C.

Cadwallader, 5.

Caistor, 353.

Calais, 63-65, 74, 83, 93, 97, 112, 114, 129, 131, 139, 140, 142-146, 154, 159, 160, 203, 224, 254 _n_, 308-310, 315, 370, 375, 384; parliamentary representation of, 368. Calshot Castle, 375. Cambrai, 94, 296. ------ League of (1508), 29, 52, 53, 90, 98. ------ Peace of (1529), 224, 246, 250, 309. Cambridge, 20, 49, 77, 283, 334, 354. Campeggio, Lorenzo, Cardinal, 97, 112, 155, 184, 185 _n_, 186, 190, 204, 206 _n_, 211, 215-218, 219 _n_, 220 _n_, 222, 223, 225, 237, 238, 247, 270, 311 _n_, 318. Canon Law, 6, 117, 200, 336, 337, 349. Canterbury, 106, 140, 143, 260 _n_, 372. ---------- Archbishopric of, 16, 296, 298, 318, 329, 417. ---------- Archbishops of. _See_ Becket, Thomas a; Cranmer, Thomas; Langton, Stephen; Pole, Reginald; Warham, William. Capua, Archbishop of, 225. Carroz, Luis, 49, 59, 61 _n_, 62, 67, 70, 76 and _note_, 132, 192. Casale, Giovanni, 170, 207, 211, 224, 226. Castello, Hadrian de. _See_ Hadrian. Castile, 26-29, 51, 52, 72, 75, 92, 104, 167, 176, 313. ------- Isabella of. _See_ Isabella. ------- _See also_ Philip of Burgundy and Juana. Castillon, Louis de Perreau, Sieur de, 370. Catherine of Aragon, marriage to Prince Arthur, 11, 14, 48, 283; proposals for second marriage of, 26, 27; betrothed to Henry VIII., 27; possibly taught Henry Spanish, 22; marriage deferred, 28; marriage to Henry VIII., 45, 46; coronation, 46; commissioned as Ferdinand's ambassador, 51; regent in England, 65; ally of Charles V., 137; attends Field of Cloth of Gold, 141, 142; legality of her marriage questioned, 173, 174, 281; premature death of her children, 174-177; divorce threatened, 76, 176; ceases to bear children, 178-181; her conscience, 178; purity and courage of, 192, 193; divorce unjust to her, 193, 212; proceedings against her, 202; correspondence with Charles, 220; protests in person against the Legates' Court, 221; her popularity, 250, 314; championed by Charles, 226, 294; alleged nullity of her marriage, 296, 319; sentence by Cranmer, 300; her treatment by Henry VIII. and Anne Boleyn, 303, 304, 309, 310, 311 _n_; dissuaded by Charles V. from leaving England, 311; Pope pronounces her marriage valid, 321; her death, 335, 336, 342; other references to, 51 _n_, 70, 106, 200, 208, 210, 216, 251, 259, 265, 275, 282, 289, 304 _n_, 305, 312, 313, 327, 347-350, 364, 428. --------- of France, Queen of Henry V., 5. --------- sister of Charles V., Queen of Portugal, 100. --------- Howard, character before her marriage, 397; her marriage, 398, 399; misconduct, 403; death, 404; her fall impairs Duke of Norfolk's influence, 416. --------- Parr, her previous marriages, 410; marriage to Henry, 410; her tact, 411; favour towards New Learning, 416. Caxton, William, 20. Cecil, William, Lord Burghley, 38. Cervia, 224, 226. Chancery, _See_ Courts. Chapuys, Eustace, 114 _n_, 132, 185, 192 _n_, 194, 197 _n_, 247, 248 _n_, 262, 268, 271 _n_, 273 _n_, 274, 275, 284 _sqq._, 285 _n_, 295, 298, 300, 303, 304 and _note_, 305-308, 311, 313-315 and _note_, 319, 321, 332, 335, 339 _n_, 342 _n_, 343, 345 _n_, 350, 352, 359, 362 _n_, 364, 366, 373, 374, 403, 405. Charlemagne, 52, 76. Charles I. of England, 25 _n_, 258, 259. ------- II., 186, 432. ------- V., Emperor, suggested marriage to Mary Tudor, 26, 28, 45, 48, 65, 72-81, 83; heir to both grandfathers, 51 and _note_; assumes government of the Netherlands, 85; succeeds Ferdinand, 73, 92, 93; enters into Treaty of Noyon, 93; difficulties in Spain, 96; election as Emperor, 100-105; treated by Wolsey as an equal, 111; pensions to Wolsey, 115, 116; his foreign possessions, 136; reasons for peace with England, 137; invitation to visit England, 139; second meeting with Henry, 143; war with France, 144, 148; Wolsey's mediation between Francis and Charles, 145-147; proposed marriage to Mary of England, 143, 146, 156; Wolsey sides with Charles, 148-152; battle of Pavia, 154; influence on papal elections, 154, 155; promises to aid Wolsey's candidature for the Papacy, 161, 162; joins England against France, 159; his supremacy in Europe, 163, 164; marriage with Isabella of Portugal, 167; plans for deposing Henry, 180; his morals, 186; champions his aunt's cause, 202, 225, 294; peace with Henry, 224; Treaty of Barcelona, 226; appeal to a general council, 230 _n_; appealed to by Wolsey, 247; alliance with Clement, 249, 295, 297; alliance with Francis, 250, 371, 381, 382, 392; objects to carry out the papal sentence, 309, 310; rivalry with Francis, 108, 312, 429; anxious for Henry's friendship, 322, 359; engaged in conquering Tunis, 334; meeting with Francis and Paul III., 372; breach with Francis, 404, 405; intrigues with James V. of Scotland, 406; secret treaty with Henry, 410; peace with Francis, 412; other references to, 76, 78, 88, 98, 108, 118, 132, 158, 193-196, 197 _n_, 201, 204, 206, 207, 212, 216, 223, 251, 261, 275, 283, 295, 301, 302 _n_, 304, 308, 311 _n_, 314, 332, 349, 361, 366, 370, 373, 376, 377, 383, 386, 393, 396, 398. ------- VIII. of France, 10, 30. ------- the Bold, 30, 51 _n_, 136. Charlotte, daughter of Francis I., 93, 143. Chester, Bishopric of, 318, 401. Chichester, Bishop of. _See_ Sampson, Richard. ---------- Bishopric of, 319. Chieregati, 95, 96, 113, 121, 135. Chievres, William de Croy, Lord of, 85, 183. Chobham, 421. Christina of Milan, 370, 371 and _note_, 384. Cinque Ports, 16. Civil Law, 38, 334, 362 _n_. Clarence, Duke of. _See_ George. Clarendon, Constitutions of, 271. Claude, Queen of France, 188. Clement VII., Pope, his policy as Cardinal de Medici, 148, 152-154, 230; proclaimed Pope, 162 _n_; forms the Holy League, 168; his imperial interests, 169; confirmed Suffolk's divorce, 199; his captivity, 201; gives Wolsey legatine powers, 202; warned by Wolsey that his fall means ruin to the Church in England, 204-206, 211, 212, 237; suggests two wives for Henry, 207; anxious to avoid responsibility, 213; urges Catherine to enter a nunnery, 213 and _note_, 214; commission to Campeggio and Wolsey to try the divorce, 214, 215, 221; his indecision, 216, 224-227, 280, 294; instructs Campeggio to procrastinate, 216, 222; refuses to declare the brief a forgery, 220; his motives for siding against Henry VIII., 224, 225; his treaty with the Emperor, 225, 226; revokes his commission to Campeggio and Wolsey, 226, 227; bull of 1530, 281, 282; interviews Charles, 295; apparent friendship with Henry VIII., 296, 297; delays in the divorce suit, 298; prepares the final ban of the Church against Henry VIII., 302, 303, 316; pronounces Catherine's marriage valid, 321; his dispensation for the marriage of Anne Boleyn, 208-210, 344; his death, 322; other references to, 187 _n_, 210, 218, 230 _n_, 247, 276, 309, 319, 428. Clerk, John, Bishop of Bath and Wells, 154, 155, 161, 197 _n_, 318, 338. Cleves, Anne of. _See_ Anne. ------ Duke John of, father of Anne of Cleves, 382, 383. ------ Duke William of, brother of Anne, 383, 386, 393. Coinage, debasement of, 418. Coire, 99. Colet, John, Dean of St. Paul's, 134. Commons, House of. _See also_ Parliament. ------- ----- More pleads its privileges, 165, 259; throws out attainder against Wolsey, 246; packing of, 252 _sqq._; free speech in, 259, 288, 289; powers of, 259 _n_; feared by the Church, 270, 280; Audley chosen Speaker, 278; refuses to remit Henry's loan, 279; attacks abuses, 291; passes Act of Appeals, 299; waits on Henry, 320; passes attainder against Cromwell, 390; opposition to Cromwell, 391. Conquet, 63. Constable, Sir Robert, 357. Constantine, the Emperor, 363 _n_. Contarini, Cardinal, 153, 318, 359. Copley, Sir Roger, 253. Cork, 10. Corneto, 215. Cornwall, Dukes of. _See_ Arthur, Prince, and Henry VIII. Coron, 312. Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 49, 206 _n_. Council, Ordinary, 364 _n_. ------- government by, 364 _n_. ------- Privy, 288, 289, 356, 365, 403, 416. ------- of the North, 358, 366. ------- of Wales, 364 _n_, 365, 366. ------- of Trent, 299. Court of Augmentations, 337. ----- Chancery, 319, 320, 327. ----- Requests, 38, 368. ----- Star Chamber, 35, 38, 119, 120, 368. ----- Wards and Liveries, 368. Courtenay, Henry, Marquis of Exeter, 183, 305, 374, 375. --------- Sir William, 374. Coventry and Lichfield, Bishopric of, 318. Coverdale, Miles, 379. Cowes, 57. Cradock, Sir Matthew, 11. Cranmer, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury, suggests an appeal to the Universities, 282; appointed Archbishop, 296; expedition of his bulls, 296-298; his court made final, 299; declares Catherine's marriage void and Anne's valid, 300, 302; crowns Anne as queen, 300; declares Anne's marriage invalid, 344; licenses Henry to marry a third wife, 346; informs Henry of Catherine Howard's misconduct, 403; his hold on Henry, 416; discusses the _King's Book_ with Henry, 417; is attacked, 418; sent for in Henry's illness, 424, 425; other references to, 191, 197 _n_, 230 _n_, 282 and _note_, 325 _n_, 327 and _note_, 354, 379, 385, 391 _n_, 393, 401 _n_. Croke, Richard, 282 _n_. Crome, Edward, 274. Cromwell, Oliver, 368, 432. -------- Thomas, Earl of Essex, humble birth, 38, 42; rising to notice, 159; opposes Wolsey's attainder in the Commons, 246, 278; his agents, 254; his interference in elections, 260 and _note_, 261, 317; reports on Parliament to the King, 263 _n_; becomes secretary, 273, 323; prepares bills for Parliament, 289 _n_, 291; said to "rule everything," 318; anxious to make Henry despotic, 323 and _note_, 329; anxious to make Henry rich, 341; never in Wolsey's position, 350; anxious for government by council, 364; appointed vicar-general, 378; vicegerent, 379; induces Henry to marry Anne of Cleves, 384, 385; packs Parliament in favour of his own policy, 392; his fall, 397, 416; created Earl of Essex; his death, 2, 394; other references to, 290, 325 _n_, 339 _n_, 349, 354, 366 _n_, 381, 399, 400, 434 _n_, 436 _n_. Crowley, Robert, 257 _n._ Crown, succession to the. _See_ Succession. Culpepper, Thomas, 398, 403.