II.

Si kulu les' isizwe, e si twal' imiqiqingo, Si hamba ne mpahla, si teng' izinkomo ngo lembu. Ngi ya ku yi raya bo! I za ku li qed' izwe. I lu zwambuzwambu, I suka pansi, ya qond' izulu. I njenge nyoka e yadhl' isixabu sa ba mhlope. Ba yi cupa, ya bajwa. Ba yi dons' amalang' amabili, 'matatu; Ba yi nquma ngo mese. Kwa gqabuk' ilangab' esizibeni, La ba rangula. Kwa gqabuk' izintutu, Za qond' izwe lonke, la vuta! Na seMbilane, Lapa kade beti i ya puma, Beti i gcwel' iziziba zonke, nya!

Translations of the above appear on p. 116.

X. THE CAUSES, SUPERSTITIONS AND OTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MATABELE REBELLION, 1896.

The Matabele War of 1893 came to an end owing to the King, Lobengula, fleeing from the country after his capital, Bulawayo, had been seized and burnt by the British South Africa Company's forces. He died in January, 1894. No one, of course, was appointed to succeed him. As many of the Natives desired to continue the war--a number of the regiments not having fought at all--it is not surprising that, although a settlement was arrived at, the people did not regard themselves as having been really conquered. Still less did they look on the Company as entitled to appropriate their cattle as they proceeded to do. These, indeed, all belonged to the King in theory. The Company held that, having conquered the country and expelled the King, right of possession had reverted to themselves. The cattle thereupon began to be confiscated by way of indemnity. A large number was taken, whilst the remainder, about 90,000, were branded with the Company's brand and allowed to remain with the Natives for the time being. Seizure of smaller lots took place periodically during 1894 and 1895. Had confiscation been made immediately and universally on the conclusion of the War, far less irritation would have been caused than actually occurred. As it was, it was believed the Company intended to so impoverish the people as to reduce them to a position of slaves and paupers.

There was in Matabeleland another class of Natives known as amaHole. These were found living there by the Matabele on arrival from the south with Mzilikazi (Moselekatze) about 1836. After conquering them, the latter proceeded to make slaves of them, and this was the position when the Chartered Company, taking advantage of concessions previously acquired, entered the country in considerable numbers in 1890 to prospect and mine for gold, etc. After the war, the Company recruited some 400 Natives, chiefly from the amaHole, and formed them into a police force. The latter, remembering their former subjection, were not slow to avenge themselves on the Matabele as opportunity offered. "In days gone by you had your turn," they jeeringly said to the Matabele, "it is ours now." And opportunities presented themselves in two principal ways. First in regard to the cattle question, by the police hunting about in all directions to see who possessed any. On secretly obtaining information, they conveyed it to the authorities, showing cause why the stock should be seized. Confiscation usually followed. Secondly, in regard to the labour regulations. The Company required each Chief to furnish periodically a certain number of labourers to work on the mines, etc. The police were employed on this duty by the Native Commissioners; the manner in which they dealt with the people was frequently exasperating.

Although, towards the end of 1895, the Company waived all further right to the cattle after receipt of two-fifths of the whole (70,000), much strong dissatisfaction continued to prevail on account of the tactics that had been employed. And this was accentuated by the disease rinderpest breaking out in 1895 and sweeping off many of the cattle still possessed by Natives. A plague of locusts and a long-continued drought added still further to their troubles. Underlying the whole was the deep resentment felt by men who, under their own regime, had held high rank, but were now condemned to inferior status, with corresponding loss of influence, material perquisites and opportunities for advancement. The feeling, moreover, was still latent that the nation had never been really conquered.

It being characteristic of all Bantu races, and particularly so of those of Matabeleland, _e.g._ Makalanga and Matabele, to resort to diviners (_izangoma_) to ascertain the causes of troubles as well as the remedies, it is not surprising something of the kind should have taken place at the present juncture. Perhaps the most famous of the oracles was one reputed to inhabit a cave in the well-known Matoppo Hills. To this cave many had repaired from time to time, in connection with their private troubles, such as cases of illness or other misfortune, mysterious loss of property, and so forth. So great was the reputation that had been acquired by this particular oracle and, under so weird circumstances and in so peculiar a manner did it impart the knowledge obtained, as believed, direct from the departed spirits (known by Matabeles as _amadhlozi_), that it was commonly referred to as Umlimo, that is, the Deity himself. Such Umlimo--really the god of the oldest residents of the country, the Makalangas--is said "to be able to speak all languages, as well as to be possessed of a faculty of roaring like a lion, crowing like a cock, barking like a dog, etc." The truth of the matter, however, is that the oracle was an _isangoma_, that is, an ordinary person who, whenever it was known anyone had come to seek advice, would stealthily proceed to the cave and there, on being consulted, communicate the reply to the inquirer. This reply was given by means of ventriloquism and, as the speaker was inside the cave and invisible, the voice appeared to the inquirer (who was outside) to issue from the very bowels of the earth. The extreme ingenuity of the device will be better appreciated when it is known that the spirits of the departed are universally believed by Natives to dwell in an underworld. For a ventriloquist to practise his calling as diviner in the foregoing manner is probably not unworthy of that oracle which Socrates himself felt it necessary to consult at Delphi.

On being appealed to by Mlugulu, one of the principal men in the country, and others, as to the troubles that were afflicting the people in general, the Umlimo directly attributed them to Europeans. It was they who were the sorcerers that had caused the disasters. But for their presence, neither locusts nor rinderpest would have invaded the country. The aborigines were thereupon exhorted to rise and deliver themselves from their thraldom. A recent total eclipse of the moon was said to portend that the white man's blood was to be spilt; Lobengula himself was not dead, but about to return from the north at the head of a huge army, whilst other armies were advancing to his assistance against the Europeans from the west and east. The tremendous potency of such a 'voice' at such a time can hardly be over-estimated. The reason why most obvious precautions, _e.g._ blocking the main road to Mangwe (50 miles south-west of Bulawayo) were not adopted by the rebels was said to be due to the Umlimo's explicit instruction "to give the white man an opportunity of escaping from the country." Possibly this also explains why the telegraph wire between Bulawayo and Mafeking was not cut. "It certainly seems very strange," says Selous,[366] "that no attempt has ever been made to stop waggons and coaches on this road, ... nor was Government House (less than three miles from the centre of Bulawayo) burnt, the reason for this being, it is said, because the Umlimo told the people that when Bulawayo had been destroyed, and all the white men in the country killed, they would find Lobengula sitting there, ready to rule them once more; for, be it said, Government House has been built in the centre of the old kraal of Bulawayo, just where the King's house once stood."

Another man, who claimed to be a prophet of the Umlimo, so influenced people through swallowing stones, dancing on ashes, putting burning coals into his mouth, etc., as to induce an _impi_ to take up their quarters where they were subsequently found by the troops "and there wait for the white men to attack them. They were on no account to endeavour to prevent their enemies from crossing the Umguza [a river some twelve miles north of Bulawayo] but were to offer them every encouragement to do so, 'for,' said the stone-swallower, 'once they have crossed to the east of the river, the Umlimo will strike them all blind; you will then be able to kill them without trouble, and go on and murder all the women and children in Bulawayo.'"

The rising in Mashonaland, which began in the middle of June, 1896, was probably "brought about by the leaders of the Matabele insurrection through the instrumentality of the Umlimos or prophets ... North-west of Salisbury there lives a prophetess," between whom and the leaders of the Matabele or agents of the Umlimo messages passed during the Rebellion.

In these circumstances, one can understand the observation commonly made as to the inscrutability of the Native mind. That it is a closed book to the vast majority of Europeans is proved by the fact that no adequate preparation was made by the Government to meet a possible rising, and that only one of the colonists had predicted that a rebellion would occur.

When, with the country seething with discontent, the people learned that the great majority of the European police had been withdrawn to assist Dr. Jameson in his raid from Mafeking towards Johannesburg, and that Dr. Jameson himself, who claimed to have conquered them in 1893, as well as his entire force, had been captured by the Boers, they felt that a unique occasion had arisen, and one of which immediate advantage should be taken.

* * * * *

The population of Matabeleland in 1896 was: Europeans, about 4,000; Natives, about 120,000. About nineteen-twentieths of the latter rebelled, their fighting strength (independently of Mashonaland) being nearly 20,000.

The Rebellion started on the 20th March with the murder of a Native policeman. This, though evidently premature, became the signal for a simultaneous rising. European men, women and children were forthwith murdered in many outlying parts. A number of Native servants took

## part in the murders. It is computed that 205 persons were massacred

during the rising, the great majority being killed before the end of March. Of this number, six were women and twenty children. In addition, ninety-nine were murdered in Mashonaland, chiefly about the middle of June; of these, four were women and three children. There seems to have been little or no mutilation of bodies by way of obtaining medicines, for warding off danger, obtaining ascendancy, etc.

The rebels had no settled plan, consequently community of action between the various groups was wanting. They seemed to be obsessed with the idea that supernatural aid would be derived by them in some way from the Umlimo.

A large number of Native police, especially such as had been less than a year in the force, joined the rebels, carrying off with them the Winchester repeaters with which they had been supplied. The older hands remained loyal, but were disarmed. On the other hand, the Makalanga people refrained from participating in the Rebellion. Such, indeed, was but in accordance with the neutral attitude observed by them during the War of 1893.

Hostilities did not terminate until the end of November, that is, after a campaign of about eight months. The combined forces employed in suppressing the Rebellion were 3,000 in Matabeleland and 2,200 in Mashonaland, including 1,200 Imperial troops.

The casualties among the troops were: Matabeleland--34 killed, 100 wounded; Mashonaland--7 killed, 18 wounded. The number of rebels killed is believed to have considerably exceeded that of the War, viz. 3,000.

On the conclusion of hostilities, the rebels were directed to hand in their guns and assegais. They were known to be in possession of several thousands of firearms--about 2,000 breech-loading rifles and many muzzle-loading guns. "The Matabele kept on evading [the order], promising to give up rifles one day, the next saying that in their own

## particular tribe there were none, and making all sorts of excuses. They

were repeatedly told that, unless they came to a decision shortly and surrendered to our satisfaction, hostilities would be recommenced and they would be blockaded in the hills.... In [certain] districts they came to surrender, ... bringing in 200 or 300 rifles." As to the rest, only another hundred or so guns, with some 4,000 assegais, were given up, "each Chief professing he did not know where his men had put their [guns], and promising to bring all he could. Needless to say these promises were never fulfilled."[367]

"It is worthy of remark that whilst, in the first war, the Matabele attacked strong positions defended by artillery and Maxim guns, thereby suffering very heavy loss themselves but killing very few white men, in the present [rebellion] all the fighting has been amongst broken ground, and in country more or less covered with bush, and all the killing has been done with rifles; for, in the first war, the Natives learnt the futility of attacking fortified positions, and now only fight in the bush in skirmishing order, giving but little opportunity for the effective use of machine guns; so that, although a good many rounds have been fired from Maxims at long ranges, only a very small amount of execution has been done by them."[368]

XI. NATIVE CORPS.

(i) _Natal Native Horse._

Reference was made in a note in the Introduction to the Natal Native Police organized in 1848. Since their disbandment in 1854, no other Native corps has been permanently established in Natal. In times of trouble, however, apart from the ordinary Native levies and contingents, settlements of Native Christians, such as Edendale and Driefontein, invariably offered their services to the Government. The fact that these men, a number of whom were Basutos, were mounted, added greatly to their usefulness. The first occasion of importance on which they volunteered was the Bushman Expedition of 1866. During the Langalibalele Rebellion, 1873, they again took part, under Col. A.W. Durnford,[369] several being killed in the action at Bushman's River Pass. By that time, Durnford, who arrived in Natal in June, 1873, had already begun to take an exceptional interest in the training of Natives for military purposes. Under his sympathetic control, the people evinced the keenest desire to assist the Government. The same spirit was shown by the large contingents of uneducated Natives, recruited and organized to a great extent by Durnford at the beginning of the Zulu War, not to refer to those called out on other occasions under other officers. The men of Edendale and Driefontein under Jabez Molife and Simeon Kambule[370] respectively, as well as Basutos under Chief Hlubi, served throughout the 1879 campaign, and rendered very valuable assistance. They took part in the battles of Isandhlwana, Kambule, Hlobane and Ulundi, and suffered considerable losses.

The same communities, with Hlubi's Basutos, again volunteered during the Boer War, 1899-1901. To these communities should be added that at Nyanyadu, as well as members of Chief Ncwadi's tribe. Although, in a "white man's war," allowed to serve only as scouts, drivers and leaders and in limited numbers, some 150 came from Driefontein alone, and 200 from Chief Ncwadi. Under Capt. R.C. Samuelson, N.C., a considerable section of the Drakensberg Mountains was thoroughly patrolled. A portion of the men went through the siege of Ladysmith, whilst conspicuous gallantry was displayed by individual members of the corps on several other occasions during the same war.

By 1906, the great majority of those who had served in the earlier campaigns were, of course, no longer able to turn out. They, however, strongly influenced their sons to do so in their stead, with the result that the Natal Native Horse, under Major G. Moe, U.M.R., with Samuelson as adjutant and second in command, was raised with surprising rapidity. On instructions from the Government, Samuelson, by the 2nd April, succeeded in enrolling nearly 1,000 picked men, including Chiefs and Chiefs' sons. This number was, however, reduced by the Government to 326. As only about half the men had horses, the principal difficulty experienced was in obtaining mounts for the remainder.

The corps did not take the field until the middle of May, largely owing to its having to be equipped and trained; it was consequently unable to take part, like the Nongqai, in some of the main operations and engagements.

It was found necessary, during the campaign, considerably to the disappointment of the members, to break the corps up and distribute sections about the country. To whatever command, however, they happened to be attached, the men proved to be thoroughly reliable and serviceable, and their conduct exemplary. With better training, which in common fairness should have been available in some way _before_ the necessity for recruiting arose, they would have been even more valuable than they were.

(ii) _Zululand Native Police_ (_Nongqai_).

This corps was originally formed in April, 1883, under the authority of the Imperial Government, by Colonel G. Mansel (late Chief Commissioner of Police, Natal). The 50 non-commissioned officers and men of whom the corps consisted, half of them recruited in Natal,[371] were under the command of two European officers, and were originally enrolled as bodyguard to the Resident Commissioner (the late Sir Melmoth Osborn, K.C.M.G.). They served with distinction during the disturbances of 1884. Although attacked at Maqonga, near Nkandhla, by about 2,500 Zulus--the Resident Commissioner being with them--they held their ground and drove off the enemy with considerable loss, and this in spite of warning as to their probable untrustworthiness from John Dunn, a man intimately acquainted with the country. The force was augmented in succeeding years and became almost entirely an infantry one. During the Zululand disturbances of 1888, the men again greatly distinguished themselves, notably at Ceza, Lower Umfolozi magistracy and Hlopekulu. On every occasion, though pitted against overwhelming odds, they fought steadily, effectively and with the utmost courage, without betraying at any time the least sign of breach of faith or disloyalty.

The personnel continued to increase from 250 in 1889 to 500 in 1899. During the Boer War, the numbers were again raised to 600, with 8 European officers, Inspector C.E. Fairlie taking command. The corps was then employed chiefly in and about Melmoth, in putting the place into a state of defence and escorting convoys. In September, 1904, it was suddenly disbanded by direction of the Natal Government.

During such time as the force existed, the men were disciplined, drilled and equipped to a large extent on the same lines as European troops; they were armed with Martini-Henry rifles, and lived in barracks. Each man was obliged to serve for three years, with the right of re-enlisting. Many took advantage of the right. It is estimated that, between 1883 and 1904, some 3,000 to 4,000 served in the ranks.

When the 1906 Rebellion broke out, the Government re-established the force under Fairlie. With Mansel's assistance, about 100 men were recruited, but only with the greatest difficulty, owing to their feeling sore at having been summarily disbanded in 1904. The reader will find several references in this history to the conspicuous services rendered by this really excellent body of men, notably at Bobe and Mome. They were disbanded once more in November, 1906.

The following, from a report by Colonel Mansel, will be perused with interest: "I wish to bear full testimony to the value of Zulus as soldiers. Their instincts are wholly military. When you enlist a Zulu, you have a ready-made soldier.... All you have to do is to teach him how to handle a rifle. This you can do in about three or four months. He is then as good as he will ever become. He is, as a rule, the best-tempered, most easily-managed man in the world; understands discipline by instinct; is docile, plucky, proud of himself and his corps; kindly-disposed towards his officers; full of mettle, and capable of enduring the extremes of marching and hunger.... Though often fighting against his own kith and kin, not a single case of treachery or breach of faith ever occurred."

(iii) _Proposed Creation of a Permanent Native Corps._

The oft-repeated experiment of forming corps of coloured people inhabiting countries conquered by England, has apparently met with success in the main. The problem is, however, by no means an easy one to deal with, and it is generally owing to inability on the part of the rulers to formulate sound and workable schemes that failure has occasionally attended their efforts. Utilization of often excellent fighting material, as, for instance, may be found in the Zulus, is obviously a matter of importance, and any intention by a Government to establish such corps is deserving of careful consideration. But irresolution in a matter of this kind does more harm than good. Rather not make any attempt than be half-hearted or lukewarm. It has been seen that a Native police corps was formed as long ago as 1848, only to be disbanded a few years later without any reasons being given. Similar half-heartedness is observable in the foregoing account of the N.N.H. and the Z.N.P.

Any reflecting person will, we venture to think, arrive at the conclusion that a Native corps, established on a sound basis, is a wise and necessary provision, and this from several points of view. It does what nothing else can do so well, namely, proves to the people that the Government has confidence in them (as it unquestionably ought to have) and, by enabling them to share directly in the defence of the State, powerfully induces them to take a deep and abiding interest in the welfare, not only of themselves, but of the entire community, white and black. Thus the primary object in establishing a corps is not so much the intrinsic value of the fighting material recruited, as that it is an outward and visible sign to Natives in general that the rulers look on their interests as indissolubly connected with those of Europeans, which is only another way of saying that a premium is set on the promotion of patriotism, loyalty and contentment. As matters are at present in South Africa, anyone can see with half an eye that, in the absence of these corps, the respective Governments have neglected to use material that lies near at hand. The splendid record of the N.N.H. and Z.N.P., and the consistent loyalty of each in all vicissitudes, are as sure a guarantee as could be desired, that they would be loyal. If a permanently-established corps be but treated in a fair and reasonable manner, it is impossible to see what object any of its members would have for becoming mutinous or disloyal.

The martial ardour and courage of the Zulus are world-famous. Here are born soldiers, if ever there were any such. Should the Government be unable to adopt the suggestion on a large scale, it might at least try the Zulus. Many efforts have in the past been made to raise men. The labours, however, were in each case foredoomed to failure, because the authorities were not behind the movement, or, if behind it, then only half-heartedly so.

Amongst those who have interested themselves particularly in this matter is the late Commandant (Colonel H.T. Bru-de-Wold) whose views, without professing to be in any way complete, and admittedly based

## partly on those of his predecessors and other men, are briefly as

follows: That the Government should form one or more Native regiments drawn from the different tribes of Natal and Zululand. Lads should be recruited at the age of fifteen or sixteen from the kraals of the most respectable and influential Natives in a tribe. They should then be formed into a permanent force, always to be kept in barracks. Each lad should be subject to long service, viz. 25, 30 or more years.

A Native location, similar to that of Zwartkop in the neighbourhood of Pietermaritzburg, would be suitable for the purpose. Permanent barracks should be erected in the location.

White officers, who should be married men and be most carefully selected, should reside in or near the barracks with their wives. Only those should be chosen whose pride of race is highly developed.

The Natives (non-commissioned officers and men) should be allowed to marry, and the Government might assist them in finding their _lobolo_. They should, however, each be limited to one wife. The location should be laid out in plots, conveniently situated, each married non-commissioned officer or man having his house, with adjoining garden for growing any desired minor articles, but the principal ration should be supplied by the Government, so that all would be dependent entirely on the Government for their food. The married men should be allowed to keep cattle for milk and to breed horses on their own account.

Any menial work, such as road-making, erecting buildings, etc., on the location should be done by hired labour, and not by the Native soldiers. The men should, however, be required to keep their respective dwelling-houses in repair. The reason for such provision is to keep up their pride as soldiers, and not demean them by putting them on the same level as ordinary labourers.

After certain periods to be determined upon, those of good character might be permitted to go on furlough, in the same way as any other Native in the service of the Government, when they would receive remuneration in addition to soldier's pay.

The officers' wives would naturally take an interest in the wives of n.c.o.'s and men, and provide, with the assistance of the State, for the education of the children. Thus the institution would, not only subject the men to strict military discipline, but enable their children to be educated and instructed in civilized ways of living. And so, in time, a separate class would be created on a small scale, the members of which might be designated "The King's Men," whilst the boys growing up in such environment would themselves become soldiers. A pride would be fostered in the men, arising out of a consciousness of being superior to the ordinary tribes. Although, at the outset, drawn from various tribes, they would gradually lose their tribal instincts and form a community of their own. Such influences would probably be more potent and productive of good than any other existing agency that could be named. But success would, it is felt, be dependent primarily on the officers.

* * * * *

There are many other details which might have been touched on. Attention has been drawn to the matter only because it seems wrong for the Government to refrain from identifying itself with an aspiration which is, perhaps, more deeply rooted in the people than any other. If they are ever to be trusted, why not make a beginning on some such lines as these? To go to them for assistance in time of war, and yet turn our backs on them in time of peace is not worthy of our race. A people that is prepared to shed, and has repeatedly shed, its blood for its rulers, is surely deserving of more recognition than the occasional issue of medals to a few favoured individuals.

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 364: With ten guns.]

[Footnote 365: And eight guns.]

[Footnote 366: _Storm and Sunshine in Rhodesia._ Rowland Ward. 1896.]

[Footnote 367: Plumer, _An Irregular Corps in Matabeleland_. Kegan Paul. 1897. pp. 195, 199.]

[Footnote 368: Selous, _Storm and Sunshine in Rhodesia_.]

[Footnote 369: The same that commanded and fell at Isandhlwana in 1879.]

[Footnote 370: Enthusiastic and life-long supporters of the movement.]

[Footnote 371: Those recruited in Natal were mounted.]

INDEX.

Abraham, Maj. J., 219, 242, 381.

Acutt, E.L., 41.

Addison, Lieut. P., 355.

Addison, R.H., 470.

Adendorff, Chief Leader, 324.

Alexander, Cpl. E., 286, 289.

Alexander, Capt. W., 228.

Allan's store, 121.

Allison, Capt. A.B., 11.

Angus, Capt. W.N., 279.

Annexation of Zululand to Natal, 16.

Armistice, 331, 394.

Armouries, 59.

Armstrong, Tpr. G., 124.

Armstrong, G.W., 422, 466.

Armstrong, Lieut. R., 352.

Armstrong, Capt. R., 363.

Arnott, Lt.-Col. W.: Peyana 354; Dinuzulu Expedition, 444; Usutu, 450. _See also_ 137, 357, 373, 395.

Arnott's Column: Composition of, 354; Otimati, 354; Peyana, 355; Thring's Post, 373.

Aston, Tpr. A.H., 172.

Babazeleni, 274.

Badge: Native levies', 218, 289; rebels'. _See_ Tshokobezi. _See also_ 326.

Bailey, Sir Abe, 65, 329.

Bakeries, Field, 60, 419.

Bambata: Early life and character, 157; relations with European neighbours, 158; strength of tribe, 158; regiments recruited by, 158; intemperance and extravagance, 159; taking of census, 160; concerned in faction fight, 160; proposed deposition of, 160; his people object to poll tax, 161; neglects to conduct tribe to Greytown to pay poll tax, 161; summoned to Pietermaritzburg, 164; in hiding, 165; deposed, 166; leaves for Usutu, 166, 433; wife and children at Usutu, 167, 433; return to Mpanza and capture of Magwababa, 167; commandeering of men by, 168; attacks Magistrate's party, Mpanza, 168; attacks Police, Mpanza, 171; supposed possession of drugs "to prevent bullets entering," 176; calls on Chiefs to assist, 178; _Flight of Bambata to Nkandhla_, 178-195; camps in Mome gorge, 187, 196; joins Sigananda, 197; camps at Cetshwayo's grave, 202; reward for his capture, 212; raids by, 228; fight at Bobe, 235; meeting held after Bobe, 236; proceeds to Macala, 236, 237; visits Dinuzulu with Mangati, 313; at Mome, 301-317; death, 310; identification of body, 333, 336; rumours as to being alive, 338, 432, 536; to what extent responsible for Rebellion, 494-501. _See also_ 505.

Bambata's wife: Accompanies husband to Usutu, 166, 433; escapes from Usutu, 432, 491.

Baqulusi (tribe), 112, 483, 485.

Barker, Lt.-Col. W.F.: Services, 224; in command, T.M.R., 224; at Ntingwe, 238; at Mome, 301-305, 313; Little Noodsberg Hall, 366; Insuze, 367; Ponjwana, 372, 416; his views on advanced guards, 416. _See also_ 334, 340, 366.

Barker's Column: Cetshwayo's grave, 241, 299; Nkandhla forests, 294; to prevent rebels entering Mome gorge, 298; at Mome, 301; Macala, 334; Meseni's ward, 365, 382; at wattle plantation (Newspaper M. Stn.), 366; strength (July 2), 367; Insuze, 367; Ponjwana, 371; Esidumbini, 382; concluding operations and return to Transvaal, 394. _See also_ 239, 359, 366, 385, _and_ Transvaal Mounted Rifles.

Barter, Capt. E.W., 191, 376.

Basutos, 12, 278, 557.

Bayekana (scout), 297.

Beachy-Head, W., 329.

Beaumont, Sir W.H., 398, 429, 437, 438.

Bejana, Chief, 339, 359.

Bell, Joe, 329.

Bennett, T.R., 122, 460.

Bigby, Capt. W.S.: Appears for Crown in Rex _v._ Dinuzulu, 460, 471. _See also_ 136.

Bishop of Zululand, 398.

Blaker, Lieut. G.E., 399.

Blamey, Lieut. A.H.G., 231, 234.

Blauwkrantz River (massacre), 6.

Blood River (battle), 6.

Bobe (action), 231-236.

Boers: Arrival in Natal, 4, 6; war with Zulus, 6; battle of Blood River, 6; settle in Transvaal, 7; their Native policy, 19.

Boer War: Natal Volunteer forces in, 45; effect on Natives of contact with British soldiers, 98; financial depression caused by, 98; Dinuzulu and Natives in, 112; Holkrantz, 112, 485; Dinuzulu's seizure of Boer cattle and firearms, 485; loyalty of Dinuzulu and other Chiefs during, 516. _See also_ 10.

Border Mounted Rifles: Formation, 7; mobilization, 137; Trewirgie, 138; Peyana, 354; Meseni's ward, 376; Izinsimba, 387; Ndhlovu's ward, 391; Dinuzulu Expedition, 445. _See also_ 144, 331, 354, 455.

Boshoff, Henri G., 468; view as to Dinuzulu's guilt, 472.

Botha, General the Rt. Hon. Louis, 112, 475.

Bottomley, Col., 485.

Bouck, Tpr. J.L., 287, 293.

Bousfield, Lt.-Col. H.R., 403.

Boyd-Wilson, Maj. A.B., 249, 333, 336, 341, 400.

Branding of loot stock, 419.

Briggs, Col. C.J., 225.

Brown, Sergt. E.T.N., 172, 175.

Bruce, Lieut. W., 224.

Bru-de-Wold, Col. H.T.: Services, 46; preparations for possible outbreak, 46, 47; Commandant of Militia (1905), 47; development of Militia system under, 48; authority to administer martial law, 137, 149, 150; revocation of such authority, 151; instructions to Colonel McKenzie, 140; visits troops, Umtwalume, 145; temporarily relinquishes duties, 285; visits troops, Mapumulo, 394; retirement, 425; D.S.O. conferred on, 425; arranges for defence of Natal, Dec., 1907, 440. _See also_ 143, 150.

Bulawayo, 2.

Burial party, 406.

Bushman Expedition, 10.

Bushman's Pass (action), 11.

Bushman's River (massacre), 6.

Butelezi (tribe), 207.

Butler's store, 122, 367.

Byrnetown. _See_ Trewirgie.

Cadets, 65.

Cakijana: Accompanies Bambata to Mpanza, 167; incites Bambata's people to rise, 168; at Mpanza, 176; flies with Bambata to Nkandhla, 182; persuades Chiefs to support Bambata, 196; goes to Macala, 236; wounded, 242; surrender of, 463, 466; trial, 471; degree of complicity in Rebellion, 495, 501; Gence's murder, 502. _See also_ 505.

Calder, D., 471.

Calverley, Sergt., 296, 335, 414.

Cameron Highlanders, Queen's Own, 64.

Campbell, Maj. S.G., 230, 361, 364.

Cape Colony: Offers of help from, 64; assistance given by, 222, 223.

Cape Mounted Rifles: Maxim detachment joins Mackay's column, 341; Peyana, 354; Meseni's ward, 376; Maxim transport, 418. _See also_ 402.

Carter, Major S., 180, 257, 409.

Carter, Hon. T.F.: Dinuzulu's salary, 462; appears for prosecution in Rex _v._ Dinuzulu, 471; and in Rex _v._ Mankulumana and Mgwaqo, 475. _See also_ 450.

Casualties: Among troops at Manzipambana, 293; Mome, 311; sustained by rebels daring campaign, 311, 523; disparity in, between European troops and Natives, 311, 522. _See also_ App. I.

Cattle: In marriages, 30, 31; diseases, 92, 93.

Causes of Rebellion: Causes, motives, etc., 512-521; cattle diseases, 92, 93; rents on farms, 94; Natives at gold-fields, etc., 97; Ethiopian propaganda, 97, 514, 521; Boer War, 98; Poll Tax Act, 101, 520; pig-and-white-fowl-killing order, 103; massacre of Boers at Holkrantz, 112, 485; differences in civilization between Natives and Europeans, 513; tendency of Native interests to be overlooked, 514; granting of Responsible Government, 514; immigration of Europeans and Indians, 515; introduction of Western Civilization, 518, 536; motives and occasions of the Rebellion, 520.

Census, 29, 100, 160, 529.

Cetshwayo: Begins his reign, 8; relations with Imperial Government, 9; Zulu War, 12; conflict between him and Zibebu, 13, 209; his estate, 113; takes refuge at Nkandhla, 209; residence and death at Eshowe, 210.

Cetshwayo's grave: Keeper of, 197, 201, 210; rebels at, 202; description of, 210; converging movement on, 240; accidental burning of grass round, 243; strength of troops at, 244.

Chiazzari, Chief Leader N., 394.

Chiefs: Salaries, 29; loss of control over tribes, 226; deposition of, 404; punishment of, _see_ Courts-martial. _See also_ 89 _and_ Natives.

Choles, Maj. F., 58.

Christian Native Scouts, 148.

Christian Natives, part taken by, in Rebellion, 420. _See also_ Ethiopianism.

Christopher, Lce.-Cpl. V.J.W., 383.

Civilization, Western, effects of, 517, 536.

Clarke, Lt.-Col. W.J.: Collection of intelligence by, 54; Mpanza, 165, 179. _See also_ 396, 444.

Clarkson, Capt. C.F., 403.

Clayton, W.F., 44.

Clerk, Capt. E.G., 286-293.

Clifton, Sub. Inspr. A.S., 353.

Code of Native law, 27, 89, 122, 328.

Colenbrander, B., 186, 241, 422, 466, 475.

Colenso, Miss A.M., 471.

Colenso, Miss H.E.: Advice to Dinuzulu regarding rebels, 453; shelters Cakijana, 463; at trial of Dinuzulu, 471.

Coll, Tpr. G., 364.

"Collective Responsibility": principle of tribal system, 33. _See also_ 193.

Colonists, Natal: Earliest settlers, 1; relations with Tshaka and other kings, 2-9; insecurity of, 3; land ceded to, 4; policy of, 4; Boer voortrekkers, _see_ Boers; relations with Boers, 7; effect of British government on subjects of Zulu king, 8; protest against appointment of Capt. Allen Gardiner as J.P., 18; petition, 18.

Commandant, Acting. _See_ Dartnell, Maj.-Gen. Sir J.

Commandant of Militia. _See_ Leader, Col. H.P.; Bru-de-wold, Col. H.T.; _and_ McKenzie, Col. Sir D.

Commandants of Volunteers, 38.

Commission, Land Delimitation (1902), 16, 480.

Commissioner for Native Affairs, 29. _See also_ Saunders, Sir C.R.

Commissioners, Native, 422, 526.

Commissions, Native Affairs, 34.

Composite Regiment, 398, 456.

Constitution Act (1893), 28, 514.

Convoys, 191, 216, 228, 239, 250, 327, 348, 361.

Cost of Rebellion. _See_ Expenditure.

Council for Native Affairs, 422, 526.

Courts-martial: Trials, 142, 150, 402;

## action of Commandant, 150;

trial of murderers of Hunt and Armstrong, 150; revocation of Commandant's authority to confirm sentences, 151.

Crass, Dr. C.H., 274.

Criticisms, Replies to: Disparity in losses between European troops and Natives, 311, 522-527; necessity for severe measures, 312, 525; improved relations between the two races, 526; effect of arrest and removal of Dinuzulu, 526.

Crompton, Lt.-Col. B., 399, 454.

Cross, J.W.: Interview with Bambata regarding census, 160; collection of poll tax, Bambata's tribe, 161; attacked at Mpanza, 168; interprets at trial of Dinuzulu, 471.

Crown Colony Government, 20, 506.

Cube (ama), 207.

Dartnell, Maj.-Gen. Sir J.G.: In command, Volunteers and Natal Mounted Police, 10, 38; Commandant of Volunteers, 38; brings Rexer guns to Natal, 65;

## Acting-Commandant, 285;

services, 359; visits Krantzkop (Elandskop), 373; Meseni's ward, 377.

Deeley, Tpr. W., 299.

Demobilization, 395, 400, 454.

Dhleke hill, 485.

Dick, Lt.-Col. J.: In command, Natal Rangers, 249; Mome, 305; proceeds to Mapumulo, 374; Dinuzulu Expedition, 444. _See also_ 147, 400, _and_ Natal Rangers.

Dimmick, Inspr. O.: At Mapumulo, 122; Mpanza, 173; visits Usutu, 437; at Nongoma, 443, 445; operates against rebels in hiding, 458. _See also_ 171, 251.

Dingana: Hostility towards colonists, 5; reign of, 5, 6; war with the Boers, 6; treaty with Gardiner, 18.

Dingiswayo: Initiator, Zulu Military System, 68.

Dinuzulu: Birth of, 14; at B. of Ulundi, 14; seeks assistance of Boers against Zibebu and Hamu, 15; "crowned" by Boers, 15; cedes land to Boers, 15; arrested, tried and deported to St. Helena, 16; repatriation, 16, 478; appointed Induna and Chief, 478; salary, 29, 461; effect on his character of imprisonment at St. Helena, 110; at Usutu, 111, 480, 481, 482; Boer War, 111, 484; Dhleke expedition, 485; Holkrantz, 485; desire to become Paramount Chief, 486; rifles seized from Boers, 113; Zibebu, 113; builds fort, 113; regiments, 113; guns and ammunition, 91, 435; disease in Kaffir-corn, 102; pig-and-white-fowl-killing order, 103; consulted by Natal Chiefs, 104, 489; rumours current among Natives in connection with, 113; his loyalty attested to by Commissioner, 117, 194, 213, 487; promptness in paying poll tax, 118, 489; Bambata visits Usutu, 166, 433; harbours Bambata's wife and children, 167, 433; attitude towards the Government, 213, 214; proof of alleged loyalty required, 213, 340; Mr. Stainbank's murderers, 221; Bambata, Cakijana, and Mangati, 313, 438; his indunas' visit to Governor, 340; incriminating evidence, 426; visit to Governor at Pietermaritzburg, 427, 491, 510, 532; Native Affairs Commission, 428; murders associated with, 430; contemplated removal of Bambata's wife from Usutu, 432; rebels delivered up by, 432; hunt in Umfolozi valley, 436; method of obtaining ammunition, 436; Police patrol at Usutu, 437; doctored for war, 437; writes to Governor and others, 439; directed to surrender at Nongoma, 441, 444; messengers to Nongoma, 445; calls up young warriors, 446; surrender, 447; interview with Commandant, 448; concealment of guns, 450; removed to Pietermaritzburg, 453; effect of his arrest on Natives, 455; preliminary examination, 460; witnesses and complaints by Defence, 464-467; committed for trial, 463; Natal Government grants £500 to assist in his defence, 463; his evidence, 472; conviction, 472; removed to Central Gaol, 474; deposed, 474; release and settlement in Transvaal, 476; Government's policy in regard to, 477-482; request for inquiry, 490, 492; why he did not take active part in Rebellion, 493; nature of assistance to Bambata, 494, 496, 497; murders of Stainbank and Gence, 502; restraining influence during Rebellion, 511. _See also_ 105, 487, 528.

Dinuzulu Expedition, 443-455. _See also_ Apps. VI. and VII.

Dinuzulu's tribe: Bringing in of guns and assegais, 454; control of, 454, 470, 474.

Diseases: Rinderpest, 92; lung-sickness, 92; East Coast Fever, 93; Europeans held responsible by Zulus for introduction of human and stock, 519.

Disposition of Forces (7th May, 1906). _See_ App. IV.

Doctoring for War. _See_ Habits and Customs.

Drives, bush: Col. McKenzie's views, 415.

Dundee Reserves: At Helpmakaar, 322, 324; Elands Kraal, 325. _See also_ 256.

Dunn, R.E., 121.

Durban Light Infantry: Formation, 7; Mapumulo, 147, 344; Mpanza, 179; Bobe, 230; Cetshwayo's grave, 241; (M.I.) Macala, 246; Ensingabantu, 250; Mome, 282, 305; Manzipambana, 285; Nkandhla forests, 294; Pomeroy, 327; with U.F.F. at Buffalo R., 330; Nkandhla, 333; with Woolls-Sampson's column, 341; garrison, Bond's Drift, 360; Macrae's store, 362; Izinsimba, 387; Ndhlovu's ward, 393; demobilized, 395; Dinuzulu Expedition, 444. _See also_ 225, 227, 228, 247, 374, 396.

Durban Reserves, 354, 394.

Durnford, Maj. (later Col.) A.W., 11, 557.

Durnford, Admiral, 64.

East Coast Fever, 93.

Education, Native, 35.

Ehlers, Chief Leader H., 366.

Elands Kraal: Action at, 325.

Elgin, Lord, 151, 405, 491.

Empandhleni: Intended attack on by rebels, 191; European force at, 191; garrison, 342.

Engineer Corps, 60.

Enhlweni: Meaning of name, 187; meeting of rebels at, 197; Cetshwayo's refuge, 210; destruction of, 284. _See also_ 205.

Enon forest, 126, 129, 138.

Ensingabantu: Operations, 250; garrison, 342, 396.

Esidumbini, 370, 374.

Estcourt Reserves: Elands Kraal, 256, 324, 325.

Ethiopia, Order of, 129.

Ethiopianism: Origin of Ethiopian Movement, 128; seditious teaching, 97, 420; political propaganda, 521.

Executions: Murderers of Hunt and Armstrong, 138, 154, 403, 408; Mjongo, 150; Jombolwana, 471; Mayatana, 502.

Exemptions from Native law, 36.

Expenditure, 406. _See also_ App. VIII.

Fairlie, Inspr. C.E.: In command, Zululand Police, 62; Bobe, 230; Mome, 301, 302, 309; Usutu, 437; operates against rebels in hiding, 458.

Farewell, Lieut. F.G., 2.

Fayle, Thos., 139.

Felapakati (regiment), 235.

Field Bakeries. _See_ Bakeries, Field.

Field Hospital, Thring's Post, 384.

Fingos, 23.

Firearms: Natives not allowed to possess, 37; number possessed by Natives, 90; registration, 90; Dinuzulu and Boer rifles, 113, 485, 490; of Bambata's force, 182, 198; of rebels at Manzipambana, 292; illegally possessed by Dinuzulu, 91, 113, 435; concealment of Dinuzulu's, 450, 452; search for, by M.C.R., 457. _See also_ 255, 431.

Flindt, Capt. R.L., 400.

Folker, Tpr. O., 173.

Forbes, Lieut. R.G., 303.

Fraser, Maj. A.W.: Manzipambana, 293; Mome, 307.

Fraser, Capt. F., 60.

Fraser, Maj. J.: Court-martial, Richmond, 151; proceeds with N.R.R. to Greytown, 258; Dinuzulu's escort, 453.

Fraser, Act. Sergt., 288.

Frere, Sir Bartle, 12.

Funizwe: Succeeds Bambata, 166; assists troops, 257. _See also_ 258.

Furze, Lt.-Col. J.J., 249, 400.

Fynn, Henry F.: Arrives, Port Natal, 2; humanitarian services, 3; his unpublished MSS., 5.

Fynn, H.F. (son of above), 210.

Fynn's (Charlie) tribe: Rebellious behaviour at Umtwalume, 143; cattle-fine imposed on, 144.

Gaillard's store, Umvoti, 122, 382.

Gallwey, Capt. W.J., 257, 392.

Gardiner, Capt. Allen F.: Treaty with Dingana, 18; appointed J.P.--protest by Natal residents, 18. _See also_ 5.

Garland, E.A., 141.

Gayede, 178, 203, 259, 315.

Gcongco spur, 241.

Gence, 430, 502.

Gibson, J.Y.: Collection of poll tax, 132; visits Miskofeli, 142; appointed Magistrate, Mahlabatini, 220. _See also_ 422.

Gibson, 138.

Gingindhlovu: Troops concentrate at (1907), 444.

Gordon, Capt. J.L., 357.

Goulding, Capt. R.L., 231, 233.

Governor. _See_ McCallum, Sir H., _and_ Nathan, Sir M.

Government, Natal: Cabinet, 44; reasons for not resorting to ballot (Militia Act), 51; distribution of grain to necessitous Natives, 92; steps taken to prevent spread of East Coast Fever, 94; pig-and-white-fowl-killing order, 117; firm control of affairs during Rebellion, 136; suspension of executions by Secretary of State, 152; Ministry tender resignation, 152; decision to cope with Rebellion as far as possible from Natal resources alone, 211; proof required of Dinuzulu's loyalty, 213, 340; removal of Kula, 323; cost of Rebellion, 406 _and_ App. VIII.; Native Affairs Commission, 424; issue of warrants for Dinuzulu's arrest, 438, 492; Dinuzulu's salary, 461; £500 paid to assist in Dinuzulu's defence, 463; attacks on its Dinuzulu policy, 477, _see also_ Dinuzulu.

Grave, Cetshwayo's. _See_ Cetshwayo's grave.

Gray, Capt. Park, 218.

Greytown: Rumours of attack by Bambata, 162; defence of, 169; Special Court, 471.

Greytown Reserves, 179, 261.

Guards, Advanced: Col. Barker's views, 416.

Guest, Tpr., 173.

Habits and Customs: Treatment of enemy killed in battle, 26, 175; marriages, 30, 70; _lobola_ cattle, 30, 93, 157; huts and cattle-pen, construction of, 30; incidental to Zulu Military System, 67-89; Feast of the First Fruits, 70; _isicoco_ (headring), 70; eating of _Umbengo_, 78; invoking departed spirits, 82, 87; _Ukucelwa_ (being sprinkled), 83; care of huts during warriors' absence, 87; behaviour and customs of families during warriors' absence, 87; cleansing formalities, 88, 275; cowards, 88; _tshwala_, 102; cattle-killing order, Kaffraria (1857), 107; Zulu Customs, 198-202; doctoring for war, 84, 199, 347, 378, 437; iron-smelting, making of assegais, etc., 208; burial of Cetshwayo and care of his grave, 210; welcome by womenfolk to returning warriors, 275; shaving of heads by widows, 432; _hlonipa_ (propriety of behaviour), 488. _See also_ 231, Superstitious Beliefs _and_ Zulu Mil. Sys.

Hailstorm, 102.

Hair, Lt.-Col. A., 150.

Hamu (Dinuzulu's uncle), 15.

Harrington, A.E.: Kula, 322. _See also_ 422.

Hatshi, Chief: Arrests Meseni and Ndhlovu, 393.

Hedges, Lieut., 296, 335, 414.

Helbert, Capt. G.H., 329.

Helpmakaar: Evacuation of, 256; Mehlokazulu's _impi_, 267; Europeans go into lager, 322.

Helpmakaar Field Force, 329.

Henderson, Chief Leader A.F., 324.

Henderson, Capt. W.P.M., 327.

Hignett, C.F., 278.

Hime, Sir Albert, 41, 65.

Hlangabeza, 259, 315.

Hlonono. _See_ Peyana.

Hoare, Commander F., 147, 231.

Holkrantz, massacre at, 112, 410, 485.

Holmes, Tpr. W.C., 290, 291.

Honours. _See_ App. II.

Hopkins, Levy-leader W.H.E., 252, 291, 293.

Hosken, Maj. C. Victor, 56.

Hosking, Capt. E.J.B., 333.

Hulett, Sir J.L., 480.

Hulley, Capt. D.J.C., 363.

Humphery, Capt. M., 223, 355.

Hunt, Sub.-Inspr. S.H.K., 123.

Hurst, Capt. G.T., 324.

Hut tax: First levied by Sir T. Shepstone, 24; absence of complaints regarding, 96; raising of, 118, 120; Dinuzulu consulted by Transvaal Chiefs, 490.

Hyslop, Lt.-Col. J., 57.

Hyslop, Sir T., 44, 99.

Imperial Government: Garrison at Pietermaritzburg, 9; Instructions to Governor, 20; gradual withdrawal of troops from Natal, 38; assistance given Natal by, 63; Maj.-Gen. Stephenson deputed to witness operations, 251; repatriation of Dinuzulu and his uncles, 478; Natives' anxiety not to alienate sympathy of, 507. _See also_ 491.

Imperial troops: Effect on Natives of withdrawal of, 63, 522.

Indemnity, Acts of, 405, 470.

Indian law (trial of political offenders), 468.

Indian stretcher-bearers, 57, 65, 354, 418.

Infantry: Value of, in Native warfare, 416.

Insuze, action at, 367-370.

Intelligence, 53, 296, 414.

Isaacs, N., 5, 73.

Isandhlwana, B. of, 13.

_Isibalo_ (corvée), 25-27.

Izinsimba, action at, 387.

Jackson, G.A., 328.

Jackson, J.F., 151.

James, Lieut. H.T., 253, 381.

Jardine, Capt. Walter, 224.

Jeke, 144.

Jellicoe, E.G., 463.

Jenner, John, 182.

Johnson, Tpr. C.W., 299.

Jombolwana, 471.

Justice, Minister of. _See_ Watt, Sir T., _and_ Carter, T.F.

Kaffir-corn disease, 102.

Kaffraria: Cattle-killing order (1857), 107.

Kambi (Dinuzulu's cousin), 493.

Keate's Drift, 169, 170.

Knight, J.L., 143.

Knott, Major W., 150.

Knox, Capt. A.G., 351.

Knox, Q.M.-Sergt. L.E., 348.

Koster, Cpl. J., 349.

Kotongweni: Battle of (1884), 210; operations at, 330, 336.

Krantzkop Reserves: Mobilization, 185, 257; at Empandhleni, 185, 189; Nkandhla, 260; at Ngubevu, 264; Mpukunyoni, 268; demobilization, 276; remobilization, 330, 374; Mfongozi and Kotongweni, 330; demobilized, 394.

Krogh, J.C., 475.

Kula: Size and importance of tribe, 319; disrespect to Governor, 320; rebellious attitude, 321; summoned to Pietermaritzburg, 321; reports his uncle Mtele as in rebellion, 322; arrest and removal, 323; detention, 404.

Ladysmith Reserves, 256, 325, 454.

Langalibalele Rebellion, 10.

Lala (ama), 207, 499.

Lamont, Maj. J.W.F., 225.

Lancaster and York: Recruiting, 329; join Mackay's column, 330; Meseni's ward, 376; Izinsimba, 387; Ndhlovu's ward, 391. _See also_ 339.

Lancaster and York Association, 329.

Land: Locations, 23; how formerly held by Natives, 32; alienation of, 519.

Landsberg, Capt. M., 258.

Langalibalele Rebellion, 10, 54.

Leader, Brig.-Gen. H.P.: Commandant of Volunteers, 39; Commandant of Militia, 45.

Legislative Assembly: Thanks of, to Militia and other forces, 401.

Legislative Council, 401.

Le Mesurier, Tpr., 380.

Lessons of the Rebellion: Rapidity in suppressing the Rebellion, 407; efficiency of Militia, 407; co-operation of Governor and Ministers, 408; availability of capable men, 409; rebels' strategy and tactics, 410; quick pursuit imperative, 412; intelligence, 414; operating in Nkandhla forests, 415; infantry, 416; advanced guards, 416; medical, 57, 419; mule transport, 417; levies, 418; Rexer guns, 419; roads, 419. _See also_ 192-195.

Leuchars, Col. G.: Mapumulo, 147; services, 148; administers martial law, 149; imposes stock fine on Ngobizembe, 149; arranges for defence, Greytown, 169; commands troops, Mpanza, 179; advises against Active Militia being sent in pursuit of Bambata, 181, 190; with U.F.F., 257; accident to, 268; at Mpukunyoni, 269; in command troops, Natal and Nqutu, 279, 327; punishes Meseni, 346; at Thring's Post, 373. _See also_ 376, 409, 418.

Leuchars' Column: Mapumulo, 147; Macala, 242; Mpukunyoni, 269; Kombe valley, 335; Thring's Post, 373; Meseni's ward, 376; Umvoti valley, 381; Izinsimba, 387; Ndhlovu's ward, 391; Esidumbini, 394. _See also_ 395, _and_ Sibindi.

Levies, Native: Where recruited, how armed, 62; proposal to raise in Zululand for Mapumulo, 148; Sibindi's men, Mpanza valley, 180; Bobe, 231; Insuze valley, 239; Cetshwayo's grave, 241; Macala, 246, 334; Ensingabantu, 250, 339; Tate gorge, 252; Sibindi and U.F.F., 264, 330; Sibindi at Mpukunyoni, 270-275; Mome valley, 282; Manzipambana, 285, 288; Silwana's men, 327; Mapumulo, 329; at Isiwasamanqe, 342; join Barker's column, 367; with Crompton, 399; reports on, 418. _See also_ 338.

Liddle, Lieut. H.S., 367.

Ligertwood, Capt. C.E., 238.

Lindsay, Sub.-Inspr. C.R., 458.

Little Noodsberg Hall, 366.

Locations and wards. _See_ Land.

Locusts, plague of, 92.

London, Lieut. W.H., 241, 253, 287.

Loyalists: Position during Rebellion, 203, 228, 423; murders of, 430, 438.

Lyttle, Inspr. W.F., 126, 443.

Mabeketshiya, 404.

Maboko, 446, 456.

Mabulawo, 321.

Macabacaba, 378, 395.

Macala (induna): In supreme command of rebels, 314; Mome, 316.

Macala: Rebels at, 237, 314; operations, 242, 334.

McCallum, Sir H.: Proclaims martial law, 135; Richmond executions, 151; strongly supports Ministers, 225; thanks T.M.R. for their services, 401; publicly thanks troops at Pietermaritzburg, 402; Native Affairs Commission, 424; interviews with Dinuzulu and other Chiefs, 427, 428; appreciation of services to Natal, 428. _See also_ 44, 320, 426.

Macfarlane, Capt. S.C., 311.

Mackay, Lt.-Col. D.W.: In command Natal Carbineers, 191; convoys, 192, 216, 239; at Helpmakaar, 326; cattle-fines on Matshana's tribe, 397; at Usutu, 450. _See also_ 136, 268, 331.

Mackay's Column: At Empandhleni, 219, 341; leaves Helpmakaar for Zululand, 255; at Mahlaba, 267; composition of, 329; joined by L. and Y. contingent, 330; Thring's Post, 374; Otimati, 375; Meseni's ward, 376; Umvoti valley, 381, 382; Izinsimba, 387; Ndhlovu's ward, 391. _See also_ 266, 276, 278, 384, 395.

McKay, Capt. H., 303.

McKenzie, Lieut. A., 324.

McKenzie, Col. Sir D.: In command of column, 137; services, 137; authority to administer martial law, 137, 149, 151; cattle-fine, Fynn's tribe, 144; takes command, Z.F.F., 226; at Empandhleni, 237; operations, Nkandhla district, 237-256, 280-298, 333-343; Cetshwayo's grave, 241; negotiates with Ndabaningi _re_ surrender, 245; in supreme command, 255, 279; harassing rebels by repeated driving, 281; hears of proposed march of enemy, Macala to Mome, 297; despatch to Barker, 297; at Mome, 305-311; suspends operations, 338; dispatches troops to Mapumulo, 341; discusses situation with Acting-Commandant and Leuchars, 373; with Mackay's column, Meseni's ward, 377; Ndhlovu's ward, 391; discusses situation with Minister of Defence and Commandant, 394; General Report, 414-419; succeeds as Commandant, 425; plan for arrest of Dinuzulu, 443; proceeds to Nongoma viâ Somkele, 444; interview with Mankulumana, 446; interview with Dinuzulu, 448; Dinuzulu's tribe, 449; leaves for Vryheid, 456; success in calling in Natives' firearms, 457. _See also_ 342, 409.

McKenzie's Column: Demonstrations in south-western districts, 137-146; Mveli's ward, 138; Miskofeli, 141; Charlie Fynn's ward, 144; result of demonstrations, 146; at Ensingabantu, 250; Tate, 251; Mome, 305. _See also_ 246, 333, 335, _and under_ McKenzie, Col. Sir D.

Macrae's store: Action at, 362.

Magadise, 273, 277.

Magistrates: Natal and Zululand, 27, 29; meetings _re_ Poll Tax Act, 118; influence of, 422.

Magwababa:

## Acting Chief, 158;

supersedes Bambata, 166; captured by Bambata, 167; escapes, 182. _See also_ 258.

Mahlanga, 346, 364, 390.

Makafula, 277, 331.

Makanda, 129.

Malaza, 177, 335.

Male, Lieut., 247, 291.

Malone, Tpr. T., 248, 254.

Mandisindaba, 296.

Mangati: Befriends Bambata, 183; at Enhlweni, 198, 201; at Macala, 243; visits Dinuzulu, 313; evidence incriminating Dinuzulu, 438. _See also_ 314, 315, 495.

Mankulumana: Alleged incitement of Bambata, 167, 433; mission to Sigananda, 203, 215; visits Pietermaritzburg, 340, 427; arrest, 456; committed for trial, 463; trial, 475; part taken by, in Rebellion, 495. _See also_ 445, 448, 476, 502.

Mansel, Lt.-Col. G.: Takes force to Keate's Drift, 170; Mpanza, 171-175, 179; follows Bambata, 186; at Empandhleni, 190, 194; at Fort Yolland, 217; Bobe, 230; raises Zululand Native Police (Nongqai), 558; opinion, 559. _See also_ 137, 420.

Mansel's Column: Komo, 230; Bobe, 230; at Fort Yolland, 236; Cetshwayo's grave, 243, 247, 284; composition of, 247; Mome valley, 282; Nkandhla forests, 285, 294; leaves for Middle Drift, 339; proceeds to Ngudwini, 360, 374, 396; Izinsimba, 390; Ndhlovu's ward, 391; demobilized, 396. _See also_ 194.

Manuka, 264, 324.

Manzipambana, action at, 287.

Manzolwandhle (Dinuzulu's brother), 14, 15, 111.

Maps, 54, 55.

Mapumulo: Poll tax collection, Allan's store, 121; concentration of troops, 332, 341, 354; outbreak at, 339, 341, 348; garrison, 343; district of, 360. _See also_ 345.

Mapumulo Field Force, 354.

Mardall, Asst. Com. G.S., 404.

Marsden, Lieut. C., 311.

Marshall's Hotel, 160, 169.

Martial law: Proclamation of (Feb. 10, 1906), 130; offences tried under, 135, 402; abrogation of, 405; proclaimed in Zululand (Dec. 3, 1907), 440; Northern Districts, except Utrecht, under, 450; why continued after arrest of Dinuzulu, 465; revocation of, 470.

Matabele Rebellion, 181, 507. _See also_ App. X.

Matshana ka Mondise: His loyalty, 167, 271, 397; Leuchars' interview with, 269; tribe fined by Mackay, 397; seizure of cattle by Royston's column, 397. _See also_ 10.

Matshwili and his tribe, 346, 364, 386, 390.

Matterson, Lt.-Col., 136.

Maw, Tpr. H.C., 238.

Maxwell, Col. T., 345, 422.

Mayatana, 502.

Mbombo (war doctor), 347.

Mbuyazi: Battle between his and Cetshwayo's followers, 209.

Mbuzo, 186, 269.

Mciteki (son of Zibebu), 29, 493.

Medal, issue of, 406.

Medical: Corps, 227; health of troops, 419. _See also_ 57.

Mehlokazulu: Zulu War, 12; joins Bambata, 250; he rebels, 266, 276; tribe doctored for war, 277; Mackay's column, 278; killed at Mome, 308; responsible for rebels being trapped at Mome, 315. _See also_, 318, 397, 495.

Menne, Maj., 169.

Meseni: Ancestors, 345; division of tribe, 345; faction fight, and punishment of, 345; arrested and imprisoned, Mapumulo, 346; rebels assembling in his ward, 365; murder of Veal, 378; flight to Zululand, and arrest, 393; trial, 403; release, 476.

Meseni's tribe: Insult and defy Magistrate, 346; murder of Veal, 378.

Meseni's ward: Converging movement on, 365, 376-383.

Meyer, Conrad, 437.

Mfungelwa, 229, 231.

Mganu: One of rebel commanders, 314.

Mgombana (Bambata's induna), 182.

Mgwaqo: arrest 456; trial, 475. _See also_ 427, 448, 495.

Mid-Illovo, 131, 139.

Military Organization: Volunteer corps, 7, 9; rifle associations, 7; _Military Organization, State of, on Outbreak of Rebellion_, 38-66; Volunteer Act, 38; Commandants, 38; Natal Mounted Police, 39; Col. W. Royston, 39; liability for service, 39; Militia Act, 39;

## Active Militia and Reserves, 42;

strength of Militia (1906), 43, 49; encouragement given by Government, 44; Col. H.T. Bru-de-Wold, 46; Reserves, 51; Intelligence and Maps, 53; Transport, 55, 418; Medical Corps, 57; Veterinary and Remounts, 58; Ordnance and Equipment, 58; Service Corps, 59; Telegraph Corps, 60; Engineer Corps, 60; Natal Police, 60; Cadets, 65; extraordinary: Royston's Horse, Natal Rangers, Natal Native Horse and Zululand Native Police, 61. Other assistance, _see_ Offers of Assistance.

Military System, Zulu. _See_ Zulu Military System.

Militia, Active: Mobilization, 42, 130, 225, 439, 443; strength, 49, 50, 455; demobilization, 395, 400, 454, 455. _See_ Apps. III., IV. _and_ VI.

Militia Reserves: Mobilization, 42, 225; Lt.-Col. Wales, 53; strength, 53, 455; with Mackay's column, 256; with U.F.F., 260; demobilization, 279; Umsinga, 322; with Murray-Smith's column, 324; at Buffalo River, 330; Dinuzulu Expedition, 441; with Vryheid column, 454. _See also_ 52, Militia Act, _and_ Apps. III., IV., and VII.

Militia Act: Passing of, 39, 41; meaning of "organization," 40;

## Active Militia and Reserves, 42;

strength of Active Militia, 42; mobilization, 42; Natives and other coloured male population, 43; amending Act, 43; election of officers, Reserves, 43.

Militia Composite Regiment, 398, 456, 458.

Milton, Trumpeter, C., 173.

Miskofeli, 141, 142.

Missionary Societies, 35.

Mjongo: At Trewirgie, 124, 129; kraal and crops destroyed, 138; taken prisoner, 147; trial and execution, 150, 403. _See also_ 125.

Mnyamana, 207.

Mobilization. _See_ Militia, Active and Militia Reserves.

Moe, Maj. G.: Natal Native Horse, 62; Pomeroy, 331.

Molyneux, Maj. G.J., 241.

Molyneux, Lt.-Col. W.H.A., 66.

Mome:

## Action at, 301;

losses among troops and rebels, 311; strength of rebels, 316; consequences of action, 342. _See also_ 206, 282.

Montgomery, Capt. J.W.V., 398.

Moor, Rt. Hon. Sir F.R., 426.

Moses: At Mpanza, 177; accompanies Bambata to Nkandhla, 182; killed, Mome, 310.

Mpande (Zulu king): Takes refuge in Natal, 6; battle with Dingana, 6; Paramount Chief, 7; military system, 72.

Mpanza: _Outbreak at Mpanza_ 155-177; visit of Maj. Clarke and police to, 165; Magistrate and party attacked, 168; Bambata's attack on Police, 171; effect on Natives of success at, 410. _See also_ 505.

Mpukunyoni: Action at, 269-275.

Mpumela, 186, 260, 438, 492.

Mpumulwana and Wome: Action at, 379.

Mtele, 104, 264, 277, 310, 322, 325.

Mtonga, 342, 348.

Mudie, C.J., Supt. of Education, 66.

Müller, Chief-Leader A., 325.

Muntumuni, 187, 188.

Murders: H. Smith, 120; S.H.K. Hunt and G. Armstrong, 125; H.M. Stainbank, 219, 502; Walters, 240; A. Powell, 348; Sangreid, 349; O.E. Veal, 377; mutilation of bodies, 176, 378; in Dinuzulu's ward, 429; Gence, 430, 502; Sitshitshili, 430, 491; Dinuzulu believed to be implicated in, 437; arrest of murderers by N.P., 459; Mpumela, 492. _See also_ 221, 431, 438, 509.

Murray-Smith, Lt.-Col. W.: At Helpmakaar, 322, 324; with U.F.F., 327; Izinsimba, 388.

Murray-Smith's Column: Convoy, Dundee to Empandhleni, 250; Elands Kraal, 325; Nqoro, 326.

Mutilation of bodies, _see_ Murders.

Mveli and his tribe: Payment of poll tax, 122; affair with police, Trewirgie, 123; assist troops, 138; searching for murderers, 146. _See also_ 147.

Natal: Early history, 1-13, 18; colonists, _see_ Colonists, Natal; annexation, 7; military organization, _see_ Military Organization; becomes a Colony, 9; Imperial garrison, 9; Responsible Government, 9; population in 1835, 18; Boer government, 19.

Natal Carbineers: Formation, 7; Bushman's Pass, 11; history of, 374; mobilization, 136, 191; Trewirgie, 137; strength, 191; Ndindindi, 218; Helpmakaar, 225; Nkandhla to Helpmakaar with convoy, 239; Ensingabantu, 250; Tate, 252; in Zululand with Mackay, 256; Mome, 282, 305; Nkandhla forests, 285, 294; Manzipambana, 285; Elands Kraal, 325; Peyana, 355; Thring's Post, 374; Meseni's ward, 376-377; Umvoti valley, 381; Izinsimba, 387; at Mapumulo, 398; disbandment, 400; Dinuzulu Expedition, 440, 445; leave Nongoma for Vryheid, 454; demobilization, 456. _See also_ 216, 250, 323, 324, 327, 329, 331, 354.

Natal Field Artillery: Formation, 7; mobilization, 136; at Richmond, 137; Mapumulo, 147; Mpanza, 179; Cetshwayo's grave, 247; with Mackay in Zululand, 256, 329; with U.F.F., 260; Gun Hill, 282; Mome, 301; Dundee to Helpmakaar, 324; Elands Kraal, 325; Nkandhla, 333; Ensingabantu, 339; Peyana, 354; with Barker's column, 360; Macrae's store, 362; Insuze, 367; Ponjwana, 371; Meseni's ward, 376; Izinsimba, 387; Ndhlovu's ward 393; demobilized, 394; Dinuzulu Expedition, 444, 453. _See also_ 191, 216, 227, 341, 354, 396.

Natal Indian Congress, 65.

Natal Medical Corps, 57, 137, 227, 260.

Natal Mounted Police, 39.

Natal Mounted Rifles: Formation, 7; Mapumulo, 147, 344, 354; Bobe, 230; join U.F.F., 250, 256; Umsinga to Helpmakaar, 322; Elands Kraal, 325; Otimati, 350; Peyana, 355; Meseni's ward, 376; Mpumulwana and Wome, 380; Izimsimba, 387; Ndhlovu's ward, 391. _See also_ 228, 250, 324, 327.

Natal Native Horse: Enrolment, 62; arrive Nomangci with remounts, 294; Nkandhla forests, 295; clearing-up work done by, 399; disbandment, 400. _See also_ 329, 331, 341, and App. XI.

Natal Native Trust, 36.

Natal Naval Corps: Mapumulo, 147; Bobe, 230; Cetshwayo's grave, 247; Nkandhla forests, 294; Izinsimba, 390; Ndhlovu's ward, 393; demobilized, 394; Dinuzulu Expedition, 452. _See also_ 227, 396.

Natal Police: Formation, 7; personnel, 60; at Mapumulo, 122; Trewirgie, 123, 137; at Thornville Junction, 137; Mpanza, 165; Greytown, 170; proceed to Keate's Drift to rescue ladies and child, 170; ambuscaded at Mpanza, 171; Mpanza valley, 179; proceed to Nkandhla, 186; Middle Drift to Empandhleni, 190; at Empandhleni, 191, 194; Empandhleni to Fort Yolland, 194, 217; in pursuit of Bambata, 216; at Fort Yolland, 217, 227; Nkandhla, 225, 285, 294, 333; Bobe, 231; Macala, 246; Cetshwayo's grave, 247; Komo and Fort Yolland, 251; Mome, 282, 301; at Umsinga, 321; Ensingabantu, 339; proceed to Ngudwini, 360, 396; Izinsimba, 390; Ndhlovu's ward, 393; patrols, 431; at Melmoth, 443; at Nongoma, 443, 445; Dinuzulu Expedition, 443; rebels in hiding shot by, 459; arrest of murderers, 459. _See also_ 133, 144, 147, 178, 259, 456.

Natal Police Field Force. _See_ Natal Police.

Natal Rangers: Formation, 62, 249; at Nomangci, 294; Nkandhla, 294, 333; Mome, 305; Kotongweni, 336; Ensingabantu, 339, 396; Empandhleni to Fort Yolland, 341; Meseni's ward, 376; Izinsimba, 387; Ndhlovu's ward, 391; Thring's Post, 395; Macala and Mfongozi valley, 396; clearing-up work done by, 399; garrison duty, 400; disbandment, 400. _See also_ 329, 341, 374, 385.

Natal Royal Rifles: Formation, 7; mobilization, 136; at Richmond, 138, 141; at Dundee, 250; with U.F.F., 260; convoy, Dundee to Nkandhla, 327; with U.F.F., 330; demobilized, 395; Dinuzulu Expedition, 452. _See also_ 147, 250, 258, 324, 374.

Natal Service Corps, 137, 260.

Natal Telegraph Corps, 137, 260.

Natal Veterinary Corps, 260.

Nathan, Sir Matthew, 429, 441, 491.

Native Administration. _See Native Administration in Natal_ (18-37).

Native Affairs Commission (1906-7): Reforms proposed by, 422; appointment of, 424; scope and constitution, 425; report, 425; evidence by Natives before, 515; Natives' desire for a Paramount Chief, 533. _See also_ 428.

Native Corps: Proposed creation of permanent. _See_ App. XI.

Native High Court, 28, 347.

Native Police: Attitude during Rebellion, 420.

Native policy: Boer, 19; Instructions to Governor, 20; principles governing, 21; Sir T. Shepstone, 23; laying off of "locations," 23; hut tax, 24; _isibalo_ (corvée), 25; Code of Native law, 27; Native High Court, 28; administration of Native affairs, 28, 31; S.O. Samuelson, 28; Commissioner for Native Affairs, 29; tribal system, 29; land tenure, 32; Commissions, 34; Constitution Act (1893), 35; land grants to missionary societies, 35; promotion of industries by Government, 36; exemption from Native law, 36; qualifications for franchise, 37; disabilities of Natives, 37; principle of dissevering tribes, 89; independence (of Native Christians) of Chief's control, 128; inadequacy of organic connection between Europeans and Natives, 528; value of tribal system, 530; desire of Natives for a head, 532.

Natives: Refugees, 8, 19; antagonism between those of Natal and Zululand, 9; _isibalo_ (corvée), 25; habits and customs, _see_ Habits and Customs; tribal system, 29-34; franchise, 37; crops destroyed by locusts, 92; rents on farms, 94, 159; working at Johannesburg, 97; Ethiopian propaganda, 97; independent attitude of youths, 97; taxation, 99; Census, 100; disturbing rumours before the Rebellion, 113; resent paying poll tax, 118; possibility of general rising, Zululand and Natal, 226; mobility of, 376; effect of Dinuzulu's arrest on, 455; Crown Colony govt., 507, 514; Kolwas (Christians), 520; superstitious beliefs, _see_ Superstitious Beliefs.

Native Wars, etc., 10.

Native Women: Position, 33; in Insuze valley, 239; assistance given rebels by, 244; destitute (of Bambata's tribe) provided for, 260; Mome valley, 284.

Ndabaningi: Fined, 184; Bobe, 235; negotiations _re_ surrender, 245; trial, 403. _See also_ 249, 315.

Ndabayake, 452.

Ndabuko: At war with Zibebu, 14; tried and deported to St. Helena, 16; repatriation, 16. _See also_ 111.

Ndhlovu ka Timuni: Otimati, 353; trial, 403; release, 476. _See also_ 346, 391.

Ndube, 186, 229.

Nel, Chief Leader John, 180, 260.

Neville, Sergt.-Maj. S.L., 367.

Newcastle Reserves: At Helpmakaar, 256, 322, 324; with Mackay, 256; Elands Kraal, 325; Vryheid, 454.

New Hanover Reserves: At Little Noodsberg Hall, 366; Insuze, 367; Ponjwana, 371; demobilized, 394.

Newmarch, Maj. W.J.S., 265, 279.

Newspaper Mission Station, 366.

Ngobizembe: Surrender and deposition, 149; part of tribe join Bambata, 318; cattle-fine, 343. _See also_ 122.

Ngqengqengqe, 166, 494.

Nguni (abe), 207.

Nhlonhlo: Poll tax, 161; influence on Bambata, 165. _See also_ 166.

Nicholson, W., 139.

Njubanjuba, 370.

Nkandhla: Strength of rebel force at, 191; forests, 204; stronghold, 205; history of tribe at, 207; Sir D. McKenzie on operations at, 415.

Nkantolo, 375.

Nkomondala (Dinuzulu's bodyguard), 113.

Nondubela, 104, 310, 322.

Nongqai (Zululand Native Police): Re-enlisted, 62; at Mapumulo, 150; Mpanza, 179; at Empandhleni, 190, 194; at Fort Yolland, 217; Komo, 227; Bobe, 231; Macala, 246; Cetshwayo's grave, 247; Mome valley, 282; Nkandhla forests, 294; Mome, 301; Ndhlovu's ward, 393; at Ngudwini, 396; loyalty of, 420. _See also_ 170, 178, 186, and App. XI.

Northern District Mounted Rifles: Macala, 246; Cetshwayo's grave, 246; Ensingabantu, 250, 339; Manzipambana, 285; Nkandhla, 294, 333; Mome, 305; Macrae's store, 362; Meseni's ward, 376; Mpumulwana and Wome, 380; Izinsimba, 387; Vryheid, 454. _See also_ 219, 225, 227, 242.

Ntshingumuzi, 347, 364.

Ntungwa (ama), 207.

Nuss, Lieut. J.H.C., 259, 264, 271.

Ofeni gorge, 333.

Offers of Assistance: Imperial Government, 63; Cape, 64, 222; Transvaal, 64, 222; Sir Abe Bailey, 65; Natal Indian Congress, 65; Natal Colonists (in London), 65; other offers, 65.

Oglesby's store: Attack on convoy, 331, 348; looting of, 350.

Oliver, Tpr. G.O., 299.

Ordnance. _See_ Military Organization.

Organization. _See_ Military Organization and Rebel Organization.

Otimati: Attack on convoy, 331;

## action at, 350;

rebels killed at, 352.

Ottley, Sub. Inspr. C.R., 171, 321.

Paula, 201, 310.

Peace, Sir Walter, 65.

Peakman, Lt.-Col. T., 329.

Peet, Hon. Capt. J., 224.

Peyana (Hlonono): Action at, 354.

Phenomena: Disease in Kaffir corn, 102; hailstorm, 102; ball of fire, 125.

Pietermaritzburg: Laid off by Boers, 7; garrison, 9; parade of troops, 402; scare, 422; Special Court at, 475.

Piet Retief: Arrival in Natal, 4; massacre, 6, 183.

Pig-and-white-fowl-killing order: Promulgation of, 103; Dinuzulu denies issuing, 105, 489; spreading of rumour, 108, 132; attributed to Dinuzulu, 486.

Polela: Native defiance at, 127.

Poll tax: Tribes combine on account of, 90; on whom it fell, 99; Dinuzulu's promptness in paying, 118, 489; resentment of Natives, 118; place and time of payment, 118; defiance of Natives at collections, 121, 122, 130, 143; Mveli's tribe, 122, 132; amounts collected in various years, 131; Mid-Illovo, 139; Fynn's tribe, 143; Bambata, 160, 161; Nhlonhlo, 161; Sigananda and his tribe, 184; failure of Natives to pay, 192; Kula and Nondubela, 320; Tulwana, 320; Meseni's tribe, 346; inciting cause of Rebellion, 520. _See also_ 488.

Poll Tax Act: Passing of, 99; independence of youths increased by, 101; reception of, at Umsinga, 319. _See also_ 420, 513.

Ponjwana (Sikota's Kraal): Action at, 371.

Powell, Tpr. A., 348, 352.

Prime Minister. _See_ Smythe, Hon. C.J., _and_ Moor, Rt. Hon. Sir F.R.

Prince Imperial of France, 13, 266.

Prior, Capt. A., 59.

Prisoners: Attempted escape and shooting of, at Rorke's Drift, 398; sentences passed on rank and file, 404; care and employment of, 404; ringleaders sent to St. Helena, 404; release, 442, 459, 476.

Puntan, Lt.-Col. H.H.C., 403.

Qudeni, 185, 295.

Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders, 64.

Qwabe: Origin of tribe, 345.

Railway Department (Natal), 57, 445.

Rattray, Capt. P.M.: Elands Kraal, 325; Mpumulwana and Wome, 380; Izinsimba, 388.

Rebellion: Nature of the, 505; Europeans' fear of general massacre, 508; statistics, Zulu War, 13.

Rebel Organization (1906), 89-91, 411.

Rebels: Surrender of outstanding, 399; number of, and casualties, 405; used as spies, 414; at Usutu, 426. _See also_ 452, 454 _and_ 89-91.

Regiments. _See_ Zulu Military System. _See also_ 235, 317.

Remounts, 58, 417.

Renaud, E.: Engaged to assist in Dinuzulu's defence, 447; at Nongoma, 447; at Dinuzulu's preliminary examination, 460; at Dinuzulu's trial, 471; defends Mankulumana and Mgwaqo, 475.

Rents on farms. _See_ Natives.

Reserves. _See_ Militia Reserves.

Rexer guns: Presented to Natal by Natalians, London, 65; at Peyana, 356; at Macrae's store, 364; report on, 419.

Richards, Lieut. G.R., 323, 327.

Rifle Associations, 7, 61.

Rinderpest, 92.

Ripon, Lord, 481.

Ritchie, Lt.-Col. J., 350.

Roads, need of, 419.

Robbins, W.C., 349.

Roberts, Sergt., 266.

Robinson, Capt. A., 293.

Robinson, G.E., 471.

Rodwell, Maj. C.N.H., 285.

Rose, Inspr. J.E., 168.

Rowland, Maj. M.C., 225.

Royston, Lt. Col. J.R.: In command, Royston's Horse, 62; his services, 212; Cetshwayo's grave, 241; Tate gorge, 252; Manzipambana, 291; Mome, 305; Macala, Qudeni and Rorke's Drift, 396; demonstrations, Krantzkop, Mfongozi and Qudeni, 399; gatherings of Natives addressed by, 399.

Royston's Column: Demonstrations in Mfongozi valley, Mangeni and Rorke's Drift, 396-398; seizure of Matshana's cattle, 397; further demonstrations, 399. _See also_ 333, 341.

Royston's Horse: Recruiting of, 61, 212; part of Z.F.F., 227; Cetshwayo's grave, 241, 247, 248; Macala, 246; Ensingabantu, 250; Tate gorge, 252; Mome, 282-305; Manzipambana, 285; Nkandhla 294, 333; Meseni's ward 376; Mpumulwana and Wome, 380; Mfongozi valley, Mangeni, and Rorke's Drift, 396; demonstrations, Krantzkop, Nkandhla and Qudeni, 399; Noodsberg, 399; disbandment, 400. _See also_ 225, 336, 341, 361.

Royston, Col. W., 39.

Rumours, 106, 113, 338.

Samuelson, R.C.A.: At Dinuzulu's preliminary examination, 460; at Dinuzulu's trial, 471.

Samuelson, S.O.: Appointed Under Secretary for Native Affairs, 28; at Mid-Illovo, 140.

Saner, Lieut. R.V., 369.

Sangreid, 349.

Saunders, Sir Charles: Attempt to raise levy to operate at Mapumulo, 148; proposed retirement of Sigananda, 184; arming of Natives to capture Bambata, 187; Sigananda and capture of Bambata, 189, 191, 193; visits Usutu, 189, 213, 434; troops at Nkandhla, 190, 191, 211; his faith in Dinuzulu's loyalty, 117, 191, 194, 213, 487; against acceptance of Dinuzulu's offer of levy, 215; appointed Political Agent, Zululand, 227; Dinuzulu's proposed visit to Governor, 426; Sitshitshili's murder, 430; Dinuzulu Expedition, 444. _See also_ 433, 480.

Scares: During Rebellion, 162, 327, 422.

Schreiner, Hon. W.P.: Senior Counsel for Defence in Rex _v._ Dinuzulu, 463, 471, 474.

Schuller, Capt. O., 249, 454.

Searchlights, 60, 418.

Secretary for Native Affairs. _See_ Shepstone, Sir Theophilus.

Secretary of State for Colonies. _See_ Elgin, Lord, and Ripon, Lord.

Service Corps, 59, 227.

Shepstone, A.J., 534.

Shepstone, Henrique C., 468.

Shepstone, Sir Theophilus: Natal Native Corps, 7; Diplomatic Agent, 23; hut tax, 24, 118, 120; Secretary for Native Affairs, 25; Natives' approval of his regime, 507, 514.

"Shepstonian policy," 25.

Shuter, F.P., 345.

Sibindi: Arrests Bambata's messengers, 178; Mpanza, 180; Mpukunyoni, 270; prevents Bambata crossing into his ward, 322. _See also_ 260, 264, 268, 330.

Sigananda: Rebellious attitude of tribe _in re_ poll tax, 184; Ndabaningi, 184; arrival of Bambata, 188; Dinuzulu's promised assistance, 188; held responsible for capture of Bambata, 189, 193; conference with men of his tribe regarding Bambata, 196; orders tribe to join Bambata, 197; doctoring of tribe, 199; addresses rebel _impi_, 200; influence of Dinuzulu on, 202; messages urging loyal Chiefs to rebel, 203; Dinuzulu's conflicting messages, 203; history of tribe, 207; related to Dinuzulu, 208; iron-smelting, 208; incidents in life prior to Rebellion, 209; his great age, 211; size of tribe, 211; his whereabouts discovered, 296; surrender, 336; assists in obtaining surrenders, 338; trial, 403, 496; death, 400. _See also_ 218, 246, 314.

Signalling Corps, 227, 274.

Sikobobo, 112.

Sikota's kraal. _See_ Ponjwana.

Sikukuku, 398, 403.

Silwana, 106, 178, 260, 322, 327, 456.

Simkins, Capt. E., 260, 392, 399.

Siteku (Dinuzulu's uncle), 203, 347.

Sitimela, 199, 201.

Sitshitshili: saves Dinuzulu's life, 15; plucky behaviour, 184, 238; murder, 430, 491.

Siyekiwe. _See_ Bambata's wife.

Sjöblom, Sgt. J.E., 353.

Smith, Henry: Murder of, 120.

Smith, Sir William, 468, 474.

Smith, Capt. W.H., 350.

Smyth, Dr. R. Milner, 384.

Smythe, Hon. C.J. (Prime Minister), 44, 152, 408, 424.

Smythe Ministry, 44, 98, 408, 426.

Solomon, Sir Richard, 222.

South African Native Congress, 527.

Sparks, Lt.-Col. H.: In command N.M.R., Mapumulo, 344. _See also_ 329.

Special Court: creation of, 468; at Greytown, 471; at Pietermaritzburg, 475.

Special Service Squadrons: Montgomery, 398, 399; Simkins, 399; Blaker, 400.

Stainbank, H.M., 219, 422.

Steele, Tpr. H., 273, 275.

Stephens, Sergt. F.W., 125.

Stephenson, Maj.-Gen. T.E.: Deputed by Imperial Government to witness operations, 251; Mome valley, 283; Manzipambana, 285; leaves for Transvaal, 338; opinion, 526.

Steyn, Tpr. H.W., 283.

Stopford, Lieut. R., C.M.R., 223.

Strategy and tactics: Rebels, 410-414.

Strength of Act. Militia, Dinuzulu Expedition. _See_ App. VI.

Strength of Forces in the Field (1906). _See_ App. III.

Strength of Reserves, Dinuzulu Expedition. _See_ App. VII.

Stretcher-bearers, Indian. _See_ Indian stretcher-bearers.

Stronghold. _See_ Mome.

Stuart, Capt. J.: Sent to Nkandhla with identification party, 258; receives Dinuzulu's surrender, 447. _See also_ 266.

Superstitious Beliefs: Zulu Kings and control of the elements, 104; cattle-killing order, Kaffraria (1857), 107; power of drugs to ward off bullets, 177, 200, 236; doctoring of _impis_, _see_ Habits and Customs.

Supplies. _See_ Military Organization.

Supplies (Rebels), 91, 203, 228, 247.

Supreme Court, 403.

Surrenders, 244, 284, 342, 394.

Sutton Ministry, 98.

Swaimana, 346, 382.

Tate Gorge: Operations at, 251; description of, 251;

## action at, 253.

Tatham, C., 165.

Taxation. _See_ Hut tax, Poll tax, _and_ Poll Tax Act.

Telegraph Corps, 60, 257.

"Terpsichore," H.M.S., 64.

Thring's Post, 350, 360, 361, 365, 373, 374.

Tick Fever (East Coast Fever), 93.

Tilonko, 104, 139, 398, 403.

Titlestad, Sergt. E., 250, 296, 335, 338, 414.

Townsend, Maj. A.C., 136, 324.

Transport: Requisitioning, 55; pack and mule, 57, 417; at Kombe, 336; reports on, 417. _See also_ App. V.

Transvaal: Boer settlers from Natal, 7; assistance given by Government of to Natal, 64, 65, 222, 249; settlement of Dinuzulu in, 476.

Transvaal Mounted Rifles: Formation, 223; composition and mobilization, 224; part of Z.F.F., 227; leave for Ntingwe, 237; Macala, 246; Cetshwayo's grave, 247; Ensingabantu, 250; Mome, 283, 301-305; Nkandhla forests, 285, 294, 295; Insuze, 367; Ponjwana, 371; Esidumbini, 374, 382; reception at Durban, 401. _See also_ 225.

Trewirgie (near Byrnetown): Attack on Police, 123, 133; troops converge on, 137; nature of outbreak, 505.

Tribal System: Description of, 29-34; principle of "collective responsibility," 33, 193; reasons for maintaining, 530.

Tshaka: reign of, 2; friendliness towards British colonists, 4; assassination, 4; founder of Zulu Military System, 67, 68.

Tshanibezwe, 207, 493.

Tshingana (Dinuzulu's uncle): Deported to St. Helena, 16; repatriation, 16; removed from Zululand to Natal, 404. _See also_ 111.

Tshokobezi badge: Description of, 198; worn by Bambata's men, 198; at Bobe, 232; tribes of Kula and Nondubela, 320; Oglesby's store, 348; Peyana, 358. _See also_ 75.

Umsinga, 319.

Umsinga Reserves, 322, 325.

Umvoti valley. _See_ Meseni.

Umvoti Field Force: Operations by, 257-265; strength and disposition, 260; in Zululand, 263; at Ngubevu, 264; Mpukunyoni, 269; Mfongozi valley and Kotongweni, 330; Kombe, 335; Peyana, 354; Thring's Post, 373. _See also_ 268, 275, 327, 331, 335, 339.

Umvoti Mounted Rifles: Mapumulo, 147; Greytown, 169; Mpanza, 179; Macala, 242; Keate's Drift, 259, 260; Nkandhla district, 260; at Ngubevu, 264; Mpukunyoni, 268; Meseni's ward, 376; Izinsimba, 387; Ndhlovu's ward, 391; Dinuzulu Expedition, 445; demobilization, 455. _See also_ 166, 225, 262, 455.

Umvoti Reserves: Greytown, 170; join U.F.F., 260, 261; at Ngubevu, 264; Mpukunyoni, 270; demobilized, 394. _See also_ 262, 264.

Under Secretary for Native Affairs. _See_ Samuelson, S.O.

Union Government, 422, 475.

Usury: Act to control, 97; Bambata and, 159; Native Affairs Commission, 422.

Usutu: Dinuzulu's principal kraal, 110; firearms at, 91, 113, 435, 450, 452; fort and regiments, 113; arrival of Bambata at, 166; his wife and children concealed, 167; rebels harboured, 426; visit of Police, 437; description of, 450; searched by troops, 451; dismantling of, 474.

"Usutu" (Dinuzulu's war-cry), 171.

Usutu Party: Creation of, 209; Sigananda, 209.

Usutu tribe, 474.

Utrecht Reserves, 454.

Uys, Chief Leader, D.C., 322, 324.

Vanderplank, Maj. W.A.: In command, Z.M.R., 185; at Ntingwe, 217, 237; Manyane valley, 236; Tate gorge, 252; Sigananda's Court-martial, 403. _See also_ 185.

Van Rooyen, Chief Leader, F.E., 185.

Van Rooyen, Sub-Leader T.J., 273.

Veal, Oliver E., 377.

Veterinary Corps, 58, 227, 419.

Volunteers (Natal), 7, 19, 38, 39, 45.

Vryheid column, 454.

Vryheid Reserves, 454.

Wadman, Sergt. A.J., 353.

Wales, Lt.-Col. A.T.G.: In command, Militia Reserves, 53; Kula, 323; succeeds Lt.-Col. Weighton, Helpmakaar, 329.

Walters, Sub.-Overseer, 240.

Walton, Lieut. H., 403.

War-cry: Usutu, 171.

War doctors. _See_ Habits and Customs.

Warfare, Methods of, 280, 508. _See also_ Zulu Military System, and Strategy and Tactics, Rebels', 358.

War-huts, 196, 202, 377.

Watt, Sir Thomas: Introduces motion--universal compulsory service, and Militia Bill, 41; Minister of Justice and Defence, 44, 408; at Mapumulo, 394.

Watton's store, looting of, 260.

Weenen Reserves, 322.

Weighton, Lt.-Col. J.: In command garrison, Richmond, 141; president court-martial, Richmond, 150; commands N.C., 192; at Helpmakaar, 276, 327; court-martial duties, 329, 403; Usutu, 450.

White, Sub.-Inspr. F.B.E., 333.

Wilkinson, Sergt., 431.

Wilson, Maj. C., 147, 324, 456.

Wilson, Justice Dove, 474.

Winter, H.D., 44, 120, 139.

Wolseley, Sir Garnet (Viscount), 13, 89.

Woolls-Sampson, Col. Sir Aubrey, 227, 285, 338, 395, 409.

Woolls-Sampson's Column: composition and strength, 339; Isiwasamanqe, 342; Thring's Post, 360, 374; Meseni's ward, 376; Mpumulwana and Wome, 379; Umvoti valley, 382; Kearsney Sugar Estates, 384: Izinsimba, 387; Ndhlovu's ward, 391; Riet valley, 395.

Wylie, Lt.-Col. J.S., 335, 403.

Xosa family (of tribes), 208.

Zibebu, 13, 113, 486.

Zulu (founder of Zulu tribe), 345.

Zululand: Conquest by Boers, 10; disturbances (1883-8), 10; annexation, 15, 478; Land Delimitation Commission, 16; appointment of Commissioner for Native Affairs, 29.

Zululand Field Force: Composition, strength and disposition, 227; Nomangci, 238; Mome valley, 282; Nkandhla district, 237-256, 280-295, 333-343; leave Dundee for Nkandhla, 343. _See also_ McKenzie, Col. Sir D.

Zululand Mounted Rifles: Mobilize, 185; at Empandhleni, 189, 191, 194; pursue Bambata, 216; at Ntingwe, 227; Macala, 246; Cetshwayo's grave, 246; Ensingabantu, 250, 339; Tate gorge, 252; Mome valley, 282; Nkandhla forests, 285, 294; Manzipambana, 285; Mome, 305; Macrae's store, 362; Meseni's ward, 376; Mpumulwana and Wome, 380; Krantzkop, 395; clearing up work by, 400; Dinuzulu Expedition, 444. _See also_ 333, 335.

Zululand Native Police. _See_ Nongqai, _also_ App. XI.

Zulu Military System: Creation of by Tshaka, 2; strength of army, 3, 68; how long in vogue, 7; restrictions under Boer government, 19; assegais, 63, 68, 74, 208; _Zulu Military System and Connected Customs_, 67-91; its connection with the Rebellion, 67; under Tshaka, 67; military prestige of Zulus, 67; liability for service, 68; barracks, 69; formation of regiments and companies, 69, 71; motive for maintaining standing army, 70; marriage of warriors, 70; assumption of headring by regiments, 70; division of warriors, "white" and "black" classes, 70; mobilization, 71, 77, 78; officers, 71; strength of regiments and companies, 71; under Mpande and Cetshwayo, 72; cadetship, 72; punishments, 73; alien-obliged to serve, 73; defences, 73; uniforms and shields, 73, 74; government, civil and military, 74; espionage, 75; ornaments and decorations, 75; rewards for valour, 75; transport, 75; occupations and amusements in peace-time, 76; eating of _umbengo_ ceremony, 78; warriors challenging one another (individually), 82; _ukucelwa_ (being sprinkled) ceremony, 83; war-doctors, 84, 347; tactics, 85; powers of endurance, 86; war-huts, _see_ War-huts.

Zulus: Army, _see_ Zulu Military System; refugees, 8; character, 34, 100, 115, 116, 119, 121, 125, 143, 509.

Zulu songs (sung at Usutu), 116. _See also_ App IX.

Zulu War, statistics of, 13. _See also_ 10, 12.

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