Part 8

=Fudge Family= (_The_), a family supposed by T. Moore to be visiting Paris after the peace. It consists of Phil Fudge, Esq., his son Robert, his daughter Biddy, and a poor relation named Phelim Connor (an ardent Bonapartist and Irish patriot), acting as bear-leader to Bob. These four write letters to their friends in England. The skit is meant to satirize the _parvenu_ English abroad.

_Phil Fudge, Esq._, father of Bob and Biddy Fudge; a hack writer devoted to legitimacy and the Bourbons. He is a secret agent of Lord Castlereagh [_Kar.´sl.ray_], to whom he addresses letters ii. and ix. and points out to his lordship that Robert Fudge will be very glad to receive a snug Government appointment, and hopes that his lordship will not fail to bear him in mind. Letter vi. he addresses to his brother, showing how the Fudge family is prospering, and ending thus:

Should we but still enjoy the sway Of Sidmouth and of Castlereagh, I hope ere long to see the day When England’s wisest statesmen, judges, Lawyers, peers, will all be—FUDGES.

_Miss Biddy Fudge_, a sentimental girl of 18, in love with “romances, high bonnets, and Mde. le Roy.” She writes letters i., v., x., and xi., describing to her friend Dolly or Dorothy the sights of Paris, and especially how she becomes acquainted with a gentleman whom she believes to be the king of Prussia in disguise, but afterwards she discovers that her disguised king calls himself “Colonel Calicot.” Going with her brother to buy some handkerchiefs, her visions of glory are sadly dashed when “the hero she fondly had fancied a king” turns out to be a common linen-draper. “There stood the vile treacherous thing, with the yard-measure in his hand.” “One tear of compassion for your poor heart-broken friend. P.S.—You will be delighted to know we are going to hear Brunel to-night, and have obtained the governor’s box; we shall all enjoy a hearty good laugh, I am sure.”

_Bob_ or _Robert Fudge_, son of Phil Fudge, Esq., a young exquisite of the first water, writes letters iii. and viii. to his friend Richard. These letters describe how French dandies dress, eat, and kill time.—T. Moore (1818).

⁂ A sequel, called _The Fudge Family in England_, was published.

=Fulgentio=, a kinsman of Roberto (king of the two Sicilies). He was the most rising and most insolent man in the court. Cami´ola calls him “a suit-broker,” and says he had the worse report among all good men for bribery and extortion. This canker obtained the king’s leave for his marriage with Camiŏla, and he pleaded his suit as a right, not a favor; but the lady rejected him with scorn, and Adoni killed the arrogant “sprig of nobility” in a duel.—Massinger, _The Maid of Honor_ (1637).

=Fulkerson=, Western man who removes to New York, and sets up a magazine founded upon “the greatest idea that has been struck since—the creation of man. I don’t want to claim too much, and I draw the line at the creation of man. But if you want to ring the morning stars into the prospectus, all right!”

He makes a success of it, as he has a habit of making of everything; marries a Southern girl, and goes to live over “the office.” “In New York you may do anything.” He violates all sorts of conventionalities, talks slang and loudly, yet is everybody’s friend and most people’s favorite.—W.D. Howells, _A Hazard of New Fortunes_ (1889).

=Fulmer=, a man with many shifts, none of which succeed. He says:

“I have beat through every quarter of the compass ... I have blustered for prerogative; I have bellowed for freedom; I have offered to serve my country; I have engaged to betray it ... I have talked treason, writ treason ... And here I set up as a bookseller, but men leave off reading; and if I were to turn butcher, I believe ... they’d leave off eating.”

_Patty Fulmer_, an unprincipled, flashy woman, living with Fulmer, with the brevet rank of wife. She is a swindler, a scandal-monger, anything, in short, to turn a penny by; but her villainy brings her to grief.—Cumberland, _The West Indian_ (1771).

=Fum=, George IV. The Chinese _fum_ is a mixture of goose, stag, and snake, with the beak of a cock; a combination of folly, cowardice, malice, and conceit.

And where is Fum the Fourth, our royal bird? Byron, _Don Juan_, xi. 78 (1824).

=Fum-Hoam=, the mandarin who restored Malek-al-Salem, king of Georgia, to his throne, and related to the king’s daughter Gulchenraz [Gundogdi] his numerous metamorphoses; he was first Piurash, who murdered Siamek the usurper; then a flea; then a little dog; then an Indian maiden named Massouma; then a bee; then a cricket; then a mouse; then Abzenderoud the imaum´; then the daughter of a rich Indian merchant, the Jezdad of Iolcos, the greatest beauty of Greece; then a foundling found by a dyer in a box; then Dugmê, queen of Persia; then a young woman named Hengu; then an ape; then a midwife’s daughter of Tartary; then the only son of the sultan of Agra; then an Arabian physician; then a wild man named Kolao; then a slave; then the son of a cadi of Erzerûm; then a dervise; then an Indian prince; and lastly Fum-Hoam.—T.S. Gueulette, _Chinese Tales_ (1723).

_Fum-Hoam_, first president of the ceremonial academy of Pekin.—Goldsmith, _Citizen of the World_ (1764).

=Funk= (_Peter_), auctioneer whose business is to cheat the unwary. Having been branded by a placard placed before his door, “_Beware of Mock Auctions!_” he concerts a scheme for labeling other places of business and general resort, including newspaper offices and churches.—Charles Frederick Briggs, _The Knickerbocker Magazine_ (1846).

=Fungo´so=, a character in Ben Jonson’s drama, _Every Man in His Humour_ (1598).

Unlucky as Fungoso in the play. Pope, _Essay on Criticism_, 328 (1711).

=Furor= (_intemperate anger_), a mad man of great strength, the son of Occasion. Sir Guyon, the “Knight of Temperance,” overcomes both Furor and his mother, and rescues Phaon from their clutches.—Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, ii. 4 (1590).

=Fusber´ta=, the sword of Rinaldo.—Ariosto, _Orlando Furioso_ (1516).

=Fus´bos=, minister of state to Artaxam´is, king of Uto´pia. When the king cuts down the boots which Bombastês has hung defiantly on a tree, the general engages the king in single combat, and slays him. Fusbos then coming up, kills Bombastês, “who conquered all but Fusbos, Fusbos him.” At the close of the farce, the slain ones rise one after the other and join the dance, promising “to die again tomorrow,” if the audience desires it.—W.B. Rhodes, _Bombastês Furioso_.

_Fusbos_, a _nom de plume_ of Henry Plunkett, one of the first contributors to _Punch_.

=Fy´rapel= (_Sir_), the leopard, the nearest kinsman of King Lion, in the beast epic of _Reynard the Fox_ (1498).

=Gabble Rechet=, a cry like that of hounds, heard at night, foreboding trouble. Said to be the souls of unbaptized children wandering through the air till the day of judgment.—Charles Reade, _Put Yourself in His Place_.

=Gabor=, a Hungarian who aided Ulric in saving Count Stral´enheim from the Oder, and was unjustly suspected of being his murderer.—Bryon, _Werner_ (1822).

=Ga´briel= (2 or 3 _syl._), according to Milton is called “chief of the angelic guards” _(Paradise Lost_, iv. 549); but in bk. vi. 44, etc., Michael is said to be “of celestial armies prince,” and Gabriel “in military prowess next.”

Go, Michael of celestial armies prince; And thou in military prowess next, Gabriel; lead forth to battle these my sons Invincible. Milton, _Paradise Lost_, vi. 44, etc, (1665).

⁂ Gabriel is so called “The Messenger of the Messiah,” because he was sent by the Messiah to execute his orders on the earth. He is referred to in _Daniel_ viii. 16, ix. 21; and in _Luke_ i. 19, 26.

_Gabriel_ (according to the _Korân_ and Sale’s notes):

1. It is from this angel that Mahomet professes to have received the _Korân_; and he acts the part of the Holy Ghost in causing believers to receive the divine revelation.—Ch. ii.

2. It was the angel Gabriel that won the battle of Bedr. Mahomet’s forces were 319, and the enemy’s a _thousand_; but Gabriel (1) told Mahomet to throw a handful of dust in the air, and so doing the eyes of the enemy were “confounded;” (2) he caused the army of Mahomet to appear twice as many as the army opposed to it; (3) he brought from heaven 3000 angels, and, mounted on his horse Haïzûm, led them against the foe.—Ch. iii.

3. Gabriel appeared twice to Mahomet in his angelic form: first “in the highest part of the horizon,” and next “by the lote tree,” on the right hand of the throne of God.—Ch. liv.

5. Gabriel’s horse is called Haïzûm, and when the golden calf was made, a little of the dust from under this horse’s feet being thrown into its mouth, the calf began to low, and received life.—Ch. ii.

_Gabriel_ (according to other legends):

The Persians call Gabriel “the angel of revelations,” because he is so frequently employed by God to carry His messages to man.

The Jews call Gabriel their enemy and the messenger of wrath; but Michael they call their friend, and the messenger of all good tidings.

In mediæval romance, Gabriel is the second of the seven spirits which stand before the throne of God, and he is frequently employed to carry the prayers of man to heaven, or bring the messages of God to man.

Longfellow, in the _Golden Legend_, makes Gabriel “the angel of the moon,” and says that he “brings to man the gift of hope.”

=Gabriel Lajeunesse=, son of Basil the blacksmith of Grand Pré, in Acadia (now _Nova Scotia_). He was legally plighted to Evangeline, daughter of Benedict Bellefontaine (the richest farmer of the village); but next day all the inhabitants were exiled by order of George II., and their property confiscated. Gabriel was parted from his troth-plight wife, and Evangeline spent her whole life in trying to find him. After many wanderings, she went to Philadelphia, and became a sister of mercy. The plague visited this city, and in the almshouse the sister saw an old man stricken down by the pestilence. It was Gabriel. He tried to whisper her name, but died in the attempt. He was buried, and Evangeline lies beside him in the grave.—Longfellow, _Evangeline_ (1849).

=Gabrielle= (_Charmante_), or _La Belle Gabrielle_, daughter of Antoine d’Estrèes (grand-master of artillery and governor of the Ile de France). Henri IV. (1590) happened to stay for the night at the chateau de Cœuvres, and fell in love with Gabrielle, then 19 years old. To throw a veil over his intrigue, he gave her in marriage to Damerval de Liancourt, created her duchess of Beaufort, and took her to live with him at court.

The song beginning “Charmante Gabrielle ...” is ascribed to Henri VI.

=Gabrielle= (_von Dohna_). Brought up by her widowed father in singleness of heart and happiness until when she is over twenty he is again betrothed, and his _fiancée_ persuades him to send his daughter to visit a relative, the Countess von Kronfels. She is a selfish old woman who adores her dog, and slights her invalid son. Gabrielle is dutiful to the old countess, and an angel of mercy to her son, although for awhile she dislikes and fears him. Finally, she tells the crippled man:

“You are a greater hero in my eyes than if you were leading men to battle. You may send me away if you will, but you will break my heart.”

He loves her too well to let her go.—Blanche Willis Howard, _The Open Door_ (1889).

=Gabri´na=, wife of Arge´o, baron of Servia, tried to seduce Philandre, a Dutch knight; but Philandre fled from the house, where he was a guest. She then accused him to her husband of a wanton insult, and Argeo, having apprehended him, confined him in a dungeon. One day, Gabrina visited him there, and implored him to save her from a knight who sought to dishonor her. Philandre willingly espoused her cause, and slew the knight, who proved to be her husband. Gabrina then told her champion that if he refused to marry her, she would accuse him of murder to the magistrates. On this threat he married her, but ere long was killed by poison. Gabrina now wandered about the country as an old hag, and being fastened on Odori´co, was hung by him to the branch of an elm.—Ariosto, _Orlando Furioso_ (1516).

=Gabriolet´ta,= governess of Brittany, rescued by Am´adis de Gaul from the hands of Balan (“the bravest and strongest of all giants”).—Vasco de Lobeira, _Amadis de Gaul_, iv. 129 (fourteenth century.)

=Gadshill=, a companion of Sir John Falstaff. This thief receives his name from a place called Gadshill, on the Kentish road, notorious for the many robberies committed there.—Shakespeare, 1 _Henry IV._ act ii. sc. 4 (1597).

=Ga´heris= (_Sir_), son of Lot (king of Orkney) and Morgause (King Arthur’s sister). Being taken captive by Sir Turquine, he was liberated by Sir Launcelot du Lac. One night, Sir Gaheris caught his mother in adultery with Sir Lamorake, and, holding her by the hair, struck off her head.

=Gaiour= [_Djow.´r_], emperor of China, and father, of Badour´a (the “most beautiful woman ever seen upon earth”). Badoura married Camaral´zaman, the most beautiful of men.—_Arabian Nights_ (“Camaralzaman and Badoura”). (See GIAOUR).

=Gal´ahad= (_Sir_), the chaste son of Sir Launcelot and the fair Elaine (King Pelles’s daughter, pt. iii. 2), and thus was fulfilled a prophecy that she should become the mother of the noblest knight that was ever born. Queen Guenevere says that Sir Launcelot “came of the eighth degree from our Saviour, and Sir Galahad is of the ninth ... and, therefore, be they the greatest gentlemen of all the world” (pt. iii. 35). His sword was that which Sir Balin released from the maiden’s scabbard (see BALIN), and his shield belonged to King Euelake [_Evelake_], who received it from Joseph of Arimathy. It was a snow-white shield, on which Joseph had made a cross with his blood (pt. iii. 39). After divers adventures, Sir Galahad came to Sarras, where he was made king, was shown the sangraal by Joseph of Arimathy, and “took the Lord’s body between his hands,” and died. Then suddenly “a great multitude of angels bear his soul up to heaven,” and “sithence was never no man that could say he had seen the sangraal” (pt. iii. 103).

Sir Galahad was the only knight who could sit in the “Siege Perilous,” a seat in the Round Table reserved for the knight destined to achieve the quest of the holy graal, and no other person could sit in it without peril of his life (pt. iii. 32). He also drew from the iron and marble rock the sword which no other knight could release (pt. iii. 33). His great achievement was that of the Holy Graal.

Sometimes on lonely mountain-meres I find a magic bark; I leap on board: no helmsman steers I float till all is dark. A gentle sound, an awful light! Three angels bear the holy Grail With folded feet, in stoles of white On sleeping wings they sail. Ah, blessed vision! blood of God! My spirit beats her mortal bars, As down dark tides the glory slides And star-like mingles with the stars. Tennyson, _Sir Galahad_.

Then the bishop took a wafer, which was made in the likeness of bread, and at the lifting up [_the elevation of the host]_ there came a figure in the likeness of a child, and the visage was as red and as bright as fire; and he smote himself into that bread; so they saw that the bread was formed of a fleshly man, and then he put it into the holy vessel again ... then he took the holy vessel and came to Sir Galahad as he kneeled down, and there he received his Saviour ... then went he and kissed Sir Bors ... and kneeled at the table and made his prayers; and suddenly his soul departed ... and a great multitude of angels bear his soul to heaven.—Sir T. Malory, _History of Prince Arthur_, iii. 101-103 (1470).

⁂ Sir Galahalt, the son of Sir Brewnor, must not be confounded with Sir Galahad, the son of Sir Launcelot.

=Galahalt= (_Sir_), called “The Haut Prince,” son of Sir Brewnor. He was one of the knights of the Round Table.

=Gal´antyse= (3 _syl._), the steed given to Graunde Armoure by King Melyzyus.

And I myselfe shall give you a worthy stede, Called Galantyse, to helpe you in your nede. Stephen Hawes, _The Passe-tyme of Plesure_, xxviii. (1515).

=Ga´laor= (_Don_), brother of Am´adis de Gaul. A _desultor amoris_, who, as Don Quixote says, “made love to every pretty girl he met.” His adventures form a strong contrast to those of his more serious brother.—_Amadis de Gaul_ (fourteenth century).

A barber in the village insisted that none equalled “The Knight of the Sun” [i.e. _Amadis_], except Don Galaor his brother.—Cervantes, _Don Quixote,_ I. 1 (1605).

=Gal´apas=, a giant of “marvellous height” in the army of Lucius, king of Rome. He was slain by King Arthur.

[_King Arthur_] slew a great giant named Galapas ... He shortened him by smiting off both his legs at the knees, saying, “Now art thou better of a size to deal with than thou wert.” And after, he smote off his head.—Sir T. Malory, _History of Prince Arthur_, I. 115 (1470).

=Gal´aphron= or GALLAPHRONE (3 _syl._), a king of Cathay, father of Angelica.—Bojardo, _Orlando Innamorato_ (1495); Ariosto, _Orlando Furioso_ (1516).

When Agrican ... besieged Albracca ... The city of Gallaphrone, whence to win The fairest of her sex, Angelica. Milton, _Paradise Regained_, iii. (1671).

=Galasp=, or rather George Gillespie, mentioned by Milton in _Sonnet_, x., was a Scottish writer against the independents, and one of the “Assembly of Divines” (1583-1648). See Colkitto.

=Galatea.= Lovely statue, made by Pygmalion, and endued with life by Venus at the prayer of the sculptor-lover.

=Galate´a=, a sea-nymph, beloved by Polypheme (3 _syl._) She herself had a heartache for Acis. The jealous giant crushed his rival under a huge rock, and Galatēa, inconsolable at the loss of her lover, was changed into a fountain. The word Galatea is used poetically for any rustic maiden.

⁂ Handel has an opera called _Acis and Galatea_ (1710).

_Galatea_, a wise and modest lady attending on the princess in the drama of _Philaster_ or _Love Lies a-bleeding,_ by Beaumont and Fletcher (1608).

=Gala´tine= (3 _syl._), the sword of Sir Gaw´ain, King Arthur’s nephew.—Sir T. Malory, _History of Prince Arthur_, i. 93 (1470).

=Galbraith= (_Miss Lucy_), a young lady who finds herself _en tête-a-tête_ with her _çi-devant_ lover in a parlor-car. Conversation ensues and a quarrel. Upon attempting to leave the car, she discovers that it is uncoupled and solitary upon the track. In the fright of the alarm caused by what she assumes to be peril, she falls into her lover’s arms entreating forgiveness. The reconciliation is complete by the time they arrive safely at Schenectady.—W. D. Howells, _The Parlor Car, A Farce_ (1876).

=Galbraith= (_Major Duncan_), of Garschattachin, a militia officer.—Sir W. Scott, _Rob Roy_ (time, George I.).

=Ga´len=, an apothecary, a medical man (in disparagement). Galen was the most celebrated physician of ancient Greece, and had a greater influence on medical science than any other man before or since (A. D. 130-200).

Unawed, young Galen bears the hostile brunt, Pills in his rear, and Cullen in his front. Wm. Falconer, _The Midshipman_.

Dr. William Cullen, of Hamilton, Lanarkshire, author of _Nosology_, (1712-1790).

=Gal´enist=, a herb doctor.

The Galĕnist and Paracelsian S. Butler, _Hudibras_, iii. 3 (1678).

=Galeotti Martivalle=, (_Martius_), astrologer of Louis XI. Being asked by the superstitious king if he knew the day of his own death, the crafty astrologer replied that he could not name the exact day, but he had learnt thus much by his art—that it would occur just twenty-four hours before the decease of his majesty (ch. xxix.).—Sir W. Scott, _Quentin Durward_ (time, Edward IV.).

⁂ Thrasullus the soothsayer made precisely the same answer to Tibe´rius, emperor of Rome.

=Galera´na= is called by Ariosto the wife of Charlemagne; but the nine wives of that emperor are usually given as Hamiltrude (3 _syl._), Desidera´ta, Hil´degarde (3 _syl._), Fastrade (2 _syl._), Luitgarde, Maltegarde, Gersuinde, Regi´na, and Adalin´da.—Ariosto, _Orlando Furioso_, xxi. (1516).

=Galère= (2 _syl._). _Que diable allait-il faire dans cette galère?_ Scapin wants to get from Géronte (a miserly old hunks) £1500, to help Leandre, the old man’s son, out of a money difficulty. So Scapin vamps up a cock-and-bull story about Leandre being invited by a Turk on board his galley, where he was treated to a most sumptuous repast; but when the young man was about to quit the galley, the Turk told him he was a prisoner, and demanded £1500 for his ransom within two hours’ time. When Géronte hears this, he exclaims, “Que diable allait-il faire dans cette galère?” and he swears he will arrest the Turk for extortion. Being shown the impossibility of so doing, he again exclaims, “Que diable allait-il faire dans cette galère?” and it flashes into his mind that Scapin should give himself up as surety for the payment of the ransom. This of course Scapin objects to. The old man again exclaims, “Que diable allait-il faire dans cette galère?” and commands Scapin to go and tell the Turk that £1500 is not to be picked off a hedge. Scapin says the Turk does not care a straw about that, and insists on the ransom. “Mais, que diable allait-il faire dans cette galère?” cries the old hunks; and tells Scapin to go and pawn certain goods. Scapin replies there is no time, the two hours are nearly exhausted. “Que diable,” cries the old man again, “allait-il faire dans cette galère?” and when at last he gives the money, he repeats the same words, “Mais, que diable allait-il faire dans cette galère?”—Molière, _Les Fourberies de Scapin_. ii. 11 (1671).

=Gal´gacus=, chief of the Caledonians, who resisted Agricŏla with great valor. In A. D. 84 he was defeated, and died on the field. Tacĭtus puts into his mouth a noble speech, made to his army before the battle.

Galgacus, their guide, Amongst his murthered troops there resolutely died. Drayton, _Polyolbion_, viii. (1612).

=Galia´na=, a Moorish princess, daughter of Gadalfe, king of Tolēdo. Her father built for her a palace on the Tagus, so splendid that “a palace of Galiana” has become a proverb in Spain.

=Galien Restored=, a mediæval romance of chivalry. Galien was the son of Jaqueline (daughter of Hugh, king of Constantinople). His father was Count Oliver of Vienne. Two fairies interested themselves in Jaqueline’s infant son; one, named Galienne, had the child named after her, Galien; and the other insisted that he should be called “Restored,” for that the boy would _restore_ the chivalry of Charlemagne.—Author unknown.

=Galile´o= [GALILEI], born at Pisa, but lived chiefly in Florence. In 1633 he published his work on the Copernican system, showing that “the earth moved and the sun stood still.” For this he was denounced by the Inquisition of Rome, and accused of contradicting the Bible. At the age of 70 he was obliged to abjure his system, in order to gain his liberty. After pronouncing his abjuration, he said, in a stage whisper, _E pur si muove_ (“It does move, though”). This is said to be a romance (1564-1642).

=Galinthia=, daughter of Prœtus, king of Argos. She was changed by the Fates into a cat, and in that shape was made by Hecate her high priestess.—Antonius Liberalis, _Metam_, xxix.