Part 12

On 27 July, 1710, General Stanhope and Marshal Staremberg, who commanded the Allies in Spain, brought Philip to action near Almenara, and routed his whole army in less than half an hour. In consequence of his defeat Philip was compelled to retreat to Saragoza.

470. Victory of Saragoza, 1710. _Obv._ Same. _Rev._ Victory laying French flags at feet of Anne, enthroned r.; near her, Britannia. HISPANIS PROFLIGATIS; in ex., AD CÆSARIAM AVGVSTAM AVG. IX. MDCCX. Silver. Size 1·85. By J. Croker.

The battle of Almenara was followed by another under the walls of Saragoza, in which the army of Philip was again defeated, 20 Aug. 1710. On the same day as the battle, Colonel Harrison was despatched to England with the news of the victory, taking with him the captured standards.

471. Victories over Louis XIV., 1710. _Obv._ Anne as Delilah r., cutting off hair of Louis XIV., seated asleep within tent; in the distance, town bombarded, &c. PHILISTER ÜBER DIR SIMSON; in ex., POST VARIAS VRBES ET DVAVAM GALLIS EREPTVM (sic). D. 27. IVN. 1710. _Rev._ Louis XIV. as a decrepit and gouty old man, dancing to Anne playing harp. _Il sait s'accommoder aux Dames_; in ex., LUDOVIC. MAGN. ANNA ILLO MAIOR. Silver. Size 1·7.

This medal was executed in Holland, and is a satire on the fortunes of Louis XIV., whose armies had suffered such severe defeats in the Low Countries and in Spain.

472. Dr. Henry Sacheverell, 1710. _Obv._ Bust three-quarters r., in canonicals. H. SACH. D.D. _Rev._ Bishop's mitre. IS FIRM TO THEE. Silver. Size 1·35. Cast.

Dr. Henry Sacheverell, English divine, was impeached in 1710 for two sermons preached at Derby, in which he advocated the doctrines of non-resistance and passive obedience, and attacked the Dissenters and the toleration of the "Genevan discipline," and at the same time the Ministry. He was suspended for three years.

473. Another. _Obv._ Same. _Rev._ Bust of Pope Innocent XI. r., wearing mitre and robes. IS FIRM TO THEE. Silver. Size 1·35. Cast.

The reverse type refers to a resolution appended to the sentence of Sacheverell, that the famous decree issued by the University of Oxford 1683, on the occasion of the Rye House Plot, maintaining the doctrine of passive obedience to the authority of Princes, should be burnt by the hangman. Innocent XI. was at that time Pope (1676—1689).

474. Peace of Utrecht: Preliminaries discussed, 1712. _Obv._ France, Spain, England, Austria, and Belgia seated at table, discussing treaty. AUDIT UIDET TACET RIDET. _Rev._ View of Utrecht; above, radiate name of Jehovah in Hebrew (incorrectly spelt); beneath, arms of city. BELLI FUGAT NUBES SOLEMQ. REDUCIT PACIS. (cf. Virg. Aen. i. 147); in ex., CONGRESSUS PACIFER. INCHOAT. 29. IANUAR. MDCCXII. Silver. Size 2·85. Cast and chased. Dutch.

The Peace of Utrecht, which put an end to the war of the Spanish Succession, was not signed till April and July 1713; but conferences for negotiations of peace were opened at Utrecht as early as January 1712.

475. Peace of Utrecht, 1713. _Obv._ Bust of Queen l., laur. and draped. ANNA D. G. MAG. BRI. FR. &c.; on arm, I. C. _Rev._ Anne as Britannia, head bare, standing towards l., holding olive-branch, spear, and shield; in the distance, labourers at work in fields and merchant-ships on sea. COMPOSITIS VENERANTVR ARMIS. (Hor. iv. Od. 15, 52.) MDCCXIII. Gold. Size 1·35. By J. Croker.

The series of treaties which together formed the Peace of Utrecht was a treaty between England and France, another between England and Spain, and a third between France and the States-General. The articles of this treaty chiefly affecting England were the recognition of the Protestant succession of the House of Hanover and the cession of Gibraltar and Minorca.

476. Another. _Obv._ Similar. _Rev._ Similar: figure of Anne as Britannia, helmeted, holds olive-branch and spear. BELLO ET PACE; in ex., ANNO MDCCXIII. PAX RESTITVTA. Silver. Size 1·9. By J. Croker.

477—478. Another. _Obv._ Peace r., crowned, locking door of Temple of Janus, inscribed ANNO MDCCXIII; near, two chained figures, one armed; on l., globe, &c. and Mercury holding scroll inscribed, EUROPÆ PAX REDDITA; in ex., TRAIECTUM. _Rev._ Europe seated l. on rock, holding olive-branch and cornucopiae; in the distance, fleet. EUROPA. Gold and silver. Size 1·85. Dutch.

GEORGE I. 1714—1727.

479. Proclamation medal, 1714. _Obv._ Bust of King r., in armour and cloak. GEORGIVS D. G. MAG. BRIT. FR. ET HIB. REX. E. HANNIBAL. _Rev._ King in electoral cap r., accompanied by Religion and Liberty, who crowns him with wreath, and receiving crown and sceptre from Britannia trampling on monster; on r., shield of kingdom held by Lion. PRINC. OPT. RELIGIONIS ET LIBERTATIS CVSTODI; in ex., PVBLICA AVCTORITATE PROCLAMATO 1/12 AVG. ANNO MDCCXIIII. Gold. Size 2·6. By E. Hannibal.[29]

[29] Ehrenreich Hannibal, born at Stockholm 1678, was a pupil of Arwed Karlsteen. In 1705 he was appointed medallist to the Court at Brunswick, and was in the service of the Elector of Hanover at the time of his accession to the English throne. Although he executed several medals for George I. and George II., he was never employed at the English Mint, nor is there any evidence of his having resided in England. He afterwards worked for the Archbishops of Cologne, the kings of Prussia, and the Landgraves of Hesse; his work being much esteemed. He died 1741.

George, Elector of Hanover, was proclaimed King of England 12 Aug. 1714, but he did not arrive in England till 18 Sept. The monster, on which Britannia tramples, is emblematic of the Pretender and his party.

480. Coronation, 1714. _Obv._ Bust of King r., laur., in armour and cloak. GEORGIVS D. G. MAG. BRIT. FR. &c. E. HANNIBAL. _Rev._ King enthroned r. beneath canopy, crowned by Britannia holding shield. INAVGVRAT. 31/20 OCT. MDCCXIIII. Gold. Size 2. By E. Hannibal.

George I. was crowned at Westminster, 20 Oct. 1714 (O. S.).

481. Jacobite Rebellion in Scotland. Battle of Preston, 1715. _Obv._ Bust of King r., laur., in armour and cloak. GEORGIVS D. G. MAG. BR. FR. &c. I. C. _Rev._ Trophy of arms on pedestal; at base of which are seated two naked captives. FIDES MILITVM; in ex., REBELL. AD PRESTON CAPT. 13. NOV. 1715. I. C. Silver. Size 1·8. By J. Croker.

The Earl of Mar having raised the standard of the Pretender in Scotland, a large army under MacIntosh and Forster crossed the Cheviots and advanced as far as Preston, Lancashire, where, being attacked by a force under General Carpenter, 13 Nov. 1715, it surrendered after a very feeble resistance.

482. Battle of Sheriff-Muir, 1715. _Obv._ Same. _Rev._ Victory r., with sword and palm, driving before her the cavalry of the rebels. PERJURII ULTRIX; in ex., AD DVNBLAINVM. 13 NOV. 1715. I. C. Silver. Size 1·75. By J. Croker.

On the same day that the rebel army surrendered at Preston, the Earl of Mar was defeated by the Duke of Argyll at Sheriff-Muir (Dunblane), near Stirling.

483. War of the Quadruple Alliance: Defeat of Spanish Fleet off Cape Passaro, 1718. _Obv._ Similar. _Rev._ Rostral column, surmounted by figure of King holding trident; at base, arms and trophies of war. SOCIORVM PROTECTOR; in ex., CLASSE HISP. DELETA AD ORAS SICILIÆ. 1718. Gold. Size 1·75. By J. Croker.

After the forming of the Quadruple Alliance between England, France, Holland, and Austria, to oppose Spain, who had broken the Treaty of Utrecht by seizing Sardinia, the British fleet under Admiral Byng attacked and defeated the Spanish fleet off Cape Passaro, 11 Aug. 1718, destroying a large number of the enemy's ships.

484. Quadruple Alliance: Indecision of the United Provinces, 1720. _Obv._ France, Austria, and England in chariot on three wheels, drawn by two horses; the fourth wheel is held by Holland, seated l. on lioness, and grasping staff surmounted by cap of Liberty; England invites her to enter the chariot. SISTIT ADHVC QVARTA DEFICIENTE ROTA. _Rev._ FOEDVS QVADRVPLEX IMPERFECTVM REPVBLICA BATAVA FORTITER PRVDENTERQ. CVNCTANTE. MDCCXX. Silver. Size 2·2. Dutch.

This medal refers to the reluctance on the part of Holland to support the other Powers in their effort to carry out the policy of their alliance.

485. Gibraltar attacked, 1727. _Obv._ Gibraltar besieged by Spanish fleet. VINCERE AVT MORI; in ex., GIBRALTAR OBSESSA. D. XXII. FEBR. MDCCXXVII. _Rev._ SED DATVR TERTIVM MINVS PERICVLOSVM ABIRE. Silver. Size 1·7.

The alliance concluded between England, France, and Prussia at Hanover, 1725, to obviate the effects of the secret Treaty of Vienna formed by the Emperor and the King of Spain, led to hostilities between England and Spain, which were begun by an unsuccessful attack on Gibraltar, 22 Feb. 1727.

486. Dean Swift, 1716. Bust three-quarters r., in wig and canonicals. IONAT. SWIFT ST. P. ET D. S^{T}. P. IN H_ib_; below, NON PAREIL. On reverse, I. P. F. (engraved). Enamelled steel. Size 3. Cast. Plaque.

Dr. Jonathan Swift, Dean of St. Patrick's, the celebrated political and satirical writer, born 1667, died 1745. This plaque may have served as a cover of a box.

GEORGE II. 1727—1760.

487. Accession to Electorate, &c., 1727. _Obv._ Bust of King l., laur., wearing armour and cloak. GEORGIVS II. D. G. MAG. BRIT. FR. &c. E. HANNIBAL F. _Rev._ Horse of Brunswick galloping l. over rocks. NEC ASPERA TERRENT (motto); in ex., SVCCESSIO ELECTORALIS. MDCCXXVII. E. H. Silver. Size 2·5. By E. Hannibal.

George I. died at Osnaburg, 11 June, 1727, and his son, George II., was proclaimed King four days afterwards, 15 June.

488. Coronation, 1727. _Obv._ Bust of King l., laur., wearing armour and cloak. GEORGIVS II. D. G. MAG. BR. FR. ET HIB. REX. I. C. _Rev._ King enthroned r., crowned by Britannia, holding cornucopiae and resting on fasces. PER POPULOS VOLENTES; in ex., CORON. XI. OCTOB. MDCCXXVII. Gold. Size 1·35. By J. Croker.

George II. was crowned 11 Oct. 1727.

489. Coronation of Queen, 1727. _Obv._ Bust of Queen l., draped. CAROLINA D. G. MAG. BR. FR. &c. I. C. _Rev._ Queen facing between Religion holding book and Britannia with spear and shield. HIC AMOR HÆC PATRIA; in ex., CORON. XI. OCTOB. MDCCXXVII. Gold. Size 1·3. By J. Croker.

Caroline, wife of George II., dau. of John Frederic, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, born 1683, mar. 1705, died 1737.

490. The Royal Family of England, 1732. _Obv._ Busts, face to face, of King in armour and cloak, and Queen draped. GEORGIVS II. REX ET CAROLINA REGINA; below, MDCCXXXII; on arm of King, I. C. _Rev._ Seven busts in profile of the Royal children, the Prince of Wales in centre l., on his arm T. FELICITAS IMPERII; in ex., names of the two Princes and five Princesses. Gold. Size 2·7. By J. Croker and J. Sigmund Tanner.[30]

[30] Johann Sigmund Tanner, who executed the reverse of this medal, was a native of Saxe-Gotha. He came to England about 1730, and was shortly afterwards appointed one of the engravers to the Mint. Upon the death of Croker in 1741, Tanner was promoted to the office of Chief Engraver, which he filled till his death in 1773.

The Royal children were Frederic Prince of Wales, William Duke of Cumberland, and the Princesses, Anne, Amelia, Caroline, Mary, and Louisa.

491. Frederic Prince of Wales. _Obv._ Bust of Prince l., in armour. FREDERIC. WALLIÆ PRINCEPS. J. A. DASSIER. _Rev._ Coronet, plumes, and motto of Prince of Wales, supported by two infant angels in clouds. Copper. Size 2·1. By J. A. Dassier.[31]

[31] James Anthony Dassier, medallist, born at Geneva 1715, was educated under Germain, the goldsmith, at Paris. He worked first at Rome for Clement XII., and, coming to London, was appointed Assistant Engraver to the Mint and Chief Engraver in 1740. In 1731 he executed a continuous series of portrait medals of English Sovereigns from William I. to George II. He died in 1759 at Copenhagen, on his way from St. Petersburg to London.

Frederic, Prince of Wales, born 1707; mar. 1736 Augusta, dau. of Frederic II., Duke of Saxe-Gotha; died 1751.

492. War of Spanish Succession: Second Treaty of Vienna, 1731. _Obv._ Head of King l.,laur. GEORGIVS II. D. G. MAG. BRI. FRA. &c. I. C. _Rev._ Neptune in sea-chariot r., contending with the four winds. PRÆSTAT COMPONERE. (Virg. Aen. i. 139); in ex., FOEDVS VIENNENSE. MDCCXXXI. Gold. Size 1·8. By J. Croker.

The second Treaty of Vienna, between England, France, Spain, Holland, and the Emperor, signed 5 Mar. 1731, terminated the disputes which arose out of the Spanish Succession.

493. War with Spain: Taking of Porto Bello, 1739. _Obv._ Admiral Vernon towards l., in naval uniform; in background, ship, and Fort Chagree; above which, A VIEW OF FORT CHAGRE. THE BRITISH GLORY REVIV.D (sic) BY ADMIRAL VERNON. _Rev._ English fleet in Porto Bello harbour. HE TOOK PORTO BELLO WITH SIX SHIPS ONLY; in ex., NOV. 22. 1739. Brass. Size 1·45.

Immediately after the declaration of war against Spain, 19 Oct. 1739, Commodore Anson was sent to blockade the coast of Peru, and Admiral Vernon to attack Porto Bello, which he captured 22 Nov. 1739 with the small force of six men-of-war.

494. Attempt on Carthagena, 1741. _Obv._ Admiral Vernon towards l., in naval uniform; in the distance, Carthagena. ADM^L VERNON VIEWING THE TOWN OF CARTHAGENA. _Rev._ View of harbour of Carthagena; outside, English ships; within, boat, over which DON BLASS.—HE DESTROYD THE FORTS OF CARTHAGENA; in ex., APRIL 1741. Pewter. Size 1·4.

Admiral Vernon attacked Carthagena 4 Mar. 1741, but only succeeded in destroying a portion of its defences. Of this and the previous medal there are a large number of varieties.

495—496. War of the Austrian Succession: Victory of Dettingen, 1743. _Obv._ Bust of King l., in armour and cloak. GEORGIVS II. D. G. MAGN. BRIT. FR. &c. D. HAESLING F. _Rev._ The King on horseback l., commanding at battle of Dettingen: distant view of engagement. LIBERTAS FAVORE DEI ET VIRTVTE MILITIS RESTITVTA; in ex., AD DETTINGAM. D. XXVII. IVN. MDCCXLIII. Gold and silver. Size 2·6. By D. Haesling.

At Dettingen, George II., with an army of 40,000 English and Hanoverians, defeated the French under the Duc de Noailles and the Duc de Grammont. In consequence of this defeat, the French were compelled to evacuate Germany. This medal was executed by Daniel Haesling, a native of East Gothland and pupil of Hedlinger. He worked chiefly for the kings of Poland and Denmark.

497. Battle of Fontenoy, 1745. _Obv._ Head of Louis XV. r., bound with diadem. LUD. XV. REX CHRISTIANISS. F. M. _Rev._ Louis XV. with the Dauphin in triumphal quadriga r., crowned by Victory. DECUS IMPERII GALLICI; in ex., HOSTES AB IPSOMET REGE FUSI AD FONTENOIUM. XI. MAII. MDCCXLV. Copper. Size 1·6. By F. Marteau.

The defeat of the Allies at Fontenoy was mainly due to the flight of the Dutch. The Allies were commanded by the Duke of Cumberland, and the French by Louis XV. and Marshal Saxe. F. Marteau was one of the engravers to Louis XV.

498. Jacobite Rebellion: Battle of Culloden, 1746. _Obv._ Bust of Duke of Cumberland r., wearing armour and lion's skin. GULIELMUS GEOR. II. R. FIL. DUX CUMBRIÆ; on arm, R. YEO F. _Rev._ Hercules raising Britannia l., and trampling on Rebellion holding serpents. PERDVELLIB. EX ANG. FVGAT. AD CULLOD. DEBELLAT. 16. APR. 1746. Gold. Size 2. By R. Yeo.

By the battle of Culloden, 16 Apr. 1746, in which the Scots, under Prince Charles Edward and Lord G. Murray, were defeated by the Duke of Cumberland, the cause of the Jacobites was hopelessly crushed. This medal is by Richard Yeo, who for many years during the reign of George II. was employed as one of the assistant engravers at the Royal Mint.

499. War of the Austrian Succession: Naval engagement off Cape Finisterre, 1747. _Obv._ Head of Admiral Anson l., crowned by Victory, standing on prow. GEORGE LORD ANSON. VICT. MAY III. MDCCXLVII. T. PINGO F. _Rev._ Victory with wreath and trophy towards l., standing on sea-monster above globe. CIRCVMNAVIGATION; around, each within laurel-wreath, names of SAVNDERS, BRETT, DENNIS, CAMPBELL, KEPPEL, SAVMAREZ. MDCCXL. MDCCXLIV. Gold. Size 1·65. By T. Pingo.[32]

[32] Thomas Pingo was an assistant engraver at the Royal Mint during the early part of the reign of George III. He also executed a large number of medals for Frederic II. of Prussia, as well as the coronation medal for Stanislaus Augustus, King of Poland.

This medal commemorates the defeat of the French fleet off Cape Finisterre, 3 May, 1747, by Admiral Lord Anson.

500. Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, 1748. _Obv._ Priestess l., sacrificing at altar; above, in clouds, female figure holding cornucopiae, olive-branch, and scales; on l., lion of Holland resting on Bible and holding staff with cap of Liberty. E SVPERIS ASTRÆA REDVX BONA SÆCVLA REDDENS; in ex., PAX AQVISGRANI SANCITA ANNO LIB. IVBILÆO. MDCCXLVIII. _Rev._ Eight shields crowned, attached to orange-branches and lilies—arms of England, France, Empire, Spain, Holland, Sardinia, Italy, and Prussia; in centre, burning heart, pierced with arrows. REDUNIVNTVR. Silver. Size 1·7.

By the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, the war of the Austrian Succession was brought to an end. The treaty was signed by all the belligerent parties, in October 1748, Sardinia excepted. This medal was executed in Holland.

501. Conquest of Canada: Louisburg taken, 1758. _Obv._ Globe, inscribed CANADA. AMERICA, resting on prostrate fury at edge of rock, who drops fleur-de-lis and points to boats in sea; on either side of globe, Grenadier and Canadian; above, Fame l., English flag and scroll inscribed, PARITER IN BELLA. T. PINGO F. _Rev._ Louisburg bombarded. LOVISBOVRG TAKEN. MDCCLVIII: edge engraved with names of Boscawen, Amherst, and Pitt. Silver. Size 1·7. By T. Pingo.

Louisburg was captured from the French, 27 July, 1758. Generals Amherst and Wolfe commanded the land forces, and Admiral Boscawen the fleet.

502. Taking of Quebec, 1759. _Obv._ Head of Britannia l., bound with fillet; above, BRITANNIA; below, laurel-wreath, uniting trident and standard. SAVNDERS. WOLFE. _Rev._ Victory l., crowning trophy; at base, captive seated bound, and prow of ship. QVEBEC TAKEN. MDCCLIX.; in ex., SOC. P. A. C. Silver. Size 1·5.

On 13 Sep. 1759, the heights of Abraham above Quebec were captured by Wolfe, who was killed in the action. The town of Quebec surrendered five days afterwards. Admiral Saunders commanded the fleet. This medal and the following (Nos. 503—5) were issued by the Society for the Promotion of Arts and Commerce.

503. Canada Subdued, 1760. _Obv._ Head of King l., laur. GEORGE II. KING. _Rev._ Weeping female figure seated r. beneath pine-tree; on the other side, beaver. CANADA SUBDUED; in ex., MDCCLX. S. P. A. C. Silver. Size 1·5.

After the capture of Quebec, it was arranged that the garrison should be conveyed to the nearest French port. In the following year the conquest of the whole of Canada was completed. The reverse type of this medal is suggested by the well-known "Judaea Capta" on Roman coins.

504. War of East India Company: Victory of Plassy, 1757. _Obv._ Victory, with trophy and palm, on elephant l. VICTORY AT PLASSY CLIVE COMMANDER; in ex., MDCCLVIII. SOC. P. A. C. _Rev._ Clive in dress of Roman warrior l., holding standard in l. hand and presenting sceptre of Nawab (Nabob) of Bengal to Meer Jaafar (Jaffier); between them, globe, cornucopiae, and rudder. INIVRIES ATTONED PRIVILEGE AVGMENTED TERRITORY ACQVIRED. A SOVBAH GIVEN TO BENGAL. MDCCLVIII. Silver. Size 1·5.

This medal records the defeat of Siraj-ed-dawleh (Surajah Dowlah) at Plassy by Clive, 23 June, 1757, and the appointment of Meer Jaafar to be his successor as Nawab (Nabob) of Bengal, &c.

505. War in Africa: Taking of Goree, 1758. _Obv._ Head of Britannia, l.; behind, trident. O FAIR BRITANNIA HAIL. _Rev._ Victory with wreath and palm on prow, r. GOREE TAKEN. MDCCLVIII. Silver. Size 1·55.

The island of Goree was captured from the French by Commodore Keppel, 28 Dec. 1758.

506. Seven Years' War: Battle of Minden, 1759. _Obv._ Mars with scourge and shield, surrounded by French arms and flags, dispersing enemy, who are seen flying in the distance. VIRTVTI CEDIT NVMERVS; in ex., PRŒLIVM MINDENSE. I. AVG. MDCCLIX. I. G. HOLTZHEY FEC. _Rev._ View of the valley of the Weser; in foreground, olive-tree entwined with vine; at base, keys in mural crowns and wheat-sheaves. POST TOT DISCRIMINA RERVM. (Virg. Aen. i. 408); in ex., FERD. PR. BRVNSV. EXERC. FOED. DVX. Silver. Size 1·9. By J. G. Holtzhey.[33]

[33] Johann Georg Holtzhey, a native of Amsterdam, where he resided during the greater part of his life, worked chiefly for Frederic the Great of Prussia and the other sovereigns of Germany. He was also employed occasionally by Louis XV. and Louis XVI. of France. Although residing at Amsterdam, he does not appear to have executed any medals for the House of Orange.

At the battle of Minden, 31 July, 1759, the French, under Marshal Contades and the Duke de Broglie, were defeated by the Hanoverians and English, commanded by Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick and Lord George Sackville. Nothing but the refusal of Lord Sackville to complete the victory by a charge of Ferdinand's horse saved the French from utter rout.

507. Another. _Obv._ Bust of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick r., in armour and cloak. FERD. OF BRVNSWICK; on arm, KIRK. _Rev._ View of battle; Prince Ferdinand in foreground commanding. PROTESTANTS REIOICING; in ex., THE FRENCH BEATEN AT MINDEN. MDCCLIX. Silver. Size 1·4. By John Kirk.

John Kirk's work dates from the second half of the 18th cent. He executed a large number of medalets.

508. Sir Robert Walpole, Earl of Orford, 1744. _Obv._ Bust l., wearing star and ribbon of Garter. ROBERTUS WALPOLE. A. DASSIER F. _Rev._ Within ornamented border, COMES DE ORFORD. MDCCXLIV. Copper. Size 2·15. By J. A. Dassier.

Sir Robert Walpole, Earl of Orford, statesman, b. 1676, Secretary for War 1708, Treasurer of the Navy 1709, Chancellor of the Exchequer and First Lord of the Treasury 1715—17, Paymaster of the Forces 1720, Prime Minister 1721—1742; d. 1745.

509. Lord Carteret, 1744. _Obv._ Bust r., in civilian's dress. IOHANNES CARTERET. A. DASSIER F. _Rev._ Within ornamented border, BARO DE CARTERET. MDCCXLIV. Copper. Size 2·1. By J. A. Dassier.

Lord John Carteret, aft. Earl Granville, statesman, b. 1690, Second Sec. of State 1721, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1724—26 and again 1729—30, First Secretary of State 1742—1744; d. 1763.

510. Earl of Chesterfield, 1743. _Obv._ Bust l., wearing star and ribbon. PHILIPPUS STANHOPE, I. A. DASSIER F. _Rev._ Within ornamented border, COMES DE CHESTERFIELD. MDCCXLIII. Copper. Size 2·1. By J. A. Dassier.

Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield, statesman and writer, b. 1694, Ambassador at the Hague 1728 and 1745, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1745, Second Sec. of State 1746: assisted in the Reformation of the Calendar 1752; d. 1773.

511. Earl of Chatham. _Obv._ Bust l., in tie-wig and civilian's dress. GVLIELMVS PITT; on arm, T. PINGO F. _Rev._ THE MAN WHO HAVING SAVED THE PARENT PLEADED WITH SUCCESS FOR HER CHILDREN. Silver. Size 1·55. By T. Pingo.

William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, statesman, b. 1708, Vice-Treasurer for Ireland 1746, Paymaster-General of the Army 1747—55, First Secretary of State 1756 and again 1757—1761, Lord Privy Seal and Prime Minister 1766—68; d. 1778.

This medal refers to Chatham's foreign policy and desire to stop England's contest with her colonies.

512. General Wolfe, 1759. _Obv._ Bust l., in armour and cloak. IACOBUS WOLFE ANGLUS. GOSSET M. KIRK F. _Rev._ Urn on pedestal, inscribed, PRO PATRIA; above, laurel-wreath; around, arms and flags. IN VICTORIA CÆSVS; in ex., QVEBECÆ. SEPT. XIII. MDCCLIX. Silver. Size 1·4. By C. Gosset and J. Kirk.

Major-General James Wolfe, b. 1726, served at Dettingen, Fontenoy, Falkirk, and Culloden; commanded in Canada, and was killed in the attack on Quebec, 13 Sept. 1759.

513. Lord Clive, 1766. _Obv._ Bust, three-quarters l., wearing embroidered coat and ribbon and star. ROBERT CLIVE BARON OF PLASSEY. I. U. N. F. _Rev._ Fame facing, pointing at obelisk, inscribed with achievements of Clive. HONOUR THE REWARD OF MERIT; in ex., ANNO 1766. C. G. Copper. Size 1·6. By C. Gosset.