Part 28

Overview: The economy is essentially agricultural and centers on the traditional production of spices and tropical plants. Agriculture accounts for about 16% of GDP and 80% of exports and employs 24% of the labor force. Tourism is the leading foreign exchange earner, followed by agricultural exports. Manufacturing remains relatively undeveloped, but is expected to grow, given a more favorable private investment climate since 1983. Despite an impressive average annual growth rate for the economy of 5.5% during the period 1986-91, unemployment remains high at about 25%. GDP: purchasing power equivalent - $238 million, per capita $2,800 (1989); real growth rate 5.2% (1990 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 7.0% (1990) Unemployment rate: 25% (1990 est.) Budget: revenues $54.9 million; expenditures $77.6 million, including capital expenditures of $16.6 million (1990 est.) Exports: $26.0 million (f.o.b., 1990 est.) commodities: nutmeg 36%, cocoa beans 9%, bananas 14%, mace 8%, textiles 5% partners: US 12%, UK, FRG, Netherlands, Trinidad and Tobago (1989) Imports: $105.0 million (f.o.b., 1989 est.) commodities: food 25%, manufactured goods 22%, machinery 20%, chemicals 10%, fuel 6% (1989) partners: US 29%, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (1989) External debt: $90 million (1990 est.) Industrial production: growth rate 5.8% (1989 est.); accounts for 6% of GDP Electricity: 12,500 kW capacity; 26 million kWh produced, 310 kWh per capita (1991) Industries: food and beverage, textile, light assembly operations, tourism, construction Agriculture: accounts for 16% of GDP and 80% of exports; bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, and mace account for two-thirds of total crop production; world's second-largest producer and fourth-largest exporter of nutmeg and mace; small-size farms predominate, growing a variety of citrus fruits, avocados, root crops, sugarcane, corn, and vegetables Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY84-89), $60 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $70 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $32 million Currency: East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents Exchange rates: East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976) Fiscal year: calendar year

:Grenada Communications

Highways: 1,000 km total; 600 km paved, 300 km otherwise improved; 100 km unimproved Ports: Saint George's Civil air: no major transport aircraft Airports: 3 total, 3 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over 3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 1 with runways 1,220-2,439 m Telecommunications: automatic, islandwide telephone system with 5,650 telephones; new SHF radio links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad and Carriacou; broadcast stations - 1 AM, no FM, 1 TV

:Grenada Defense Forces

Branches: Royal Grenada Police Force, Coast Guard Manpower availability: NA Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP

:Guadeloupe Geography

Total area: 1,780 km2 Land area: 1,760 km2 Comparative area: 10 times the size of Washington, DC Land boundaries: none Coastline: 306 km Maritime claims: Continental shelf: 200 m (depth) or to depth of exploitation Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 12 nm Disputes: none Climate: subtropical tempered by trade winds; relatively high humidity Terrain: Basse-Terre is volcanic in origin with interior mountains; Grand-Terre is low limestone formation Natural resources: cultivable land, beaches, and climate that foster tourism Land use: arable land 18%; permanent crops 5%; meadows and pastures 13%; forest and woodland 40%; other 24%; includes irrigated 1% Environment: subject to hurricanes (June to October); La Soufriere is an active volcano Note: located 500 km southeast of Puerto Rico in the Caribbean Sea

:Guadeloupe People

Population: 409,132 (July 1992), growth rate 2.1% (1992) Birth rate: 19 births/1,000 population (1992) Death rate: 6 deaths/1,000 population (1992) Net migration rate: 8 migrants/1,000 population (1992) Infant mortality rate: 10 deaths/1,000 live births (1992) Life expectancy at birth: 74 years male, 80 years female (1992) Total fertility rate: 2.0 children born/woman (1992) Nationality: noun - Guadeloupian(s); adjective - Guadeloupe Ethnic divisions: black or mulatto 90%; white 5%; East Indian, Lebanese, Chinese less than 5% Religions: Roman Catholic 95%, Hindu and pagan African 5% Languages: French, creole patois Literacy: 90% (male 90%, female 91%) age 15 and over can read and write (1982) Labor force: 120,000; 53.0% services, government, and commerce, 25.8% industry, 21.2% agriculture Organized labor: 11% of labor force

:Guadeloupe Government

Long-form name: Department of Guadeloupe Type: overseas department of France Capital: Basse-Terre Administrative divisions: none (overseas department of France) Independence: none (overseas department of France) Constitution: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) Legal system: French legal system National holiday: Taking of the Bastille, 14 July (1789) Executive branch: government commissioner Legislative branch: unicameral General Council and unicameral Regional Council Judicial branch: Court of Appeal (Cour d'Appel) with jurisdiction over Guadeloupe, French Guiana, and Martinique Leaders: Chief of State: President Francois MITTERRAND (since 21 May 1981) Head of Government: Commissioner of the Republic Jean-Paul PROUST (since November 1989) Political parties and leaders: Rally for the Republic (RPR), Marlene CAPTANT; Communist Party of Guadeloupe (PCG), Christian Medard CELESTE; Socialist Party (PSG), Dominique LARIFLA; Popular Union for the Liberation of Guadeloupe (UPLG); Independent Republicans; Union for French Democracy (UDF); Union for a New Majority (UNM) Suffrage: universal at age 18 Elections: French National Assembly: last held on 5 and 12 June 1988 (next to be held June 1994); Guadeloupe elects four representatives; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (4 total) PS 2 seats, RPR 1 seat, PCG 1 seat French Senate: last held on 5 and 12 June 1988 (next to be held June 1994); Guadeloupe elects two representatives; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (2 total) PCG 1, PS 1 General Council: last held NA 1986 (next to be held by NA 1992); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (42 total) number of seats by party NA Regional Council: last held on 16 March 1992 (next to be held by 16 March 1998); results - RPR 33.1%, PSG 28.7%, PCG 23.8%, UDF 10.7%, other 3.7%; seats - (41 total) RPR 15, PSG 12, PCG 10, UDF 4 Communists: 3,000 est. Other political or pressure groups: Popular Union for the Liberation of Guadeloupe (UPLG); Popular Movement for Independent Guadeloupe (MPGI); General Union of Guadeloupe Workers (UGTG); General Federation of Guadeloupe Workers (CGT-G); Christian Movement for the Liberation of Guadeloupe (KLPG)

:Guadeloupe Government

Member of: FZ, WCL Diplomatic representation: as an overseas department of France, the interests of Guadeloupe are represented in the US by France Flag: the flag of France is used

:Guadeloupe Economy

Overview: The economy depends on agriculture, tourism, light industry, and services. It is also dependent upon France for large subsidies and imports. Tourism is a key industry, with most tourists from the US. In addition, an increasingly large number of cruise ships visit the islands. The traditionally important sugarcane crop is slowly being replaced by other crops, such as bananas (which now supply about 50% of export earnings), eggplant, and flowers. Other vegetables and root crops are cultivated for local consumption, although Guadeloupe is still dependent on imported food, which comes mainly from France. Light industry consists mostly of sugar and rum production. Most manufactured goods and fuel are imported. Unemployment is especially high among the young. GDP: exchange rate conversion - $1.1 billion, per capita $3,300; real growth rate NA% (1987) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.3% (1988) Unemployment rate: 38% (1987) Budget: revenues $254 million; expenditures $254 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1989) Exports: $153 million (f.o.b., 1988) commodities: bananas, sugar, rum partners: France 68%, Martinique 22% (1987) Imports: $1.2 billion (c.i.f., 1988) commodities: vehicles, foodstuffs, clothing and other consumer goods, construction materials, petroleum products partners: France 64%, Italy, FRG, US (1987) External debt: $NA Industrial production: growth rate NA% Electricity: 171,500 kW capacity; 441 million kWh produced, 1,279 kWh per capita (1991) Industries: construction, cement, rum, sugar, tourism Agriculture: cash crops - bananas and sugarcane; other products include tropical fruits and vegetables; livestock - cattle, pigs, and goats; not self-sufficient in food Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $4 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $8.235 billion Currency: French franc (plural - francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes Exchange rates: French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.6397 (March 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987) Fiscal year: calendar year

:Guadeloupe Communications

Railroads: privately owned, narrow-gauge plantation lines Highways: 1,940 km total; 1,600 km paved, 340 km gravel and earth Ports: Pointe-a-Pitre, Basse-Terre Civil air: 2 major transport aircraft Airports: 9 total, 9 usable, 8 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over 3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 1 with runways 1,220-2,439 m Telecommunications: domestic facilities inadequate; 57,300 telephones; interisland radio relay to Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, and Martinique; broadcast stations - 2 AM, 8 FM (30 private stations licensed to broadcast FM), 9 TV; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT ground station

:Guadeloupe Defense Forces

Branches: French Forces, Gendarmerie Manpower availability: males 15-49, 98,069; NA fit for military service Note: defense is responsibility of France

:Guam Geography

Total area: 541.3 km2 Land area: 541.3 km2 Comparative area: slightly more than three times the size of Washington, DC Land boundaries: none Coastline: 125.5 km Maritime claims: Contiguous zone: 12 nm Continental shelf: 200 m (depth) Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 12 nm Disputes: none Climate: tropical marine; generally warm and humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season from January to June, rainy season from July to December; little seasonal temperature variation Terrain: volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coraline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water) with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low-rising hills in center, mountains in south Natural resources: fishing (largely undeveloped), tourism (especially from Japan) Land use: arable land 11%; permanent crops 11%; meadows and pastures 15%; forest and woodland 18%; other 45% Environment: frequent squalls during rainy season; subject to relatively rare, but potentially very destructive typhoons (especially in August) Note: largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago; strategic location in western North Pacific Ocean 5,955 km west-southwest of Honolulu about three-quarters of the way between Hawaii and the Philippines

:Guam People

Population: 142,271 (July 1992), growth rate 2.6% (1992) Birth rate: 27 births/1,000 population (1992) Death rate: 4 deaths/1,000 population (1992) Net migration rate: 3 migrants/1,000 population (1992) Infant mortality rate: 15 deaths/1,000 live births (1992) Life expectancy at birth: 72 years male, 76 years female (1992) Total fertility rate: 2.5 children born/woman (1992) Nationality: noun - Guamanian(s); adjective - Guamanian; note - Guamanians are US citizens Ethnic divisions: Chamorro 47%, Filipino 25%, Caucasian 10%, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and other 18% Religions: Roman Catholic 98%, other 2% Languages: English and Chamorro, most residents bilingual; Japanese also widely spoken Literacy: 96% (male 96%, female 96%) age 15 and over can read and write (1980) Labor force: 46,930; federal and territorial government 40%, private 60% (trade 18%, services 15.6%, construction 13.8%, other 12.6%) (1990) Organized labor: 13% of labor force

:Guam Government

Long-form name: Territory of Guam Type: organized, unincorporated territory of the US; policy relations between Guam and the US are under the jurisdiction of the Office of Territorial and International Affairs, US Department of the Interior Capital: Agana Administrative divisions: none (territory of the US) Independence: none (territory of the US) Constitution: Organic Act of 1 August 1950 Legal system: NA National holiday: Guam Discovery Day (first Monday in March), Liberation Day (July 21), US Government holidays Executive branch: President of the US, governor, lieutenant governor, Cabinet Legislative branch: unicameral Legislature Judicial branch: Federal District Court of Guam, Territorial Superior Court of Guam Leaders: Chief of State: President George BUSH (since 20 January 1989) Head of Government: Governor Joseph A. ADA (since November 1986); Lieutenant Governor Frank F. BLAS Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party (controls the legislature); Republican Party (party of the Governor) Suffrage: universal at age 18; US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections Elections: Governor: last held on 6 November 1990 (next to be held November 1994); results - Joseph F. ADA reelected Legislature: last held on 6 November 1990 (next to be held November 1992); a byelection was held in April 1991 to replace a deceased legislator, results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (21 total) Democratic 11, Republican 10 US House of Representatives: last held 6 November 1990 (next to be held 3 November 1992); Guam elects one nonvoting delegate; results - Ben BLAZ was elected as the nonacting delegate; seats - (1 total) Republican 1 Member of: ESCAP (associate), IOC, SPC Diplomatic representation: none (territory of the US) Flag: territorial flag is dark blue with a narrow red border on all four sides; centered is a red-bordered, pointed, vertical ellipse containing a beach scene, outrigger canoe with sail, and a palm tree with the word GUAM superimposed in bold red letters; US flag is the national flag

:Guam Economy

Overview: The economy is based on US military spending and on revenues from tourism. Over the past 20 years the tourist industry has grown rapidly, creating a construction boom for new hotels and the expansion of older ones. Visitors numbered about 900,000 in 1990. The small manufacturing sector includes textiles and clothing, beverage, food, and watch production. About 60% of the labor force works for the private sector and the rest for government. Most food and industrial goods are imported, with about 75% from the US. In 1991 the unemployment rate was about 4.1%. GNP: purchasing power equivalent - $2.0 billion, per capita $14,000; real growth rate NA% (1991 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 12.6% (1991) Unemployment rate: 4.1% (1991 est.) Budget: revenues $525 million; expenditures $395 million, including capital expenditures of $NA. Exports: $34 million (f.o.b., 1984) commodities: mostly transshipments of refined petroleum products, construction materials, fish, food and beverage products partners: US 25%, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands 63%, other 12% Imports: $493 million (c.i.f., 1984) commodities: petroleum and petroleum products, food, manufactured goods partners: US 23%, Japan 19%, other 58% External debt: $NA Industrial production: growth rate NA% Electricity: 500,000 kW capacity; 2,300 million kWh produced, 16,300 kWh per capita (1990) Industries: US military, tourism, construction, transshipment services, concrete products, printing and publishing, food processing, textiles Agriculture: relatively undeveloped with most food imported; fruits, vegetables, eggs, pork, poultry, beef, copra Economic aid: although Guam receives no foreign aid, it does receive large transfer payments from the general revenues of the US Federal Treasury into which Guamanians pay no income or excise taxes; under the provisions of a special law of Congress, the Guamanian Treasury, rather than the US Treasury, receives federal income taxes paid by military and civilian Federal employees stationed in Guam Currency: US currency is used Exchange rates: US currency is used Fiscal year: 1 October - 30 September

:Guam Communications

Highways: 674 km all-weather roads Ports: Apra Harbor Airports: 5 total, 4 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over 3,659 m; 3 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; none with runways 1,220-2,439 m Telecommunications: 26,317 telephones (1989); broadcast stations - 3 AM, 3 FM, 3 TV; 2 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT ground stations

:Guam Defense Forces

Note: defense is the responsibility of the US

:Guatemala Geography

Total area: 108,890 km2 Land area: 108,430 km2 Comparative area: slightly smaller than Tennessee Land boundaries: 1,687 km; Belize 266 km, El Salvador 203 km, Honduras 256 km, Mexico 962 km Coastline: 400 km Maritime claims: Continental shelf: not specific Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 12 nm Disputes: claims Belize, but boundary negotiations to resolve the dispute have begun Climate: tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands Terrain: mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau (Peten) Natural resources: crude oil, nickel, rare woods, fish, chicle Land use: arable land 12%; permanent crops 4%; meadows and pastures 12%; forest and woodland 40%; other 32%; includes irrigated 1% Environment: numerous volcanoes in mountains, with frequent violent earthquakes; Caribbean coast subject to hurricanes and other tropical storms; deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution Note: no natural harbors on west coast

:Guatemala People

Population: 9,784,275 (July 1992), growth rate 2.4% (1992) Birth rate: 34 births/1,000 population (1992) Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000 population (1992) Net migration rate: -2 migrants/1,000 population (1992) Infant mortality rate: 56 deaths/1,000 live births (1992) Life expectancy at birth: 61 years male, 66 years female (1992) Total fertility rate: 4.6 children born/woman (1992) Nationality: noun - Guatemalan(s); adjective - Guatemalan Ethnic divisions: Ladino (mestizo - mixed Indian and European ancestry) 56%, Indian 44% Religions: predominantly Roman Catholic; also Protestant, traditional Mayan Languages: Spanish, but over 40% of the population speaks an Indian language as a primary tongue (18 Indian dialects, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi) Literacy: 55% (male 63%, female 47%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.) Labor force: 2,500,000; agriculture 60%, services 13%, manufacturing 12%, commerce 7%, construction 4%, transport 3%, utilities 0.8%, mining 0.4% (1985) Organized labor: 8% of labor force (1988 est.)

:Guatemala Government

Long-form name: Republic of Guatemala Type: republic Capital: Guatemala Administrative divisions: 22 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango, Chiquimula, El Progreso, Escuintla, Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Izabal, Jalapa, Jutiapa, Peten, Quetzaltenango, Quiche, Retalhuleu, Sacatepequez, San Marcos, Santa Rosa, Solola, Suchitepequez, Totonicapan, Zacapa Independence: 15 September 1821 (from Spain) Constitution: 31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986 Legal system: civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction National holiday: Independence Day, 15 September (1821) Executive branch: president, vice president, Council of Ministers (cabinet) Legislative branch: unicameral Congress of the Republic (Congreso de la Republica) Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justicia) Leaders: Chief of State and Head of Government: President Jorge SERRANO Elias (since 14 January 1991); Vice President Gustavo ESPINA Salguero (since 14 January 1991) Political parties and leaders: National Centrist Union (UCN), Jorge CARPIO Nicolle; Solidarity Action Movement (MAS), Jorge SERRANO Elias; Christian Democratic Party (DCG), Alfonso CABRERA Hidalgo; National Advancement Party (PAN), Alvaro ARZU Irigoyen; National Liberation Movement (MLN), Mario SANDOVAL Alarcon; Social Democratic Party (PSD), Mario SOLARZANO Martinez; Popular Alliance 5 (AP-5), Max ORLANDO Molina; Revolutionary Party (PR), Carlos CHAVARRIA; National Authentic Center (CAN), Hector MAYORA Dawe; Democratic Institutional Party (PID), Oscar RIVAS; Nationalist United Front (FUN), Gabriel GIRON; Guatemalan Republican Front (FRG), Efrain RIOS Montt Suffrage: universal at age 18 Elections: Congress: last held on 11 November 1990 (next to be held 11 November 1995); results - UCN 25.6%, MAS 24.3%, DCG 17. 5%, PAN 17.3%, MLN 4.8%, PSD/AP-5 3.6%, PR 2.1%; seats - (116 total) UCN 38, DCG 27, MAS 18, PAN 12, Pro - Rios Montt 10, MLN 4, PR 1, PSD/AP-5 1, independent 5 President: runoff held on 11 January 1991 (next to be held 11 November 1995); results - Jorge SERRANO Elias (MAS) 68.1%, Jorge CARPIO Nicolle (UCN) 31.9% Communists: Guatemalan Labor Party (PGT); main radical left guerrilla groups - Guerrilla Army of the Poor (EGP), Revolutionary Organization of the People in Arms (ORPA), Rebel Armed Forces (FAR), and PGT dissidents

:Guatemala Government

Other political or pressure groups: Federated Chambers of Commerce and Industry (CACIF), Mutual Support Group (GAM), Unity for Popular and Labor Action (UASP), Agrarian Owners Group (UNAGRO), Committee for Campesino Unity (CUC) Member of: BCIE, CACM, CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-24, G-77, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ITU, LAES, LAIA, LORCS, OAS, OPANAL, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Juan Jose CASO-FANJUL; Chancery at 2220 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008; telephone (202) 745-4952 through 4954; there are Guatemalan Consulates General in Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, and San Francisco US: Ambassador Thomas F. STROOCK; Embassy at 7-01 Avenida de la Reforma, Zone 10, Guatemala City (mailing address is APO AA 34024); telephone [502] (2) 31-15-41 Flag: three equal vertical bands of light blue (hoist side), white, and light blue with the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms includes a green and red quetzal (the national bird) and a scroll bearing the inscription LIBERTAD 15 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1821 (the original date of independence from Spain) all superimposed on a pair of crossed rifles and a pair of crossed swords and framed by a wreath

:Guatemala Economy

Overview: The economy is based on family and corporate agriculture, which accounts for 26% of GDP, employs about 60% of the labor force, and supplies two-thirds of exports. Manufacturing, predominantly in private hands, accounts for about 18% of GDP and 12% of the labor force. In both 1990 and 1991, the economy grew by 3%, the fourth and fifth consecutive years of mild growth. Inflation at 40% in 1990-91 was more than double the 1987-89 level. GDP: exchange rate conversion - $11.7 billion, per capita $1,260; real growth rate 3% (1991 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 40% (1991 est.) Unemployment rate: 6.7%, with 30-40% underemployment (1989 est.) Budget: revenues $1.05 billion; expenditures $1.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $270 million (1989 est.) Exports: $1.16 billion (f.o.b., 1990) commodities: coffee 26%, sugar 13%, bananas 7%, beef 2% partners: US 39%, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Germany, Honduras Imports: $1.66 billion (c.i.f., 1990) commodities: fuel and petroleum products, machinery, grain, fertilizers, motor vehicles partners: US 40%, Mexico, Venezuela, Japan, Germany External debt: $2.6 billion (December 1990 est.) Industrial production: growth rate NA; accounts for 18% of GDP Electricity: 802,600 kW capacity; 2,461 million kWh produced, 266 kWh per capita (1991) Industries: sugar, textiles and clothing, furniture, chemicals, petroleum, metals, rubber, tourism Agriculture: accounts for 26% of GDP; most important sector of economy and contributes two-thirds of export earnings; principal crops - sugarcane, corn, bananas, coffee, beans, cardamom; livestock - cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens; food importer Illicit drugs: illicit producer of opium poppy and cannabis for the international drug trade; the government has an active eradication program for cannabis and opium poppy; transit country for cocaine shipments Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $1.1 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $7.92 billion Currency: quetzal (plural - quetzales); 1 quetzal (Q) = 100 centavos Exchange rates: free market quetzales (Q) per US$1 - 5.0854 (January 1992), 5.0289 (1991), 2.8161 (1989), 2.6196 (1988), 2.500 (1987); note - black-market rate 2.800 (May 1989) Fiscal year: calendar year

:Guatemala Communications

Railroads: 884 km 0.914-meter gauge, single track; 782 km government owned, 102 km privately owned Highways: 26,429 km total; 2,868 km paved, 11,421 km gravel, and 12,140 unimproved Inland waterways: 260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km navigable during high-water season Pipelines: crude oil 275 km Ports: Puerto Barrios, Puerto Quetzal, Santo Tomas de Castilla Merchant marine: 1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,129 GRT/6,450 DWT Civil air: 8 major transport aircraft Airports: 448 total, 400 usable; 11 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over 3,659 m; 3 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 19 with runways 1,220-2,439 m Telecommunications: fairly modern network centered in Guatemala [city]; 97,670 telephones; broadcast stations - 91 AM, no FM, 25 TV, 15 shortwave; connection into Central American Microwave System; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station

:Guatemala Defense Forces

Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force Manpower availability: males 15-49, 2,169,073; 1,420,116 fit for military service; 107,239 reach military age (18) annually Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $113 million, 1% of GDP (1990)

:Guernsey Geography

Total area: 194 km2 Land area: 194 km2; includes Alderney, Guernsey, Herm, Sark, and some other smaller islands Comparative area: slightly larger than Washington, DC Land boundaries: none Coastline: 50 km Maritime claims: Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 3 nm Disputes: none Climate: temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of days are overcast Terrain: mostly level with low hills in southwest Natural resources: cropland Land use: arable land NA%; permanent crops NA%; meadows and pastures NA%; forest and woodland NA%; other NA%; cultivated about 50% Environment: large, deepwater harbor at Saint Peter Port Note: 52 km west of France

:Guernsey People