CHAPTER X.

LEARNING AND LANGUAGE.

Character of the Irish Monastic Church for learning 419 Resorted to by foreign students 420 Iona as a school of learning 421 Literature of the Monastic Church 422 The _Scribhnidh_, or scribes in the monasteries 423 The Book of Armagh 423 Hagiology of the Irish Church 425 Analysis of the Lives of St. Patrick 427 Lives of St. Bridget 443 Hagiology of the Scottish Church 444 Bearing of the Church on the education of the people 444 The _Ferleiginn_, or lector 444 The Scolocs 446 Influence of the Church on literature and language 448 Art of writing introduced 448 Spoken dialects of Irish 450 Peculiarities of Irish dialects 451 Written Irish 452 Scotch Gaelic 453 Origin of Scotch Gaelic 454 A written language introduced by Scottish monks 457 Gaelic termed Scottish, and Lowland Scotch, English 459 A.D. 1478-1560. Period of neglected education and no learning 461 After 1520 Scotch Gaelic called Irish, and the name Scotch passes over to Lowland Scotch 462 After Reformation Scotch Gaelic becomes a written language 463

APPENDIX. I. The old Irish Life of St. Columba; being a discourse on his Life and Character delivered to the Brethren on his Festival. Translated from the original Irish text by W. Maunsell Hennessey, Esq., M.R.I.A. 467 II. The Rule of St. Columba 508 III. Catalogue of Religious Houses at the end of the Chronicle of Henry of Silgrave, c. A.D. 1272, so far as it relates to Scotland 509

ILLUSTRATIVE MAPS.

Map of Iona, showing site of the monasteries _to face page_ 100

Map illustrating history of the Monastic ” 178 Church prior to eighth century

Map illustrating state of the Church in the ” 418 reign of David I.

BOOK II.

_CHURCH AND CULTURE._

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