PART II.

=Collection of Words.=

=1. The Universe.=

_Deos_, God _o creador_, the creator _o mundo_, the world _o firmamento_, the sky _um astro_, a star _o sol_, the sun _um raio de sol_, a sunbeam _a lua_, the moon _o luar_, the moonlight _uma nuvem_, a cloud _uma estrella_, a star _o céo_, _os céos_, the heaven _o nascer do sol_, sunrise _o pôr do sol_, sunset _um cometa_, a comet _o arco iris_, the rainbow _o trovão_, the thunder _o calor_, the heat _um relampago_, a lightning _o fogo_, the fire _o frio_, the cold _a geada_, the frost _o gelo_, the ice _a luz_, the light _a neve_, the snow _o obscuridade_, the darkness _uma trovoada_, a storm _a chuva_, the rain _o tempo_, the weather _o vento_, the wind.

=2. The Seasons.=

_Primavera_, spring _estio_, _verão_, summer _outono_, autumn _inverno_, winter _Janeiro_, January _Fevereiro_, February _Março_, March _Abril_, April _Maio_, May _Junho_, June _Julho_, July _Agosto_, August _Septembro_, September _Outubro_, October _Novembro_, November _Dezembro_, December _Segunda feìra_, Monday _Terça feìra_, Tuesday _Quarta feìra_, Wednesday _Quinta feìra_, Thursday _Sexta feìra_, Friday _Sabbado_, Saturday _Domingo_, Sunday _um seculo_, a century _um anno_, a year _o anno passado_, the last year _o anno que vem_, the next year _um moz_, a month _uma semana_, a week _um dia_, a day _uma hora_, an hour _meia hora_, half an hour _hora e meia_, an hour and a half _um quarto d’hora_, a quarter of an hour _um minuto_, a minute _um segundo_, a second _o despontar do dia_, the daybreak _a madrugada_, the morning _a manhã_, the forenoon _meio-dia_, noon _a tarde_, the afternoon _o pôr do sol_, sunset _a entrada_, the evening _a noite_, the night _meia noite_, midnight _hoje_, to-day _hontem_, yesterday _antes d’hontem_, the day before yesterday _á manhã_, to-morrow _o fim_, the end, close.

=3. Water.=

_Uma bahia_, a bay _agua corrente_, running water _agua enxarcada_, stagnant water _agua morta_, standing water _agua doce_, sweet water _agua do mar_, sea water _um lago_, a pond _um rio_, a river _um lago_, _uma lagoa_, a lake _um charco_, a pool _a maré_, the tide _maré alta_, high water _maré baixa_, low water _o mar_, the sea _mar perigoso_, a rough sea _as ondas_, the waves _um regato_, a brook _um nascente_, a spring _uma torrente_, a torrent _as ondas_, the billows _um barco de vapor_, a steamer _um brigue_, a brig _uma fragata_, a frigate _um navio mercante_, a merchant ship _um navio de guerra_, a man of war _uma ancora_, an anchor _a rabadilha_, the stern _a proa_, the head _um remo_, an oar _a cana do leme_, the helm _um masto_, a mast _a bandeira_, the flag _a tolda_, the deck _uma véla_, a sail _o velame_, the sails.

=4. Individuals and Relations.=

_Um homem_, a man _uma mulher_, a woman _as mulheres_, women _uma mulher casada_, a wife _um menino_, a child _um moço_, a boy _uma rapariga_, a girl _um mancebo_, a young man _uma moça_, a young maid _um velho_, an old man _uma velha_, an old woman _o avô_, the grandfather _a avó_, the grandmother _o pai_, the father _a mai_, the mother _o filho_, the son _a filha_, the daughter _um irmão_, a brother _uma irmã_, a sister _um tio_, an uncle _uma tia_, an aunt _um sobrinho_, a nephew _uma sobrinha_, a niece _um primo_, a cousin _uma família_, a family _os parentes_, the parents _o marido_, the husband _a esposa_, the wife _o noivo_, the bridegroom _a noiva_, the bride _o sogro_, the father-in-law _a sogra_, the mother-in-law _o genro_, the son-in-law _a nóra_, the daughter-in-law _um cunhado_, a brother-in-law _uma cunhada_, a sister-in-law.

=5. The Human Body.=

_A pelle_, the skin _a barba_, the beard _a boca_, the mouth _um braço_, an arm _um cabello_, a hair _o coração_, the heart _o pescoço_, the neck _um dente_, a tooth _um dedo_, a finger _a espalda_, the back _uma espadoa_, a shoulder _o estomago_, the stomach _a face_, the face _um joelho_, a knee _uma perna_, a leg _uma face_, a cheek _a língua_, the tongue _um beiço_, a lip _uma mão_, a hand _o nariz_, the nose _um olho_, an eye _uma orelha_, an ear _um pé_, a foot _o pulso_, the fist _a cabeça_, the head.

=6. The House and Furniture.=

_Uma casa_, a house _um palacio_, a palace _uma quinta_, a country house _uma livraria_, a library _um quarto_, a room _um quarto de dormir_, a bedroom _a escada_, the staircase _uma janella_, a window _o tecto de estuque_, the ceiling _o solho_, the floor _uma porta_, a door _uma fechadura_, a lock _a chave_, the key _uma sala baixa_, a parlour _uma sala da jantar_, a dining room _uma sala_, a drawingroom _uma campaïnha_, the bell _uma mobilia_, furniture _uma cadeira_, a chair _um castiçal_, a candlestick _uma vella de sebo_, a candle _uma cheminé_, a chimney _uma comoda_, a chest of drawers _um espelho de sala_, a looking-glass _um candieiro_, a lamp _uma cama_, a bed _uma cortina_, a curtain _uma papeleira_, a writing-desk _um sofa_, a sofa _uma mesa_, a table _um quadro_, a picture _um tapete_, a carpet _as gavetas_, drawers _uma toalha de mesa_, a table cloth _uma colher_, a spoon _uma colherinha_, a tea spoon _um garfo_, a fork _uma faca_, a knife.

=7. Trees, Shrubs etc.=

_Os cereaes_, corn _a aveia_, oats _o feno_, hay _o trigo candeal_, wheat _a herva_, grass _a batata_, potatoe _o arroz_, rice _uma bétula_, a birch _uma ceregeira_, a cherry tree _uma azinheira_, an oak _uma figueira_, a fig-tree _uma faia_, a beech _uma hera_, ivy _um olmo_, an elm _um chopo_, a poplar _um pinheiro_, a pine _um abeto_, a fir _um salgueiro_, a willow _um til_, a lime-tree.

=8. Fruits and Flowers.=

_Um damasco_, an apricot _uma cereja_, a cherry _uma castanha_, a chestnut _um limão_, a lemon _um figo_, a fig _um morango_, a strawberry _uma groselha_, a currant _groselha de bagos grossos_, a gooseberry _uma noz_, a nut _uma pera_, a pear _uma maçã_, an apple _o lirio_, the lily _a margarita_, the daisy _o lirio dos valles_, the lily of the valley _o cravo_, the pink _a papoula_, the poppy _a primavera_, the primrose _a rosa_, the rose _a tulipa_, the tulip _a violeta_, the violet.

=9. Dress.=

_Uma camiza_, a shirt _umas ceroulas_, drawers _uma camizola_, an underwaistcoat _uns calções_, breeches _um colete_, a waistcoat _uma casaca_, a coat _um capote_, a cloak _um chapéo_, a hat _uma bota_, a boot _uma anagoa_, a pellicoat _um vestido_, a gown _uma touca_, a bonnet _um veo_, a veil _um collar_, a necklace _um brinco_, an ear-ring _pulseiras_, bracelets _uma meia_, a stocking _um sapato_, a shoe _uma luva_, a glove _uma bolsa_, a purse _um annel_, a ring _pós_, powder _sabão_, soap _uma toalha de mãos_, a towel _um pente_, a comb _uma escova_, a brush _uma escova de dentes_, a toothbrush.

=10. Town and Country.=

_Uma cidade_, a town _uma aldea_, a village _os arrabaldes_, the suburbs _um candieiro de gaz_, a gas lamp _a calçada_, the pavement _uma praça_, a square _uma ponte_, a bridge _um passeio_, a walk _um farol_, a lamp _uma rua_, a street _um bosquesinho_, a thicket _um campo_, a field _uma cavalhariça_, a stable _uma floresta_ } _uma selva_ } a forest _uma sebe_, a hedge _um jardim_, a garden _um almargeal_, a meadow _um vergel_, an orchard.

=11. Animals.=

_Um cervo_, a stag _um crocodillo_, a crocodile _um elephante_, an elephant _um coelho_, a rabbit _uma lebre_, a hare _um lião_, a lion _um leopardo_, a leopard _um lobo_, a wolf _um urso_, a bear _uma panthera_, a panther _um rato_, a rat _uma raposa_, a fox _um mono_, a monkey _um tigre_, a tiger _um burro_, an ass _uma ovelha_, a sheep _um borrego_, a lamb _um gato_, a cat _um cão_, a dog _um cavallo_, a horse _um macho_, a mule _uma vaca_, a cow _um bezerro_, a calf _um boi_, an ox _um leitão_, a pig _o gado_, cattle _gado vacum_, herds _godo meudo_, flocks.

=12. Birds, Fishes and Insects.=

_Um pata_, a duck _um gallo_, a cock _uma gallinha_, a hen _um ganso_, a goose _um pombo_, a pigeon _uma aguia_, an eagle _uma calhandra_, a lark _uma cegonha_, a stork _um corvo_, a raven _um cisne_, a swan _uma andorinha_, a swallow _um roussinol_, a nightingale _uma enguia_, an eel _uma carpa_, a carp _um harenque_, a herring _uma lagosta_, a lobster _uma ostra_, an oyster _uma sarda_, a mackerel _uma perca_, a perch _um salmão_, a salmon _um linguado_, a sole _uma truta_, a trout _um rodavalho_, a turbot _uma abelha_, a bee _uma aranha_, a spider _um sapo_, a toad _uma borboleta_, a butterfly _uma serpente_, a serpent _um escaravelho_, a beetle _uma formiga_, an ant _uma rã_, a frog _uma vespa_, a wasp _uma mosca_, a fly _um bicho_, a worm _uma vibora_, a viper. _uma cobra_, an adder.

Easy Dialogues.

=1. Eating and Drinking.=

Are you hungry? _Vm. tem fome?_ I have a good appetite. _Tenho boa vontade de comer._ I am very hungry. _Tenho bastante fome._ Eat something. _Coma alguma cousa._ What will you eat? _Que ha de Vm. comer?_ What do you wish to eat? _Que é o que tem vontade de_ _comer?_ You do not eat. _O senhor naõ come._ I beg your pardon, I eat very _Com perdaõ de Vm., eu como_ heartily. _muito bem._ I have eaten very heartily. _Tenho comido bastante._ I have dined with a good appetite. _Jantei de boa vontade._ Eat another piece. _Coma ainda mais alguma cousa._ I can eat no more. _Naõ comerei mais nada._ Are you thirsty? _Tem Vm. sêde?_ Are you not thirsty? _Naõ tem Vm. sêde?_ I am very thirsty. _Tenho bastante sêde._ I am dying of thirst. _Estou morrendo de sêde._ Let us drink. _Toça a beber._ Give me something to drink. _De-me de beber._ Will you drink a glass of wine? _Quer Vm. beber um copo de_ _vinho?_ Drink a glass of beer. _Tome um copo de cerveja._ Drink another glass of wine. _Beba mais esse copo de vinho._ Sir, I drink to your health. _Bebo a sua saude._ I have the honour to drink _Tenho a honra de beber á sua_ your health. _saúde._

=2. Going and Coming.=

Where are you going? _Onde vai Vm.?_ I am going home. _Vou para casa._ I was going to your house. _Hia á sua casa._ From whence do you come? _Donde vem Vm.?_ I come from my brother’s. _Venho de casa de meu irmão._ I am coming from church. _Venho da igreja._ I have just left the school. _Saio da escola._ Will you go with me? _Quer Vm. vir commigo?_ Whither do you wish to go? _Onde quer Vm. hir?_ We will take a walk. _Hiremos passeiar._ We will take a walk. _Hiremos fazer um passeio._ With all my heart; most willingly. _Quero, pois naõ. Com muito_ _gosto._ Which way shall we go? _Per onde iremos?_ Any way you like. _Para aquella que quizer._ Let us go into the park. _Vamos a tapada._ Let us take your brother in _Vamos ter de caminho com seu_ our way. _irmão._ As you please. _Como queira._ Is Mr. B. at home? _O senhor B. está em casa?_ He is gone out. _Está fóra._ He is not at home. _Naõ está em casa._ Can you tell us where he is _Pode Vm. dizer-me para onde_ gone? _foi?_ I cannot tell you precisely. _Naõ saberei dizer-lhe ao certo._ I think he is gone to see his _Creio que foi ver a irmã._ sister. Do you know when he will _Sabe Vm. quando ha de voltar?_ come back? No, he said nothing of it when _Naõ: partio sem m’odizer._ he went out. Then we must go without him. _Entaõ ir-nos hemos sem elle._

=3. Questions and Answers.=

Come nearer; I have something _Venha ca, tenho que lhe dizer_ to tell you. _uma cousa._ I have a word to say to you. _Tenho que lhe dizer duas palavras._ Listen to me. _Escute-me._ I want to speak to you. _Tenho desejo de lhe fallar._ What is it you want? _Que ha de novo para o seu_ _serviço?_ I am speaking to you. _É com Vm. que fallo._ I am not speaking to you. _Naõ é com Vm. que eu fallo._ What do you say? _Que diz Vm.?_ What did you say? _Que disse Vm.?_ I say nothing. _Naõ disse nada._ Do you hear? _Entende?_ Do you hear what I say? _Entende Vm. o que digo?_ Do you understand me? _Entende-me Vm.?_ Will you be so kind as to _Quer Vm. repetil’o?_ repeat...? I understand you well. _Eu bem o entendo._ Why do you not answer me? _Por que me naõ responde?_ Do you not speak Portuguese? _Vm. naõ falla portuguez?_ Very little, Sir. _Muito pouco, senhor._ I understand it a little, but _Entendo-o um pouco, porèm_ I do not speak it. _naõ fallo._ Speak louder. _Falle mais alto._ Do not speak so loud. _Naõ falle taõ alto._ Do not make so much noise. _Naõ faça tanta bulha._ Hold your tongue. _Calle-se._ Did you not tell me that...? _Naõ me disse Vm. que?_ Who told you that? _Quem lhe disse isto?_ They told me so. _Disseraõ-me._ Somebody has told it me. _Disse-m’o certa pessoa._ I have heard it. _Ouvi dizer._ What do you wish to say? _Que quer Vm. dizer?_ What is that good for? _Para que é bom isto?_ What do you call that? _Como chama Vm. a isto?_ Do you know Mr. G.? _Conhece Vm. o senhor G.?_ I know him by sight. _Conheço-o de vista._ I know him by name. _Conheço-o de nome._

=4. The Age.=

How old are you? _Que idade tem Vm.?_ How old is your brother? _Que idade tem o senhor seu irmão._ I am twelve years old. _Tenho doze annos._ I am ten years and six months _Tenho dés annos e meio._ old. Next month I shall be sixteen _Hei de fazer desaseis annos no_ years old. _mez que vem._ I was thirteen years old last _Fiz treze annos a semana passada._ week. You do not look so old. _Vm. naõ me parecia ter tanta_ _idade._ You look older. _Vm. parecia ter mais idade._ I thought you were older. _Cuidava que era mais velho._ I did not think you were so old. _Naõ cuidava que tivese tanta idade._ How old may your uncle be? _Que idade tem seu tio?_ He may be sixty years old. _Poderá ter sessenta annos._ He is about sixty years old. _Tem obra de sessenta annos._ He is more than fifty years old. _Tem mais de cincoenta annos._ He is a man of fifty and upwards. _É um homem de cincoenta e_ _tantos annos._ He may be sixty or there abouts. _Poderá ter cousa de sessenta_ _annos._ He is above eighty. _Tem mais de oitenta annos._ That is a great age. _É uma idade assás adiantada._ Is he so old? _É taõ idoso como isto?_ He begins to grow old. _Começa a fazer-se velho._

=5. The Time.=

What o’clock is it? _Que horas saõ?_ Pray tell me what time it is? _Tenha a bondade de dizer-me_ _que horas saõ._ It is one o’clock. _É uma hora._ It is past one. _É uma hora passada._ It has struck one. _É uma hora ja dada._ It is a quarter past one. _É uma hora e um quarto._ It is half past one. _É hora e meia._ It wants ten minutes to two. _Saõ duas horas menos dés minutos._ It is not yet two o’clock. _Ainda naõ deraõ duas horas._ It is only twelve o’clock. _Naõ é mais que meio-dia._ It is almost three o’clock. _Saõ perto de tres horas._ It is on the stroke of three. _Saõ tres horas em ponto._ It is going to strike three. _Está a dar tres horas._ It is ten minutes past three. _Saõ tres horas e dés minutos._ The clock is going to strike. _O relogio está para dar horas._ There is the clock striking. _O relogio está dando horas._ It is not late. _Naõ é tarde._ It is later than I thought. _É mais tarde do que eu cuidava._ I did not think it was so late. _Naõ cuidava que fosse taõ tarde._

=6. The Weather.=

What kind of weather is it? _Que especie de tempo faz?_ It is bad weather. _Faz máo tempo._ It is cloudy. _Faz um tempo escuro._ It is dreadful weather. _Faz um tempo horrivel._ It is fine weather. _Faz bom tempo._ We are going to have a fine _Havemos de ter um optimo dia._ day. It is dewy. _Ha muito orvalho._ It is foggy. _Faz nevoa._ It is rainy weather. _Faz um tempo chuvoso._ It threatens to rain. _O tempo está embrulhado._ The sky becomes very cloudy. _O céo se esconde._ The sky is getting very dark. _O céo se escurece._ The sun is coming out. _O sol começa a apparecer._ The weather is clearing up _O tempo principia a concertar-se._ again. It is very warm. _Faz bastante calma._ It is sultry. _Faz uma calma que abafa._ It is very mild. _Faz um tempo bem brando._ It is cold. _Faz frio._ It is excessively cold. _Faz um frio terrivel._ It is raw weather. _Faz um tempo frio e juntamente_ _humido._ It rains. _Chove._ It has been raining. _Choveo._ It is going to rain. _Está para chover._ I feel some drops of rain. _Sinto alguns choviscos._ There are some drops of rain _Caem algumas gotas d’agua._ falling. It hails. _Cae pedra._ It snows; it is snowing. _Neva. Está chovendo neve._ It has been snowing. _Cahio bastante neve._ It snows in large flakes. _Cahe neve em frocos._ It freezes. _Géla._ It has frozen. _Cahio geada._ It begins to thaw. _O tempo começa a abrandar-se._ It thaws. _Ha degêlo._ It is very windy. _Faz bastante vento._ The wind is very high. _Faz uma grande ventania._ There is no air stirring. _Naõ ha viraçaõ._ It lightens. _Está fazendo relampagos._ It has lightened all night. _Toda esta noite fez relampagos._ It thunders. _Troveja._ The thunder roars. _Está trovejando._ The thunderbolt has fallen. _Cahio um raio._ It is stormy weather. _O tempo ameaça trovoada._ We shall have a thunderstorm. _Havemos de ter alguma trovoada._ The sky begins to clear up. _O céo começa a limpar-se._ The weather is very unsettled. _O tempo está bem inconstante._ It is very muddy. _Faz bastante lama._ It is very dusty. _Ha muita poeira._ It is very slippery. _Escorrega muito._ It is bad walking. _Faz máo tempo para se sahir._ It is day-light. _Faz dia._ It is dark. _Faz escuro._ It is night. _Faz noite._ It is moonlight. _Faz luar._ Do you think it will be fine _Cuida Vm. que teremos bom tempo?_ weather? I do not think that it will _Creio que não ha de chover._ rain. I am afraid it will rain. _Tenho medo que chova._ I fear so. _Eu assim o creio._

=7. Salutation.=

Good morning, Sir. _Bons dias senhor._ I wish you good morning. _Tenha Vm. bons dias._ How do you do? } _Como está Vm.?_ How are you? } Do you continue in good _Está sempre de saúde?_ health? Pretty good; and how are you? _Muito bem, e Vm.?_ Are you well? _Vm. está bem disposto?_ Very well, and you? _Muito bem, e Vm.?_ I am perfectly well. _Acho-me as mil maravilhas._ And how is it with you? _E Vm. como vai de saúde?_ As usual. _Como do costume._ Pretty well, thank God. _Assas bem, graças a Deus._ I am very happy to see you _Estou encantado de o ver em_ well. _perfeita saúde._

=8. The Visit.=

There is a knock. _Batem a porta._ Somebody knocks. _Alguem está batendo a porta._ Go and see who it is. _Vai ver quem é._ Go and open the door. _Vai abrir a porta._ It is Mrs. B. _É a senhora B._ I wish you good morning. _Tenha Vm. muito bons dias._ I am happy to see you. _Estou encantado de a ver._ I have not seen you this age. _Ha um seculo que naõ a hei visto._ It is a novelty to see you. _É milagre vel’a._ Pray, sit down. _Queira assentar-se._ Sit down if you please. _Tenha a bondade de assentar-se._ Take a seat. _Queira ter o incommodo de_ _assentar-se._ Give a chair to the lady. _Dê uma cadeira á senhora._ Will you stay and take some _Quer Vm. ficar para jantar_ dinner with us? _comnosco._ I cannot stay. _Naõ posso demorar-me._ I only came in to see how _Entrei sómente para saber da_ you are. _sua saúde._ I must go. _Naõ me posso demorar mais._ You are in a great hurry. _Vm. tem muita pressa._ Why are you in such a hurry? _Que pressa é esta?_ I have a great many things _Tenho muito que fazer._ to do. Surely you can stay a little _Vm. bem pode demorar-se mais longer. uma instante._ I will stay longer another _Em outra vez ficarei mais_ time. _tempo._ I thank you for your visit. _Receba os meus agradecimentos_ _pela visita._ I hope to see you soon again. _Espero de o ver bem cédo._

=9. Breakfast.=

Have you breakfasted? _Vm. já almoçou?_ Not yet. _Ainda naõ._ You have come just in time. _Chega em boa occasiaõ._ You will breakfast with us. _Almoçará comnosco._ Breakfast is ready. _O almoço está prompto._ Do you drink tea or coffee? _Toma Vm. chá, ou café?_ Would you prefer chocolate? _Gosta talvez mais de chocolate?_ I prefer coffee. _Prefiro o café._ What can I offer you? _Que lhe poderei offerecer?_ Here are rolls and toast. _Ahi tem paõ e fatias._ What do you like best? _De qual gosta mais?_ I shall take a roll. _Comerei um destes pãezinhos._ How do you like the coffee? _Como acha Vm. o café?_ Is the coffee strong enough? _Acha Vm. o café com bastante_ _força?_ It is excellent. _Acho-o excellente._ Is there enough sugar in it? _Tem assucar sufficiente?_ If there is not, do not make _Se não tem o que é mister, não_ any ceremony. _faça ceremonias._ Act as if you were at home. _Faça como se estivesse em sua_ _casa._

=10. Before Dinner.=

At what time do we dine to-day? _Á que horas jantamos hoje?_ We shall dine at four o’clock. _Devemos jantar ás quatro._ We shall not dine before five _Nem antes das cinco o faremos._ o’clock. Shall we have anybody to dinner _Teremos hoje alguem de fóra?_ to-day? Do you expect company? _Espera Vm. gente?_ I expect Mr. B. _Espero pelo senhor B._ Mr. D. has promised to come _O senhor por D. prometteo de if the weather permits. vir, se o tempo permitisse._ Have you given orders for _Deo Vm. já os ordens para o_ dinner? _jantar?_ What have you ordered for _Que encommendou Vm. para_ dinner? _o jantar?_ Have you sent for fish? _Mandou Vm. vir peixe?_ I could not get any fish. _Naõ pude haver peixe._ I fear we shall have a very _Quer me parecer, que havemos_ indifferent dinner. _de ter um máo jantar._ We must do as we can. _Faremos como podermos._

=11. The Dinner.=

To what shall I help you? _Que quer que lhe sirva?_ Will you take a little soup? _Quer uma pouca de sopa?_ I thank you. I will trouble _Obrigado, aceitarei um pouco_ you for a little beef. _de vaca._ It looks so very nice. _Tem mui boa apparencia._ Which part do you like best? _De que parte gosta mais?_ I hope you like this piece. _Espero que este bocado é a seu_ _gosto._ Gentlemen, you have dishes _Senhores, Vm. tem dous pratos_ near you. _diante de si._ Help yourselves. _Sirvaõ-se._ Take without ceremony what _Sirvaó-se sem ceremonia daquillo_ you like best. _de que mais gostarem._ Would you like a little of this _Quer um pouco deste assado?_ roastmeat? Will you have some fat? _Gosta de gordura?_ Give me some of this lean, _Dê-me do que naõ tem gordura,_ if you please. _por quem é._ How do you like the roastmeat? _Que tal acha o ássado?_ It is excellent, delicious. _Excellente._ What will you take with your meat? _Que quer Vm. comer com a_ _carne?_ Shall I help you to some vegetables? _Posso servir-lhe alguma_ _hortaliça?_ Will you take peas or cauliflower? _Quer Vm. ervilhas ou couves_ _flores?_ It is quite indifferent to me. _Gosto tanto d’um, como_ _d’outro._ I shall send you a piece of _Vou servir-lhe desta ave._ this fowl. No, thank you, I can eat no more. _Muito obrigado, tenho comido_ _sufficiente._ You are a poor eater. _Vm. come mui pouco._ You eat nothing. _Vm. naõ come nada._ I beg your pardon, I do honour _Pelo contrario como_ to your dinner. _sufficiente._ You may take away. _Podem tirar a mesa._

=12. Tea.=

Have you carried in the tea-things? _Trouxeste tudo quanto é mister_ _para o chá?_ Everything is on the table. _Está tudo na mesa._ Does the water boil? _A agua está a ferver?_ Tea is ready. _O chá está prompto._ They are waiting for you. _Estamos á sua espera._ Here I am. _Eis-me prompto._ We have not cups enough. _As chicaras naõ saõ_ _sufficientes._ We want two more cups and saucers. _É mister mais duas._ Bring another tea-spoon and _Falta tambem uma colher e_ a saucer. _um pires._ You have not brought in the _Esqueces-te de trazer a tenaz_ sugar-tongs. _do assucar._ Do you take cream? _Toma Vm leite?_ The tea is so strong. _O chá está muito forte._ I shall thank you for a little _Pedir-lhe hei mais um pouco_ more milk. _de leite._ Here are cakes and muffins. _Ahi tem bolos, e bolachas._ Do you prefer some bread _Tal vez queira antes fatias de_ and butter? _paõ com manteiga?_ I shall take a slice of bread _Aceitarei uma fatia de paõ_ and butter. _com manteiga._ Pass the plate this way. _Passe para cá o prato._ Ring the bell, if you please. _Toque a campainha._ Will you kindly ring the bell? _Tenha a bondade de tocar a_ _campainha?_ We want some more water. _E nos mister mais agua._ Bring it as quickly as possible. _Traze-as o mais de pressa_ _possivel._ Take the plate with you. _Leva ao mesmo tempo este_ _prato._ Is your tea sweet enough? _O seu chá tem o assucar_ _sufficiente?_ Have I put sugar enough in _Naõ sei se deitei bastante_ your tea? _assucar no seu chá?_ It is excellent. _Está muy bem temperado._ I do not like it quite so sweet. _Naõ gosto delle muito doce._ Your tea is very good. _O seu chá é muito bom._ Where do you buy it? _Onde o compra?_ I buy it at... _Compro-o em casa de..._ Have you already done? _Vm. naõ quer mais chá?_ You will take another cup. _Vm. ha de tomar mais uma_ _chicara._ I shall pour you out half a cup. _Vou dar-lhe uma meia chicara._ You will not refuse me. _Espero qui naõ a ha de_ _engeitar._ I have already drunk three cups, _Já tomei tres chicaras e nunca_ and I never drink more. _tomo mais._

SECOND COURSE.

=Verbs.=

=The Auxiliary Verbs.=

1.

=Ter= and =Haver, to have=.

=Infinitive Mood.= _Present. ter_ or _haver_, to have. _Past. ter tido_ — _ter havido_, to have had. _Gerund. tendo_ — _havendo_, having. _Participles. tido_, _tida_ — _havido_, _havida_, had.

=Indicative Mood.= _Present._ _eu tenho_ or _hei_, I have _tu tens_ — _has_, thou hast _elle_ or _ella tem_ — _ha_, he or she has _nós temos_ — _havemos_ or _hemos_, we have _vós tendes_ — _haveis_, you have _elles_ or _ellas tem_ — _hão_, they have.

_Imperfect._ _tinha_ or _havia_, I had _tinhas_ — _havias_, thou hadst _tinha_ — _havia_, he had _tinhamos_ — _haviamos_, we had _tinheis_ — _havieis_, you had _tinhão_ — _havião_, they had.

_Past definite._ _tive_ or _houve_, I have had _tiveste_ — _houveste_, thou hast had _teve_ — _houve_, he has had _tivemos_ — _houvemos_, we have had _tivestes_ — _houvestes_, you have had _tiverão_ — _houverão_, they have had.

_Past indefinite._ _tenho tido_ or _tenho havido_, } _tens tido_ — _tens havido_, } _tem tido_ — _tem havido_, } I have had. _temos tido_ — _temos havido_, } _tendes tido_ — _tendes havido_,} _tem tido_ — _tem havido_, }

_Past anterior._ _tivera_ or _houvera_, I had had _tiveras_ — _houveras_, thou hadst had _tivera_ — _houvera_, he had had _tiveramos_ — _houveramos_, we had had _tivereis_ — _houvereis_, you had had _tiverão_ — _houverão_, they had had.

_Pluperfect._ _tinha tido_ or _tinha havido_, I had had _tinhas tido_ — _tinhas havido_, thou hadst had _tinha tido_ — _tinha havido_, he had had _tinhamos tido_ — _tinhamos havido_, we had had _tinheis tido_ — _tinheis havido_, you had had _tinhão tido_ — _tinhão havido_, they had had.

_Future._ _terei_ or _haverei_, I shall have _terás_ — _haverás_, thou shalt have _terá_ — _haverá_, he shall have _teremos_ — _haveremos_, we shall have _tereis_ — _havereis_, you shall have _terão_ — _haverão_, they shall have.

_Compound Future anterior._ _hei de ter_ or _hei de haver_, } _has de ter_ — _has de haver_, } _ha de ter_ — _ha de haver_, } I shall (must, will) _havemos de ter_ — _havemos de haver_,} have. _haveis de ter_ — _haveis de haver_, } _hão de ter_ — _hão de haver_, }

_Future past._ _terei tido_ or _terei havido_, I shall have had _terás tido_ — _terás havido_, thou shalt have had _terá tido_ — _terá havido_, he shall have had _teremos tido_ — _teremos havido_, we shall have had _tereis tido_ — _tereis havido_, you shall have had _terão tido_ — _terão havido_, they shall have had.

=Conditional.=

_teria_ or _haveria_, I should have _terias_ — _haverias_, thou shouldst have _teria_ — _haveria_, he should have _teriamos_ — _haveriamos_, we should have _terieis_ — _haverieis_, you should have _terião_ — _haverião_, they should have.

=Conditional past.=

_teria tido_ or _teria havido_, } _terias tido_ — _terias havido_, } _teria tido_ — _teria havido_, } I should have had. _teriamos tido_ — _teriamos havido_,} _terieis tido_ — _terieis havido_, } _terião tido_ — _terião havido_, }

=Subjunctive Mood.= _Present._ _que tenha_ or _haja_, that I may have _tenhas_ — _hajas_, that thou mayest have _tenha_ — _haja_, that he may have _tenhamos_ — _hajamos_, that we may have _tenhais_ — _hajais_, that you may have _tenhão_ — _hajão_, that they may have.

_Imperfect._ _que tivéra_ or _houvéra_, that I might have _tivéras_ — _houvéras_, that thou mightst have _tivéra_ — _houvéra_, that he might have _tivéramos_ — _houvéramos_, that we might have _tivéreis_ — _houvéreis_, that you might have _tivérão_ — _houvérão_, that they might have.

_Past definite._ _que tivesse_ or _houvesse_, that I may have had _tivesses_ — _houvesses_, that thou mayest have had _tivesse_ — _houvesse_, that he may have had _tivessemos_ — _houvessemos_, that we may have had _tivesseis_ — _houvesseis_, that you may have had _tivessem_ — _houvessem_, that they may have had.

_Past indefinite._ _que tenha tido_ or _tenha havido_, that I may have had _tenhas tido_ — _tenhas havido_, that thou mayest have had _tenha tido_ — _tenha havido_, that he may have had _tenhamos tido_ — _tenhamos havido_, that we may have had _tenhais tido_ — _tenhais havido_, that you may have had _tenhão tido_ — _tenhão havido_, that they may have had.

_Pluperfect._ _que tivesse tido_ or _tivesse havido_, that I might have had _tivesses tido_ — _tivesses havido_, that thou mightst have had _tivesse tido_ — _tivesse havido_, that he might have had _tivessemos tido_ — _tivessemos havido_, that we might have had _tivesseis tido_ — _tivesseis havido_, that you might have had _tivessem tido_ — _tivessem havido_, that they might have had.

_Simple Future._ _quando eu tiver_ or _eu houver_, when I shall have _tu tiveres_ — _tu houveres_, when thou shalt have _elle tiver_ — _elle houver_, when he shall have _nos tivermos_ — _nos houvermos_, when we shall have _vos tiverdes_ — _vos houverdes_, when you shall have _elles tiverem_ — _elles houverem_, when they shall have.

_Compound Future._ _que haja de ter_ or _haja de haver_, that I shall have _hajas de ter_ — _hajas de haver_, that thou shalt have _haja de ter_ — _haja de haver_, that he shall have _hajamos de ter_ — _hajamos de haver_, that we shall have _hajais de ter_ — _hajais de haver_, that you shall have _hajão de ter_ — _hajão de haver_, that they shall have.

_Future past._ { _eu tiver tido_ or _tiver havido_, { when I shall have had { _tu tiveres tido_ — _tiveres havido_, { when thou shalt have had _quando (se)_ { _elle tiver tido_ — _tiver havido_, { when he shall have had { _nos tivermos tido_ — _tivermos havido_, { when we shall have had { _vos tiverdes tido_ — _tiverdes havido_, { when you shall have had { _elles tiverem tido_ — _tiverem havido_, when they shall have had.

=Imperative.= First Person: wanting. _tem tu_ or _hajas tu_, have thou _tenha elle_ — _haja elle (ella)_, let him (her) have _tenhamos nós_ — _hajamos nós_, let us have _tende vós_ — _havei vós_, have ye _tenhão elles_ — _hajão elles (ellas)_, let them have.

=Obs.= All Verbs composed of _ter_, are conjugated like it, as: _conter_, _deter_, _manter_, _obter_, _reter_ etc.

2.

=Examples.=

Tenho pão[439]. Tens carne[440]. Elle tem vinho[441]. Tinhamos ameixas[442]. Eu tive morangos[443]. Elle teve uma laranja[444]. Tivemos framboezas[445]. Elles tiverão figos[446]. Hei de ter groselhas[447]. Meu irmão[448] ha de ter nozes[449]. Minhas irmãas[450] hão de ter nesperas[451]. Eu teria vacca[452]. Meu amigo[453] teria vitella[454]. Tereis assado[455]. Elles terião presunto[456]. Tenha elle pastel[457]. Tenhão elles ovos[458]. Tenhamos bolo[459]. Tende vós salada[460]. Que eu tivesse pimenta[461]. Que tu tivesses vinagre[462]. Que elle tivesse azeite[463]. Que nós tivessemos mostarda[464]. Que vós tivesseis assucar[465]. Que elles tivessem especiarias[466].

[439] bread.

[440] meat.

[441] wine.

[442] plum.

[443] strawberries.

[444] orange.

[445] raspberry.

[446] fig.

[447] gooseberry.

[448] brother.

[449] nut.

[450] sister.

[451] medlar.

[452] beef.

[453] friend.

[454] veal.

[455] the roastmeat.

[456] ham.

[457] pie.

[458] egg.

[459] cake.

[460] salad.

[461] pepper.

[462] vinegar.

[463] oil.

[464] mustard.

[465] sugar.

[466] spice.

3.

_Exercises._

I have beer[467]. Thou hast fruit[468]. He has apples[469]. We have a pear[470]. You have peaches[471]. They have cherries[472]. I had grapes[473]. Thou hadst almonds[474]. He had mulberries[475]. We had an apricot[476]. You had cheese[477]. They had milk[478]. I shall have hazelnuts[479]. My brother will have butter[480]. We shall have chestnuts[481]. You will have a lemon[482]. Our gardener[483] will have celery[484]. I would have cake. Thou wouldst have salad. He would have onions[485]. Our game keeper[486] would have venison[487]. We would have sour cherries[488]. You would have raisins[489]. Our cooks[490] would have olives[491]. That our friends[492] have a rosetree[493]. That we have a myrtle[494]. That you have an apricot-tree[495]. That our sisters have a bouquet[496]. That I had cream[497]. That thou hadst salt[498]. That he had coffee[499]. That we had tea[500]. That she had chocolate[501]. Have courage[502]. He may have a book[503]. Let us have patience[504]. Have a watermelon[505]. Let them have a melon[506].

[467] cerveja.

[468] fruta.

[469] maçãa.

[470] pera.

[471] pecego.

[472] cereja.

[473] uva.

[474] amendoa.

[475] amora.

[476] albricoque (damasco).

[477] queijo.

[478] leite.

[479] avelãa.

[480] manteiga.

[481] castanha.

[482] limão.

[483] jardineiro.

[484] aipo.

[485] cebola.

[486] caçador.

[487] caça.

[488] ginjas.

[489] passas, passas de uva.

[490] cozinheira.

[491] azeitona.

[492] amiga.

[493] roseira.

[494] murta.

[495] damasqueiro.

[496] ramalhete.

[497] nata.

[498] sal.

[499] café.

[500] chá.

[501] chocolate.

[502] corragem, animo.

[503] livro.

[504] paciencia.

[505] melancia, balancia.

[506] melão.

4.

=Examples.=

Tenho por ventura[507] uma faca[508]? Tens tu um garfo[509]? Tendes vós guardanapos[510]? Tem elles uma toalha[511]? Tinha eu um prato[512]? Tem ella um copo[513]? Temos nós copos? Tendes vós ouro[514]? Tem elles prata[515]? Tinha eu uma colher[516]? Tinhamos nós uma garrafa[517]? Tinhão elles ferro[518]? Tive eu aço[519]? Tivestes vós chumbo[520]? Terei eu papel[521]? Terás tu pennas[522]? Vosso amigo terá o seu canivete[523]? Teremos nós livros? Tereis vós tinta[524]? Suas irmãas, terão uma casa[525]? Teria eu uma flor[526]? Tereis vós um jardim[527]?

[507] by accident.

[508] knife.

[509] fork.

[510] table napkin.

[511] towel.

[512] plate.

[513] glass.

[514] gold.

[515] silver.

[516] spoon.

[517] decanter.

[518] iron.

[519] steel.

[520] lead.

[521] paper.

[522] pens.

[523] penknife.

[524] ink.

[525] house.

[526] flower.

[527] garden.

5.

_Exercises._

Have I by accident a chamber[528]? Hast thou a castle[529]? Has he a tree[530]? Have we money[531]? Are you (have you) thirsty[532]? Have thy friends a sword? Had I an opportunity[533]? Hadst thou a razor[534]? Had you a horse[535]? Had you permission[536]? Would I have a tankard[537]? Would she have a cat[538]? Would we have a goat[539]? Would you have a cow[540]? Would they have an ox[541]? Would I have had a mule[542]? Wouldst thou have had a dog[543]?

[528] quarto.

[529] castello.

[530] arvore.

[531] dinheiro.

[532] sede.

[533] occasião.

[534] navalha.

[535] cavallo.

[536] licença.

[537] cantaro.

[538] gato (gata).

[539] cabra.

[540] vacca.

[541] boi.

[542] burro.

[543] cão.

6.

=Conjugation of the Verbs “ser” and “estar”, to be.=

=Infinitive Mood.= _=Present.= ser_ or _estar_, to be. _=Past.= ter sido_ — _ter estado_, to have been. _=Gerund.= sendo_ — _estando_, being. _=Participles.= sido_, _sida_ — _estado_, _estada_, been.

=Indicative Mood.= _Present._ _eu sou_ or _estou_, I am _tu es_ — _estás_, thou art _elle (ella) he_ — _está_, he (she) is _nós somos_ — _estamos_, we are _vós sois_ — _estais_, you are _elles (ellas) são_ — _estão_, they are.

_Imperfect._ _era_ or _estava_, I was _eras_ — _estavas_, thou wast _era_ — _estava_, he was _eramos_ — _estavamos_, we were _ereis_ — _estaveis_, you were _erão_ — _estavão_, they were.

_Past definite._ _fui_ or _estive_, I have been _foste_ — _estiveste_, thou hast been _foi_ — _esteve_, he has been _fomos_ — _estivemos_, we have been _fostes_ — _estivestes_, you have been _forão_ — _estiverão_, they have been.

_Past indefinite._ _tenho sido_ or _tenho estado_, I have been _tens sido_ — _tens estado_, thou hast been _tem sido_ — _tem estado_, he has been _temos sido_ — _temos estado_, we have been _tendes sido_ — _tendes estado_, you have been _tem sido_ — _tem estado_, they have been.

_Past anterior._ _fora_ or _estivera_, I had been _foras_ — _estiveras_, thou hadst been _fora_ — _estivera_, he had been _foramos_ — _estiveramos_, we had been _foreis_ — _estivereis_, you had been _forão_ — _estiverão_, they had been.

_Pluperfect._ _tinha sido_ or _tinha estado_, I had been _tinhas sido_ — _tinhas estado_, thou hadst been _tinha sido_ — _tinha estado_, he had been _tinhamos sido_ — _tinhamos estado_, we had been _tinheis sido_ — _tinheis estado_, you had been _tinhão sido_ — _tinhão estado_, they had been.

_Future._ _serei_ or _estarei_, I shall be _serás_ — _estarás_, thou shalt be _será_ — _estará_, he shall be _seremos_ — _estaremos_, we shall be _sereis_ — _estareis_, you shall be _serão_ — _estarão_, they shall be.

_Future anterior._ _hei de ser_ or _hei de estar_, I shall be _has de ser_ — _has de estar_, thou shalt be _ha de ser_ — _ha de estar_, he shall be _havemos de ser_ — _havemos de estar_, we shall be _haveis de ser_ — _haveis de estar_, you shall be _hão de ser_ — _hão de estar_, they shall be.

_Future past._ _terei sido_ or _terei estado_, I shall have been _terás sido_ — _terás estado_, thou shalt have been _terá sido_ — _terá estado_, he shall have been _teremos sido_ — _teremos estado_, we shall have been _tereis sido_ — _tereis estado_, you shall have been _terão sido_ — _terão estado_, they shall have been.

=Conditional.= _seria_ or _estaria_, I should be _serias_ — _estarias_, thou shouldst be _seria_ — _estaria_, he should be _seriamos_ — _estariamos_, we should be _serieis_ — _estarieis_, you should be _serião_ — _estarião_, they should be.

=Conditional past.= _teria sido_ or _teria estado_, I should have been _terias sido_ — _terias estado_, thou shouldst have been _teria sido_ — _teria estado_, he should have been _teriamos sido_ — _teriamos estado_, we should have been _terieis sido_ — _terieis estado_, you should have been _terião sido_ — _terião estado_, they should have been.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que seja_ or _esteja_, that I may be _sejas_ — _estejas_, that thou mayest be _seja_ — _esteja_, that he may be _sejamos_ — _estejamos_, that we may be _sejais_ — _estejais_, that you may be _sejão_ — _estejão_, that they may be.

_Imperfect._ _que fora_ or _estivera_, that I might be _foras_ — _estiveras_, that thou mightst be _fora_ — _estivera_, that he might be _foramos_ — _estiveramos_, that we might be _foreis_ — _estivereis_, that you might be _forão_ — _estiverão_, that they might be.

_Past definite._ _que fosse_ or _estivesse_, that I may have been _fosses_ — _estivesses_, that thou mayest have been _fosse_ — _estivesse_, that he may have been _fossemos_ — _estivessemos_, that we may have been _fosseis_ — _estivesseis_, that you may have been _fossem_ — _estivessem_, that they may have been.

_Past indefinite._ _que tenha sido_ or _tenha estado_, that I may have been _tenhas sido_ — _tenhas estado_, that thou mayest have been _tenha sido_ — _tenha estado_, that he may have been _tenhamos sido_ — _tenhamos estado_, that we may have been _tenhais sido_ — _tenhais estado_, that you may have been _tenhão sido_ — _tenhão estado_, that they may have been.

_Pluperfect._ _que tivesse sido_ or _tivesse estado_, that I might have been _tivesses sido_ — _tivesses estado_, that thou mightst have been _tivesse sido_ — _tivesse estado_, that he might have been _tivessemos sido_ — _tivessemos estado_,that we might have been _tivesseis sido_ — _tivesseis estado_, that you might have been _tivessem sido_ — _tivessem estado_, that they might have been.

_Simple Future._ _que for_ or _estiver_, that I shall be _fores_ — _estiveres_, that thou shalt be _for_ — _estiver_, that he shall be _formos_ — _estivermos_, that we shall be _fordes_ — _estiverdes_, that you shall be _forem_ — _estiverem_, that they shall be.

_Compound Future._ _que haja de ser_ or _haja de estar_, } _hajas de ser_ — _hajas de estar_, } _haja de ser_ — _haja de estar_, } that I shall be. _hajamos de ser_ — _hajamos de estar_,} _hajais de ser_ — _hajais de estar_, } _hajão de ser_ — _hajão de estar_, }

_Future past._ { _tiver sido_ or _tiver estado_, { when I shall have been { _tiveres sido_ — _tiveres estado_, { when thou shalt have been { _tiver sido_ — _tiver estado_, { when he shall have been _quando_ { _tivermos sido_ — _tivermos estado_, { when we shall have been { _tiverdes sido_ — _tiverdes estado_, { when you shall have been { _tiverem sido_ — _tiverem estado_, when they shall have been.

=Imperative.=

_sê tu_ or _está tu_, be thou _seja elle_ — _esteja elle_, let him be _sejamos nós_ — _estejamos nós_, let us be _sede vós_ — _estai vós_, be ye _sejão elles_ — _estejão elles_, let them be.

7.

The Regular Verbs.

=Active Verbs.=

=FIRST CONJUGATION.=

=Amar, to love.=

=Infinitive Mood.=

_Present._ _amar_, to love. _Perfect._ _ter amado_, to have loved. _Gerund._ _amando_, loving. _Participles._ _amado_, _amada_, loved.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _amo_, I love _amas_, thou lovest _ama_, he loves _amamos_, we love _amais_, you love _amão_, they love.

_Imperfect._ _amava_, I loved _amavas_, thou lovest _amava_, he loved _amávamos_, we loved _amaveis_, you loved _amavão_, they loved.

_Past definite._ _amei_, I have loved _amaste_, thou hast loved _amou_, he has loved _amámos_, we have loved _amastes_, you have loved _amárão_, they have loved.

_Past indefinite._ _tenho amado_, I have loved _tens amado_, thou hast loved _tem amado_, he has loved _temos amado_, we have loved _tendes amado_, you have loved _tem amado_, they have loved.

_Past anterior._ _amára_, I had loved _amáras_, thou hadst loved _amára_, he had loved _amáramos_, we had loved _amáreis_, you had loved _amárão_, they had loved.

_Pluperfect._ _tinha amado_, I had loved _tinhas amado_, thou hadst loved _tinha amado_, he had loved _tinhamos amado_, we had loved _tinheis amado_, you have loved _tinhão amado_, they have loved.

_Future._ _amarei_, I shall love _amarás_, thou shalt love _amará_, he shall love _amaremos_, we shall love _amareis_, you shall love _amarão_, they shall love.

_Future anterior._ _hei de amar_, I shall love _has de amar_, thou shalt love _ha de amar_, he shall love _havemos de amar_, we shall love _haveis de amar_, you shall love _hão de amar_, they shall love.

_Future past._ _terei amado_, I shall have loved _terás amado_, thou shalt have loved _terá amado_, he shall have loved _teremos amado_, we shall have loved _tereis amado_, you shall have loved _terão amado_, they shall have loved.

=Conditional.=

_amaria_, I should love _amarias_, thou shouldst love _amaria_, he should love _amariamos_, we should love _amarieis_, you should love _amarião_, they should love.

=Conditional past.=

_teria amado_, I should have loved _terias amado_, thou shouldst have loved _teria amado_, he should have loved _teriamos amado_, we should have loved _terieis amado_, you should have loved _terião amado_, they should have loved.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que ame_, that I may love _ames_, that thou mayest love _ame_, that he may love _amemos_, that we may love _ameis_, that you may love _amem_, that they may love.

_Imperfect._ _que amára_, that I might love _amáras_, that thou mightst love _amára_, that he might love _amáramos_, that we might love _amáreis_, that you might love _amárão_, that they might love.

_Past definite._ _que amasse_, that I may have loved _amasses_, that thou mayest have loved _amasse_, that he may have loved _amassemos_, that we may have loved _amasseis_, that you may have loved _amassem_, that they may have loved.

_Past indefinite._ _que tenha amado_, that I may have loved _tenhas amado_, that thou mayest have loved _tenha amado_, that he may have loved _tenhamos amado_, that we may have loved _tenhais amado_, that you may have loved _tenhão amado_, that they may have loved.

_Pluperfect._ _que tivesse amado_, that I might have loved _tivesses amado_, that thou mightst have loved _tivesse amado_, that he might have loved _tivessemos amado_, that we might have loved _tivesseis amado_, that you might have loved _tivessem amado_, that they might have loved.

_Future._ _que amar_, when I shall love _amares_, when thou shalt love _amar_, when he shall love _amarmos_, when we shall love _amardes_, when you shall love _amarem_, when they shall love.

_Compound Future._ _que haja de amar_, that I shall love _hajas de amar_, that thou shalt love _haja de amar_, that he shall love _hajamos de amar_, that we shall love _hajais de amar_, that you shall love _hajão de amar_, that they shall love.

_Future past._ _que tiver amado_, when I shall have loved _tiveres amado_, when thou shalt have loved _tiver amado_, when he shall have loved _tivermos amado_, when we shall have loved _tiverdes amado_, when you shall have loved _tiverem amado_, when they shall have loved.

=Imperative.=

_ama tu_, love thou _ame elle_, let him love _amemos nós_, let us love _amai vós_, love ye _amem elles_, let them love.

8.

=SECOND CONJUGATION.=

=Receber=, to receive.

=Infinitive Mood.=

_Present._ _receber_, to receive. _Past._ _ter recebido_, to have received. _Gerund._ _recebendo_, receiving. _Participles._ _recebido_, -_a_, received.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu recebo_, I receive _tu recebes_, thou receivest _elle recebe_, he receives _nós recebemos_, we receive _vós recebeis_, you receive _elles recebem_, they receive.

_Imperfect._ _recebia_, I received _recebias_, thou receivedst _recebia_, he received _recebiamos_, we received _recebieis_, you received _recebião_, they received.

_Past definite._ _recebi_, I have received _recebeste_, thou hast received _recebeo_, he has received _recebémos_, we have received _recebestes_, you have received _receberão_, they have received.

_Past indefinite._ _tenho recebido_, I have received _tens recebido_, thou hast received _tem recebido_, he has received _temos recebido_, we have received _tendes recebido_, you have rec. _tem recebido_, they have received.

_Past anterior._ _recebera_, I had received _receberas_, thou hadst received _recebera_, he had received _receberamos_, we had received _recebereis_, you had received _receberão_, they had received.

_Pluperfect._ _tinha recebido_, I had received _tinhas recebido_, thou hadst rec. _tinha recebido_, he had received _tinhamos recebido_, we had rec. _tinheis recebido_, you had rec. _tinhão recebido_, they had rec.

_Future._ _receberei_, I shall receive _receberás_, thou shalt receive _receberá_, he shall receive _receberemos_, we shall receive _recebereis_, you shall receive _receberão_, they shall receive.

_Future anterior._ _hei de receber_, I shall receive _has de receber_, thou shall rec. _ha de receber_, he shall rec. _havemos de receber_, we shall rec. _haveis de receber_, you shall rec. _hão de receber_, they shall rec.

_Future past._ _terei recebido_, I shall have rec. _terás recebido_, thou shalt have rec. _terá recebido_, he shall have rec. _teremos recebido_, we shall have rec. _tereis recebido_, you shall have rec. _terão recebido_, they shall have rec.

=Conditional.=

_receberia_, I should receive _receberias_, thou shouldst receive _receberia_, he should receive _receberiamos_, we should receive _receberieis_, you should receive _receberião_, they should receive.

=Conditional past.=

_teria recebido_, I should have received _terias recebido_, thou shouldst have received _teria recebido_, he should have received _teriamos recebido_, we should have received _terieis recebido_, you should have received _terião recebido_, they should have received.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que receba_, that I may receive _recebas_, that thou mayest receive _receba_, that he may receive _recebamos_, that we may receive _recebais_, that you may receive _recebão_, that they may receive.

_Imperfect._ _que recebéra_, that I might receive _recebéras_, that thou mightst receive _recebéra_, that he might receive _recebéremos_, that we might receive _recebéreis_, that you might receive _recebérão_, that they might receive.

_Past definite._ _que recebesse_, that I may have received _recebesses_, that thou mayest have received _recebesse_, that he may have received _recebessemos_, that we may have received _recebesseis_, that you may have received _recebessem_, that they may have received.

_Past indefinite._ _que tenha recebido_, that I may have received _tenhas recebido_, that thou mayest have received _tenha recebido_, that he may have received _tenhamos recebido_, that we may have received _tenhais recebido_, that you may have received _tenhão recebido_, that they may have received.

_Pluperfect._ _que tivesse recebido_, that I might have received _tivesses recebido_, that thou mightst have received _tivesse recebido_, that he might have received _tivessemos recebido_, that we might have received _tivesseis recebido_, that you might have received _tivessem recebido_, that they might have received.

_Future._ _quando receber_, when I shall receive _receberes_, when thou shalt receive _receber_, when he shall receive _recebermos_, when we shall receive _receberdes_, when you shall receive _receberem_, when they shall receive.

_Compound Future._ _que haja de receber_, that I shall receive _hajas de receber_, that thou shalt receive _haja de receber_, that he shall receive _hajamos de receber_, that we shall receive _hajais de receber_, that you shall receive _hajão de receber_, that they shall receive.

_Future past._ _quando tiver recebido_, when I shall have received _tiveres recebido_, when thou shalt have received _tiver recebido_, when he shall have received _tivermos recebido_, when we shall have received _tiverdes recebido_, when you shall have received _tiverem recebido_, when they shall have received.

=Imperative Mood.=

_recebe tu_, receive thou _receba elle_, let him receive _recebamos nós_, let us receive _recebei vós_, receive ye _recebão_, let them receive.

9.

THIRD CONJUGATION.

=Partir, to divide.=

=Infinitive Mood.=

_Present._ _partir_, to divide. _Past._ _ter partido_, to have divided. _Gerund._ _partindo_, dividing. _Participles._ _partido_, _partida_, divided.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _parto_, I divide _partes_, thou dividest _parte_, he divides _partimos_, we divide _partis_, you divide _partem_, they divide.

_Imperfect._ _partia_, I divided _partias_, thou dividedst _partia_, he divided _partiamos_, we divided _partieis_, you divided _partião_, they divided.

_Past definite._ _parti_, I have divided _partiste_, thou hast divided _partio_, he has divided _partimos_, we have divided _partistes_, you have divided _partirão_, they have divided.

_Past indefinite._ _tenho partido_, I have divided _tens partido_, thou hast divided _tem partido_, he has divided _temos partido_, we have divided _tendes partido_, you have divided _tem partido_, they have divided.

_Past anterior._ _partira_, I had divided _partiras_, thou hadst divided _partira_, he had divided _partiramos_, we had divided _partireis_, you had divided _partirão_, they had divided.

_Pluperfect._ _tinha partido_, I had divided _tinhas partido_, thou hadst divided _tinha partido_, he had divided _tinhamos partido_, we had divided _tinheis partido_, you had divided _tinhão partido_, they had divided.

_Future._ _partirei_, I shall divide _partirás_, thou shalt divide _partirá_, he shall divide _partiremos_, we shall divide _partireis_, you shall divide _partirão_, they shall divide.

_Future anterior._ _hei de partir_, I shall divide _has de partir_, thou shalt divide _ha de partir_, he shall divide _havemos de partir_, we shall divide _haveis de partir_, you shall divide _hão de partir_, they shall divide.

_Future past._ _terei partido_, I shall have divided _terás partido_, thou shalt have divided _terá partido_, he shall have divided _teremos partido_, we shall have divided _tereis partido_, you shall have divided _terão partido_, they shall have divided.

=Conditional.=

_partiria_, I should divide _partirias_, thou shouldst divide _partiria_, he should divide _partiriamos_, we should divide _partirieis_, you should divide _partirião_, they should divide.

=Conditional past.=

_teria partido_, I should have divided _terias partido_, thou shouldst have divided _teria partido_, he should have divided _teriamos partido_, we should have divided _terieis partido_, you should have divided _terião partido_, they should have divided.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que parta_, that I may divide _partas_, that thou mayest divide _parta_, that he may divide _partamos_, that we may divide _partais_, that you may divide _partão_, that they may divide.

_Imperfect._ _que partira_, that I might divide _partiras_, that thou mightst divide _partira_, that he might divide _partiramos_, that we might divide _partireis_, that you might divide _partirão_, that they might divide.

_Past definite._ _que partisse_, that I may have divided _partisses_, that thou mayest have divided _partisse_, that he may have divided _partissemos_, that we may have divided _partisseis_, that you may have divided _partissem_, that they may have divided.

_Past indefinite._ _que tenha partido_, that I may have divided _tenhas partido_, that thou mayest have divided _tenha partido_, that he may have divided _tenhamos partido_, that we may have divided _tenhais partido_, that you may have divided _tenhão partido_, that they may have divided.

_Pluperfect._ _que tivesse partido_, that I might have divided _tivesses partido_, that thou mightst have divided _tivesse partido_, that he might have divided _tivessemos partido_, that we might have divided _tivesseis partido_, that you might have divided _tivessem partido_, that they might have divided.

_Future._ _quando partir_, when I shall divide _partires_, when thou shalt divide _partir_, when he shall divide _partirmos_, when we shall divide _partirdes_, when you shall divide _partirem_, when they shall divide.

_Compound Future._ _que haja de partir_, that I shall divide _hajas de partir_, that thou shalt divide _haja de partir_, that he shall divide _hajamos de partir_, that we shall divide _hajais de partir_, that you shall divide _hajão de partir_, that they shall divide.

_Future past._ _quando tiver partido_, when I shall have divided _tiveres partido_, when thou shalt have divided _tiver partido_, when he shall have divided _tivermos partido_, when we shall have divided _tiverdes partido_, when you shall have divided _tiverem partido_, when they shall have divided.

=Imperative Mood.=

_parte tu_, divide thou _parta elle_, let him divide _partamos nós_, let us divide _parti vós_, divide ye _partão elles_, let them divide.

10.

=The Passive Verbs.=

The Passive Verb is conjugated in all its tenses by the Auxiliary Verb “_ser_” to be, to become, to which is added the Participle of the Passive Verb, as:

_sou amado_ I am loved _tu es amado_ thou art loved _serei amado_ I shall be loved _eu seria amado_ I should be loved.

11.

=The Neuter Verbs.=

are conjugated with the Auxiliary Verb “_ter_” to have, as:

_tenho dormido_ — I have slept _tenho cahido_ — I have fallen _eu tenho chegado_ — I have arrived.

They are otherwise conjugated like the Active Verbs: _amar_, _receber_, _partir_.

12.

=The Reflective Verbs.=

are conjugated with “_ter_” and the Pronouns

_me_, me _te_, thee _se_, it _nos_, we _vos_, you.

=Lembrar-se=, to remember.

=Infinitive Mood.=

_Present. lembrar-se_, to remember. _Past. ter-se lembrado_, to have remembered. _Gerund. lembrando-se_, remembering. _Participle. lembrado_, _lembrada_, remembered.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu me lembro_, I remember _tu te lembras_, thou rememberst _elle se rembra_, he remembers _nós nos lembramos_, we remember _vós vos lembrais_, you remember _elles se lembrão_, they remember.

_Imperfect._ _eu me lembrava_, I remembered _tu te lembravas_, thou rememberedst _elle se lembrava_, he remembered _nós nos lembravamos_, we remembered _vós vos lembraveis_, you remembered _elles se lembravão_, they remembered.

_Past definite._ _eu me lembrei_, I have remembered _tu te lembraste_, thou hast remembered _elle se lembrou_, he has remembered _nós nos lembramos_, we have remembered _vós vos lembrastes_, you have remembered _elles se lembrárão_, they have remembered.

_Past indefinite._ _eu me tenho lembrado_, I have remembered _tu te tens lembrado_, thou hast remembered _elle se tem lembrado_, he has remembered _nós nos temos lembrado_, we have remembered _vós vos tendes lembrado_, you have remembered _elles se tem lembrado_, they have remembered.

_Past anterior._ _eu me lembrára_, I had remembered _tu te lembráras_, thou hadst remembered _elle se lembrára_, he had remembered _nós nos lembráramos_, we had remembered _vós vos lembráreis_, you had remembered _elles se lembrárão_, they had remembered.

_Pluperfect._ _eu me tinha lembrado_, I had remembered _tu te tinhas lembrado_, thou hadst remembered _elle se tinha lembrado_, he had remembered _nós nos tinhamos lembrado_, we had remembered _vós vos tinheis lembrado_, you had remembered _elles se tinhão lembrado_, they had remembered.

_Future._ _eu me lembrarei_, I shall remember _tu te lembrarás_, thou shalt remember _elle se lembrará_, he shall remember _nós nos lembraremos_, we shall remember _vós vos lembrareis_, you shall remember _elles se lembrarão_, they shall remember.

_Future anterior._ _eu me hei de lembrar_, I shall remember _tu te has de lembrar_, thou shalt remember _elle se ha de lembrar_, he shall remember _nós nos havemos de lembrar_, we shall remember _vós vos haveis de lembrar_, you shall remember _elles se hão de lembrar_, they shall remember.

_Future past._ _eu me terei lembrado_, I shall have remembered _tu te terás lembrado_, thou shalt have remembered _elle se terá lembrado_, he shall have remembered _nós nos teremos lembrado_, we shall have remembered _vós vos tereis lembrado_, you shall have remembered _elles se terão lembrado_, they shall have remembered.

=Conditional.=

_eu me lembraria_, I should remember _tu te lembrarias_, thou shouldst remember _elle se lembraria_, he should remember _nós nos lembrariamos_, we should remember _vós vos lembrarieis_, you should remember _elles se lembrarião_, they should remember.

=Conditional past.=

_eu me teria lembrado_, I should have remembered _tu te terias lembrado_, thou shouldst have remembered _elle se teria lembrado_, he should have remembered _nós nos teriamos lembrado_, we should have remembered _vós vos terieis lembrado_, you should have remembered _elles se terião lembrado_, they should have remembered.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu me lembre_, that I may remember _tu te lembres_, that thou mayest remember _elle se lembre_, that he may remember _nós nos lembremos_, that we may remember _vós vos lembreis_, that you may remember _elles se lembrem_, that they may remember.

_Imperfect._ _que eu me lembrasse_, that I might remember _tu te lembrasses_, that thou mightst remember _elle se lembrasse_, that he might remember _nós nos lembrassemos_, that we might remember _vós vos lembrasseis_, that you might remember _elles se lembrassem_, that they might remember.

_Past indefinite._ _que eu me tenha lembrado_ } _tu te tenhas lembrado_ } _elle se tenha lembrado_ } that I may have remembered. _nós nos tenhamos lembrado_ } _vós vos tenhais lembrado_ } _elles se tenhão lembrado_ }

_Pluperfect._ _que eu me tivesse lembrado_ } _tu te tivesses lembrado_ } _elle se tivesse lembrado_ } that I might have remembered. _nós nos tivessemos lembrado_ } _vós vos tivesseis lembrado_ } _elles se tivessem lembrado_ }

_Future._ _quando eu me lembrar_ } _tu te lembrares_ } _elle se lembrar_ } _nós nos lembrarmos_ } when I shall remember. _vós vos lembrardes_ } _elles se lembrarem_ }

_Compound Future._ _que eu me haja de lembrar_ } _tu te hajas de lembrar_ } _elle se haja de lembrar_ } _nós nos hajamos de lembrar_ } that I shall remember. _vós vos hajeis de lembrar_ } _elles se hajão de lembrar_ }

_Future past._ _quando eu me tiver lembrado_ } _tu te tiveres lembrado_ } _elle se tiver lembrado_ } when I shall have remembered. _nós nos tivermos lembrado_ } _vós vos tiverdes lembrado_ } _elles se tiverem lembrado_ }

=Imperative Mood.=

_lembra-te tu_, remember thou _lembre-se elle_, let him remember _lembremos-nos nós_, let us remember _lembrai-vos vós_, remember ye _lembrem-se elles_, let them remember.

=Observ.= In all the simple tenses of the Indicative Mood, is it unimportant whether the Pronouns _me_, _te_, _se_, _nos_, _vos_ stand before or after the Verb, and one may therefore say either: _eu me lembro_, or _eu lembro-me_, _eu me lembrava_ and _eu lembrava-me_, but in the compound tenses as well as in the Subjunctive and Imperative Mood they must stand before the Verb, as: _eu me tenho lembrado_, _que eu me lembre_, _que eu me lembrasse_.

13.

=Irregular Verbs.=

=FIRST CONJUGATION.=

1. =Dar, to give.=[544]

[544] Only the irregular tenses are given, the others are conjugated in the regular manner.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu dou_, I give _tu dás_, thou givest _elle dá_, he gives _nós damos_, we give _vós dais_, you give _elles dão_, they give.

_Past definite._ _eu dei_, I have given _tu déste_, thou hast given _elle deo_, he has given _nós demos_, we have given _vós déstes_, you have given _elles dérão_, they have given.

_Past anterior._ _eu dera_, I had given _tu deras_, thou hadst given _elle dera_, he had given _nós deramos_, we had given _vós dereis_, you had given _elles derão_, they had given.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu dê_, that I may give _tu dês_, that thou mayest give _elle dê_, that he may give _nós dêmos_, that we may give _vós deis_, that you may give _elles dem_, that they may give.

_Imperfect._ _que eu dera_, that I might give _tu deras_, that thou mightst give _elle dera_, that he might give _nós deramos_, that we might give _vós dereis_, that you might give _elles derão_, that they might give.

_Past._ _que eu désse_, that I may have given _tu désses_, that thou mayest have given _elle désse_, that he may have given _nós dessemos_, that we may have given _vós desseis_, that you may have given _elles dessem_, that they may have given.

_Future._ _quando eu der_, when I shall give _tu deres_, when thou shalt give _elle der_, when he shall give _nós dermos_, when we shall give _vós derdes_, when you shall give _elles derem_, when they shall give.

=2. The Verbs ending in “car”=

have no other irregularity than that they change the _c_ every time into _qu_, if an _e_ follows in the conjugation, as:

_ficar_, to remain, _fiquei_ (not _ficei_), I have remained, _que eu figue_ (not _fice_), that I may remain;

this irregularity is only maintained for the purpose of keeping the same pronunciation for the Verb throughout, which would otherwise not be the case.

=3. The Verbs ending in “gar”=

change the _g_, if followed by an _e_, into _gu_, for the sake of Pronunciation.

=4. The Verbs ending in “iar”=

take an _e_ before _i_ in all persons of the Indicative Mood, as:

_premiar_, to reward, _premeio_, _premeias_, _premeia_, _premeiamos_ etc.

14.

=SECOND CONJUGATION.=

=5. Dizer, to say.=

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu digo_, I say _tu dizes_, thou sayest _elle diz_, he says _nós dizemos_, we say _vós dizeis_, you say _elles dizem_, they say.

_Past definite._ _eu disse_, I have said _tu disseste_, thou hast said _elle disse_, he has said _nós dissemos_, we have said _vós dissestes_, you have said _elles disserão_, they have said.

_Past anterior._ _eu dissera_, I had said _tu disseras_, thou hadst said _elle dissera_, he had said _nós disseramos_, we had said _vós disserais_, you had said _elles disserão_, they had said.

_Future._ _eu direi_, I shall say _tu dirás_, thou shalt say _elle dirá_, he shall say _nós diremos_, we shall say _vós direis_, you shall say _elles dirão_, they shall say.

=Conditional.=

_eu diria_, I would say _tu dirias_, thou wouldst say _elle diria_, he would say _nós diriamos_, we would say _vós dirieis_, you would say _elles dirião_, they would say.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu diga_, that I may say _tu digas_, that thou mayest say _elle diga_, that he may say _nós digamos_, that we may say _vós digais_, that you may say _elles digão_, that they may say.

_Imperfect._ _que eu dissera_, that I might say _tu disseras_, that thou mightst say _elle dissera_, that he might say _nós disseramos_, that we might say _vós disserais_, that you might say _elles disserão_, that they might say.

_Past._ _que eu dissesse_, that I may have said _tu dissesses_, that thou mayest have said _elle dissesse_, that he may have said _nós dissessemos_, that we may have said _vós dissesseis_, that you may have said _elles dissessem_, that they may have said.

_Future._ _quando eu disser_, when I shall say _tu disseres_, when thou shalt say _elle disser_, when he shall say _nós dissermos_, when we shall say _vós disserdes_, when you shall say _elles disserem_, when they shall say.

=Imperative Mood.=

_dize-tu_, say thou _diga-elle_, let him say _digamos-nós_, let us say _dizei-vós_, say ye _digão-elles_, let them say.

=Participle=: _dito_, _dita_, said.

All Verbs composed of _dizer_ are conjugated in the same manner, as: _contradizer_, _desdizer_, etc.

6. =Fazer=, to do, to make.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu faço_, I do _tu fazes_, thou doest _elle faz_, he does _nós fazemos_, we do _vós fazeis_, you do _elles fazem_, they do.

_Past definite._ _eu fiz_, I have done _tu fizeste_, thou hast done _elle fez_, he has done _nós fizemos_, we have done _vós fizestes_, you have done _elles fizerão_, they have done.

_Pluperfect._ _eu fizera_, I had done _tu fizeras_, thou hadst done _elle fizera_, he had done _nós fizeramos_, we had done _vós fizereis_, you had done _elles fizerão_, they had done.

_Future._ _eu farei_, I shall do _tu farás_, thou shalt do _elle fará_, he shall do _nós faremos_, we shall do _vós fareis_, you shall do _elles farão_, they shall do.

=Conditional.=

_eu faria_, I would do _tu farias_, thou wouldst do _elle faria_, he would do _nós fariamos_, we would do _vós farieis_, you would do _elles farião_, they would do.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu faça_, that I may do _tu faças_, that thou mayest do _elle faça_, that he may do _nós façamos_, that we may do _vós façais_, that you may do _elles fação_, that they may do.

_Imperfect._ _que eu fizera_, that I might do _tu fizeras_, that thou mightst do _elle fizera_, that he might do _nós fizeramos_, that we might do _vós fizerais_, that you might do _elles fizerão_, that they might do.

_Perfect._ _que eu fizesse_, that I may have done _tu fizesses_, that thou mayest have done _elle fizesse_, that he may have done _nós fizéssemos_, that we may have done _vós fizesseis_, that you may have done _elles fizessem_, that they may have done.

_Future._ _quando eu fizer_, when I shall do _tu fizeres_, when thou shalt do _elle fizer_, when he shall do _nós fizermos_, when we shall do _vós fizerdes_, when you shall do _elles fizerem_, when they shall do.

=Imperative Mood.=

_faze-tu_, do thou _faça elle_, let him do _façamos-nós_, let us do _fazei-vós_, do ye _fação elles_, let them do.

=Participle=: _feito_, _feita_, done.

7. =Poder=, to be able to, can.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu posso_, I can _tu podes_, thou canst _elle póde_, he can _nós podemos_, we can _vós podeis_, you can _elles podem_, they can.

_Perfect._ _eu pude_, I have been able _tu pudeste_, thou hast been able _elle pode_, he has been able _nós pudemos_, we have been able _vós pudestes_, you have been able _elles puderão_, they have been able.

_Pluperfect._ _eu pudera_, I had been able _tu puderas_, thou hadst been able _elle pudera_, he had been able _nós puderamos_, we have been able _vós pudereis_, you had been able _elle puderão_, they had been able.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu possa_, that I may be able _tu possas_, that thou mayest be able _elle possa_, that he may be able _nós possamos_, that we may be able _vós possais_, that you may be able _elles possão_, that they may be able.

_Imperfect._ _que eu pudera_, that I might be able _tu puderas_, that thou mightst be able _elle pudera_, that he might be able _nós puderamos_, that we might be able _vós pudereis_, that you might be able _elles puderão_, that they might be able.

_Perfect._ _que eu pudesse_, that I may have been able _tu pudesses_, that thou mayest have been able _elle pudesse_, that he may have been able _nós pudessemos_, that we may have been able _vós pudesseis_, that you may have been able _elles pudessem_, that they may have been able.

_Future._ _quando eu puder_, if I could be able _tu puderes_, if thou couldst be able _elle puder_, if he could be able _nós pudermos_, if we could be able _vós puderdes_, if you could be able _elles puderem_, if they could be able.

8. =Querer=, to wish, to will.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu quero_, I wish _tu queres_, thou wishest _elle quer_, he wishes _nós queremos_, we wish _vós quereis_, you wish _elles querem_, they wish.

_Perfect._ _eu quiz_, I have wished _tu quizeste_, thou hast wished _elle quiz_, he has wished _nós quizemos_, we have wished _vós quizestes_, you have wished _elles quizerão_, they have wished.

_Pluperfect._ _eu quizera_, I had wished _tu quizeras_, thou hadst wished _elle quizera_, he had wished _nós quizeramos_, we had wished _vós quizereis_, you had wished _elles quizerão_, they had wished.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu queira_, that I may wish _tu queiras_, that thou mayest wish _elle queira_, that he may wish _nós queiramos_, that we may wish _vós queirais_, that you may wish _elles queirão_, that they may wish.

_Imperfect._ _que eu quizera_, that I might wish _tu quizeras_, that thou mightst wish _elle quizera_, that he might wish _nós quizeramos_, that we might wish _vós quizereis_, that you might wish _elles quizerão_, that they might wish.

_Perfect._ _que eu quizesse_, that I may have wished _tu quizesses_, that thou mayest have wished _elle quizesse_, that he may have wished _nós quizessemos_, that we may have wished _vós quizesseis_, that you may have wished _elles quizessem_, that they may have wished.

_Future._ _quando eu quizer_, when I shall wish _tu quizeres_, when thou shalt wish _elle quizer_, when he shall wish _nós quizermos_, when we shall wish _vós quizerdes_, when you shall wish _elles quizerem_, when they shall wish.

=Imperative Mood.=

_queiras tu_, wish thou _queira elle_, let him wish _queiramos nós_, let us wish _queirais vós_, wish ye _queirão elles_, let them wish.

9. =Saber=, to know.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu sei_, I know _tu sabes_, thou knowest _elle sabe_, he knows _nós sabemos_, we know _vós sabeis_, you know _elles sabem_, they know.

_Perfect._ _eu soube_, I have known _tu soubeste_, thou hast known _elle soube_, he has known _nós soubemos_, we have known _vós soubestes_, you have known _elles souberão_, they have known.

_Pluperfect._ _eu soubera_, I had known _tu souberas_, thou hadst known _elle soubera_, he had known _nós souberamos_, we had known _vós soubereis_, you had known _elles souberão_, they had known.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu saiba_, that I may know _tu saibas_, that thou mayest know _elle saiba_, that he may know _nós saibamos_, that we may know _vós saibais_, that you may know _elles saibão_, that they may know.

_Imperfect._ _que eu soubera_, that I might know _tu souberas_, that thou mightst know _elle soubera_, that he might know _nós souberamos_, that we might know _vós soubereis_, that you might know _elles souberão_, that they might know.

_Future._ _quando eu souber_, when I shall know _tu souberes_, when thou shalt know _elle souber_, when he shall know _nós soubermos_, when we shall know _vós souberdes_, when you shall know _elles souberem_, when they shall know.

=Imperative Mood.=

_sabe tu_, know thou _saiba elle_, let him know _saibamos nós_, let us know _saibei vós_, know ye _saibão elles_, let them know.

10. =Trazer=, to carry, to fetch.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu trago_, I carry _tu trazes_, thou carriest _elle traz_, he carries _nós trazemos_, we carry _vós trazeis_, you carry _elles trazem_, they carry.

_Perfect._ _eu trouxe_, I have carried _tu trouxeste_, thou hast carried _elle trouxe_, he has carried _nós trouxemos_, we have carried _vós trouxestes_, you have carried _elles trouxerão_, they have carried.

_Pluperfect._ _eu trouxera_, I had carried _tu trouxeras_, thou hadst carried _elle trouxera_, he had carried _nós trouxeramos_, we had carried _vós trouxereis_, you had carried _elles trouxerão_, they had carried.

_Future._ _eu trarei_, I shall carry _tu trarás_, thou shalt carry _elle trará_, he shall carry _nós traremos_, we shall carry _vós trareis_, you shall carry _elles trarão_, they shall carry.

=Conditional.=

_eu traria_, I should carry _tu trarias_, thou shouldst carry _elle traria_, he should carry _nós trariamos_, we should carry _vós trarieis_, you should carry _elles trarião_, they should carry.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu traga_, that I may carry _tu tragas_, that thou mayest carry _elle traga_, that he may carry _nós tragamos_, that we may carry _vós tragais_, that you may carry _elles tragão_, that they may carry.

_Imperfect._ _que eu trouxera_, that I might carry _tu trouxeras_, that thou mightst carry _elle trouxera_, that he might carry _nós trouxeramos_, that we might carry _vós trouxereis_, that you might carry _elles trouxerão_, that they might carry.

_Perfect._ _que eu trouxesse_, that I may have carried _tu trouxesses_, that thou mayest have carried _elle trouxesse_, that he may have carried _nós trouxessemos_, that we may have carried _vós trouxesseis_, that you may have carried _elles trouxessem_, that they may have carried.

_Future._ _quando eu trouxer_, when I shall carry _tu trouxeres_, when thou shalt carry _elle trouxer_, when he shall carry _nós trouxermos_, when we shall carry _vós trouxerdes_, when you shall carry _elles trouxerem_, when they shall carry.

=Imperative Mood.=

_traze tu_, carry thou _traga elle_, let him carry _tragamos_, let us carry _trazei vós_, carry ye _tragão elles_, let them carry.

11. =Ver, to see.=

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu vejo_, I see _tu vês_, thou seest _elle vê_, he sees _nós vemos_, we see _vós vedes_, you see _elles vêm_, they see.

_Imperfect._ _eu vi_, I have seen _tu viste_, thou hast seen _elle vio_, he has seen _nós vimos_, we have seen _vós vistes_, you have seen _elles virão_, they have seen.

_Pluperfect._ _eu vira_, I had seen _tu viras_, thou hadst seen _elle vira_, he had seen _nós viramos_, we had seen _vós vireis_, you had seen _elles virão_, they had seen.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu veja_, that I may see _tu vejas_, that thou mayest see _elle veja_, that he may see _nós vejamos_, that we may see _vós vejais_, that you may see _elles vejão_, that they may see.

_Imperfect._ _que eu vira_, that I might see _tu viras_, that thou mightst see _elle vira_, that he might see _nós viramos_, that we might see _vós virais_, that you might see _elles virem_, that they might see.

_Perfect._ _que eu visse_, that I may have seen _tu visses_, that thou mayest have seen _elle visse_, that he may have seen _nós vissemos_, that we may have seen _vós visseis_, that you may have seen _elles vissem_, that they may have seen.

_Future._ _quando eu vir_, when I shall see _tu vires_, when thou shalt see _elle vir_, when he shall see _nós virmos_, when we shall see _vós virdes_, when you shall see _elles virem_, when they shall see.

=Imperative Mood.=

_vê tu_, see thou _veja elle_, let him see _vejamos nós_, let us see _vede vós_, see ye _vejão elles_, let them see.

=Participle=: _visto_, _vista_, seen.

The Verbs composed of _ver_, are conjugated in the same manner, as:

_prever_, _rever_, _antever_.

12. =Perder=, to lose.

The irregularity of this Verb consists in the following tenses changing the _d_ into _c_.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _perco_, I lose _perdes_, thou losest _perde_, he loses _perdemos_, we lose _perdeis_, you lose _perdem_, they lose.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu perca_, that I may lose _tu percas_, that thou mayest lose _elle perca_, that he may lose _nós percamos_, that we may lose _vós percais_, that you may lose _elles percão_, that they may lose.

=Imperative Mood.=

_perde tu_, lose thou _perca elle_, let him lose _percamos nós_, let us lose _perdei vós_, lose ye _percão elles_, let them lose.

13. =Valer, to be worth,=

changes _l_ into _lh_, in the following tenses.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu valho_, I am worth _tu vales_ } _elle vale_ } _nós valemos_ } regular _vós valeis_ } _elles valem_ }

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu valha_, that I may be worth _tu valhas_, that thou mayest be worth _elle valha_, that he may be worth _nós valhamos_, that we may be worth _vós valhais_, that you may be worth _elles valhão_, that they may be worth.

=Imperative Mood.=

_vale tu_, be thou worth _valha elle_, let him be worth _valhamos_, let us be worth _valei vós_, be ye worth _valhão elles_, let them be worth.

14. =Ler, to read.=

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu leio_, I read _tu lês_, thou readest _elle lê_, he reads _nós lemos_, we read _vós ledes_, you read _elles lêm_, they read.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu lêia_, that I may read _tu lêias_, that thou mayest read _elle lêia_, that he may read _nós lêiamos_, that we may read _vós lêiais_, that you may read _elles lêião_, that they may read.

=Imperative Mood.=

_lê tu_, read thou _lêia elle_, let him read _lêiamos_, let us read _lede vós_, read ye _lêião elles_, let them read.

The Verb “_crer_” to believe, is conjugated in the same manner.

=15. The Verbs ending in “ger”=

change _g_ into _j_ in all persons when it is followed by _o_ or _a_, for the sake of pronunciation. As:

_eleger_, to elect; _elejo_, _que eu eleja_, etc.

15. =THIRD CONJUGATION.=

=16. Ir, to go.=

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu vou_, I go _tu vas_, thou goest _elle vai_, he goes _nós vamos_, we go _vós ides_, you go _elles vão_, they go.

_Imperfect._ _eu hia_, I went _tu hias_, thou wentest _elle hia_, he went _nós hiamos_, we went _vós hieis_, you went _elles hião_, they went.

_Perfect._ _eu fui_, I have gone (like the Perfect of “_ser_” to be).

_Pluperfect._ _eu fora_, I had gone (like the Pluperfect of “_ser_”).

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu vá_, that I may go _tu vás_, that thou mayest go _elle vá_, that he may go _nós vámos_, that we may go _vos vades_, that you may go _elles vão_, that they may go.

_Imperfect._ _que eu fora_, that I might go _tu foras_, that thou mightst go _elle fora_, that he might go _nós foramos_, that we might go _vós foreis_, that you might go _elles forão_, that they might go.

_Perfect._ _que eu fosse_, that I may have gone (like “_ser_”).

_Future._ _quando eu for_, when I shall go (like “_ser_”).

=Imperative Mood.=

_vai tu_, go thou _vá elle_, let him go _vamos_, let us go _ide vós_, go ye _vão elles_, let them go.

17. =Vir, to come.=

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu venho_, I come _tu vens_, thou comest _elle vem_, he comes _nós vimos_, we come _vós vindes_, you come _elles vem_, they come.

_Imperfect._ _eu vinha_, I came _tu vinhas_, thou camest _elle vinha_, he came _nós vinhamos_, we came _vós vinheis_, you came _elles vinhão_, they came.

_Perfect._ _eu vim_, I have come _tu vieste_, thou hast come _elle veio_, he has come _nós viemos_, we have come _vós viestes_, you have come _elles vierão_, they have come.

_Pluperfect._ _eu viera_, I had come _tu vieras_, thou hadst come _elle viera_, he had come _nós vieramos_, we had come _vós viereis_, you had come _elles vierão_, they had come.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu venha_, that I may come _tu venhas_, that thou mayest come _elle venha_, that he may come _nós venhamos_, that we may come _vós venhais_, that you may come _elles venhão_, that they may come.

_Imperfect._ _que eu viera_, that I might come _tu vieras_, that thou mightst come _elle viera_, that he might come _nós vieramos_, that we might come _vós viereis_, that you might come _elles vierão_, that they might come.

_Perfect._ _que eu viesse_, that I may have come _tu viesses_, that thou mayest have come _elle viesse_, that he may have come _nós viessemos_, that we may have come _vós viesseis_, that you may have come _elles viessem_, that they may have come.

_Future._ _quando eu vier_, when I shall come _tu vieres_, when thou shalt come _elle vier_, when he shall come _nós viermos_, when we shall come _vós vierdes_, when you shall come _elles vierem_, when they shall come.

=Imperative Mood.=

_vem tu_, come thou _venha elle_, let him come _venhamos_, let us come _vinde vós_, come ye _venhão elles_, let them come.

=Participle=: _vindo_, _vinda_, come.

18. =Pedir=, to request,

changes _d_ in _ç_ in the following persons.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu peço_, I request (the other persons are regular:

_pedes_, _pede_, etc.).

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu peça_, that I may request _tu peças_, that thou mayest request _elle peça_, that he may request _nós peçamos_, that we may request _vós peçais_, that you may request _elles peção_, that they may request.

=Imperative Mood.=

_pede tu_, request thou _peça elle_, let him request _peçamos nós_, let us request _pedi vós_, request ye _peção elles_, let them request.

“_Medir_” to measure, is conjugated in the same manner.

19. =Rir, to laugh.=

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu rio_, I laugh _tu ris_, thou laughest _elle ri_, he laughs _nós rimos_, we laugh _vós rides_, you laugh _elles rim_, they laugh.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu ria_, that I may laugh _tu rias_, that thou mayest laugh _elle ria_, that he may laugh _nós riamos_, that we may laugh _vós riais_, that you may laugh _elles rião_, that they may laugh.

=Imperative Mood.=

_ri tu_, laugh thou _ria elle_, let him laugh _riamos_, let us laugh _ride vós_, laugh ye _rião elles_, let them laugh.

20. The Verbs ending in “=gir=”

change the _g_ into _j_ in all persons where _g_ is followed by _o_ or _a_.

21. The Verbs ending in “=uzir=”

drop the final _e_ in the third person Singular of the Present, as: _conduz_ (not _conduze_), _induz_ (not _induze_).

22. The Verbs ending in “=hir=”

change _hi_ into _i_ in the following persons.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu saio_, I go out

(the others are regular: _sahes_, _sahe_, _sahimos_, etc.).

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu saia_, that I may go out _tu saias_, that thou mayest go out _elle saia_, that he may go out _nós saiamos_, that we may go out _vós saiais_, that you may go out _elles saião_, that they may go out.

=Imperative Mood.=

_sahe tu_, go thou out _saia elle_, let him go out _saiamos nós_, let us go out _sahi vós_, go ye out _saião elles_, let them go out.

23. =Subir, to mount,=

changes _u_ into _o_, in the second person Singular, third person Singular and Plural of the Present, and in the second person of the Imperative, as:

_sobes_, _sobe_, _sobem_, _sobe tu_.

24. =Mentir, to lie,=

changes _e_ into _i_ in the following persons.

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu minto_, I lie (_tu mentes_, _elle mente_).

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu minta_, that I may lie _tu mintas_, that thou mayest lie _elle minta_, that he may lie _nós mintamos_, that we may lie _vós mintais_, that you may lie _elles mintão_, that they may lie.

=Imperative Mood.=

_mente tu_, lie thou _minta elle_, let him lie _mintamos nós_, let us lie _menti vós_, lie ye _mintão elles_, let them lie.

The same irregularities occur in _sentir_, to feel _servir_, to serve _ferir_, to wound.

25. =Dormir, to sleep.=

This Verb changes _o_ into _u_ in all persons, in which _mentir_ changes the _e_ into _i_, as:

_durmo_, _durma_, _durmamos_.

26. =Ouvir, to hear.=

This Verb changes _uvi_ into _uç_ in all persons in which _mentir_ changes _e_ into _i_, as:

_eu ouço_, I hear _que eu ouça_, that I may hear.

=Imperative Mood.=

_ouve tu_, hear thou _ouça elle_, let him hear _ouçamos nós_, let us hear _ouvi vós_, hear ye _oução elles_, let them hear.

Some writers change _u_ into _i_, as: _oiço_, _oiça_.

27. =Pôr, to place, to put.=

=Indicative Mood.=

_Present._ _eu ponho_, I place _tu pões_, thou placest _elle poem_, he places _nós pômos_, we place _vós pondes_, you place _elles poem_, they place.

_Imperfect._ _eu punha_, I placed _tu punhas_, thou placedst _elle punha_, he placed _nós punhamos_, we placed _vós punheis_, you placed _elles punhão_, they placed.

_Perfect._ _eu puz_, I have placed _tu puzeste_, thou hast placed _elle póz_, he has placed _nós puzemos_, we have placed _vós puzestes_, you have placed _elles puzerão_, they have placed.

_Pluperfect._ _eu puzera_, I had placed _tu puzeras_, thou hadst placed _elle puzera_, he had placed _nós puzeramos_, we had placed _vós puzereis_, you had placed _elles puzerão_, they had placed.

_Future._ _eu porei_, I shall place _tu porás_, thou shalt place _elle porá_, he shall place _nós poremos_, we shall place _vós poreis_, you shall place _elles porão_, they shall place.

=Conditional.=

_eu poria_, I should place _tu porias_, thou shouldst place _elle poria_, he should place _nós poriamos_, we should place _vós porieis_, you should place _elles porião_, they should place.

=Subjunctive Mood.=

_Present._ _que eu ponha_, that I may place _tu ponhas_, that thou mayest place _elle ponha_, that he may place _nós ponhamos_, that we may place _vós ponhais_, that you may place _elles ponhão_, that they may place.

_Imperfect._ _que eu puzera_, that I might place _tu puzeras_, that thou mightst place _elle puzera_, that he might place _nós puzeramos_, that we might place _vós puzereis_, that you might place _elles puzerão_, that they might place.

_Perfect._ _que eu puzesse_, that I may have placed _tu puzesses_, that thou mayest have placed _elle puzesse_, that he may have placed _nós puzessemos_, that we may have placed _vós puzesseis_, that you may have placed _elles puzessem_, that they may have placed.

_Future._ _quando eu puzer_, when I shall place _tu puzeres_, when thou shall place _elle puzer_, when he shall place _nós puzermos_, when we shall place _vós puzerdes_, when you shall place _elles puzerem_, when they shall place.

=Imperative Mood.=

_põe tu_, place thou _ponha elle_, let him place _ponhamos nós_, let us place _ponde vós_, place ye _ponhão elles_, let them place.

=Gerund=: _pondo_, placing.

=Participle=: _posto_, _posta_, placed.

The Verbs composed by _pôr_ are conjugated in the same manner, as:

_antepôr, compôr, depôr, dispôr, propôr_.

16.

The following Verbs have two Participles, a regular and an irregular one.

FIRST CONJUGATION.

_aceitar_, to accept, _aceitado_, _aceito_ _enxugar_, to dry, _enxugado_, _enxuto_ _exceptuar_, to except, _exceptuado_, _excepto_ _expressar_, to express, _expressado_, _expresso_ _expulsar_, to expel, _expulsado_, _expulso_ _gastar_, to spend, _gastado_, _gasto_ _imprensar_, to print, _imprensado_, _impresso_ _izentar_, to except, _izentado_, _izento_ _manifestar_, to manifest, _manifestado_, _manifesto_ _pagar_, to pay, _pagado_, _pago_ _salvar_, to save, _salvado_, _salvo_ _professar_, to act, profess, _professado_, _professo_ _soltar_, to set at liberty, _soltado_, _solto_ _sujeitar_, to subject, _sujeitado_, _sujeito_.

SECOND CONJUGATION.

{ _absoluto_ _absolver_, to acquit, _absolvido_, { _absolto_ _absorver_, to swallow, _absorvido_, _absorto_ _accender_, to light, _accendido_, _acceso_ _corromper_, to corrupt, _corrompido_, _corrupto_ _eleger_, to elect, _elegido_, _eleito_ _encher_, to fill, _enchido_, _cheio_ _envolver_, to envelope, _envolvido_, _envolto_ _escrever_, to write, _escrevido_, _escrito_ _incorrer_, to incur (a penalty), _incorrido_, _incurso_ _interromper_, to interrupt, _interrompido_, _interrupto_ _morrer_, to die, _morrido_, _morto_ _prender_, to take (into charge), _prendido_, _preso_ _romper_, to break (open), _rompido_, _roto_ _suspender_, to postpone, _suspendido_, _suspenso_ _torcer_, to turn, _torcido_, _torto_.

THIRD CONJUGATION.

_abrir_, to open, _abrido_, _aberto_ _affligir_, to afflict, _affligido_, _afflicto_ _concluir_, to close, shut, _concluido_, _concluso_ _contrahir_, to contract, _contrahido_, _contracto_ _cubrir_, to cover, _cubrido_, _cuberto_ _distinguir_, to distinguish, _distinguido_, _distincto_ _distrahir_, to abstract, _distrahido_, _distracto_ _erigir_, to erect, _erigido_, _erecto_ _exhaurir_, to exhaust, _exhaurido_, _exhausto_ _expellir_, to expel, _expellido_, _expulso_ _exprimir_, to express, _exprimido_, _expresso_ _exstinguir_, to extinguish, _extinguido_, _extincto_ _extrahir_, to extract, _extrahido_, _extracto_ _frigir_, to fry, _frigido_, _frito_ _imprimir_, to impress, _imprimido_, _impresso_ _incluir_, to shut up, _incluido_, _incluso_ _inserir_, to insert, _inserido_, _inserto_ _opprimir_, to oppress, _opprimido_, _oppresso_ _possuir_, to possess, _possuido_, _possesso_ _reprimir_, to suppress, _reprimido_, _represso_ _submergir_, to submerge, _submergido_, _submerso_ _supprimir_, to oppress, _supprimido_, _suppresso_ _surgir_, to anchor, _surgido_, _surto_.

The first or regular form of these Participles is generally used for the compound tenses, whilst the second or irregular form is Generally used with _ser_ or _estar_.

17.

=Impersonal Verbs=

are only used in the third person Singular, they are:

_Chover_, to rain — _chove_, it rains _relampager_ } to lighten — _relampaga_ } it lightens _fuzilar_ } — _fuzila_ } _trovejar_, to thunder — _troveja_, it thunders _choviscar_, to drizzle (rain) — _chovisca_, it drizzles _nevar_, to snow — _neva_, it snows _gelar_, to freeze — _gela_, it freezes.

They follow those Conjugations to which they belong.

18.

Adverbs.

=1. Adverbs of Time.=

_Hoje_, to-day _agora_, now _hontem_, yesterday _presentemente_, at present _antehontem_, the day before yesterday _antigamente_, in times past _ultimamente_, lastly _recentemente_, lately _amanhãa_, to-morrow _logo_, directly _depois de amanhãa_, the day after to-morrow _daqui por diante_, from hence, in future _sempre_, always _desde_, since _ainda_, yet.

=2. Adverbs of Place.=

_aqui_, here _ali_, _acolá_, there _arriba_, above _abaixo_, below _além_, on the other side _daquem_, on this side _á mão direita_, to the right _á mão esquerda_, to the left _d’ali_, from here.

=3. Adverbs of Number and Comparison.=

_primeiramente_, firstly _segundamente_, secondly _em terceiro lugar_, thirdly _depois_, afterwards _raramente_, _de maravilha_, rarely _mais_, more _menos_, less _tão_ } almost _como se_ } _como_, as _assim_, just so, the same _melhor_, better _peior_, worse _quasi_, almost _em parte_, partly _quando muito_, highest _quando menos_, least.

=4. Adverbs of Manner and Kind.=

_muito_, very _bem_, good, well _mal_, bad _pouco_, little _assaz_, enough _demasiadamente_, too much _sufficientemente_, sufficient _abundantemente_, abundantly _mesmo_, even _apenas_, scarcely _senão_, only _principalmente_, chiefly _em geral_, generally, altogether.

=5. Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation.=

_sim_, yes _certamente_, certainly _verdadeiramente_, indeed _não_, no _nada_, nothing _talvez_ } _pode ser_ } perhaps _quiça_ } _quando?_ when? _como?_ how? _porque?_ why? _quanto?_ how much? _onde?_ where? _aonde?_ whereto?

The Adverbs are not declined, but some are compared like the Adjectives, as:

_mais ricamente_, richer _menos ricamente_, less rich _tão ricamente_, just as rich _muito ricamente_, very rich _o mais ricamente_, the richest;

Superl. _bem_, good, formes the Comp.: _melhor_ — _optimamente_ _mal_, bad, - - - _peior_ — _pessimamente_.

19.

=The following Adverbs are principally in use=:

_agora_, now _hoje_, to-day _amanhãa_, to-morrow _amanhãa pela manhãa_, to-morrow-morning _depois de amanhãa_, the day after to-morrow _frequentamente_, frequently, often _nunca_, never _ordinariamente_, generally _jamais_, never _tarde_, late _cedo_, early _daqui por diante_, in future _ultimamente_, lastly, at latest _recentemente_, lately _logo_, soon _depois_, afterwards _abundantemente_, abundantly _com razão_, _justamente_, in justice _absolutamente_, absolutely _já para já_, immediately _com condição_, under the condition _actualmente_, actually, at present _de proposito_, purposely _admiravelmente_ } admirable _maravilhosamente_ } _as mil maravilhas_, exquisitely _astutamente_, artfully _atraiçoadamente_, traitorously _de maravilha_, very rarely _a miudo_, often _assim_ } _tão_ } so, equally so _apressa_, quickly, in haste _facilmente_, easily _ao avesso_, reversedly _as avessas_, reversedly _de improviso_ } extempore _improvisamente_ } _quasi_, _casi_, almost _então_, then _desde então_, since _desde quando?_ since when? _de quando ha?_ how long ago? _quando bem_ } even _ainda quando_ } _quando muito_, highest, at latest _quando menos_, at least _cá_, here _alli_, there _ahi_, there, where (you are} _acolá_, there _traz_ } behind _detraz_ } _para traz_, backwards _isto he_, that is to say _em vez_, _em lugar_, instead _tambem_, also _tanto que_ } as soon as _logo que_ } _acaso_, accidentally _ainda_, yet _finalmente_, at last _muito_, much, very _depressa_, quickly _aqui_, here _até_, until _bem_, well, good _mal_, bad _como_, how, as _como?_ how? _primeiro que_, before that _primeiro que tudo_, before all _fora_, out, out of _já_, already _abaixo_, below _acima_, above _de balde_, in vain _antes_, for, before _juntamente_, together _enteiramente_, entirely _ao redor_, round about _loucamente_, foolishly _atrevidamente_, boldly _felizmente_, happily _vergonhosamente_, infamously _nem se quer_, even if _mais_, more _menos_, less _sim_, yes _não_, no _onde_, where _nada_, nothing _de cór_, by heart _em vão_, in vain _escassamente_, scarcely, rarely _em fin_, at last _longe_, long, far _verdadeiramente_, truly _dentro_, thereinto _as vezes_, sometimes _de vagar_, slowly _quando_, when _quanto_, how much.

20.

=Prepositions.=

The Prepositions most in use are the following:

_a_, to _de_, from _em_, in _dentro_, in, within _sobre_, on, over _debaixo_ } under _sob_ } _perante_, before _altraz_ } behind _traz_ } _entre_, between _para_, after _perto_ } by, near, at _junto_ } _desde_, of, from _até_, after _antes_, before _depois_, after _durante_, during _desde_, since _com_, with _excepto_, except _fora_ } besides _além_ } _sem_, without _contra_, against _a pezar_, notwithstanding _não obstante_, in spite of _para com_, against _acerca_, in respect _por_, through _mediante_, by means of.

21.

The following are used with the =Genitive=:

_além dos mares_, on the other side of the seas _além d’isso_, besides this one _acerca daquelle negocio_, as to that business _aquem_ or _daquem dos mares_, on this side of the seas _antes do dia_, before daybreak _diante de Deos_, before God _dentro da igreja_, within the church _de traz do palacio_, behind the palace _debaixo da mesa_, under the table _em cima da mesa_, upon the table _ao redor_ or _em contorno da cidade_, round about the town _perto de Londres_, near London _fora da casa_, out of the house _fora de perigo_, out of danger _depois da cea_, after the supper _defronte de minha casa_, opposite to my house _defronte da igreja_, opposite the church;

=Dative=:

_quanto áquillo_, with regard to that _pegado á muralha_, at, near the wall _desde o bico do pé até á cabeza_, from head to foot;

=Accusative.=

_perante o juiz_, before the judge _durante o inverno_, during the winter _traz do templo_, behind the temple _entre os homens_, among men _sobre a mesa_, on the table _conforme á lei_, according to the law _segundo á ordem_, in consequence of the order _por amor de Deos_, for God’s sake _pelo mundo_, through the world _pela rua_, through the street _contra elles_, against them.

_A_ (to), _eu vou a Londres_, I go to London, _voltar a Portugal_, to return to Portugal, _não tem nada que fazer_ } _não tem nada a fazer_ } he has nothing to do.

_De_ (from), _vir de França_, I come from France, _vir das Indias_, I come from India, _sahir de Londres_, I go from London (to leave London), _de noite_, by night, _de dia_, by day.

_Por_ (by, from), _por mar e por terra_, by sea and by land.

22.

=Conjunctions.=

_E_, and _tambem_ } _outrosim_ } also _tambem_—_como_, as well—as _não sómente_—_mas tambem_, not only—but also _ora_—_ora_, soon—soon _em primeiro lugar_, firstly _então_, then _além disso_ } _de mais_ } further _depois_, afterwards _em fim_, at last _em parte_—_em parte_, partly—partly _ou_—_ou_, either—or _nem_—_nem_, neither—nor _tão_, so _assim_, thus _porém_ } _mas_ } but _com tudo_, notwithstanding _ainda que_, although _assim_, therefore _porque_, because _pois_, there _afim_, that _se não_, else _com tanto que_, taking for granted that _bem que_, certainly, indeed.

23.

_que_, that _nomeadamente_, namely _se_, whether _comó_, as _a saber_, viz _excepto_, _alem_, except _onde_, where _donde_, whence _quando_, when _desde que_, since _durante que_, whilst, during _antes_, before _depois que_ } afterwards _depois de_ } _como_, as _como tambem_, as soon as _tão_—_como_, so—as _assim_—_que_, so that _por isso_, why _porque_, because _por_, _pois_, there _afim que_ } that _para que_ } _se_, if _se_, _posto que_, in case _se não que_, if not _com tanto que_, in case _ainda que_, although _não obstante_, notwithstanding _tanto_—_tanto_, the—the.

Examples. _Francezes e Inglezes._ Frenchmen and Englishmen. _Nem este, nem aquelle._ Neither these, nor those. _Ou este, ou aquelle._ Either this one, or that one _Nem mais, nem menos._ Neither more, nor less. _Quer o faça, quer não, tudo It is indifferent to me whether para mim he o mesmo._ he does it or not. _Quer seja verdade, quer não._ Whether it be true or not. _Antes quero pedir que furtar._ I will rather beg than steal. _Antes morrerei que dizer-volo._ I will rather die than tell it to you.

=Interjections=

may be divided according to the various passions or emotions expressed by them.

Of Joy: _Ah! ho!_ Of Pain: _Ai! apre!_ Of Fear: _Ai Jesus! eh, eh! ai de mim!_ Of Abhorrence: _Va-se embora! passa fora!_ Of Surprise: _Oh! Ah!_ Urging or Exhorting: _Ora vamos! animo, animo! arreda! hola! sentido!_ Silencing: _Chiton! calla a boca! calai-vos!_ Wishing: _O provera a Deos!_

=Reading Lessons.=

1.

Em um ajuntamento[545] de senhoras e homens suscitou-se[546] a questão[547] de qual era o paiz[548] melhor[549] para se habitar[550]; e dizendo uma que Londres, outra que Pariz, este que o Brazil, aquelle que a Austria ou a Italia, disse uma senhora mui presumida[551]: “Pois[552] eu dou[553] a primazia[554] ao celibato, pois tenho ouvido dizer a meu irmão padre[555], que he de todos os estados o mais perfeito.”

[545] meeting.

[546] to ask.

[547] the question.

[548] land.

[549] better.

[550] to live.

[551] presumptuous.

[552] as.

[553] I give.

[554] the preference.

[555] the priest.

2.

Certo[556] juiz de fóra[557] tendo queixas do povo[558] que os arrematantes da vacca[559] só matavão[560] um boi[561] cada dia d’assouge[562], e que este não chegava[563] para todos, e ao mesmo tempo[564] ouvindo dizer aos ditos arrematantes que dous bois erão de sobejo[565]; mandou[566] por seu respeitando despacho que cada dia d’assougue se matasse boi e meio.

[556] a certain.

[557] judge who has studied.

[558] the people.

[559] the priviledged butchers of beef.

[560] _matar_, to kill, to slaughter.

[561] the ox.

[562] _açougue_, the slaughter-house.

[563] _chegar_, to suffice.

[564] at the same time.

[565] too much.

[566] to order.

3.

Dizia o P. Antonio Vieira, que toda a fortuna d’um homem de corte[567] consistia em saber adular[568], mentir[569], furtar[570], e repartir[571].

[567] courtier.

[568] to flatter.

[569] to lie.

[570] to steal.

[571] to divide.

4.

Na desgraçada[572] morte[573] do Principe D. Affonso, disse El-Rei Dom João II. seu pai: “No excessivo sentimento em que vivo da morte de meu filho, só me consola parecer-me que Deos se lembrou[574] d’este reino[575]; porque o Principe não era para Rei dos Portuguezes: os Portuguezes hão de mister Rei de bronze. Era o Principe inclinado a delicias[576].”

[572] unfortunate.

[573] death.

[574] _lembrar-se_, to remember.

[575] kingdom.

[576] pleasure.

5.

Levantando[577] El-Rei D. João I. o sitio[578], que tinha posto a Coria, disse: “Grande falta[579] nos fizerão os cavalheiros da taboa redonda[580]; porque se elles aqui estivérão, não nos levantáramos desta cidade sem a render[581].” Respondeo Mem Rodrigues de Vasconcellos: “Não faltarão por certo, senhor, aqui esses cavalheiros; porque aqui está Martim Vasques da Cunha, que he tão bom, como dizem o foi D. Galaz; Gonçalo Vasques Coutinho, que he tão bom como D. Tristão; João Fernandes Pacheco, que não deve nada a Lancarote; e aqui estou eu, que não mereço[582] menos[583] que qualquer d’elles: O certo he, senhor, que só faltou aqui o bom Rei Artur, que os sabía estimar, e animar com mercês grandes.”

[577] to raise.

[578] the siege.

[579] want.

[580] round table.

[581] surrender.

[582] to be worth.

[583] less.

6.

Quando El-Rei D. Sebastião quiz[584] fazer[585] a jornada de Africa, determinou avistar-se em N. Senhora de Guadalupe com El-Rei Philippe seu tio[586]; para se ajustar[587] esta funcção[588] veio[589] de Castella o duque[590] d’Alva, cavalheiro mui soberbo[591], e pouco affeiçoado aos Portuguezes, e de cá foi o conde[592] de Redondo. Entre a pratica[593] que tiverão, lhe perguntou[594] o duque que fidalgos vinhão com El-Rei Dom Sebastião; porque com El-Rei vinha elle, e outros como elle. Respondeo-lhe o conde: “Com El-Rei meu senhor vem o duque de Bragança, o de Aveiro, e o marquez[595] de Villa-Real; e fidalgos razos[596], como eu e vós, vem muitos.”

[584] _querer_, to wish.

[585] to make.

[586] uncle.

[587] to arrange.

[588] business.

[589] he came (_vir_).

[590] duke.

[591] proud.

[592] the count.

[593] the discussion.

[594] to ask.

[595] marquis.

[596] the low gentry.

7.

Pedindo[597] um pobre[598] esmola[599] a Philippe II. lhe dizia que se lembrasse erão irmãos; e perguntando-lhe El-Rei por que quarte, respondeo por Adão. Mandou[600]-lhe El-Rei dar um real. Replicou[601] o pobre que aquella esmola não era d’um irmão Rei. “Se a todos os meus irmãos”, disse Philippe, “eu désse outro tanto[602], já não teria[603] real que dar.”

[597] _pedir_, to beg.

[598] poor.

[599] alms.

[600] ordered.

[601] reply.

[602] just as much.

[603] I would have.

8.

Christovão Colon foi o primeiro que com audaz[604] fortaleza[605] navegou o oceano, o descobrio[606] as Indias de Castella; pelo que mereceo que os Reis Catholicos o fizessem duque de Beraguas. Estava uma noite[607] ceando[608] com outros cavalheiros seus amigos; e dizendo-lhe um que aquella façanha a poderia obrar qualquer outro, se lhe dessem o socorro[609], que fosse necessario, dissimulou Christovão Colon, e tirando um ovo[610] do prato, perguntou aos demais fidalgos se poderia algum fazer que aquelle ovo estivesse levantado[611], sem que se arrimasse[612] a cousa alguma? Respondêrão todos, que não podia ser[613]. Pegou[614] no ovo Christovão Colon, e dando com elle mansamente[615] na mesa[616], lhe fez uma pequena[617] móssa[618], e o póz muito direito. Rírão-se[619] todos, e disse Colon: “Nenhum[620] de Vossas Mercês[621] ha que não acha facil navegar o oceano, depois que eu de lá vim; porém he certo, que se eu não fôra o primeiro, nenhum seria o segundo.”

[604] audacious.

[605] fortitude.

[606] discovered.

[607] night.

[608] _cear_, to sup.

[609] assistance.

[610] egg.

[611] to stand erect.

[612] to assist.

[613] that it could not be.

[614] _pegar_, to take up.

[615] quiet.

[616] table.

[617] small.

[618] break.

[619] _rir-se_, to laugh.

[620] nobody.

[621] of your honours.

9.

Um Mahometano consultando a Aischeh mulher de Mahometo, lhe pedio uma regra[622] para bem viver; e ella lhe respondeo: “Reconhece[623] um só Deos, refrêa[624] a tua lingua, reprime[625] as tuas paixões[626], adquire sciencia, vive constante na tua religião, abstem-te de fazer mal[627], frequenta os bons, encobre[628] os defeitos do teu proximo[629], soccorre[630] os pobres, e espera a eternidade por recompensa.”

[622] rule.

[623] recognise.

[624] restrict.

[625] suppress.

[626] passions.

[627] to do evil.

[628] cover.

[629] neighbour.

[630] assist.

10.

Querendo certo homem desquitar-se[631] de sua mulher, com quem tinha pouca paz[632], appareceo[633] para este fim[634] diante[635] do Provisor. Estranhou[636] elle a proposta[637], porque conhecia a mulher, e era de boas qualidades: “Porque quereis deixar[638] vossa mulher?” (lhe perguntou o Provisor): “Não he virtuosa?”—“Sim, senhor”; respondeo o homem.—“Não he rica?”—“Sim, senhor.” Emfim[639] a todas as cousas, sobre que era perguntado, respondia em abono seu. Com que lhe disse o Provisor: “Pois se vossa mulher tem tantas cousas boas, porque quereis desquitar-vos della?” A isto o homem, descalçando[640] um sapato[641], perguntou ao Provisor: “Senhor, este sapato não he novo?”—“Sim”, respondeo o Provisor. Accrescentou[642]: “não está bem feito[643]?”—“Sim, ao que parece”, respondeo o Provisor.—“Não he de bom cordavão, e de boa sola?”—Respondeo do mesmo modo que sim. “Pois vê Vossa Mercê com tudo isso[644]” (disse o descontente marido[645]), “pois eu quero tirar este sapato, e calçar outro, porque eu sei muito bem aonde[646] me aperta[647], e faz mancar[648], e Vossa Mercê não o sabe.”

[631] to divorce.

[632] peace.

[633] appeared.

[634] for this purpose.

[635] before.

[636] to surprise.

[637] the proposition.

[638] to leave.

[639] in fine.

[640] to take off.

[641] the shoe.

[642] to add.

[643] _fazer_, to make.

[644] with all that.

[645] husband.

[646] where.

[647] pinch.

[648] to make tame.

11.

=Botocudos.=

Estes Indios dominão[649] na cordilheira[650] habitada[651] por seus maiores[652] os Aimorés, de cuja[653] barbaridade ainda guardão sementes. Quando os Portuguezes começárão[654] a povoar[655] o Brazil tiverão de guerrear com os ferozes[656] Aimorés, a quem dizem[657] que derão[658] o nome de Botocudos, de boto, e codea[659], por isso que os Indios desta nação[660] erão rolhos, e trazião[661] o corpo[662] coberto d’uma codea de gomma[663] copal com que se pintavão[664] para se preservarem das ferretoadas[665] dos mosquitos e outros insectos. Os Botocudos são mais brancos[666] que a maior parte dos demais[667] Indios do Brazil, porém, como seus ascendentes os Aimorés, costumão[668] pintar a cara[669] e mais partes do corpo. Dividem-se em varias tribus ou cabildas[670], cada[671] uma com seu cabo[672], que tem um poder[673] absoluto sobre os seus[674] em os negocios de maior importancia como são a caça[675], a guerra[676] e a escolha[677] de uma nova morada[678]; mas na aldea[679] limita-se toda a sua autoridade a compôr as desavenças que são entre elles mui frequentes. Este lugar não he hereditario, escolhe-se para elle o mais bravo, e por vezes[680] o mais atrevido[681] se proclama por chefe da tribu, sobre tudo se por ventura o que os commandava vem a morrer. Os Botocudos tem as espadoas[682] largas, o pescoço[683] curto, o nariz[684] chato, as maçãas[685] do rosto proeminentes, os pés[686] pequenos, as extremidades inferiores delgadas[687], mas nervosas. Furão as orelhas[688], e o beiço inferior[689], e enfião no buraco[690] uma rodella de páo[691]. São vingativos[692] e traidores[693], posto que tinhão um exterior alegre e um ar[694] de franqueza. Não tem especie alguma de culto; considerão[695] o sol[696] como uma divindade a que chamão[697], e reverenceão ainda mais a lua[698], quando com sua luz os protege em suas excursões nocturnas. Amão e imitão as ceremonias religiosas dos christãos, quanto isto póde compadecer-se com a vida nomada que fazem, assim que são de todos os Indios os que mais custão a civilizar-se.

[649] govern.

[650] mountain chain.

[651] inhabited.

[652] ancestors.

[653] whose.

[654] to begin.

[655] to populate.

[656] wild.

[657] _dizer_, to say.

[658] they gave (_dar_).

[659] the rind.

[660] nation.

[661] to carry.

[662] the body.

[663] gum.

[664] _pintar_, to paint.

[665] sting.

[666] white.

[667] the others.

[668] to have the practice.

[669] face.

[670] hordes.

[671] each.

[672] leader.

[673] power.

[674] over his tribe.

[675] the chase.

[676] war.

[677] the choice.

[678] place of residence.

[679] village.

[680] sometimes.

[681] bold.

[682] shoulder.

[683] neck.

[684] nose.

[685] cheeks.

[686] foot.

[687] thin.

[688] ears.

[689] the underlip.

[690] a hole.

[691] wooden.

[692] vindictive.

[693] traitorous.

[694] an air.

[695] to look upon.

[696] the sun.

[697] to call.

[698] the moon.

12.

=As grutas=[699] =do inferno=[700].

Deo-se[701] este nome ás cavernas naturaes que se achão[702] na montanha em que estão assentadas a povoação e fortaleza[703] da Nova-Coimbra, na provincia de Mato-Grosso e sobre a margem direita[704] do Paraguai. No vertente[705] septentrional[706] da montanha existe uma abertura que dá passo[707] a duas especies de antecamaras, 1 de braça[708] e meia de comprido[709], e 1 de largo[710], e outra algum tanto maior. Desce-se para ellas por uma ladeira que tem obra de 20 braças de comprimento[711], guarnecida de estalactitas, que provêm da filtração continua da abobada. No cabo[712] da ladeira entra-se n’uma salla parecida com uma mesquita[713], de cuja abobada pendem estalactitas de differentes fórmas e tamanhos[714], e o mesmo se observa no chão. A’ esquerda[715] a parede se acha revestida d’uma incrustação d’espalto, que com o reflexo da luz arremeda uma soberba cascata. Póde esta salla ter 50 braças de comprido e 1S de largo, e no fundo della existe um espaço de 6 braças pelo menos coberto d’agua limpida porém de máo sabor[716], que dá da parte de fóra[717] origem a um ribeiro[718] represado frequentemente pelas aguas do Paraguai, nas cheias[719] que alagão todos os annos por varias vezes os campos vizinhos. Os naturaes[720] do paiz não se atrevião[721] a entrar n’estas grutas que forão pela primeira vez exploradas pelo engenheiro[722] Ricardo Franco d’Almeida Serra, em 1791, levando em sua companhia o naturalista Alexandre Rodriguez Ferreira que as debuxou[723] e descreveo[724]. Em 1795, varias pessoas[725] curiosas entrárão n’ellas e com fachas virão que no ribeiro que as aguas ali formavão havião jacarés[726], e que um d’elles tinha uma pata de menos.

[699] grotto.

[700] hell.

[701] one has given.

[702] to find, _achar-se_.

[703] the fortress.

[704] on the right shore.

[705] slope.

[706] northern.

[707] which forms the entrance.

[708] fathom.

[709] long.

[710] wide.

[711] length.

[712] at the end.

[713] Mosque.

[714] size.

[715] on the left.

[716] bad taste.

[717] from the outside.

[718] rivulet.

[719] inundation.

[720] inhabitants.

[721] attempt.

[722] engineer.

[723] to draw.

[724] to describe.

[725] persons.

[726] crocodile.

Idiomatic Expressions

with =Verbs, Adverbs, Prepositions etc.=

_Andar a pé._ To go on foot. _Andar de pé._ To be unwell. _Andar a cavallo._ To go on horseback. _Andar em coche._ To drive in a carriage. _Andar á vela._ To take a sail. _Andar para diante._ To go forward. _Andar para traz._ To go backward. _Andar a traz de alguem._ To follow some one. _Andar com o tempo._ To go with the times. _Andar perdido._ To go astray. _Andar com honra._ To act honorably. _Andar de esguelha._ To go badly. _Andar de mal para peor._ Out of the frying-pan into the fire. _Com o andar do tempo._ In the course of time. _Andar de galope._ To canter. _Dar um passeio, uma volta._ To take a walk. _Dar a entender._ To give to understand. _Dar fé._ To believe, to credit. _Dar fiado._ To give credit. _Dar á luz._ To publish. _Dar principio._ To begin. _Dar fim._ To end. _Dar os bons dias._ To say good day. _Dar os parabens._ To congratulate. _O relogio dá horas._ The clock strikes. _Dar boa conta de si._ To behave well. _Eu derei conta d’isso._ I will be answerable for it. _Dar em ridicularias._ To become ridiculous. _Dar-se pressa._ To be in a hurry. _Não se lhe dá de morrer._ He does not fear death. _Estar escrevendo._ To be writing. _Estar em pé._ To stand erect. _Estar assentado._ To sit. _Está para chover._ It is going to rain. _Estar em duvida._ To be in doubt. _Estar na cama._ To lie in bed. _Estar com, em, de, saúde._ To be well. _Não está no meu poder._ It is not in my power. _Estar de posse._ To be in possession. _Fazer esmólas._ To give alms. _Faz frio._ It is cold. _Faz lua._ The moon shines. _Não faço caso delle._ I do not care for him. _Fazer uma festa._ To give a party. _Fazer lugar._ To make room. _Ter que fazer._ To have to do. _Fazer um discurso._ To make a speech. _Fazer uma aposta._ To lay a wager. _Faz hoje oito dias._ It is a week to-day. _Fazer o possivel._ To do one’s utmost. _Não henho que fazer com_ I have nothing to do with it. _isso._ _Fazer-se velho._ To become old. _Fazer-se feio._ To become ugly. _Faz-se tarde._ It is getting late. _Ter razão._ To be in the right. _Não ter razão._ To be in the wrong. _Ter ciumes._ To be jealous. _Que quer dizer isto?_ What is the meaning of it? _Isto quer dizer, que..._ It means that... _Ha alguma, cousa de novo?_ Is there any news? _Ha muito tempo._ It is a long time ago. _Ha um anno._ It is a year ago. _Hir por diante._ To go forward. _Eilo lá vai._ There he goes. _Hir para traz._ To go back. _Hir buscar._ To fetch. _Nada se vai mais depressa_ Nothing passes quicker than the time. _que o tempo._ _Vai-se fazendo tarde._ It becomes late. _Não tenho medo._ I have no fear. _Não mais._ Not more. _Ainda não._ Not yet. _Não o farei._ I shall not do it. _Não muito depois._ Not long after. _Queres fazer isso ou não?_ Will you do it or not? _Um diz sim, e outro não._ One says yes, the other no. _Não he bom nem máo._ It is neither good nor bad. _Elle ainda não veio._ He has not yet come. _Até onde?_ How far? _Até Roma._ To Rome. _Até quando?_ How long? _Até que eu vivo._ As long as I live. _Como assim?_ How so? _Como! não quereis vir?_ What! you will not come? _Dez libras quando muito._ At utmost ten pounds. _Dez libras quando menos._ At least ten pounds. _Dizei muito embora o que_ You may say what you like. _quizerdes._ _Assim he?_ Is it so? _Assim seja._ Be it so. _Basta assim por agora._ It is enough for the present. _Andar a passos lentes._ To go very slowly. _A’ direita._ To the right. _A’ esquerda._ To the left. _Vir de França._ To come from France. _Venho da casa da Senhora N._ I come from Mrs. N. _De madrugada._ Early in the morning. _De noite._ By night. _De dia._ By day. _De verão._ In summer. _Perto de oito horas._ Towards eight o’clock. _Junto á cidade._ Near the town. _Sobre a mesa._ Upon the table. _Sobre a noite._ Towards night. _Sobre todas as cousas._ Before all things. _Duas vezes no dia._ Twice a day. _Na rua._ On the street. _Em todo o tempo._ At all times. _Em premio._ For reward. _Para que he isto?_ What is that for? _Para onde?_ Whereto? _Para que fim?_ For what purpose? _Palavra por palavra._ Word for word. _Vai por vinho._ Fetch wine. _De muito atraz._ Far back. _Fazer passo atraz._ To take a step backwards. _Alguns dias atraz._ A few days ago.

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