D.

_Daggett, H._, on the cutting of steel by soft iron, vi, 336.

Daguerrotype process, _Daguerre's_, xxxvii, 374; xxxviii, 97. ---- ----, improvement in, _F. A. P. Barnard_, xli, 352. ---- ---- and its applications, _W. H. Goode_, xl, 137. ---- experiment by galvanic light, _B. Silliman, Jr._ and _W. H. Goode_, xliii, 185. ---- pictures, mode of fixing, engraving, and printing from, _Dr. Berres_, xxxix, 385. ----, see farther under _Photography_.

Dahlias, notes concerning, xxiv, 208.

Daltonism, remarks on, _Prof. Wartmann_, xlii, 162.

_Dalyell, J. G._, on the propagation of Scottish Zoophytes, xxviii, 77.

Dams, vibrating, account of, _E. Loomis_, xlv, 363.^f ----, time of vibration calculated from the dimensions of, xlv, 373.

Damascus cutlery, v, 182.

_Dana, J. D._, description of the Argulus Catostomi, xxxi, 297.^f ----, ---- of the Caligus Americanus, xxxiv, 225.^f ----, ---- of two species of Hydrachna, xxx, 354.^f ----, metamorphosis of Anatifæ, and their relation to Crustacea, xlv, 335. ----, classification of minerals, xlvi, 374. ----, drawing of figures of crystals, xxxiii, 30.^f ----, crystallographic symbols, xxviii, 250. ----, on the formation of twin crystals, xxx, 275.^f ----, crystallization of the so-called Edwardsite, (monazite,) xxxiii, 202.^f ----, crystals of quartz, magnetic iron, apatite, and calc spar, distorted, xlvi, 365.^f ----, ---- pyrites, Rossie, xlvi, 36.^f ----, ---- datholite, xlvi, 380.^f ----, ---- zircon, tesselated, xlvi, 36.^f ----, eremite identical with monazite, xlv, 402.^f ----, Torrelite identical with Columbite, xxxii, 149.^f ----, measurement of Lederite, showing its identity with sphene, xlviii, 180. ----, minerals in crystallized limestones, produced by heat acting on constituents and impurities of non-crystallized limestones, xlvii, 135. ----, origin of the constituent and adventitious minerals of trap rocks, xlix, 49. ----, ---- of boracic acid in native borates, xlix, 61. ----, ---- of mountains, xlv, 128. ----, ---- of serpentine, xlv, 120. ----, ---- of zeolites, xlv, 116. ----, observations on pseudomorphism, xlviii, 81, 397. ----, on the analogies between modern igneous rocks, and the so-called primary formations, xlv, 104. ----, schistose structure due to state of crystallization of constituents, xlv, 105. ----, temperature limiting the distribution of corals, xlv, 130, 310. ----, areas of subsidence in the Pacific, indicated by the distribution of coral islands, xlv, 131^f, 310. ----, notice of Vesuvius, in 1834, xxvii, 281. ----, withdrawal of a charge against _J. P. Couthouy_, xlvii, 122. ----, reply to _Mr. Couthouy_, xlvi, 129. ----, System of Mineralogy by, reviewed, xlvi, 362.^f

_Dana, J. F._, on arsenical cobalt, and the modes of detecting cobalt, viii, 301. ----, on cantharadin in the Lytta vittata, or potato fly, ii, 137. ----, chemical examination of some morbid animal products, iv, 149. ----, on the connexion of heat, electricity and magnetism, vi, 163.^f ----, concretion from the tonsil, vi, 165. ----, electrical battery, i, 292.^f ----, preparation of euchlorine, vi, 164. ----, galvano-magnetic apparatus by, vi, 330.^f ----, theory of the action of nitrous gas in eudiometry, vii, 338. ----, effect of vapor on flame, i, 401. ----, on the wax of the Myrica cerifera, i, 294.

_Dana, S. L._, analyses of coprolites, xlviii, 46. ----, on the indigo of commerce, xlii, 320.

Danaite, analysis of, _A. A. Hayes_, xxiv, 386. ----, identical with mispickel, xlvi, 384.^f

Danburite, analysis of, _C. U. Shepard_, xxxv, 137.

_Darlington, W._, pluviometrical observations at Westchester, Penn., vi, 326. ----, note on Cardamine rotundifolia, xviii, 356. ----, importance of the grasses to man, xli, 365.

_Darling, N._, hurricane in New England, Sept., 1815, xlii, 243.

Datholite, crystal from Roaring Brook, Ct., _J. D. Dana_, xlvi, 380.^f ----, in Connecticut, xxii, 389; xlvi, 380.^f ----, in New Jersey, ii, 191, 369; v, 400; xl, 69; xliv, 58. ----, in New York, xliv, 58.

_Daubeny, C._, on the climate of N. America, xxxv, 288. ----, disintegration of the dolomites of the Tyrol, xlii, 321. ----, remarks on iodine and bromine in mineral waters, xxi, 366. ----, geology of N. America, xli, 195. ----, on the thermal springs of N. America, xxxvi, 88. ----, quantity of salt in seawater, xxxvi, 188. ----, on manures as stimulants to vegetation, xlii, 319. ----, effect of arsenic on vegetation, xxxi, 346.

_Daubuisson's_ Elements of Geology announced, ii, 166.

_Davenport's_ rotating electro-magnetic machine, xxxii, appendix after 216. ----, electro-magnetic machine, xxxiii, 193.

_Davies, C._, demonstration of a problem in conic sections, vi, 280.^f

_Davyne_, analysis and figure of, xi, 255.^f

Day, possible variation in the length of, _W. W. Mather_, xlvi, 344.

_Day, G. E._, on the restoration of the deaf and dumb to hearing, xxx, 301.

Dead animals, means of employing, _M. Payen_, xxiv, 326. ----, bodies, preservation of, i, 307. ----, Sea, observations on, ix, 349. ----, ----, level of, xl, 213. ----, ----, barometrical observations made to determine the level of, xlii, 214. ----, ----, account of, _J. D. Sherwood_, xlviii, 1. ----, ----, analysis of waters of, xiii, 395; _B. Silliman, Jr._, xlviii, 10.

Deaf and dumb, observations on the language of signs for, by _S. Akerly_, viii, 348.

Deafness, cure of, ix, 204; xxx, 301.

_Deane, J._, auroral arch in Vermont, xxxv, 380. ----, fossil footmarks of Turner's falls, Mass., xlvi, 73.^f ----, ---- ---- the ornithichnites of the Connecticut river sandstone, xlv, 178. ----, ---- ---- in the Connecticut valley, xlvii, 381; xlviii, 158^f; xlix, 213.^f ----, ---- ----, reply to _E. Hitchcock_, xlvii, 399. ----, ---- and rain drops, xlix, 213.^f ----, ---- ----, new species of Batrachian, xlix, 79.^f

_Dearborn, H. A. S._, on the changes of level in the North American lakes, xvi, 78.^f

Deaths, monthly, among infants in France, xix, 192. ----, statistics of, among the white troops in the West Indies, xxxvii, 196. ----, see _Obituary_.

_De Candolle, A. P._, biographical notice of, _G. B. Emerson_, xlii, 217. ----, anecdote of, iv, 388. ----, Species Plantarum announced, i, 435.

Deccan, geology, &c. of, xxxiii, 274.

Decomposition of vegetable and animal substances, most favorable circumstances for, xv, 182.

Decrepitation, cause of, _M. Baudrimont_, xxxi, 162.

Definitions, remarks on, _D. Wilkie_, xxx, 28, 266; xxxi, 88, 236.

Deflagrator, Hare's, iii, 105^f; iv, 201; v, 94.^f ----, and calorimotor, their relations to one another, and to other galvanic instruments, vi, 337. ----, its improved forms, deflagrating power, anomalous polarity, _R. Hare_, vii, 347^f; viii, 99; ix, 181. ----, galvanic, _R. Hare_, xl, 48. ----, improved form of, _M. Faraday_, xxxii, 170.

Degradation of greenstone in the Connecticut valley, vi, 55.

---- in western New York, _G. E. Hayes_, xxxv, 88.

_De la Beche, H. T._, rocks of Europe, classification of, xviii, 26.

_De Lalande_, notice of, iv, 381. ----, prizes founded by, xxv, 190.

_De la Rive, A._, galvanic instrument by, v, 395. ----, and _Macaire_, experiments on muriatic acid, xi, 393. ----, present state (1833) of the principles in electricity, xxvi, 175. ----, on electro-magnetic currents, xxxiv, 6.

_De la Rue, W._, structure of electro-precipitated metals, xlix, 390.

Delirium, Dwight's cases of, i, 431.

_Del Rio, A._, in reply to _Prof. Shepard_, xxx, 384. ----, reply of _Prof. Shepard_ to, xxxi, 131.

De Luc's column, on the construction of, _R. Hare_, xxv, 136.^f

_De Kay, J. E._, on the Pennatula sagitta of Lamarck, iv, 87.^f ----, on the supposed transportation of rocks, xiii, 348. ----, report on the bones of Big Bone Lick, xx, 370. ----, report on the fishes of New York, notice of, _D. H. Storer_, xlv, 275.

Denderah, zodiac of, removed to France, v, 191; vi, 200.

_Dent, E. J._, a portable mercurial pendulum, xxxv, 289. ----, on the errors of chronometers and on a new compensation-balance, xlv, 83.^f

Denudation by Long Lake and Mud Lake, Vt., xi, 39.^f

_Descartes_, theory of, xxxiii, 3. ----, head, presented to the French Institute, iv, 390.

Deserts, origin of, _W. C. Redfield_, xxv, 134; xxxiii, 261.

_Desfontaines_, life and writings of, xxvii, 201.

_Deshayes_, Tertiary Fossils, _Cuvier_ and _Brongniart's_ report on, xxiii, 196.

_Desmarest, A. G._, notice of, xxxvii, 124.

_Despretz, C._, on crystallizable acetic acid, xxvii, 197.

Detection of adulterations in alcohol, xix, 71. ---- ---- in ammonia, xix, 72. ---- ---- in arrow root, xix, 72. ---- ---- in calomel, xix, 72. ---- ---- in castor oil, xix, 77. ---- ---- in chromate of lead, xix, 73. ---- ---- in copaiva, xix, 73. ---- ---- in iodide of potassium, xix, 74. ---- ---- in lemon juice, xix, 75. ---- ---- in morphine, xix, 75. ---- ---- in oil of sweet almonds, xix, 76. ---- ---- ----, of olives, xix, 76. ---- ---- in peroxide of manganese, xix, 78. ---- ---- in Peruvian bark, xix, 81. ---- ---- in phosphate of soda, xix, 82. ---- ---- in prussic acid, xix, 70. ---- ---- in soda, xix, 83. ---- ---- in sulphate of magnesia, xix, 84. ---- ---- in sulphate of quinine, xix, 84. ---- ---- in tartrate of potash, xix, 85. ---- ---- in tartar emetic, xix, 86. ---- ---- in vinegar, xix, 86. ---- of arsenic, iii, 354; iv, 155; xliv, 213. ---- ----, _L. Feuchtwanger_ on, xix, 339.^f ---- ----, _Riench's_ mode, xliv, 240. ---- ----, _J. L. Smith_ on, xl, 278; xlii, 75.^f

Devonshire, structure of, _Sedgwick_ and _Murchison_, xxxi, 349^f; xxxiii, 85. ----, lines of dislocation in, _De la Beche_, xxi, 354.

Dewpoint, remarks on, _A. A. Hayes_, xviii, 63.

_Dewey, C._, aurora borealis at Rochester, N.Y., July, 1837, xxxiii, 143. ----, ---- ---- of Sept., 1839, xxxviii, 146. ----, an early autumn indicated by the indigenous plants which blossom late, ii, 255. ----, on making meteorological observations, xi, 59. ----, sunsets in the west, xxxviii, 151; xlii, 200. ----, temperature of Lake Ontario, xxxvii, 242. ----, caricography by, vii, 264; viii, 93, 264; ix, 60, 257; x, 30, 265; xi, 147, 304; xii, 296; xiv, 351; xxv, 140; xxvi, 107, 376; xxvii, 236; xxviii, 270; xxix, 245; xxx, 59; xxxix, 50; xliii, 90; xlviii, 140; xlix, 42. ----, carices in the herbarium of Muhlenberg, xxv, 143. ----, ---- collected in Arctic America, xxvii, 240. ----, on the conduction of water, xxviii, 151; xxxi, 266. ----, on crystallized steatite, and ores of iron and manganese, v, 249. ----, hydrargillite, iii, 239. ----, Wavellite, from Richmond, Mass., ii, 249; iii, 239. ----, analyses of argentine and crystallized steatite, vi, 333. ----, mineralogy and geology of Williamstown, Mass., i, 337. ----, geology and mineralogy of part of Massachusetts, and some portions of the adjoining states, viii, 1^f, 240. ----, geological section from Taconick range in Williamstown, to Troy, ii, 246. ----, notice of the flexible or elastic marble of Berkshire Co., Mass., ix, 241. ----, on the polished limestone of Rochester, xxxvii, 240. ----, striæ and furrows of the polished rocks of western N. York, xliv, 146. ----, singular conformation of limestone, ix, 19.^f ----, on the rocks of New York, xxxiii, 121. ----, naphtha in quartz crystals, i, 345.

Deweylite from Middlefield, Mass., analysis of, _C. U. Shepard_, xviii, 81. ----, analysis of, _T. Thomson_, xxxi, 173.

_De Witt, S._, mode of drawing ellipses, xxiv, 369.^f ----, a conical raingauge, xxii, 321.^f ----, obituary notice of, xxvii, 395.

Diabetes, cause of, xlix, 202.

Diabetic urine, to detect sugar in, xlix, 200.

Diallage allied to Augite, xx, 168. ----, in Connecticut, vi, 227.

Diamonds at Algiers, xxviii, 394. ----, pretended artificial, xvi, 394. ----, matrix of, _D. Brewster_, xxix, 366. ----, on the origin and the use of, xvii, 372. ----, remarkable, v, 175. ----, new structure in, _D. Brewster_, xxxiv, 37. ----, supposed locality in the United States, xxix, 394. ---- mines of Russia, xix, 199.

Diamond Hill, N. Y., ii, 13.

Diathermancy, _M. Melloni_, xxvii, 228; xl, 313.

Dichroism of the palladio-chlorides of potassium and ammonium, xliv, 165.

_Dickson, J._, geology and mineralogy of parts of N. and S. Carolina, iii, 1.

Dicobune, xxxvii, 232.

Dictionary of Anamitic and Latin, _Taberd_, xl, 43. ----, Morrison's Chinese, iii, 377. ---- of ancient and modern Greek, in course of publication, iii, 381.

Didymium, a new metal, xliii, 404. ---- and cerium, method of separating the oxides of, xlvi, 206.

Differential calculus, on the first principles of, _T. Strong_, xlv, 269. ----, equations of the second order, integration of, xlii, 273.

Dikes, observed to have a crescent shape in Connecticut, _J. G. Percival_, xlvi, 205. ---- of trap, cause of crescent form, _H. D. Rogers_, xlv, 334. ---- ----, in the Connecticut valley, vi, 47, 56.^f ---- ----, of Maine, of four different ages, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 145. ---- ----, in Massachusetts, near Lowell, and at Nahant, &c., xxvii, 342. ---- ----, in Michigan, _D. Houghton_, xli, 184. ---- ----, in granite, New Hampshire, numerous, _O. P. Hubbard_, xxxiv, 105.^f ---- ----, or natural walls, of Rowan, N. C., xiv, 242. ---- ----, in Montgomery, Vt., xxii, 189. ---- ----, connection of, with the iron ores of Essex Co., N. Y., _E. Emmons_, xl, 81. ---- ----, effect on limestone, xxix, 351. ---- ----, action on mica slate, xxvii, 343. ---- of porphyry in Nova Scotia, xv, 203, 213.

Dilatation of gases, _V. Regnault_, xliv, 63.

Diluvial action, in Sullivan Co., N. Y., facts relating to, _W. A. Thompson_, xxiii, 243. ---- scratches, see _Scratches_.

Dimorphism, viii, 378; xlvi, 370.

Dinornis, notice of, _G. A. Mantell_, xlv, 184, 188. ----, ----, and on the Ornithichnites, _R. Owen_, xlv, 185; xlviii, 194. ----, bearing of, on the subject of fossil footprints, xlviii, 199.

Dinotherium, _R. Harlan_, xli, 178.

Diophantine problems, solutions of two, _T. Strong_, xxxi, 156.

Dioptase, analysis of, Damour, xlvii, 216.

Dip, magnetic, daily variation in, _M. Kupffer_, xxv, 194. ----, ----, in different regions, _T. H. Perry_, xlvii, 84. ----, ----, at St. Petersburg, xxi, 382. ----, ----, in the U. States, xl, 380. ----, ----, ibid, _J. Locke_, xxxix, 319; xl, 149; xli, 15. ----, ----, ibid, _E. Loomis_, xxxiv, 290^f; xxxix, 41^f; xliii, 93. ----, ----, at Baltimore, _J. Locke_ and _Nicollet_, xlii, 238. ----, ----, at Baltimore and Philadelphia, _A. D. Bache_, xl, 375. ----, ----, at Nantucket, Mass., _W. Mitchell_, xlvi, 157. ----, ----, in Ohio and Michigan, _E. Loomis_, xxxviii, 397.

Diplomatic cipher, new, iv, 377.

Dipping compass, on the manipulations of, _J. Locke_, xlii, 235. ---- needle, theory of adjusting, _T. H. Perry_, xxxvii, 277. ---- ----, see _Magnetic Needle_.

Dipyre, xlvii, 417.

Disease among shell fish, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxxii, 97.^f

Disinfection by means of alkaline chlorides, xiii, 169. ---- ---- of alcohol, xiii, 174.

Disintegration of the dolomites of the Tyrol, _Daubeny_, xlii, 321.

Dislocations, lines of, in Devonshire, _De la Beche_, xxxi, 354. ---- of strata in the U. States, _E. Hitchcock_, xli, 268.

Diving bell, descents in, at Portsmouth, N. H., _T. Alden_, xxii, 325. ---- ----, heat during descent in, xxv, 196.

Divining rod, iii, 102; xi, 201.^f

Divisibility of a finite quantity of matter, on the infinite, _S. Clark_, ix, 356. ----, remarks on, x, 99.

_Dix, D. L._, notice of the Aranea aculeata, Philæna antiqua, and some Papiliones, xix, 61.^f

_Dixon's_ manufacture of lead pots, xxi, 196.

_Döbereiner's_ researches respecting platina, xviii, 151. ----, on formic acid, xxviii, 126. ----, new compounds of platinum, xxviii, 130.

_Dobson, P._, remarks on the origin of boulders, x, 217. ----, views on boulders, _Murchison's_ citation of, xliii, 200.

Dog, tongueless, retaining the power of barking, xxxvi, 194. ---- sleds of the Northwest, xiii, 391.^f

Dogs, anecdote of, xlvi, 243.

Dolomisation, theory of von Buch, _Daubeny's_ objections to, xxxi, 372. ----, ---- ----, facts in Maine, not confirmatory of, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 147.

Dolomite, analysis of, iv, 17.

Dolomites of the Tyrol, disintegration of, _C. Daubeny_, xlii, 321. ----, in Africa, iv, 33. ----, in Connecticut, ii, 206; v, 36; viii, 255. ----, in Massachusetts, (fetid,) iii, 239; viii, 35. ----, in New York, iv, 17.

Dominica, raised coral reef of, iv, 218.

Donium, supposed new metal, _T. Richardson_, xxxi, 163.

_Donovan, E._, notice of the works of, xxxvii, 163.

_Doolittle, A._, the earliest American engraver, xxii, 183.

_Doolittle, I._, on a new method of charring wood, xvii, 395.^f ----, on crank motion, xii, 367; xiv, 60.^f ----, gelatine from bones, i, 170. ----, description of a hydrostat, xiii, 64.^f ----, on the revolving steam engine of Morey, ii, 101.^f

_Doornik, J. E._, observations on the use made of fossils in geological science, xv, 90.

Dorudon, xlix, 216.

_Douglas, D._, obituary notice of, xxx, 196.

_Douglass, D. B._, plants from the headwaters of the Mississippi, iv, 56.

_Dové_, on the laws of storms, xliv, 315.^f ----, ---- ----, strictures on, by _R. Hare_, xliv, 137. ----, ---- ----, reply to _R. Hare's_ strictures on, by _W. C. Redfield_, xliv, 384.

_Downing, A. J._, on the order Cycadeæ and the seed of Cycas revoluta, xxxii, 45.^f

Draining, extensive, in Russia, v, 393.

_Draper, J. W._, allotropism of chlorine, as connected with the theory of substitutions, xlix, 346.^f ----, carbonic acid and alkaline carbonates, decomposition of, by the light of the sun, xlvi, 398. ----, coins and medals, xxix, 157. ----, electricity, influence of, on capillary attraction, xxvi, 399. ----, elementary substance, change in, from exposure to the sun's rays, xlvi, 390. ----, idolatry and philosophy of the Zabians, xxviii, 201. ----, light, latent, xliv, 202. ----, tithonometer, xlvi, 217.^f

Dreelite, analysis of, xxx, 380.

Drift, discussion on, at the Association of American geologists and naturalists, 1842, xliii, 151. ----, _P. Dobson's_ views on the iceberg theory of, xlvi, 169. ----, _J. L. Hayes_, on the probable influence of icebergs on, xlv, 316, 326. ----, _E. Hitchcock_, theory of the U. States, xli, 248. ----, ----, singular instance in Berkshire Co., Mass., xlvii, 132; xlix, 258.^f ----, ----, influence of ice on, xlv, 324. ----, ----, copper in, Mass., xlv, 331. ----, _C. T. Jackson_, remarks on, xlv, 320. ----, _Nicollet_, remarks in opposition to the glacial theory, xlv, 323. ----, _W. C. Redfield_, influence of ice on, xlv, 325. ----, _H. D. Rogers_, remarks on, xlvii, 263. ----, ----, connection of, with earthquake vibrations, xlvii, 273. ----, see farther under _Boulders_ and _Scratches_.

Drowned person, time of, under water, determined, xviii, 170.

Drowning, resuscitation from, by oxygen gas, xvi, 250.

Druids were Zabians, xxviii, 214.

Drummond's mode of lighting light-houses by means of lime, xxi, 366.

Dry rot, _G. Gibbs_, ii, 114. ---- ----, cause of, xxx, 182. ---- ----, _P. Rainey_, xxxiv, 169. ---- ----, brief strictures on an article on, in vol. xxxiv, _J. T. Plummer_, xlii, 197.

Drunkenness, remedy for, iv, 385.

_Ducatel, J. T._, and _J. H. Alexander_, report on the geology of Maryland, xxvii, 1. ----, experiments on potassium and sodium, xxv, 90.

_Dumas, J._, on the determination of nitrogen in organic compounds, xxviii, 134.

_Dumont's_ filter and prepared charcoal, xxiii, 346.^f

_Duncan, H._, on the footprints of animals in sandstone in Scotland, xv, 84.

_Dunn's_ Chinese collection at Philadelphia, xxxv, 391.

_Durant, C. F._, improvement of the barometer, xxvii, 97.^f

_Dwight, H. E._, account of the Kaatskill mountains, ii, 11.

_Dwight, Benj. W._, facts illustrative of the powers and operations of the human mind in a diseased state, i, 431.

_Dwight, S. E._, on the eruption of Long lake and Mud lake, Vt., xi, 39.^f ----, notice of a meteoric fireball, xiii, 35.

Dye, new blue, by _Robiquet_, xxii, 197. ----, superior green, vii, 196. ----, pink, from the flower of the sweet balm, xxv, 413. ----, for hats, from oak bark, xxii, 383. ----, employment of iodine as, xv, 394.

Dyeing, experiments on coloring matter for, _M. Persoz_, xxiv, 380. ----, use of chesnut wood in, i, 312.

E.

Eagle, bald, iv, 89.

Earth, action of gravity variable, and producing errors in the determination of the figure of, xv, 172. ----, _Cordier's_ essay on the temperature of, noticed, xv, 109. ----, ----, on fluidity of the centre of, xv, 117, 118. ----, ----, on tides in the surface of, xv, 123. ----, ----, change of level in the crust of, owing to contraction or to tides in the fluid interior, xv, 122, 124. ----, _Fourier_ on the temperature of, xxxii, 1. ----, heat of the interior of, _R. Patterson_, xxxvii, 357. ----, remarks on the theory of central heat, _W. Maclure_, xv, 384. ----, deductions from the igneous theory of, _J. H. Lathrop_, xxxix, 90. ----, oblateness and axes of, degree of a meridian, &c., _T. J. Cram_, xxxi, 222.^f

Earthenware and porcelain, on the art of, xxvi, 233. History of the art, xxvi, 233.^f

Earthquakes in America: ---- ----, South, _M. Hamilton_, xli, 57. ---- ----, ----, in Chili, 1835, xxviii, 336. ---- ----, ----, at eruption of Cosiguina, xxviii, 332. ---- ----, in U. States, i, 93; xliv, 419. ---- ----, ----, in New England, xxxix, 336; xl, 204, 205, 206. ---- ----, ----, in Connecticut, Aug., 1840, xxxix, 335. ---- ----, ----, ----, at Hartford, Apr. 12, 1837, xxxii, 399. ---- ----, ----, ----, E. Haddam subterranean noises, xxxix, 336. ---- ----, ----, Mississippi, notice of, iii, 20. ---- ----, ----, ibid, from the travels of _Flint_, xv, 366. ---- ----, ----, ibid, _F. C. Usher_, xxxi, 294.^f ---- ----, near the Saguenay, _R. H. Bonnycastle_, xxx, 236. ---- ----, in West Indies, Feb., 1843, xliv, 419; xlvii, 182. ---- in Europe, in Sicily, 1823, ix, 216. ---- ----, at Florence, March, 1835, xxviii, 340. ---- in Asia, in Burmah, 1839, xxxviii, 385. ---- ----, at Cutch, 16th June, 1819, iv, 315. ---- ----, in Palestine, xlviii, 14. ---- ----, at Tabriz, xxxvii, 351. ----, causes and effects of, _I. Lea_, ix, 209. ----, remarks on, xiv, 72. ----, _G. Bischof_ on the natural history of, xxxvii, 41.^f ----, ----, instances of, xxxvii, 41, 47. ----, ----, causes of, xxxvii, 42. ----, ----, connection with volcanoes, xxxvii, 43. ----, ----, propagation of, xxxvii, 46. ----, ----, direction of, xxxvii, 47. ----, ----, elevation from, xxxvi, 273. ----, ----, elevation of the Andes, xxxvii, 49. ----, ----, state of the barometer not a cause, xxxvii, 50. ----, ----, theory of central heat, xxxvii, 52. ----, _Necker's_ views, xxxvii, 236. ----, _H. D. Rogers_, characters of some recent, as bearing upon the dynamics of geology, xlv, 341. ----, ----, undulatory character of, xlvii, 274. ----, ----, on undulations of, a cause of flexure in rocks, xliii, 177; xlv, 341. ----, effects of, on the growth of wheat, ix, 208.

East and West Rock, N. Haven, Ct., geological structure of, vi, 44. ----, scenery of, vii, 1.

_Eastman, R._, improved rotary saw machine, v, 146.^f

_Eaton, A._, alcohol, observations on, xvi, 173. ----, geology of the Highlands, N. York, v, 231. ----, ---- and meteorology west of the Rocky Mts., xxv, 351. ----, ---- along the Erie canal, viii, 358; ix, 355; xiii, 383. ----, ----, coal formations of N. York, xix, 21. ----, ---- of northern states, notice of Index to, i, 69. ----, ----, Cherty limerock, xxxvi, 61. ----, ----, coal, anthracite, Washington Co., N. Y., xvi, 299. ----, ---- of Southampton Lead mine, i, 136. ----, ----, diluvial deposits in N. York and elsewhere, xii, 17. ----, gravel near Troy, v, 22. ----, North American localities, showing equivalency of rocks on opposite sides of the Atlantic, xxxix, 149. ----, cardinal points in stratiographical geology, xxi, 199. ----, geological equivalents, xxi, 132. ----, ----, nomenclature of rocks, xiv, 145^f, 359. ----, ----, Prodromus, xvii, 63. ----, gold rock of the south is talcose slate, xviii, 50. ----, ----, ----, of Mexico equivalent to that of the Carolinas, xx, 124. ----, Boletus igniarius, analogous to animal substances, vi, 177. ----, Crotalus reliquus, xx, 122.^f ----, gases and salts forming near Erie canal, xv, 233. ----, living antediluvial animals, xv, 233. ----, number _five_ a favorite in nature, xvi, 172. ----, magnetic needles, improvement in manufacture of, xii, 14. ----, trilobites, xxii, 165. ----, notice of new edition of the Geological Text Book of, xxii 391. ----, remarks by _D. Thomas_ on the views of, on the coal formations of New York, xix, 326.

Ebullition by cold, apparatus for producing, _R. Hare_, xxxiii, 248.^f

Echinus, see ZOOLOGY, _Radiata_.

Echo, in Virginia, _C. G. Page_, xxxvi, 174. ----, in N. York state, _J. B. Church_, xxxvi, 175. ---- a means of determining the depth of a sea, not effectual, _C. Bonnycastle_, xxxviii, 160.

Eclipse, solar, Feb. 12, 1831, xxii, 189. ----, ----, in 1834, observation on, _L. Brant_, xxvii, 386. ----, ----, of May, 1836, observations on, xl, 29. ----, ----, of Sept., 1838, observations on, xxxviii, 158, 163, 172, 174; xl, 29. ----, ----, ----, observations on, _D. Olmsted_, xxxv, 174. ----, ----, ibid, micrometric measures, _E. P. Mason_, xxxv, 176. ----, ----, of July, 1842, xlii, 175; xliii, 401; xliv, 211. ----, ----, ----, observations suggested by, xlii, 395.

Edinburgh, on the geology of Calton Hill, near, _J. W. Webster_, i, 230.^f ----, freshwater limestone of Burdie House, _S. Hibbert_, xxviii, 365.

_Edmondson, T._, modification of _Ampère's_ rotating galvanic element, xxvi, 370.^f ----, rotating armatures, xxvi, 205^f; xxxii, 399.

Education in Africa, ii, 343. ---- ----, in Egypt, xii, 389. ---- in England, number of students at Cambridge and Oxford, xix, 195. ---- in Europe, by schools of mutual instruction, iv, 199. ---- ----, in Austria, Vienna Polytechnic Institute, x, 379. ---- ----, in Belgium, at Brussels, vii, 382. ---- ----, in Denmark, xii, 189; xiii, 173; xvii, 394. ---- ----, ----, at Copenhagen, x, 175. ---- ----, ----, ----, bequest for, ix, 183. ---- ----, ----, ----, deaf and dumb, xii, 197. ---- ----, in France, vii, 199; xii, 392. ---- ----, ----, in Paris, free commercial school, x, 171. ---- ----, ----, ----, _M. Cochin's_ munificence, xvii, 394. ---- ----, ----, at Caen, in prison, v, 382. ---- ----, ----, at Lyons, xx, 174. ---- ----, ----, at Marseilles, v, 191. ---- ----, in Germany or Prussia, viii, 185; xiii, 159; xx, 388. ---- ----, ----, Halle University, xiv, 381. ---- ----, ----, Berlin Rural School, ix, 187. ---- ----, ----, at Munich, iv, 196. ---- ----, ----, Wurtemberg university, viii, 183. ---- ----, in Greece, at Chios, iv, 196. ---- ----, in Holland or Netherlands, xviii, 182. ---- ----, ----, at Maestricht, by mutual instruction, v, 386. ---- ----, in Hungary, xiii, 165. ---- ----, in Poland, at Warsaw, ix, 186. ---- ----, in Portugal, vii, 198; ix, 187. ---- ----, in Russia, v, 176; xx, 176. ---- ----, ----, St. Petersburg Greek Seminary, vi, 387. ---- ----, ----, endowment of schools by a princess, iv, 386. ---- ----, in Sweden, ix, 182. ---- ----, in Switzerland, vi, 391; vii, 381; xii, 191; xiii, 397. ---- ----, ----, at Bâle, rural school, ix, 368. ---- ----, ----, at Geneva, v, 179, 380; x, 383. ---- in U. States, xx, 413. ---- ----, in New York, xv, 401; xxii, 415; xxv, 258; xxvii, 177; xxx, 389; xlix, 176. ---- ----, in Connecticut, N. Haven Gymnasium, xiii, 385. ----, different systems of, _W. Maclure_, ix, 160, 163. ----, mutual instruction schools in Europe, iv, 199. ----, _M. Ordinaire's_ method, vii, 199, 383. ----, Owen's plan, ix, 383. ----, Owen's establishment, x, 165. ----, Pestalozzian system, _W. Maclure_, ix, 163; x, 145. ----, new method in Latin, v, 182. ---- of the poor, iii, 379. ----, American Annals of, _W. C. Woodbridge_, xix, 174, 357. ---- and government of boys, vii, 161. ----, original papers relating to a course of liberal, xv, 297.

_Edwards, J._, observations on spiders, xxi, 109.^f

Edwardsite, new mineral, with an analysis, _C. U. Shepard_, xxxii, 162. ----, identical with monazite, _G. Rose_, xxxix, 249. ----, ibid, _C. U. Shepard_, xxxix, 251. ----, crystallization of, xxxiii, 202.^f

Eggs, artificial incubation, ix, 196. ----, mode of blowing for preservation, xxi, 161. ----, means of preserving, v, 379. ----, Scotch method of preserving, xxvi, 188.

Egypt, notices of, xxviii, 23.^f ----, notice of works in, iii, 378. ----, ---- the canal of Mahommaddie, xxviii, 27. ----, ---- the Nile, xxviii, 28. ----, ---- Mahomet Ali, xxviii, 30. ----, education in, xii, 389. ----, embalmed ibis, bat, &c. from, _S. G. Morton_, xli, 187. ----, statistics of, vi, 389. ----, position of Memphis in, xxxi, 373.

Egyptian crania, observations on, _S. G. Morton_, xlviii, 268.

_Ehrenberg, C. G._, on recent and fossil infusoria, xxxiii, 111; xxxv, 371^f; xxxvii, 116. ----, ibid, American, distribution, extent and influence of, xliii, 393; xlvi, 297.^f ----, ----, ----, in Virginia, xlvi, 300; xlviii, 201. ----, ----, ----, in New York, at West Point, xlvi, 303. ----, ----, at Berlin, xlii, 388. ----, ----, general results of researches on, xlvii, 208. ---- and _Hemprich_, journey in northern Africa, vii, 195.

Elaine from oils, new mode of obtaining, _M. Pechet_, ix, 189. ----, separation of, from oils, xiii, 186. ----, and stearine, vi, 377.

Elasticity, an experiment on, with wine-glasses, xxii, 190.^f

Elaterite, or fossil caoutchouc, xl, 215.

Electrepeter, _Clarke's_, xxxiii, 224.^f ----, new form of, _C. G. Page_, xxxiii, 377.^f ----, magnetic and electrotome, _C. G. Page_, xxxv, 112.^f

Electric amalgam, _W. R. Johnson_, xxv, 68. ---- battery, i, 292.^f ---- brush, _R. Hare_, xxxii, 277.^f ---- currents along the muscles and nerves different, xix, 180. ---- ---- in the nerves, on the hypothesis of, _M. Matteucci_, xlix, 387. ---- ----, course of, in electric discharges, _W. R. Johnson_, xxv, 58. ---- ----, effect of placing a candle between the poles, _W. R. Johnson_, xxv, 59. ---- ----, two or more over the same conductor without interference, _S. F. B. Morse_, xliv, 418.^f ---- ---- and sparks from magnets, _J. Henry_, xxii, 403. ---- ----, ponderable matter transported by, xii, 383. ---- discharges, lateral, _J. Henry_, xxxiv, 16.^f ---- discriminator, (electroscope,) _R. Hare_, xxv, 136.^f ---- excitement in leather by friction, xxxvii, 197. ---- ----, peculiar case of, in a woman, xxxiii, 394; xl, 386. ---- experiments, season favorable for, _W. R. Johnson_, xxv, 60. ---- fish, on the coast of Cape Cod, _D. H. Storer_, xliv, 213. ---- ----, Gymnotus, xl, 386. ---- fluids, the existence of two, opposed by _R. Hare_, vii, 103.^f ---- ----, observations on, _C. G. Page_, xxxvi, 353. ---- induction, decomposition of water by, _M. Hachette_, xxiv, 142. ---- ----, currents of electricity from, of different orders, _J. Henry_, xxxviii, 232.^f ---- ----, polarity produced by, xxxviii, 3. ---- ----, _R. Hare_, letters on, to _M. Faraday_, xxxviii, 1, 19; xli, 1. ---- ----, _M. Faraday_, in reply to _R. Hare_, xxxix, 108; xlii, 291. ---- jar, on the discharge of, xxxviii, 6. ---- kite, for determining the electricity of the upper currents of the air, _J. Swaim_, xxxii, 304.^f ---- lady, explanation of, xxxiii, 394; xl, 386. ---- light, a mode of producing, viii, 380. ---- machine, form and arrangement of, _W. R. Johnson_, xxv, 66. ---- ----, plate, viii, 378. ---- ----, ----, _R. Hare_, vii, 108^f; xxxii, 272.^f ---- ----, communication of, with the earth not necessary, _R. Hare_, xxiv, 253. ---- pile, theory of, xix, 375. ---- shock from a cat, mode of receiving, viii, 391. ---- sound, xlix, 390. ---- spark, _W. R. Johnson_, xxv, 57. ---- ----, length of, as affected by the size of the balls, _W. R. Johnson_, xxv, 60. ---- ----, perforations by, in a quire of paper or card, _W. R. Johnson_, xxv, 64. ---- ----, ----, ibid, _C. G. Page_, xxxvi, 353. ---- ---- drawn from a heated stove, xl, 385, 386. ---- ----, remarks on the so-called positive and negative, _R. Hare_, xxxii, 275.^f ---- ----, _Wheatstone's_ experiment to determine whether there is a sensible duration to, xxviii, 60. ---- ----, from magnets, _J. Henry_, xxii, 403. ---- ----, ----, _J. P. Emmet_, xxiv, 78.^f ---- syringe, _C. G. Page_, xxvi, 110.^f

ELECTRICITY.

----, animal, mode of receiving a shock from a cat, viii, 391. ----, ----, peculiar case in a woman, xxxiii, 394; xl, 386. ----, ----, of fish on the coast of Cape Cod, _D. H. Storer_, xliv, 213. ----, ----, _Matteucci_ on, xxi, 157. ----, ----, observations on, _Linari_ and _Matteucci_, xxxii, 198; xlix, 388. ----, atmospheric, water decomposed by, xx, 179; xxi, 368. ----, ----, observations on, _M. Matteucci_, xxx, 376. ----, blasting by means of, xvi, 372.^f ----, capillary attraction influenced by, _J. W. Draper_, xxvi, 399. ----, ----, ---- productive of, ix, 193. ----, conducting power of liquid gases, xxi, 374. ----, ----, ---- of the metals, xii, 199. ----, ----, ---- of steam, xxvii, 206. ----, ----, ---- of the solar rays, xvii, 391. ----, the conductibility of, by liquids, increased by adding water, xvii, 165. ----, by contact, _Karsten_, xxxi, 159. ----, decomposition of water by atmospheric and common, xxi, 368. ----, discharge, lateral, _J. Henry_, xxxiv, 16.^f ----, effects of, on vegetation, _M. Baric_, xxxi, 160. ----, fluids of, one or two, _R. Hare_, vii, 103.^f ----, ----, ibid, _C. G. Page_, xxxvi, 353. ----, generation of, by the electrical machine, _G. W. Rains_, xlix, 93.^f ----, evaporation in gilding, producing, v, 198. ----, induced currents of different orders produced by, _J. Henry_, xxxviii, 232.^f ----, influence of, on the process of beer making, xxxiv, 8. ----, ----, on capillary attraction, xxvi, 399. ----, ----, on odors, xv, 394. ----, ----, on phosphorescence, _T. J. Pearsall_, xxi, 378. ----, light acting on an iodized plate, producing, xlvii, 190. ----, machinery producing, _A. Smith_, xxxix, 134. ----, medical, _J. Hall_, iii, 166. ----, motion producing and motion produced by, _J. Locke_, xxxiv, 130. ----, needle deflected by, xii, 199. ----, of peroxide of manganese, xxx, 179. ----, ponderable substances transferred by, _A. Fusinieri_, xxii, 355. ----, principles of, in 1833, _A. de la Rive_, xxvi, 175. ---- produced by the action of light on an iodized silver plate, xlvii, 190. ---- ---- by machinery, _A. Smith_, xxxix, 134. ---- ---- by a separation of parts, or fracture, viii, 379. ---- from steam, xl, 382. ---- of the tourmaline, xvi, 390. ---- retained in a vacuum, xxix, 354. ----, science of, in 1833, _A. de la Rive_, xxvi, 175. ----, theory of, _J. D. Whelpley_, xlviii, 364. ----, ----, _Van Marum_ on, iii, 385. ---- and magnetism, connection between, iii, 386.^f ----, heat and magnetism, on the connection of, _J. F. Dana_, vi, 163.^f ----, thermo-, see _Thermo-Electricity_. ----, Galvanic battery, _E. de Butts_, viii, 271.^f ---- ---- of carbon, xxxix, 132. ---- ---- ----, _B. Silliman, Jr._, xliii, 393; xliv, 180.^f ---- ----, _Crosse's_, some account of, xxxii, 372. ---- ----,_ De la Rive's_, v, 395. ---- ----, dry, xii, 195; xvii, 162. ---- ----, _Grove's_, xxxviii, 116. ---- ----, ----, experiments with, _S. F. B. Morse_, xlv, 390.^f ---- ----, _R. Hare's_ new modifications of, iii, 105.^f ---- ----, ----, calorimotor, i, 413; v, 94, 357, 364; vi, 337; xxxii, 284.^f ---- ----, ----, deflagrator, iii, 105^f; iv, 201; v, 94; vi, 337; vii, 347^f; viii, 99; ix, 181; xl, 48. ---- ----, ---- ----, improved form of, _M. Faraday_, xxxii, 170. ---- ----, ----, combining the advantages of the trough of Cruikshank with the deflagrator, xxxii, 285.^f ---- ----, of great power, _F. W. de Moleyns_, xliv, 357. ---- ----, _J. Henry_, on a spark from a long conductor uniting the poles of, xxviii, 327. ---- ----, ----, action of a spiral conductor, xxviii, 329. ---- ----, _C. G. Page_, on iron or any metal a substitute for copper, xxxii, 197. ---- ----, ----, on the benefit of fresh immersion, xxxvi, 137.^f ---- ----, _W. B._ and _H. D. Rogers_, experimental enquiry into some of the laws of, xxvii, 39.^f ---- ----, ----, relative influences of the zinc and copper, xxvii, 41. ---- ----, ----, examination of _Ritchie's_ law of surface, xxvii, 53. ---- ----, ----, influence of temperature, xxvii, 57. ---- ----, _J. B. Rogers_ and _J. Green_, ibid, xxviii, 33. ---- ----, ----, relative importance of the zinc and copper, xxviii, 34. ---- ----, ----, relative distance of the plates, xxviii, 39. ---- ----, ----, deflecting power from different menstrua, xxviii, 40. ---- ----, _W. Sturgeon_, difference in the effects of the two polar wires, xxxix, 31.^f ---- ----, _Watkins'_ dry, xvii, 162. ---- blasting, _R. Hare_, xxi, 139; xxvi, 352^f; xxxviii, 188. ---- ----, _H. K. G. Morgan_, xxxviii, 33. ---- calorimotor, _Hare's_, i, 413^f; v, 94, 357, 364; vi, 337; xxxii, 284.^f ---- ----, for galvano-ignition apparatus, _R. Hare_, xxxii, 284.^f ---- circle, theory of, _T. Graham_, xxxviii, 117. ---- currents, caloric a cause of, _J. P. Emmet_, xxv, 269. ---- ----, remarks on, xviii, 199.^f ---- ----, and sparks from the horse-shoe magnet, _J. P. Emmet_, xxiv, 78.^f ---- deflagrator, _Hare's_, iii, 105^f; iv, 201; v, 94; vi, 337; vii, 347^f; viii, 99; ix, 181; xl, 48. ---- ----, improved form of, _M. Faraday_, xxxii, 170. ---- experiments by _A. Crosse_, producing crystals, and, as supposed, insects, xxxv, 125.^f ---- ----, by _R. Hare_, viii, 145. ---- ----, with grasshopper's legs, _J. W. Bailey_, xxxi, 292.^f ---- ignition of gunpowder, _R. Hare_, xxxvii, 269. ---- induction, _J. P. Emmet_, xxvi, 23.^f ---- lamp, an improvement in, by _Dr. J. Cutbush_, ii, 332. ---- light, transmission of, through metals of different conducting powers, _J. Thomas_, xxxiv, 205.^f ---- ----, daguerrotype experiment by, _B. Silliman, Jr._ and _W. H. Goode_, xliii, 185. ---- multiplier, see _Galvanometer_. ---- music, production of, _C. G. Page_, xxxii, 396; xxxiii, 118. ---- phenomenon, attending the soldering of water pipes in N. York city, xvii, 194. ---- protection by the contact of heterogeneous metals, xvi, 263. ---- trough, _Watkins's_, xvi, 215.

_Galvanism_, anthracite a conductor of, v, 200. ----, charcoal fused by, v, 108, 361; viii, 147, 288; xxxviii, 190. ----, ---- ----, _L. Vanuxem's_ examination of, viii, 292. ----, on colors supposed to be transferred by, through animal substances, _A. Jones_, xxi, 316. ----, _A. Crosse's_ experiments in, see _Crosse_. ----, crystallization of metals by, _G. Bird_, xxxiii, 267. ----, ----, _M. Becquerel_, xvii, 383. ----, crystals and insects, _A. Crosse_, xxxv, 125.^f ----, engravings copied by, _von Kobell_, xlviii, 221.^f ----, engravings and medals by, _T. Spencer_, xl, 157.^f ----, fossils copied by, xlii, 327. ----, gilding by, xli, 402. ----, insects supposed to be produced by, xxxii, 374^f; xxxiii, 272; xxxv, 125^f; xlix, 227. ----, ----, ----, _W. H. Weekes_, xliii, 395. ----, grasshopper's legs, a substitute for frogs, _J. W. Bailey_, xxxi, 292.^f ----, insulation of wires, a mode of, proposed, _A. A. Hayes_, xx, 409. ----, metals precipitated by, structure of, _W. de la Rue_, xlix, 390. ----, minerals changed by, _R. W. Fox_, xxxi, 373. ----, results from heat of, and decomposition, _W. Sturgeon_, xxxix, 29. ----, shocks from the calorimotor, how increased, _C. G. Page_, xxxi, 137.^f ----, size of plates, influence of, in, xxvii, 189. ----, theory of, _Prof. Pfaff_, xix, 178. ----, theory of, _R. Hare_, i, 413.^f ----, theory of, _Schönbein_, xxxviii, 119.

Galvanography, _von Kobell_, xlviii, 221.^f ----, _T. Spencer_, xl, 157.^f ----, fossils copied by, xlii, 327.

Galvano-ignition apparatus, _R. Hare_, xxxii, 282.^f

Galvanometer, _R. Hare's_ improved, xxvi, 359.^f ----, ----, rotary multiplier, xxxviii, 339.^f ----, _J. Henry_, on the application of, to electro-magnetic apparatus, xix, 400.^f ----, _J. Locke_, notice of a new, xxvi, 103^f, 378.^f ----, ----, large thermoscopic, xxxiii, 365. ----, _J. P. Emmet's_, new form of, xxvi, 311. ----, _C. G. Page_, on the use of, xxxii, 354.^f ----, ----, astatic or rotary, xxxiii, 376.^f ----, ----, axial, xlix, 136.^f ----, ----, circular, xxxv, 259.^f ----, modified, _W. B._ and _H. D. Rogers_, xxvii, 39.^f

Galvanoscope, a means of detecting the failure of water in steam boilers by, _C. G. Page_, xxxvi, 141.^f

Galvano-magnetic condenser, v, 394. ---- - ----, apparatus, _J. F. Dana_, vi, 330.^f ---- - ----, ----, Italian, v, 388.

Electro-chemical action, _G. D. Botto_, xxiv, 197; xxix, 369. ---- - ----, odor, _ozone_ the cause of, _Schönbein_, xli, 43.

Electro-dynamic induction of coils, _J. B. Zabriskie_, xxxii, 308.^f ---- - ----, ----, various experiments in, and principles deduced, _J. Henry_, xxxviii, 170, 209.^f ---- - ----, ----, observations on, _J. Henry_, xli, 117.^f ---- - ----, ----, two kinds of, _J. Henry_, xli, 129.^f ---- - ----, ----, theoretical considerations, _J. Henry_, xli, 135.^f

Electro-magnet, _Henry's_ large, xix, 408.^f ---- - ----, made for the Laboratory of Yale College, xx, 200. ---- - ----, a variety of, proposed, _J. Humbert_, xxxviii, 205. ---- - ----, _Mr. Ganby's_, xxix, 354. ---- - ----, _C. G. Page's_, xxxv, 253.^f ---- - ----, see farther under _Electro-magnetic apparatus_.

Electro-magnetic apparatus, _J. H. Abbot_, xl, 104.^f ---- - ---- ----, _P. Barlow_, v, 396.^f ---- - ---- ----, _A. W. Campbell's_ engine, xxxv, 343. ---- - ---- ----, _E. M. Clarke_, (magneto-electric) xxxiii, 213^f; --electrepeter, xxxiii, 224.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, modes of experimenting with, in decomposing water, xxxiii, 217.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, mode of giving shocks, xxxiii, 216.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, mode of scintillating iron wire, xxxiii, 219.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, mode of adjusting the intensity armature, xxxiii, 218.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, rotation by magnetic electricity, xxxiii, 221.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, mode of igniting charcoal, xxxiii, 222.^f ---- - ---- ----, _T. Davenport_, xxxii, Append. after 216; xxxiii, 193. ---- - ---- ----, ----, rotary, xxxii, 216^f, App., and 399. ---- - ---- ----, _T. Edmonson_, modification of Ampère's rotating, xxvi, 370.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, rotating armature, xxvi, 205^f; xxxii, 399. ---- - ---- ----, _J. Henry's_ application of a galvanic multiplier, xix, 400.^f ---- - ---- ----, _J. B. Joslin_, xxi, 86.^f ---- - ---- ----, _J. Locke_, and on magneto-electricity, xxxiv, 125.^f ---- - ---- ----, _B. R. McConnell's_ rotating, xxxiii, 188. ---- - ---- ----, _C. G. Page_, xxxiii, 191^f; xxxiv, 364; xlix, 131.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, double axial reciprocating engine, xlix, 139.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, with revolving armature, xxxvi, 350.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, _C. G. Page_, compound electro-magnet, xxxv, 253.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, electrotome, xxxv, 112^f, 253.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, reciprocating armature engine, xxxv, 263.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, with vibrating armature, xxxv, 267.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, circular galvanometers, xxxv, 259^f;--with double helix for inducing magnetism, xxxv, 261.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, electrepeter, new form of, xxxiii, 377^f; xxxv, 112.^f ---- - ---- ----, _W. H. Pepys_, vii, 195. ---- - ---- ----, _M. Pixii_, xxiv, 144, 146^f, 196. ---- - ---- ----, _J. B. Zabriskie_, model of engine, xxxii, 313.^f ---- - ---- ----, ----, rotating, xxxvi, 129.^f ---- - ---- currents, _A. de la Rive_, xxxiv, 6. ---- - ---- disc of _Arago_, xxiv, 143. ---- - ---- induction, see _Electro-dynamic_. ---- - ---- and magneto-electric formula, xxxv, 356.^f ---- - ---- properties of metalliferous veins, _R. W. Fox_, xx, 136. ---- - ---- telegraph, _S. F. B. Morse's_, xxxiii, 185.^f ---- - ---- ----, see farther, _Magneto-electric_.

Electro-magnetism, early experiments in, iii, 383; v, 391. ---- - ----, experiments in, _J. H. Abbot_, xl, 104.^f ---- - ----, _J. P. Emmet's_ discoveries (magneto-electric) in, xxiv, 78^f; xxvi, 311; xxviii, 331. ---- - ----, ----, on the cause of voltaic currents in, xxvi, 23.^f ---- - ----, _R. Hare's_ experiments, viii, 145. ---- - ----, _R. Hare's_ experiments, in confirmation of _Henry's_, xx, 143. ---- - ----, _M. Jacobi_ on, as a moving power, xl, 339. ---- - ----, ----, ibid, laws of, xl, 340. ---- - ----, _G. Moll's_ experiments in, xix, 329. ---- - ----, ---- experiments to determine how far galvanic surfaces could be diminished and retain magnetic power, xxvi, 177. ---- - ----, _C. G. Page's_ experiments on the application of, as a moving power, xxxiii, 118, 190^f; xxxv, 106. ---- - ----, _M. Pixii's_ experiments in, xxiv, 144, 146^f, 196. ---- - ----, _J. B. Zabriskie_, on the induction of metallic coils, xxxii, 308.^f

Electrometers, iii, 372.

Electrometer, single leaf, _R. Hare_, vii, 351^f; viii, 99; xxv, 136.^f

Electromotors, _S. Dal Negro_, xxvii, 189. ----, new property of elementary, _S. Dal Negro_, xxv, 193.

Electrography, gilding by, xli, 402. ----, _v. Kobell_ on, xlix, 221.

Electroscope, _R. Hare_, xxv, 136.^f

Electrotome, _C. G. Page_, xxxv, 112^f, 253.^f

Electrotype, account of, _T. Spencer_, xl, 157.^f

Elephant, death of, iv, 393. ---- of Siberia, xxvii, 353. ----, fossil, near Bloomfield, Ohio, xxv, 256. ----, ----, Jackson Co., Ohio, xxxiv, 358^f, 363.^f ----, ---- remains, Irondiquot Creek, xxxii, 377. ---- bones and Mylodon (?) from Oregon, _H. C. Perkins_, xlii, 136.^f ---- ----, from near Beering's Straits, xvi, 382. ---- tooth, from near the shores of Lake Erie, xiv, 31.

Elevation above the ocean of some heights in Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania and New York, _C. Whittlesey_, xlv, 12. ---- ---- ibid in western New York and of Lake Erie, _C. Dewey_, xxxiii, 122. ---- ---- ---- in Wisconsin, _I. A. Lapham_, xlvi, 258.

Elevation, _Hopkins'_ theoretical views respecting the geological phenomena of, xxxi, 365. ----, _G. E. Hayes_, on the effects of the ocean in western New York, during, xxxv, 86. ----, _W. W. Mather_ on causes of, in rise of sedimentary rocks of United States, xlix, 284. ----, _H. D._ and _W. B. Rogers_, theory of, xliv, 360. ---- of Ceylon, evidence of, vi, 194. ---- of the coast of Chili, xxviii, 236; xxx, 110. ---- ---- ---- and South America, _C. Darwin_, xxxiii, 100. ---- of the banks of the Mississippi, 1811, _F. C. Usher_, xxxi, 294.^f ---- of Sweden, _C. Lyell_, xxviii, 72, 387; xxix, 363. ---- of the Scandinavian coast, _L. Beamish_, xlvii, 184. ---- of Dominica, St. Christopher's, St. Eustatia and Saba, West Indies, indicated by raised coral reefs, iv, 218.

Elizabeth Islands, vii, 240.^f

Elk of Ireland, iv, 246. ----, fossil bones of, in North Carolina, xxvii, 170.

_Ellet, W. H._, on the compounds of cyanogen, xviii, 329.

Ellipses, mode of drawing, _S. De Witt_, xxiv, 369.^f ----, on the rectification of, _C. Wilder_, xviii, 38.^f

Elliptic motion, _T. Strong_, xxx, 248.

Elm-tree moth, parasite of the eggs of, xxxviii, 385. ----, destruction of the eggs of, by a parasite, _E. C. Herrick_, xl, 211.

Embalming, remarks on the mode of, xii, 183. ----, _J. N. Gannal's_ new process, xl, 194.

Emerald in Africa, ii, 354.

_Emerson, G. B._, biographical notice of A. P. De Candolle, xlii, 217.

Emery of Saxony, xxiv, 377.

_Emmet, J. P._, on formic acid, xxxii, 140. ----, ammoniacal salts, solvent and oxydating powers of, xviii, 255. ----, iodide of potassium a test for arsenic, xviii, 58. ----, electro-magnetism and thermo-electricity, xxvi, 311. ----, ----, new discoveries in, xxiv, 78.^f ----, ----, cause of currents in, xxvi, 23.^f ----, solidification of raw gypsum, xxiii, 209. ----, a mode of producing sparks and galvanic currents from the horse-shoe magnet, xxiv, 78.^f

Emmonite, supposed new mineral, _T. Thomson_, xxxi, 171.

_Emmons, E._, birds of spring, time of appearance in Williamstown, Mass., 1831-33, xxvi, 208. ----, circulation in vegetables, xxvi, 99. ----, granitic veins and beds of Chester, Mass., viii, 250. ----, Grevilleanum serratum, a new species of moss, xi, 183.^f ----, metamorphic changes by artificial heat, in sandstone, xlv, 146. ----, rainmarks in the Potsdam sandstone, xlv, 316. ----, strontianite in the U. States, xxvii, 182.

Enamel for porcelain, v, 189.

Enamelled cast iron vessels in Bohemia, xlix, 400.

Encroachment of the sea, near New York, _W. W. Mather_, xxxvi, 16.

Endogenites, vii, 179.

Enfield's Natural Philosophy, review of, iii, 125.

England, population of, xxiv, 211.

_Engelmann, G._, Braun's monography of N. American Equiseta, with additions, xlvi, 81. ----, Braun's Charæ of N. America, xlvi, 92. ----, catalogue of a collection of plants in Illinois and Missouri, xlvi, 94. ----, monograph of the N. American Cuscutineæ, xliii, 333^f; xlv, 73. ----, a mode of cupellation, xlii, 394.

Engine, explosive, of _S. Morey_, account of, xi, 104. ----, steam, see _Steam engine_.

English lexicography, contributions to, _J. W. Gibbs_, xxxiii, 324; xli, 28, 32; xlv, 96.

Engraving, a mode of enlarging, ii, 342. ----, a mode of biting-in, on steel, x, 194. ----, in _taille douce_, iv, 192. ---- on steel, _Perkins's_ invention, iii, 353.

Epicycloid, on the, _E. F. Johnson_, xxi, 280.^f

Epidemics, in Paris, during past years, xxv, 197.

Epidote of Franconia, N. H., account of, _C. U. Shepard_, xviii, 129.^f ----, crystals from Haddam, Ct., xlvi, 380.^f ----, localities of, in Canada, viii, 62. ----, ----, in N. Carolina, v, 262. ----, ----, in Connecticut, i, 354; ii, 240; vi, 223; viii, 258; xii, 170; xviii, 361. ----, ----, in Delaware, xiv, 11. ----, ----, Massachusetts, i, 114; iii, 364; vi, 223; vii, 253; viii, 235; ix, 43. ----, ----, New Hampshire, ii, 241; vi, 245; viii, 235; xviii, 129. ----, ----, in New Jersey, v, 243. ----, ----, in New York, ii, 241; iv, 47; vii, 58; ix, 41. ----, ----, in Pennsylvania, viii, 238; xiv, 6. ----, ----, in Rhode Island, iv, 285; x, 10. ----, ----, in Vermont, vii, 58; xvii, 354.

Epistilbite and Heulandite, identity of, xiii, 185.

Equations, differential of the second order, integration of, _T. Strong_, xlii, 273. ---- of the fourth degree, on the resolution of, xviii, 276. ---- of the third and fourth degree, method of resolving, _A. C. Twining_, ix, 86.

Equilibrium between living and dead forces, condition of, _R. H. Fauntleroy_, xlvii, 241.^f

Equinoxes, precession of, vii, 323^f; viii, 132, 139.^f

Equiseta, N. American, _A. Braun's_ monograph, with additions by _G. Engelmann_, xlvi, 81.

Equisetum arvense, xlvi, 83. ---- boreale, xlvi, 90. ---- eburneum, xlvi, 84. ---- giganteum, xlvi, 91. ---- hyemale, xlvi, 89. ---- lævigatum, xlvi, 87. ---- limosum, xlvi, 86. ---- palustre, xlvi, 85. ---- pratense, xlvi, 85. ---- robustum, xlvi, 88. ---- scirpoides, xlvi, 91. ---- sylvaticum, xlvi, 84. ---- variegatum, xlvi, 90.

Equivalents, chemical, _Wollaston's_ scale of, xvi, 371. ----, ----, ----, improved, _L. C. Beck_ and _J. Henry_, xiv, 202. ----, ----, circular scale of, _J. Finch_, xviii, 196.

Eremite, a new mineral, _C. U. Shepard_, xxxii, 341.^f ----, crystallographic examination of, _J. D. Dana_, xxxiii, 70.^f ----, identical with monazite, _J. D. Dana_, xlv, 402.^f

Ergot of rye, _W. Tully, M. D._, ii, 45. ----, remarks on, xii, 398. ----, on the origin of, _M. Field_, ix, 359.

Erie canal, tolls on, x, 398.

Erratic blocks, over the northern parts of England, _Prof. Phillips_, xxxi, 360. ---- ----, ibid, _R. I. Murchison_, xxxi, 375. ---- ---- and glaciers in Switzerland, _Agassiz_, xli, 59, 190. ---- ---- of the North of Germany, xxviii, 389. ---- ----, large, in Invernesshire, vi, 158. ---- ---- and diluvial scratches, in the U. States, xli, 174. ---- ---- in New England, their positions attributed to a retiring ocean, ix, 28. ---- ---- in Rhode Island, _C. T. Jackson_, xl, 184. ---- ---- in Maine, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 152. ---- ---- in the Connecticut valley, vi, 85. ---- ---- in western New York, xxxvi, 39. ---- ---- in New York, about the sources of the Hudson and to the southward, xxxiii, 304, 315. ---- ---- on Long Island, xxxvi, 20. ---- ---- of Labrador feldspar, near Pompton, New Jersey, v, 241. ---- ---- of Ohio, _D._ and _I. A. Lapham_, xxii, 300. ---- ----, in the valley of the Muskingum, xxix, 11. ---- ---- in Illinois, xxxiv, 141. ---- ---- in Indiana, _J. T. Plummer_, xliv, 296^f, 303. ---- ---- of gneiss and granite on the Côteau des Prairies, _G. Catlin_, xxxviii, 142. ---- ---- of the Canadian lakes and valley of the St. Lawrence, _C. Lyell_, xlvi, 314. ---- ---- the origin of, remarks on, _P. Dobson_, x, 217. ---- ---- _Murchison's_ citation of _Dobson's_ views on, xliii, 200. ---- ---- transported by ice, in the polar current, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxii, 351. ---- ---- on the supposed transportation of, _J. E. DeKay_, xiii, 348. ---- ---- buoyancy of, at great depths, xxviii, 111. ---- ---- gravel, &c., remarks on, _Sedgwick_, xxxiii, 287. ---- ---- theory of, _B. Struder_, xxxvi, 325. ---- glacial theory of _Agassiz_, xlii, 352.^f ---- see farther under _Drift_ and _Scratches_.

Erythronium, supposed new metal, xx, 386.

Esophagotomy, iv, 383.

_Espy, J. P._, views on storms, xxxix, 120; xl, 327. ----, ---- ----, notice of, by _A. D. Bache_, xxxv, 280. ----, on the causes of the daily fluctuations of the barometer, xli, 42. ----, meteorological enterprise of, xliv, 212.

Esquimaux Indians, remarks on, xvi, 145.

Essential oils, reaction of, with sulphurous acid, _R. Hare_, xxxi, 281.

Essex county, (N. Y.) mountains of, and the sources of the Hudson, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxiii, 301.^f

Etching glass with fluor spar, vi, 354.^f

Etna, ascent of, _S. L. Johnson_, xxvi, 1. ----, crater of, xxvi, 7. ----, earthquakes in 1823, ix, 216. ----, observations on, _E. de Beaumont_, xxxi, 168. ----, luminous flames at, xxxi, 169. ----, geological structure of, _F. Ferrara_, viii, 201.

Ether in space, idea of, when introduced, xxxiii, 1. ---- ----, resistance to motion of heavenly bodies, xvii, 389. ---- ----, examination of the theory of, _R. W. Haskins_, xxxiii, 1. ----, boracic, xlviii, 189. ----, chloric, new mode of obtaining, _S. Guthrie_, xxi, 64. ----, hydriodic, _M. Serullas_, xviii, 161. ----, hyponitrous, _R. Hare_, xxxv, 329. ----, nitrous, new process for, _R. Hare_, ii, 326. ----, nitric, process for, _R. Hare_, xxxiii, 241.^f ----, œnanthic, xxxii, 381. ----, perchloric, _C. Hare_ and _M. H. Boyé_, xl, 50, 382; xlii, 63. ----, silicic, xlix, 192. ----, sulpho-cyanic, xvii, 377. ----, sulphuric, on the manufacture of, xxii, 199. ----, sulphurous, _R. Hare_, xxxi, 275. ----, ----, and sulphate of etherine, _R. Hare_, xxxi, 275. ----, vaporization of, vi, 396. ----, action of, on sulphate of indigo, xxiv, 371. ----, odor of wines due to a peculiar, xxxii, 381 (œnanthic ether.)

Ethers of the vegetable acids, method of preparing, xlvii, 197. ----, and benzoic compounds, formulas for, _Wöhler_ and _Liebig_, xxvi, 285.

Etherine, sulphate of, _R. Hare_, xxxi, 275. ----, sulphate of, on the destructive distillation of, _C. Hare_, xxxvi, 76.

Ethule, perchlorate of the oxide of, _C. Hare_ and _M. H. Boyé_, xlii, 63.

Euchlorine, preparation of, vi, 164.

Eudiometer, improved, _R. Hare_, ii, 312^f; x, 67^f; xii, 36^f; xxxvii, 383. ----, barometer gauge, _R. Hare_, xxxii, 280.^f ----, subsidiary, _R. Hare_, xv, 271.^f

Eudiometry, theory of action of nitrous gas in, _J. F. Dana_, vii, 338. ----, new mode, with nitric oxyd, and apparatus for, _R. Hare_, xv, 262-271.^f

Eupatorium huaco, xxiv, 279.

Europe, northern, rock formations of, xvii, 16. ----, physical geography of, _G. F. Schouw_, xxi, 127. ----, education in, see _Education_.

Eupyrchroite of Emmons, a phosphate of lime, _L. C. Beck_, xl, 77; xlvi, 32.

Evaporation, mode of accelerating, ix, 203. ---- by means of bladders, xv, 392. ---- of ice, xvi, 390. ---- of spirits, iii, 376.

Excavations of basins or pot-holes by water, in the Green Mts., Vt., vi, 252.

Exhilarating gas, effects of, in two cases, v, 194.

_Exley, T._, specific gravities of nitrogen, oxygen, chlorine, vapors of carbon, sulphur, arsenic, phosphorus, xxxv, 298.

Exogenites, vii, 179.

Exogyra, see ZOOLOGY, _Mollusca_.

Expansion of solid bodies, instrument for, _W. W. Mather_, xxx, 324.^f

Expedition, exploring, under L. Cass, ii, 178. ----, ----, U. States, under Lieut. Wilkes, U. S. N., officers of, xxxv, 192. ----, ----, ----, progress of, xxxvi, 195; xxxvii, 189, 398; xxxviii, 387; xxxix, 193. ----, ----, ----, discoveries of, in the Antarctic regions, xl, 394; xlix, 150. ----, ----, ----, return of, xliii, 208. ----, ----, ----, course and abstract of results, xliv, 393. ----, ----, ----, account of, xlix, 149. ----, ----, Antarctic, of the Chanticleer, notice of, xviii, 188. ----, ----, British Antarctic, under Ross, proposed, xxxvii, 397; xlii, 153; sailed, xxxviii, 204. ----, ----, French, to the Antarctic regions, xxxix, 201.

Explorations, polar, account of, xvi, 124. ----, ----, French, of Capt. Freycenet, iv, 391. ----, ----, ----, of Capt. D'Urville, xxxiii, 206. ----, ----, ----, ibid, to Antarctic regions, xxxix, 201. ----, ----, ----, of the Bonite, xxxiv, 219.

Exploring expedition, see _Expedition_.

Explosion, singular, iv, 400. ---- of hydrogen and oxygen, with remarks on Hemming's safety tube, _J. W. Webster_, xxxvii, 104. ----, from the action of nitric acid on phosphorus, xvi, 366. ----, submarine, ii, 95.

Explosive engine, by _S. Morey_, xi, 104.

Eye, mode of accommodation of, to different distances, _W. C. Wallace_, xxvii, 216.^f ----, mode of exhibiting the blood vessels of, xxi, 166. ----, muscle attached to the lens of, _W. C. Wallace_, xxxv, 291; --remarks on, _D. Brewster_, xxxv, 291. ----, cause of _muscæ volitantes_ in, _D. Brewster_, xl, 333. ----, remarks on the retina, _W. C. Wallace_, xxviii, 278. ----, sensibility of the retina, explanation of facts in natural magic, xxxiii, 258. ----, on cataract or disease of, _D. Brewster_, xxxi, 368. ---- of fishes, discovery of a muscle in, _W. C. Wallace_, xxvi, 394. ---- of the Halibut, dissection of, _W. C. Wallace_, xxvi, 393.^f ---- of the shark, vitreous humor of, _J. Herschel_, xxxv, 293. ---- of the streaked bass, dissection of, _W. C. Wallace_, xxvii, 216.^f ---- of different birds and reptiles, sclerotic bones of, xxxiii, 289. ---- infirmaries in U. States, ix, 399.

F.

Fac similes of writing taken by means of fusible metal, v, 186.

Fair at Leipsic, iv, 392; vii, 381. ----, in Russia, iv, 392.

Falls of the Cuyahoga, xxxi, 45.^f ----, on the Genesee river, xviii, 209.^f ----, Niagara and its vicinity, xi, 213.^f ----, ----, on the retrograde movement of, _H. D. Rogers_, xxvii, 326.^f ----, the Tockoa and Tallulah, in Georgia, notice of, _A. Foster_, xiv, 209. ----, on White River, Green Mountains, Vt., vi, 252.

_Faraday, M._, deflagrator, improved, xxxii, 170. ----, electric induction, in reply to _R. Hare_, xxxix, 108; xlii, 291. ----, ---- ----, reply to, of _R. Hare_, xli, 1. ----, gases, condensation of, vii, 352. ----, ----, liquefaction and solidification of, xlix, 373. ----, views of, on the nature of atoms, objected to, _R. Hare_, xlviii, 247. ----, vaporization, limits to, xxi, 151.

_Farey, J._, on musical intervals, ii, 65.

Fasciculite, _E. Hitchcock_, vi, 226.^f

Fata Morgana at Gibraltar, xxix, 215.^f

_Fauntleroy, R. H._, condition of equilibrium between living and dead forces, xlvii, 241.^f

_Faust, E. D._, on the detection of adulterations of various substances, xix, 70.

Favosites, see ZOOLOGY, _Radiata_.

Feathers, to restore damaged, xxi, 372.

_Featherstonhaugh, G. W._, geological report on part of the country west of the Mississippi, notice of, xxviii, 379; xxxii, 185.

Febrifuge, new, xxiv, 375.

Fedia radiata, iv, 57. ---- umbilicata, xlii, 50.

Feed for cattle, xxii, 202. ---- ----, of beets, xxii, 201.

Fees for admission to various foreign societies, xx, 165.

Feldspar from Bytown, L. C., analysis of, _T. Thomson_, xxxi, 173. ----, and serpentine, containing titanium, xii, 187. ----, artificial, xxviii, 396. ----, localities of, in Canada, viii, 65. ----, ----, in Connecticut, i, 353; vi, 221; vii, 253. ----, ----, in Delaware, ix, 246. ----, ----, in Massachusetts, i, 113; vii, 251, 252; xxxv, 192. ----, ----, in New Hampshire, xvii, 355. ----, ----, in New Jersey, v, 246. ----, ----, in New York, iv, 37, 47; xix, 227; xxv, 348. ----, ----, in Pennsylvania, x, 220; xiv, 13. ----, green, in Massachusetts, vii, 251, 252; xxxv, 192. ----, iridescent, in Pennsylvania, xiv, 13.

_Fellenberg's, M. de_, colony of little Robinsons, xiii, 165.

Fence, thorn, x, 167.

_Fenn, H. N._, on the manufacture of glass, xvi, 112.^f

Fermentation, acetic, process for hastening, xxii, 195.

Ferns, on the vascular system of, _J. W. Bailey_, xxxv, 113.^f ---- and mosses of the United States, synoptical table of, _L. C. Beck_, xv, 287. ----, see _Botany_.

Ferro-cyanate (per), of iron, or prussian blue, xviii, 332. ---- ----, see _Prussian blue_.

Ferro-cyanate of potash, xviii, 331.

Ferro-cyanic acid, xviii, 330.

Fetid odor of limestones, cause of, _L. C. Beck_, xlv, 335.

_Feuchtwanger, L._, remarks on arsenic, xix, 339.^f ----, on the mode of making vinegar, xxxi, 272.^f

Fevers, on remittent and intermittent, _J. McCulloch_, xviii, 338.

Fibrine, albumen and caseine, _Scheerer_ on the isomerism of animal, with vegetable, xliii, 402. ----, butyric acid from, xlviii, 186.

Fibrolite, in Delaware, x, 224.

Ficoidites scabrosus, xxxi, 31.^f

_Field, M._, on the origin of ergot, ix, 359. ----, meteorological registers, xii, 364; xvi, 288; xviii, 366; xx, 261^f; xxii, 298; xxiv, 361. ----, profile mountain, in N. H., xiv, 64.^f

Figures of crystals, on the drawing of, _J. D. Dana_, xxxiii, 30.^f

Filicites, generic characters of, vii, 181.

Filter, _Dumont's_, and prepared charcoal, xxiii, 346.^f

Filtration, xxviii, 150.

_Finch, J._, atomic theory, remarks on, xiv, 24. ----, chemical equivalents, circular scale of, xviii, 196. ----, celtic antiquities of America, vii, 149. ----, forts about Boston, viii, 338. ----, geology of Pennsylvania, Easton, viii, 236.^f ----, ---- ----, vicinity of Westchester, xiv, 15. ----, ---- New York, St. Lawrence Co., xix, 220. ----, ---- ----, tertiary formations of the borders of the Hudson, x, 227. ----, sandstone, new or variegated, of the U. States, x, 209.^f ----, U. States tertiary formations, vii, 31. ----, physical geography, influence of, on the boundaries of nations, xiv, 18; xvi, 99.

Finland, comforts of traveling in, iii, 378.

Fire, Chinese, on the composition of, _J. Cutbush_, vii, 118. ----, Greek, _J. Cutbush_ on, vi, 302. ---- in chimneys, extinguishment of, by sulphur, xix, 186. ----, on protection from, or securing houses against, xxv, 290; xxvi, 286. ----, whirlwinds produced by, xxxvi, 50. ---- arms, manufacture of, by _E. Whitney_, xxi, 237.

Firebricks, made at Bennington, Vt., for the iron furnace, xxxii, 195; xxxiii, 202.

Fire damp, chemical examination of, _E. Turner_, xxxvii, 201.

Firemen, preservation of, against fire by asbestos, xviii, 177; xx, 96.^f

Firestones, used in glass manufactories, notice of, x, 19. ----, localities of, in the U. States, x, 20. ----, ----, in Rhode Island, viii, 232; x, 20; xl, 184.

Fish, double, _S. Churchill_, xxvi, 116.^f ---- of Hudson river, xx, 150. ----, Chinese method of hatching, viii, 381. ----, preserved by sugar, viii, 391. ----, fall of, from the atmosphere in India, _M. Prinsep_, xxxii, 199. ----, the limits of their occurrence in high latitudes, vi, 383. ----, removal from salt to fresh water, xl, 405. ----, see farther under _Zoology_. ----, fossil, remarks on, _R. I. Murchison_, xxxiv, 46. ----, ----, of England and Scotland, xxviii, 75. ----, ----, American, _W. C. Redfield_, xli, 24. ----, ----, ----, identified from fossil teeth, _L. Agassiz_, xxviii, 276. ----, ----, in the Connecticut valley, _E. Hitchccock_, vi, 76.^f ----, ----, ----, at Sunderland, Mass., _E. Hitchcock_, iii, 222, 365. ----, ----, ----, at Middletown, _D. L. H._, xxxiv, 198. ----, ----, ----, at Southbury, xxvii, 354. ----, ----, in New Jersey, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxvi, 186; xliv, 134^f; xlv, 314. ----, ----, ----, and Connecticut, identical, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxvi, 186. ----, ----, ----, in red sandstone, _Prof. Gale_, xxxv, 192. ----, ----, in Pennsylvania, at Blossburg, Holoptychus nobilissimus, xlii, 233. ----, ----, in Virginia, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxiv, 201. ----, ----, see farther under _Zoology_.

Fishes, notice of _L. Agassiz's_ works on, xxviii, 193; xxxiv, 46, 212; xxxix, 390; xlv, 211. ----, abstract of _Agassiz's_ work on fossil, xxx, 33. ----, notice of W. Yarrell's British, xxxvii, 167.

Fish skins, new mode of preserving for museums, xxxvi, 196.

_Fisher, A. M._, on musical temperament, i, 9^f, 176.^f ----, on improvements in the construction of the printing press, and its theory, iii, 311.^f ----, on maxima and minima of two variable quantities, v, 82. ----, review of Enfield's Philosophy, iii, 125. ----, obituary of, v, 367.

_Fisher, Lieut. Col._, discourse by, at Schaffhausen, ix, 368.

Fissures, capillary action of, viii, 377. ----, of the ground by frost, in Deerfield, Mass., _E. Hitchcock_, iii, 286.^f ----, see farther, _Dike_.

Five, the most favorite number of nature, xvi, 172.

Flame, effect of vapor on, _J. F. Dana_, i, 401. ----, theory of, xiii, 179. ---- of lamp, curious effect of a current of air on, xxxii, 88.^f

Flax, the milkweed a substitute for, xxvii, 384.

Flexure of rocks caused by earthquake undulations, _H. D._ and _W. B. Rogers_, xliv, 361; xlv, 345; xlvii, 276.

Flies, shower of, xxii, 375.

_Flint_, on earthquakes in the Mississippi, xv, 366.

Floating Islands, _A. Pettengill_, xii, 122.

Flœrken, on the genus, _C. S. Rafinesque_, i, 373.

Flood in the valley of the Ohio, Feb., 1832, xxiv, 133.

Flora Cestrica, _W. Darlington_, notice of, xii, 177. ---- Græca, _Sibthorp_ and _Smith_, announced, i, 435. ---- Lusitanica, _Link_ and _Hoffmansegg_, i, 435. ---- Neapolitana, _Tenore_, announced, i, 435.

Floral calendar, Massachusetts, at Deerfield, _D. Cooley_, ii, 254. ---- ----, ----, ----, _S. W. Williams_, i, 359. ---- ----, ----, at Plainfield, _J. Porter_, i, 254; iii, 273. ---- ----, Ohio, at Marietta, S. _P. Hildreth_, for 1829, xviii, 368; --for 1840, xl, 347; --for 1842, xliv, 348; --for 1843, xlvi, 278; --for 1844, xlviii, 289; see farther, _Mr. Hildreth's_ meteorological registers for other years, for various miscellaneous notices. ---- ----, in Pennsylvania, _C. S. Rafinesque_, i, 77. ---- ----, in New York, Herkimer Co., for 1826, 1827, _A. W. Bowen_, xvi, 48.

Floridas, agriculture, scenery, geology, &c. of, _J. Pierce_, ix, 119. ----, shell rock of, ix, 123. ----, East, account of, _H. Whiting_, xxxv, 47. ----, ----, alligators of, xxxv, 52. ----, ----, climate, xxxv, 63. ----, ----, coral shores, xxxv, 60. ----, ----, everglades, xxxv, 53. ----, ----, forests with the gray moss, xxxv, 50. ----, ----, Fort Taylor, xxxv, 52. ----, ----, lagoons of the coast, xxxv, 54. ----, ----, mangroves, xxxv, 55. ----, ----, productions of, xxxv, 56. ----, ----, potato of, xxxv, 60. ----, ----, quarries of St. Augustine, xxxv, 61. ----, ----, savannahs, xxxv, 52. ----, ----, soil, xxxv, 57. ----, ----, St. John's river, xxxv, 48. ----, ----, sulphur springs, xxxv, 51.

Flour, potato, used in making bread, xvi, 391. ----, detection of, in wheat, xvii, 173. ---- from leguminous fruits, vii, 189.

Flowers, double, produced by depriving flowers of their anthers, _E. T. Leitner_, xxiii, 45.

_Floyd, J._, hurricane near Calcutta, of April, 1838, xxxvi, 71. Fluidity of the earth's centre, _L. Cordier_, xv, 109, 117. ----, ----, ----, _Fourier_, xxxii, 1.

Fluids, compression of, xxi, 381. ----, revolving motion in, xix, 391. ----, resistance of, _L. R. Gibbes_, xxvii, 135. ----, ----, _A. Bourne_, xxviii, 231. ----, resistance of, _E. W. Blake_, xxix, 274; xxx, 359. ----, ----, _Russell_, xxix, 351. ----, ----, _G. W. Keely_, xxviii, 318^f; xxx, 164; xxxi, 111. ----, upward forces of, _E. C. Genet_, xi, 110, 339^f; xii, 94, 310; xiii, 377. ----, ---- ----, _T. P. Jones_, in reply to _E. C. Genet_, xiii, 79.

Fluor-spar, of Canada, viii, 71. ----, of Connecticut, ii, 141; v, 254; vi, 212. ----, of Indiana, (Shawneetown,) i, 52; ii, 176; iii, 243, 367. ----, of Massachusetts, i, 136; iv, 50; v, 405, 407; vii, 54. ----, of New Hampshire, xviii, 133, 291; xxxiv, 117. ----, of New Jersey, v, 246. ----, of New York, iii, 235, 367; xxviii, 176. ----, of Pennsylvania, x, 221; xiv, 5. ----, of Rhode Island, viii, 231; ix, 46. ----, of Tennessee, iv, 51. ----, of Vermont, iv, 43, 188; v, 272; vii, 59. ----, of Virginia, iii, 243; iv, 277. ----, of Sicily, viii, 205. ----, chlorophane variety in Connecticut, ii, 141; v, 254; vi, 212. ----, new phenomenon of color in, xxxv, 295.

Fluoric acid in mica, ii, 376. ---- ----, its application to etching glass, vi, 354.^f ---- ---- and fluates, xiv, 387.

Fluoride of iodine, _H. B. Leeson_, xlix, 205.

Fluorine in bones, notice of investigations regarding, xlvii, 419. ---- ----, _J. L. Smith_, xlvii, 131. ---- ----, source of, _J. L. Smith_, xlviii, 99. ---- in recent bones, _C. Daubeny_, xlviii, 186.

Fluxions, a theory of, _E. Wright_, xiv, 330^f; xv, 196; xvi, 53.^f ----, solution of a problem in, _T. Strong_, xvi, 283; xvii, 69, 329; xviii, 67. (See _Forces_, next page.)

Fluxional ratio, application of, _E. Wright_, xxiv, 298^f; xxv, 93.^f

Flying in the air, _De Chabrier's_ views on, xix, 395.

Fogs, remarks on, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxiii, 54. ----, on the formation of, _W. M. Carpenter_, xliv, 40. ----, polar, xiv, 378.

Food for sheep, different kinds of, xxiii, 393.

_Foot, L._, on Indian summers, xxx, 8. ----, notices in geology and mineralogy, iv, 35.

Footprints, American, _E. Hitchcock_ on, in Connecticut valley, xxix, 307^f; xxxi, 174; xli, 165; xlvii, 113, 292^f, 390; xlviii, 61. ----, ----, ----, general table of, xxxii, 174. ----, ----, ----, general review of, with descriptions of species, xlvii, 113, 304.^f ----, ----, ----, miscellaneous remarks upon, xlviii, 61. ----, ----, ----, reply to _J. Deane_, xlvii, 390. ----, ----, _J. Deane_ on, in the Connecticut valley, xlv, 178; xlvi, 73^f; xlvii, 381; xlviii, 158^f; xlix, 79^f, 213.^f ----, ----, ----, discovery of, xlvii, 381. ----, ----, ----, at Turner's falls, Mass., xlvi, 73.^f ----, ----, ----, batrachian, in the Connecticut river sandstone, xlix, 79^f, 213.^f ----, ----, ----, reply of, to _E. Hitchcock_, xlvii, 399. ----, ----, _C. Lyell_ on, in the Connecticut valley, xlv, 394. ----, ----, _W. C. Redfield_, notice of fossil, at Middletown, Ct., xxxiii, 201. ----, ----, ----, in new red sandstone of New Jersey, xliv, 134. ----, ----, _anon._, in sandstone at Middletown, Ct., xxxi, 165. ----, ----, _A. T. King_ on, in Westmoreland Co., Pa., xlviii, 217, 343^f; xlix, 216.^f ----, ----, _H. R. Schoolcraft_, on human, in limestone near St. Louis, v, 223.^f ----, ----, _anon._, remarks on ibid, xxxiii, 398. ----, ----, _D. D. Owen_, ibid, xliii, 14.^f ----, ----, _W. A. Adams_, ibid, xliv, 200. ----, foreign, in England, in Cheshire, (Cheirotherium,) xxxvi, 397; xliv, 370. ----, ----, ----, near Liverpool, xxxv, 307. ----, ----, ----, near Shrewsbury, xxxviii, 127. ----, ----, ----, of Cheirotherium, at the Storeton quarries, xxxvi, 394; xxxvii, 223. ----, ----, in Germany, at Hildburghausen, xxx, 191. ----, ----, in Saxony, _B. Cotta_, xxxviii, 255.^f ----, ----, in Scotland, xiv, 394; xv, 84. ----, remark on localities, xxxi, 164. ----, bearing of the discovery of Dinornis on, xlviii, 199.

Foraminifera in the green sand of New Jersey, xli, 213.

_Forbes, J. D._, absorption of light by the atmosphere, xlvi, 200. ----, on radiant heat, xl, 313. ----, polarization of heat, and on the claims of discovery, xl, 317. ----, Bakerian lecture, notice of, xlvi, 200. ----, Travels in the Alps, notice of, xlvi, 172.

Forces, central, of bodies revolving about fixed axes, _J. Martin_, xxxix, 262.^f ----, ----, _T. Strong_, xvi, 283; xvii, 69, 329; xviii, 67; xix, 46; xx, 65, 291; xxi, 66, 334; xxii, 132, 342; xxiv, 40. ----, composition and resolution of, _T. Strong_, xxviii, 85. ----, parallelogram of, _T. Strong_, xxvi, 304; xxix, 345. ----, ----, _A. C. Twining_, xlvi, 324.^f ----, condition of equilibrium between living and dead, xlvii, 241.^f

Forgery, a mode of preventing, _J. Atwater_ and _S. S. Jocelyn_, xv, 398.

_Forman, J._, salt formation of Salina and elsewhere, New York, xix, 141.

Formic acid, artificial, vii, 197. ---- ----, on the production of, xix, 374. ---- ----, ----, _M. Döbereiner_, xxviii, 126. ---- ----, ----, _Göbel's_ observations on, xxviii, 127. ---- ----, utility of, and theory of its formation, _J. P. Emmet_, xxxii, 140.

_Forry, S._, on the climate of the U. States, and general distribution of heat over the globe, xlvii, 18^f, 221. ----, notice of a work on the climate of the U. States, by, xliv, 193.

_Forshey, C. G._, Indian mounds and relics near Natchez, xl, 376. ----, ---- ---- in Louisiana, xlix, 38.^f ----, on the meteors of April, 1841, xlii, 397.

Forts around Boston, _J. Finch_, viii, 338.

Fort Lawrence, account of, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxxi, 57. ---- Macintosh, notice of, xxxi, 19. ---- Taylor, xxxv, 52. ---- Winnebago, geology of region about, _D. Ruggles_, xxx, 1.^f

Fortifications, ancient Indian, in Missouri, iii, 37. ----, ---- ----, _S. Taylor_, xliv, 35.^f ----, ---- ----, see farther under _Mounds_.

Fossils, means of copying by a galvanic deposit, xlii, 327. ----, use of, in geology, _A. Brongniart_, viii, 213. ----, observations, on ibid, _J. E. Doornik_, xv, 90.

Fossil fish, see _Fish_ and also under _Zoology_. ---- footprints, see _Footprints_. ---- vertebral remains in Connecticut valley sandstone, _E. Hitchcock_, xxix, 330. ---- trilobites, see under _Trilobites_. ---- rainmarks, see _Rainmarks_. ---- human bones in Upper Saxony, v, 171. ---- ---- ---- in Guadaloupe, skull, xxxii, 361. ---- ---- ---- in South America, xliv, 277.

Fossils, no freshwater species, in the Medina sandstone, xlii, 230. ----, American, geographical distribution of, in the United States, _J. Hall_, xlv, 157. ----, ----, remarks on ibid, _H. D. Rogers_, _D. Houghton_, xlv, 160. ----, ----, some species of, _T. Say_, i, 381; ii, 34. ----, ----, Polythalamia, _J. W. Bailey_, xli, 400^f; xlv, 313; xlviii, 340.^f ----, ----, in Alabama, tertiary, _I. Lea_, xxv, 419. ----, ----, ----, ----, _H. C. Lea_, xl, 92.^f ----, ----, in Canada, in caves, ix, 354. ----, ----, in Connecticut, bones in new red sandstone, ii, 146; iii, 247; vi, 43. ----, ----, in Connecticut valley, shells, &c., vi, 76^f, 80.^f ----, ----, in Georgia, silicified by thermal waters, xxv, 165. ----, ----, ----, mammals, Brunswick canal, _R. Harlan_, xliii, 141.^f ----, ----, ----, bones, _C. U. Shepard_, xxv, 164. ----, ----, in Kentucky, Big Bone Lick, bones, xviii, 139. ----, ----, ----, report on ibid, by Messrs. _Cooper_, _Smith_ and _DeKay_, xx, 370. ----, ----, in Louisiana, tooth, _W. M. Carpenter_, xlii, 390.^f ----, ----, in Maryland tertiary, list of, _I. Lea_, xxv, 422. ----, ----, in Michigan, on Lake Huron, iii, 270^f, 271.^f ----, ----, Mississippi, bones near the river, _R. Harlan_, xiv, 186. ----, ----, in New Jersey, general remarks on, vi, 240. ----, ----, ----, cretaceous. (See _Cretaceous_, on following page.) ----, ----, ----, corals, xlvii, 213. ----, ----, in N. York, in review of N. Y. geological reports, xlvii, 354^f; xlviii, 296.^f ----, ----, ----, on distribution of, xlvi, 143; xlvii, 117. ----, ----, ----, in Kaatskill Mts., ii, 13. ----, ----, ----, at Corlear's hook, ii, 371. ----, ----, in North Carolina, marl pits, _H. B. Croom_, xxvii, 168. ----, ----, ----, bones, from Lenoir Co., xl, 405. ----, ----, in Nova Scotia, in iron ore, xv, 201. ----, ----, in Ohio, and Ohio valley, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxix, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, microscopic from marl slate near Cincinnati, _J. Hall_, xlviii, 292. ----, ----, in Oregon, elephant bones and mylodon, _H. C. Perkins_, xlii, 136.^f ----, ----, in Virginia, infusorial, _J. W. Bailey_, xlv, 313. ----, ----, ----, polythalamia, _J. W. Bailey_, xlv, 313. ----, ----, ----, in crystalline limestone, xxvi, 222. ----, ----, Upper Mississippi, polythalamia, _J. W. Bailey_, xli, 400.^f ----, ----, near the mouth of the Mississippi, bones, _R. Harlan_, xiv, 186. ----, ----, Upper Missouri, bones, _J. N. Nicollet_, xli, 181. ----, ----, South, human bones, xliv, 277. ----, ----, in Cuba and New Grenada, supposed to be oolitic, _I. Lea_, xl, 41. ----, ----, in Peru, on San Lorenzo, xxxviii, 201. ----, ----, in Patagonia, Megatherium, &c., _C. Darwin_, xxxiii, 105. ----, ----, ----, Taxodon, &c., _R. Owen_, xxxiii, 208; xxxv, 196. ----, foreign, in caves, in England, Plymouth, xxxiii, 106. ----, ----, ----, at Kirkdale, and other places, _W. Buckland_, viii, 158, 317, 319. ----, ----, ----, in Denbigshire, xxxi, 341. ----, ----, ----, in Mendip Hills, xxxv, 304. ----, ----, ----, in France, xxi, 56; xxiii, 388. ----, ----, ----, in Germany, viii, 319, 321. ----, ----, ----, in New Holland, xx, 380. ----, ----, in Britain, marsupial of the Stonesfield slate, xxvii, 412; xxxvii, 228. ----, ----, ----, microscopic corallines and minute shells in white chalk,_Lonsdale_, xxxiii, 111. ----, ----, ----, Sussex, number of, xxiii, 171. ----, ----, ----, vertebrated animals of the crag of Norfolk and Suffolk, xxxi, 339. ----, ----, ----, shells, &c., of Cornwall, _C. W. Peach_, xlii, 327. ----, ----, at Cape of Good Hope, xlix, 213. ----, ----, in France, bones, stags' horns, vi, 199. ----, ----, ----, bones in eastern part, xiv, 203. ----, ----, ----, bones from Argenton, xx, 382. ----, ----, Himalaya Mts., quadrupeds of, xxxiii, 103. ----, ----, in Saxony, human bones, v, 171. ----, see for species under _Zoology_. ----, cretaceous, of U. States, _S. G. Morton_, xvii, 274; xviii, 243, 249^f; xxiii, 288^f; xxiv, 128^f; xlviii, 265^f, 267; --notice of _S. G. Morton's_ synopsis of, xxvii, 377. ----, ----, ----, in New Jersey, foraminifera, xli, 213. ----, coal strata, Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, ix, 165. ----, ---- ---- of Ohio valley, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxix, 1.^f ----, ---- ---- ----, Mariner's Mill, xxxi, 28.^f ----, ---- ----, _H. Witham_, xviii, 110.^f ----, ---- ----, in England, iii, 389; xxxiii, 270. ----, oolitic, remarks on, xxxiii, 107. ----, transition or Silurian, species characteristic of, _T. A. Conrad_, xxxv, 246. ----, ----, ibid, general nature of, xxxvi, 12. ----, ----, Ludlow rocks, xxx, 48. ----, in the tertiary of the Atlantic coast, _T. A. Conrad_, xxiii, 339. ----, ---- ---- ---- enumeration of, _T. A. Conrad_, xxviii, 109. ----, ----, of Alabama, list of, _I. Lea_, xxv, 419. ----, ----, ----, _H. C. Lea_, xl, 92.^f ----, ----, of Maryland, list of, _I. Lea_, xxv, 422.

Fossil fruits of Zamia, _G. A. Mantell_, xlv, 401. ---- plants, of coal regions of Wilkesbarre, Pa., ix, 165. ---- ----, ---- ---- of Ohio valley, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxix, 1.^f ---- ----, ----, in Ohio, at Mariner's Mill, xxxi, 28.^f ---- ----, ----, in England, iii, 389. ---- ----, in new red sandstone of England, remarks on, xxxiii, 270. ---- ----, below the coal in England, xxxiii, 87. ---- ----, _A. Brongniart_ on, iv, 266.^f ---- ----, analysis of _Ad. Brongniart's_ work on, vii, 178. ---- ----, _H. R. Göppert's_ views on the lapidification of, xxxiii, 109. ---- wood or trees, silicification of, xxxiii, 108. ---- ----, ----, ibid, _J. D. Dana_, xlviii, 83. ---- ----, in Connecticut, near Southbury, a trunk of a tree, xiv, 228. ---- ----, in England and France, _A. Brongniart_, iv, 269.^f ---- ----, ----, Craigleith quarry trees, xxviii, 390. ---- ----, at Granton, near Edinburgh, xxxvii, 363. ---- ----, in Indiana, palm trees, _D. D. Owen_, xlv, 336. ---- ----, ----, trees with axe marks, _J. T. Plummer_, xliv, 303. ---- ----, in Louisiana, trees with axe marks, _W. M. Carpenter_, xxxvi, 118.^f ---- ----, Michigan, tree near lake, iv, 285. ---- ----, in New York, at Chittenango, calcareous tree, v, 251; xviii, 354. ---- ----, in N. Carolina, v, 261. ---- ----, ----, tree, siliceous, vii, 249. ---- ----, in Nova Scotia, xxx, 340.^f ---- ----, in Nova Scotia, upright trees, xlv, 353. ---- ----, in Ohio, _S. Gazlay_, xxv, 104. ---- ----, ----, trees near Gallipolis, _S. P. Hildreth_, xii, 205. ---- ----, in Russia, vi, 398. ---- ----, in Scotland, near Glasgow, a tree, iii, 382. ---- ----, in Texas, silicified, xxxvii, 215. ---- ----, ----, part silicified and part bituminized, xxxvii, 216. ---- ----, in Virginia, i, 216. ---- ----, in West Indies, i, 56; _S. Hovey_, xxxv, 79. ---- ----, _W. M. Carpenter_ on, recently bituminized, xxxvi, 118.^f ---- ----, _Nicoll's_ sections, xxviii, 74. ---- ----, _H. Witham's_ sections and investigations, xxv, 108; xxvii, 415. ---- forest near Glasgow, xxix, 352.

_Foster, A._, notice of the falls of Tockoa and Tallulah, in Georgia, xiv, 209.

_Foster, J. W._, fossil mastodon, Crawford Co., Ohio, xxxvi, 189.^f

_Foster, W._, easy method of filling a long syphon, xxviii, 268. ----, on the culture of the potato in France, xxvii, 176.

Fountains, origin of, x, 394.

_Fourier_, temperature of the terrestrial globe and planetary spaces, xxxii, 1.

_Fowler, S._, minerals of Warwick, N. Y., ix, 242.

_Fox, R. W._, questions on mineral veins, xxxiii, 135. ----, on the electro-magnetic properties of metalliferous veins, xx, 136. ----, on the changes in minerals by galvanism, xxxi, 373.

_Fox, C._, some notice of British naturalists, xxxvi, 217. ----, notice of some American birds, xxix, 291.

France, botanical fêtes, ix, 154. ----, fires in, few, xxv, 291. ----, mortality of infants, xix, 192. ----, phthisis in, 1828, xix, 193. ----, population of, xv, 397. ----, scenery in some parts of, x, 167.

Franconia iron works, viii, 180.

Franklin, B., original letters of, iv, 357; v, 157.

Franklinite, ii, 323; v, 41, (shot ore,) 242, 400.

_Fraser, John_, botanical labors of, _A. Gray_, xlii, 9.

Fresco painting, means of detaching, iv, 384.

Fredonia gas works, xvii, 398.

Freestone of Sugar Loaf mountain, Maryland, xxvii, 21.

Freezing mixture, _Boutigny's_, xxx, 168. ---- ----, xii, 195. ---- point, influenced by pressure, _L. C. Beck_, xlv, 49. ---- water, effect from, in a Leyden jar, viii, 374. ---- ----, by the aid of sulphuric acid, apparatus for, _R. Hare_, xxvii, 132.^f

_Frodsham, W. J._, on the vibration of pendulums with different suspending springs, xxxvii, 278. ----, elected a member of the Royal Society, xxxvi, 195.

Frogs, introduction of, into Ireland, xxviii, 398. ----, in rocks, remarks on, _D. Thomas_, xix, 167.

Fromont garden, account of, xx, 83.

Frozen wells, xxxvi, 184.

Fruit, method of preserving without sugar, xv, 381. ----, fossil, of Zamia, &c., _G. A. Mantell_, xlv, 401. ---- trees, to destroy worms attacking, xxvii, 197. ---- ----, propagation of, xxvi, 183. ---- ----, time of flowering and other memoranda for different seasons, at Marietta, Ohio, see _Floral Calendar_ and _Meteorological Register_.

Fucoids and other marine plants, _Ad. Brongniart_, ix, 375. ---- in Indiana, _J. T. Plummer_, xliv, 290.^f ---- in rocks of western N. York, xxxvi, 46. ---- in Pennsylvania, xx, 415; xxvii, 347.

Fucoides Harlani, xxxvi, 46; xlviii, 299.^f ---- bilobata, xlviii, 307.^f ---- demissa, xlvii, 360.^f

Fuego, Tierra del, rush of, xviii, 189.

Fuel, _E. North_ on, xi, 66. ----, amount of, consumed in New York city, xvi, 360. ----, economy of, _W. R. Johnson_, xxiii, 318.^f ----, of coal tar and water, _C. Daubeny_, xxviii, 71.

Fulgurites, or lightning tubes in sand, xx, 396. ----, siliceous tubes, Rome, N. Y., _C. E. West_, xlv, 220. ----, near Dresden, remarkable, xlvi, 210. ----, in chalk, cause of, _C. Lyell_, xxxviii, 122.

Fuller's earth in Connecticut, ii, 217.

Fulminating compounds, preparation of, _S. Guthrie_, xxi, 288, 293. ---- gold, ii, 350; xlviii, 142. ---- silver, xviii, 335. ---- ----, of _Berthollet_, xviii, 155. ---- ----, _Mitscherlich's_ mode of preparing, xix, 379. ---- ----, injury to _R. Hare_ from the explosion of, xxii, 185. ---- powders, caution against, i, 168. ---- ----, use of crackers of, xxvi, 187. ---- ----, of cyanogen and calcium, _R. Hare_, xxxvii, 268. ---- ----, new, made with saltpetre, sulphur, &c., xvi, 397.

Fulminic acid, composition of, x, 191.

Fumigation, x, 379. ----, in Sweden, vii, 188.

Functions, relation of _Sturm's_, auxiliary to the roots of an algebraic equation, _Prof. Sylvester_, xlii, 163.

Functional equation, solution of, _G. R. Perkins_, xlii, 69.

Fungi, composition of, xlix, 393.

Furnace for ventilating sewers, _R. Bulkley_, vii, 177. ----, hot blast, _T. Clark_, xxxi, 180. ----, ---- ----, saving by, xxviii, 71. ----, chimneys of, containing cadmia, xii, 168. ----, ----, containing titanium crystals, xii, 189.

Furrows in rocks, see _Scratches_.

Fur trade and fur-bearing animals, xxv, 311.

Fusibility of mixture of carbonate of potash and carbonate of soda, xix, 379.

Fusible metal, xxi, 371.

Fusion of charcoal and anthracite, _B. Silliman_, v, 108, 361; vi, 341, 349, 378; viii, 147; x, 109, 119. ---- ----, _J. Griscom_, v, 364. ---- ----, _R. Hare_, viii, 288; x, 111, 118; xxxviii, 190. ---- ----, _L. Vanuxem_, viii, 292; x, 102. ---- by compound blowpipe, see _Blowpipe_.

Fustic, yellow wood resembling, on the Red river, iii, 44.

_Fyfe, A._, photographic processes, xxxvii, 175.

G.

Galactin, _T. Thomson_, xxxv, 303.

_Gale, L. D._, apparatus for obtaining potassium, xxi, 60.^f ----, on the preparing and preservation of potassium, xix, 205.^f ----, on _T. D. Mitchell's_ mode of preparing carbonic oxide, xxvii, 129.

Galena, crystallized by galvanism, _Becquerel_, xxviii, 291. ----, localities of, see _Lead ore_.

_Galindo, J._, eruption of the volcano of Cosiguina, xxviii, 332.

Galle's first comet, xxxviii, 378; xl, 207. ---- second, observations on, xl, 40; xl, 207. ---- three, notice of, xl, 207.

Gallic acid, new process for obtaining, xvi, 395. ---- ----, new process for, _E. N. Kent_, xlvi, 78. ---- ----, _Döbereiner's_ method for, xxviii, 358. ---- ----, _Pelouze_, xxviii, 125.

Galvanic battery, _E. de Butts_, viii, 271.^f ---- ----, of carbon, xxxix, 132. ---- ----, ----, _B. Silliman, Jr._, xliii, 393; xliv, 180.^f ---- ----, _A. Crosse's_, some account of, xxxii, 372; xxxv, 135.^f ---- ----, _A. Dela Rive's_, v, 395. ---- ----, dry, xii, 195; xvii, 162. ---- ----, _Grove's_, xxxviii, 116. ---- ----, ----, experiments with, _S. F. B. Morse_, xlv, 390.^f ---- ----, _R. Hare's_ new modifications of, iii, 105.^f ---- ----, ----, calorimotor, i, 413^f; v, 94, 357, 364; vi, 337; xxxii, 284.^f ---- ----, ----, deflagrator, iii, 105^f; iv, 201; v, 94^f; vi, 337; vii, 347^f; viii, 99; ix, 181; xl, 48. ---- ----, ----, ----, improved form of, _M. Faraday_, xxxii, 170. ---- ----, ----, combining the advantages of the trough of Cruikshank with the deflagrator, xxxii, 285.^f ---- ----, of great power, _F. W. de Moleyns_, xliv, 357. ---- ----, _J. Henry_, on a spark from a long conductor uniting the poles of, xxviii, 327. ---- ----, ----, action of a spiral conductor, xxviii, 329. ---- ----, _C. G. Page_, on iron or any metal a substitute for copper, xxxii, 197. ---- ----, ----, on the benefit of fresh immersion, xxxvi, 137.^f ---- ----, _W. B._ and _H. D. Rogers_, experimental enquiry into some of the laws of, xxvii, 39.^f ---- ----, ----, relative influences of the zinc and copper, xxvii, 41. ---- ----, ----, examination of _Ritchie's_ law of surface, xxvii, 53. ---- ----, ----, influence of temperature, xxvii, 57. ---- ----, _J. B. Rogers_ and _J. Green_, ibid, xxviii, 33. ---- ----, ----, relative importance of the zinc and copper, xxviii, 34. ---- ----, ----, relative distance of the plates, xxviii, 39. ---- ----, ----, deflecting power from different menstrua, xxviii, 40. ---- ----, _W. Sturgeon_, difference in the effects of the two polar wires, xxxix, 31.^f ---- ----, _Watkins's_ dry, xvii, 162. ---- blasting, _R. Hare_, xxi, 139; xxvi, 352^f; xxxviii, 188. ---- ----, _H. K. G. Morgan_, xxxviii, 33. ---- calorimotor, _Hare's_, i, 413^f; v, 94, 357, 364; vi, 337; xxxii, 284.^f ---- ----, for galvano-ignition apparatus, _R. Hare_, xxxii, 284.^f ---- circle, theory of, _T. Graham_, xxxviii, 117. ---- currents, caloric a cause of, _J. P. Emmet_, xxv, 269. ---- ----, remarks on, xviii, 199.^f ---- ---- and sparks from the horse-shoe magnet, _J. P. Emmet_, xxiv, 78.^f ---- deflagrator, _Hare's_, iii, 105^f; iv, 201; v, 94^f; vi, 337; vii, 347^f; viii, 99; ix, 181; xl, 48. ---- ----, improved form of, _M. Faraday_, xxxii, 170. ---- experiments by _A. Crosse_, producing crystals, and, as supposed, insects, xxxv, 125.^f ---- ---- by _R. Hare_, viii, 145. ---- ---- with grasshopper's legs, J. W. Bailey, xxxi, 292.^f ---- ignition of gunpowder, _R. Hare_, xxxvii, 269. ---- induction, _J. P. Emmet_, xxvi, 23.^f ---- lamp, an improvement in, _J. Cutbush_, ii, 332. ---- light, transmission of, through metals of different conducting powers, _J. Thomas_, xxxiv, 205.^f ---- ----, daguerrotype experiment by, _B. Silliman, Jr._ and _W. H. Goode_, xliii, 185. ---- multiplier, see _Galvanometer_. ---- music, production of, _C. G. Page_, xxxii, 396; xxxiii, 118. ---- phenomenon, attending the soldering of water pipes in New York city, xvii, 194. ---- protection by the contact of heterogeneous metals, xvi, 263. ---- trough, Watkins's, xvi, 215.

Galvanism, anthracite a conductor of, v, 200. ----, carbon fused by, v, 108, 361; vi, 341, 349, 378; viii, 147, 288; x, 109, 119; xxxviii, 190. ----, ---- ----, _L. Vanuxem's_ examination of, viii, 292; x, 102. ----, on colors supposed to be transferred by, through animal substances, _A. Jones_, xxi, 316. ----, _A. Crosse's_ experiments in, see _Crosse_. ----, crystallization of metals by, _G. Bird_, xxxiii, 267. ----, ----, _Becquerel_, xvii, 383. ----, crystals and insects produced by, _A. Crosse_, xxxv, 125.^f ----, engravings copied by, _von Kobell_, xlviii, 221.^f ----, engravings and medals copied by, _T. Spencer_, xl, 157.^f ----, fossils copied by, xlii, 327. ----, gilding by, xli, 402. ----, insects supposed to be produced by, xxxii, 374^f; xxxiii, 272; xxxv, 125.^f ----, ---- ----, _W. H. Weekes_, xliii, 395. ----, grasshopper's legs, a substitute for frogs, _J. W. Bailey_, xxxi, 292.^f ----, insulation of wires, a mode of, proposed, _A. A. Hayes_, xx, 409. ----, metals precipitated by, structure of, _W. de la Rue_, xlix, 390. ----, minerals changed by, _R. W. Fox_, xxxi, 373. ----, results from heat of, and decomposition, _W. Sturgeon_, xxxix, 29. ----, shocks from the calorimotor, how increased, _C. G. Page_, xxxi, 137.^f ----, size of plates, influence of, in, xxvii, 189. ----, theory of, _Prof. Pfaff_, xix, 178. ----, theory of, _R. Hare_, i, 413.^f ----, theory of, _C. F. Schönbein_, xxxviii, 119.

Galvanography, _von Kobell_, xlviii, 221.^f ----, _T. Spencer_, xl, 157.^f ----, fossils copied by, xlii, 327.

Galvano-ignition apparatus, _R. Hare_, xxxii, 282.^f

Galvanometer, _R. Hare's_ improved, xxvi, 359.^f ----, ----, rotary multiplier, xxxviii, 339.^f ----, _J. Henry_, on the application of, to electro-magnetic apparatus, xix, 400.^f ----, _J. Locke_, notice of a new, xxvi, 103^f, 378.^f ----, ----, large thermoscopic, xxxiii, 365. ----, _J. P. Emmet's_, new form of, xxvi, 311. ----, _C. G. Page_, on the use of, xxxii, 354.^f ----, ----, astatic, or rotary, xxxiii, 376.^f ----, ----, axial, xlix, 136.^f ----, _C. G. Page_, circular, xxxv, 259.^f ----, modified, _W. B._ and _H. D. Rogers_, xxvii, 39.^f

Galvanoscope, a means of detecting the failure of water in steam boilers by, _C. G. Page_, xxxvi, 141.^f

Galvano-magnetic condenser, v, 394. ---- - ---- apparatus, _J. F. Dana_, vi, 330.^f ---- - ---- ----, Italian, v, 388.

_Gambey_, notice of, vii, 374.

_Gambold_, on the botany of the neighborhood of the Connasarga river, Cherokee country, i, 245.

_Gannal, J. N._, new process of embalming, xl, 194.

Garden of Fromont, account of, xx, 83.

Gardens, botanic, in Austria, ii, 340. ----, ----, in Russia, xx, 175. ----, to destroy weeds in, xxii, 381.

_Gardner, D. P._, on the application of Riench's test for the detection of arsenic, xliv, 240. ----, action of light on plants, xlvi, 1.^f

_Gardner, J._, meteorological register for 1832-43, at Rio de Janeiro, xlvii, 290.

Garnet, manganesian, of Haddam, analysis of, _H. Seybert_, vi, 155. ----, localities of, in Canada, viii, 62. ----, ----, in Connecticut, i, 354; ii, 142, 205; iii, 241; v, 36; vi, 155, 222, 246; vii, 253; viii, 7, 258; x, 12. ----, ----, in Delaware, v, 41; xiv, 11. ----, ----, in Maryland, xviii, 79. ----, ----, in Massachusetts, i, 114; iv, 55; vi, 24, 222; vii, 30; viii, 7, 44; xii, 259. ----, ----, in Pennsylvania, x, 221; xiv, 6, 8, 10. ----, ----, in New Hampshire, vi, 245; xviii, 126, 132.^f ----, ----, in New Jersey, v, 243; ix, 245. ----, ----, in New York, iv, 38. ----, ----, in R. Island, ix, 49. ----, ----, in Vermont, iii, 76; vii, 58; xvii, 353.

Gas, capacity of, for heat, iv, 372. ----, condensation of, _M. Faraday_, vii, 352; xlix, 373. ----, ----, ----, sulphurous acid, vii, 353. ----, ----, ----, sulphuretted hydrogen, vii, 354. ----, ----, ----, carbonic acid, vii, 354. ----, ----, ----, euchlorine, vii, 355. ----, ----, ----, nitrous oxide, vii, 355. ----, ----, ----, cyanogen, vii, 356. ----, ----, ----, ammonia, vii, 357. ----, ----, ----, muriatic acid, vii, 357. ----, ----, ----, chlorine, vii, 357. ----, ----, _Thilorier_, xxxi, 163, 402, 404. ----, ----, _J. K. Mitchell_, xxxv, 346.^f ----, ---- of carbonic, sulphurous and chloro-chromic acid, _John Torrey_, xxxv, 374; xxxvi, 394.^f ----, apparatus for regulating the supply of, by its absorption, xiii, 2.^f ----, conducting power of liquid, xxi, 374. ----, on the dilatation of, _V. Regnault_, xliv, 63. ----, expansion of, xix, 397. ----, mode of obtaining the specific gravity of, _R. Hare_, xvi, 293, 295.^f ----, apparatus for saturating a liquid with, xvi, 387. ----, caoutchouc rendered impermeable to, xlvii, 194. ----, native, different localities, near the Erie canal, N. York, _A. Eaton_, xv, 233. ----, ----, Fredonia, New York, used for lighting a village, xvii, 398. ----, ----, at Gasport, N. York, xv, 236; xxxi, 246. ----, ----, at Kenawha, _J. A. Lewis_, xlix, 209. ----, ----, at a Nova Scotia coal mine, xxx, 184. ----, ----, from a pond, v, 199. ----, ----, from the water pipes in New York, xxi, 386. ----, ----, nitrogen, Hoosic, N. York, xv, 234. ---- lamps, portable, iii, 371. ---- lights, iii, 170, 385. ---- ----, in England, iv, 373. ---- ----, at Glasgow, ii, 365; v, 141.^f ---- ----, from cotton seed, _D. Olmsted_, viii, 294; ix, 170; x, 362. ---- ----, from peat, xxx, 189. ---- ----, from rosin, xxviii, 147. ---- ----, from wood, xix, 383. ---- ----, for light-houses, xxviii, 355. ----, portable, xv, 189. ----, illuminating powers of, viii, 181.

Gaseous mixtures, analysis of, _R. Hare_, xv, 279, 283.

Gasometers, new mode of suspending, _R. Hare_, iv, 312.^f

Gasometer, _J. H. Patten's_, ix, 92.^f

Gasport, gas of, xv, 236; xxxi, 246.

Gastric juice, notice of _Wm. Beaumont's_ work, containing experiments on, _A. St. Martin_, xxvi, 193; xxvii, 405. ---- ----, ibid, _J. J. Berzelius_ on, xxvii, 406. ---- ----, analysis of, _H. Braconnot_, xxx, 378.

_Gauss's_ theory of terrestrial magnetism, examination of, _E. Loomis_, xlvii, 278.

Gavial of Caen, analysis of the scales of, _A. Connell_, xxxiv, 201.

Gay Lussite, xii, 187.

_Gay Lussac_, explanation of volcanic action, xxxvi, 236.

_Gaylord, W._, influence of the great lakes on our autumnal sunsets, xxxiii, 335.^f ----, mechanical vaporization of earths, xxxvii, 398. ----, account of a tornado in Onondaga Co., N. Y., xxxvii, 90. ----, formation and dispersion of a thunder shower, xxxix, 54. ----, parhelia seen at Otisco, New York, January, 1840, xxxix, 61.^f ----, average temperature, weather and winds, for 1838 and 1839, at Otisco, N. Y., xxxix, 63.

_Gazlay, S._, fossil wood in Ohio, xxv, 104.

_Gebhard, J._, geology and mineralogy of Schoharie Co., N. York, xxviii, 172.^f

_Geddes, J._, geological features of the south side of the Ontario valley, xi, 213.^f

Gelatine from bones, i, 170; xxii 369.

Genesee river, account and view of upper falls of, xviii, 209.^f

Gems, practical remarks on, _T. Taber_, xxxviii, 61.

Geodes, facts tending to illustrate the formation of crystals in, viii, 282. ----, ibid, _J. D. Dana_, xlix, 49.

Geography, distribution of land and water, xiv, 375. ----, physical, _G. F. Schouw_, xxi, 127. ----, ----, influence of, on the boundaries of empires, _J. Finch_, xiv, 18; xvi, 99.

Geogony of Leibnitz, xx, 56; xxxix, 15. ----, or on the probable origin and systematic arrangement of rocks, _W. Maclure_, vii, 261. ----, or on the formation of the universe, _I. Orr_, vi, 128.^f

Geological arrangement, outlines of, _Wm. Maclure_, i, 209. ----, Association, American, notice of meeting in 1840, xxxix, 189; in 1841, xli, 158; in 1842, xliii, 146; in 1843, xlv, 135, 310; in 1844, xlvii, 94; in 1845, xlix, 219. ----, ----, ----, address by _E. Hitchcock_, xli, 232. ---- ----, ----, ibid, by _B. Silliman_, xliii, 217. ---- ----, ----, ibid, by _H. D. Rogers_, xlvii, 137, 247. ---- ----, ----, constitution and by-laws of, xliii, 149. ---- ----, ----, transactions of, published, xlv, 220. ---- coloring and symbols, system of, _D. D. Owen_, xlv, 351. ---- equivalents, _A. Eaton_, xxi, 132. ---- essays by _H. H. Hayden_, notice of, iii, 47. ---- investigations, mode of conducting, _W. Buckland_, iii, 249. ---- nomenclature, classes of rocks, &c., _A. Eaton_, xiv, 145^f, 359. ---- and mineralogical observations, _A. Brongniart_, iii, 216. ---- paintings for class illustration, _D. D. Owen_, xlv, 136. ---- poem, including geological cookery, v, 272. ---- Prodromus, _A. Eaton_, xvii, 63. ---- reasoning, remarks on difficulties that attend some of the modes of, xxx, 114. ---- Report, of Connecticut, by _C. U. Shepard_, noticed, xxxiii, 151. ---- ----, ----, by _J. G. Percival_, xxxii, 399; xliv, 187. ---- ----, of Indiana, by _D. D. Owen_, noticed, xxxiv, 193; xl, 133. ---- ----, of Maine, by _C. T. Jackson_, noticed, xxxii, 193; xxxv, 387; xxxvi, 143; xxxvii, 376. ---- ----, of Maryland, by _J. T. Ducatel_, noticed, xxvii, 1; xxx, 393; xxxii, 191. ---- ----, of Massachusetts, by _E. Hitchcock_, xxii, 1^f; xxiii, 389; xxvi, 213; xxxvi, 363; xli, 384. ---- ----, of Michigan, by _D. Houghton_, xxxiv, 190; xl, 136. ---- ----, of New Hampshire, by _C. T. Jackson_, noticed, xli, 383; xlviii, 393; xlix, 27. ---- ----, of New York, annual, noticed, xxxii, 186; xxxvi, 1; xxxix, 95; xl, 73; xlii, 227. ---- ----, ----, final, reviewed xlvi, 143; xlvii, 354^f; xlviii, 296.^f ---- ----, of Ohio, noticed, xxxii, 190; xxxiv, 196, 347^f; xl, 126. ---- ----, of Pennsylvania, by _H. D. Rogers_, noticed, xxxii, 192; xxxiv, 188; xxxvii, 380. ---- ----, of Rhode Island, by _C. T. Jackson_, noticed, xl, 182. ---- ----, of Tennessee, by _G. Troost_, noticed, xxx, 391; xxxiv, 187. ---- ----, of Virginia, by _W. B. Rogers_, noticed, xxxii, 192; xxxvii, 380. ---- society of London, anniversary address by _W. Whewell_, xxxvii, 218. ---- ----, ----, number of fellows of, in 1837, xxxiii, 76. ---- ----, of Dublin, xxviii, 368. ---- ----, of France, notice of, xxiv, 192. ---- ----, ----, transactions of, noticed by _C. U. Shepard_, xxviii, 283. ---- ----, American, notice of, ii, 139; iii, 360; iv, 191; v, 403; vi, 377; vii, 358; viii, 187, 392; ix, 387; x, 201. ---- ----, of Pennsylvania, notice of transactions of, xxix, 391. ---- systems, observations upon, _W. Maclure_, ix, 253. ---- Theory of the Earth, _G. Cuvier's_ Essay on, noticed, i, 68. ---- ----, of _Leibnitz_, xx, 56; xxxix, 15.

GEOLOGY.

----, on the study of, iii, 363. ----, Mosaic, _W. Maclure_, ix, 157. ----, connexion with the Mosaic history, xxv, 26. ----, on the progress of, for 1833, xxviii, 294. ----, queries in, proposed by the geologists of the survey of New York, xxxiii, 124. ----, principles of, xxi, 1. ----, principles of Catastrophists and Uniformitarians, xxxvii, 234. ----, stratiographical, cardinal points in, _A. Eaton_, xxi, 199. ----, volcanic, see _Volcano_. ----, _Foreign_. ----, ----, Africa, northern, notices of, iv, 32. ----, ----, ----, between Suez and Cairo, account of the desert, xxxiii, 288. ----, ----, ----, Cape of Good Hope, _G. Champion_, xxix, 230. ----, ----, ----, southern, cave, minerals in, xxviii, 290. ----, ----, Asia, Bombay, province of the Deccan, xxxiii, 274. ----, ----, ---- Minor, _Mr. Hamilton_, xxxvii, 226. ----, ----, ---- ----, mines of Tokat, xxxvii, 352. ----, ----, ---- ----, Naphtha springs, xxxvii, 353. ----, ----, ---- ----, Taurus mountains, xxxvii, 351. ----, ----, ---- ----, Silurian strata, _H. E. Strickland_, xxxiii, 95. ----, ----, ---- ----, volcanic region of the Catacecaumene, xxxiii, 95. ----, ----, ---- ----, Black sea shores, xxxii, 399. ----, ----, ----, Caucasus range basalt, xxxvii, 348. ----, ----, ---- ----, ibid, floods, xxxvii, 349. ----, ----, ----, Persia, earthquakes at Tabriz, xxxvii, 351. ----, ----, ----, ----, Naphtha springs, xxxvii, 354. ----, ----, ----, ----, marble of Tabriz, xxxvii, 355.

GEOLOGY, _Foreign_.

----, ----, Asia, Persia, salt near Tabriz, &c., xxxvii, 350. ----, ----, ----, ----, volcano, extinct, near Mt. Ararat, xxxvii, 349. ----, ----, ----, ----, volcano in the Kourdish country, xxxvii, 350. ----, ----, Europe, remarks on, by _Boué_, vii, 188. ----, ----, ----, classification of rocks of, _H. T. de la Beche_, xviii, 26. ----, ----, ----, northern, geological notice of, xvii, 16. ----, ----, ----, Great Britain, boulders over northern parts of England, _Phillips_, xxxi, 360. ----, ----, ----, ----, changes of level in, xxxiii, 97. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, _R. I. Murchison_, xxxi, 375. ----, ----, ----, ----, Burdie House, freshwater limestone, xxviii, 365. ----, ----, ----, ----, coal formation, xxxiii, 79. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, alternation of marine freshwater beds in, xxxiii, 80. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, faults and dislocations of strata, Dudley, xxxiii, 82. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, limestone of Yorkshire, xxxiii, 84. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, marine shells, xxv, 199. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, Dudley, xxxvii, 390. ----, ----, ----, ----, Calton Hill near Edinburgh, and on the aqueous origin of wacke, _J. W. Webster_, i, 230.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, Cambrian system of Sedgwick, xxxvii, 220. ----, ----, ----, ----, caves in, see _Caves_. ----, ----, ----, ----, crag of Suffolk and Norfolk, vertebrated remains in, xxxi, 339. ----, ----, Europe, Great Britain, Devonshire, structure of, _Sedgwick_ and _Murchison_, xxxi, 349^f; xxxiii, 85. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, lines of dislocation, _H. T. de la Beche_, xxxi, 354. ----, ----, ----, ----, Ludlow rocks of Wales, remarks on the fossils of, _L. Agassiz_, xxx, 48. ----, ----, ----, ----, recent sandstone on the northern coast of Cornwall, _J. A. Paris_, i, 234. ----, ----, ----, ----, plastic clay of the southeast part, xxxiii, 92. ----, ----, ----, ----, Silurian system of _Murchison_ and others, xxxvii, 219. ----, ----, ----, ----, Silurian rocks of Denbighshire, _J. E. Bowman_, xlii, 325. ----, ----, ----, ----, formations of Wales below the coal, remarks on, _L. Agassiz_, xxx, 46. ----, ----, ----, ----, fossil plants below the coal, xxxiii, 87. ----, ----, ----, ----, Isle of Wight freshwater formation, xxxvii, 225. ----, ----, ----, ----, review of the "Outlines," of _Conybeare_ and _Phillips_, vii, 203. ----, ----, ----, France, freshwater formations of Paris and Rome, remarks upon, from _Cuvier's_ work on organic remains, vi, 381. ----, ----, ----, ----, Auvergne, in a letter by _C. Daubeny_, ii, 351. ----, ----, ----, ----, Breccia of Mt. D'Or, ii, 356. ----, ----, ----, ----, Pyrenees, south of France, &c., in a letter from _Boué_, ix, 23. ----, ----, ----, Germany, erratic blocks of north of, xxviii, 389. ----, ----, Europe, Germany, notices of the Hartz, _T. G. Clemson_, xix, 105.^f ----, ----, ----, Greece, Cephalonia, tertiary of, Messrs. _Hamilton_ and _Strickland_, xxxiii, 211. ----, ----, ----, ----, in the Morea, _Boblaye_ and _Virlet_, xxxiii, 96. ----, ----, ----, Hungary, _Beudant's_ travels in, vii, 256. ----, ----, ----, Iceland, iv, 370; xvii, 15. ----, ----, ----, Italy, formations of, vii, 186. ----, ----, ----, Portugal, notice of, xxxvii, 226. ----, ----, ----, Russia, Altai, _M. P. de Tchihatcheff_, xlix, 378. ----, ----, ----, ----, Northern, including Pargas Islands, Lake Onega, Siberia, Siberian Steppes &c., xvii, 16. ----, ----, ----, ----, salt district, xvii, 19, 20. ----, ----, ----, ----, mines of, see _Russia_. ----, ----, ----, Sicily, from a work by _F. Ferrara_, viii, 201. ----, ----, ----, ----, sketch of, _C. Daubeny_, x, 230.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, see further under _Volcano_. ----, ----, ----, Sweden, rise of land in, _C. Lyell_, xxviii, 387. ----, ----, ----, ----, subsidence of south part of, _Nilsson_, xxxiii, 102. ----, ----, ----, Switzerland, Alps, from _F. J. Hugi's_ travels, xxviii, 296. ----, _North American_. ----, ----, Arctic regions, xvii, 1. ----, ----, Bay of Fundy, terraces of, xli, 55. ----, ----, Canada, alluvial deposits at Malbay, v, 221.^f ----, ----, ----, various fossils in, _J. J. Bigsby_, viii, 61. ----, ----, ----, supposed volcano in, xxx, 238, 241. ----, ----, ----, N. W. portion of Lake Huron, _J. J. Bigsby_, iii, 254.^f ----, ----, ----, Kingston, _F. H. Baddely_, xviii, 104. ----, ----, ----, geology and mineralogy of Malbay, _J. J. Bigsby_, v, 205.^f ----, ----, ----, transition rocks of the Cataraqui, _R. H. Bonnycastle_, xviii, 85; xx, 74^f; xxiv, 97^f; xxx, 233.^f ----, ----, Great Bear lake and vicinity, xvii, 2, 3. ----, ----, Greenland, xvii, 14. ----, ----, ----, subsidence of, xxx, 379. ----, ----, Hudson's Bay and vicinity, xvii, 11. ----, ----, Melville Island, xvii, 10. ----, ----, Nova Scotia, mineralogy and geology of, _C. T. Jackson_ and _F. Alger_, xiv, 305^f; xv, 132^f, 201. ----, ----, ----, ibid, _F. Alger_, xii, 227. ----, ----, Rocky Mts., northern termination, xvii, 2. ----, ----, United States.[G] ----, ----, ----, early state of the science in, _B. Silliman_, xliii, 224. ----, ----, ----, progress and condition of, in an address before the Geol. Assoc., _H. D. Rogers_, xlvii, 137, 247. ----, ----, ----, State surveys in progress, xxx, 203, 393; xli, 235.

[Footnote G: We have arranged the references under this head according to the States, placing first a few of a general character. The references to _mines_, will be found under the names of the several metals; those of fossils, under _Fossil_, the _names_ of the species, and also _Zoology_; those of tracks of animals under _Footprints_; of coal, under _Coal_; of boulders, under _Boulders_ and _Drift_; of scratches or furrows, under _Scratches_.]

----, ----, United States, account of, with conjectures upon, _W. Maclure_, vi, 98. ----, ----, ----, causes of general features, &c., _W. W. Mather_, xlix, 1, 284. ----, ----, ----, ibid, _T. A. Conrad_, xxxv, 237, 244. ----, ----, ----, elevation during the tertiary epoch, _T. A. Conrad_, xxxv, 245. ----, ----, ----, remarks on, _H. D. Rogers_, xxviii, 74; xlvii, 140, 247. ----, ----, ----, general review of, _E. Hitchcock_, xli, 239. ----, ----, ----, ibid, _C. Daubeny_, xli, 195. ----, ----, ----, relation to Russian, _R. I. Murchison_, xli, 208. ----, ----, ----, equivalency of rocks with European, _A. Eaton_, xxxix, 149. ----, ----, ----, oolites not occurring in, xxxviii, 126. ----, ----, ----, rocks characteristic of, _L. Vanuxem_, xvi, 254. ----, ----, ----, boulders in, see _Boulders_ and _Drift_. ----, ----, ----, scratches in, see _Scratches_. ----, ----, ----, cretaceous formation and its fossils, _S. G. Morton_, xvii, 274, 290; xviii, 243; 249^f; xxiii, 288^f; xxiv, 128^f; xlviii, 267. ----, ----, ----, ibid, a division in, _S. G. Morton_, xxviii, 277. ----, ----, ----, plastic clay in, _T. A. Conrad_, xxxviii, 91. ----, ----, ----, secondary formations of the southern states, _J. T. Hodge_, xli, 332. ----, ----, ----, Silurian system, and its characteristic fossils, _T. A. Conrad_, xxxv, 243; xxxviii, 86. ----, ----, ----, ibid, _H. D. Rogers_, xlvii, 145. ----, ----, ----, Taconic system, xlvi, 149; xlvii, 150. ----, ----, ----, tertiary, essay on, _J. Finch_, vii, 31. ----, ----, ----, ibid, remarks on, _E. Hitchcock_, xli, 246. ----, ----, ----, ibid, _H. D. Rogers_, xlvii, 254. ----, ----, ----, ibid, of Atlantic coast, _T. A. Conrad_, xxiii, 204, 339; xxviii, 104, 280^f; xli, 344.^f ----, ----, ----, ibid, of the Southern States, _J. T. Hodge_, xli, 332. ----, ----, ----, oyster shell deposits of the Atlantic coast, _L. Vanuxem_, xli, 168. ----, ----, ----, structure of the Appalachian chain, _W. B._ and _H. D. Rogers_, xliii, 177; xliv, 359. ----, ----, ----, notice of _Eaton's_ Index of the Northern States, i, 69. ----, ----, ----, notice of, _I. Lea's_ contributions to geology, xxv, 413. ----, ----, ----, trap of New England, volcanic origin of, _T. Cooper_, iv, 239. ----, ----, ----, Maine, notice of geological reports of, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxii, 193; xxxv, 387; xxxvi, 143; xxxvii, 376. ----, ----, ----, ----, remarks on, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxiv, 69. ----, ----, ----, ----, anthracite coal formation, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 149. ----, ----, ----, ----, dikes of trap of different ages, and limestones transformed by the same, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 145, 147. ----, ----, ----, ----, dolomization theory of _von Buch_ not confirmed, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 147. ----, ----, ----, ----, iron ore veins, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 147, 150. ----, ----, ----, ----, changes of level in, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 154. ----, ----, ----, ----, segregation theory of veins not sustained, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 148. ----, ----, ----, ----, fossiliferous rocks near Moose river, xxxvii, 378. ----, ----, ----, New Hampshire, excursion to White Mountains, _J. Pierce_, viii, 172. ----, ----, ----, ----, Geological Report of _C. T. Jackson_, noticed, xli, 383; xlviii, 393; xlix, 27. ----, ----, ----, ----, account of a section of, _E. Hitchcock_, i, 105^f; vi, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, observations on the White Mountains, with accounts of trap dikes, granite veins, minerals, &c., _O. P. Hubbard_, xxxiv, 105.^f ----, ----, ----, Vermont, dike of trap in Montgomery, xxii, 189. ----, ----, ----, ----, supposed volcano of West River Mountain, _J. A. Allen_, iii, 73. ----, ----, ----, ----, account of section of, _E. Hitchcock_, i, 105^f; vi, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, Massachusetts, account of, _C. Dewey_, viii, 1^f, 240. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, _E. Hitchcock_, i, 105^f; vi, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, _A. Smith_, xxii, 205.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, vicinity of Lowell, xxvii, 340. ----, ----, ----, ----, Hampshire Co., with an account of the lead mines, _A. Nash_, xii, 238.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, vicinity of Williams College, _C. Dewey_, i, 337.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, Martha's vineyard and the Elizabeth Islands, vii, 240.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, economical review of, _E. Hitchcock_, xxxvi, 363. ----, ----, ----, ----, granite veins and beds of Chester, _E. Emmons_, viii, 250.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, report on, _E. Hitchcock_, xxii, 1^f; xxiii, 389; xxvi, 213; xxxvi, 363; xli, 384. ----, ----, ----, ----, sandstone of Connecticut valley, _E. Hitchcock_, vi, 39; xli, 244. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, cause of dip, xliii, 170; xlvii, 107. ----, ----, ----, ----, terraces and ancient lakes, _A. Smith_, xxii, 214, 216. ----, ----, ----, ----, syenite and amygdaloid, Salem, iii, 232. ----, ----, ----, ----, changes produced by the Saxicava, in Plymouth sound, xlii, 326. ----, ----, ----, R. Island, some notice of the rocks of, from _C. T. Jackson's_ report, xl, 182. ----, ----, ----, Connecticut, rocks of the Connecticut valley, vii, 25. ----, ----, ----, ----, water courses and geology of the Connecticut valley, terraces, ancient lakes, &c., xxii, 205.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, account of the Connecticut valley, _E. Hitchcock_, vi, 1^f, 201; vii, 1. ----, ----, ----, ----, New Haven and Litchfield Cos., _B. Silliman_, ii, 201. ----, ----, ----, ----, Salisbury, Conn., _C. A. Lee_, viii, 252. ----, ----, ----, ----, map of New London and Windham Cos., _W. Lester, Jr._, xxiii, 404. ----, ----, ----, ----, junction of trap and sandstone at Wallingford, _A. B. Chapin_, xxvii, 104.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, section from Killingly to Haddam, _W. W. Mather_, xxi, 94.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, trap rocks, igneous origin of, _B. Silliman_, xvii, 119. ----, ----, ----, ----, survey authorized, xxviii, 381. ----, ----, ----, ----, report of _C. U. Shepard_, noticed, xxxiii, 151. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, of _J. G. Percival_, xxxii, 399; xliv, 187. ----, ----, ----, New York, annual reports of survey, noticed, xxxii, 186; xxxvi, 1; xxxix, 95; xl, 73; xlii, 227. ----, ----, ----, ----, final report of survey, reviewed, _D. D. Owen_, xlvi, 143; xlvii, 354^f; xlviii, 296.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, account of the rocks of, _C. Dewey_, xxxiii, 121. ----, ----, ----, ----, oolite in Orange Co., xix, 398. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, of Saratoga and elsewhere, _J. H. Steele_, ix, 16.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, the secondary region, _J. Pierce_, ii, 181. ----, ----, ----, ----, western New York, _G. E. Hayes_, xxxi, 241; xxxv, 86.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, Albany county, iii, 239. ----, ----, ----, ----, Canaan Mts., section, _H. D. Barnes_, v, 8.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, subsidence about, v, 15. ----, ----, ----, ----, Carthage bridge, near the mouth of Genesee river, _J. I. Bigsby_, ii, 250. ----, ----, ----, ----, Catskill Mts., _H. E. Dwight_, ii, 11. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, _D. W. Barton_, iv, 249.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, _J. Pierce_, vi, 86. ----, ----, ----, ----, Erie canal route, _A. Eaton's_ survey noticed, vi, 373; viii, 358; ix, 355; xiii, 383. ----, ----, ----, ----, Essex Co., and northern sources of the Hudson, some remarks on, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxiii, 301.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, Highlands, _A. Eaton_, v, 231. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, _W. W. Mather_, xxi, 97. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, _J. Pierce_, v, 26. ----, ----, ----, ----, Hudson river region, iv, 33. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, tertiary, _J. Finch_, x, 227. ----, ----, ----, ----, Mohawk alluvial deposits, xxiii, 207. ----, ----, ----, ----, Niagara region, iv, 35; xi, 213.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, ----, recession of the falls, _G. E. Hayes_, xxxv, 100.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, ----, ib., _J. B. Gibson_, xxix, 204. ----, ----, ----, ----, ----, _H. D. Rogers_, xxvii, 326.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, Ontario valley, _J. Geddes_, xi, 213.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, Orange Co., oolite in, xix, 398. ----, ----, ----, ----, Portage, two sections, _J. Hall_, xlv, 329. ----, ----, ----, ----, Rensselaer Co., survey in progress, iv, 189; --ibid, noticed, v, 203. ----, ----, ----, ----, Rochester, polished limestone of, _C. Dewey_, xxxvii, 240. ----, ----, ----, ----, Salina salt formation, _J. Forman_, xix, 141. ----, ----, ----, ----, salt springs, see _Springs_. ----, ----, ----, ----, Saratoga lake, and its environs, with Snake Hill, _J. H. Steele_, ix, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, Scoharie Co., _J. Gebhard_, xxviii, 172.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, St. Lawrence Co., _J. Finch_, xix, 220. ----, ----, ----, ----, St. Lawrence and Jefferson Cos., _J. B. Crawe_ and _A. Gray_, xxv, 346. ----, ----, ----, ----, Sullivan Co., xxiii, 243. ----, ----, ----, ----, Taconic range, section of, to Troy, _C. Dewey_, ii, 246. ----, ----, ----, ----, Troy, _M. Hale_, iii, 72. ----, ----, ----, ----, Troy, gravel near, _A. Eaton_, v, 22. ----, ----, ----, New Jersey, alluvial district of, with remarks on the marl, _J. Pierce_, vi, 237. ----, ----, ----, ----, secondary region of, _J. Pierce_, ii, 181. ----, ----, ----, ----, cretaceous formation, _S. G. Morton_, xxii, 90; xxiii, 288; xlviii, 265^f, 267. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, _C. Lyell_, xlvii, 213. ----, ----, ----, ----, Hoboken serpentine rocks, _T. Nuttall_, iv, 16. ----, ----, ----, Pennsylvania, coal regions and mines of, see _Coal_. ----, ----, ----, ----, western, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxix, 51, 71, 74, &c. ----, ----, ----, ----, Wyoming, &c., _B. Silliman_, xviii, 309^f; xix, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, near Easton, _J. Finch_, viii, 236.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, near Bedford Springs, _H. H. Hayden_, xix, 97. ----, ----, ----, ----, near Westchester, _J. Finch_, xiv, 15. ----, ----, ----, ----, mineral resources, _J. Pierce_, xii, 54. ----, ----, ----, ----, scenery, xxi, 197. ----, ----, ----, ----, survey proposed, xii, 173. ----, ----, ----, ----, _H. D. Rogers's_ report noticed, xxxii, 192; xxxiv, 188; xxxvii, 380. ----, ----, ----, Maryland, Appalachian chain in, _W. E. A. Aikin_, xxvi, 219.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, report on, _J. T. Ducatel_ and _J. H. Alexander_, xxvii, 1; xxxii, 191. ----, ----, ----, ----, survey of, xxx, 393. ----, ----, ----, ----, report on the new map of, noticed, xxxii, 191. ----, ----, ----, ----, Bare Hills, near Baltimore, _H. H. Hayden_, xxiv, 349.^f ----, ----, ----, Virginia, account of part of, and Tennessee, _J. H. Kain_, i, 60. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, with parts of Alabama and Mississippi, _E. Cornelius_, i, 214, 317.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, coal mines and strata of, see _Coal_. ----, ----, ----, ----, gold mines of, see _Gold_. ----, ----, ----, ----, Kenawha and other western valleys, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxix, 83. ----, ----, ----, ----, shell marl regions, _J. Pierce_, xi, 54. ----, ----, ----, ----, tertiary formation, _W. B._ and _H. D. Rogers_, xxxviii, 183. ----, ----, ----, ----, report on, of _W. B. Rogers_, noticed, xxxii, 192; xxxvii, 380. ----, ----, ----, N. and S. Carolina, account of parts of, _J. Dickson_, iii, 1. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, _T. D. Porter_, iii, 227. ----, ----, ----, ----, gold region, see _Gold_. ----, ----, ----, N. Carolina, basalt, basaltic dikes, ("natural walls,") and petrifactions, _J. Beckwith_, v, 1. ----, ----, ----, ----, natural walls of Rowan, xiv, 242. ----, ----, ----, ----, mining districts of western part, _J. Peck_, xxiii, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, origin and character of the low country, _E. Mitchell_, xiii, 336. ----, ----, ----, ----, notice of _D. Olmsted's_ report, xiv, 230. ----, ----, ----, ----, red sandstone formation in, _D. Olmsted_, ii, 175. ----, ----, ----, ----, survey proposed, v, 202. ----, ----, ----, Georgia, Alabama and Florida, with account of fossils in, silicified from thermal springs, _C. U. Shepard_, xxv, 162. ----, ----, ----, Alabama, sketches of, _W. S. Porter_, xiii, 77. ----, ----, ----, ----, Greene Co., _R. W. Withers_, xxiv, 187. ----, ----, ----, ----, near Centerville, xlviii, 399. ----, ----, ----, ----, the galt in, _S. G. Morton_, xxviii, 277. ----, ----, ----, ----, tertiary, with a list of fossils, xxv, 417, 419. ----, ----, ----, Floridas, _J. Pierce_, ix, 119. ----, ----, ----, ----, East, remarks on, xxxv, 60. ----, ----, ----, Mississippi valley, lower part, _R. Nutt_, xxiii, 49. ----, ----, ----, ----, _L. Bringier_, iii, 15. ----, ----, ----, Texas, Trinity country, _J. L. Riddell_, xxxvii, 211. ----, ----, ----, ----, hog-wallow prairies, xxxix, 211. ----, ----, ----, Ohio, account of, _S. P. Hildreth_, x, 1; xxv, 217. ----, ----, ----, ----, valley, including part of Pennsylvania and Virginia, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxix, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, climate, diseases, &c., _C. Atwater_, xi, 224. ----, ----, ----, ----, tertiary deposits, xxxiv, 360. ----, ----, ----, ----, saliferous formation, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxiv, 46; xxix, 26. ----, ----, ----, ----, buhrstone, xxix, 142; xxxiv, 352. ----, ----, ----, ----, grotto of plants, xxix, 18.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, Falls of the Cuyahoga, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxxi, 47.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, rocks of, xl, 126. ----, ----, ----, ----, Belmont Co., _C. Atwater_, i, 226. ----, ----, ----, ----, reports on, noticed, of _S. P. Hildreth_, xxxii, 190; xxxiv, 196, 347. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, of _W. W. Mather_, xxxiv, 196, 347; xl, 126. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, of _Mr. Briggs_, xxxiv, 197. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, of _Mr. Whittlesey_, xxxiv, 197. ----, ----, ----, ----, coal, see _Coal_. ----, ----, ----, Western States, _D. D. Owen_, xliv, 365; xlv, 151, 163. ----, ----, ----, ----, _J. Locke_, xli, 160; xliii, 147. ----, ----, ----, ----, _J. Hall_, xlii, 51. ----, ----, ----, ----, _G. W. Featherstonhaugh's_ report noticed, xxviii, 379; xxxii, 185. ----, ----, ----, Michigan, observations on, _J. Pierce_, x, 304. ----, ----, ----, ----, rocks of, xl, 136. ----, ----, ----, ----, mining region of, _D. Houghton_, xli, 183. ----, ----, ----, ----, _D. Houghton's_ reports on, noticed, xxxiv, 190; xl, 136. ----, ----, ----, ----, N. W. portion of Lake Huron, _J. J. Bigsby_, iii, 254.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, Fort Winnebago, _D. Ruggles_, xxx, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, Kewenaw Point, _C. T. Jackson_, xlix, 81. ----, ----, ----, Indiana, _W. B. Stilson_, i, 131. ----, ----, ----, ----, _D. D. Owen's_ report noticed, xxxiv, 193; xl, 133. ----, ----, ----, ----, Wayne Co., _J. T. Plummer_, xliv, 281.^f ----, ----, ----, Illinois, upper, _C. U. Shepard_, xxxiv, 134.^f ----, ----, ----, Missouri, cretaceous formation, _J. N. Nicollet_, xli, 180; xlv, 153. ----, ----, ----, ----, lead, see _Lead_. ----, ----, ----, ----, limestone of the lead region, iii, 248. ----, ----, ----, Mississippi valley and the lakes, _J. B. Gibson_, xxix, 201. ----, ----, ----, ----, _H. King_, xlvii, 128. ----, ----, ----, Tennessee, East, _J. Peck_, xxiii, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, _G. Troost's_ report noticed, xxx, 391; xxxiv, 187. ----, ----, ----, Kentucky, near Louisville and Shippingsport canal, _I. A. Lapham_, xiv, 65.^f ----, ----, ----, Oregon, or West of the Rocky Mountains, _A. Eaton_, xxv, 351. ----, ----, ----, ----, _J. Ball_, xxviii, 1. ----, American, West Indies, _Nugent_, i, 140. ----, ----, ---- ----, St. Croix and Antigua, _S. Hovey_, xxxv, 64, 75. ----, ----, ---- ----, shell limestone, _S. Hovey_, xxxv, 71. ----, ----, ---- ----, chert, siliceous petrifactions, xxxv, 79. ----, ----, ---- ----, coral limestone raised in Dominica, St. Christopher's, St. Eustatia, &c., iv, 218. ----, ----, ---- ----, Cuba, oolitic strata, _I. Lea_, xl, 41. ----, South America, New Grenada, oolitic strata, _I. Lea_, xl, 41. ----, ---- ----, mining regions of Peru, xvii, 43. ----, ---- ----, Montevideo, xxix, 240. ----, ---- ----, Tarapaca Province, _J. H. Blake_, xliv, 1.^f ----, Sandwich Islands, rocks and minerals of, xvi, 345. ----, ---- ----, notices of, _C. S. Stewart_, xx, 229. ----, ---- ----, Hawaii, xi, 1. ----, ---- ----, ----, _E. G. Kelley_, xl, 117.^f ----, ---- ----, ----, Mauna Loa, xvi, 346. ----, ---- ----, Oahu, _J. D. Dana_, xliv, 407. ----, ---- ----, ----, _A. Ball_, xxviii, 15. ----, ---- ----, see further, under _Volcano_.

Geometry, by _N. I. Larkin_, ii, 359. ----, analytical, _C. Wilder_, xx, 285.^f

Georama at Paris, ix, 204; xii, 190.

Germany, city of Berlin, notice of, xx, 389.

German silver, made by _M. Frick_, xiii, 172. ---- Correspondent, a paper in New York, ii, 178.

Germination, influence of light on, _R. Hunt_, xlvi, 397. ---- of cellules, _C. Vogt_, xlv, 213.

Geum, species of, iv, 64; xlii, 35.

Geysers, remarks on, _G. Bischof_, xxxvi, 255. ---- of Iceland, siliceous concretions from, xxxi, 167; xxxii, 196.

_Gibbes, L. R._, on the resistance of fluids, xxvii, 135.

_Gibbon, J. H._, visit to the salt works of Zipaquera, xxxii, 89.

_Gibbs, G_., on the dry rot, ii, 114. ----, method of augmenting the force of gunpowder, i, 87. ----, connexion between magnetism and light, i, 89. ----, on the tourmalines and other minerals of Chesterfield, Mass., i, 346. ----, mineral cabinet of, at Yale College, ii, 169.

_Gibbs, J. W._, characteristics of some African dialects, xxxviii, 41; xxxix, 255. ----, contributions to English lexicography, xxxiii, 324; xli, 28. ----, ibid, origin of the names of beasts, birds and insects, xli, 32. ----, on the adverbial genitive case in English, xlv, 96. ----, on Greek conjugations, xxxvii, 112. ----, table of Greek correlatives, xxxiv, 337. ----, on Greek verbal roots in English, xlv, 284. ----, on the orthography of Hebrew words in the Roman character, xxiv, 87.

_Gibbs, O. W._, new form of magneto-electric machine, and account of a carbon battery, xxxix, 132. ----, on a natural system of chemical classification, xlix, 384.

Gibbsite in Massachusetts, iii, 239, (called Wavellite); v, 269; vi, 247, 364; viii, 52. ---- in New York, xl, 75.

_Gibson, J. B._, on the geology of the lakes and the valley of the Mississippi, xxix, 201.

Gigantolite, analysis of, xlii, 387.

Gilding by electrography, xli, 402.

Gin, loss of memory from the use of, xxvi, 211.

_Girard, P. S._, on navigable canals, iv, 102; vii, 286.

_Girardin_, analysis of guano, xlviii, 181.

Glaciers and boulders in Switzerland, _L. Agassiz_, xli, 59, 190. ---- in Switzerland, extent of, xlii, 357. ---- of the Alps, account of, _J. D. Forbes_, xlvi, 173. ---- in Scotland, former existence of, xli, 191. ----, a week among, _H. A. Grant_, xlvi, 281.

Glacier theory of _L. Agassiz_, xlii, 346.^f ---- ----, remarks on, _E. Hitchcock_, xliii, 396. ---- ---- of drift, _E. Hitchcock_, xlv, 324. ---- ---- ----, remarks on, _H. D. Rogers_, xlvii, 268.

Glasgow, supply of water to, iii, 372.

Glass, manufacture of, iii, 370. ----, ----, _H. N. Fenn_, xvi, 112.^f ---- from burning hay, xix, 395; xxiv, 174. ----, blowing of, xxiv, 380. ----, cloth of, xxxix, 386. ----, ductility of, viii, 392. ----, on the decomposition of, _D. Brewster_, xl, 324. ----, decay of an object-, xxviii, 69. ---- decomposed, rings of polarized light produced in specimens of, _D. Brewster_, xl. 325. ----, dividing of, by friction, _R. Hare_, xiii, 7.^f ----, _Guinand's_ flint, ix, 380. ----, opaline, cause of color of, xxvi, 66. ---- for optical purposes, manufacture of, _A. Bourne_, xl, 207. ----, porosity of, vii, 192. ----, spectacle, xxvii, 80. ----, silvering of, according to _Drayton's_ method, xlix, 198. ---- beads, manufactory of, at Venice, xxvii, 78. ---- houses, improved mode of drying wood for, xvii, 163. ---- vessels, method of cutting, xxiv, 206. ---- or porcelain vessels, a crust formed on, removed by muriatic acid, xxvi, 188.

Glasses, lamp, to prevent the cracking of, xxi, 165.

Glauberite, xlvii, 338.

Glaucolite, xv, 387.

Glucinium, atomic weight of, xlvii, 189.

Glyptodon, xxxvii, 232.

Gmelinite or hydrolite, _A. Connell_, xxxv, 195.

Gnaphalium decurrens, i, 310, 380.^f

Gnathodon, _T. A. Conrad_, xxxviii, 92.^f

Gneiss of the Connecticut valley, vi, 18.^f ---- quarries of Connecticut, _C. U. Shepard_, xxxiii, 170. ---- in western Massachusetts, viii, 5.^f ----, glandulous, vi, 20.

Goat, Cashmere Angora, remarks on, xxv, 208.

_Göbel's_ observations on formic acid, xxviii, 127.

_Godfrey, T._, grave of, xxxv, 389.

_Göthe, F. W._, honors to, from the king of Bavaria, ix, 184; xv, 171.

Goitre, causes of, iv, 339; xxii, 355.

Gold coinage in the United States, xx, 403. ----, amount deposited at the mint of the U. States, xx, 404. ----, an alloy imitating, x, 384; xiv, 371. ----, alembic for distilling amalgam of, _M. F. Maury_, xxxiii, 66.^f ----, new cyanide of, xlviii, 191. ----, fulminating, ii, 350; xlviii, 192. ----, medical uses of, xvi, 385. ----, method of refining, xvii, 177. ----, mosaic, xiii, 174. ---- oxides, purple of Cassius, ii, 350; xx, 192; xxviii, 145; xlviii, 192. ----, native, in Canada, _F. H. Baddely_, xxviii, 112. ----, ----, at New Fane, Vt., xii, 177; xxii, 63. ----, ----, in Maryland, xvii, 202. ----, ----, in Virginia, in talcose slate, _H. H. Hayden_, xx, 164. ----, ----, ----, account of mines and region, _B. Silliman_, xxxii, 98. ----, ----, ----, Moss and Busby's mines, _B. Silliman_, xxxii, 99. ----, ----, ----, Culpeper mine, _B. Silliman_, xxxii, 117, 185. ----, ----, ----, Louisa county mines, _B. Silliman_, xxxii, 126. ----, ----, ----, Fauquier and Culpeper Co. mines, _B. Silliman_, xxxii, 127. ----, ----, ----, large masses of, _B. Silliman_, xxxii, 101. ----, ----, ----, experiments on different varieties of rock containing, _B. Silliman_, xxxii, 105. ----, ----, ----, U. States mine near Fredericksburg, _M. F. Maury_, xxxii, 325. ----, ----, ----, ----, ibid, mode of working and yield, xxxii, 183. ----, ----, in Carolina, miscellaneous notices of, iii, 3; xvi, 360; xvii, 400; xlviii, 398. ----, ----, ----, large masses of, ix, 9. ----, ----, ----, _D. Olmsted_, on the mines of, ix, 5; xiv, 237. ----, ----, ----, remarks on mines of, _C. E. Rothe_, xiii, 201.^f ----, ----, ----, miscellaneous notices of the geology of the region of, _E. Mitchell_, xvi, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, on the nature of deposits, _F. L. Smith_, xxxii, 130. ----, native, of the Carolinas, in talcose slate, _A. Eaton_, xviii, 50. ----, ----, in Georgia, mines of, _W. Phillips_, xxiv, 1.^f ----, ----, ----, ----, washing for, xxiv, 14.^f ----, ----, ----, remarks on, xxxiv, 397. ----, ----, ----, analysis of, _W. W. Mather_, xxvii, 255. ----, ----, ----, western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee, geological account of districts, _J. Peck_, with a map, xxiii, 1.^f ----, ----, region of the U. States, xxvii, 348. ----, ----, yield of branch mines of U. States, xxvii, 350. ----, ----, of Mexico, in a rock equivalent to that containing the gold of the Carolinas, _A. Eaton_, xx, 124. ----, ----, mines of Brazil, yield of, xx, 403. ----, ----, in France, xl, 216. ----, ----, in Russia, annual yield, xvii, 406; xx, 402; xxi, 372. ----, ----, ----, in the Ural, deposit, ix, 183; xxviii, 395; xlvi, 211. ----, ----, ----, mines of Tobolsk, xvii, 25. ----, ----, a mass of twenty-five lbs., from the Russian mines, xii, 384. ----, ----, large mass of, found in N. Carolina, ix, 9. ----, ----, large masses of, in Virginia, _B. Silliman_, xxxii, 101. ----, ----, table showing the amount yielded by mines, xx, 401. ----, ----, containing rhodium, from Mexico, xi, 298. ---- coins, wear and tear of, throughout the world, xx, 402. ---- coinage, in the United States, amount of, xx, 403. ---- leaf, the blue color of transmitted light, _Dupasquier_, xlix, 391. ---- ----, adhering through electrical attraction, v, 198.

Goniometer, reflecting, improvement suggested by _A. Eaton_, xx, 158. ----, ----, simplification of Wollaston's, _R. Graves_, xxiii, 75.^f ----, ----, new mode of adjusting, xlvi, 372.^f

_Gonord_, a mode of enlarging an engraving on a copper plate, ii, 342.

Good Hope, Cape of, geology, scenery, &c., G. Champion, xxix, 230.

_Goode, W. H._, the daguerrotype and its applications, xl, 137.

_Goodrich, C. E._, notice of a peculiarity in vision, xiv, 264.^f

_Göppert, H. R._, views on the lapidification of vegetables, xxxiii, 109.

_Gorham, J._, a new work on chemistry announced, i, 434; iii, 331.

_Gorton, T._, some properties of a rampant arch, xxvii, 303.^f ----, on railroad curves, xxvii, 131.^f ----, turnouts in railroads, xxviii, 248.

Goshen minerals, ix, 21.

Goshenite, xlvii, 350. ----, _C. U. Shepard_, xlviii, 174, 176.

Gossamer spider, xvi, 399.

_Gould, A. A._, Report on the invertebrate animals of Massachusetts, xli, 378. ----, on zoological nomenclature, xlv, 1.

_Gould, D._, direct demonstration of the binomial theorem, xix, 50. ----, rational expression for sines, tangents and secants, xxii, 392.

Graduating instrument, new, iv, 398.

_Graham, T._, on the constitution of salts, xxxv, 300. ---- on Dumas's law of substitutions in chemistry, xxxviii, 114.

_Graham, Maria_, on the rise of the coast of Chili, xxviii, 237.

Grains, cereal, analyses of, _C. T. Jackson_ and _A. A. Hayes_, xiv, 339.

_Grammer, J._, coal mines near Richmond, Va., i, 125.

_Granger, E._, vegetable impressions on the rocks of the coal formation at Zanesville, Ohio, iii, 5.^f

Granite, artificial, xxiv, 205. ----, durability of, as compared with marble, xv, 168. ---- of Northern America, xvii, 1, _et seq._ ----, in Canada, origin of, _R. H. Bonnycastle_, xxx, 246. ---- intermixed with a fossiliferous limestone at Cataraqui, xviii, 104. ---- in Nova Scotia, xv, 206. ---- in New Hampshire, veins of, _O. P. Hubbard_, xxxiv, 123.^f ----, ----, porphyritic, vi, 10. ----, in Massachusetts, viii, 4; xxii, 14. ----, ----, graphic, i, 138; vi, 16; vii, 22.^f ----, ----, porphyritic, viii, 4. ----, ----, pseudomorphous, vi, 17; vii, 22.^f ----, ----, veins of, _E. Hitchcock_, vi, 13. ----, ----, ----, _C. Dewey_, viii, 4. ----, ----, ----, _E. Emmons_, viii, 250.^f ----, ----, ----, in mica slate, viii, 5.^f; xxvii, 344. ----, ----, ----, in granite, _A. Nash_, xii, 261.^f ----, ----, ----, in syenite, vi, 14.^f ---- in the Connecticut valley, vi, 1, _et seq._ ---- in Connecticut, graphic, ii, 204, 240. ---- in Pennsylvania, viii, 237. ---- in Vermont, at Bellows Falls, Vt., vi, 11. ---- quarry at Port Deposit and elsewhere, Maryland, xxvii, 19, 20. ---- in Italy, secondary, vii, 186. ---- at Christiana, Norway, xxxiv, 204. ----, views of _C. Lyell_ on, xxxiii, 116. ---- sometimes metamorphic, _J. D. Dana_, xlv, 108. ----, means of polishing, viii, 185. ----, polishing of, in India, iv, 246.

Granitogeny, a poem, v, 283.

_Grant, H. A._, a week among the glaciers, xlvi, 281.

Graphic granite in Massachusetts, i, 138; vi, 16; vii, 22.^f ---- ---- in Connecticut, ii, 204, 240.

Graphite, conversion of cannon balls into, iv, 178. ---- in coal-gas retorts, vii, 380. ----, formed by pressure, xlix, 227. ----, fusion of, by galvanism, vi, 341. ---- of Sturbridge, Mass., xviii, 377. ---- of Worcester, Mass., probable age of, _C. Lyell_, xlvii, 214. ---- of Wake, N. Carolina, notice of, _D. Olmsted_, xiv, 243. ----, mode of working mine of, at Borrowdale, xxxi, 177. ---- of Ticonderoga, vi, 178. ---- at Mount Dunderberg, N. Y., v, 29. ----, for chronometers instead of oil, xviii, 179. ---- in Maine, x, 17. ---- in New Hampshire, ii, 241; vi, 245. ---- in Massachusetts, vi, 248; viii, 54; x, 18; xviii, 377; xxii, 47. ---- in Connecticut, i, 239, 354; ii, 238; viii, 259; xxxiii, 164. ---- in New York, i, 237; iv, 48; v, 29; vi, 178; ix, 41; xix, 224; xl, 75. ---- in New Jersey, v, 246. ---- in Pennsylvania, x, 220; xiv, 10, 14. ---- in Maryland, xviii, 80. ---- in the Carolinas, iv, 53; v, 263, 264, 407; xiv, 243. ---- in Canada, viii, 74. ---- battery, _B. Silliman, Jr._, xliii, 393; xliv, 180.^f

Graptolites, remarks on, xlvii, 370.^f

Grasshopper's leg a substitute for frogs in galvanic experiments, _J. W. Bailey_, xxxi, 292.^f

Grasses, the importance of, to man, _W. Darlington_, xli, 365.

Gratiola micrantha, v, 287. ---- missouriana, x, 258.

Gravel, singular deposit near Troy, _A. Eaton_, v, 22.

_Graves, R._, a gelatinous meteor, ii, 335. ----, on a simplification of Wollaston's goniometer, xxiii, 75.^f

Gravity, specific, on the means of taking, _R. Hare_, xi, 121.^f ----, ----, of various minerals, _Breithaupt_, xxxi, 268. ----, varying in its action, leading to errors in determinations of the earth's figure, xv, 172.

_Gray, A._, botanical excursions to the mountains of N. Carolina, xlii, 1. ----, notices of European herbaria, especially those interesting to American botanists, xl, 1. ----, selections from the correspondence of Cadwallader Colden, xliv, 85. ----, synonymy of several North American plants of the Orchis tribe, xxxviii, 306. ----, remarks on vegetable fecundation, xxxi, 308.

Grease of wines, xxii, 192.

Greece, modern and ancient, notices of, _S. G. Howe_, xviii, 250. ----, remarks on the antiquities of, and the efforts to preserve, xxxvi, 192. ----, Grecian Archipelago, iron, rutile, serpentine and heavy spar in, xxxi, 175. ----, model farm in, xix, 193.

Grecian University at Corfu, ii, 348.

_Green, H._, vegetable organography and physiology, xxxviii, 49.

_Green, Jacob_, air lamp, inflammable, ii, 330.^f ----, blowpipe, new, iv, 164.^f ----, crystallization instantaneous, instance of, iii, 93. ----, ---- of snow, ii, 337.^f ----, petrified tree near Chitteningo, New York, v, 251. ----, rattlesnake bones, curious fact concerning, iii, 85. ----, trilobites, notice of a monograph on, xxiii, 395. ----, ----, new, xxv, 334. ----, ----, structure of, &c., xxxvii, 25.^f ----, ----, genus Paradoxides of _Brongniart_, and on the genus Triarthrus, xxxiii, 341. ----, ----, Calymene Rowii, xxxiii, 406. ----, ----, Calymene bufo, note on, xxxviii, 410. ----, ----, Asaphas diurus, xxxvii, 40.

_Green, James_, barometer and other instruments, construction of, xxvii, 292.

Green, Schweinfurt's, preparation of, vii, 386.

Green malachite, see _Malachite_. ---- earth in Massachusetts, i, 113. ---- paint, a new, for artists, xxviii, 148. ---- sand in France, viii, 217. ---- ---- in New Jersey, see _Cretaceous_.

Greenland, east coast, formerly inhabited by Europeans, xv, 166. ----, subsidence of the coast of, xxx, 379. ----, rocks and country of, xvii, 14. ----, population of, iii, 384. ----, ice, i, 101.

Greenstone in Western Massachusetts, viii, 9. ---- of Nova Scotia, xiv, 305. ---- of the Connecticut valley, account of, _E. Hitchcock_, vi, 31, 44. ----, junction of with the sandstone, vi, 47. ----, columnar, Connecticut valley, vi, 53. ----, degradation of, vi, 55. ----, dikes of, Connecticut valley, vi, 47, 56. ----, see further under _Trap_.

Greek conjugations, _J. W. Gibbs_, xxxvii, 112. ---- correlatives, _J. W. Gibbs_, xxxiv, 337. ---- fire, _J. Cutbush_ on, vi, 302. ---- verbal roots in English, _J. W. Gibbs_, xlv, 284.

Grevilleanum serratum, xi, 183.^f

Greystone, characters of, xv, 32.

_Griffith, Mary_, on the halo which surrounds all bodies, xxxviii, 22.

Grindstones of Nova Scotia, xv, 148; xxx, 338.

_Griscom, J._, on botanical fêtes in France, ix, 154.

_Griswold, C._, submarine explosion, ii, 94.

_Gronovius, J. F._, letters from, to C. Colden, xliv, 85.

Grooves in rocks, see _Scratches_.

Grotto del Cane, xxiv, 244.

Grove's voltaic battery, xxxviii, 116. ---- ---- ----, experiments with, _S. F. B. Morse_, xlv, 390.^f ---- ---- ----, on the use of carbon in, _B. Silliman, Jr._, xliii, 393; xliv, 180.^f

Groves of evergreens, their value near gardens, &c., xxii, 158.

Growth of wheat, on the acceleration of, _G. W. Hall_, xxxi, 345. ---- of timber, xxiv, 391.

Guaco, notice of, xxii, 182. ----, medical virtues of, confirmed, _W. R. Johnson_, xxvii, 171. ----, remedy for hydrophobia, _W. R. Johnson_, xxiv, 279. ----, note on, xxiv, 388.

Guadaloupe fossil human skeleton, description of the skull of, _J. Moultrie_, xxxii, 361.

Guano, remarks on, _J. E. Teschemacher_, xlvi, 203. ----, account and analysis of, xlviii, 181. ----, change in bones in, _R. Warrington_, xlix, 391. ----, xanthic oxide in, xlix, 200. ----, xanthine in, _Unger_, xlix, 391.

_Guillemin, J. B. A._, on the bitterness of vegetables, xxiv, 273.

Gulf of Mexico, accumulation of water in, supposed from the action of the Gulf Stream, v, 353.

Gulf Stream, cause of, v, 353. ---- ----, existence of, determined by _B. Franklin_, xlvii, 162. ---- ----, supposed connection of, with opposite currents on the coast of the United States, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxii, 349. ---- ----, extent of, xxxii, 350. ---- ----, ice of the north brought within the dissolving influence of, on the Newfoundland bank, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxii, 351. ---- ----, loss of vessels in, xx, 158. ---- ----, remarks on, _M. F. Maury_, xlvii, 161.

Gum, composition of, xxii, 350. ---- ammoniacum, xx, 399.

Gun barrels, browning of, xxxiv, 45.

Gunpowder, _A. Ure_ on the composition of, xx, 190. ----, experiments on, _A. Mordecai_, xlix, 180. ----, inflamed underwater, xxii, 354. ----, method of augmenting the force of, _Geo. Gibbs_, i, 87. ----, safe process for manufacturing, _S. Guthrie_, xxi, 292.

_Guthrie, S._, mode of obtaining chloric ether, xxi, 64; xxii, 105. ----, chemical products by, xxi, 92. ----, fulminating preparations, xxi, 288, 293. ----, gunpowder, safe process, xxi, 292. ----, molasses from the potato, xxi, 93. ----, sugar from potato starch, xxi, 284. ----, purification of turpentine, xxi, 291. ----, pure oil of turpentine, xxi, 93. ----, vaporization of mercury in the fumes of nitric ether, xxi, 90.

Gymnasium at New Haven, xiii, 385; xiv, 400.

Gymnastic science in France, x, 176.

Gymnastics in Switzerland, v, 191.

Gypsies, essay on, xxiv, 342. ---- in America, xxvi, 189.

Gypsum, action of, as a manure, xxvi, 181. ----, experiments on the solidification of, _J. P. Emmet_, xxiii, 209. ----, fertilizing properties of, xxii, 350. ----, origin of, _L. Vanuxem_, xii, 92. ----, curved, mammoth cave, Ky., xlii, 206.^f ---- of the basin of mines, Nova Scotia, xv, 146. ----, localities of, in New York, i, 243; iv, 36; v, 39, 40; xvi, 377; xxxvi, 38. ----, ----, in Maryland, xxvii, 8. ----, ----, in Ohio, iv, 51, 52; v, 39; vii, 48; xvi, 158. ----, ----, in Canada, viii, 71. ----, ----, in Michigan, vii, 47. ----, ----, in Virginia, i, 62; iv, 52. ----, ----, Prince Regent's Inlet, xvii, 10. ----, ----, in Nova Scotia, xiv, 229; xv, 146. ----, ----, in the Hartz, xix, 111. ----, ----, in Sicily, viii, 204. ----, ----, in Africa, iv, 33. ---- and accompanying marine limestones, in Nova Scotia, age and position of, _C. Lyell_, xlv, 356.

Gyropodium coccineum, ix, 56.^f

H.

Hæmatoxylin, _O. L. Erdman_, xliv, 357.

Hail, formation of, xix, 396.

Hail storms, cause of, in warm weather, _B. Hallowell_, xv, 361. ---- ----, phenomena and causes of, _D. Olmsted_, xviii, 1.^f ---- ----, reply to _A. T. Christie_ on, by _D. Olmsted_, xx, 373. ---- ----, _A. T. Christie's_ views on, xx, 373. ---- ----, _A. Jones_, xxiii, 35.^f ----, ----, remarks on, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxiii, 55. ----, ---- in Louisiana, _W. M. Carpenter_, xxvii, 171. ----, ----, rods a protection against, x, 196.

Hail-rods, in France, x, 196; xii, 398. ---- ----, ----, efficacy of, xiv, 37.

_Haile, A. B._, observations on the magnetic disturbance during an Aurora, Nov., 1837, xxxiv, 270.

Hailstones, structure of, xxiii, 36.^f ---- at Clermont, France, large, xxxi, 191.

_Haldeman, S. S._, on the Melanians of Lamarck, xli, 21; xlii, 216. ----, notice of the zoological writings of the late _C. S. Rafinesque_, xlii, 280. ----, species of mollusca common to Europe and America, xlvii, 412.

_Hale, M._, geological notice of Troy, iii, 72.

_Hall, F._, notice of, xlvii, 139. ----, notes on a tour in France, Italy and Elba, xxxii, 74. ----, on some minerals from Palestine, ix, 337. ----, notice of oriental minerals, xxxiii, 249. ----, ores of iron and manganese in Vermont, iii, 57. ----, waterfall, in the Green Mts., and an excavation in the rocks, vi, 252.

_Hall, James_, on the crinoidea, xlv, 349. ----, fossils of U. States, general remarks on the distribution of, xlv, 157; xlvii, 117. ----, Paradoxides, species of, xxxiii, 139.^f ----, ripple marks and casts of furrows, xlv, 148. ----, sections at Portage, N. Y., xlv, 329. ----, shells, microscopic, from a marl slate, Cincinnati, xlviii, 292.

_Hall, J._, Western States, general account of geology of, xlii, 51.

_Hall, John_, on the staining of wood, and on medical electricity, iii, 166.

_Hallowell, B._, on the cause of hail in warm weather, xv, 361. ----, blue color of sky, twinkling of stars, and on the deception as to the number in view on a clear evening, xv, 360.

Halos, theory of, _E. S. Snell_, xlix, 73.^f ----, lunar, West Point, March 20, 1831, xx, 299. ----, solar, seen in N. York, at Cazenovia, _J. W. Tyler_, xxi, 189. ----, ----, ibid, in Otsego Co., Feb. 1823, xx, 297. ----, ----, ibid, at Kingston, _R. H. Bonnycastle_, xxx, 136. ----, ----, ibid, at West Point, _A. C. Twining_, xxxii, 229. ----, ----, ibid, New Lebanon, _T. Kendall_, vii, 337.^f ----, ----, seen in Kentucky, August, 1825, xi, 325.^f ----, ----, seen in Rhode Island, September, 1816, xi, 328.^f ----, ----, seen in Tennessee, at Jackson, x, 368.^f

Hambato, S. America, account of, xxiv, 382.

_Hamilton, J._, on terrestrial magnetism, xxxvii, 100.

_Hamilton, M._, earthquakes of S. America, xli, 57.

Hammer, new mineralogical, _E. Hitchcock_, vii, 175.^f

_Hansteen's_ journey in Siberia, notice of, xvii, 392.

_Harden, J. M. B._, formula for ascertaining the weight and volume in a mixture of two bodies, xxxvii, 289.

_Hare, C._, perchloric ether, xl, 50; xlii, 63. ----, on the destructive distillation of the sulphate of etherine, xxxvi, 77. ----, reaction of sulphuric acid with the essential oil of hemlock, xxxvii, 246.

_Hare, R._, acids and salts, remarks on the nature of, xxvii, 63, 67. ----, ----, classes of, xxvii, 69. ----, air pump of a new construction, xxxiii, 237.^f ----, alkanet, as a substitute for litmus, v, 348. ----, ammonia, nitrate, on the preparing of pure, v, 348. ----, atoms, on the views of _Faraday_, respecting, xlviii, 247. ----, amphide salts, on the existence of radicals in, xlv, 52, 247. ----, barium, strontium and calcium, extrication of, xxxvii, 267; xxxviii, 115; xxxix, 362; xl, 293.^f ----, blasting rocks, by galvanic ignition, xxi, 139; xxvi, 352.^f; xxxviii, 188. ----, blowpipe, improved alcohol, vii, 110.^f ----, ----, hydrostatic, xi, 135.^f ----, ----, strictures on a publication entitled Clark's gas blowpipe, ii, 281.^f ----, ----, oxy-hydrogen, fusion of a large amount of platina with, xxxiii, 195; xxxv, 328. ----, boron, process for evolving, xxii, 189; xxiv, 249.^f ----, calorimotor, i, 413.^f; v, 94. ----, ----, for igniting platina in the galvano-ignition apparatus, xxxii, 284.^f ----, carbon, on the fusion of, in reply to _L. Vanuxem_, viii, 288; x, 111. ----, ----, experiments on the fusion of, x, 118. ----, ----, ----, remarks on, xxxviii, 190. ----, carbonic acid, apparatus for exhibiting some of the properties of, xiv, 358.^f ----, carbonic oxide, apparatus for separating from carbonic acid, xxiv, 252.^f ----, chemical nomenclature, xxvii, 63; xxxii, 259. ----, ibid, in a letter to _Berzelius_, xlix, 249. ----, Chemistry, compendium of, noticed, xx, 95. ----, chlorine, explosive reaction of hydrogen with, under the sun's rays, xxix, 243.^f ----, ----, apparatus for combustion of metals in, xiv, 354.^f ----, chlorohydric acid, preparation of, from the muriatic acid of commerce, xxxix, 371. ----, cold, apparatus for producing ebullition by, xxxiii, 248.^f ----, collapse of a reservoir, xxxiii, 242.^f ----, cryophorus, improved, xxxiii, 244.^f ----, cyanogen, analysis of, xv, 271.^f ----, deflagrator, galvanic, iv, 201; v, 94.^f ----, ----, ----, improved forms of, and powers, vii, 347^f; xl, 48. ----, deflagrating carburets, phosphurets, &c., in vacuo, mode of, xl, 303.^f ----, De Luc's column, on the construction of, xxv, 136.^f ----, on electricity, vii, 103.^f ----, ----, on some inferences from the phenomena of the spark, in _Thomson's_ work on heat and electricity, xxxii, 278. ----, ----, on the causes of the diversity in the length of sparks erroneously distinguished by the terms positive and negative, xxxii, 275.^f ----, electrical brush, xxxii, 277.^f ----, electric induction, and letters to _Faraday_ on, xxxviii, 1; xli, 1. ----, ---- ----, _M. Faraday_ in reply to, xxxix, 108; xlii, 291. ----, electrical machine, plate, vii, 108^f; (large) xxxii, 272.^f ----, ---- ----, on the error that they must communicate with the earth, xxiv, 253. ----, electrometer, single leaf, vii, 351^f; viii, 99; xxv, 136.^f ----, ----, modification of the single leaf, xxv, 136.^f ----, electrometer, use of, as an electric discriminator, xxv, 136. ----, electro-magnetic and galvanic experiments, viii, 145. ----, ether, hypo-nitro-acetic, xxxv, 329. ----, ----, nitrous, new process for, ii, 326.^f ----, ----, nitric, process for, xxxiii, 241.^f ----, ----, sulphurous, xxxi, 275. ----, etherine, sulphate of, xxxi, 275. ----, eudiometer, a new, ii, 312^f; x, 67^f; xii, 36^f; xxxvii, 383. ----, ----, barometer gage, xxxii, 280.^f ----, ----, subsidiary, xv, 271.^f ----, eudiometry by means of nitric oxide, xv, 260.^f ----, freezing water by aid of sulphuric acid, apparatus for, xxvii, 132.^f ----, fulminating powder, consisting of cyanogen and calcium, process for, xxxvii, 268. ----, ----, silver, injury to, from the explosion of, xxii, 185. ----, galvanic apparatus, new modifications of, iii, 105.^f ----, ----, ignition of gunpowder, xxxvii, 269. ----, galvano-ignition apparatus, xxxii, 282. ----, ----, ibid, see above, under _blasting_. ----, galvanism, new theory of, i, 413.^f ----, ----, series, new, combining the advantages of the trough and deflagrator, xxxii, 265.^f ----, ----, new rotatory multiplier, xxxviii, 339.^f ----, apparatus for regulating the supply of gas by its absorption, xiii, 2.^f ----, gases, a mode of obtaining the specific gravity of, xvi, 293, 295.^f ----, gaseous mixtures, analysis of, xv, 279, 283. ----, gasometers, mode of suspending, iv, 312.^f ----, glass, method of dividing by friction, xiii, 7.^f ----, heat, on the cause of, iv, 142. ----, ----, capacities for, apparatus for illustrating, xiii, 6.^f ----, ----, ----, apparatus for showing an increase of, in air with relaxed pressure, xiii, 5.^f ----, ----, reply to _D. Olmsted_, on the materiality of, xii, 50, 366; xiii, 8. ----, liquids, apparatus for transferring or decanting, xxvi, 358.^f ----, hydrometers, xi, 115. ----, hydrostatic blowpipe, xi, 135.^f ----, laboratory of, xix, 26.^f ----, laudanum, xii, 291. ----, light, means of producing, ii, 172. ----, lightning rods, xiii, 322. ----, litrameter, xi, 133.^f ----, meconic acid, mode of obtaining, xii, 293. ----, matter is heavy as demonstrated by _W. Whewell_, reply to, xiii, 260. ----, nitrogen, apparatus for obtaining, from the atmosphere, xiv, 356^f; xxviii, 263.^f ----, nitrous oxide, properties of, xvi, 298. ----, ----, ----, method of obtaining, xvi, 295, 297.^f ----, palm-glass, cold produced by, xiii, 4.^f ----, olefiant gas, on the analysis of, xv, 270. ----, opium, mode of detecting minute quantities of, xii, 290. ----, platina, on the fusion of, xxxiii, 195; xxxv, 328. ----, pneumatic cistern, xiv, 200^f; xxxiii, 246.^f ----, potassium, improved process for, xxxviii, 338. ----, phosphorus, combustion of, in nitrous oxide, xxxii, 290.^f ----, prussic acid, apparatus for the evolution of, xxix, 244.^f ----, sassarubrin, a resin, xxxi, 285. ----, silicon, mode of obtaining, xxii, 189; xl, 28. ----, ----, apparatus for evolving from fluo-silicic acid, xxiv, 247.^f ----, silver, nitrate of, preparation of pure, v, 348. ----, on specific gravities, xi, 121.^f ----, storms of the Atlantic coast, v, 352. ----, ----, on Redfield's theory of, xlii, 140; xliii, 122. ----, ----, on Dové's essay on, xliv, 137; xlviii, 220. ----, ----, replies of _W. C. Redfield_ to, xlii, 299; xliii, 250^f; xliv, 384. ----, ----, or tornado in R. Island, Aug. 1838, and others, xxxviii, 73. ----, ----, tornado and water spout, causes of, xxxii, 153.^f ----, sulphurous acid, reaction of the essential oils with, xxxi, 281. ----, syphons, improved, xxiv, 317.^f ----, valve cock, xxiv, 251.^f ----, volumescope, description of, xv, 275^f; xxviii, 264.^f ----, ----, application of, xv, 278.^f ----, volumeter, xii, 38.^f ----, water, apparatus for decomposition and recomposition of, xxxviii, 336.^f ----, Woulfe's apparatus, a substitute for, i, 410^f; xiii, 1.^f

_Harlan, R._, Arvicola ferrugineus, x, 285. ----, Batracian reptiles, new, with observations on the larvæ of frogs, x, 53. ----, bones from near the mouth of the Mississippi, xiv, 186. ----, lizards, orbicular, notice of, xxxi, 383. ----, mammalia, fossil, from the Brunswick canal, Georgia, xliii, 141.^f ----, mouse, new species of, xxxi, 385. ----, Orycterotherium, xlii, 392; xliv, 69.^f ----, Salamandra pennsylvanica, x, 286. ----, tortoise, freshwater, xxxi, 382.^f ----, Medical and Physical Researches of, noticed, xxx, 188. ----, new fossil mammalia of, _R. Owen_ on, xliv, 341. ----, ibid, in reply to R. Owen, xlv, 208.

_Harris, W. S._, utility of lightning conductors on ships, xxi, 347. ----, meteorological observations at Plymouth, xliii, 369.

_Harris, T. W._, North American Sphinges, xxxvi, 282. ----, Report on Insects injurious to vegetation, noticed, xliii, 386.

Hariz, Europe, notices of, _T. G. Clemson_, xix, 105.^f

_Haskins, R. W._, examination of the theory of a resisting medium in space, xxxiii, 1. ----, Astronomy of, noticed, xli, 389.

_Hassler, F. R._, methods and plans of, in the survey of the coast of the United States, xvi, 225. ----, repeating theodolite, description of, _C. Wilkes_, U.S.N., xvi, 252.^f

Hats, manufacture of, x, 193.

Hawaii, see _Sandwich Islands_.

_Hawkins'_ Saurian remains purchased, xxix, 367.

Hay, siliceous glass from burning, xix, 395; xxiv, 174.

_Hayden, C. B._, analysis of the Scott spring, Va., xliv, 409. ----, on the ice mountain of Hampshire Co., Va., xlv, 78.^f ----, on the rock-salt and salines of the Holston, Va., xliv, 173.

_Hayden, H. H._, Geological Essays of, noticed, iii, 47. ----, on the Bare Hills, near Baltimore, xxiv, 349.^f ----, notices of the geology of the country near Bedford springs, Pennsylvania, xix, 97.

Haydenite, description of, xlvi, 379.^f ----, analysis, by _B. Silliman, Jr._, xlvi, 380.

_Hayes, A. A._, chlorine, carbon and hydrogen, two new compounds of, xxii, 141. ----, chromium, combinations of, xiv, 136. ----, columbic acid, investigations on, xlvi, 166. ----, dewpoint, remarks on, xviii, 63. ----, hygrometer, portable, xvii, 351.^f ----, meteoric iron, Alabama, xlviii, 147. ----, microlite and pyrochlore, identity of, xliii, 33; xlvi, 158. ----, tin, action of metallic, on the muriate of, xxxviii, 408. ----, Tarapaca saline minerals, nitrates, iodates, borates, xxxviii, 410.

_Hayes, G. E._, geology of western New York, with remarks on the causes of its topographical features, xxxi, 241; xxxv, 86.^f

_Hayes, J. L._, on the geographical distribution and phenomena of volcanoes, xlvii, 127. ----, influence of icebergs upon drift, xlv, 316, 326.

_Haymond, R._, on remains of Megatherium and Mastodon, xlvi, 294.

_Hazard, R. G._, method of describing a hyperbola, xxi, 314.^f

Heat, absorption of, _Nobili_ and _Melloni_ on, xxiii, 188. ----, ----, apparatus for illustrating, _A. D. Bache_, xxviii, 320.^f ----, animal, vii, 200. ----, ----, influence of the nerves on, x, 390. ----, ----, _Nobili_ and _Melloni's_ experiments on insects, &c., xxiii, 185. ---- of different animals, x, 382. ----, capacity of gas for, iv, 372. ----, ---- of air, apparatus for illustrating, _R. Hare_, xiii, 5^f, 6.^f ----, cause of, _R. Hare_, iv, 142. ----, of combination, law of, _Andrews_, xlvi, 397. ----, conduction of, notice of _Despretz's_ investigations, v, 378. ----, ----, laws of, _Kelland_, xlii, 161. ----, ----, by water, _C. Dewey_, xxviii, 151. ----, connection of, with electricity and magnetism, _J. F. Dana_, vi, 163. ----, diathermancy of rock salt, _Melloni_, xl, 313. ----, of the earth, iv, 372. ----, ----, at different depths, xxiii, 14; xxxvii, 357. ----, ----, rate of increase downward, _A. De la Rive_ and _F. Marcet_, xxvii, 397. ----, ----, ibid, _L. Cordier_, xv, 116. ----, ----, detailed analysis of, _L. Cordier's_ essay upon, xv, 109. ----, ----, criticism of Poisson's view, _J. D. Forbes_, xl, 319. ----, ----, _G. Bischof_, xxxvii, 52. ----, ----, _W. Whewell_, xxix, 349. ----, ----, and of space, _Baron Fourier_, xxxii, 1. ----, ----, effects of internal and solar, on the temperature of the globe, xxxii, 1. ----, ----, in mines, _R. W. Fox_, xxxiv, 46. ----, effect of, on magnetism, _C. Matteucci_, xxii, 361. ----, ---- of long continued, on minerals, experiment to determine, _W. V. Harcourt_, xxix, 357. ----, ---- of, on some minerals or rocks in New York, _L. C. Beck_, xlv, 143; xlvi, 333. ----, moon's, xl, 315. ----, _Nobili_ and _Melloni's_ experiments on, xxiii, 185; xl, 313. ----, polarization of, xxviii, 366, 397. ----, polarized, and on his claims to the discovery of, _J. D. Forbes_, xl, 317. ----, production of, and of light, _J. L. Sullivan_, i, 91. ----, ----, from combustion, x, 382. ----, ----, by compression of glass, xx, 180. ----, ----, by friction, cause of, _J. T. Watson_, viii, 276. ----, ----, by combination with oxygen, different for different substances, and amount of, xv, 392. ----, radiated, influence of color on, _A. D. Bache_, xxx, 16; xxxiv, 39. ----, ----, transmission and refraction of, _Melloni_, xxvii, 228; xl, 313. ----, ---- ----, _J. D. Forbes_, xl, 315; refraction of, xxviii, 366. ----, radiation of, apparatus for illustrating, _A. D. Bache_, xxviii, 320.^f ----, ----, _Powell's_ report on, noticed, xl, 313. ----, of space, _W. Whewell_, xxix, 349. ----, ----, _Baron Fourier_, xxxii, 1. ----, specific, of gases, some of the laws of, xiii, 394. ----, ----, of certain solids, method of determining and calculating, _W. R. Johnson_, xxvii, 267. ----, sun's, _W. Whewell_, xxix, 349. ----, general views on, x, 78. ---- at the bottom of the ocean not necessarily diffused by upward currents, _W. C. Redfield_, xlv, 138. ---- and light, _S. Morey_, ii, 118, 122. ---- and vapor, inquiries respecting, _W. R. Johnson_, xxi, 304. ----, see further under _Meteorology_ and _Temperature_.

Heated waters, an agent in producing metamorphic changes, _J. D. Dana_, xlv, 104.

Heating houses by furnaces below, some important precautions, xxxiv, 84.

Heavy spar, of Berlin, Ct., analysis of, _G. T. Bowen_, iv, 325. ----, localities of, in Canada, viii, 72. ----, ----, in Carolina, iii, 4; v, 257. ----, ----, in Connecticut, i, 240; ii, 373; iv, 325; v, 40, 42.^f, 254; vi, 211. ----, ----, in Massachusetts, i, 115; vi, 211. ----, ----, in New Jersey, xxxvi, 103. ----, ----, in New York, i, 237; ii, 173, 368; v, 28; vii, 56; viii, 249; xxv, 346; xxvii, 364; xxviii, 175. ----, ----, in Tennessee, i, 63. ----, ----, in Virginia, i, 63. ----, ----, in Sicily, viii, 205.

Hebrew words, orthography of, _J. W. Gibbs_, xxiv, 87.

_Heckewelder, John_, labors of, xxxi, 64, 66.

Height, on the measurement of, by boiling water, xxxvii, 19. ----, mean, of the continents above the sea, xlix, 397. ---- of Lake Erie and various places in western New York, _C. Dewey_, xxxiii, 122. ---- of places in Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania and New York, _C. Whittlesey_, xlv, 12. ---- ---- in Wisconsin, _I. A. Lapham_, xlvi, 258.

Hematite, see _Iron Ore_.

Hemlock, reaction of sulphuric with the essential oil of, xxxvii, 246.

Hemming's safety tube, _J. W. Webster_, xxxvii, 104.

Hemorrhage, remedy for, v, 409.

Hemp, Manilla, account of, xli, 200.^f

_Hemprich_ and _Ehrenberg_, notice of journey by, in Northern Africa, vii, 195.

_Henry, J._, electro-dynamic induction, xxxviii, 209^f; xli, 117.^f ----, large, xix, 408.^f ----, electro-magnetic experiments, by, xxii, 403. ----, ---- apparatus, application of galvanic multiplier to, xix, 400.^f ----, ---- ----, remarks in confirmation of, _J. W. Webster_ and _R. Hare_, xx, 143. ----, magnetism, production of currents of electricity and sparks from, xxii, 403. ----, magnetic attraction and repulsion, reciprocating motion of, xx, 340.^f ----, ---- needle, disturbance during an Aurora, xxii, 143. ----, soap-bubble, experiments with, on molecular attraction, xlviii, 215. ----, spark from a long conductor in a galvanic battery, xxviii, 327. ----, spiral conductor, action of, xxviii, 329.

_Henry, W._, on the disinfecting powers of increased temperatures, xxi, 392; xxii, 111.^f ----, philosophical character of Priestley, xxiv, 28.

_Hentz, N. M._, on North American spiders, xxi, 99.^f ----, a new sub-genus of spiders, xli, 116.^f

Hepatic blende, xlii, 387.

Herbaria, European, notices of, xl, 1.

Herculaneum manuscripts, ii, 340.

_Herrick, E. C._, Argulus catostomi, description of, xxxi, 297.^f ----, Aurora Borealis, in summer, with abstract of Huxham's auroral register, xxxiii, 297. ----, ---- ----, February, 1837, xxxii, 396. ----, ---- ----, July, 1837, xxxiii, 144. ----, ---- ----, ibid, needle agitated during, xxxiii, 146. ----, ---- ----, Nov. 14, 1837, influence of, on the magnetic needle, xxxiv, 270. ----, ---- ----, of Sept. 1839, xxxviii, 260. ----, ---- ----, April, 1842, xliii, 213. ----, ---- ----, August, 1844, New Haven, xlviii, 319. ----, ---- ----, belt of May, 1840, xxxix, 194, 383. ----, great comet of 1843, xliv, 412; xlv, 191, 229. ----, elm tree moth, parasite of the eggs of, xxxviii, 385; xl, 211. ----, Hessian fly and its parasites, xli, 153. ----, meteorite of Missouri, xxxvii, 385. ----, meteor of Dec. 14, 1837, xxxvii, 130. ----, Weston meteorite, Dec. 1807, xxxvii, 132. ----, shooting stars, facts showing the probable annual occurrence in August, xxxiii, 177, 354, 401. ----, ---- ----, probable periods of showers, in October, June, January, February, July, September, xxxv, 366. ----, ---- ----, April and November showers, cycle of, xl, 365. ----, ---- ----, August showers, characteristics of, xxxiii, 359. ----, ---- ----, nature, motions, numbers of, xxxiii, 360. ----, ---- ----, theory of, xxxiii, 363; xxxv, 367. ----, ---- ----, contributions towards a history of the showers, of former times, xl, 349; (errata) xlviii, 319. ----, ---- ----, of April, 1095, 1122 and 1803, xxxvi, 358, 361. ----, ---- ----, of June, various instances of showers in former times, xlii, 201. ----, ---- ----, of January, 1825, 1838 and 1839, xxxix, 334. ----, ---- ----, of August, 1837, xxxiii, 176; xxxiv, 180. ----, ---- ----, of April, 1838, xxxiv, 398. ----, ---- ----, of August, 1838, xxxv, 167. ----, ---- ----, of December, 1838, xxxv, 361; xxxvi, 355; xlii, 398. ----, ---- ----, of April, 1839, xxxvi, 361. ----, ---- ----, of August, 1839, xxxvii, 325. ----, ---- ----, of August, 1840, xxxix, 328; xl, 201. ----, ---- ----, of October and December, 1840, xl, 203. ----, ---- ----, of April, 1841, xlii, 397. ----, ---- ----, of August, 1841, xli, 399; xlii, 202. ----, ---- ----, of April, 1842, xliii, 212. ----, ---- ----, of August, 1842, xliii, 377; xliv, 208. ----, ---- ----, of November, 1842, xliv, 209. ----, ---- ----, of December, 1842, xliv, 210. ----, ---- ----, of April, 1843, xlv, 230. ----, ---- ----, of August, 1844, xlviii, 316.

Herring, the mode of curing of, when discovered, xx, 183.

_Herschel, J. F. W._, astronomical observations at the Cape of Good Hope, xxxv, 283. ----, remarkable phenomena of Halley's comet, xxxv, 285. ----, photographic process by which dormant pictures are made that may be developed by the breath, xlvi, 393. ----, on meteoric iron from South Africa, xxxvi, 213.

Hessian fly, some account of, _J. E. Muse_, xxii, 71. ----, observations on, _M. H. Morris_, xl, 381. ----, account of, _E. C. Herrick_, xli, 153.

Heterosite, analysis of, xix, 371.

Heulandite of Paterson and Bound Brook, N.J., _L. C. Beck_, xliv, 59.^f ----, locality in New Jersey, xliv, 59. ----, ---- in Nova Scotia, xxx, 345, 349. ----, Beaumontite and Lincolnite identical with, _F. Alger_, xlvi, 233.^f

_Heuvel, J. C. vanden_, on the honey bees of America, iii, 79.

_Hewitson, W._, notice of a work on Oology, by, xxxvii, 166.

_Hibbert, S._, on the fresh water limestone of Burdie House, near Edinburgh, xxviii, 365.

Hieroglyphical investigations, _T. Young_, xxii, 245.

Highlands of New York and New Jersey, geology and mineralogy of, v. 26.

_Hildreth, S. P._, on the Cicada Septemdecem, or seventeen year locust, xviii, 47.^f ----, meteorological register and calendar, with various memoranda, for 1828, at Marietta, Ohio, xvi, 44. ----, ibid, for 1829, xviii, 368. ----, ibid, for 1830, xx, 126. ----, ibid, for 1831, xxii, 109. ----, ibid, for 1832, xxiv, 132. ----, ibid, for 1833, xxvi, 84. ----, ibid, for 1834, xxviii, 160. ----, ibid, for 1835, xxx, 56. ----, ibid, for 1836, xxxii, 95. ----, ibid, for 1837, xxxiv, 132. ----, ibid, for 1838, xxxvi, 78. ----, ibid, for 1839, xxxviii, 273. ----, ibid, for 1840, xl, 345. ----, ibid, for 1841, xlii, 344. ----, ibid, for 1842, xliv, 347. ----, ibid, for 1843, xlvi, 277. ----, ibid, for 1844, xlviii, 287. ----, Ohio, notes on, x, 152, 319; xi, 231. ----, ----, ten days in, xxv, 217. ----, ----, miscellaneous observations, on a tour to the falls of the Cuyahoga, in 1835, xxxi, 1.^f ----, ----, miscellaneous notices of rocks and minerals, xvi, 154. ----, ----, flight of pigeons, xxiv, 134. ----, ----, climate and productions of Washington Co., xii, 206. ----, ----, disease among shell fish, xxxii, 97. ----, ----, geology of parts of, x, 1. ----, ----, coal of, xiii, 38. ----, ----, fossil trees near Gallipolis, xii, 205. ----, ---- valley, on the coal deposits and accompanying organic remains of, xxix, 1.^f ----, ---- ----, saliferous rock formation, xxiv, 46. ----, ----, shells of some rivers, xiv, 276.^f ----, ----, report on, noticed, xxxii, 190; xxxiv, 196, 350. ----, Pennsylvania, bituminous coal of, xxix, 77. ----, Tennessee, coal measures of, xxix, 141. ----, the West, lias of, xxx, 395.

Himalaya Mountains, height of, v, 384; ix, 384. ----, quadruped fossil remains, xxxiii, 103, 211.

_Hitchcock, E._, Botrychium simplex, a new species of fern, vi, 103.^f ----, coal in Massachusetts, xxii, 41; xxxvi, 377. ----, drift, in the U. States, xli, 248; xlv, 331. ----, ----, influence of ice in, xlv, 324. ----, ----, on the glacier theory, xliii, 396. ----, ----, singular case of, in Berkshire Co., Mass., xlvii, 132; xlix, 258.^f ----, ----, copper in, Massachusetts, xlv, 331. ----, Fasciculite, vi, 226.^f ----, Flinders' large birds' nests in New Holland, xlvii, 217; xlviii, 61. ----, frost, disruption of the ground by, i, 286.^f ----, fossil fish, in the Connecticut valley, iii, 222, 365; vi, 76.^f ----, fossil vertebral remains in the Connecticut valley sandstone, xxix, 330. ----, ---- footprints, description of, (ornithichnology) xxix, 307.^f ----, ---- ---- in Connecticut, xxxi, 174. ----, ---- ---- of Connecticut valley, Report of Committee on, xli, 165. ----, ---- ----, general review of, xxxii, 174; xlvii, 113, 292.^f ----, ---- ----, miscellaneous notices of, xlviii, 61. ----, ---- ----, reply to _J. Deane_ on the discovery of, xlvii, 390. ----, geology and mineralogy of Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Vermont, i, 105.^f ----, ----, of the regions about the Connecticut, with a map, vi, 1^f, 201^f; vii, 1.^f ----, ---- of Massachusetts, report on, with a map, xxii, 1. ----, ---- ----, Report noticed, xxiii, 389; xxvi, 213; xxxvi, 363; xli, 384. ----, ---- ----, economical review of, xxxvi, 363. ----, ---- of Connecticut valley sandstone, xxix, 329. ----, ---- ----, trap tufa or volcanic grit, xlvii, 103. ----, ---- U. States, general review of, xli, 239. ----, ----, historical notice of State surveys, xli, 235. ----, Geological Association, address before, xli, 232. ----, Gyropodium coccineum, physiology of, ix, 56.^f ----, Lincolnite, xlvii, 416; xlviii, 64. ----, longitude, on _F. Baily's_ method of determining, ix, 107. ----, hammer, new mineralogical, vii, 175.^f ----, meteors of Nov. 13, 1833, xxv, 354--their connection with the Aurora Borealis, 357. ----, ----, on a supposed gelatinous, of Amherst, xxv, 362. ----, tin ore, at Goshen, Mass., xvi, 188. ----, topaz at Goshen, ix, 180. ----, wines from Palestine, analysis of, xlvi, 249. ----, yttrocerite in Massachusetts, xlv, 331.

_Hodge, J. T._, on the secondary and tertiary formations of the Southern Atlantic, xli, 332. ----, on the Wisconsin and Missouri lead region, xliii, 35.^f

_Hodgkinson, E._, on the strength of stones and other materials, xliv, 168.

_Hoffman, F._, obituary notice of, xxxiii, 76.

Hog, curious instinct of, iv, 309.

Holcomb's manufacture of telescopes, xxiii, 403.

Holmesite, _T. Thomson_, xxxi, 172.

Holyoke, Mt., scenery of, vii, 5. ----, geological structure of, vi, 53.

Homer's Iliad, notice of a copy of, of the fourth century, ii, 343.

Hones, stone for, at Lake Memphremagog, v, 406. ----, ----, in Massachusetts, xxii, 34.

Hone-slate of N. Carolina, xiv, 238.

_Hooker, W. J._, on the Botany of America, ix, 263.

Hop, chemical examination of, _A. W. Ives_, ii, 302.

Hops, analysis of, vi, 393. ----, lupuline from, xii, 388.

_Hopkins, M._, on mystery, xiii, 217.

_Hopkins_, on the geological phenomena of elevation, xxxi, 365. ----, views on dislocations and fractures of the earth's surface, xxxiii, 83.

Horns, manufactured articles from, xx, 394.

Hornblende, localities of, in Connecticut, x, 14. ----, ----, in Massachusetts, vi, 226. ----, ----, in New Hampshire, vi, 245; xviii, 129. ----, ----, in New Jersey, v, 246; ix, 245. ----, ----, in New York, ix, 40, 41, 251; xix, 226; xxi, 324.^f ----, ----, in Pennsylvania, xiv, 4, 17. ----, ----, in R. Island, iv, 285. ---- rocks, of western Massachusetts, viii, 9. ---- slate, of the Connecticut valley, vi, 20.

Horse, anecdote of, xlvi, 243. ----, a Filaria in the eye of, xxxix, 278.^f ----, fed with bread in Silesia, xi, 397. ----, fossil bones of, in Louisiana, _W. M. Carpenter_, xxxiv, 201.^f ----, power of, xxi, 167.

Horse latitudes, xxxiii, 64.

Horticultural experiments, _J. T. Plummer_, xl, 197.

Horticulture, propagation of fruit trees and vines, xxvii, 288.

Hospital of Mt. St. Bernard, v, 393.

Hospitals in France, v, 191. ----, foundling, in Europe, xvii, 393.

Hot blast, in the manufacture of iron, _T. Clark_, xxxi, 180. ---- ----, saving by, xxviii, 71. ---- springs or baths, see _Springs_.

_Hough, H.G._, inquiries into the principles of liquid attraction, xvii, 86.^f

_Houghton, D._, geology of Michigan, xxxiv, 190. ----, mining region of Michigan, xli, 183.

Houses, improvements in laying out grounds, arranging and building, &c., _E. Lord_, xxv, 304. ----, double doors and double windows for, xxv, 294. ----, mode of heating, xxv, 295. ----, on securing from fire, _Lord Mahon's_ experiments, xxv, 290, 298; xxvi, 286. ----, ibid, _D. Hartley's_ experiments, xxv, 300. ----, mode of supplying cisterns with water for extinguishing fires, xxv, 301; xxvi, 293.

Houstonia, notice of species of, x, 262, 263.

_Howard, W._, description of a differential thermometer, ii, 327.^f ----, on the stopping of astronomical clocks, viii, 277.

_Howe, S. G._, notices of ancient and modern Greece, xviii, 250.

_Howell, S._, on the shad fisheries of the Delaware, xxxii, 134.

Huaco, an Indian remedy for the hydrophobia, _W. R. Johnson_, xxiv, 279, 388. ----, _L. Feuchtwanger_, xxii, 182.

_Hubbard, O. P._, chemical examination of the bituminous coal of Chesterfield Co., Va., xlii, 369. ----, geological and mineralogical notices, xxxii, 230.^f ----, calcareous rocks at Boonville, N. Y., xxxii, 230. ----, ---- ----, ibid, rhomboidal structure in, xxxii, 232.^f ----, boulders at Boonville, xxxii, 233. ----, locality of crystallized calc spar, Boonville, N. Y., xxxii, 234. ----, ---- of green coccolite and tabular spar, at Boonville, N. Y., xiii, 198; xxxii, 234. ----, on the removal of carbonic acid from wells, xxxviii, 206; xlii, 165. ----, spontaneous combustion in wood ashes, xlii, 165. ----, geological observations on an excursion to the White Mts., numerous trap dykes, minerals, granite veins, &c., xxxiv, 105.^f ----, Third Geological Report of New York, notice of, xxxix, 95. ----, Geological Reports of Ohio, Indiana and Michigan, noticed by, xl, 126.

_Huber, F._, life and writings of, xxiii, 117.

Hudson river, northern sources of, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxiii, 301.^f ---- ----, fish of, xx, 151. ---- bay, rocks and country in the vicinity of, xvii, 11.

_Hudson's_ series of investigations with the barometer, xxiv, 393.

Hudsonite, L. C. Beck, xlvi, 32.

Human bones, fossil, v, 171. ---- ----, of the præ-historic world, in S. America, xliv, 277. ---- skeleton, fossil, of Guadaloupe, skull of, _J. Moultrie_, xxxii, 361. ---- footprints of the Mississippi valley, in limestone, v, 223^f; xxxiii, 398. ---- ----, ibid, in limestone, _D. D. Owen_, xliii, 14.^f ---- ----, ibid, _W. A. Adams_, xliv, 200. ---- race, stature of, _J. G. St. Hilaire_, xxii, 357. ---- ----, law of increase in stature, _Quetelet_, xxii, 376. ---- ----, varieties of, xiv, 372. ---- ----, singular variety of, in Peru and Bolivia, xxviii, 78.

_Humboldt, A._, expedition to Siberia, xvii, 405. ----, on the invention of the mariner's compass, xl, 242. ----, mean height of the continents above the sea, xlix, 397.

Humboldtilite, xi, 251.^f

Humboldtine, v, 193.

_Hume, Sir Abraham_, notice of, xxxvii, 118.

Hungary, observations on _Beudant's_ geological travels in, vii, 256. ----, tribe of Scotacks in, v, 384.

_Hunt, R._, on the chromatype, xlvi, 396. ----, influence of light on the germination of seeds, xliv, 352. ----, influence of light on the growth of plants, xliv, 352; xlvi, 397. ----, influence of ferro-cyanate of potash on iodide of silver, xlii, 317.

Huraulite, analysis of, xix, 371.

Huronite, xxx, 241.

Huron race of Indians, _S. G. Morton_, xxxviii, 368.^f

Hurricane, see _Wind_.

_Hutton's_ table of products, errors in, xliii, 116.

_Huxham's_ Auroral Register, xxxiii, 297.

Hyalite, in Florida, xxv, 165. ----, at West Point, N. Y., xxxii, 87.

_Hybernation, I. Lea_, ix, 75. ----, _S. Woodruff_, xxiv, 363.

Hydrargillite, _C. Dewey_, iii, 239.

Hydrate of magnesia, from Shetland, vii, 365.

Hydraulic cement in N. York State, xxxvi, 45. ---- limestones of N. York, xxxix, 96; xlvi, 29. ---- ---- in the Appalachian chain, xxxvii, 381. ---- ----, magnesian character of, xxxvii, 381. ---- machine, new, ii, 345. ---- ram, new, iii, 381. ---- volcano, xxii, 358.

Hydriodic acid, preparation of, xvi, 383; xlvii, 192.

Hydroboracite, analysis of, xxviii, 394.

Hydrobromic acid, xlvii, 192.

Hydro-carbo-sulphuric acid, how prepared, vii, 187.

Hydrochloric acid, notice of experiments with reference to, _Macaire_ and _De la Rive_, xi, 393. ---- ----, mode of preparing pure, from muriatic acid of commerce, _R. Hare_, xxxix, 371. ---- ----, fumigation with, at Plattsburgh, in 1819, viii, 200. ---- ----, condensation of, _M. Faraday_, vii, 357.

Hydrocyanic acid, _F. Magendie_ on, ii, 81. ---- ----, memoir on, _B. L. Oliver_, iii, 182. ---- ----, ----, _Orfila_, xviii, 157. ---- ----, effect of muriatic and sulphuric acids on, xviii, 146. ---- ----, apparatus for the evolution of, _R. Hare_, xxix, 244.^f ---- ----, extraordinary production of, _A. A. Hayes_, xviii, 201. ---- ----, preservation of, xvi, 260. ---- ----, cases in which administered, ii, 83; iii, 187. ---- ----, efficacy in asthma, vi, 366. ---- ----, effects on a horse, xii, 385. ---- ----, effects of, on vegetation, x, 190. ---- ----, chlorine, an antidote for, xvii, 174; xxi, 157.

Hydrogen, combustion of, under pressure, xxii, 352. ----, ----, in water, being a new application of Hare's blowpipe, v, 347. ----, mixed with oxygen, effect of breathing, viii, 375. ----, a new carburetted, xxx, 180. ----, gas apparatus, vii, 392. ----, self regulating reservoir for, _R. Hare_, xi, 140.^f ----, peroxyd of, action of, xvii, 34. ----, and chlorine, iii, 341.

Hydromagnesite of Hoboken, _Wachtmeister_, analysis of, xviii, 167.

Hydrometers, opinion on, _R. Hare_, xi, 115.

Hydrophobia, remarks on, ii, 359; iv, 385; v, 177; xvii, 204. ----, singular case of, xvii, 205. ----, account of cases of deaths by, xxiii, 143. ----, cured, x, 385. ----, ----, by means of mercurial ointment, xix, 204. ----, ----, by Huaco, an Indian remedy, _W. R. Johnson_, xxiv, 279.

Hydrosilicite, xv, 388.

Hydrostatic balance, xix, 185. ----, press, xix, 185.

Hydrous anthophyllite of N. York, _T. Thomson_, xix, 359.

Hydroxanthic acid, vii, 376.

Hygrometer, Daniell's, remarks on, _E. Loomis_, xlvii, 19; xlix, 277. ----, portable, _A. A. Hayes_, xvii, 351.^f

Hygrometric Register at Western Reserve College, _E. Loomis_, Sept.-Nov. 1838, xxxvi, 166; --1838-1840, xli, 315; --1841-44 xlix, 271. ---- ----, at Hudson, Ohio, compared with those at Greenwich, _E. Loomis_, xlix, 276. ---- observations, mean of, at Malvern, in Worcestershire, xxxviii, 102. ---- ----, at Matanzas, _A. Mallory_, xxxi, 287. ---- ----, at New Orleans, _Barton_, xxxi, 400. ----, see farther under _Meteorology_.

Hygrometry, a method of experimenting in, x, 387.

Hyperbola, method of describing, _R. G. Hazard_, xxi, 314.^f

Hypersthene of N. York, analysis of, _L. C. Beck_, xlvi, 35. ----, in Massachusetts, iv, 55.

Hyssopus anisatus, iv, 65.