Part 18

Characters, anthropoid, 185.

Characters, congenital, 68.

Characters, non-transmission of acquired, 66, 70.

Characters, pithecoid, 185.

Characters, transmission of acquired, 66, 76.

Chatterers, 152.

Cheiroptera, 239.

Cheirotes, 115.

Chelonia, 238.

Children, rights of unborn, 224, 225.

Chimæroids, 106, 236.

Chimpanzee, 243, 244.

Chiromys, 241.

Chitons, 234.

Choice, 216, 223.

Chordata, 234.

Chromosomes, 6, 31.

Chrysothrix, 242.

Civilization, 215.

Classification, xi. xii.

Club-foot, 193.

Clubmosses, 100, 102, 245.

Cockroaches, 100, 234.

Codosiga umbellata, 23.

Cœcilia, 238.

Cœlenterata, 32, 96, 97, 99, 230, 231, 232.

Coloration, alluring, 128, 141.

Coloration, protective, 127, 128, 135.

Coloration, as recognition marks, 150.

Coloration, warning, 128, 144.

Columba livia, 120.

Comb-bearers, 231.

Condylarthra, 111.

Coniferæ, 105, 215.

Corals, 96, 97, 100, 102.

Corals, chain, 99, 100.

Corals, honeycomb, 99, 100.

Coral, hydroid, 99, 100.

Coreopsis, 142.

Cormorants, 134.

Cosmic Designer, 220.

Cosmos, Soul of, 210, 211.

Cows, 121.

Crabs, 233.

Creation, 211, 212.

Creodonta, 111.

Criminals, 223, 224.

Crinoidea, 96, 97, 99, 100, 232.

Crocodilia, 157, 238.

Crossopterygii, 101, 103, 105, 106, 109, 110, 236.

Cross-sterility, 167, 168, 169.

Crustacea, 102, 103, 233.

Cryptogams, 97, 244.

Ctenophora, 231.

Cuttlefish, 98, 234.

Cycadaceæ, 100, 102, 105, 245.

Cynocephalus, 243.

Cypresses, 100, 102, 245.

Cystids, 96, 97, 99.

Cystoidea, 232.

Cytoplasm, 4.

Daisy, ox-eyed, 142.

Deer, fallow, 169.

Deer, forest, 128, 129.

Design, 212.

Designer, 212.

Desmids, 12.

Diatoms, 12, 18.

Dicotyledones, 245.

Didelphia, 239.

Difflugia, 17, 230.

Dinosauria, 107, 109, 238.

Dipnoi, 101, 103, 106, 236, 237.

Disuse, 60, 63, 64, 216.

Dogs, 146.

Dragon flies, 100.

Dragons, flying, 107.

Dromatherium, 106.

Ducks, 134, 157.

Echinodermata, 96, 97, 99, 102, 231, 232.

Echinoidea, 232.

Ectoderm, 32, 230, 231.

Ectoplasm, 11.

Edentata, 239.

Elaps, 146, 149.

Elasmobranchii, 101, 103, 236.

Elephant, 112, 160.

Elimination, 125.

Elimination, climatic, 125.

Elimination, by enemies, 126.

Elimination, physical, 125.

Elimination, through competition, 126.

Elms, 216.

Embryo, coral, 123.

Embryo, instability of, 167.

Embryology, 33.

Endoderm, 32, 230, 231.

Endoplasm, 11.

Enteron, 231.

Enteropneusta, 233.

Environment, 54, 55, 64, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 90, 127, 223.

Environment, complexity of, 90.

Environment and coloration, 126, 127.

Environment, unstable, 81.

Eohippus, 113.

Epencephalon, 199.

Epiblast, 32.

Epoch, Champlain, 85, 89.

Epoch, Eocene, 85.

Epoch, Glacial, 85, 89.

Epoch, Miocene, 85.

Epoch, Pliocene, 85.

Epoch, Terrace, 85, 89.

Equatorial-plate, 27.

Equus, 113.

Era, Archæan, 85, 94.

Era, Cenozoic, 85.

Era, Mesozoic, 85, 110.

Era, Palæozoic, 85, 86.

Era, Psychozoic, 85, 114.

Erythrolamprus, 149.

Eucalyptus, 132.

Evolution, 108.

Evolution, factors of, xiii.

Evolution, definition of, xiii.

Evolution, psychic, 215.

Evolution, social, 215, 225.

Evolution, goal of, 226.

Falcon, 127.

Fantail, 120.

Ferns, 100, 102, 244.

Fertilization, 29, 42.

Fertilization, cross, 162.

Fertilization, by humming birds, 161.

Fertilization, by insects, 161.

Fertilization, by the wind, 161.

Fertilization, of flowers, 161.

Fertilization, of frog’s eggs, 173.

Fertilization, of ovum, 29.

Fetichism, 209.

Finches, 157.

Fishes, 96, 101, 103, 104, 106, 109, 127, 152.

Fishes, Age of, 101.

Fishes, generalized, 102.

Fishes, with Amphibian characters, 101.

Flagellum, 19, 29.

Flies, 142.

Flower, simile of the, 213.

Flowers, 105, 144.

Flowers, conspicuous, 162.

Flowers, female, 161.

Flowers, fertilization of, 151.

Flowers, male, 160, 161.

Flowers, parts of, 160.

Flowers, primitive, 161.

Food, 58, 61.

Foraminifera, 12, 97, 102, 230.

Forest of Dean, 169.

Fossils, 94.

Friar Birds, 148.

Frog, development of, 173, 177.

Frogs, 135, 136, 137, 138, 146, 238.

Fuegians, 187.

Fungi, 244.

Game-cock, 157, 159.

Ganglia, 232, 233.

Ganoidei, 101, 103, 105, 106, 107, 109, 110, 237.

Garpikes, 105, 237.

Gasteropoda, 234.

Gastrula, 32.

Gastrulation, 32.

Gemmæ, 6.

Gemmules, 6.

Generations, alternations of, 231.

Geometer Moth, caterpillar of, 140.

Gephyrea, 2, 3.

Germ-cells, 45, 54, 57, 161.

Germ-cells, continuity of, 67, 70, 71.

Germ-cells, insulated, 65, 68, 70.

Gibbons, 243, 244.

Giraffe, 129, 130.

Globigerina, 13, 23.

Goat-sucker, 134.

Goniatites, 100, 102, 105.

Gorillas, 243, 244.

Graptolites, 96, 97, 99.

Grasses, 245.

Gregarina, 230.

Gregarinida, 230.

Gromia oviformis, 20.

Grouse, 159.

Gymnophiona, 238.

Gymnospermæ, 244.

Habitat, 54, 60.

Hair, 194.

Hapale, 242.

Hapalidæ, 241, 242.

Hares, 157, 160.

Hare, Polar, 127.

Hawk, 132.

Hearing, 195.

Heliconidæ, 145, 147, 148.

Hereditary Mass, 41, 43, 44, 46, 51.

Hereditary Mass, reduction of, 46.

Hereditary Threads, 31, 41.

Hereditary Units, ancestral, 43, 45.

Hereditary Units, maternal, 42.

Hereditary Units, paternal, 42.

Heredity, xiii. 39, 53, 54, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76.

Heredity, examples of, 40.

Heritages, atavistic, 49.

Heritages, augmentation of, 47.

Heritages, blending of, 47.

Heritages, latent, 49.

Heritages, mutually exclusive, 47.

Heritages, prepotency of, 47.

Heritages, struggle of, 48.

Heritages, totality of, 75.

Herons, 134.

Hesperornis, 238.

Hippopotamus, 111.

Hog, 111.

Holocephali, 236.

Holothuroidea, 232.

Hominidæ, 242, 243.

Homo delinquens, 52.

Homo sapiens, 52.

Honey-suckers, 148.

Horse, 112, 121, 122.

Horse, feet of, 113.

Horse, swiftness of, 122.

Horsetails, 100, 102, 244.

Hyaloplasm, 5.

Hydra, 231.

Hydroids, 231.

Hydrozoa, 231.

Hylobatinæ, 244.

Hylobates, 243, 244.

Hypoblast, 32.

Hyracoidea, 239.

Ichthyornis, 238.

Ichthyosauria, 107, 238.

Idioblasts, 6.

India, 141.

Infancy, 217, 218.

Infant, grasping power of, 192.

Infection, congenital bacterial, 53.

Infection, prenatal, 54.

Infusoria, 42, 230.

Insecta, 233.

Insectivora, 107, 239.

Insects, 100, 102, 110, 135, 137, 141, 143, 144, 147, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165.

Insect selection, 160, 164.

Invertebrates, 96, 234.

Irish elk, 114.

Isolation, geographical, 166.

Isolation, sexual, 166.

Java, 140, 142.

Jukes, the, 41.

Kaffir Boom, 130.

Kallima, 139, 140.

Kerivoula picta, 130.

Labyrinthodonts, 103, 104.

Lacertilia, 238.

Lagena, 13, 23.

Lamellibranchiata, 234.

Lampreys, 101.

Lampshells, 96, 232.

Lancelet, 235.

Larva, of Georgia butterfly, 138.

Law of battle, 158, 159.

Leaf-hoppers, 141.

Leaf insects, 140.

Leaf thrushes, 127.

Leeches, 233.

Lemuroidea, 111, 240.

Lepidosiren, 237.

Lepidosteus, 236.

Leptocardii, 234, 235.

Lichens, 244.

Life-forms, transmutations of, 93.

Life-forms, typical animal, 95.

Limestone, 13.

Lions, 127, 160.

Lislet-Geoffrey, 48.

Liverworts, 244.

Lizards, 144, 146, 158.

Locusts, palatable, 146.

Locusts, unpalatable, 146.

Longicornia, 147.

Lung-fishes, 103, 104, 237.

Macacus, 243.

Macaques, 243.

Magnolias, 111.

Malay Archipelago, 148.

Mammalia, 23, 240.

Mammals, 96, 107, 109, 111, 113, 144, 152, 160.

Mammals, Age of, 111.

Mammals, land, 165.

Mammals, placental, 239.

Mammals, reptilian, 106, 107, 111.

Mammals, snake-eating, 147, 149.

Man, 146, 216.

Man, age of, 114.

Man, ancestors of, 185, 186.

Man, brutish instincts of, 219.

Man, evolution of, 180, 188.

Man, imperfect adaptations of, 190.

Man, primitive, 187.

Man, quaternary, 114.

Mantis, 141.

Marmosets, 242.

Marsipobranchii, 234, 235.

Marsupials, 106, 107, 239.

Mastodon, 114.

Maturation, of ovum, 46.

Medulla, 199.

Mesencephalon, 199.

Mesenchyme, 231, 232.

Mesoblast, 32.

Mesoglœa, 230.

Mesoshippus, 113.

Metaphyta, 244.

Metaplasm, 4, 5.

Metazoa, 229, 230.

Metencephalon, 199.

Mice, 127.

Microgromia socialis, 22.

Microlestes, 106.

Midas, 242.

Mimicry, 128, 147.

Mind, 216.

Miohippus, 113.

Misumena vatia, 142.

Mitosis, 7, 25.

Moles, 127, 157.

Mollusca, 96, 98, 99, 100, 232, 233.

Monera, 230.

Monism, 208.

Monkeys, Capuchin, 242.

Monkeys, howling, 242.

Monkeys, New World, 241.

Monkeys, Old World, 241.

Monkeys, primitive, 111.

Monkeys, spider, 242.

Monkeys, squirrel, 242.

Monocotyledones, 245.

Monodelphia, 233.

Monotheism, 210.

Monotremes, 106, 107, 239.

Morula, 31.

Mosses, 244.

Moths, 59, 61, 102.

Mountains, Appalachian, 87.

Mountains, Coast Range, 89.

Mountains, Colorado, 88.

Mountains, Wahsatch, 88.

Multituberculata, 111.

Musk sheep, 151.

Mycetes, 242.

Myriapoda, 233.

Natural Selection, 119, 120, 124, 131, 132, 134, 137, 138, 141, 143, 147, 149, 152, 153, 158, 160, 162, 165, 225.

Nautiloids, 98.

Nautilus, 98.

Nemathelminthes, 232.

Nemertina, 233.

Newfoundland, 121.

Nicaragua, 146.

Noctiluca, 18, 230.

North America, development of, 85.

Notochord, 234, 235.

Nucleus, 6, 41, 44, 51.

Nucleus, as formative center, 8.

Nucleus, hermaphroditic, 43.

Nucleus, reduction of, 46.

Oaks, 245.

Odontornithes, 238.

Olfactory lobes, 199.

Optic lobes, 199.

Ontogeny, 178, 179, 180.

Onychophora, 233.

Oösperm, 31, 173.

Oösperm, segmentation of, 31.

Operculum, 196.

Ophidia, 238.

Opponens Hallucis, 190, 191.

Orangs, 243, 244.

Orchis, 141, 163.

Ornithodelphia, 239.

Orohippus, 113.

Orthoceratites, 98, 99, 100.

Osteoblasts, 13.

Osteoclasts, 13.

Ostracoderms, 100, 101.

Ova, 56.

Ovum, fertilized, 180.

Ovum, human, 28, 31.

Ovum, maturation of, 29, 43, 46.

Oyster, 234.

Palms, 245.

Pandorina morum, 24, 31.

Pangenesis, 66, 69.

Pangenesis, modified, 68, 71.

Pangennæ, 6.

Paramecium, 230.

Parrots, 127.

Parthenogenesis, 42, 59.

Partridge, 134.

Paupers, 223.

Peacocks, 152.

Pelicans, 134.

Perception, 207.

Perennibranchiata, 177, 238.

Period, Cambrian, 85, 96.

Period, Carboniferous, 85, 87, 102.

Period, Cretaceous, 85, 88, 108, 110.

Period, Devonian, 85, 87, 100.

Period, Jurassic, 85, 88, 106, 110.

Period, Ordovician, 96.

Period, Permian, 104.

Period, Quaternary, 85, 89, 113.

Period, Silurian, 85, 87, 96, 98.

Period, Tertiary, 85, 112.

Period, Triassic, 85, 105, 110.

Peripatus, 233.

Phanerogams, 244.

Pheasants, 134, 152.

Phosphorescence, 20.

Phrynocephalus mystaceus, 141.

Phylogeny, 178, 179, 180.

Pig, domesticated, 121.

Pigeons, Wild Rock, 120.

Pigeons, fantail, 120.

Pigeons, fruit-eating, 127.

Pigeons, pouter, 120.

Pigeons, tumbler, 120.

Pigeons, white-headed fruit, 131.

Pines, 100, 102, 245.

Pisces, 234, 236.

Plagiostomi, 236.

Plants, land, 96, 97, 99, 100.

Plants, flowering, 100, 110, 244.

Plants, flowerless, 100, 244.

Plants, generalized, 102.

Plants, unicellular, 4.

Plants, multicellular, 4.

Plastids, 5.

Platyhelminthes, 232.

Platyrrhinæ, 241.

Pleuracanthus, 103.

Pliohippus, 113.

Plovers, 131.

Polar bodies, 29.

Polyodon, 237.

Polyps, 32, 231.

Polypterus, 236.

Polytheism, 210.

Poplars, 245.

Porifera, 25, 230.

Pouter, 120.

Preferential mating, 157, 159, 169.

Primates, 239.

Primitive man, 187.

Primrose, 163.

Proboscidea, 239.

Pronucleus, female, 29, 31.

Pronucleus, male, 29, 31.

Prosencephalon, 199.

Protective Imitation of Particular Objects, 138.

Protective Resemblance, 128.

Proteus, 237.

Protohippus, 113.

Protophyta, 244.

Protoplasm, 4, 5, 33, 44.

Protopterus, 237.

Protozoa, 229, 230.

Protozoa, flagellate, 24, 25.

Protozoa, colonial, 22, 25.

Pseudo-heredity, 53.

Pseudopodia, 12.

Psychic phenomena, 207.

Ptarmigan, 131.

Pteridophyta, 244.

Pterosauria, 107, 109, 238.

Ptilopus cinctus, 131.

Quadrula, 17, 230.

Recognition Marks, 150.

Reducing process, 46.

Redwood, 111.

Regeneration of lost parts, 50.

Reptiles, 96, 104, 106, 107, 109, 110, 152, 157, 235, 238.

Reptiles, Age of, 110.

Reptiles, generalized, 104, 107.

Reptiles, land, 107.

Reptiles, sea, 107.

Reptiles, extinction of, 125.

Reptiles, of bat-like form, 107.

Reptiles, of lizard-like form, 104.

Rabbit, 151.

Radiolaria, 97.

Ratitæ, 238.

Raven, 132.

Rays, 106, 236.

Recognition Marks, 128, 150, 169.

Religion, 221, 222.

Rhinencephalon, 199.

Rhinoceros, 112.

Rhizopoda, 230.

Ribs, 194.

Rocks, table of stratified, 95.

Rodentia, 239.

Rotalia, 13, 23.

Rotatoria, 232.

Rotifer, 232.

Ruminants, 111, 137.

Rupture, 190.

Saitis pulex, 156.

Salamanders, 103, 147.

Salamandra, 237.

Salmons, 157, 158, 237.

Saururæ, 238.

Scaphopoda, 234.

Scorpions, 99, 233.

Sea, Cretaceous, 68.

Sea, Palæozoic, 86.

Sea-anemones, 231.

Sea-cucumbers, 232.

Seals, 160.

Seaweeds, 96, 97, 244.

Sea-urchins, 97, 99, 232.

Selfishness, 216.

Selection, artificial, 120, 121.

Selection, insect, 160, 164.

Selection, natural, 119, 120, 122, 124, 131, 132, 134, 137, 138, 141, 143, 147, 149, 152, 153, 158, 160, 162, 165, 225.

Selection, physiological, 169.

Selection, rational, 214.

Selection, sexual, 152, 153, 154, 157, 158, 164.

Sharks, 106, 107, 109, 235.

Sharks, primitive, 100.

Sheep, 121.

Sheep, heath, 169.

Sheep, merino, 169.

Shrimps, 103, 233.

Simia, 243, 244.

Simiidæ, 242, 243, 244.

Simiinæ, 244.

Sinus venosus, 236.

Siredon, 62, 63.

Siren, 237.

Sirenia, 239.

Skye-terrier, 121.

Sloths, 114.

Snail, 234.

Snakes, 135, 136, 137, 138, 147, 148, 149.

Snipe, 131.

Social evolution, goal of, 220.

Soil, 69.

Somatic-cells, 45.

Spermatozoid, 29, 43, 56.

Sphinx fuciformis, 138.

Spider, 141, 142, 143, 146, 158, 233.

Spider, love-dance of, 156.

Spindle, 27.

Sponges, 25, 96, 97, 99, 230.

Spongioplasm, 5.

Sports, 48, 49, 53.

Spring-bok, 151.

Spruces, 245.

Squids, 98, 234.

Squirrels, 157.

Stag, 157.

Star-fishes, 96, 97, 99, 232.

Stegocephala, 103, 104, 106, 238.

Sticklebacks, 157, 158.

Stone-lily, 232.

Storks, 134.

Struggle for Existence, 124.

Sturgeon, 237.

Stylonychia, 10, 230.

Sumatra, 140.

Sunbirds, 130, 131.

Survival of the Fittest, 120, 122, 138, 143.

Symmetry, bilateral, 231, 232, 233.

Symmetry, radial, 231.

Sympathy, 216.

Tadpoles, 58, 59, 174, 175.

Tail, 195.

Tanagers, 152.

Tapir, 112.

Tarsius, 241.

Tee Tees, 242.

Teleostomi, 236.

Teleosts, 101, 106, 109, 110, 237.

Temperature, 54, 61.

Tetrao cupido, 159.

Thalamencephalon, 199.

Thalami, 199.

Thallophyta, 244.

Theromorpha, 104, 105, 106, 238.

Thomisus citreus, 141.

Threads, chromatin, 6.

Threads, hereditary, 31, 41.

Threads, nuclear, 6.

Tiger, protective coloration of, 128, 129.

Tiger, saber-toothed, 114.

Timor, island of, 132.

Toad, 238.

Tortoises, 157.

Toxalbumin, 16.

Toxines, 15.

Tree of Life, 182, 183, 184.

Trilobites, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 103, 233.

Triton, 175, 237.

Tumbler, 120.

Tunicata, 234.

Turtledoves, 154.

Ungulata, 239.

Ungulates, even-toed, 111.

Ungulates, odd-toed, 111.

Units, hereditary, 41, 42, 43, 45.

Units, invisible, 7.

Units, morphological, 4.

Units, physiological, 6, 8.

Units, structural, 4.

Units, visible, 7.

Urodela, 237.

Use, 60, 63, 64, 216.

Uterus, displacements of, 190.

Vacuole, 5.

Variations, 39, 46, 54, 120, 143, 167, 168.

Variations, blastogenetic, 54, 55, 56.

Variations, examples of, 39.

Variations, harmful, 168.

Variations, neutral, 168.

Variations, somatogenetic, 54, 55, 60.

Variations, through amphimixis, 46, 166.

Variations, useful, 168.

Varieties, commencing species, 168.

Varieties, isolation of, 166.

Velvet, 14.

Vena cava, 236, 237.

Ventricles, 233, 236, 237.

Vermes, 232.

Vermiform appendix, 194.

Vertebrata, 100, 105, 108, 234.

Vestigial structures, 198.

Volvox globator, 24, 32.

Waders, 157.

Wasp, 146, 147.

Weevils, 147.

Whales, 107, 124, 165.

White blood-corpuscles, 15.

Will, 207, 223.

Woodcock, 131.

Woodpecker, 155, 157.

Worms, 232.

Worms, earth, 233.

Worms, flat, 232.

Worms, round, 232.

Worms, sea or marine, 96, 233.

Worms, star, 233.

Worms, unsegmented, 232.

Zebra, 129.

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