D.
Damnum sine injuria esse potest.
There may be loss without injustice.
Debet esse vel aliquod speciale damnum emergens, vel saltem aliquod gravamen quod nocere possit et videatur probabiliter nociturum.
There ought to be either some special emergent loss, or at least some grievance which can hurt, and may appear in all probability likely to hurt.
Debitor non præsumitur donare.
A debtor is not presumed to grant a donation.
Debitum sequitur personam.
Debt follows the person.
Deceptis non decipientibus jura subveniunt.
Laws assist the deceived, not the deceiving.
Decipi quam fallere est tutius.
It is more safe to be deceived than to deceive.
Deficiente uno non potest esse hæres.
One being deficient, he cannot be an heir.
De fide et officio judicis non recipitur quæstio; sed de scientia sive error sit juris sive facti.
A question is not admitted concerning the honesty and duty of a judge; but concerning his knowledge whether it may be an error of the law or of the fact.
De minimis non curat lex.
The law has no care of very small things.
De non apparentibus et non existentibus eadem est ratio.
There is the same estimation concerning things not apparent and things not existing.
De similibus ad similia eadem ratione procedendum est.
We must proceed from similar things to similar, in the same way.
Delegata potestas non potest delegari.
A delegated power cannot be delegated.
Delinquens per iram provocatus, puniri debet mitius.
A delinquent provoked by anger, ought to be punished more mildly.
Derivativa potestas non potest esse major primitiva.
Derivative power cannot be greater than primitive.
Derivativa potestas est ejusdem jurisdictionis cum primitiva.
Derivative power is of the same jurisdiction as the primitive.
Descensus tollit intrationem.
Descent takes away entrance.
Designatio unius est exclusio alterius, et expressum facit cessare tacitum.
The designation of one is the exclusion of another; and what is expressed makes what is tacit to cease.
Designatio unius est exclusio alterius.
The particularizing of one is the exclusion of another.
Deum esse ex consensu omnium communis orta lex in legibus Angliæ plurimum valet.
The common law which has arisen by the consent of all, that God exists, has great weight in the laws of England.
Dies dominicus non est dies juridicus.
The Lord’s day is not a day for court business.
Dignitas supponit officium et curam, et non est partibilis.
Dignity supposes office and charge, and is not divisible.
Dignitates rex dat, virtus conservat, delicta auferunt.
The king confers honours, virtue preserves them, transgressions take them away.
Dignus mercede operarius.
The labourer is worthy of his hire.
Dilatio quæ pro justitia faciat acceptissima quæ contra justitiam maxime invisa.
Delay or suspension for justice sake, is very acceptable; but delay contrary to justice is very odious.
Dilationes in lege sunt odiosæ.
Delays in law are odious.
Discretio est per legem discernere quid sit justum.
Discretion is to discern what is just by the law.
Discretio est scire per legem quid sit justum.
Discretion is to know what is just by the law.
Dispensatio est vulnus, quod vulnerat jus commune.
Dispensation is a wound that injures common right.
Dispensatio est mali prohibiti, provida relaxatio utilitate communi pensata.
Dispensation relates to an evil prohibited, a provident relaxation compensated by common advantage.
Dissimulatione tollitur injuria.
Injury is taken away by dissimulation.
Distinguenda sunt tempora; aliud est facere, aliud perficere.
Times are to be distinguished; there is a time to act, and another to finish.
Distinguenda sunt tempora.
Times are to be distinguished.
Districtio non potest esse nisi pro certis servitiis.
Distraining of goods cannot be, unless for certain services or servitudes.
Dolo facit, qui petit quod redditurus est.
He asks with guile, who asks what he ought to return.
Dolus circuitu non purgatur.
Craft is not justified by any round about way.
Dolus versatur in generalibus.
Craft is inconsistent in general.
Dolus auctoris non nocet successori.
The craft of an author does not hurt his successor.
Dolosus versatur in universalibus.
The crafty man is employed in universals.
Dominium a possessione cœpisse dicitur.
Dominion is said to have taken its rise from possession.
Dominium non potest esse in pendenti.
Dominion cannot be over a thing depending.
Dominus omnium in regno terrarum rex habendus, et ab eo omnes tenent, ita tamen ut suum cuique sit.
The king is to be reckoned the lord of all the lands in the kingdom; and all hold of him, yet so as that every one has his own.
Dominus vel causam servi vel personam inculpato defendet; etiam ubi alii non liceret.
The master may without blame defend the cause or person of his servant, even where it is not lawful for another.
Domum suam unicuique reficere licet, dum non officiat invito alteri, in quo jus non habet.
It is lawful for every one to repair his own house, provided he does it not against the will of another over whom he has no right.
Dona clandestina semper sunt suspiciosa.
Clandestine gifts are always suspicious.
Donari videtur, quod nullo jure cogente conceditur.
A thing appears to be granted which is granted without any compulsion of the law.
Donatio non præsumitur.
A donation is not presumed.
Donatio perficitur possessione accipientis.
A donation is completed by the possession of the receiver.
Donatio principis intelligitur sine præjudicio tertii.
A donation of the principal is understood to be without prejudice of a third party.
Donatio quælibet ex vi legis sortitur effectum.
Any donation obtains effect by the force of law.
Dormiunt aliquando leges, nunquam moriuntur.
The laws sometime sleep, never die.
Duo non possunt esse domini ejusdem rei in solidum.
Two persons cannot entirely be master of the same thing.
Duo non possunt in solido unam rem possidere.
Two cannot entirely possess one thing.
Duplex placitum non admittitur.
A double will, or edict, is not admitted.
Durum est per divinationem a verbis recedere.
It is hard to depart from the meaning of words by means of conjecture.
E.
Ea est accipienda interpretatio quæ vitio caret.
That interpretation is to be received which is not defective.
Ea quæ dari impossibilia sunt, vel quæ in rerum natura non sunt, pro non adjectis habentur.
Those things which cannot possibly be given, or which have no existence in the nature of things, are considered as things not included.
Ea quæ raro accidunt, non temere in agendis negotiis computantur.
Those things which seldom happen are not rashly to be computed in transacting business.
Ea sola deportationis sententia aufert, quæ ad fiscum pervenerit.
A sentence of transportation takes away those things alone which come to the treasury.
Eadem mens uniuscujusque præsumitur quæ est juris, quæque esse debeat, præsertim in dubiis.
The intention of every one is presumed to be the same as that of the law, and as it ought to be, especially in dubious cases.
Ecclesia ecclesiæ decimas solvere non debet.
The church cannot pay tithes to the church.
Ecclesia semper in regis est tutela.
The church is always under the protection of the king.
Effectus sequitur causam.
The effect follows the cause.
Ejus est non nolle, qui potest velle.
It does not belong to him to refuse who can be willing.
Emptio et venditio contrahitur, simulatque de pretio convenerit.
Buying and selling is contracted as soon as the price is agreed upon.
Eodem modo quo quid constituitur, eodem modo dissolvitur,—destruitur.
In the same way in which any thing is constituted, in the same way it is dissolved—destroyed.
Ephemeris annua pars legis Anglicanæ.
An annual diary is a part of the English law.
Equitas naturam rei non mutat.
Equity does not change the nature of a thing.
Error placitandi æquitatem non tollit.
The error in writing does not take away equity.
Error, qui non resistitur, approbatur.
The error which is not resisted, is approved.
Est boni judicis ampliare jurisdictionem.
It is the duty of a good judge to extend his jurisdiction.
Et est pactio duorum pluriumve in idem placitum consensus.
The agreement of two or more in the same will, constitutes an agreement.
Excambium non potest esse rerum diversæ qualitatis; neque excambium inter tres partes datur.
Excambion, or exchange, cannot be of things of a different quality; nor is it granted among three parties.
Exceptio probat regulam, de rebus non exceptis.
An exception makes good the rule about the things that are not excepted.
Exceptio quæ firmat legem, exponit legem.
An exception which strengthens the law, expounds the law.
Excessus in re qualibet jure reprobatur communi.
Excess in any thing is reprobated by common law.
Ex diuturnitate temporis omnia præsumuntur solemniter acta.
From the length of time, all things are presumed to be done by usage.
Ex facto jus oritur.
Right or law arises from deed—fact.s
Ex frequenti delicto augetur pœna.
Punishment is increased from the frequency of a transgression.
Ex judiciorum publicorum admissis, non alias transeunt adversus hæredes pœnæ bonorum ademptionis, quam si lis contestata et condemnatio fuerit secuta; excepto majestatis judicio.
On account of admissions made at public trials, the punishment of confiscation of goods does not otherwise pass against heirs, than if a contested suit and condemnation followed; excepting in the case of high treason.
Ex maleficio non oritur contractus.
Contract does not arise from injury.
Ex malis moribus bonæ leges oriuntur.
Good laws take their origin from bad practices.
Ex nuda submissione non oritur actio.
An action does not arise from a bare submission.
Ex nudo pacto non oritur actio.
An action does not arise from a bare agreement.
Executio est executio legis secundum judicium.
Execution is the performance of the law according to judgment.
Expressa nocent, non expressa non nocent.
Things expressed hurt; those not expressed do not hurt.
Expressio unius est exclusio alterius.
The expression of one is the exclusion of another.
Expressio illorum quæ tacite insunt nihil operatur.
The expression of those things which are tacitly implied, is unnecessary.
Ex qua persona quis lucrum capit, ejus factum præstare debet.
From whatever calling any one derives profit, he ought to discharge the duty of that calling.
Expressum facit cessare tacitum.
What is expressed makes what is silent to cease.
Exterus non habet terras, habet res suas, et vitam, et libertatem.
A foreigner has no lands, he has his own effects, his life and liberty.
Extinguitur obligatio quæ rite constiterit, si in eum casum inciderit, a quo incipere non potuit.
An obligation which has been sealed in due form, is extinguished if it fall into that situation from which it cannot arise.
Extra territorium jus dicenti impune non paretur. Idem est, et si supra jurisdictionem suam velit jus dicere.
One cannot with impunity obey one executing justice, beyond his province; the same happens if one presumes to administer justice beyond his own jurisdiction.
Extrema potius pati, quam turpia facere.
Rather suffer extremities, than do infamous things.
F.
Factum a judice quod ad officium ejus non pertinet, ratum non est.
An act of a judge which does not belong to his office, is not binding.
Facultas probationum non est angustanda.
The faculty of furnishing proofs, is not to be circumscribed.
Falsa orthographia, sive falsa grammatica, non vitiat concessionem.
Erroneous orthography, or grammatical errors, do not vitiate a grant.
Fama est constans virorum bonorum de re aliqua opinio.
Fame is the constant opinion of good men concerning any thing.
Fatetur facinus qui judicium fugit.
He confesses the crime who avoids the trial.
Favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur.
Accused persons are held more favourable than the accusers.
Feodum simplex ex feodo simplici pendere non potest.
A simple feu cannot depend on a simple feu.
Fere in omnibus pœnalibus judiciis, et ætati et imprudentiæ succurritur.
Almost in all penal trials allowance is made for youth and imprudence.
Fiat justitia, ruat cœlum.
Let justice be done, if the sky should fall.
Fictio cedit veritati.
Fiction yields to truth.
Fictio juris non est ubi veritas.
There is no supposition of right where the truth is evident.
Filiatio non potest probari.
Filiation cannot be proved.
Flumina et portus publica sunt.
Rivers and harbours are public.
Flumina pene omnia, et portus, publica sunt.
Almost all rivers and harbours are public.
Fœminæ ab omnibus officiis civilibus vel publicis remotæ sunt. Item impubes omnibus civilibus officiis debet abstinere.
Women are removed from all civil and public offices.—Likewise those under age ought to abstain from all civil offices.
Fœminis et infantibus per vicarium multis muneribus licet fungi.
It is lawful for women and children to discharge offices by proxy or substitute.
Fortior et posterior est dispositio legis quam hominis.
The disposal of the law is stronger and later than that of a man.
Fractionem diei non recipit lex.
The law does not admit of the fractional part of a day.
Fraus adstringit non dissolvit perjuriam.
Fraud binds—does not dissolve perjury.
Fraus æquitati præjudicat.
Fraud is prejudicial to equity.
Fraus est celare fraudem.
To conceal fraud is fraud.
Fraus est odiosa et non præsumenda.
Fraud is odious, and not to be presumed.
Fraus et dolus nemini debent patrocinari.
Fraud and craft ought to be a protection to none.
Fraus legibus invisissima.
Fraud is most odious to the laws.
Fraudis interpretatio semper in jure civili non ex eventu duntaxat, sed ex concilio quoque desideratur.
The interpretation of fraud in the civil law is not always desired from the event merely, but likewise from the intention.
Frustra expectatur cujus effectus nullus sequitur.
That is expected in vain of which no effect follows.
Frustra legis auxilium implorat qui leges ipsas subvertere conatur.
He implores the assistance of the law in vain, who endeavours to subvert the laws themselves.
Frustra probatur quod probatum non relevat.
That thing is proved in vain, which, when proved, is not relevant.
Fundi non debent inalienabiles esse.
Farms ought not to be unalienable.
Furiosi, vel ejus cui bonis interdictum sit, nulla voluntas est.
The will of a madman, or of him who is interdicted from the administration of his goods, is nothing.
Furiosus solo furore punitur.
A madman is punished only by his own madness.
G.
Generale dictum, generaliter est intelligendum.
A thing said in a general sense, is to be understood in a general sense.
Generale dictum generaliter est interpretandum. Generalia verba sunt generaliter intelligenda.
A general saying is to be interpreted in general.—General words are to be so interpreted.
Generalia præcedunt, specialia sequuntur.
General things precede, special things follow.
Generalia specialibus non derogant.
General things are not derogatory to special.
Generalia sunt præponenda singularibus.
General things are to be preferred to single things.
Generalibus specialia derogant.
Special things are derogatory to general.
Generalis gratia proditionem et homicidium non excipit pœna.
General favour does not exempt treason and homicide from punishment.
Generaliter, cum de fraude disputatur, non quid habeat actor, sed quid per adversarium habere non potuerit, considerandum est.
When there is a dispute concerning fraud, we are to consider in general, not what the actor may have, but what he could not have had by his opponent.
Generaliter probandum est, ubicunque in bonæ fidei judiciis confertur, in arbitrium domini aut procuratoris ejus, conditio, pro boni viri arbitrio hoc habendum est.
We ought to prove in general, that in whatever case a condition is imposed upon the will of a master or his agent, in _bona fide_ trials, this is to be considered according to the judgment of a good man.
Grammatica falsa non vitiat chartam.
False grammar does not vitiate a writing.
Gravius est alternam quam temporalem lædere majestatem.
It is more grievous to hurt an alternate, than a temporary authority.
H.
Habendum in charta vel auget vel restringit, sed non novum inducit.
What is to be regarded in writing, either increases or restricts; but it does not induce any thing new.
Hæredi favetur.
Favour is shewn to an heir.
Hæreditas, alia corporalis, alia incorporalis: Corporalis est, quæ tangi potest et videri: Incorporalis, quæ tangi non potest nec videri.
Inheritance, one kind is substantial, and another unsubstantial—the substantial is what can be touched and seen—the unsubstantial, what cannot be touched nor seen.
Hæreditas est successio in universum jus quod defunctus habuerit.
Inheritance is the succession to the universal right which the deceased had.
Hæreditas ex dimidio sanguine non datur.
Inheritance is not granted from half-blood.
Hæreditas nihil aliud est, quam successio in universum jus quod defunctus habuerit.
Inheritance is nothing else than the succession to the whole right which the deceased may have had.
Hæreditates recta linea debent descendere, sed non ascendunt.
Inheritances ought to descend in a direct line; but do not ascend.
Hæres est aut jure proprietatis, aut jure representationis.
One is an heir either by right of property, or by right of representation.
Hæres est eadem persona cum antecessore,—pars antecessoris.
An heir is the same person with his predecessor—a part of that predecessor.
Hæres legitimus est quem nuptiæ demonstrant.
He is the lawful heir whom the marriage demonstrates to be so.
Hæres est nomen juris; filius est nomen naturæ.
An heir is the name of right—son is the name of nature.
Hæres non tenetur in Anglia ad debita antecessoris reddenda, nisi per antecessorem ad hoc fuerit obligatus, præterquam debita regis tantum.
The heir is not bound in England to pay the debts of his predecessor, unless he hath been obliged to this by his predecessor, except only what is due to the king.
Hæredem ejusdem potestatis jurisque esse, cujus fuit defunctis, constat.
It is certain that an heir hath the same power and privilege which belonged to the deceased.
Hæres hæredis mei est meus hæres.
The heir of my heir is my heir.
Humanum est errare.
Man is liable to error; or, to err is inherent to human nature.