CHAPTER XX

THE INNER LIFE OF RUSSIAN JEWRY DURING THE REIGN OF ALEXANDER II.

(pp. 206-242)

S. Ginzburg, "A forgotten Era," _Voskhod_, 1896, Books III and V.

Margulis, article on "N. I. Pirogov," in _Voprosy yevreyskoy zhizni_ ("Questions of Jewish Life"), St. Petersburg, 1889.

Criticus (pen-name of S. M. Dubnow), "I. S. Aksakov and the Jews," _Voskhod_, 1887, Book II.

Dostoyevski, Yevreyski vopros ("The Jewish Question"), in his collected writings, edited by Marx, vol. XI, pp. 85-102; also in his _Dnyevnik pisatyela_ ("The Diary of an Author," autobiographical sketches), during 1873-1877, in various places [R].

Orshanski, Yevreyi v Rossiyi ("The Jews in Russia").

Margulis, Voprosy yevreyskoy zhizni, pp. 149-195, on the Crown rabbis and teachers of the sixties.

Tarnopol, Opyt osmotrityelnoy reformy v oblasti iudaizma ("Attempt at Cautious Reforms in the Domain of Judaism"), Odessa, 1868, [R].

Gumplovich's article is found in _Jutzenka_ ("The Dawn"), 1891, No. 19 [P].

Leon Rosenthal, Toldot Hebrat Marbe Haskalah be-Israel ("History of the Society for the Diffusion of Enlightenment among the Jews"), two volumes, St. Petersburg, 1885-1890; comp. Criticus, _Voskhod_, 1891, Books X-XI.

Levanda, "The Establishment of the First Periodical of Russian Jewry," _Voskhod_, 1881, Book VI.

The letters of Ossip Rabinovich, published in _Yevr. St._, 1911, p. 71 _et seq._

Dubnow, "The Change of Tendencies in Jewish Journalism," in "Letters on Ancient and Modern Judaism," St. Petersburg, 1907, pp. 205-226 [R].

Frumkin, "From the History of the Revolutionary Movement among the Jews during the Seventies," _Yevr. St._, 1911, pp. 221 _et seq._, 513 _et seq._

Tzinberg, "The First Socialistic Periodicals in Hebrew Literature," _Perezhytoye_, I, pp. 233-263.

Sosis, "Social Currents during the Period of Reforms," _Yevr. St._, 1914.

Mandelkern, "Micah Joseph Lebensohn," _Ha-Asif_, III, 1886.

Brainin, "Micah Joseph Lebensohn," _Voskhod_, 1902, Book III.

----, "Abraham Mapu," Warsaw, 1900 [H].

Cantor, "Gordon and His 25 years of Activity," _Voskhod_, 1881, Books XI-XII.

S. D. (=S. Dubnow), "The Jewish Nyekrassov" (on J. L. Gordon), _Voskhod_, 1884, Book VII.

Iggerot Jelag ("Letters of J. L. Gordon"), two volumes, Warsaw, 1894.

Bienstock, "A Festival in Yiddish Literature" (a biography of Abramovich), _Voskhod_, 1884, Book XII.

Frischmann, "Mendele Mokher Sforim," in Introduction to the collected Hebrew works of Abramovich, vol. II, Odessa, 1911.

Brainin, "Perez Smolenskin," Warsaw, 1896 [H].

M. Kahan, Me-'Ereb 'ad `Ereb, vol. I, Vilna, 1904, pp. 186-244. The same volume also contains an analysis of Lilienblum's work and of the literary currents of the seventies in general.

Gottlieb, "P. M. Smolenskin" ("Gallery of Jewish Worthies"), Part II, St. Petersburg, 1899 [R].

Lilienblum, Hattot Ne`urim ("Sins of Youth"), Vienna, 1876; also in his collected works, Cracow, 1910-1912, vol. II.

Klausner, "Moshe Leib Lilienblum" (a biographical analysis, prefacing the first volume of Lilienblum's collected works).

Hessen, "O. Rabinivich and I. Orshanski" ("Gallery of Jewish Worthies"), Part I, St. Petersburg, 1898 [R].

"Ilya Grigorievich Orshanski, an Autobiographical Sketch," _Yevr. Bibl._, vol. VI, pp. 1-43, St. Petersburg, 1878.

Yampolski, "Recollections of I. G. Orshanski," _Yevr. St._, 1911, p. 55 _et seq._

Volynski, "The Portrayer of Russian Jewry" (on the stories of Levanda), _Voskhod_, 1888.

"From the Correspondence of L. O. Levanda," _Yevr. Bibl._, vols. IX-X, St. Petersburg, 1901-1903, containing also some letters from Bogrov; Comp. _Yevr. St._, 1913, pp. 279-281.

Wengeroff, Memoiren einer Grossmutter, vol. II, Berlin, 1910, containing valuable material for the understanding of the transition period of the fifties and sixties.