fl. second century A.D.), “Halieutica,” 11

Opuscoli Act. Erudit.: Lips., 130

Opuscoli filosofici ..., 2 Vols.: Milano, 1827.

Opuscoli matematici e fisici ...: Milano, 257, 271, 295, 298

Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti, 22 Vols.: Milano and Bologna; Nuova collezione d’opuscoli scientifici ... 5 Vols.: Bologna, 1817–1824; Fr. Cardinali, Fr. Ovioli, and others, 175, 208, 241, 243, 248, 253, 254, 257, 258, 263, 270, 271, 272, 280, 281, 284, 295, 299, 306, 335, 347, 401. _See_ Amoretti and “Scelta di opuscoli interessanti ...”

Orb of Coition, 100

Orb of Virtue--Orbis Virtutis, 86, 100

Organe électrique artificiel. _See_ Volta.

Oribasius Sardianus (born _c._ A.D. 325), 26, 531

Origanus _recte_ Tost David, “Annorum Posterorium, XXX.,” 1609.

Origen, also called Adamantus (_c._ A.D. 185–254), 38

Orioli, F. _See_ Opuscoli Scelti ..., 258

Orléans, “Société Royale des sciences ...,” Annales.

Ormoy, Abbé d’, 282

Orosius (fl. fifth century A.D.), Historarium.

Orphei Argonautica of A. C. Eschenbach, 554

Orpheus, Vedic Ribhu, “Argonautica,” “Lythica,” “Bacchia,” etc., edited by the very distinguished Greek scholar, Andrea Christian Eschenbach of Nuremberg (1663–1705), 519, 530–531

Orsini, Count de Rosenberg, 10

Ortell--Oertel--Abraham (1527–1598), 63

Osann, Gottfried Wilhelm (_b._ 1797), ten articles in Poggendorff’s Annalen on Electricity, Meteoric Iron, Phosphorescence, etc., from Vol. VIII. 1826 to Vol. CVI. 1859; Grundzüge der lehre von dem magnetismus und der elektricität, 1847.

Osbun, Prof., of Salem, Mass., 234

Osmose. _See_ Endosmosis and Exosmosis.

Osorius--Osorio--de Fonseca, Jeronimo (_b._ 1506), “Histoire du Portugal,” Genève, 1581, 68

Ostertag, Johann Philipp (1734–1801), “... die Kentnisse der Alten von der Electricität” (Neue Abhandl. der Baierischen Akad., IV. 113, 1785); “Antiquarische Abhandl. über Gewitterelektricitat,” 1810.

Ostroy, van, 559

Ostwald, Friedrich Wilhelm (_b._ 1853), “Lehrbuch der Allgemeine Chemie” and “Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie,” 1887; established with Jacobus Hendrikus Van’t Hoff; “Elektrochemie,” 1896; “Ostwald’s Klassiker der exakten Wissenschaften”: Leipzig, 284, 391, 455

Otté, E. C. _See_ Humbolt, Alex. von “Cosmos.”

Otto’s letter to Benjamin Franklin, 67

Oudry, “Applications en grand de la galvanoplastie et de l’électro-métallurgie,” 1868.

Oughtred, W., “Descrip. ... double horiz. ... dyal ...,” 1674, 552

“Oversigt over det Kongl. danska Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandliger ...”: Kjobenhavn, 453, 454

Ovid, Publius Ovidius Naso (43 B.C.-A.D. 18), “Fastorum, libri xii”; “Metam. ... Numa ... Jupiter Elicius,” A.D. 17, 10, 462

Oviedo, Luis de, “Methodo de la coleccion ... medicinas simples,” 1622, 27

Oviedus, Gonzales. _See_ Gonzalus Oviedus.

Ovioli, F. _See_ Opuscoli Scelti, 257

Owen, Dr. Richard (1804–1892), 404

Owen, John--Oweni, Ioan (1560–1622), 523

Oxford University, Library, etc., 40, 99, 145, 151, 405, 497, 513, 530

Ozanam, Antoine Frédéric (1813–1853), 504

Ozanam, Jacques (1640–1717), “Récréations mathématiques,” 4 Vols. 1721, 1724, etc., 401

P

Pacchiani, Francesco Giuseppe (1771–1835), 392, 393, 419, 483 (Nuova Scelta d’Opuscoli, I. 277, 1804; Phil. Mag., XXIV. 176, 1806; Ann. Chim. di Brugnatelli, XXII. pp. 125, 135, 144, 1805).

Pac̄ifico, Salomone Ireneo (A.D. 776–846), 60

Pacini, Filippo (1812–1883), 299, “Sopra l’organo elettrico del Siluro elettrico del Nilo ...,” 1846.

Pacinotti, Antonio (_b._ 1841), “Descrizione di una machinetta elettro-magnetica ...,” 1864. This is the author’s _ring-armature with closed coils_ (Catal. of Wheeler Gift, No. 1601).

Pacinotti, L. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Padova--Padua--Accademia, Saggi, Memorie, etc., 140, 253, 303, 304, 528

Padova--Padua--Annali della scienze naturali, 363

Padova--Padua--“Giornale Astro-Meteoroligico,” 254

Padova--Padua--Observatory, 254

Padova--Padua--University, 253, 455, 460, 499, 502, 506, 515, 528

Padova--Padua--University, history of, by Boulay, 505

Pæologue. _See_ Paléologue.

Pagani, O. M. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 385, on medical electricity.

Page, Charles Grafton (1812–1868), on new electrical instruments, induction, etc., etc. (Silliman’s Journal, XXVI.-XLIX.; Bibl. Univ., X. 398), 234, 283

Page, Charles G., and Rittenhouse, D. (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., O.S. II. pp. 173, 175, 1786).

Page, John, of Williamsburg (_at_ Rittenhouse, David, A.D. 1786), 282

Paisley, Lord, “Experiments on his loadstone,” 161. _See_ Hamilton, James (Phil. Trans. XXXVI. 245, 1729–1730).

Pajot-Laforest (_at_ Aldini, Giovanni, A.D. 1793), 305

Palagi, A., “Nuove sperienze sull’ elettricità telluro-atmosferica” (Rendiconto dell’ Accad. delle scienze dell’ Ist. d’ Bologna, 1858, p. 72).

Paléologue, Georges Maurice, “L’Art Chinois,” 2, 3 (Acta Acad. Petropol., I. 1778; Phil. Trans. for 1776, 1778).

Palladius, Bishop of Helenopolis (A.D. 368–430), says that lodestone attracts the nails of ships....

Pallas, Peter Simon (1741–1811), 314, 451

Palm, G. A., “Der magnet in alterthum,” 1867, 15

Palma (Siciliano) Richerche medico-elettriche (mentioned by Bertholon, 1749).

Palmer, W. (_at_ Pasley, C. W., A.D. 1808), 397

Palmieri, Luigi (_b._ 1807), 337, 416, 420; Annali del Reale Osservatorio meteorologico ... Napoli, 1859 (Rendiconto dell’ Accad. di Napoli, IV. 1845; Giornale I.R. Istit. Lomb., N.S. 4, II. 346).

Palmieri, Luigi, and Linari-Santi, P., 337

Palmstedt, Carl (_at_ Shaw, George, A.D. 1791), 299

Pameyer, George (_at_ A.D. 1250), 34

Pancirollus, Guido (1523–1599), 22, 81, 123

Pander, Christian Heinrich, “Beiträge zur naturk,” 368

Pandulph, “History of Naples,” 211

Panormitano: name given to Anthony of Bologna.

_Pantarbe_, 10, 533

Paoli, Adrian (_at_ 600–580 B.C.), 10

Paolo, Rev. Maestro. _See_ Sarpi.

Paolo. _See_ Paulus Æginæ.

Paolo, the Venetian. _See_ Marco Polo--Paulum Venetum.

Papadapoli, Nicolaus Comnenus, 528

Para, “Cours complet ...,” 1772, 556

Paracelsus (1493–1541), 26, 64–65, 104, 301, 513, 529. _See_ Joannes Isaacus, _Hollandus_.

Paramagnetism, 494, 495

Paris, Académie Royale des Sciénces de L’Institut de France; Comptes Rendus hebdomadaires, X. and _passim_; La Connaissance des temps; Histoire et Mémoires de l’Académie, Table des articles ... depuis 1666 jusqu’en 1770 par Rozier, François (1734–1793); Recueil des pièces.

Paris, Annales de Chimie, par Guyton de Morveau, Lavoisier, etc., 1789–1815.

Paris, Annales de Chimie et de Physique, par Gay-Lussac. From January 1st, 1914, the work was divided into two distinct monthly sections: “Annales de Chimie” and “Annales de Physique.”

Paris, Astronomical Society, 481

Paris, Bureau des Longitudes, 481

Paris, Ecole-Faculté de Médecine, 273, 274, 284, 384, 385, 538

Paris, Faculté des Sciences, 373, 374

Paris, John Ayrton (1785–1856), “Life of Sir Humphry Davy,” 340, 341, 347

Paris, Magnetic Society, 425

Paris, Mémoires de, 207, 253, 268, 271, 279, 302, 320, 460

Paris Observatoire, 157, 268, 301, 477, 481, 482

Paris, Palais des Tuileries, telegraph erected upon, 329

Paris, “Paris et ses historiens,” 34

Paris Societies in addition to those elsewhere mentioned. _See_ Académie des Sciences, 1666–1790; Galvani Society; Institut Nationale; Journal; Société d’Encouragement; Société de Médecine; Société Médicale d’émulation; Société Philomatique; Société Philotechnique.

Paris University, 16, 530

Parke, translator of J. G. de Mendoza’s “History of the Kingdom of China,” 77

Parma University, 365

Parmenides of Elea (fl. fifth century B.C.) founder of the Eleatic Greek School of Philosophy, 511, 532, 543

Parrot, Georg Friedrich (1767–1852), 195, 308, 367, 368; “Handbuch der Physik,” 195, 420. _See_ Voltaic pile, chemical theory of (Voigt’s Mag., IV. 1802; Gilb. Annal., XII. XXI. LV. LX. LXI.; Ann. de Chim. et Phys., XLVI.).

Parry (afterwards Sir), W. E., his magnetical observations, 139, 457

Parshall, Dr. Horace Field, xii

Parthey, Gustav Friedrich Constantin, 520

## Partington, C. F. (_at_ A.D. 1770), 232

## Partington, M. (_at_ Molenier, Jacob, A.D. 1768), 229

Pascalis, P. A., Mémoire sur l’électricité médicale, 1819, 385

Pasley, Sir Charles William (1780–1861), Telegraph, 397–398, 399, 442, 439 (Phil. Mag., XXIX. XXXV.).

Pasqual, A. R., “Descr. ... aguja nautica,” 1789, 556

Pastoret, Claude Emmanuel J. P. de, 542

Pasumot, Fra., “Observations sur les effets de la foudre,” 1774, 556

Paterson, William, Lieut.-Gov. of New South Wales (1755–1810), “On a new electrical fish, the _Tetrodon electricus_” (Phil. Mag. for 1786), 297

Patterson, Prof. Robert (1743–1824) (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., O.S. II. 251, III. 321).

Patterson, R. M., on electricity from steam (Silliman’s Jour., XI. 1841).

Pauli, Adrian, 8

Paulian, Aimé Henri (1722–1801), 183, 205, 555

Paulsohm, P. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 385

Paulum Venetum. _See_ Polo, Marco, _at_ A.D. 1271.

Paulus Ægenita--Æginata--Paul of Ægina, Greek physician (fl. seventh century A.D.), 20, 519

Paulus Jovius, “Historiarum sui temporis ...,” 1552, 58, 506, 507

Paulus Venetus. _See_ Sarpi, Pietro, herein, _at_ A.D. 1632.

Pauly, August Friedrich von, “Real-Encyclop. der class. Alterthums ...,” 25

Pauthier, Jean Pierre Guillaume, “Chine Ancienne,” 2, 3

Pavia, Rivista di Fisica, Mat. e Sc. Naturali, 57

Pavia University, 246, 284, 361, 424

Payssé, M., Expérience relative au galvanisme, 285, 306

Pazienti, A., “Dell’ azione ... dell’ elettrico e del magnetismo ...,” 1846 (Giornale Veneto di Scienza Medicale, V. Ser. II. 1855).

Peabody, Col. Francis (_at_ A.D. 1771), 234

Peacock, Dr. George (_at_ Young, Thomas, A.D. 1807), 396

Pearson, George (1751–1828), 324, 375 (Phil. Mag., XV. 274, 1803).

Pearson, Karl, “Grammar of Science,” 102

Pearson, Richard. _See_ Royal Society.

Peart, Edward (1756–1824), “On electric atmospheres,” 1793, 312, 556

Peckham, John (John of London), 42, 45

Péclet, Jean Claude Eugène (1793–1857), “Essai historique sur l’électricité” (Ann. Chim. et Phys. an 1841, 3^e Série).

Pedacius, Greek botanist, 11

Pedemontani, Alexander, “De secretis ...,” 1560, 553

Peel, W., on the production of muriates (Phil. Mag., XXIII. 257), 392, 419

Peirce, Prof. C. Saunders, xx

Pell, John, “Gellibrand’s discourse on the variation of the magnetic needle,” 119

Pellechet, Marie, “Catalogue général des incunables,” 26, 37, 501, 504

Pelletan, Charles (_at_ Volta, Alessandro, A.D. 1775), 247; _also_ (_at_ Humboldt, Alex. von., A.D. 1799), 333, _and_ (_at_ Fourcroy, Ant. Fr. de. A.D. 1801), 354

Pelletan, Philippe Jean (_at_ Volta, A.D. 1775), 247

Pelliciarius. _See_ Marbodeus Gallus.

Peltier, Jean Charles Athanase (1785–1845), discoverer of the _Peltier effect_. _See_ Le Roux, F. P. (Proc. Birmingham Philos. Soc., Vol. V. pp. 53–56, 1886; Edinb. New Philos. Journ., Vol. XXXVII. pp. 298–304 and Vol. XXXVIII. pp. 97–101, 1844–1845; Ann. Ch. et Phys., 1834, 1836, 1839). The well-known Peltier electroscope was anticipated by Milner, Thomas (1719–1797), in his “Experiments ...,” 1783, 204, 367, 381, 416

Peltierin (“Annales de Chimie,” LXV. p. 330), 321

Penada, Jacopo (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Pennsylvania University, 278, 319, 373, 435, 446

Penny Cyclopædia, edited by Charles Knight, 4, 11, 12, 19, 127, 264, 302, 317, 322, 438, 441

Penrose, F., “Treatise on electricity,” 1752; “Essay on magnetism,” 1753, 555

People’s Cyclopædia, 240

Pepper, J. H., “Cyclopædic Science,” “Voltiac electricity,” 223, 256, 304, 305, 336, 339

Pepys, Samuel, “Diary,” 127

Pepys, William Haseldine, Jr., 373

Pepys, William Haseldine, Sr. (1775–1856), 289, 338, 371–373, 378, 393, 403

Percival, Thomas (1740–1804), “Medical and experimental essays,” 386

Perego, Antonio (_b._ 1787), “Relatione sul fulmine caduto in Iseo” (Comment. Ateneo Brescia, 1834, for aerolites, and 1842, p. 77, for a new electroscope); “Atti delle Adunanze dell’ Imp. Reale Istituto Veneto di scienze, lettere ed arti,” 1846.

Peregrinus--Peregrini, Petrus de Maricourt (fl. thirteenth century, A.D.), “De Magnete ...”: Augsburgi, 1558, vii, xi, xiv, xix, xx, 33, 42, 44, 45–54, 57, 72, 73, 76, 83, 87, 88, 110, 112, 115, 526, 544

Perewoschtschikow--Perevoschtchikoff--Demetrius (_b._ 1760) (Bulletino della Soc. Imp. dei Naturalisti di Mosca, 1829).

Periander of Corinth (fl. _c._ 625 B.C.), 7

Pericles (_at_ Anaxagoras), 503

Period of the five (Chinese) Emperors, 1

Perkins, Benjamin Douglas Elisha (1741–1799), Perkinism, 327; “The influence of metallic tractors on the human body,” 1798, 1799.

Perkins, John, “Conjectures concerning winds and waterspouts,” 1786 (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., II. 335).

Péron, François (1775–1810), “Voyage de découvertes ...,” 1807.

Péron F., and Freycinet L., “Voyages ...,” 1816, 442

Perpetual motion engine, 50, 52, 53, 86, 120

Perry, John (_at_ Faraday, Michael, A.D. 1821), 492

Person, Charles Cleophas (_b._ 1801), 330; “Théorie du Galvanisme ...,” 1831; Medical Galvanism (Journal des Connaissances médico-chirurgicales, 1853; Journal de Physiol. Expér., 1830, X. 216).

Peschel, C. F., “Elements of Physics,” 3 Vols. 1845.

Peschel, Oscar Ferdinand (_at_ Bianco, Andrea, A.D. 1436), 64

Peter the Lombard. _See_ Monroe “Cyclopædia,” Vol. IV. p. 660, and its very numerous references, 41

Peters, C. A. F. _See_ “Zeitschrift für populäre.”

Petersburg. _See_ Saint Petersburg.

Petersdorff, F. C. von (_at_ Chladni, E. F. F., A.D. 1794), 314

Petersen, Frederick Christian (1786–1856), 333

Peterson, William (1755–1810), Lieut.-Gov. of New South Wales, 297

Petetin, Jacques Henri Désiré (1744–1808), 229, 351, 385; “Nouveau mécanisme de l’électricité,” 1802; “Théorie du galvanisme ...,” 1803; Société de santé de Lyon, Actes, etc.

Petit, Fédéric (_b._ 1810), on meteors, etc. (Toulouse Academy Reports, 3rd and 4th Series, for 1844, 1846, 1848, 1849, 1855), 315

Petit, P., “A letter ... where ... a globous magnet called _terrella_ and the variation of the variation is examined” (Phil. Trans. 1667, p. 502).

Petit-Radel, Philippe (1749–1815), 305

Petrequin (_at_ Pearson, George, A.D. 1797), 325

Petri de Bergamo, 505

Petri de Vineis. _See_ Des Vignes, Pierre.

Petri, H. (_at_ Cusanus), 510

Petrina, F. A., “Entdeckungen im Galvano-Voltaismus,” 249, 258 (Baumgartner, Andreas Zeitschrift f. Phys., V. 1837).

Petrini, Pietro (1785–1822)--Petrini, P., and Cioni, M., 337, 392

Petropol. _See_ St. Petersburg.

Petrus Aponus--Apponensis--Apianus. _See_ Abano, 501

Petrus Lombardus. _See_ Peter the Lombard.

Petrus Nonius. _See_ Nuñez, Pedro, 530

Petrus Plancius--Plancius Peter, 94, 533

Peurbach, Georg von (1423–1461), Novæ theoriæ planetarum, 512

Pezzani, André (_at_ Lactantius, L. C. F.), 525

Pezzi, Cesare G. (_at_ Galvani, Luigi, A.D. 1786), 283–284

Pfaff, Christian Heinrich, of Kiel (1773–1852)--Pfaff, C. H., and Michaelis, G. A., 195, 270, 278, 285, 327, 331, 332, 333, 335, 353, 385, 393, 419, 493 (Gren’s Journal, VIII.; Ann. der Chemie, XXXIV. 307; Soc. Philom., II. 181, 1796; Gilb. Ann., Vols. VII. and LXXIV.; Phil. Mag., XXVII. 338; Schweigger’s Journal, Vols. I.-LXIV.; Gehlen’s Jour. f. Chem. v. Phys. for 1806 and 1808).

Pfaff, Johann Wilhelm Andreas (1774–1835)--Pfaff, J. W. A., and Schweigger J. S. C., 415

Pfalzbayr Beiträge for 1782, 285, 330

Pfluger, E. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386 (Monatsberichte d. Berlin Akad., 1858).

Phæacians, the, 6 (dwellers on the mythical island of Scheria).

Phædo--Phœdo--Phædrus. _See_ Plato.

Pharmaceutical Journal, London, 308

Pharos, Temple of, 18

Phenix of Alexandria (_at_ School of Athens), 544

“Phil. Graec. vet. relig.,” 511

Philadelphia, College of, 222

Philadelphia. _See_ American Museum, American Philosophical Society, Academy of Natural Sciences, Journal of the Franklin Institute.

Philip, Dr. Wilson (_at_ Bostock, John, A.D. 1818), 325, 443

Philip II, King of Spain, 77, 527

Philipeaux (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386

Philips, R., “Electrical formation of crystallized sulphuret” (Phil. Mag. or Annals, VII. 226, 1830).

Phillips, John, 249, 257

Phillips, Laurence Barnett, “Dict. of Biogr. Ref.,” 1871, 300

Phillips, Sir Richard (1778–1851), one of the editors of the “Philosophical Magazine,” 285, 428, 464, 466, 497

Philo, Judæus (_b._ 20–10 B.C.) “Libellus de Opificio Mundi,” 20

Philolaus, the Pythagorian (fl. _c._ 374 B.C.), 532, 537

Philosophia Britannica. _See_ Martin, Benjamin.

Philosophia Magnetica, 1629, of Nicolaus Cabæus was the second Latin book published on electricity; Gilbert’s _De Magnete_, 1600, being the first.

Philosophia Moysaica. _See_ Fludd, Robert, 554

Philosophia Naturalis, 1654. _See_ Regius, Henricus (Le Roy).

Philosophia Pollingana ... 1730. _See_ Amort, Eusebius.

Philosophical and Mathematical Dictionary. _See_ Hutton.

Philosophical: “History and Memoirs of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris”: London, 1742. _See_ Académie Royale des Sciences, Paris.

Philosophical Magazine--Philosophical Magazine and Journal ...; Philosophical Magazine or Annals of Chemistry ...; London and Edinburgh Phil. Mag. and Journal of Science; London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Phil. Mag. and Journ. of Sc., edited by Brewster, Kane Phillips, Taylor, Tilloch and others: under name of Tilloch’s Ph. Mag., etc.

Philosophical Magazine, etc., xvii, 43, 61, 81, 133, 140, 143, 148, 165, 178, 195, 201, 212, 214, 218, 221, 225, 229, 230, 231, 246, 248, 249, 252, 256, 258, 263, 270, 277, 279, 281, 285, 288, 289, 291, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, 305, 306, 308, 311, 314, 315, 326, 329, 330, 335, 337, 338, 347, 348, 349, 354, 359, 362, 363, 367, 371, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 380, 381, 382, 383, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 397, 398, 399, 400, 403, 405, 406, 411, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 423, 424, 426, 427, 428, 429, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 440, 442, 444, 446, 448, 449, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 460, 464, 466, 467, 468, 469, 471, 476, 477, 479, 481, 483, 486, 487, 488, 492, 494, 495, 496, 498, 499, 549–550

Philosophical Society, Cambridge, England.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. _See_ Royal Society, London.

Philostratus, Flavius (born _c_. 180–170 B.C.), 8, 533

Phipson, T. L., on Phosphorescence, Meteors, Aerolites, etc., 1858, 1862, 1867.

Phlogiston--Phlogistic theory from Boyle to Lavoisier, 261, 262, 362

Phædo of Aristotle, 537

Phœnicians, the, along the Syrian coast, 5, 7, 536; Phœnician star.

Phœnicians. _See_ Court de Gébelin, Antoine (1725–1784), “Monde primitif ...,” 1781; _also_ Huet, Pierre Daniel (1630–1725), “History ...,” 1717.

Phonograph, suggested _at_ (A.D. 1745), 171; _also at_ (A.D. 1620–1655), 103, and _at_ (A.D. 1641), 119

Photius, Patriarch of Constantinople (_c._ 820–891), 7, 541

Photometers of Lambert, Leslie, and Count Rumford, 225

Photometry (Photometria), 225

“Physikal ... Worterbuch ...,” edited by Gehler, J. S. T., 248

Physical Society of London, Proceedings, etc., publication commenced in London during 1876.

Physikalische-Bibliothek. _See_ Erxleben.

“Physiologische Darstellung der Lebenskräfte,” 284

Pianciani, Giambattista (_b._ 1784) (Bibl. Ital., XCIX. 97, 1835) (_at_ Shaw, George, A.D. 1791), 298

Picard, Jean (1620–1682), first observed electric light _in vacuo_, 132, 146, 268 (Anc. Mém. Paris, II. X.; Bibl. Ital., XCIX. 42).

Picchioni, L. (Bibl. Ital., XCVI. 404, 1839).

Piccinelli, G. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 385 (Opusc. Scelti, VIII. 310, Milano, 1785).

Piccolomini, Alessandro, _archivesco di Patrasso_, “De la sphera del mondo ...,” 1540.

Pickel, Georg (1751–1838), animal electricity, etc., 249, 257, 385

Pickering, Charles (_at_ Schouten, G. C., A.D. 1616), 98

Pictet, Marc Auguste (1752–1825), “On atmospheric electricity,” 199, 309, 327, 331, 407

Pictorio, Georg (_at_ A.D. 430), 26

Piderit, J. R. A., “Dissertatio ...,” 1745, 555

Piezo electricity: electricity developed by pressure, as in some crystals.

Pigafetta, Francisco Antonio (1491–1534), “Trattato di navigazione ...,” 67, 68

Pignotti, Lorenzo (1739–1812), 299, 392

Pigram, W. (_at_ Bolten, J. F., A.D. 1775), 246

Pilatre de Rozier, Jean François (1756–1785), “Sur la cause de la foudre” and “Sur des expériences électriques”: Paris, 1780–1781, 288, 554 (Journ. de Physique, XVI. and XVII.).

Pilkington, James, Bishop of Durham (1520–1576), 232

Pinaud, A., Electro-dynamics, etc. (Reports of the Toulouse Academy for 1843, 1844, 1846).

Pincio, Leon, “Biblioteca ...,” 516

Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 320

Pine, T., “On the connection between electricity and vegetation” (Annals of Electricity, IV. 421), 257

Pineda, Juan de, Spanish Jesuit (_c._ 1557–1637), 5

Pinkerton, John (_at_ A.D. 1809), 402

Pinson, P. C., “Essai ... applications de l’électricité à la médecine,” 1857, 386

“Pioneers of Science.” _See_ Lodge, Sir Oliver.

Pisa University, 392

Piso, Lucius Calpurnius, “Die Lorazischen ...” von A. Michaelis, 1877, 10

Pittacus (_c._ 652–569 B.C.), 7

Pivati, Johannes Francisco (1689–1764), 185, 186, 263; “Della elettricità medica ...,” 1747.

Pivia and Matteucci, 384

Pixii, Hypolite, Jr., Magneto-elect. apparatus (Ann. de Chimie for July 1832).

Pizarro, 475

Placidus, Heinrich (Schweigger’s Journal, XV.), 420

Plana, Giovanni Antonio Amadeo (_b._ 1781), Memoirs on the theory of magnetism, on the distribution of electricity, etc. (Mém. de Turin, Ser. II. Vol. III. 1844, 1845, 1864).

Plancius, Peter (1552–1622), 94, 532–533, 560

Plant electricity, researches on, 259–261

Planta, Martin de (1727–1772), 229, 256 (In Allg. deutsche Biblioth. XXIV. Anh. Abth., p. 549, 1760).

Plat, Sir Hugh (1552–1611), “Jewel House of Art and Nature,” 1653, 74, 124

Plata, F. M., “Dissertatio de electricitate,” 1749, 555

Plate of air electrically charged, 313

Platea, Francis Piazza (_d._ at Bologna, A.D. 1460) (_at_ A.D. 450), 27

Plateau, M. J. (_at_ 285–247 B.C.), 18

Plato, Athenian philosopher (_c._ 427–347 B.C.)--Platonists--“Ion”; “Timæus”; “Phædrus”; “Phædo,” etc. _See_ Monroe “Cyclopædia ...,” Vol. IV. pp. 722–725; 7, 8, 13, 15, 20, 43, 270, 515, 525, 533, 534, 538, 544

Plattes, Gabriel, 124, 125

Plautus, Titus Maccius (_c._ 254–184 B.C.). The greatest comic poet of ancient Rome. The “Bacchides,” etc., the _editio princeps_ of his works appeared at Venice in 1472.

Playfair, John (1748–1819), 99, 122, 156, 295, 296, 311; “Outlines of natural philosophy,” 2 Vols. 1812–1816; “Magnetising power of violet rays” (Phil. Mag., LIII. 155, 1817).

Playfair, Lyon Lord (1818–1898), 122, 423. _See_ Vapereau, G., “Dictionnaire ...,” p. 1260.

Pliny--Plinius Cæcilius Secundus (Caius) A.D. 23–79), “... Naturalis Historiæ ...,” 1st edition: Venetiis, 1469; “Naturæ Historiarum”: Venice, 1497; “Hist. Mundi ...” (History of the World, English translation by Philemon Holland, London, 1634). _See_ Græsse, V. 337; “New Int. Cycl.,” XVIII. 733, title page, xix, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 17, 18, 20, 21, 24, 26, 29, 43, 67, 72, 74, 97, 123, 124, 270, 503, 506, 510, 540

Plon, Nourrit et Compagnie, xii

Plot, Robert (1640–1696), Catalogue of electrical bodies (Phil. Trans., XX. 384, 1698), 547

Plotinus of Alexandria (fl. A.D. 205–270), 534

Pluanski, “Thèse sur Duns Scott,” 41

Plücker, Julius (_b._ 1801), 412, 495. On diamagnetism, etc. (Crell’s Journal, XXXV. 1847; Phil. Mag. for June 1849; Phil. Trans. 1858; Scientific Memoirs, Vol. V. Pt. XIX. p. 253; Pogg. Annal., LXXII.-CX.); “On the magnetic relation ... of the optic axis of crystals....”

Plumptre, Edward Hayes (1821–1891), refers to the system of posts organised by Persian kings; “The divina commedia,” 4, 41, 43, 44, 60

Pluquet, François André Adrien, 513

Plurality of worlds, roundness of earth, etc., 525

_Plus_ and _minus_ theory of electricity: Watson, 175; Wilson, 184; and Franklin, 196

Plutarch (_c._ A.D. 46–120), 4, 11, 14, 20, 74, 124, 140, 524, 525; “Life of Quintus Sertorius,” “Placit. Philos.,” “Quæstiones Platonicæ,” “Quæstiones Conviviales” (Phil. Trans., Watson, XLVIII. Part. I.).

Plymouth Institution, Transactions of the, 470

Poëy, A., “Météorologie ...,” 1861; “Bibliographic cyclonique ...,” 1866 (Comptes Rendus, XLIII. 1856, XLIV. 1857; Annuaire de la Soc. Météorol. de France, VIII. 75, 1860, IX. 42, 1861).

Poggendorff, Johann Christian (1796–1877), “Biographisch-Literarisches Handwörterbuch ...”: Leipzig, 1863; “Annalen der physik und chemie” (begun in 1824); “Geschichte der physik”: Leipzig, 1879, 8, 31, 66, 71, 75, 82, 90, 107, 140, 175, 199, 209, 214, 242, 254, 256, 258, 259, 263, 267, 271, 275, 280, 284, 292, 298, 302, 303, 306, 323, 324, 325, 326, 335, 350, 353, 359, 360, 364, 367, 370, 376, 383, 385, 387, 391, 395, 402, 408, 414, 415, 416, 423, 428, 432, 434, 441, 443, 444, 446, 449, 450, 451, 454, 460, 464, 467, 468, 471, 473, 476, 481, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 498

Poggioli, M. P., “Nouvelle application de l’électricité par frottement sans commotion” (Mémoire lu à l’Institut, Oct. 31, 1853), 257, 386

Pohl, Georg Friedrich (1788–1849), on electro-magnetism, etc. (Gilb. Ann., LXIX. LXXI. LXXIV. LXXV.; Kastner’s Archives, VI. 1825, IX. 1826, XI. 1827, XIII. and XIV. 1828), 478

“Points _versus_ knobs,” famous controversy commenced in 1772 by Benjamin Wilson (1708–1778), author of “A treatise on electricity ...”: London, 1750, and of “Observations on lightning ...”: London, 1773. _See also_ Pringle, Sir Joseph, 250–252

Poisson, Siméon Denis (1781–1840), 141, 215, 313, 375, 378, 409–412, 469, 479, 495 (Société Philomatique, 11, p. 180, 1803, _also_ for 1824, p. 49, for 1825, p. 82, and for 1826, p. 19; Mém. de l’Institut, 1811; Mém. Acad. Roy. des Sciences, V. pp. 247, 488, VI. p. 441).

Poisson, S. D., Gay-Lussac, and others, “Instruction sur les paratonnerres...,” 1824.

Pokorny of Prague, “Kronika Prace,” 209

Polarization, chromatic, by reflection, also coloured, 480

Polarization, rotatory. _See_ Magnetic rotatory polarization. _See_ Cadozza, Giovanni.

Polcastro, G. B., “Notizia sopre ... Pacchiani ...”: Padova, 1805, 392

Poleni, Marquis Giovanni de (1683–1761), 139, 253, 308; “Sopra l’aurora boreale ...”

Poles, magnetic, two--Bond _at_ A.D. 1646.

Poles of a loadstone: _See_ Petrus Peregrinus _at_ A.D. 1269, 46, 47, 48, 49, 54; _also_ Gilbert _at_ A.D. 1600, 83, 86

Poli, Giuseppe Sarevio (1746–1825), 199, 308; “Elementi de Fisica,” 5 Vols. 1802, 1824 (Opus. Scelti, II. 382).

Polidori, Luigi Eustachio (_b._ 1830) (Ann. di Chim. di Brugnatelli, V. 30, 1794).

Poligrafo, H., “Giornale di scienze ...”: Verona.

Polinière, Pierre (1671–1734), 148, 163; “Expériences de physique ...,” 1709, 1734, 1741.

Pollak (_at_ Zamboni, G., A.D. 1812), 420

Polo, Marco--Paulum Venetum--is said to have brought the compass from China into Italy, A.D. 1271–1295. _See_, for complete bibliographies, the references at p. 55 herein, _also_ the work published in 1818 by P. Zurla on Marco Polo and other celebrated navigators, and _likewise_ Charton Edouard, 55, 67, 527

Polybius, Greek statesman and historian (_c._ 205–120 B.C.), 19, 434

Polyglott Bible of Arias Montanus, 528

Polytechnic Central Journal, 422. The publication called “Polytechnic Journal” was begun in 1839–1840.

Polytechnic School of Paris. _See_ Ecole Polytechnique.

Polytechnisches Centralblatt, 414

Polytechnisches Journal von Dingler, J. F.: Stuttgart and Tübingen, Vols. 1–50, 1820–1833, 50 Vols.; Vols. 51–100, 1834–1846, 50 Vols.; Vols. 100–150, 1846–1858, 50 Vols.; Vols. 151–200, 1859–1871, 50 Vols.; Vols. 201–211, 1871–1874, 11 Vols.; Vols. 212–222, 1874–1876, 11 Vols.; Vol. 329, August 1, 1914.

Pomparium Melam. (_at_ Barbarus, H.), 506

Poncelet, Polycarpe (fl. second half of eighteenth century), 226

Pontano, Giovanni Giovano (1426–1503), “Liber de meteoris ...”: Strasburg, 45

Pontin, Magnus Martin de (1781–1858), 340, 343, 369, 419

Pontin, M. M. de, and Berzelius, J. J. F. von, 370

Poole, R. L. (_at_ Duns Scotus), 41

Pope, Alexander, translator of the “Odyssey” of Homer, 6, 7

Popham, Rear-Admiral Sir Home Riggs (1762–1820), 317, 400, 437, 439

“Popular Science Monthly:” New York, 92, 117, 315, 508

Porna and Arnaud, Medical electricity, 1787, 385

Porphyry--Porphyrïus--Greek historian (A.D. 233–304), whose most distinguished pupil was Iamblichus, author of “Life of Pythagoras,” 534

Porret, Robert (1783–1868), Voltaic Endosmose, etc. (Ann. of Phil., VIII. 1816), 440–441

Porta, Joannes Baptista--Giambattista della Porta (1538–1615), “Magiæ Naturalis,” 1588; “Magia Naturalis ...,” 1558 (“Natural Magick ...,” 1658), 13, 19, 72–75, 87, 110, 112, 124

Portolan, the oldest dated is that of Pietro Visconti, dated 1311, 63

Positivism, founder of, 534

Possidius, Saint, Bishop of Calama (_at_ A.D. 426), 25

Posts, the first institution of, ascribed to Diodorus Siculus (“Notes and Queries,” Oct. 31, 1863, p. 356).

Potamian, Brother, 92

Potocki, Count Jeroslas, 407

Potter, Richard (_b._ 1799) (Majocchi’s Annali di Fisica ..., 1843).

Potthast, August. _See_ “Bibliotheca Historica ...”

Pouillet, Claude Servais Mathias (1790–1868), “Eléments de physique expérimentale et de météorologie ...,” 1829, 195, 258, 312, 319, 373, 389, 416, 417, 426, 434, 461. _See_ Dezebry, “Dictionnaire ...,” p. 2306; _also_ Muller-Pouillet (Ann. de Chim. et de Phys., IV. 1837, XX. 1845, XXIX. 1849, XXXI. 28; Comptes Rendus, IV. 513, 785, XIX. 1384, LXIV. 1867).

Poujoulat, Jean Joseph François, “Histoire de Saint Augustin,” 1845, 25

Power, Henry, “Experimental philosophy ...,” 1664, 554

Pownall, “On the ether suggested by Sir Isaac Newton ...” (Phil. Mag., XVIII. 155).

Poynt Attractive--poynt respective--of Robert Norman, 76

Præpositas, name sometimes given to Nicolaus Myrepsus, 529

Prætorius (Richter), Joh., “De cometis ...”: Norimberg, 1579.

“Practical Mechanic,” Glasgow, 26, 233, 454, 498

“Practical Mechanics’ Journal,” publication commenced at Glasgow by W. and J. H. Johnson during 1848.

Prague--Prag--Academy, Memoirs, 387; “Prague News,” 209

Pravaz (_at_ Pearson, George, A.D. 1797), 325

Prechtl, Johann Joseph (1778–1854), 407, 424 (Gehlen’s Journal, VIII. 1809; Schweigg. Journ., IV. 1812, XXXVI. 1822).

Preller, Ludwig (1809–1861), 512

Premoli, Carlo P., “Nova electricitatis theoria ...,” 1755, 555

Prémontrés, Order of, at Celle, 145

Prescott, George Bartlett (1831–1894), 277, 290; “History, theory and practice of the electric telegraph,” “The speaking telephone.”

Prescott, William Hickling, “Account of the Emperor Charles V’s life,” 36, 114

Presles, Raoul de, “La cité de Dieu,” xix

Prévost, Jean Louis, on animal electricity, 1823, 1843.

Prevost, Pierre (1751–1839), “De l’origine des forces magnétiques”: Genève, 1788, 242, 315, 325, 481

Price, Dr. James (1752–1783) (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 282, 385

Prichett, Professor C. W., 142

Priestley, Joseph (1733–1804), 17, 29, 90, 131, 132, 150, 155, 162, 163, 164, 166, 168, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 183, 187, 189, 195, 197, 198, 204, 205, 206, 212, 213, 224, 227–228, 238, 240, 241, 256, 258, 262, 264, 322, 415, 418. _See_ Krunitz-Kirtz, Johann Georg (1728–1796).

Prieto, A. (_at_ Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), 308

Prieur-Duvernois, Claude Antoine (1763–1832), 280

Prime, Samuel Irenæus (1812–1885), 367, 407, 421, 422, 436, 455, 474, 481; “Life of S. F. B. Morse.”

Prince, Rev. John (1643–1723) (_at_ A.D. 1771), 234; “Worthies of Devon,” 107

Princeton College, 246, 421

“Principes de Physiologie,” 284

Principles of Physics. _See_ Silliman, Benjamin.

Pringle, Sir John, Bart. (1707–1782), 232, 240, 243, 250–252, 456, 457. _See_ Copley Medal.

Priscian--Theodorus Priscianus--Greek physician (fl. fourth century A.D.), “Rerum medicarum,” 7

Pritzel, G. A., “Thesaurus literaturæ Botanicæ,” 153, 170, 501, 506, 508, 516, 525, 529, 532, 540

Proclus--Procullus--head of the later Neoplatonists (A.D. 410–485), 2, 117, 533, 537. _See_ Taylor, Thomas.

Procopius, De bello Vandal, lib. II. Cap. II. Stars on spears, 24

Proctor, Richard Anthony (1837–1888), “Old and new astronomy,” 93, 138, 433

Prokorny of Prague, “Kronika Prace,” 209

Prutenic (Prussian) Astronomic Tables, 512–513

Pryce, William, “Mineralogia Cornubiensis ...,” 401

Psellus, M. C., “De lapidum virt. ...,” 1745, 555

Ptolemæus, Claudius, the great geographer (fl. middle second century A.D.), 40, 62, 72, 117, 124, 507, 508, 512, 513, 527, 533, 534–536, 539, 544. _See_ Joannes Stobnicensis.

Ptolemæus II, _Philadelphus_ (308–247 B.C.), son of Ptolemy Soter (367–283 B.C.), one of Alexander the Great’s generals, 18, 67, 74, 94, 114

Ptolemy Soter, 18. _See_ Ptolemæus II.

Puccinotti, F. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 385

Pulkowa (Russia) Observatory, 165

Pulvermacher, Isaac Louis (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 386; Medical electricity, 1859.

Purchas, Samuel (1575–1626), author of “Purchas, his pilgrimage ...,” 1625, 523

Pusckin, Comte de, 285

Puteanus, Bernardus, of Bruges, 562

Puteanus, Guilielmus--Dupuis (fl. sixteenth century A.D.), 536

Putnam, George Haven, “Books and their makers during the middle ages,” 25

Puységur, Armand Marie Jacques de Chastonet, Marquis de (1752–1825), “Magnétisme Animal,” 236, 237, 425. _See_ Dezebry, “Dictionnaire ...,” p. 2348.

Pyro-electricity: Davy (1800), 346; Haüy (1787), 286; Brewster (1820), 465

Pyrometus. _See_ Josiah Wedgwood’s tapered gauge.

“Pyrotechnie,” by Biringuccio, 553

Pyrrho, Greek philosopher (360–270 B.C.), 543

Pythagoras (569–470 B.C.)--Pythagorian--Pythagorician, 503, 511, 524, 530, 532, 533, 536–537, 542, 544

Pythagorean school or sect, complete exposition of, 537, 544

Q

Quaritch, Bernard, 561–564

Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature and the Arts, formerly the Journal of Science and the Arts, edited by Brande, W. T., at the Royal Institution, London, 308, 359, 367, 373, 440, 484, 497

Quarterly Review, 348, 359, 396

Quatrefages de Bréan, Jean Louis Armand de (_b._ 1810), 375

Queens’ College, Cambridge, 191

Quellmalz, Samuel Theodor (1696–1758), 167, 264, 385, 554; Dissertatio de magnete (Pogg., II. 548, 1722; Commerc. Litt. Norimb., V. and VI.).

Querard, Joseph Marie (1797–1865). _See_ “La France Littéraire,” _also_ “Bibliothèque Voltairienne,” 59, 186, 192

Quesneville, Dr. Gustave Augustin. _See_ “Le Moniteur Scientifique,” _also_ “Revue Scientifique et industrielle,” 30 Vols. 1840–9 to date, 18, 143, 247, 258, 259, 262, 280, 392

Quet, Jean Antoine (_b._ 1810), “Des divers phénomènes electriques,” 1853 (Comptes Rendus, XXXIV. 805, XXXV. 279, XXXVI. 1853).

Quetelet, Lambert Adolphe Jacques (1796–1874), 81, 314, 341; “Annales de l’Observatoire de Bruxelles”; “Histoire des sciences mathém. et physiques chez les Belges” (Mém. de l’Acad. de Bruxelles, 1830, 1831, 1839, 1840; Phil. Mag., Ser. IV. Vol. I. April 1851, p. 329, on atmospheric electricity).

Quetelet, L. A. J., and Zantedeschi, Francesco, “Sur les courants Electriques telluro-atmosphériques ...” (Bulletins de l’Acad. Royale de Belgique, 2^e série, XV. No. 5).

Quétif, Jacques, and Echard, J., “Scriptores Ordinis Prædicatorum ...,” 37

Quincke, Georg Hermann, “Sammlung ... elektrische Ströme,” 1856–1861, 441

Quinet de Certines, “Théorie de l’aimant ...,” 1809.

Quinet, J., “Exposé ... aiguille aimantée ...,” 1826.

Quinquet, “Observations sur les paratonnerres.”

Quintine, L’Abbé de la, “Dissertation sur le magnétisme des corps,” 1732.

Quintus Sertorius, 3

R

Rabiqueau, Charles A., “Le spectacle du feu élémentaire,” 204, 555

Racagni, Giuseppe Maria (1741–1822), 412

Raccolta di documenti ... della R. C. Columb, 66

Raccolta d’opuscoli scientifici ... by Calogera, Angelo: Venezia, 1728–1757, 51 Vols. The Nuova Raccolta ... 1754–1787 consists of 42 Vols. _See_ Calogera, 140, 308

Raccolta Ferrarese di Opuscoli Scientifici ... di Autori Ital. ..., 298

Raccolta Pratica di scienze, 248

Rackstrow, B., “Miscellaneous Observations ...,” 1748, 555

Rafn, C.G., Nyt bibliothek for physik ...: Kjobenhavn; “Magazin Encyclopédique,” 257, 306, 330

Ragozin, Z. A., History of Chaldea, 2

_Raia torpedo_, 135, 240, 298–299, 374

Raleigh, Sir Walter, xiv

Rambosson, J., Histoire des Météores, 1868–1869. _See_ Meteorites, etc.

Ramis of Munich (_at_ Gay-Lussac, J. L.), 388, 389

Rammelsberg, C. (_at_ Haüy, Le Père R. J.), 288

Ramsden, Jesse (1735–1800), 229, 256, 280

Ramus, Joachim Frederick (1686–1769) (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Ramusio--Rannusio--Giovanni Battista (1485–1557), “... Navigationi et viaggi ...”: Venezia, 1554–1556, folio, 60, 66, 515

Randolph, P. B., author of “Pre-Adamite Man,” 12

Ranke, Leopold von (1795–1886), 94, 102

Rankine, William John Macquorn (1820–1872), 347, 392

Ranzi--Renzi--Salvatore de, 299, 507

Rao, Cesare, “I. Meteori,” 1582, 553

Raphael, “School of Athens,” 542–544

Rapin, Nicholas (1540–1608), 16

Rashdall, Hastings, “Universities Europe ...,” 539

Ratte, E. H. de (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Rattray, Sylvester, 1662, 554

Rauch, C. V., 1851 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, A.), 386

Raulet, Mr. (_at_ Dalibard, T. F.), 200

Rawley, Dr. (_at_ Sir Francis Bacon), 101

Rawlinson, George, “History of Herodotus,” 19, 542

Rayleigh, John William Strutt, Lord (_at_ Faraday, M.), 493. _See_ Copley Medal, _also_ Royal Medal.

Raymond, Rossiter W. (_at_ Amoretti, Carlo), 401

Read, John I., Condenser of electricity, 289, 290, 312–313, 320, 360, 375

Reæl, Laurens, “Observatien ... (am) æn de magneetsteen ...,” 131, 554

“Reale Istituto Lombardo di scienze e lettere,” Atti, Rendiconti, Giornale, Memorie: Milano, 141

Réaumur, René Antoine Forchault de (1683–1757), 160, 173, 181, 240, 257, 270, 298, 299

Récamier, M. (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N.), 330

Records of general science, 159

Recueil de traités sur l’électricité, 1748, 555

Recueil d’expériences sur l’aimant, 1686, 554

Recueil Périodique de la Société de Médecine de Paris. _See_ Sédillot, Jean; _also_ Paris, Société de Médecine.

Recueil Périodique de Litt. Méd. Etrangère. _See_ Crichton, A.

Redi, Francesco (1626–1697), “Esperienze interno a diverse cose naturali ...”: Firenze, 1671, 135, 230, 270

Rees, Abraham (1743–1825), “New Cyclopædia or Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences,” 45 Vols. 1819, 92, 193, 392, 394

Rees, W. van. _See_ Moll.

Reibelt, Johannes Joseph Adam, “De physicis ... magnetis mysteriis ...,” 1731, 555

Reich, Ferdinand (_b._ 1799), 416

Reichenbach, George von (1772–1826), 432. _See_ Encycl. Britan., XXIII. 49; Brockhaus, XIII. 719.

Reichenbach, Karl Ludwig Friedrich Baron von (1788–1869), 12, 140, 401; Physico-Physiological Researches, 1851 (translations by John Ashburner and Dr. Wm. Gregory); “Odische Begebenheiten. ...,” 1862; “Odische Lohe ...,” 1867; “Odische Erwiederungen ...,” 1886.

Reichenberger, J. N. (_at_ Swinden, J. H. van), 274

Reichenstein, F. J. Muller von (1740–1825) (_at_ Haüy, Le Père René Just), 288

Reichsanzeiger, German publication, 325, 326, 383

Reggio, Nicolas de (_at_ Myrepsius, Nicolaus), 529

Reg. Societa Economica di Firenze, 330

_Regiomontanus._ See Müller, John, 67

“Register of the Arts and Sciences,” publication commenced in London during 1824.

Regius, Henricus--Le Roy (1598–1679), “Philosophia Naturalis”: Amsterdam, 1654.

Regnault, Le Père Noël (1683–1762), 161

Reid, David Boswell (1805–1863), and Bain, Alex. (1818–1877), Elements of chemistry and electricity.

Reid, James D., “The telegraph in America,” 226, 337, 418, 430, 440

Reid, Thomas. _See_ Royal Society.

Reil, J. C., Archives, “Uber thierische elektricität” (Gren’s Journal, VI. 1792), 285, 327, 393, 557

Reinhold, Johann Christoph Leopold (1769–1809), “Geschichte des galvanismus,” 326, 364, 393

Reinholdus, Erasmus. _See_ Erasmus.

Reinzer, Frank, “Meteorologia ...”: Augsburg, 1709.

Reisch, Father Gregorius, “Margarita Philosophica,” 35, 553

Reiser’s plate machine, 256

Reiss, Wilhelm (_in_ Poggendorff’s Annalen), 258

Reitlinger, E. (_at_ Lichtenberg, G. C.), 250; “Ueber ... elektricität auf Springbrunnen” (Aus den Sitzungsberichten Wien, 1859 and 1860).

“Reliquary, The,” 67, 130

Remak, R., 1856, 1860, 1865 (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N.), 330

Remmelinus, Joannes L. V., 553

Rémusat, Charles François Marie, Comte de (1797–1875), “Histoire de la Philosophie” (Bacon, etc.), 125, 128, 134. _See_ Dezebry, “Dictionnaire général ...,” pp. 2404–5.

Rémusat, Jean Pierre Abel (1788–1832). _See_ Dezebry, “Dictionnaire général ...,” p. 2404.

Renan, Joseph Ernest, “L’Averroës et L’Averroïsme,” 39

Renatus, Cartesius. _See_ Descartes.

Renaudot, Eusèbe (1646–1720), “Anciennes relations ... Chine,” 60

Rennefort, Souchu de, “L’aiman mystique,” 1689, 554

Rennie, George Banks (_at_ A.D. 1752), 203

Renwick, James (1790–1863), 282

Renzi, Antonio, “La divina commedia,” 1882. Dante is at A.D. 1265–1321, 43–44

Répertoire et sources historiques.... _See_ Chevalier, W. J.

Répertorium der experimental physik. _See_ Fechner, Gustav Theodor.

Repertorium der galvanoplastik und galvanostegie. _See_ Martin, Adam Georg.

Repertorium der physik. _See_ Exner, Prof. Franz.

Repertorium der physik, 8 Vols.: Berlin, 1837–1849. _See_ Dove, Heinrich Wilhelm von, and Moser, Ludwig F. These 8 Vols. are a continuation of Fechner’s Repertorium mentioned above.

Repertorium für chemie ...: Hannover und Leipzig. _See_ Ellwert, J. K. P. von.

Repertorium für organische chemie. _See_ Löwig, C. von.

Repertorium für physikalische technik ... experimental physik.... _See_ Carl, Dr. P.

Repertory of the Arts and Manufactures, 424, 434. It became “The Repertory of Patent Inventions” during 1794.

Restelli, A., 1846 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), 386

Resti-Ferrari, G. _See_ Zamboni, G., 420

Return stroke, or lateral shock of an electrical discharge, 184, 255

Reuss, Jeremias David (1750–1837), “Repertorium commentationum ...”; “De re electrica”: Berlin and Göttingen, 245, 263, 308, 328, 330, 386, 557

Reusser--Reiser--of Geneva (Voigt’s Magazin, VII. 57, IX. 183), 226, 315–316

Reveroni--St. Cyr, Jacques Antoine, Baron de (1767–1829), 292

Revillas, D., 1738 (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Revue Britannique. _See_ Sédillot, L. P. E. A.

Revue des Deux-Mondes, 476, 483

Revue Encyclopédique ...: Paris, 1819.

Revue Générale des Sciences, 140, 248

“Revue Internationale de l’Electricité et de ses applications,” publication commenced by A. Montpellier in Paris during 1885; afterwards incorporated with “L’Electricien.”

Revue Scientifique. _See_ Quesneville.

Reyger, G., 1756 (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Reymond du Bois. _See_ Du-Bois, Reymond.

Reynaud, J. J., “De la télégraphie ... résumé historique ...”: Marseille, 1851.

Reynolds, J. R., 1872 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), 386

Rezia and Brugnatelli (_at_ Brugnatelli, L. V.), 363

Rhæticus--Rheticus--Rhætius--surname of George Joachim (1514–1576), 508

Rhazès--Rasis--Muhammad Ibn Zakarīyā] (born _c._ middle ninth century A.D. in Rai, Persia), “De Simplicis, ad Almansorem,” 26, 516, 529, 537, 538

“Rheinische Beiträgen zur Gelehrsamkeit” for 1781, 285

Riadore, J. F., 1845 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), 386

Riccioli, Giovanni Battista (1598–1671), “Almagestum Novum,” 1651, 54, 55, 67, 93, 127

Richard, Rudolph (_at_ Swinden, J. H. van), 273

Richard II, King of England (1367–1400), 58

Richer, Jean, French philosopher who died in 1696, 129

Richer, T. (_at_ Shaw, George), Observations on electrical fishes, 230, 299

Richerand, Balthasar Anthelm, Baron (1779–1840), 284

Richmann, George William (1711–1753), Professor in St. Petersburg, killed by atmospheric electricity, 204, 320

Richter, Georg Friedrich (1691–1742), 270, 365

Richter, J.--Heidelberg, 1882--(_at_ School of Athens), 544

Richter, Lamballe and Erdmon, 386

Rico-y-Sinobas, M., 1853 (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Riddell, James. _See_ Merry, W. W., 6

Ridley, Marke (1560–1624), 79, 80, 97, 141

Ridlon, Gideon Tibbetts, “Ancient Ryedales,” 97

Ridolfi, Marquis Cosimo di, 256, 423, 477, 482

Riecke, “Rudolf Clausius”: Göttingen, 1889 (_at_ Grotthus, Baron von), 392

Riess, Peter Theophil (_b._ 1805), 420, 423; “Die lehre von der Reibunge-Elektricität,” 2 Vols. 1853, 1858, 1867.

Riess, P. T., and Faraday, M., 498

Riess, P. T., and Moser, L., 423; “On the magnetising power of the solar rays,” 1830 (Phil. Mag. or Annals, VIII. 155).

Riess, P. T., and Rose, G., “Über d. Pyro-Elektricität d. minerale ...” (Abhandl. d. Berlin Acad., 1843).

Riffault, Anatole, et Chompré, N. M., 390, 391, 394

Riffault des Hêtres, Jean René Denis (1752–1826), 394, 429. He also experimented with Chompré.

Rinklake (_Mimosa Pudica_), 257

Rinmann, S. (_at_ Haüy, Le Père René Just), 288

Ristoro d’Arezzo. _See_ d’Arezzo.

Ritchie, William (1790–1837), 225, 476

Rittenhouse, David (1732–1796), 282–283

Ritter, Dr. Heinrich (1791–1869), “Histoire de la philosophie ancienne” (History of ancient philosophy; Geschichte der philosophie), 41, 352, 353, 503, 504, 510, 512, 532, 533, 537, 542; Ritter and Preller, 512

Ritter, Johann Wilhelm (1776–1810), 257, 327, 335, 349, 380–384, 393, 419, 464; Ritter and Amorette, 1804.

Rive. _See_ La Rive.

Rivière--Rivoire--Antoine, “Traité ...,” 253

Rivista di Fisica, Mat. e Sc. Nat. Pavia, 57

Rivista, G. Ital., 58

Rivista Scientifico-Industriale. _See_ Vimercati, G.

Rivius, Johannes, “Vitæ D. Aur. Augustini,” 1646, 25

Robert on the electrophorus, 249

Robert, M., makes ascension with Prof. Charles, 288

Roberti de Valle Rotho, 1495, 553

Roberts and Donaldson (_at_ Lactantius, L. C. F.), 525

Roberts-Austen, Prof. Sir William Chandler (1843–1902), 372

Robertson, Abraham (1751–1826), 251

Robertson, Dr. William, Principal of the University of Edinburgh (1721–1793), “History of the reign of Charles V,” “Historical Disquisition ...”: Basle, 1792, 36, 61, 114

Robertson, Etienne Gaspard Robert (1763–1837), “Mémoires Récréatifs,” “Scientifiques,” “Acide Galvanique,” 248, 249, 275, 284, 342, 350–351, 419

Robertson, John M., “Philosophical Works of Francis Bacon,” 102

Robertson, Rev. Alexander, “Fra Paolo Sarpi ...,” 113

Robertus de Fluctibus. _See_ Fludd.

Robertus, J., “Curationis Magneticæ ...,” 245

Robespierre, Francis Maximilien Joseph Isidore de (1758–1794), 268–269

Robillard, M. _See_ Argentelle.

Robin, Charles (_at_ Shaw, George), 298, 300; and (_at_ Pepys, W. H., Sr.), 375

Robins, B. (_at_ Watson, Wm.), 175; and (_at_ Romagnosi, G. D. G.), 367

Robinson, Thomas Romney (1792–1882) (Trans. Roy. Irish Acad., XXII. 1–24, 291–311, 499–524).

Robiquet, Henri Edme (1822–1860), “... théorie de Franklin sur la nature du fluide electrique ...,” 1854.

Robison, John (1739–1805), 88, 89, 146, 156, 180, 225, 268, 307, 308–311, 327, 466, 498

Robson, W., translator of the “Historiæ Hierosolimitanæ ...,” 31

Roch, M. (_at_ Ampère, A. M.), 476

Roche, Ed. A. (_at_ Coulomb, C. A. de), 276

Rochegude, Mr. de, 16

Rodwell, George Farrer, “A Dictionaryof Science,” 1871.

Rœmer, Olaus (1644–1710), 157

Roeth, Eduard (_at_ Pythagoras), 537

Roger, D. J. N. Lud, “Specimen Physiologicum,” 241

Rogers, Wm. B., 369, 413, 453, 473

Roget, Peter Mark (1779–1869), 383, 467, 473, 475, 476

Rogge, H. C., “Bibliotheca Grotiana,” 518

Rohault, Jacques (1620–1675), 113, 122, 125, 129, 160. _See_ Jal’s “Dictionaire,” p. 1075.

Rohde’s “Système complet de signaux,” 400

Rohrbacher, François René, “Ecclesiastical History,” 34

Roiffé, Jacques C. F. de la Perrière de (_d._ 1776), 212

Rollin, Charles, “Ancient History” (1661–1741), 19, 504, 537, 542

Romagnosi, Gian Domenico (1761–1835), 365–367. For Romagnosi’s experiment, _see_ Ronalds’ Catalogue, pp. 436–437. _Consult_, likewise, the following:-- Aldini, Giovanni (1762–1834), “Essai théorique ...”: Paris, 1804. Ayrton, Wm. Ed. (1847–1908), “Electricity as a motive power”: Sheffield, 1879. Cantu, Cesare (1807–1895), “Notizia di G. Romagnosi”: Prato, 1840; Milano, 1835. Davy, Sir H. (1778–1829), “On the magnetic phenomenon ...” (Philos. Mag., Ser. I. Vol. LVIII. pp. 43–50), London, 1820. Govi, Gilberto (1826–1889), “Romagnosi ...”: Torino, 1869. Izarn, Joseph (1766–1834), “Manuel du Galvanisme”: Paris, 1805. Siemens, Sir Chas. Wm. (1822–1883), “On the progress of the electric telegraph” (Journ. Soc. of Arts, Vol. VI. pp. 348–358), London, 1858. Tommasi, Donato (_b._ 1848), “Histoire des sciences ...” (“Cosmos-les-Mondes,” Ser. IV. Vol. V. pp. 326–328), Paris, 1882. Zantedeschi, Feo (1797–1873), “L’elettromagnestismo ...”: Trent, 1859; “Trattato ...”: Venice, 1845.

Romas, de, Kite experiments, 203–204, 320

Romershausen, E., Marburg, 1851 and 1853, 257

Romich and Fajdiga, also Romich and Nomak, 492

Rommereul, General (_at_ Alexandre, Jean), 361

Ronalds, Sir Francis (1788–1873), “Catalogue of books and papers relating to electricity ...”: London, 1880, xiv, 5, 121, 140, 148, 179, 183, 199, 202, 208, 223, 229, 248, 253, 269, 290, 337, 366, 388, 389, 406, 423, 424, 438–440, 483, 550

Ronayne, Thomas, 201, 238, 270, 320

Rondelet, Guillaume (1507–1566), 270

Rose, Rev. Hugh James (1795–1838), English divine, who projected the “New General Bibliographical Dictionary,” carried on by his brother, Henry John Rose (1800–1873), 95, 531

Rose of the winds--wind roses--roses des vents--compass card, 59, 63, 509

Rosel (_at_ Humboldt, F. H. Alex. von), 332

Rosenberg, A. G., 1745, 555

Rosenberger, Ferdinand (_at_ Guericke, Otto von), 126

Rosenmüller, Ernst Friedrich Carl, 528

Rosenthal, J., 1862 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), 386

Rosicrucians, 65

Rosier. _See_ Rozier.

Rosny, Léon de, “Les peuples orientaux ...,” 5

Ross, David (_at_ Cassini, J. J. D.), 267

Ross, Sir James Clark (1800–1862) (Ronalds’ Catalogue, p. 440), 458

Ross, Sir John (1777–1856). _See_ Ronalds’ Catalogue, p. 441, _also_ pp. 457 and 458 herein.

Rossel, Admiral de, magnetic observations, 250

Rossetti, Francisco (1833–1895). _See_ Bibliografia Italiana.

Rossi, Francesco (_d._ 1841), “Expériences galvaniques ...” See Giulio.

Rossi-Rubeis, B. M. de, 505

Rossignol, Jean Pierre (_b._ A.D. 1804), “Les métaux dans l’antiquité ...,” 1863.

Rossler, T. F., 1776, 556

Rost, J. L. (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Rotatory Polarization. _See_ Cadozza, Giovanni, _also_ Arago, D. F. J. _See_ Magnetism, rotatory.

Rotterdam, “Bataafsch genootschap ...”: Verhandelingen, 292 (Batavian society of experimental philosophy; Mém. de la société de physique experimentale).

Rouelle, G. F. (_at_ Milly, N. C. de), 235

Rouget’s observations on the _gymnotus electricus_, 230

Roul (_at_ Zamboni, G.), 420

Rouland and Detienne (_at_ Volta, Alessandro), 249

Rouland, N., “Electricité appliquée aux végétaux,” 257, 449

Roundness of the earth and antipodes ridiculed, 523–525

Rouppe (_at_ Galvani, Aloysio), 285

Rousseau, Jean Jacques (_at_ Alexandre, Jean), 360

Roussel (_at_ Galvani, Aloysio), 284

Roux, Augustin, “Expériences Nouvelles,” 255

Roux, F. I., “Conservation des plaques ...,” 1866, 347

Roveredo, Gazetta di, 367

Rowles, S. (_at_ Heraclides), 519

Royal Academy of Sciences of Paris, the philosophical history and memoirs of ..., Vols. I.-V. _See_ Paris, Académie Royale.

Royal Astronomical Society of Great Britain, London, 471, 481

Royal Institution of Great Britain, Proceedings, etc., 277, 307, 322, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 344, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 395, 396, 425, 433, 467, 474, 478, 482, 484, 488, 489, 496, 497, 498, 499. _See_ “Journal of Science and the Arts,” _also_ “Journal of the Roy. Inst.,” _likewise_ the “Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature, and the Arts.”

Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, Proceedings, etc., 263, 521

Royal Medal, awarded to Michael Faraday, 498. The very first award of the Royal Medal was made to John Dalton in 1826. Its other recipients embrace Sir Humphry Davy, 1827; Sir David Brewster, 1830; Michael Faraday, 1835, and 1846; Lord Rayleigh, 1882.

Royal Society of Edinburgh, Proceedings, etc., 140, 142, 466

Royal Society of Literature, Transactions, etc., 14

Royal Society of London:-- Abstracts of the papers printed, 140, 158, 243, 249, 277, 347, 348, 372, 387, 436, 437, 458, 460, 471, 477, 481, 482 (continued as “Proceedings of the Royal Society of London”). Catalogue of Scientific Papers compiled and published by the, 158, 220, 233, 255, 257, 258, 263, 277, 298, 314, 315, 335, 347, 348, 353, 355, 359, 364, 368, 370, 373, 375, 376, 379, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 391, 394, 395, 401, 402, 403, 408, 412, 414, 415, 416, 426, 428, 441, 446, 449, 450, 454, 456, 460, 462, 464, 466, 470, 471, 476, 477, 481, 483, 496, 499 Histories of the: by Birch, Thomas, 132, 175, 183, 195, 272; by Sprat, Thomas, 132; by Thomson, Thomas, 90, 105, 132, 150, 152, 155, 156, 162, 167, 189, 190, 196, 214, 218, 221, 222, 227, 239, 248, 251, 256, 263, 268, 284, 288, 347, 355, 456; by Weld, Charles Richard, 66, 75, 103, 114, 132, 155, 167, 168, 187, 191, 196, 239, 252, 446, 456, 462 Proceedings of the: a continuation of the “Abstracts,” 548 The Abridged Philosophical Transactions of the: by Baddam, Benjamin, 8, 92, 95, 119, 138, 141, 145, 149, 150, 153, 155, 157, 160, 162, 175, 549; by Eames and Martyn, 138, 149, 155, 156, 157, 160, 175, 246, 549; by Eames, John (_d._ 1744), 549 (_see_ Eames and Martyn, Dict. of Nat. Biogr., XVI. 313); by Gray, John (1800–1875), 549 (_see_ Read and Gray); by Hutton, Charles (1737–1823), 15, 27, 95, 97, 119, 130, 131, 138, 141, 143, 145, 149, 150, 153, 155, 156, 157, 160, 162, 166, 167, 173, 175, 176, 178, 181, 183, 185, 188, 191, 199, 200, 201, 205, 207, 219, 221, 223, 226, 229, 232, 237, 238, 240, 241, 243, 245, 249, 252, 256, 265, 291, 297, 298, 299, 313, 322, 336, 502, 549; by Jones, Henry Bence (1814–1873), 141, 150, 156, 498, 549; by Lowthorp, John, 119, 138, 143, 145, 160, 549; by Martyn, John (1699–1768), 154, 155, 157, 162, 166, 167, 173, 175, 176, 177, 178, 180, 181, 183, 185, 189, 267, 549 (_see_ Eames and Martyn); by Motte, Benjamin (_d._ 1738), 549 (Dict. Nat. Biogr., XXXIX. 194); by Pearson, Richard (1765–1826), 549; by Reid, Thomas (1710–1796) (Reid and Gray), 138, 155, 156, 157, 160, 175, 246, 549; by Shaw, George (1751–1813), 298, 374, 549 The Unabridged Philosophical Transactions of the, viii, ix, xvii, 8, 15, 17, 27, 29, 92, 96, 118, 127, 130, 131, 134, 135, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 145, 149, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160, 162, 165, 166, 167, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 180, 181, 183, 185, 186, 188, 189, 191, 195, 196, 199, 200, 201, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 209, 212, 213, 218, 219, 221, 222, 223, 225, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 235, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 243, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 251, 255, 256, 257, 258, 265, 267, 271, 273, 278, 284, 289, 290, 291, 296, 297, 298, 308, 313, 314, 315, 320, 322, 325, 326, 336, 337, 339, 340, 344, 347, 348, 357, 359, 367, 371, 372, 373, 387, 393, 396, 399, 402, 403, 405, 417, 418, 426, 431, 433, 436, 437, 440, 446, 449, 458, 460, 465, 466, 467, 469, 470, 471, 476, 477, 478, 479, 481, 482, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 497, 499, 547–549, 554, 555, 557

Rozier--Rosier--Abbé François (1734–1793), 10, 140, 193, 198, 208, 248, 249, 253, 257, 263, 266, 271, 277, 280, 281, 299, 300, 302; “Tableau du travail annuel de toutes les Académies de l’Europe ...” Vol. I. Paris, 1772. Continued as “Observations sur la physique,” Vols. II. to XLIII., and as “Journal de Physique,” Vols. XLIV. to date. “Nouvelle Table ... depuis 1666 jusqu’en 1770.” _See_ Paris, Académie Royale des Sciences.

Rozier, Pilatre de. _See_ Pilatre de Rozier (_at_ Charles, J. A. C.), 288

Rudolf, Alexander J. (_at_ Halley, Edmund), 138

Rudolf, II, Emperor of Germany, 95

Rudolfi, Karl Asmund (1771–1832), 192

Ruellius, Joannes (1479–1537), 8, 27, 124, 538; “De natura stirpium ...,” 1536; “De medicinali materia ...,” 1543, a fuller description of which is: “Dioscorides ... de medicinali ... Ioanne Ruellio Suessionessi interprete ...”

Rueus, Franciscus--François de la Rue (1520–1585), 538; “De gemmis aliquot ...,” 1547.

Ruffinus--Rufinus--Tyrannus, “Prosper d’Aquitaine,” 19

Ruhmkorff, Heinrich Daniel (1803–1877), “Appareil d’induction électrique,” 1850–1851 (Du Moncel, Th., “Notice sur l’appareil ...”: Paris, 1855); Verdu and Ruhmkorff in Comptes Rendus, XXXVI. 649–652.

Ruland, Martin, “A lexicon of alchemy or alchemical dictionary”: London, 1892, 17

Rumford, Count. _See_ Thompson, Sir Benjamin.

Rumford Medal, 344, 481, 498. The very first award of the Rumford Medal was made to Count Rumford in 1800. He had already received the Copley Medal in 1792. Amongst other prominent recipients of the Rumford Medal may be mentioned: Sir David Brewster, 1818 (besides the Copley Medal, 1815, and the Royal Medal, 1830); James Clerk Maxwell, 1860; John Tyndall, 1864; Sir John Leslie, 1884; and Sir Oliver Lodge, 1898.

Runeberg, E. F., 1757 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), 385

Rupert, Prince Robert of Bavaria (1619–1682), 127

Russell, J. Rutherfurd, 65, 105, 132

Rutherford, Dr. (_at_ Fowler, Richard), 307

Rutty, William (1687–1730), edited the Phil. Trans. Nos. 309–406.

Ruysch, Johan--Reisch--Reysch, “Map of the world”: Rome, 1508, 524

Rysselberghe, F. van, Simultaneous transmission of telegraphic and telephonic messages on one line. This method was fully described by Charles Mourlon in his “Système ...”: Brussels, 1884 and 1887.

Ryther, Augustus, 563

S

Saavedra, Antonimo Suarez, “Tratado de telegrafia”: Barcelona, 1880, 318; “Rivista,” 313, 318

Sabatier--Sabathier--Raphael Bienvenu (1732–1811), 247, 333, 354. _See_ Dezebry, Ch., “Dictionnaire ...,” p. 2497.

Sabine, Robert (1837–1884), “History and Progress of the electric telegraph,” 1869, 208, 223, 284, 286, 316, 366; “On the electrical properties of selenium” (Phil. Mag., Ser. V. Vol. V. pp. 401–415, 1878).

Sabine, Sir Edward, P.R.S. (1788–1883), 82, 115, 194, 220, 267, 377, 385, 457. _See_ Humboldt, Cosmos; _also_ Cates’ Dictionary, p. 1539.

Sacchetti, F. (_at_ Aëtius, Amidenus), 27

Sacharoff of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, 388

Sachs, Michael (1808–1864), 36; “Encycl. Brit.,” 1911, XXIII. 973.

Sacro Bosco--Sacrobusto--Joannes de--John of Holywood (thirteenth century), 530–531. _See_ Joannes Glozariensis.

Sage, B. G. (1740–1824), “Recherches ... galvanisme,” 285

Sagredus--Sagredo--Iohannes Franciscus (_b._ 1616), 79, 115, 116

Saigi (_at_ Faraday, Michael), 494

Saignette, M., “Sur l’électricité de la torpille,” 240

Saillant et Nyon, “Mémoires concernant l’histoire ...”: Paris, 1788, 1, 2, 3, 21, 28, 259

Saint Allais, de, “Art de vérifier les dates des faits historiques”: Paris, 1819, 2. “l’Art de vérifier les dates” is also by Clément (François), 1770, 1783, 1818, 1819, 1820.

Saint Amand, Walkiers de, Electrical machine, 280, 448. _See_ Amand.

Saint Augustine, “De Civitate Dei,” xx, 20, 26, 41, 73, 74, 79

Saint Cyr. _See_ Reveroni.

Saint Elmo (St. Erasmus), Bishop of Formiæ, 23–24, 125, 161. St. Elmo’s fire.

Saint Fond, Faujas de (_at_ Saussure, H. B. de), 271

Saint Hilaire. _See_ Geoffroy, Saint Hilaire.

Saint Honorat de Lerius, La vie de, 16

Saintiot, Mr. de (_at_ Aldini, Giovanni), 306

Saint Julien’s electrical machine, 257

Saint Leger de Soissons, Mr. l’Abbé de, 126

Saint Louis (and his consort Marguerite de Provence), 33, 54

Saint Paul’s Cathedral, 210, 231, 232

Saint Petersburg, Imperial Academy of Science. Transactions, Comment., Actes, Mémoires, etc., 140, 141, 204, 206, 214, 217, 218, 229, 232, 242, 249, 273, 274, 309, 314, 368, 388, 402, 421, 450

Saint Sauveur, Charles Poyen (_at_ Mesmer, F. A.), 237

Saint Vincent, Bory de, “Annales Générales,” 255

Sainte Beuve, Charles Augustin (1804–1869), Portraits Littéraires. _See_ Dezebry, Ch. (“Dictionnaire ...,” p. 2511), 108, 476

Sainte Marthe, Scévole de, “Elogia Gallorum Doctrina illustrium,” 1737, 513, 537

Salem Gazette, concerning new Electric Light Station in 1889, 233–234, 235

Salerno, School of (_at_ Silvaticus, M. M.), 539

Salimbene, a Minorite, “Chronicles of Parma,” 16

Salmanazar (_at_ Albertus Magnus), 35

Salmasius, Ludovicus, “Commentary upon Solinus,” 22, 513

Salmonsen, J., “Konversations-Leksikon,” 121

Salva, Don Francisco (1747–1808), 317

Salverte, Anne Joseph Eusèbe Baconnière (1771–1839), “Philosophy of Magic,” “Des sciences occultes,” 1, 9, 10, 19, 56, 401, 542. _See_ Phil. Mag., XV., 354 for meteoric stones.

Salviana (_at_ Wilkinson, C. H.), 270

Salviatus--Salviati--Leonardo (_at_ Hamilton, James), 159

Salzburg Med. Chir. Zeitung, 249, 451

Sanctis, Dr. B. de (Phil. Mag., LX. 199, 1822; and LXI. 70, 123).

Sandys, J. E., “Classical Scholarship,” 34, 39

San Martino, Gian Battista (1739–1800) (_at_ Amoretti, Carlo), 401; “Memoria ...,” 1785, 257

Sans Abbé (_at_ Molenier, Jacob), 229 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 385

Sanson, Nicolas (_at_ Naudé, Gabriel), 108

Santa Cruz, Alonzo de, magnetic charts, 70

Santanelli, F. (_at_ Chappe, Claude), 301, and at p. 554

Santarem, M. F. Barros de (1790–1856), “Essai sur l’histoire de la cosmographie et de la cartographie pendant le moyen-âge,” 1436, 62

Santes de Ardonyis. _See_ Ardoniis.

Santi Linari. _See_ Linari, Santi.

Sanuto, Livio. _See_ Livio Sanuto.

Sargon of Agadé, remotest authentic date yet arrived at in history, 2

Sarlandière, Jean Baptista (_at_ Pearson, George), 325, and (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), 385

Sarpi, Pietro--Pietro Soave, Polano--better known by his Servitan monastic appellation, Fra Paolo--Paulus Venetus (1552–1623), xiv, 75, 78, 90, 110–114, 116; “Istoria del Concilio Tridentino,” 1619, 1620, 1632; History of the Council of Trent, 1676; Histoire du Concile de Trente, 1736.

Sarrabat, Nicholas (_at_ Desaguliers, J. T.), 167

“Saturday Review,” London, 155, 227, 424

Saunders, Admiral (_at_ Robison, John), 309

Saussure, Horace Benedict de (1740–1799), 253, 257, 270–271, 273, 288, 295, 320, 416, 417, 426, 462

Saussure, Nicholas Theodore de (1767–1845), the son of Horace de Saussure.

Sauvages de la Croix, François Boissier Deshais (1706–1776), 229, 263, 332, 385

Savants étrangers, Mémoires, 204, 288, 380

Savart. _See_ Savary.

Savary--Savart--Félix (1791–1841), 379, 380, 472, 482. _See_ Dezebry, Ch., Dictionnaire, p. 2545.

Savérien, Alexandre (1722–1805), “Histoire des physiciens” (Desaguliers, Boyle, etc., being Vol. VI. of his “Histoire des philosophes ...”), Paris, 1768.

Savery, Servington, “Magnetical observationsand experiments,” 1729–1730 (Phil. Trans., XXXVI. 295), 160

Savi, Paolo (1798–1871), “Etudes anatomiques sur la torpille” (Matteucci, Carlo v., 1844), 298

Savioli, G., “Dissertatio in causam physicam auroræ borealis,” 1789, 308

Sawyer’s electro-chemical telegraph, 338

Sax--Sachs--M., “Onomasticon Literarium,” 97

Saxo--_Grammaticus_--“Saxonis Gram. Historia Danica,” 71

Saxthorph, Friedrich (_d._ 1806), “Elektricitätsläre,” 2 Vols. 1802–3, 216

Saxton’s Atlas (_at_ Mercator), 563

Sbaralea, Joannes Hyacinthus (_at_ Silvaticus, M. M.), 539

Scaliger, Joseph Justus (1540–1609), French scholar, “De emendatione ...,” 518

Scaliger, Julius Cæsar (1484–1558), Italian scholar, wrote commentaries on Aristotle and on Theophrastus, etc., “De subtilitate ad Cardanum,” 1557, 115, 516, 532, 538–539

Scarella, Giambattista (1711–1779), “De Magnete,” 1759, 139

Scarpa, Antonio (1747–1832), 331, 333, 409

Scelta di Opuscoli interesanti tradotti de varie lingue, 36 Vols., Milano, 1775–1777. Continued as Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti, 7 Vols. 1778–1784.

Scelta di Opuscoli, Milano. _See_ Amoretti, _also_ Soave.

Scelta di Opuscoli scientifici e literati, 224

Sc. de Ste Marthe. _See_ Sainte Marthe.

Schäffer, Jacob Christian (1718–1790), “Kräfte ... elektrophors ...,” 237, 249, 257

Schaffer, J. G., 1776 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), 385

Schaffner’s Manual. _See_ Shaffner.

Scharpff, Franz Anton (_at_ Cardinal de Cusa), 510

Schaub, J. (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N.), 330; Gmelin and Schaub, 451 (Archiv. f. Pharm. v. A. Med. Ph., 1802).

Scheele, Carl Wilhelm, “Chemical Essays ...,” 1786.

Scheible, J. (_at_ Hermes Trismegistus), 519

Schelhorn--Schellhorn--Johann Georg, 202

Schellen, Thomas Joseph Heinrich (1818–1844), “Die elektromagnetische telegraphie ...,” 316

Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von (1775–1854).

Scherer, Alexander Nicoläus (1771–1824), 249, 391; “Allgemeine nördlische annalen der chemie ...,” 1819–1822, which was a continuation of “Nördlischen blätter für die chemie ...,” published at Halle and Saint Petersburg, 1817–1818; “Allgemeines Journal der chemie,” 10 Vols., 1798–1803, continued as “Neues allgemeines Journal der chemie,” 1803–1805, by A. F. von Gehlen, who subsequently named it “Journal für die chemie und physik ...,” 1806–1810. It was continued at Nürnberg as “Neues Journal für chemie und physik” by Johann Salomo Christoph von Schweigger, 1811–1833, and united, during 1834, with the “Journal für praktische chemie” of Otto Linné Erdmann, who afterwards published the well-known “Lehrbuch der chemie.” The “Journal für praktische chemie” was in its 90th Vol. July 1914. _See_ Nürnberg.

Scherer, J. B. A. von, “Über d. meteorsteine ...”: Leipzig, 1809.

Scheuchzer, J. J. (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Schiele, Johann Georg, “Bibliotheca Enucleata ...” (“Acus magnetica ...”), Ulm, 1679.

Schielen, J. G., 1679, 554

Schiller (_at_ Faraday, Michael), 492

Schilling, Godefredus W. Gulielmus, “Diatribe de morbo in Europa ...,” 230, 240, 299

Schilling, Johann Jacob (_b._ 1702), “Observationes ...,” 1734–1737.

Schilling, Pawel Lwowitsch, Baron of Kannstadt (1786–1837), 420–423, 445

Schinz, Salomon (1734–1784), “Specimen physicum de electricitate ...,” 1776, 1777, 556

Schlegel, J. William, 326, 327

Schlichtegroll, Adolph Heinrich Friedrich von, 233

Schmid’s “Allgemeine Encyklopædie ...”: Iena, 1840.

Schmidt (_at_ Zamboni, Giuseppe), 420

Schmidt, George C. (_at_ Van Swinden, J. H. van), 274

Schmidt, J. F. J., “Das Zodiacallicht,” 1856, 142

Schmidt, N. E. A., “Vom magnete ...,” 1765, 556

Schmuck, Edmund Joseph (_b._ 1771) (_at_ Ingen-housz, Johan), 257; “On the action of galvanic electricity on the _mimosa pudica_....”

Schoell, Maximilien Samson Frédéric (1766–1833), “Hist. de la litt. Grecque,” 25

Schöll, Carl, “Hist. de la lit. romaine,” 525 (_at_ Themistius), 541

Scholz, B. (_at_ Jäger, K. C. F. van), 364

Schönbein, Christian Friedrich (1799–1868), 296, 297, 498; Schönbein and Faraday (Pogg. Ann., Vols. 37 to 109).

School of Athens--Scuola d’Atene--by Raphael, xvii, 542–544

Schott, P. Gaspar (1608–1666), “Ars magnetica ...,” etc., etc., 53, 125, 126

Schouten, Guillaume Cornelissen--Wilhelm Cornelisz, 97–98

Schreiber (_at_ Chladni, E. F. F.), 314

Schreibers, Karl Franz Anton von (1775–1852) (_at_ Chladni, E. F. F.), 315, 420

Schubert on zodiacal light, 141

Schuberth, E. (_at_ Paracelsus, 1490–1541), 65

Schübler, Gustav (1787–1834), 292, 320, 406, 416, 420

Schultze, “Zur Kentniss ... elect. ... fische,” 300

Schumacher, Heinrich Christian (1780–1850), 345, 432, 481

Schuster, Sir Arthur, xii

“Schwed. Akad. Abhandlungen ...,” 216, 221, 257, 288

Schwed. Magazine, 221

Schwed. Musæum, 216

Schweigger, Johann, Salomo Christoph (1779–1857), “Journal (also Neues Journal) für die chemie und physik,” 1811–1833; “Über das elektron der Alten ...,” 1848; “Introd. to mythology through natural history.” _See_ Nürnberg, Scherer, 13, 257, 293, 314, 315, 358, 388, 389, 391, 407, 408, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 420, 424, 447, 451, 452, 455, 472, 475, 476, 483

Schweigger--Seidel, Franz W., 414

Schwenkenhardt, M. (_at_ Ingen-housz, Johan), 257

Schwenter, Daniel. _See_ Sunde.

“Science,” publication commenced in New York during 1880, 67, 75

“Science and literature of the middle ages.” _See_ Lacroix, Paul.

“Science et Arts,” 337

“Sciences mathématiques en Italie, Histoire des,” by Libri, G. B. I. T., 4 Vols. 1838–1848.

“Sciences mathématiques et physiques chez les Belges, Histoire des,” by Quetelet, L. A. J.: Bruxelles, 1852.

“Scientiarum et artium istitutum bononiense ...,” Commentarii, 254

“Scientific American” and “Scientific American Supplement,” published respectively in New York during 1845 and 1876, to date, 10, 11, 109, 135, 138, 139, 142, 176, 178, 191, 193, 208, 209, 224, 226, 230, 240, 241, 250, 259, 263, 291, 292, 302, 310, 318, 329, 335, 336, 348, 361, 370, 389, 414, 420, 421, 422, 424, 433, 434, 436, 440, 447, 455, 460, 476, 481, 499

“Scientific Gazette,” publication commenced by C. F. Partington in London during 1825.

Scientific Memoirs. _See_ Taylor, Richard.

“Scientific Progress,” 315

Scientific Researches. _See_ Sturgeon, William.

“Scienziati Italiani,” Atti, Pisa, 1840–1847.

Scina, Domenico Ragona (1765–1837), 527; “Esperienze e scoperte sull’ elettro-magnetismo,” “Elementi di fisica generale” (also “fisica particolarle”), 1809, 1829, 1842, 1843.

Scolopendra electrica, scolopendra subterranea, 298

Scoresby, William (1789–1857), 276, 482

“Scot’s Magazine,” 208, 209

Scott, Sir Walter, “Lay of the last Minstrel,” 4

Scotus, Joannes Duns. _See_ Duns Scotus.

Scotus, Michael Joannes (fl. thirteenth century A.D.), “De secretio naturæ,” “Aristotelis opera ...,” 36

Scrantoni, J. M., 1740 (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Scribonius Largus Designationus (fl. first century A.D.), 20, 230; Biog. Univ. de Michaud, Vol. XXVIII. pp. 589–595.

Scrinci, Dr., in “Prague News,” 209

Scudder, Samuel Hubbard, “Catalogue of scientific serials of all countries”: Cambridge, Mass., 1879, ix, 547–550

Sebald, H., translator of H. C. Oersted’s “Leben ...,” 455

Sebastien and Cassini (_at_ Picard, Jean), 132

Secchi, R. P. Angelo (1818–1878), “Bulletino Meteorologico ...,” 314

Secondat de Montesquieu, Jean Baptiste, Baron (1716–1796), “Histoire de l’électricité,” 1746, 1750, 131, 555; “Observations de physique,” 1750.

Sedillot, Jean (1757–1840), founder of the Société de Médecine de la Seine, “Recueil périodique de la Société de Médecine de Paris ...,” 248, 284, 295–296, 306

Sedillot, Louis Pierre Eugène Amélie (1808–1875), 32, 93; “Revue Britannique ...,” “Des savants arabes ...,” “Matériaux ... sciences mathématiques ...”

Seebeck, Thomas Johann (1770–1831), 344, 373, 380, 387, 395, 413, 414, 415, 454, 478, 494

Segnitz, F. L., “Specimen ... elect. animali,” 1790, 556

Seguin, Armand (_at_ Chladni, E. F. F.), 314; _also_ (_at_ Fourcroy, A. F. de), 354

Seiferheld, G. H. (_at_ Hare, Robert), 449

Seiler, J. (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N.), 330

Selenium, discovered by Berzelius, 369–370

Selenium, electrical properties of. _See_ Sabine, Robert.

Sellers--Seller--John (_at_ Savery, Servington), 160

Seleucus of Babylon (_at_ Nicetas of Syracuse), 530

Semaphores: B.C. 1084, 341, 232, 200; _also_, Hooke 1684, Amontons 1704, Odier 1773, Dupuis 1778, Chappe 1792, Edgeworth 1794, Murray, Gamble and Garnet 1795, Pasley 1808, Parrot 1802, Davis 1805, Gregory 1815, Popham and Bremmer 1816, Connolly 1817.

Sementini, L. (_at_ Amoretti, Carlo), 401

Senebier, Jean (1742–1809), “Catalogue ... manuscrits ... Bibliothèque de Genève,” 1779, 54, 243, 258, 271, 294, 295

Seneca, Lucius Annæus (_c._ 4 B.C.-A.D. 65), “Quæstiones Naturales,” 8, 20, 24, 533

Senft, A. A., 1778 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), 385

Senguerd, W., “Philosophia naturalis ...,” 1681, 554

Serantoni, J. M., 1740 (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Serapio, Mauritanus, 17, 26

Serapis, temple of, at Alexandria, 18

Sercy--Bercy--Ugo di, 61

Seres, William--Willyam (_at_ Strype, A.D. 1754), 210

Serpieri, Alessandro, on the Zodiacal Light, 141

Serra, F. M. (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Serrano, D. Nicol M. (_at_ Montanus--Arias--Benedictus), 528

Serres, Pierre Marcel, J. de (_b._ 1783), 493

Sertorius Quintus (_d._ 72 B.C.), 4

Servetus, Michael--Serveto, Miguel, 535

Servius, Maurus Honoratus (fourth century), “Virgil,” 13

Servius, Petrus, 1643, 554

Servius Tullius, Roman king, 29

Sestier, Felix, et Méhu, C., “De la foudre ...,” 2 Vols. 1866, 199, 254

Seven wise men of Greece, 7

Severineus, Christopher, Bishop elect of Angola, 136

Severtius Jacobus--Jacques Severt, “De orbis catoptrici ...,” 1598, 115

Severus, Bishop of Milevis (_at_ Augustine, Saint), 25

Sewall, Rev. Frank (_at_ Swedenborg, Emmanuel), 165

Seylas--Seixas--y Lovera Francisco de, 71

Seypfer (_at_ Parrot, George Friedrich), 367

S’Gravesande, Willem Jakob Storen van (1688–1742), “Eléments de Physique,” 152, 181, 270, 299

Sguario-Squario--Euseb., “Due dissertazione ...,” 1746, 308, 385, 555

Shaffner--Schaffner Taliaferro Preston (1818–1881), “Telegraph Manual,” “Shaffner’s Telegraph Companion,” 7, 22, 277, 286, 302, 316, 318, 440, 454

Shakespeare, William (1564–1616), 16, 24, 195, 563, 564

Sharpe, Benjamin, _also_ John Robert at pp. 424 and 439

Sharpless, Stephen Paschall, “On some forms of the galvanic battery” (Amer. Journ. of Science, Ser. III. Vol. I. pp. 247–251, 1871).

Shaw, George. _See_ Royal Society.

Shea, John Gilmary, 115

Shields, Charles W., “The final philosophy,” 35, 525

Short, James (_at_ Watson, William), 175

Shumiro-Accadian culture, 2

Siderites, 14, 15, 17

Siècles littéraires. _See_ Essarts.

Siemens, Ernest Werner von (1816–1892), 370, 408 (Pogg. Ann., 1845 to 1861).

Siemens, Sir Charles William (1822–1883), 408. _See_ Romagnosi, _also_ Cates’ Dictionary, p. 1541.

Sieur de Castel Franco. _See_ Nautonnier.

Sigaud de la Fond, Jean René (1740–1810), 174, 235, 280, 385

Sighart, Dr. Joachim (_at_ Albertus Magnus), 37, 505

Sign of fire, transmission of messages, 10

Signorelli, Pietro Napoli, “Sull’ invenzione della bussola nautica ...,” 58

Silberschlag, J. E. (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Siljeström, Peter Adam (Vetensk Acad. Handl. 1814), 139

Silliman, Benjamin (1779–1864), “The American Journal of Science and the Arts,” “Principles of Physics,” 22, 28, 29, 30, 56, 61, 139, 140, 157, 191, 289, 371, 389, 423, 440, 446, 447, 448, 449, 452, 468, 488, 495, 498, 499

Silow (_at_ Faraday, Michael), 492

_Silurus electricus_, 192, 299, 374

Silvaticus, Matthew (fl. A.D. 1344), 26, 82, 529, 539

Silvestre, Aug. François de (1762–1851), 102, 303, 306

Simmons, John, “An essay on the cause of lightning,” 1775, 556

Simon of Bruges. _See_ Stevinus.

Simon, Paul Louis (1767–1815), “Resultate d. galvanismus”: Berlin, 1801 (_at_ Galvani, Luigi, A.D. 1786), 284, 419

Simpson, Sir J. (_at_ Brewster, Sir David), 466

Singer, George John (1786–1817), “Elements of electricity ...,” 205, 249, 406, 419, 428, 429, 430–432, 434, 435, 470

Sinobas. _See_ Rico-y-Sinobas, 308

Sismondi, Jean Charles Leonard de (1773–1842), 37, 40; “Historical view of the literature of the South of Europe.” _See_ Dezebry, Ch., “Dictionnaire ...,” p. 2638.

Sixtus of Sienna (1520–1569), 504

Sjoesten, C. G., (_at_ Martin, Benjamin), 253

Skand. Lit. Selskabs Skrifter, 453

Skandia, “Svenska litteratur”: Upsala, 453

“Skandinaviska naturforskarnes ...”: Förhandlingar, 1842, 299

Skrimshire, W., Jr. (_at_ A.D. 1806), 393

Sloane, Sir Hans (1660–1753), Royal Society Transactions, 547

Sloane, William M., “Aristotle and the Arabs,” 37

Small, Robert (_at_ Kepler, Johann), 96

Smeaton, John (1724–1792) (Phil. Trans., XLVI. 513, 1749), 176, 202, 203

Smee, Alfred (1818–1877), “Elements of electro-metallurgy,” 363, 397

Smiles, Samuel, “Lives of the Engineers ...,” 203

Smith, Willoughby (1828–1891), 369–370; “Selenium, its electrical qualities and the effect of light thereon”: London, 1877.

Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. Bulletin, Reports, etc., etc., 140, 315, 324, 375, 389, 407, 413, 423, 455, 459, 476, 481, 499

Smuck--Schmuck--Edmond Joseph (_b._ 1771), 284, 326, 327, 332, 419

Snell--Snellius--van Roijen--Willebrood (1591–1626), “Eratosthenes Batavus,” 1617, 521

Snow Harris. _See_ Harris, Sir William Snow.

Snyder, Carl, “The world machine,” 1907, 511, 512

Soave, Francesco (1743–1806), Scelta d’opuscoli, 1776, 1804; Nuova scelta d’opuscoli, 1804, 208, 298, 401

Soc. Göttingen recent. Comment, 220

Soc. Hafniensis. _See_ Copenhagen.

Soc. Upsal, Nova Acta, 221

“Societa Italiana delle scienze;” Memoire di matematica y fisica, Verona e Modena, 248, 249, 253, 254, 258, 294, 295, 298, 303, 306, 330, 413, 420, 423

“Societas regia scientiarum Göttingensis,” Commentationes, 8, 451

Société Académique de Laon, Bulletin de la, 94

Société Astronomique de France, Bulletin de la, 93

Société Chimique d’Arcueil, 236

Société d’Agriculture d’Autun, 285

Société d’Arcueil, Mémoires de Physique, 334, 386, 389

Société de Genève, Mémoires, etc., 140

Société de Médecine. _See_ Paris, _also_ Sédillot, Jean, 270, 284, 302

Société d’Emulation de Paris, 258, 284, 285

Société de Santé de Lyon. _See_ Petetin, Jacques H. D., 229

Société Galvani de Paris, opened October 24, 1802.

Société Hollandaise des sciences, Haarlem.

Société Internationale des Electriciens, Bulletin: Paris, 1884 to date.

Société médicale d’émulation de Paris, Mémoires, 258, 284, 285, 557

Société Philomathèque, Paris, Bulletin des Sciences, 249, 274, 277, 279, 284, 288, 300, 301, 302, 303, 306, 314, 318, 324, 326, 335, 347, 349, 374, 376, 378, 380, 383, 385, 412, 482, 483

Société Physique. _See_ Lausanne.

Sociétés Savantes et Littéraires, Mémoires, 285

Sociétés Savantes. ... _See_ Tessier, Octave.

Society for the advancement of the Arts, Geneva, 270

Society for the encouragement of Arts, London, Transactions. _See_ Society of Arts.

Society of Arts ... Transactions, publication commenced in London during 1783, 291, 305, 365, 367, 389, 397, 398, 399, 406, 407, 413, 437, 441, 442, 443, 458

Society of telegraph engineers, London, 440

Socrates (born _c._ 471–469), 7, 12, 503, 524, 543

Soirées littéraires. _See_ Coupé, J. M. L.

Sokolow (_at_ Richmann, G. W., A.D. 1753), 204

Solander, Daniel Charles (1736–1782), 456

Solinus, Caius Julius (fl. latter part second century, A.D.), 7, 17, 22, 43, 124, 512, 540; “De situ et memorabilibus ...,” 1473; “De memoralibus (sic) mundi ...,” 1498; “De mirabilibus mundi ...,” 1500.

Solly, E. (_at_ Ingen-housz, A.D. 1779), 257

Solomon, King of Israel, 5

Solomon’s Temple. _See_ Temple of Solomon.

Solon (_c._ 638–558 B.C.), 7

Somer, John, Minorite astronomer (_at_ Lully, Raymond), 32

Somerset, Edward (1601–1667), 126

Sömmering, Samuel Thomas von (1755–1830), 284, 304, 331, 384, 406–407, 412, 420, 421, 422, 424, 435, 475

Sömmering, William (_at_ Sömmering, S. T. von, A.D. 1809), 407

Sommerville--Somerville, Mrs. Mary Fairfax (1780–1872), “Connection of the Physical Sciences,” “On the earth ...,” 171, 377, 410, 423, 455, 460, 476, 479, 484

Sonnini de Manoncourt, Charles Nicolas Sigisbert (1751–1812), who, with Virey, Julien Joseph, edited the important supplement to “Buffon’s Natural History,” 6, 30, 33, 37, 55

Sophists (_at_ Philostratus, Flavius), 533

Sophocles, “Electra,” 507. _See also_ Euripides.

Sotacus describes five kinds of native magnets, 13

Souciet, P. Etienne (1671–1744), “Observations mathématiques ...” (_at_ 2637 B.C.), 1

Soulavie. _See_ Giraud-Soulavie.

Spallanzani, Abbé Lazaro (1729–1799), 239, 240, 255, 258, 270, 271, 284, 298, 332, 355

Sparks, Jared, “Library of Am. Biography,” “Works of Benj. Franklin,” 69, 199, 239, 252

Spath, J. L. (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Specific inductive capacity, discovered by Faraday, Michael, 239, 491, 492, 493

Specific inductive capacity of different gases (Brit. Assoc. Report for 1880, pp. 197–201).

“Spectator” for Dec. 6, 1711 (_at_ Strada, F., A.D. 1617), 99

Spedding, Ellis and Heath, 99

Speed’s Atlas, mentioned at Mercator, 563

Spencer, Knight, 400

Speng--Spengel--Leonhard, “Alex. Aphrod. Quæstonium naturalium ...,” 1842; “Incerti ... Aristotelis ...,” 1842; “Anaximenis ... Aristotelis ad Alexandrum,” 1844, 27, 512

Spidberg, J. C. (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Spider thread filaments: Bennet 1787, Fontana 1793.

Spiegel, Friedrich (_at_ Zoroaster), 541

Spon, Charles, xi, 362

Spottiswoode, William (1825–1883), De la Rue, Warren, and Mueller, Hugo, W. (Proc. Roy. Soc., XXIII. pp. 356–361).

Spottiswoode, W., and Moulton, John Fletcher (Phil. Trans., 1879, pp. 165–229).

Sprat, Thomas, “History of the Royal Society,” 132

Spratt, Lieut. James (1771–1853), “Homograph ...,” 400

Spreng, Johann, “Hist. R. Herb,” 193

Sprengel, Kurt Polycarp Joachim, “Histoire de la médecine,” 529, 531, 538

Squario. _See_ Sguario.

Stabili, Francesco degli, the real name of Cecco d’Ascoli (1257–1327), “Acerba,” xx, 524, 531

Stadius, eminent astronomer of the sixteenth century, who succeeded, in the Paris University, the famous Peter Ramus--Pierre de la Ramée (1515–1572), “Tabulæ Bergenses,” 1560, 510

Stahelin, C. (_at_ Harris, William Snow), 470

Stahl, George Ernest (1660–1734), 261, 262, 362

Stambio, C. (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N.), 330

Stanhope, Charles, third Earl of. _See_ Mahon, Lord.

Stanhusius, Mich., “De Meteoris ...,” 1572 and 1578.

Stanley, Sir Edward, of Tongue Castle, 121

Stanley, Venetia Anastasia, 121

Stark, Dr. James, of Edinburgh, 375

Stark, J. C. (_at_ Galvani, Luigi, A.D. 1786), 284

Stark, John, “Biographia Scotica”: Edinburgh, 1805, 311

Starke, Mariana (_at_ School of Athens), 542

Statistical Society, London, 471

Staunton, Sir George Thomas (1737–1801), “The history of the great and mighty kingdom of China,” “Account of an Embassy,” 1, 21

Steavenson, Robert, “Dissert. de electricitate ...,” 1778, 556

Steele, Robert, “Gleanings from Barthol. de Glanvilla,” 16; “Mediæval Lore,” 526

Steichen, Michel, “Vie et travaux de Simon Stevinus,” 79

Steiglehuer--Steiglehner--Cölestin (1738–1819), 272, 274

Steindachner, F. (_at_ Shaw, George), 299

Steinhaueser, Johannes Gottfried (1768–1825).

Steinheil, Karl August (1801–1870), 422

Steininger and Neggerath, 315

Stenischneider--Steinschneider--Moritz (1816–1907), “Intorno alla calamita,” 38, 72

Stella, F. M. (_at_ Amoretti, Carlo), 401

Stens--Stensen--Niels--Nicolas, 1671, 270

Stephen, Leslie. _See_ “Dict. of National Biography.”

Stephens (_at_ Franklin, Benjamin), 196

Stepling, Jos. (_at_ Dalton, John), 308

Stevens, B. P., and Brown, xx.

Stevinus, Simon (1548–1628), called Simon of Bruges, 63, 78, 79, 80, 81, 102, 517. _See_ Wright, Edward.

Stewart, Professor Balfour, “Lessons in elementary physics”: London, 1872.

Stillingfleet, Edward (1635–1699), 147

Stobæus, Joannes (fl. _c._ A.D. 500), 24

Stockholm, Royal Academy of Sciences, 187, 232

Stockler de Borja, Franc. de (1759–1829), 530

Stoeckl, Albert, 39

Stœffler, Johann, “Cœlestium ... totius sphericæ ...,” 553

Stones, meteoric. _See_ Salverte.

Stow, John (1525–1605), 210, 211

Strabo, Greek historian (66–28 B.C.), 17, 67, 520, 533

Strada, Famianus, Italian Jesuit (1572–1649), “Prolusiones Academicæ ...,” 82, 98, 123

Strato of Lampsacus, philosopher who lived in the reign of Ptolemy Philadelphus, 542

Streizig of Verona (_at_ Gay-Lussac, J. L., A.D. 1804), 389

Stroemer--Stromer--Märten (1707–1770) 187

Struve, Christian August (1767–1807), 326, 385, 433

Strype, John (1643–1737), 210, 232

Stuart, Thomas (_at_ Ampère, A. M., A.D. 1820), 477

“Student, The, or Oxford and Cambridge Misc.,” 98

Stuebler--Stuber--Eugen, “Life of Franklin,” 199

Stuello, “Bibl. Scrip., S. J.”: Rome, 1676, 110

Stukeley, Rev. William (1687–1765), 187–189

Sturgeon, William (1783–1850), “Annals of Electricity,” 1836–1843; “Lectures on Electricity”: London, 1842; “Scientific Researches”: Bury, 1850; “Annals of Philosophical Discovery ...,” 79, 80, 140, 142, 162, 181, 199, 201, 204, 207, 223, 232, 239, 243, 245, 256, 257, 263, 296, 297, 304, 306, 330, 337, 339, 347, 359, 370, 384, 388, 394, 395, 397, 406, 407, 408, 414, 415, 420, 428, 432, 433, 440, 441, 454, 455, 460, 464, 468, 472, 476, 481, 482, 483, 491, 498

Sturla, Jarl--Snorri Sturlason, 44

Sturm, Johann Christoph, of the Altdorff University (1635–1703), 129–130

Sturmy’s “Mariner’s Magazine,” 143, 242

Stuvenius (_at_ Columbus, Christopher, A.D. 1492), 67

Subtle--subtil--subtile--matter (_materia subtilis_) subtile medium, 57, 122, 133, 151, 174, 183, 212, 213, 214, 355, 360, 495

Succinum--Succini, 137, _also at_ p. 8.

Sue, Jean Joseph (1760–1830), “Recherches physiologiques,” 306 (Hœfer, “Biog. Gén.,” 1865, Vol. 44, pp. 620–621)

Sue, Pierre aîné (1739–1816), “Histoire du Galvanisme,” 247, 248, 249, 264, 275, 281, 285, 299, 301, 303, 306, 326, 328, 330, 350, 353, 355, 359, 361, 363, 376, 378, 383, 385

Suhm, Peter Frederik, “In effigien Torfæi ...” (_at_ A.D. 1266), 45

Suidas, author of a prominent Greek lexicon compiled during the tenth century, 541

Sulzer, Johann Georg (1720–1779), 152, 223, 312, 419

Summanus, night source of lightning, 9

Sunde, Janus Hercules de (pseud. of Schwenter, Daniel, 1585–1636), 81, 125, 240

Sundelin, K., 1822 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), 385

Suspension of statues, etc., in mid-air, 18, 123, 222, 527

“Svenska Vetenskaps Akademiens Handlingar” for 1740, 168

Swammerdam, Jan (1637–1682), 202

Swanwick, Anna, translator of Æschylus, 4

Swedenborg, Emmanuel (1688–1772), 163–165

Swedish Academy of Sciences, 190

Swickardus (_at_ Browne, Sir Thomas, A.D. 1646), 124

Swieten, Gerard van, pupil of Boerhaave (_at_ A.D. 1722), 157

Swiettiki of Denmark (_at_ A.D. 1745), 174

Swift, William (_at_ Henley, William T.), 237

Swinden, Jan Hendrik van (1746–1823), “Tentamina theoriæ mathematicæ ...,” 1772; “Recueil de mémoires sur l’analogie de l’électricité et du magnétisme ...,” 1784; “Analogia electricitatis et magnetismi,” 1780–1781; “Positiones physicæ,” 1786, 65, 103, 106, 121, 131, 135, 140, 170, 199, 218, 224, 229, 230, 233, 237, 240, 254, 263, 271–274, 285, 309, 393

Sylvester, Charles (_at_ A.D. 1805, 1806 and 1812), 392, 394, 419

Symes, R., 1771 (_at_ Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), 385

Symmer, Robert (_d._ 1763), 161, 218–220, 221, 224, 409

Symonds, John Addington (_at_ Ficino, Marsiglio), 515

Symons, G. J. (_at_ Franklin, Benjamin), 199

Szuki--Shiki--or “Historical Memoirs of Szu-ma-thsian”--Szu-mats’een--the greatest of all Chinese historical works, 5

T

Table générale des Bulletins des sociétés savantes. _See_ Tessier, Octave.

Tachard, Father Guy (_d._ 1714), 156

Tacitus, Publius Caius Cornelius (_c._ A.D. 54–120), “Germania,” “Annals,” “Agricola,” etc., 140, 524. _See_ “Annals of C. C. Tacitus.”

Tafel, Dr. R. L. (_at_ Swedenborg, E.), 163

Tafuri, Giovanni Bernardino, “Scrittori ... di Napoli,” 1749, 540

Taisnier, Jean--Joannes (Taisnier of Hainault--Hannonius) (1509–1562), “De natura magnetis ...,” 1562, 13, 46, 53

Tait, Professor Peter Guthrie. _See_ Thomson, Sir William.

Talbot, Sir Gilbert, on magnetical remedies, 126

Talmud, designation of the loadstone, 15

Tamery, Prof. Paul, “Pour l’histoire de la science Helléne,” 8, 504, 511, 532

Tarchon, founder of Etruscan theurgism, 9

Tarde, J., “Les usages ... esguille aymantée,” 1621, 553

Tatum’s lectures (_at_ Faraday, Michael), 455, 496

Taylor and Phillips, editors of the Phil. Mag., 466

Taylor, Brook--Brooke, F.R.S. (1685–1731), 150, 155, 156, 191, 264

Taylor, Richard (1781–1858), “Scientific Memoirs,” 428, 495

Taylor, Thomas, translator of Iamblichus, the treatises of Aristotle and the six books of Proclus, 2, 503, 537

Taylor, W. B., “Memoir of Joseph Henry,” 447, 460; “(1) La longitude terrestre ...,” 1556; “Recherches sur les propriétés magnetiques du fer,” 1862

Tcheou-Koung--Choung (Ki-tan), 3

Tchéyeou--Tchi-yeou--Chinese prince (_at_ 2637 B.C.), 1

Tchi-nan, chariot of the South, 3

Tchin-Thsang-Ki, 77

Tching-Onang, nephew of Tcheou-Koung, regent of the Chinese Empire, 3

Tchou-lou plains, 1

“Telegrafista (II),” publication commenced in Rome during 1881.

Telegrafo elettrico scintillante, 227

Telegraph Polygrammatic, 397

Telegraph-Anthropo of Knight Spencer employed as early as 1805, 400

Telegraph electro-chemical, the first, 407

Telegraph, Symbolic, also the Terrestrial Telegraph introduced by Macdonald, 399

Telegraph: on the history of the word telegraph. _See_ Axon, W. E. A. _See_ History of the telegraph.

“Télégraphe, La.” _See_ Ternant.

“Telegrapher, The,” publication commenced in New York during 1864, afterwards called “Journal of the Telegraph.”

“Telegraphic Journal,” publication commenced in London during 1864, 408

Telegraphic signals, first transmitted by voltaic electricity, 406

“Telegraphist, The,” publication commenced in London during 1883; “The Telegraphist and Electrician” first appeared in London during 1876.

Telegraphs, electric and galvanic. _See_ Electric Telegraphs.

Telegraphs, optical. _See_ Semaphores.

Telegraphy, histories of, 301: written by I. U. J. Chappe, Paris, 1824, and Le Mans, 1840; Bois, Victor, 1853–1856; Bonel, A., Paris, 1857; Mangin, M., 1752; Reynaud, J. J., 1851.

Telegraphy, oceanic: Brett in 1858; and Brigge, _also_ in 1858.

Telegraphy, pneumatic, by Medhurst, 408

Telegraphy, wireless, 10, 19

“Telephone, The,” “Review of electrical science”: London, 1889.

Telephoning--communicating sound through a wire--in 1667, 143

Telesio, Bernardino, “De rerum natura ...,” 1570.

Tellograph of Richard Lovell Edgeworth, 316

Templeman, in the “Nouvelliste,” 1759, 298

Temple of Jerusalem, never struck by lightning during 1000 years, 9

Temple of Diana at Ephesus, 18

Temple of Juno had its roof covered with sword blades, 9

Temple of Pharos, 18

Temple of Solomon, 10

Temple of Serapis at Alexandria, 18

Temples of Hercules, 13

Tentzel--Tentzelius--Andreas, “Medicina Diastalica,” 245

Tentzel, Wilhelm Ernst, “Collection Académique,” 229

Termeyer, Raimondo Maria de, 298, 299

Ternant, A. L., “Le Télégraphe,” 147, 264, 265

_Terrella_--_terrella-microge_, little earth, 47, 48, 50, 83, 86, 121. _See_ Petit P., _also_ Wren, Sir Chr.

“Terrestrial Magnetism,” 59, 138, 140, 199. _See also_ Bauer, L. A.

Terzagus, “Musæum Septalianum,” 159

Teske, J. G. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 385

Tessier, Henri Alexandre, “Eloges des hommes illustres,” 93, 515, 527, 539

Tessier, Octave, “Table générale des bulletins des sociétés savantes”: Paris, 1873, 43

Tetens, J. N., “Schreiben ... magneteuren,” 1775, 246

_Tetraodon_--tetrodon--_electricus_, 298, 374

Teyler, Archives du Musée, 160

Teyler Van der Hulst, Pieter (1702–1778), “Tweede Genootschap,” published at Haarlem, 1781, 280

Teylerian electrical machine, 292

Teylerian Society. _See_ Haarlem.

Thalen, J. R., “Recherches ... magnétiques du fer ...” (Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Upsala, III. Série), 1862.

Thales of Miletus (639–548 B.C.), 7, 15, 515, 532, 534, 542, 543

Thatcher--Thacher--John Boyd, 66, 524

_Theamedes_ of the ancients believed to be identical with the tourmaline, 17

Thebit-ben-Korah--Thebitius (836–901), 540–541

Thebitius. _See_ Thebit-ben-Korah.

Themistius (_c._ A.D. 315–390), “Oratio,” “Euphrades,” 10, 541

Thénard, Louis Jacques, Baron (1777–1857), 249, 338, 340, 347, 352, 354, 376, 380, 388, 389, 419, 480

Theodoric the Great (_c._ A.D. 454–526), 18

Theodorus, Emperor, 144 (entered at Louis Maimbourg).

Theodosius the Great (fl. 379–395), 24, 541

Theophrastus (372–286 B.C.), 7, 13, 21, 270, 530, 539, 543. _See_ Scaliger, J. C., _also_ Hill, Sir John.

Theory, undulatory--Young, Dr. Thomas, 395

Thermo-dynamics, second law of, 346, 392. The first law or principle of thermo-dynamics was enunciated by the French physicist Carnot (Nicolas Leonard Sardi, 1796–1832).

Thermo-electric inversion, discovered by Prof. James Cummings.

Thermo-electric needle of Becquerel, 463

Thermo-electric tension of minerals (Phil. Mag., Ser. IV. Vol. XXX. pp. 337–339, 1865).

Thermo-electricity: Dessaignes, 415; Seebeck, 415; Brewster, 465. _See_ Cummings, James, and _consult_ Table Analytique des Annales de Ch. et de Phys., Index, pp. 364–370.

Thermo-electrometer of Harris, 469

Thevenot, Melchisedech (1620–1692), “Recueil de Voyages,” 47, 53

Thibaud VI, Comte de Champagne, 33

Thicknesse, Ra. (_at_ Williamson, C. H.) 270

Thillaye, Jean Baptiste Jacques (1752–1822), 385

Thillaye-Platel, Antoine (1782–1806), 274, 384–385, 430

Thilly, Frank, 504, 505. _See_ Weber, Alfred.

Tholuck, Friedrich August Gottren (1799–1877), 38

Thoman, Fédor (_at_ Arago, D. F. J.), 480

Thomas Aquinas, Saint, Doctor Angelicus (1225–1274), 16, 35, 36, 37, 39, 57, 171, 505, 506. _See_ Joannes de Rupescissa.

Thomas, John, “Univ. Pron. Dict.,” 146, 148

Thomas, Joseph (Dict. of Nat. Biogr.), 163, 286, 370

Thompson, A. T., translator of Salverte’s “Philosophy of Magic,” 1

Thompson, Benjamin, Count Rumford (1753–1814), 225, 346, 370–371. _See_ Copley Medal, _also_ Rumford Medal.

Thompson, Silvanus P. (1851–1916), Introduction, xi, xiii–xv, xvii, xix, 45, 46, 54, 63, 92, 113, 189, 342, 498. _See_ Aerolites.

Thoms, William T. (_at_ Strype, A.D. 1754), 210

Thomson, Allen (1809–1884), 425

Thomson, Elihu, xi, 184

Thomson, Thomas (1773–1852), “An outline of the sciences of heat and electricity,” 1st ed. 1830; “Annals of Philosophy”: London, 1813–1826; “Outline of the Sciences ...”; “Annals of Philosophy”; “History of the Royal Society”: London, 1812; “History of Chemistry,” etc.; 90, 105, 132, 150, 152, 155, 156, 162, 167, 189, 190, 196, 199, 214, 218, 221, 222, 227, 233, 239, 248, 249, 251, 256, 262, 263, 268, 277, 284, 286, 313, 347, 363, 364, 370, 403, 408, 412, 414, 423, 427, 435, 440, 441, 443, 446, 449, 452, 455, 458, 461, 468, 478, 479

Thomson, Sir William, first Baron Kelvin of Largs (1824–1907), dedication, x, xi, 87, 141, 218, 239, 321, 346, 371, 392, 411, 412, 413, 455, 470, 492, 493, 499. _See_ Le Roux, F. P., Electro-dynamic qualities of metals (Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. for 1879, pp. 55–85).

Thor, son of Odin, personifies electricity, 13

Thore and Croissant (_at_ Hare, Robert), 449

Thorp, R. W. D. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 385

Thorpe, T. E., “Essays in historical chemistry,” 132, 189, 228, 239, 262, 347, 499

Thou, François Auguste de (_at_ Fracastorio, H.), 515

Thouin, André (compass plant), 259

Thoung-Kian-Kang-Mou, 2, 5

Thouret, Michel Augustin (1749–1810), “Rapport sur les aimants ... Le Noble,” 1783; “Lettre sur le magnétisme animal,” 1784–1785, 245, 273

Thouret, T. Auguste (_at_ Mesmer, F. A.), 237

Thouri, de (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 385

Thouron, V. C., 505

Thouvenel, Pierre (1747–1815), “Mémoire physique ...,” 1781, 384, 401

Thrasyllus, the grammarian, 511

_Thumstein_, apparatus for transmitting sound through wires (_at_ A.D. 968), 28

Thunder and lightning attracted and directed by the ancients, 9, 294

Tiato (_at_ Toaldo, G.), 253

Tiberghien, Guillaume, “Essai théorique et historique sur la génération des connaissances humaines,” 42, 102, 122, 504, 505, 511, 519

Tiberius, 20, 513

“Tidsskrift for naturvidenskaberne; af Orsted ...”: Kjobenhavn, 1822–1828, 455

Tillard--Tilland--Captain (islands of eruption), 417

Tillemont, Louis Sébastien Lenain de (1637–1698), “Histoire des Empereurs,” “Mémoires Hist. Eccles.,” 25, 525, 541

Tillet, “Sur l’incendie,” 1760, 555

Tilloch, Alexander (1759–1825), one of the editors of the “Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science,” 252, 381, 392, 396, 429, 434, 452, 467, 474, 478

Timæus (_c._ 352–256 B.C.), Greek historian, 8

Timæus. _See_ Plato.

“Times,” London, 134, 248

Timochares (_c._ 367–283 B.C.) (_at_ Ptolemy--Ptolemæus II), 18

Tinan, Barbier de (_at_ Toaldo, G.), 253

Tingry, P. F. (Journal de Physique, Vol. XLVII.), 557

Tipaldo, Emilio A. de, “Biografia degli Italiani illustri, nella scienze ...”: Venezia, 1834, 253, 300, 303

Tiphys Batavus, 521

Tiraboschi, Girolamo (1731–1794), “Biblioteca Modenese,” “Storia della litteratura Italiana,” 55, 113, 510, 514, 529, 540

Tisserand, L. M., “Paris et ses historiens,” 34

Tissot, “Historie de la philosophie,” 532

Titelmanni, Franc, “Naturalis Philos. Compendium,” 1571, 553

Titius--Tietz--Johann Daniel (1729–1796), “De electrici experimenti ...,” 1771; “Gemeinützige ...,” “Tableau du travail actuel de toutes les Académies de l’Europe ...,” 158

Titus Livius (_b._ A.D. 59), Great Roman historian, generally called Livy, 10, 24, 78

Toaldo, Giuseppe (1719–1798), 140, 253, 254, 271, 295

Todd, John T. (experiments on the _torpedo_), 436

Tolloy, Crimotel de (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N.), 330

Tomlinson, Charles, “Cyclopædia of useful arts and manufactures,” 317, 322, 337, 339, 437, 455, 470

Tommasi--Tomasi--Donato, of Paris (_b._ 1848), “Traité des piles électriques,” 365, 376. _See_ Romagnosi, G. D.

Tonkin, John, of Penzance, 339

Topaz, a talisman, 8

Torfæus, Thormodr (Phormodur Torfesen) (1636–1719), 44

_Torpedo_, torpille. _See also_ “_raia torpedo_,” _also_ Savi, P., 11, 20, 136, 149, 229, 230, 239, 240, 241, 258, 270, 319, 334, 345, 346, 374, 409, 436, 493, 527

Torsion balance, invented by Coulomb, 275

Tortolini, Barnaba, “Annali di scienze ...,” 8 Vols.; “Annali di matematica ...,” 1856–1861.

Toscanelli, Paul del Pozzo (1397–1482), 34; Nouv. Biog. Gén. (Hœfer), Vol. 45, pp. 557–558.

Touche, Daillant de la, 164

Toulouse, Academy Reports, Mémoires, etc., 229, 288, 556

Tourdes, J. (_at_ Aldini, G.), 306

Tourmaline, 8, 13, 17, 152, 153, 184, 193, 218, 286, 287–288, 364, 451, 465

Tourtelle, Etienne, “Histoire philosophique de la médecine,” 65, 170

Toutain (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 386

Townsend, W. J., “The great schoolmen of the Middle Ages,” 37, 41, 505

Tozzetti, Targioni, “Atti e Memorie inedite dell’ Accademia del Cimento ...,” 3 Vols.; _also_, “Notizie ...,” 3 Vols. 1780, 556

Trail--Traill, Thomas Stewart (1781–1862), 339, 465, 477

Tralles, Johann Georg (1763–1822) (“Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie,” 1894, Vol. 38, pp. 494–495), 292–293, 331

Transactions Elec. Soc. Mannheim, 29. _See_ “Academia electoralis scientiarum,” which is also called “Academia Theodoro Palatina.”

Transmitting intelligence by wire; in early days said to have been done by one of the Cleopatras, 12. _See also_ Kung-foo-Whing (_at_ A.D. 968), 28

Tredwey, Robert (Phil. Trans., XIX. 711), 1698, 554

Trembley, A., on light caused by quicksilver shaken in glass tube, 175, 177, 555

Treméry, Jean Louis (1773–1851), 288, 324; “Observations sur les aimants elliptiques,” 1797.

Trendelenberg, Friedrich Adolf (1802–1872), 544

Trent, History of the Council of, 90, 110, 528

Tressan, Louis Elizabeth de la Vergne de (1705–1783), 189, 385, 417

Treviranus, Gottfried Reinhold (1776–1837), 255, 257, 327, 557

Treviso Athenæum, “Memorie scientifiche ...,” 1817–1847, 253

Treviso Giornale, “Giornale sulle scienze ...,” 1821–1830.

Trévoux, Mémoires de, 551

Trew, Abdias, “De meteoris ...”: Argent, 1654.

Trichiurus electricus--trichiurus Indicus, 297, 298

Triennald, S. von, 308

Tries’ claim to Van Marum’s machine, 280

Trieste, School of Arts and Navigation, 407

Trinity College, at Cambridge, England, 4, 212, 319

Tripier, A. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 386

Trismegistus. _See_ Hermes.

Tristan, Comte J. de, 401

Trithemius, Johannes (1462–1516), author of “Steganographia ...,” 1606; “Annalium Hirsaugiensium ...,” 1690; “De scriptoribus ecclesiasticis,” 37, 504, 554

Trommsdorff, Johann Barthelomaüs (1770–1837), 285, 352–353, 419

Troostwijk, Adriaan Paets van (1752–1837), and Deiman, Jean Rodolph, 280, 291–292, 385

Trouvé (_at_ Zamboni, Giuseppe), 420

Tsching-Vang, second emperor of the Tcheou dynasty, 3

Tübingen. _See_ Gmelin family.

Tübingen, “Morgenblatt,” 351

Tübingen University, 284, 303, 433, 450, 451

Tufts, James H. _See_ Windelband’s “History of Philosophy.”

Tulk, Dr. Alfred, 404

Tullus Hostilius (672–640 B.C.), third legendary King of Rome, 9

Turnbull, Laurence (1821–1900), “Electro-magnetic Telegraph, with an historical account of its progress”: Philad., 1853, 11, 317, 318, 368, 384, 407, 422, 436, 440, 455, 476

Turner, Robert, “Electricology; or a discourse upon electricity ...,” 1746, 554

Turner, William, “History of Philosophy,” 504

Turin--Torino--Academie Royale des Sciences or University, 30, 140, 209, 294, 295, 296, 302, 306, 367

Turin--Torino--Bibl. de, 284

Turin--Torino--College of Fine Arts, 294

Turin--Torino--Memorie della Soc. Agr., 257, 295

Turin--Torino--Normal College, 294

Turin--Torino--Nuova Encyclopedia Italiana. _See_ Bocardo.

Turin--Torino--Observatory, Annals of, 295

Turin--Torino. _See_ Giornale Scientifico d’una Soc. Fil.

Twast (_at_ A.D. 1812), 419

Two-fluid theory: Hare, 1823; Ingen-housz, 1778; Symner and Dufay, 409–410

Tycho Brahé (1546–1601), 92, 94, 95, 102, 508, 530, 533. _See_ Jöcher, C. G., “Allgemeines Gel. Lex.,” pp. 1325–1327.

Tyndall, John (1820–1893), “Heat as a mode of motion,” vii, xiii, 14, 131, 132, 142, 166, 170, 173, 177, 231, 255, 282, 314, 344, 346, 380, 383, 396, 411, 433, 487, 489, 492, 495, 497, 498, 499. _See_ “Lives of the Electricians,” by William T. Jeans, 1887; “Lessons in Electricity.” _Also_ Rumford Medal.

Typhon, bone of (Typhoëus, in Greek Legend), 14

U

Uberti, Bonifacio--Fazio degli (_d._ 1368), “Il Dittamondo ... ridotto,” 44

Ueberweg, Dr. Friedrich (1826–1871), History of Philosophy, translated by George S. Morris, 26, 32, 33, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 102, 122, 504, 505, 507, 510, 511, 512, 518, 519, 532, 534, 537

Ughelli, Fernandino, “Italia Sacra,” 516

Ugo di Bercy (Sercy) (fl. thirteenth century A.D.), 56, 61. _See_ Nouvelle Biographie Générale, of Hœfer, V. 783.

Ugollet at Venice, publisher of Ausonius’ “Mosella,” 18

Uhland, W. H. (_at_ Faraday), 498

Ulloa, Don Antonio de, Spanish mathematician (1716–1795). Makes the earliest recorded reference to the Aurora Australis, 141, 165–166

Ulstadius, Philippus (fl. sixteenth century A.D.), “Cœlum philosophorum”: Paris, 1544, 553

Undulatory theory of light, interferences in the, Dr. Young, 1807, 395

Unger, Johann Friedrich von (1716–1781), “Abhandlung von der natur der Electricität”: Braunschweig, 1745 (Hamb. Magaz., VIII. 1751).

“United Service Journal,” 397

United States Japan Expedition (Zodiacal Light), 142

Universal Encyclopædia, 38

Universal Lexicon, Leipzig, 48

Université de Padone. _See_ Boulay, H. de.

Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages. _See_ Rashdall, Hastings.

Unzer, T. C., 245

Upsala Academy (University), 141, 163, 168, 221, 387

Upsala Botanical Gardens, 259; Compass plant, 259

Upsala Royal Society, 232

Urbanitzky, Alfred von, “Electricity in the service of man ...,” edited by Richard Wormell, and revised by R. Mullineux Walmsley, London, 1886; “Les lampes électriques ...”: Paris, 1885 (Bibliothèque des Actualités Industrielles, No. IV.), 162, 219

Ure, Andrew (1778–1857), “Dictionary of Arts,” “Dictionary of Chemistry,” 354, 370, 417–418, 440, 446, 455

Ursa Major: star referred to by William Gilbert in connection with Marsilius Ficinus, Cardanus, Lucas Gauricus and Gaudentius Merula, who believe it to influence magnetic variation, 108

Usiglio, C., 1844 (_at_ Jadelot, J. F. N.), 330

Ussher, Henry (1743–1790) (_at_ John Dalton), 308

V

_Van_: _all additional names with this prefix appear under the names_.

Vacca, Andrea (1772–1826), 299

Vacca, Leopold (1732–1812), 299

_Vacuo, in._ Propagation of light _in vacuo_, 132, 182, 202, 294. _See_ Picard, Jean (Anc. Mémoires, Paris, Vols. II. and X.); Return of electric light _in vacuo_ (Grummert, G. H.), 172; Attrition of bodies _in vacuo_ (Phil. Trans., XXIV. 2165); Electric light _in vacuo_ (Dantzig, Memoirs, I. 417).

Vail, Alfred (1807–1859), “History of the American Electro-magnetic Telegraph ...,” 286, 316, 436

Vairano, Josephus, “Diatriba de electricitate,” 1777, 556

Valenciennes (_at_ Arago), 481

Valens, Flavius, Roman Emperor, 144 (A.D. 328–378). _See_ Moreri, L., “Grand Dict.,” Vol. VIII. pt. 3, p. 13; Hœfer, “Nouv. Biog. Gén.,” Vol. XLV. pp. 855–856.

Valentinelli, Giuseppe, Royal Librarian of the Marciana, Venice, 111

Valentinus, Bazilius (fifteenth century)--Basil Valentine, “Conclusiones ... magnect ...”: Rottm., 1632.

Valère, André, Biblio. Belgica, 538

Vallemont, Pierre Le Lorrain de (1649–1721), “La physique occulte, en traité de la baguette divinatoire,” 1693; “Description de l’aimant ...,” 1692, 110, 144, 401

Vallensis, Roberti, “Di veritate ...,” 1593 and 1612, 502

Vallerius, H. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 386

Vallesius--Valles de Corarrubias--Francisco, 538

Valli, Eusebio (1755–1816), 249, 270, 285, 302–303, 327, 393, 419

Vallot, Joseph, “Report on difference between chalcedony and tourmaline,” 288

Vanderlot’s work on the Surinam Eel, 230

Van Etten, Henry, is _pseud._ of Jean Leurechon (1591–1670), _q.v._, “Mathematical Recreations,” “Récréations Mathématiques,” 109, 126, 127, 148, 401

Van Swinden. _See_ Swinden.

Van’t Hoff, Professor Jakobus Hendrikus (_b._ 1852, _d._ 1915). He established, with F. W. Ostwald, the “Lehrbuch der Allegem. Chemie” and “Zeitschrift für physikalische chemie”; “Dix années dans l’histoire d’une théorie ...,” 1865. _See_ Ostwald.

Vapereau, G., “Dictionnaire Universel des Contemporains”: Paris, 1893.

Vargas, Bernardo Perez de, “De re metallica,” 502

Variation and dip of the magnetic needle, observations on the. _See_ Gilpin, George.

Variation charts: Barlow, 1820; Churchman, at 1790–1804; Halley, 1701; Bianco, 1436.

Variation denied by Medina, Pedro de, 63–64

Variation of the compass, first shown by Burrowes--Borough--in 1592, 77

Variation of the declination:-- _Annual_--Cassini at 1782–1791, 117, 266; Cause of errors investigated, Flinders, 1801, 348; Dip or inclination, Hartmann, 1544, 70; Norman, 1576, 75–76; Peregrinus (1269), 76 _Diurnal_ and _horary_--Beaufoy (1813), 427; Graham, 1722, 117, 156; Swinden, 1784, 273; Cassini IV. 1784, 157, 273 _Intensity_--“The third and most important element of terrestrial magnetism,” Borda, 1776, 249 _Secular_--Gellibrand, 1635, 117. _See_ John Mair and John Pell, 1635.

Variation of the variation: Gellibrand, 1635, 117–118; Wright, Edw., 80; Petit, P. (Phil. Trans., 1667, p. 502).

Varley introduced the use of compressed air for message transmission, 408

Varnhagen, Francisco, Adolfo de (_at_ Pedro Nuñez), 531

Varthema. _See_ Vertomannus.

Vasco da Gama. _See_ Gama.

Vasco, on Galvanism, 327

Vasquez y Morales, D. Jos., “Ensayo sobre la electricidad ...,” 1747, 555

Vassalli-Eandi, Antonio Maria (1761–1825). _See_ Bibliothèque Italienne; _also_ Mem. Accad. Torino, Vols. 6, 10, 12, 14, 22, 24, 26, 27, 30; Phil. Mag., XV. 319; Journal de Physique, 1799, 1800; Biblioteca Oltremontana, 1787 and 1788, 9, 207, 224, 257, 259, 270, 274, 285, 294–296, 298, 305, 306, 331, 393, 401, 419, 514

Vauquelin, Louis Nicholas (1763–1829), 247, 333, 344, 349, 352, 354, 355, 389, 419

Veau de Launay. _See_ Delaunay.

Veaumorel, Caullet de, 265, 280

Veen, Otto van (Aquinas, St. Thomas), 505

Venanson, Flamminius--Flamnius, “De l’invention de la boussole nautique,” 1808, 5, 17, 30, 31, 43, 54, 56, 57

Venetian Athenaeum--Ateneo di Venezia.

Venetian Imperial Royal Institution, Atti ... (_also_ Memorie) dell’ I.R. Istituto Veneto di science....

Venetus, Paulus. _See_ Sarpi.

Venturi, Giambattista of Modena (1746–1822), 331, 333

Veratti, Giuseppe of Bologna (1707–1793), 186, 204, 213, 264, 384

Vergil--Virgil, “De inventoribus rerum.”

Vergil--Virgil (70–19 B.C.), Publius V. Maro, “Georgics,” “Eclogues,” “Æneid,” etc., title page.

Vergilius--Virgilius--Bishop of Salzburg from 744 to the time of his death during the year 784, 523

Verhand, van het Genootsch te Rotterdam, 280, 292

Vernier (_at_ Coulomb, C. A. de), 276

Verona Lyceum, 420

“Verona Poligrafo,” “Poligrafo, Giornale di scienze ...,” 420

Verrall, A. W., translator of the Agamemnon of Æschylus, 4

_Versorium_, introduced by Wm. Gilbert, 83

Vertommanus--Varthema--Ludovico di (_b._ 1480, _d._ early sixteenth century), 69–70

Vespucci, Amerigo (1452–1512), Italian navigator, in whose honour the new world was named America, Vespuccius Americus, 536, 537

Vetensk Akad. Nyr. Handl., 216, 257, 288, 299, 370

Vicenza, Giornale Enciclopedico, Vicenza 1779–1784, 253

Vicq d’Azyr, Felix (1748–1794). Sécr. Perpétuel Soc. Royale de Médecine, 302, 303

“Vidensk. Salsk. Skrift. Ny Samml.,” 557. _See_ Copenhagen Academy.

Videt, F. F. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 386

Viegeron, P. D., “Mémoire sur la force des pointes,” 252

Vienna Academy--“Kais. Akad. der Wissenschaften,” 250. _See also_ p. 408.

Vienna Polytechnic Institute, 407, 408

“Vierteljehrschrift des Astronomischen Gesellschaft,” Leipzig, 1879, 165

Vieta, Francis (1540–1603), 90, 102, 109

Vigenere, Blaise de (1523–1596), 78

Vignaud, Henri, on Toscanelli and on Columbus, 34, 66

Vigneul--Marville--_pseud._ Noel Bonaventura d’Argonne--“Mélanges d’histoire et de Littérature,” 1699–1701, 97

Vilette, M. F., Paper electrophorus, 249

Vilgerderson, Floke (_at_ Frode, the Wise), 28

Villeneuve, Arnaud de. _See_ Arnaldus de Villa Nova.

Villeneuve, O. de (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 385

Vimercati, Guido, Rivista Scientifico-Industriale.

Vincent and Boncompagni in “Bulletino di Bibliogr.,” Vol. IV., 520

Vincent de Beauvais (_c._ 1190–1264), xix, 16, 18, 33–35, 39, 40, 59

Vineis, P. de, 15

Vircy, Jules Joseph (1775–1847), “Dictionnaire des sciences médicales,” 425

Virgil. _See_ Vergil.

Virginia University, 467

Virgula Divina or divining rod, at Amoretti, 401

Visconti--Visconte--Pietro, author of the oldest known portolan, 1311, 63

Vitalis, H., “De magnetica vulnerum curatione,” 1668, 554

Vitruvius, G.--Marcus Vitruvius Pollio--believed to have flourished in the time of Julius Cæsar, 505, 510

Vitry, Jacobus de, Cardinal Bishop of Ptolemais (_d._ betw. 1240 and 1244), 30, 56, 59

Vivenzio, Le Chevalier G. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), “Teoria e practica della elletricita medica,” 1784, 274, 385

Vogel, Johann Ludwig Andreas (1771–1840), “Die wunder des magnetismus”: Erfurt, 1818.

Vogt, Joannis, author of “Catalogus Historico-Criticus,” 1793, xix

Voigt, Johann Heinrich (1751–1823), “Magazin für das Neueste aus der Physik,” “Versuche ... magnetismus,” Iena, 1793; “Mag. für Naturkunde ...” _See_ Lichtenberg, 314, 316, 318, 327, 368, 380, 383, 452

Volhard, Jacob, in “Le Moniteur Scientifique,” 262

Volland--Voland--Mlle. (_at_ Ledru Comus), 224

Volpicelli, Paolo (1804–1879), “Intorno ... magnete,” “Sul cognito fenomeno ...,” 71, 353, 470

Volt.... _See_ Nipher, Francis Eugène.

Volta, Alessandro (1745–1827). _See_ “Raccolta Voltania”: Como, 1899, 217, 224, 245, 246–249, 261, 274, 276, 277, 278, 279, 284, 285, 288, 293, 295, 304, 320, 327, 331, 332, 337, 338, 339, 349, 350, 351, 361, 368, 389, 395, 416, 419, 424, 426, 443, 447, 461, 462, 470, 483, 487, 490, 491. _At_ p. 15, Vol. II. of Catalogue of the Wheeler Gift is mention of Volta’s well-known letter to Sir Joseph Banks, wherein he announces his discovery of the Voltaic pile, called by him _Organe électrique artificiel_.

Voltaic electricity, first suggestion as to its chemical origin, 329

Voltaic pile, chemical theory of: Parrot, George Friedrich (1802, 1831, 1838), 367–368

Voltaic pile, preparation of ammoniacal amalgam, 388

Voltaire, F. M. Aronet de (1694–1778), “Essai sur les mœurs ...,” 56, 58–59, 61

Von Vang, first emperor of the Tcheou dynasty, 3

Vorsselmann de Heer, Pieter Otto Coenraad (1809–1841) (Algem. Konst-en-Letterb., 1836–1838, _also_ Pogg. Ann., 1839, 1841).

Vossius, G., “De Scientiis Mathem ...,” 513

Vossius, Isaac, Canon of Windsor, “De Motu Morium ...,” 1663.

Vuccher, Jean Jacques, “De Secretis ...,” 1596, 26, 553

W

Wadding, Luc (1588–1657), “Annales Ord. Min ...,” “J. Duns Scoti Opera” in 12 Volumes: Lyons, 1639, 39, 41

Wagenaar, Jan, “Histoire de la Hollande,” 534

Wagner (_at_ Zamboni), 420

Waite, Arthur Edward, “Lives of Alchemystical Philosophers,” 32, 64, 65

Waitz, Jacob Seigismund von (1698–1777), 170, 426

Wa-Kan-san siü-tson-ye, the great Japanese encyclopædia, describes the compass, 153

Wakeley, Andrew, “The mariners’ compass rectified,” 555

Walchius (_at_ Wilkins, John, and _at_ Kratzenstein, C. G.), 119, 172

Wales, William (1734–1798), English mathematician, 242, 457

Walimer, father of Theodoric and King of the Goths, 29

Walker, Adam (1730–1821), 359–360

Walker and Mitchel (Astronomical Journal, Cambridge, Mass., 1848).

Walker, Charles Vincent (1811–1882), “Electrotype Manipulation,” “Manual of Electricity, Magnetism and Meteorology,” 379, 384, 495; Walker, C. V., and Lardner, Dionysius.

Walker, E. (Phil. Mag., XLI. XLII. XLIII., London, 1813–1814).

Walker, Edward, “Terrestrial and Cosmical Magnetism”: Cambridge, 1866, 77, 107, 168, 268, 335

Walker, Ezekiel (_at_ Bennet, Rev. Abraham, and _at_ Murray, John), 291, 429

Walker, Ralph, “Treatise on Magnetism” and “Treatise on the magnet”: London, 1794 and 1798, 54, 77, 119, 137, 157, 191, 232, 249, 250, 546, 555

Walker, Richard (1679–1764), Royal Society Transactions, 547

Walker, S. C., “Researches ... meteors” (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., 1843).

Walker, William, Captain, “The magnetism of ships”: London, 1853, 69, 292, 348

Walker, William, senior (“Mem. of Dist. Men of Science”: London, 1862), 440

Walker, William, junior, and Hunt, Robert, “Memoirs of distinguished men ...”: London, 1864.

Walkiers--Walckiers--de Saint-Amand. _See_ Amand.

Wall, Dr. William, 152, 193

Waller, A. D. (Plant electricity), 260

Waller, Richard, translator of Essays of the Accademio del Cimento, London, 1684, 143

Wallerius, G. (_at_ Ingen-housz), 257

Wallis, John (1616–1703), 138, 141

Walmsley, R. Mullineux. _See_ Urbanitzky.

Walsh, John (1725–1795), 149, 230, 239–240, 241, 258, 270, 290, 298, 319

Waltenhofen, A. K. Elder von (Sitz. d. K. Akad. d. Wiss., Wien, 1863, 1869, 1870).

Walter and Girardi (Mem. Soc. Ital., III. 553), 298

Walter, Louis H., xi

Walton and Cotton, “Complete Angler,” 1847, 37, 65, 109, 507

Waltzemüller, Martinus Hylacomylus--Waldseemüller--“Cosmographiæ Introductio,” 535–536

Ward, Henry (_at_ Pasley, C. W.), 398

Ward, John, “Lives of the Gresham Professors,” 143

Ward, Samuel (1617–1689), “Magnetis reductorium ...,” “Wonders of the loadstone,” 1637 and 1639–1640, 554

Ward, Thomas (1640–1704), 172

Ware (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 386

Wargentin, Pierre Guillaume (1717–1783), 139, 157, 168, 190, 308

Waring, Edward John, “Bibliotheca Therapeutica,” 27

Warltire, John, 227, 228

Wartmann, Louis Elie François (1817–1886), author of many scientific works. The most notable ones on induction appeared at Geneva 1844, 1845, 1846–1850; “Mémoire sur les étoiles filantes”: Bruxelles, 1839, 207, 257

Washington (D. C.) National Academy of Sciences, Memoir of, 321. _See_ Smithsonian Institution.

Water decomposition, methods of and treatises on, 337

Watkins, Fcis. (_at_ Zamboni, G., and _at_ Faraday, M.), 420, 484

Watson, Sir William (1717–1787), 17, 159, 168, 175–177, 178, 186, 189, 196, 197, 198, 221, 227, 231, 251, 320, 385

Watt, Alexander (1823–1892), “Electro-Metallurgy ...,” 1860; “Bibliotheca Britannica,” 4 Vols. 1824, 97, 238, 240

Watt, Gregory (1777–1804), 339

Watt, James (1736–1819), 126, 190, 208, 228, 297, 308, 339, 520

Watt, Robert, “Bibliotheca Britannica” (1774–1819), 131, 134, 170, 255, 540

Watts, Henry (1815–1884), “Dictionary of Chemistry,” “Dictionary of Arts ...,” 417, 449

Weale, John, “Rudimentary series,” 366, 471

Weaver, William D., xi

Webb, Jonathan, of Salem, Mass., 234

Weber, Alfred, “History of Philosophy,” translated by Frank Thilly, 26, 41, 122, 504, 505

Weber, Joseph (_at_ Galvani, Aloysio), 285

Weber, Wilhelm Eduard (1804–1891), 3, 263, 314, 422, 445, 489. _See_ Gauss, Karl Friedrich (1777–1855).

Webster (_at_ Reinhold, J. C. L.), 327

Webster, Dr. J. W., Professor at Harvard College, 417

Webster, John (_at_ Murray, John), 429

Webster, Rev. W., translator of “Histoire de l’Arianisme,” 144

Wedgwood, Aaron, 429. He gives a brief notice of a writing telegraph in his “Book of Remembrance ...”: London, 1814.

Wedgwood, Ralph, 429–430, 439

Wedgwood, Thomas, 429

Weidler, Christian Gottlieb (_at_ Erasmus, R.), 513

Weidler, Johann Friedrich (1692–1755), 122, 130, 308, 505

Weigel, Chr. Ehrenfried, “Grundriss ...,” 1777, 556

Weigsenborn of Weimar (_at_ Franklin, B.), 195

Weiss, Charles Samuel (1780–1856), 431, 432

Weiss, E., Electrometer, 431

Weisse, John A., “Origin ... Engl. language and literature,” 1879, 42

Weld, Charles Richard, “History of the Royal Society,” 66, 75, 103, 114, 132, 155, 167, 168, 181, 191, 196, 239, 252, 446, 456, 462, 471

Wells, Charles William (1757–1817) (Phil. Trans., 1795, p. 246), “Observatione ... Galvani’s experiments”: London, 1795, 284, 322–323, 327, 419

Wells, D. A., “Annual of Scientific Discovery ...”: Boston, U.S.A., 1850

Wenckebach--Wenkebach--Edouard (1813–1874), “De Magneto-elektrische ...,” 1838.

Wenckebach--Wenkebach--Wilhelm (1803–1847), “Sur Petrus Adsigerius,” 48, 53, 54

Wennstrom, John, 358

Wens, Act. Hill, 253

Werner, C., “Die Scholastik ...”: Vienna, 1881, 41

Wernsdorf, Johann Christian, 19

Wesley, John (1703–1791), 212, 213, 216

Westcott’s magnetic guard for needle pointers, 443 (_at_ Pasley, C. W.), 398

Westen, Wynant van, 554

“Westminster Review,” London, 458

Weston--Wheldon, “Catalogue,” 124, 230

Westphal, T. J., “Nikolaus Kopernikus,” 508

Wetzel, Dr., of Upsal, 212

Weyer, Sylvain van de, “Lettres sur les Anglais ...,” 1854, 79, 81

Wheatstone, Sir Charles (1802–1875), 422, 430, 440; Coke, W. F., and Wheatstone, Sir Chas.

Wheeler, Schuyler Skaats, Latimer Clark Library Catalogue, xiv

Wheldon’s Catalogue, 230

Wheler, Granville, 154, 155

Whewell, William (1794–1866), “History of the Inductive Sciences ...,” “Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences ...,” “Physical Astronomy,” “History of Scientific Ideas,” “Astronomy and Physics,” 30, 32, 42, 43, 59, 75, 89, 91, 94, 95, 96, 102, 103, 116, 117, 119, 120, 122, 131, 134, 138, 142, 147, 156, 157, 159, 171, 214, 220, 239, 370, 378, 391, 396, 404, 412, 414, 433, 445, 446, 451, 453, 460, 464, 467, 469, 471, 476, 479, 499, 481, 484, 485, 493, 495, 499, 508, 522

Whiston, William (1667–1752), 77, 150, 156, 191. _See_ “Dict. of Nat. Biogr.,” Vol. LXI. 1900, pp. 10–14.

White, A. Hastings, xi

White, Andrew D., author, 114

White, John, “A rich cabinet ... of inventions,” 135

White, M., associated with Stephen Grey, 161

Whitehouse’s pamphlet on the Atlantic Telegraph, 496

Wiard, Secretary of Mme. Du Deffand, 291

Wiedeburg, Johann Ernst Basilius (1733–1789), “Beobachtungen und Muthmassungen ...”: Iena, 1771, 140, 308

Wiedemann, G. M. (Pogg. Annal. Volumes for 1848–1862).

Wiedemann, Gustav. Heinrich (1826–1899), “Die lehre von galvanismus ...,” 1861–1863; “Die lehre von der elektricität,” 1882–1885, 441, 498

Wiedemann, Rudolf Franz (Ann. Physik und Chemie, Vol. 89, pp. 497–531).

Wieglib, Johann Christian (1732–1801), editor of “Handbuch der Allgem. Chemie,” “Die natuerliche ...”: Berlin, 1779, 262

Wien. _See_ Vienna.

Wilcke--Wlik--Johann Carl (1732–1796), 187, 205, 214–216, 217, 288, 315, 386, 410, 444

Wilde, Franz Samuel, “Expériences sur l’électricité des cascades,” 293

Wilkes, C., “Theory of Zodiacal Light,” 142

Wilkins, John, the fourteenth Bishop of Chester and first Secretary of the Royal Society (1614–1672), “Mercury, or the secret and swift messenger,” 119, 171, 437

Wilkins, Simon (_at_ Browne, Sir Thomas), 124

Wilkinson, Charles Henry (fl. 1800), “Elements of Galvanism in theory and practice,” 2 Vols.: London, 1804; “Essay on the Leyden Phial ...”: London, 1798, 140, 224, 228, 231, 237, 240, 249, 269–270, 279, 280, 281, 284, 289, 306, 307, 312, 323, 325, 326, 327, 331, 333, 337, 339, 347, 353, 355, 361, 365, 379, 385, 402, 419, 483

Wilkinson, George, of Sunderland, 229, 385

William IV, King of England, 466

William, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassell, 93

Williams, Professor Samuel, magnetic observations first made in U.S., 259

Williamson, H., 230, 299

Willigen, V. T. M., van der, 160

Wilson, Benjamin (1708–1788), “Treatise on electricity,” 1750, 1752; “New experiments and observations ...,” 1777, 155, 176, 178, 180, 183–185, 202, 203, 209, 221, 231, 251, 252, 255, 320, 419. _See_ Hoadley, Dr. Benjamin, and Wilson, Benjamin, “Observations on a series of experiments ...”: London, 1756. _See_ Copley Medal.

Wilson, George, 239, 374, 406

Wilson, James, F.R.S.E., 192, 297, 374

Wilson, Philip--Phillip, 325, 437

Wilson, W. (Phil. Mag., XXII. 260), 337

Winckler, Johann Heinrich (1703–1770), 162, 174, 176, 186, 198, 205, 321, 555

Windelband, Dr., “Hist. of Phil. translated by Jas. H. Tufts,” 37, 40, 41, 102, 122, 505, 510

Wind-roses. _See_ Rose of the winds.

Wingfield, John, “New method increasing ... capacity ... electric jars,” 231. _See_ Cuthbertson, John.

Winship, George P., “The Cabot Bibliography,” 69

Winsor, Justin, “Narrative and Critical History ...,” “Bibliography of Ptolemy’s Geography” (1831–1897), “Description of John G. Kohl’s Collection of Early Maps,” 62–63, 64, 66, 67, 115, 523, 524, 536

Winter, George K. (_at_ Ingen-housz, J. J.), 256

Winthorp, John (_at_ Newton, Sir Isaac), 134

Wireless Telegraphy, 10, 19

Wischoff, C., “De Wonderwerken Godts ...,” 1729, 555

Witson--Witsen--Nicholaes of Amsterdam, 149

Wittry, Abbé d’Everlange de, 259

Wittry de Abdt. (1764–1840), “On preparation of mosaic gold for electric machines,” 431

Wöhler--Woehler--Friedrich (1800–1882), “Grundriss der Chemie,” 1833, 340, 370. _See_ Wöhler, F., and Partsch, P. M., “Analyse des Meteoreis ...”: Wien, 1852; Wöhler, F., and Berzelius, J. J. F. von, “Jahrsbericht ...,” 1822 to 1851; Cates, L. R., “Dict. of General Biography,” p. 1552.

Wolf, C., “Histoire de l’observatoire depuis as fondation ...,” 267

Wolf, C., and Bina, A., “Physica experimentalis ...”: Venetiis 1753–1756, 555

Wolf, Christian (1679–1716) (Act. Erudit. 1716), 420

Wolf, M. (_at_ Horrebow, Peter), “Hist. Ordbog.,” 158

Wolf, R., “Geschichte der Astronomie ...,” “Über der Ozongchalt ...”

Wolfart, Dr. Carl Christian, of Berlin, 236

Wolfart, J. F., “Des Guiot von Provins”: Halle, 1861, 30

Wolfe, Samuel, of the Society of Dantzig, 174

Wolfius (_at_ Hauksbee, F., and _at_ Hausen, C. A.), 150, 169

Wolfram, Erdmann (1760–1828), 449 (Ferussac, Bulletin), 1824.

Wollaston, William Hyde (1766–1828), 221, 255, 280, 347, 356–359, 364, 365, 394, 403, 419, 433, 456, 478, 484, 488, 490, 496

Wood, Anthony à, “Athenæ Oxonienses,” 80, 81, 91, 92

Wood, John, 158, 175

Wood, Professor (_at_ Bennet, Rev. A.), 291

Woodbury, Hon. Levi, 368

Woods, S. (Phil. Mag., XXI. 289), 249

Woodward (_at_ Howldy, Thomas), 428

Woodward, Bernard Bolingbroke. _See_ Cates, W. L. R.

Woolinch, Royal Military Academy, 434, 457, 497

Worcester, Marquis of, 434

Wordsworth, Christopher, “Ecclesiastical Bibliography,” 513

“World Apple,” Behaim’s celebrated globe, 67

Wormell, Richard, 162, 219

Wornsdorff, “Poetæ Latinæ Minores,” 19

Worsley, Philip Stanhope, translator of Homer’s “Odyssey,” 6

Wotton (_at_ Boyle, Robert), 130, 131

Woulfe, M. (Phil. Trans., 1771), 431

Wren, Sir Christopher (1632–1723), contrives a _terrella_.

Wright, Edward, “The haven-finding art,” being a translation of the “Portuum Investigandum ratio” of Stevin, Simon, 76, 80, 521, 522, 525, 533, 559–564

Wright, Gabriel (_at_ Nairne, Edward), 265

Wright, Thomas (1810–1877), “Chronicles and Memoirs ... middle ages,” 1863, 31, 91

Writers, navigators and others alluded to in Giberts’ _De Magnete_, XVII. 501–542

Wüllner (_at_ Faraday, M.), 492

Wundt, Wilhelm, “Philosophische Studien”: Leipzig, 1886.

Wünshendorff, E., “Traité de télégraphie sous-marine,” 407

Wüstenfeld--Wuestenfeld--Heinrich Ferdinand, “Geschichte der Arabischen Aertze ...”: Göttingen, 1840, 38, 39, 519

X

Xenocrates of Chalcedon (396–314 B.C.), Greek philosopher, 543

Xenophanes of Colophon, contemporary of Anixamander and of Pythagoras (sixth century B.C.), 532

Xenophon, Athenian historian (_c._ 434–355 B.C.), 12, 43, 196. _See_ Moreri, Louis, “Grand Dictionnaire historique,” Vol. XVIII. p. 74

Xerxes I (_c._ 519–465 B.C.), 4

Ximenes, Leonardo (1716–1786), “Osservazione dell’ Aurora boreale ...,” 1752–1753.

Y

Yates and Hansteen (Vol. II. Whewell’s Hist. of Ind. Sc.), 446

Yatman, Matthew, “Familiar analysis ... electricity and galvanism ...”: London, 1810; “Letter ... on Davy’s Galvanic girdle”: London, 1811, 347

“Year Book of Facts in Science and the Arts,” discoveries in electricity, etc., commenced in London during 1838.

Yelin, Chevalier Julius Konrad von (1771–1826), 327, 473, 477

Youmans, Dr. Edward Livingston, author of “Chemical Atlas,” 1856, 370

Young, Arthur (1741–1820), “Travels in France ...,” “Voyage Agronomique en France,” 285, 286

Young, C. A., in American Journal of Science, 140

Young, Dr. Matthew (1750–1800), “Analysis of the principles of natural philosophy,” 387, 405, 467

Young, Sir Thomas (1773–1829), “A course of lectures on natural philosophy and the mechanical arts”: London, 1807; “Catalogue,” 34, 54, 92, 140, 155, 206, 221, 225, 238, 239, 245, 249, 250, 256, 258, 259, 268, 271, 276, 277, 284, 290, 298, 308, 309, 310, 311, 313, 330, 340, 346, 359, 364, 369, 386, 388, 395–396, 431, 462, 468

Yue-tchang-che, Chinese writer, 3

Yule, Colonel Sir Henry (reviewer of Marco Polo’s Travels), 55

Z

Zaccaire--Zachaire--Zacharias--Denis (1510–1556), 553

Zaccaria, F. A., “Annali letterari ...,” “Storia della Elettricita ...”: Modena, 1762–1764.

Zach, Franz Xavier, Baron von, “Zach. Mon. Corr. ...,” “Allg. ... Geographische Ephemeriden,” 462

Zachary, Bishop of Rome (_d._ A.D. 752), 523

Zahn, F. Joannes (1641–1707), 8, 145–146. His “Specula ...,” 3 Vols. 1696, gives a list of writers on the magnet.

Zakarīyā-Ibn-Muhammad Al-Kazwīnī, on Aerolites (Nuova scelta d’Opuscoli, 9to, ii, 333).

Zamboni, Giuseppe (1776–1846), 249, 257, 364, 388, 420, 447; Resti-Ferrari, G., “Elettroscopio ... del Zamboni”; Girolamo Ferrari’s review of the five volumes of the “Corso elementare di fisica,” published by R. Gerbi: Pisa, 1823–1825.

Zamboni, G., and Fusinieri, A., “Sulla teoria ...”: Padova, 1834, 420

Zanon, Bartolomeo, “Intorno un punto ...”: Belluno, 1840, 257

Zanotii, Francesco Maria (1692–1777), 306, 308. _See_ Larcher.

Zantedeschi, Francesco (1797–1873), 183, 257, 298, 423, 426, 449. _See_ Romagnosi, G. D., _also_ Giornale fisico-chimico; Annali di fisica: Padova, 1849–1850.

Zedler, Johann Heinrich (_at_ Erasmus, R.), 512 (1706–1760); “Grosses ... universal lexicon ...”

“Zeitschrift des Deutsch-Oesterreichischen Telegraphen-Vereins,” commenced in Berlin during 1854 and was continued in 1872 as “Annalen der Telegraphie ...”

Zeitschrift für Ægyptische Sprache und Alterthumskunde, 14

Zeitschrift für Angewandte Elektricitätslehre, edited by Carl, Ph., and Uppenborn, F., Jr.

Zeitschrift für mathematischen und naturw. ... von Hoffmann: Leipzig, 1870–1876.

Zeitschrift für physik und mathematik, edited by Ettinghausen, A. von, and Baumgartner, Andreas, 10 Vols. published at Wien, 1806–1832, 432, 476

Zeitschrift für physikalische chemie. _See_ Ostwald, F. W.

Zeitschrift für populare mittheilungen ..., von Peters, C. A. F.: Altona, 1858–1869, 446

Zeller, Dr. Edward (1814–1908), “History of Greek Philosophy,” “Philosophie der Griechen,” 510, 511

Zend-Avesta (religious book of the Parsees), 541, 542

Zendrini, B. (_at_ John Dalton), 308

Zenger, M. W. (Sc. Am. Suppl., p. 10915), 139

Zeno of Citium, founder of the Stoics, flourished in Cyprus during third century B.C., and is said to have lived 92 years, 543

Zeno of Elea, the adopted son of Parmenides, born about 500 B.C., 543

Zeno, Pietro Caterino, “Giornale de Letterati, d’Italia,” 1710, 506

Zetzsche, Karl Eduard (1830–1894), “Geschichte der Elektrischen Telegraphie,” 316, 384, 421, 439

Zetzell, P., “Anmerkung von der lahmheit,” 1755, 264, 386

Ziemssen, H. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 386

Zimmermann, Wilhelm Ludwig (1780–1825) (Gilb. Annalen, Vol. 28, p. 483).

Zodiacal Light, 141–142, 380

_Zohron_ and _Aphron_, 33, 35

Zöllner, J. K. Friedrich, “Theory of Comets” (Auszug. in Pog. Ann., CIX. 1860), 140

Zoroaster--Zarath ’ustra--Zerdusht (_c._ 589–513 B.C.), 520, 542, 544. _See_ Moreri, Louis, “Grand Dictionnaire Historique,” Vol. VIII. p. 115.

Zosimus, Greek historian, who lived under Theodosius II (401–450), is the first to call attention to the electrolytic separation of metals, 24. _See_ Moreri, Louis, “Grand Dictionnaire Historique,” Vol. VIII. p. 116.

Zuccala, G. (_at_ Volta, Alessandro), 248

Zucchi, Nicolo--Zucchius Nicolaus--“Nova de machini philosophia,” 1649, 146, 554

Zuchold, E. A., “Bibliotheca Historico-Naturalis ...”: Göttingen.

Zurich, “Repertorium für organische chemie.” _See_ Löwig, C. von.

Zwinger, F. (_at_ Thillaye-Platel), 385

Zwinger, Theodor, “Scrutinum Magnetis” (1658–1724), 554

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Touching the antiquity of the Chinese nation, the distinguished French author, J. P. Pauthier (“Chine,” Paris, 1839, pp. 20, 27), thus expresses himself: “Son histoire authentique qu’elle fait remonter avec ce charactère de certitude, jusqu’à la 61^e année du règne de Hoang-ti, la première de leur premier cycle, 2637 ans avant notre ère.... Le cycle de 60 années dont les séries se suivent depuis la 61^e année du règne de Hoang-ti, sans interruption et avec autant de régularité que les siècles dans les computs Européens.” And Saillant et Nyon (“Mémoires concernant l’histoire,” Vol. XIII. p. 76) add conclusively: “Depuis l’année courante (1769) jusqu’à la 2637^e avant l’ère Chrétienne, qui répond exactement à la 61^e du règne de Hoang-ti, on peut sans crainte de s’égarer, suivre un des plus beaux sentiers de l’histoire, pendant l’espace de 4406 ans.”

Incidentally, we may add that in his “History of Chaldea,” New York, 1866, pp. 195, 213, 364, Mr. Z. A. Ragozin says that that country can point to a monumentally recorded date nearly 4000 B.C.--more than Egypt can do--and he says, furthermore, “we cannot possibly accept a date later than 4000 B.C. for the foreign immigration, and, for the Shumiro-Accadian culture, less than 1000 years, thus taking us as far back as 5000 B.C. The date of 3750 B.C. is that of Naram-Sin, and 3800 B.C. is now generally accepted for Sargon of Agadê--_perhaps the remotest authentic date yet arrived at in history_. To such as are inclined to doubt the authenticity of these early dates, as well as the truthfulness of “the mensuration of divine periods,” and of “the observations of celestial bodies throughout the whole of time,” it will be interesting to note the following, taken from the Greek “Iamblichus” translation of Thomas Taylor, Chiswick, 1821, p. 318: “Proclus (in _Tim._, lib. iv. p. 277) informs us that the Chaldeans had observations of the stars which embraced whole mundane periods ... likewise confirmed by Cicero, who says (in his first book on Divination) that they had records of the stars for the space of 370,000 years, and by Diodorus Siculus (‘Bibl.,’ lib. xi. p. 118), who states that their observations comprehended the space of 473,000 years!”

[2] “Le monument le plus ancien (de pierre sculptée) signalé par le King-che-so porte sur une façade cette scène d’histoire: ‘Tcheou-Choung, régent de l’empire pendant la minorité de son neveu Tching-Ouang (1110 av. J. C.) reçoit les envois du roi des Yue-tchang-che.... Les anciens auteurs Chinois rapportent que ces ambassadeurs offrirent à la cour de Chine des éléphants et des faisans blancs et que pour leur retour Tcheou-Koung leur fit présent de chars qui montraient le sud.’” (“L’art Chinois,” par M. Paléologue, Paris, 1888, pp. 132–134; J. P. Pauthier, “Chine,” p. 87.)

[3] While the Greeks steered by the Great Bear, which, if a more visible, was a far more uncertain guide, the Phœnicians had, at an early time, discovered a less conspicuous but more trustworthy guide in the polar star, which the Greeks call _The Phœnician Star_ (“History of Antiquity,” Prof. Max Duncker, translated by Evelyn Abbott, London, 1882, Vol. II. p. 293).

[4] The Etruscans “inquired, under the direction of technical rules, into the hidden properties of nature, particularly those of the electric phenomena.” “History of the Romans,” by Chas. Merivale, New York, 1880, Vol. II. p. 395. (Cicero, “De Divin.,” i. 41–42; Diod. Sic., v. 40; Senec., “Nat. Qu.,” ii. 32; Micali, “l’Italie,” ii. 246 foll.).

[5] In this