Part 37

Overview: Jordan benefited from increased Arab aid during the oil boom of the late 1970s and early 1980s, when its annual GNP growth averaged more than 10%. In the remainder of the 1980s, however, reductions in both Arab aid and worker remittances slowed economic growth to an average of roughly 2% per year. Imports - mainly oil, capital goods, consumer durables, and food - have been outstripping exports, with the difference covered by aid, remittances, and borrowing. In mid-1989, the Jordanian Government began debt-rescheduling negotiations and agreed to implement an IMF program designed to gradually reduce the budget deficit and implement badly needed structural reforms. The Persian Gulf crisis that began in August 1990, however, aggravated Jordan's already serious economic problems, forcing the government to shelve the IMF program, stop most debt payments, and suspend rescheduling negotiations. Aid from Gulf Arab states and worker remittances have plunged, and refugees have flooded the country, straining government resources. Economic recovery is unlikely without substantial foreign aid, debt relief, and economic reform. GDP: exchange rate conversion - $3.6 billion, per capita $1,100; real growth rate 3% (1991 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 9% (1991 est.) Unemployment rate: 40% (1991 est.) Budget: revenues $1.7 billion; expenditures $1.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992) Exports: $1.0 billion (f.o.b., 1991 est.) commodities: phosphates, fertilizers, potash, agricultural products, manufactures partners: India, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Ethiopia, UAE, China Imports: $2.3 billion (c.i.f., 1991 est.) commodities: crude oil, machinery, transport equipment, food, live animals, manufactured goods partners: EC, US, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Japan, Turkey External debt: $9 billion (December 1991 est.) Industrial production: growth rate 1% (1991 est.); accounts for 20% of GDP Electricity: 1,025,000 kW capacity; 3,900 million kWh produced, 1,150 kWh per capita (1991) Industries: phosphate mining, petroleum refining, cement, potash, light manufacturing Agriculture: accounts for about 7% of GDP; principal products are wheat, barley, citrus fruit, tomatoes, melons, olives; livestock - sheep, goats, poultry; large net importer of food Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.7 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.5 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $9.5 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $44 million Currency: Jordanian dinar (plural - dinars); 1 Jordanian dinar (JD) = 1,000 fils

:Jordan Economy

Exchange rates: Jordanian dinars (JD) per US$1 - 0.6861 (March 1992), 0.6807 1991), 0.6636 (1990), 0.5704 (1989), 0.3709 (1988), 0.3387 (1987) Fiscal year: calendar year

:Jordan Communications

Railroads: 619 km 1.050-meter gauge, single track Highways: 7,500 km; 5,500 km asphalt, 2,000 km gravel and crushed stone Pipelines: crude oil 209 km Ports: Al `Aqabah Merchant marine: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 60,378 GRT/113,557 DWT; includes 1 cargo and 1 petroleum tanker Civil air: 23 major transport aircraft Airports: 19 total, 15 usable; 14 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over 3,659 m; 13 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; none with runways 1,220-2,439 m Telecommunications: adequate telephone system of microwave, cable, and radio links; 81,500 telephones; broadcast stations - 5 AM, 7 FM, 8 TV; satellite earth stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT, 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, 1 ARABSAT, 1 domestic TV receive-only; coaxial cable and microwave to Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Syria; microwave link to Lebanon is inactive; participates in a microwave network linking Syria, Jordan, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco

:Jordan Defense Forces

Branches: Jordan Arab Army, Royal Jordanian Air Force, Royal Jordanian Navy, Public Security Force Manpower availability: males 15-49, 808,725; 576,934 fit for military service; 39,310 reach military age (18) annually Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $404 million, 9.5% of GDP (1990)

:Juan de Nova Island Geography

Total area: 4.4 km2 Land area: 4.4 km2 Comparative area: about 7.5 times the size of the Mall in Washington, DC Land boundaries: none Coastline: 24.1 km Maritime claims: Contiguous zone: 12 nm Continental shelf: 200 m (depth) or to depth of exploitation Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 12 nm Disputes: claimed by Madagascar Climate: tropical Terrain: undetermined Natural resources: guano deposits and other fertilizers Land use: arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and woodland 90%; other 10% Environment: subject to periodic cyclones; wildlife sanctuary Note: located in the central Mozambique Channel about halfway between Africa and Madagascar

:Juan de Nova Island People

Population: uninhabited

:Juan de Nova Island Government

Long-form name: none Type: French possession administered by Commissioner of the Republic Jacques DEWATRE, resident in Reunion Capital: none; administered by France from Reunion

:Juan de Nova Island Economy

Overview: no economic activity

:Juan de Nova Island Communications

Railroads: short line going to a jetty Ports: none; offshore anchorage only Airports: 1 with non-permanent-surface runways 1,220-2,439 m

:Juan de Nova Island Defense Forces

Note: defense is the responsibility of France

:Kazakhstan Geography

Total area: 2,717,300 km2 Land area: 2,669,800 km2 Comparative area: slightly less than four times the size of Texas Land boundaries: 12,012 km; China 1,533 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,051 km, Russia 6,846 km, Turkmenistan 379 km, Uzbekistan 2,203 km Coastline: 0 km note: Kazakhstan does border the Aral Sea (1,015 km) and the Caspian Sea (1,894 km) Maritime claims: none - landlocked Disputes: none Climate: dry continental, about half is desert Terrain: extends from the Volga to the Altai mountains and from the plains in western Siberia to oasis and desert in Central Asia Natural resources: petroleum, coal, iron, manganese, chrome, nickel, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, uranium, iron Land use: NA% arable land; NA% permanent crops; NA% meadows and pastures; NA% forest and woodland; NA% other; includes NA% irrigated Environment: drying up of Aral Sea is causing increased concentrations of chemical pesticides and natural salts; industrial pollution

:Kazakhstan People

Population: 17,103,927 (July 1992), growth rate 1.0% (1992) Birth rate: 23 births/1,000 population (1992) Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000 population (1992) Net migration rate: -6.1 migrants/1,000 population (1991) Infant mortality rate: 25.9 deaths/1,000 live births (1992) Life expectancy at birth: 63 years male, 72 years female (1992) Total fertility rate: 2.9 children born/woman (1992) Nationality: noun - Kazakh(s); adjective - Kazakhstani Ethnic divisions: Kazakh (Qazaq) 40%, Russian 38%, other Slavs 7%, Germans 6%, other 9% Religions: Muslim 47% Russian Orthodox NA%, Lutheran NA% Languages: Kazakh (Qazaq; official language), Russian Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%) age 15 and over can read and write Labor force: 8,267,000 (1989) Organized labor: official trade unions, independent coal miners' union

:Kazakhstan Government

Long-form name: Republic of Kazakhstan Type: republic Capital: Alma-Ata (Almaty) Administrative divisions: 19 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast'); Aktyubinsk, Alma-Ata, Atyrau, Chimkent, Dzhambul, Dzhezkazgan, Karaganda, Kokchetav, Kustanay, Kzyl-Orda, Mangistauz (Aqtau), Pavlodar, Semipalatinsk, Severo-Kazakhstan (Petropavlovsk), Taldy-Kurgan, Tselinograd, Turgay (Arkalyk), Ural'sk, Vostochno-Kazakhstan (Ust'-Kamenogorsk); note - an oblast has the same name as its administrative center (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) Independence: 16 December 1991; from the Soviet Union (formerly the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic) Constitution: new postindependence constitution under preparation Legal system: NA National holiday: NA Executive branch: president with presidential appointed cabinet of ministers Legislative branch: Supreme Soviet Judicial branch: NA Leaders: Chief of State: President Nursultan A. NAZARBAYEV (since April 1990), Vice President Yerik ASANBAYEV (since 1 December 1991) Head of Government: Prime Minister Sergey TERESHCHENKO (since 14 October 1991), Deputy Prime Minister Davlat SEMBAYEV (since November 1990) Political parties and leaders: Peoples Forum Party, Olzhas SULEIMENOV and Mukhtar SHAKHANOV, co-chairmen; Socialist Party (former Communist Party), Anuar ALIJANOV, chairman; ZHOLTOKSAN, Hasan KOJAKHETOV, chairmen; AZAT Party, Sabitkazi AKETAEV, chairman Suffrage: universal at age 18 Elections: President: last held 1 December 1991 (next to be held NA); percent of vote by party NA; seats - (NA total) percent of seats by party NA Communists: party disbanded 6 September 1992 Member of: CIS, CSCE, IMF, NACC, OIC, UN, UNCTAD Diplomatic representation: Ambassador NA; Chancery at NA NW, Washington, DC 200__; telephone NA; there are NA Consulates General US: Ambassador-designate William Courtney; Embassy at Hotel Kazakhstan, Alma-Ata, (mailing address is APO AE 09862); telephone 8-011-7-3272-61-90-56 Flag: no national flag yet adopted

:Kazakhstan Economy

Overview: The second-largest in area of the 15 former Soviet republics, Kazakhstan has vast oil, coal, and agricultural resources. Kazakhstan is highly dependent on trade with Russia, exchanging its natural resources for finished consumer and industrial goods. Kazakhstan now finds itself with serious pollution problems, backward technology, and little experience in foreign markets. The government in 1991 pushed privatization of the economy at a faster pace than Russia's program. The ongoing transitional period - marked by sharp inflation in wages and prices, lower output, lost jobs, and disruption of time-honored channels of supply - has brought considerable social unrest. Kazakhstan lacks the funds, technology, and managerial skills for a quick recovery of output. US firms have been enlisted to increase oil output but face formidable obstacles; for example, oil can now reach Western markets only through pipelines that run across independent (and sometimes unfriendly) former Soviet republics. Finally, the end of monolithic Communist control has brought ethnic grievances into the open. The 6 million Russians in the republic, formerly the favored class, now face the hostility of a society dominated by Muslims. Ethnic rivalry will be just one of the formidable obstacles to the creation of a productive, technologically advancing society. GDP: purchasing power equivalent - $NA; per capita NA; real growth rate - 7% (1991 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 83% (1991) Unemployment rate: NA% Budget: revenues $NA million; expenditures $NA million, including capital expenditures of $1.76 billion (1991) Exports: $4.2 billion (f.o.b., 1991) commodities: oil, ferrous and nonferrous metals, chemicals, grain, wool, meat (1991) partners: Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan Imports: $NA million (c.i.f., 1990) commodities: machinery and parts, industrial materials partners: Russia and other former Soviet republics External debt: $2.6 billion (1991 est.) Industrial production: growth rate 0.7% (1991) Electricity: 17,900,000 kW capacity; 79,100 million kWh produced, 4,735 kWh per capita (1991) Industries: extractive industries (oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, chromite, lead, zinc, copper, titanium, bauxite, gold, silver, phosphates, sulfur) iron and steel, nonferrous metal, tractors and other agricultural machinery, electric motors, construction materials Agriculture: employs 30% of the labor force; grain, mostly spring wheat; meat, cotton, wool

:Kazakhstan Economy

Illicit drugs: illicit producers of cannabis and opium; mostly for domestic consumption; status of government eradication programs unknown; used as transshipment points for illicit drugs to Western Europe Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $NA billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-86), $NA million; Communist countries (1971-86), $NA million Currency: as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency Exchange rates: NA Fiscal year: calendar year

:Kazakhstan Communications

Railroads: 14,460 km (all 1.520-meter gauge); does not include industrial lines (1990) Highways: 189,000 km total (1990); 188,900 km hard surfaced (paved or gravel), 80,900 km earth Inland waterways: NA km perennially navigable Pipelines: crude oil NA km, refined products NA km, natural gas NA Ports: none - landlocked; inland - Guryev Civil air: NA major transport aircraft Airports: NA Telecommunications: telephone service is poor, with only about 6 telephones for each 100 persons; of the approximately 1 million telephones, Alma-Ata has 184,000; international traffic with other former USSR republics and China carried by landline and microwave, and with other countries by satellite and through the Moscow international gateway switch; satellite earth stations - INTELSAT and Orbita

:Kazakhstan Defense Forces

Branches: Republic Security Forces (internal and border troops), National Guard; CIS Forces (Ground, Air, Air Defense, and Strategic Rocket) Manpower availability: males 15-49, NA fit for military service; NA reach military age (18) annually Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP

:Kenya Geography

Total area: 582,650 km2 Land area: 569,250 km2 Comparative area: slightly more than twice the size of Nevada Land boundaries: 3,477 km; Ethiopia 861 km, Somalia 682 km, Sudan 232 km, Tanzania 769 km, Uganda 933 km Coastline: 536 km Maritime claims: Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 12 nm Disputes: administrative boundary with Sudan does not coincide with international boundary; possible claim by Somalia based on unification of ethnic Somalis Climate: varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior Terrain: low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west Natural resources: gold, limestone, soda ash, salt barytes, rubies, fluorspar, garnets, wildlife Land use: arable land 3%; permanent crops 1%; meadows and pastures 7%; forest and woodland 4%; other 85%; includes irrigated NEGL% Environment: unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; glaciers on Mt. Kenya Note: the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa

:Kenya People

Population: 26,164,473 (July 1992), growth rate 3.6% (1992) Birth rate: 44 births/1,000 population (1992) Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000 population (1992) Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1992) Infant mortality rate: 68 deaths/1,000 live births (1992) Life expectancy at birth: 60 years male, 64 years female (1992) Total fertility rate: 6.2 children born/woman (1992) Nationality: noun - Kenyan(s); adjective - Kenyan Ethnic divisions: Kikuyu 21%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 11%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 6%, Asian, European, and Arab 1% Religions: Protestant 38%, Roman Catholic 28%, indigenous beliefs 26%, Muslim 6% Languages: English and Swahili (official); numerous indigenous languages Literacy: 69% (male 80%, female 58%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.) Labor force: 9.2 million (includes unemployed); the total employed is 1.37 million (14.8% of the labor force); services 54.8%, industry 26.2%, agriculture 19.0% (1989) Organized labor: 390,000 (est.)

:Kenya Government

Long-form name: Republic of Kenya Type: republic Capital: Nairobi Administrative divisions: 7 provinces and 1 area*; Central, Coast, Eastern, Nairobi Area*, North Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley, Western Independence: 12 December 1963 (from UK; formerly British East Africa) Constitution: 12 December 1963, amended as a republic 1964; reissued with amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988, and 1991 Legal system: based on English common law, tribal law, and Islamic law; judicial review in High Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; constitutional amendment of 1982 making Kenya a de jure one-party state repealed in 1991 National holiday: Independence Day, 12 December (1963) Executive branch: president, vice president, Cabinet Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly (Bunge) Judicial branch: Court of Appeal, High Court Leaders: Chief of State and Head of Government: President Daniel Teroitich arap MOI (since 14 October 1978); Vice President George SAITOTI (since 10 May 1989) Political parties and leaders: ruling party is Kenya African National Union (KANU), Daniel T. arap MOI, president; opposition parties include Forum for the Restoration of Democracy (FORD), Oginga ODINJA; Democratic Party of Kenya (DP), KIBAKI; note - some dozen other opposition parties Suffrage: universal at age 18 Elections: President: last held on 21 March 1988 (next to be held before March 1993); results - President Daniel T. arap MOI was reelected National Assembly: last held on 21 March 1988 (next to be held before March 1993); will be first multiparty election since repeal of one-party state law Other political or pressure groups: labor unions; exile opposition - Mwakenya and other groups Member of: ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IGADD, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIIMOG, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Denis Daudi AFANDE; Chancery at 2249 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008; telephone (202) 387-6101; there are Kenyan Consulates General in Los Angeles and New York

:Kenya Government

US: Ambassador Smith HEMPSTONE, Jr.; Embassy at the corner of Moi Avenue and Haile Selassie Avenue, Nairobi (mailing address is P. O. Box 30137, Nairobi or APO AE 09831); telephone [254] (2) 334141; FAX [254] (2) 340838; there is a US Consulate in Mombasa Flag: three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green; the red band is edged in white; a large warrior's shield covering crossed spears is superimposed at the center

:Kenya Economy

Overview: Kenya's 3.6% annual population growth rate - one of the highest in the world - presents a serious problem for the country's economy. In the meantime, GDP growth in the near term has kept slightly ahead of population - annually averaging 4.9% in the 1986-90 period. Undependable weather conditions and a shortage of arable land hamper long-term growth in agriculture, the leading economic sector. In 1991, deficient rainfall, stagnant export volume, and sagging export prices held economic growth below the all-important population growth figure. GDP: exchange rate conversion - $9.7 billion, per capita $385 (1989 est.); real growth rate 2.3% (1991 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 14.3% (1991 est.) Unemployment rate: NA%, but there is a high level of unemployment and underemployment Budget: revenues $2.4 billion; expenditures $2.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $0.74 billion (FY90) Exports: $1.0 billion (f.o.b., 1991 est.) commodities: tea 25%, coffee 21%, petroleum products 7% (1989) partners: EC 44%, Africa 25%, Asia 5%, US 5%, Middle East 4% (1988) Imports: $1.9 billion (f.o.b., 1991 est.) commodities: machinery and transportation equipment 29%, petroleum and petroleum products 15%, iron and steel 7%, raw materials, food and consumer goods (1989) partners: EC 45%, Asia 11%, Middle East 12%, US 5% (1988) External debt: $6.0 billion (December 1991 est.) Industrial production: growth rate 5.4% (1989 est.); accounts for 17% of GDP Electricity: 730,000 kW capacity; 2,700 million kWh produced, 110 kWh per capita (1990) Industries: small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour), agricultural processing, oil refining, cement, tourism Agriculture: most important sector, accounting for 29% of GDP, about 19% of the work force, and over 50% of exports; cash crops - coffee, tea, sisal, pineapple; food products - corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruit, vegetables, dairy products; food output not keeping pace with population growth Illicit drugs: illicit producer of cannabis used mostly for domestic consumption; widespread cultivation of cannabis and qat on small plots; transit country for heroin and methaqualone en route from Southwest Asia to West Africa, Western Europe, and the US Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $839 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $7,490 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $74 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $83 million Currency: Kenyan shilling (plural - shillings); 1 Kenyan shilling (KSh) = 100 cents

:Kenya Economy

Exchange rates: Kenyan shillings (KSh) per US$1 - 28.466 (January 1992), 27.508 (1991), 22.915 (1990), 20.572 (1989), 17.747 (1988), 16.454 (1987) Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June

:Kenya Communications

Railroads: 2,040 km 1.000-meter gauge Highways: 64,590 km total; 7,000 km paved, 4,150 km gravel, remainder improved earth Inland waterways: part of Lake Victoria system is within boundaries of Kenya; principal inland port is at Kisumu Pipelines: petroleum products 483 km Ports: Mombasa, Lamu Merchant marine: 1 petroleum tanker ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,727 GRT/5,558 DWT Civil air: 19 major transport aircraft Airports: 249 total, 214 usable; 21 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over 3,659 m; 2 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 46 with runways 1,220-2,439 m Telecommunications: in top group of African systems; consists primarily of radio relay links; over 260,000 telephones; broadcast stations - 16 AM; 4 FM, 6 TV; satellite earth stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT

:Kenya Defense Forces

Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary General Service Unit of the Police Manpower availability: males 15-49, 5,688,543; 3,513,611 fit for military service; no conscription Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $100 million, 1% of GDP (1989 est.)

:Kingman Reef Geography

Total area: 1 km2 Land area: 1 km2 Comparative area: about 1.7 times the size of the Mall in Washington, DC Land boundaries: none Coastline: 3 km Maritime claims: Contiguous zone: 12 nm Continental shelf: 200 m (depth) Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 12 nm Disputes: none Climate: tropical, but moderated by prevailing winds Terrain: low and nearly level with a maximum elevation of about 1 meter Natural resources: none Land use: arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and woodland 0%; other 100% Environment: barren coral atoll with deep interior lagoon; wet or awash most of the time Note: located 1,600 km south-southwest of Honolulu in the North Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Hawaii and American Samoa; maximum elevation of about 1 meter makes this a navigational hazard; closed to the public

:Kingman Reef People

Population: uninhabited

:Kingman Reef Government

Long-form name: none Type: unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US Navy Capital: none; administered from Washington, DC

:Kingman Reef Economy

Overview: no economic activity

:Kingman Reef Communications

Ports: none; offshore anchorage only Airports: lagoon was used as a halfway station between Hawaii and American Samoa by Pan American Airways for flying boats in 1937 and 1938

:Kingman Reef Defense Forces

Note: defense is the responsibility of the US

:Kiribati Geography

Total area: 717 km2 Land area: 717 km2; includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands Comparative area: slightly more than four times the size of Washington, DC Land boundaries: none Coastline: 1,143 km Maritime claims: Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 12 nm Disputes: none Climate: tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds Terrain: mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs Natural resources: phosphate (production discontinued in 1979) Land use: arable land NEGL%; permanent crops 51%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and woodland 3%; other 46% Environment: typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; 20 of the 33 islands are inhabited Note: Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia and Nauru

:Kiribati People

Population: 74,788 (July 1992), growth rate 2.1% (1992) Birth rate: 33 births/1,000 population (1992) Death rate: 12 deaths/1,000 population (1992) Net migration rate: 1 migrant/1,000 population (1992) Infant mortality rate: 99 deaths/1,000 live births (1992) Life expectancy at birth: 52 years male, 56 years female (1992) Total fertility rate: 3.9 children born/woman (1992) Nationality: noun - I-Kiribati (singular and plural); adjective - I-Kiribati Ethnic divisions: Micronesian Religions: Roman Catholic 52.6%, Protestant (Congregational) 40.9%, Seventh-Day Adventist, Baha'i, Church of God, Mormon 6% (1985) Languages: English (official), Gilbertese Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%) Labor force: 7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (1985 est.) Organized labor: Kiribati Trades Union Congress - 2,500 members

:Kiribati Government