Part 30
Shufeldt, R. W., notice of his “Osteology of the North American Tetraonidæ,” 44; notice of his “Osteology of _Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides_,” 45; notice of his “The Claw on the Index Digit of the Cathartidæ,” 46; note on _Mimus polyglottus_, 180; notes upon the osteology of _Cinclus mexicanus_, 213.
Sialia arctica, 35, 62, 76, 118, 227. mexicana, 76, 215, 218. sialis, 7, 34, 90, 97, 104, 109, 130, 133, 135, 161, 187, 234.
Sitta canadensis, 97, 109, 154, 156, 192, 234. carolinensis, 109, 187. carolinensis aculeata, 62, 81. pusilla, 97, 98. pygmæa, 80, 81.
Siurus auricapillus, 10, 17, 110, 161. motacilla, 17, 37, 49, 160, 161. nævius, 10, 110, 138, 215, 218, 234. nævius notabilis, 138. Skylark, Missouri, 8, 35.
Snake-bird, 42, 61, 225.
Snipe, 238. Grass, 222. Jack, 222. Red-breasted, 238. Robin, 256. Wilson’s, 41, 114, 165, 222.
Snowbird, 13, 155, 156. Black, 38, 148, 235. Gray-headed, 194. Mexican, 195. Oregon, 38, 194. Red-backed, 195.
Solitaire, Townsend’s, 76.
Somateria mollissima, 240. spectabilis, 240.
Sora, 223.
Sparrow, Black-throated, 195. Boucard’s, 196. Brewer’s, 38, 194. Cassin’s, 195. Chipping, 48, 148. English, 88. Field, 13, 18, 21, 38, 48, 91. Fox, 39. Harris’s, 38. House, 256. Ipswich, 190. Lincoln’s, 13, 21. Oak-woods, 17, 21, 50, 162, 192. Ridgway’s, 38. Rock, 38, 258. Rufous-winged, 195. Rusty Song, 229. Savanna, 12, 148, 162, 235. Slate-colored, 197. Song, 13, 39, 48, 49, 112, 148, 197, 235. Swamp, 148, 163. Tree, 48. Western Chipping, 38, 194. Western Savanna, 38. Western Song, 196. Western Tree, 228. White-crowned, 12, 20, 38, 148, 236, 253. White-throated, 12, 20, 95, 122, 148, 162, 236. Yellow-winged, 17, 38, 99, 121.
Spatula clypeata, 19, 22, 224.
Spelman, Henry M., _Dendræca palmarum_ again in Massachusetts, 54; the Short-billed Marsh Wren in New Hampshire, 118.
Speotyto cunicularia hypogæa, 173.
Sphyropicus varius, 40, 63, 150, 170, 188. williamsoni, 242.
Spiza americana, 13, 17, 92, 112, 250.
Spizella breweri, 38, 194. domestica arizonæ, 38. montana, 48. monticola, 228. monticola ochracea, 227, 228. pallida, 13. pusilla, 13, 18, 21, 38, 48, 91, 188. socialis, 13, 46, 48, 62, 148, 188. socialis arizonæ, 194.
Spoon-bill, Roseate, 222, 224.
Squatarola helvetica, 238, 256.
Steganopus wilsoni, 238.
Stejneger, Leonhard, notice of his nomenclatural innovations, 178.
Stelgidopteryx serripennis, 12, 37, 146, 162.
Stellaria, 179.
Stercorarius longicaudatus, 179. parasiticus, 179, 240. pomatorhinus, 240.
Sterna anglica, 225. antillarum, 94. cantiaca acuflavida, 225. forsteri, 126, 225. longipennis, 242. macrura, 241. pikii, 242. regia, 225.
Stilt, Black-necked, 105.
Strepsilas, 179. interpres, 222, 238.
Strigops, 88.
Strix flammea, 87, 178. flammea americana, 172. nebulosa, 18, 21, 42, 150, 184, 237. perlata, 87.
Sturnella magna, 92, 99, 163, 166, 176, 188. magna neglecta, 62. neglecta, 40, 227.
Sula bassana, 240.
Surnia funerea, 237.
Swallow, Bank, 12, 91, 110. Barn, 11, 37, 48, 91, 110, 235. Cliff, 11, 146, 235. Crescent, 123. Eave, 37, 110. Rough-winged, 12, 37, 146, 162. Violet-green, 123, 146, 182. White-bellied, 11, 91, 110, 146, 235.
Swan, American, 224. Trumpeter, 224. Whistling, 224.
Swift, Chimney, 92, 150, 163, 169, 236. White-throated, 122, 211.
Symphemia, 245.
Syrnium nebulosum, 87, 172. uralense, 87.
Tachycineta bicolor, 11, 91, 110, 146, 187, 235. thalassina, 123, 146, 182.
Tadorna cornuta, 179. dameatica, 179.
Talbot, D. H., the Swallow-tailed Kite in Dakota, 59.
Tanager, Cooper’s, 147. Liver-colored, 146. Louisiana, 146. Scarlet, 12, 16, 64, 104, 111, 186. Summer, 99, 113, 249.
Tantalus loculator, 222.
Tattler, 222. Greater, 239. Solitary, 239.
Teal, Blue-winged, 19, 22, 165, 224, 239. Cinnamon, 224. Green-winged, 42, 224, 239.
Telmatodytes palustris, 8, 17, 49, 256. palustris paludicola, 227.
Tern, Arctic, 241. Cabot’s, 225. Forster’s, 126, 225. Gull-billed, 225. Least, 94. Royal, 225. Short-tailed, 190.
Tetrao canadensis franklini, 61. obscurus richardsoni, 63.
Thorndike, A., note on _Mareca americana_, 185.
Thrasher, 112. Bendire’s, 69, 74. Brown, 161. Crissal, 74. Leconte’s, 73, 74. Palmer’s, 71, 74.
Thrush, Bicknell’s, 258. Brown, 7, 90, 95, 99. Dwarf, 34, 67. Golden-crowned, 10, 17, 110, 161. Gray-cheeked, 19, 155, 189. Hermit, 48, 67, 108, 155, 156, 190, 234. Large-billed Water, 17, 37, 49, 160, 161. Northern Water, 138. Olive-backed, 7, 48, 108, 155, 156, 234. Russet-backed, 68. Tawny, 17, 19. Water, 10, 110, 234. Willow, 257. Wilson’s, 7, 48, 108. Wood, 6, 17, 18, 48, 90, 160.
Thryomanes bewicki, 19, 253. bewicki leucogaster, 35, 82.
Thryothorus bewicki, 8. bewicki leucogaster, 52. ludovicianus, 8, 35, 90, 116, 161.
Tinnunculus sparverius, 41, 173.
Tit, Black-crested, 35. Lead-colored, 80. Pallid Ground, 257. Yellow-headed, 81.
Titlark, 8, 35, 64, 82, 189, 234.
Titmouse, Gray, 257. Plain, 79. Tufted, 8, 18, 52, 90, 161. Wollweber’s, 79, 81. Yellow-headed, 83.
Totanus, 245. flavipes, 239. melanoleucus, 42, 101, 239. nebularius, 179. semipalmatus, 222.
Towhee, 95, 105, 163. Abert’s, 198. Cañon, 197. Green-tailed, 197. Spurred, 39, 197.
Townsend, Charles H., remarkable plumage of the Orchard Oriole, 181; note on the Long-tailed Duck, 251.
Tringa, 245. bairdi, 60, 113, 124. canutus, 113, 256. maculata, 222. minutilla, 124, 222.
Tringoides macularius, 63, 151, 165, 188, 239.
Trochilus alexandri, 210. colubris, 17, 46, 92, 102, 150, 163, 169, 188, 248.
Troglodytes aëdon, 8, 19, 82, 109, 180, 187. aëdon parkmani, 82.
Trombley, Jerome, the Swallow-tailed Kite (_Elanoïdes forficatus_) taken in Southern Michigan, 250.
Turdus, 245. fuscescens, 7, 19, 48, 62, 108, 187. grayi, 215. migratorius, 6, 56, 108, 115, 160, 187, 227, 234. migratorius propinquus, 34, 62, 68, 227. mustelinus, 6, 17, 18, 48, 90, 160. nanus, 127. pallasi, 48, 67, 108, 118, 155, 156, 190, 234. swainsoni, 7. unalascæ, 67. unalascæ nanus, 234. ustulatus, 68. ustulatus swainsoni, 7, 48, 108, 155, 156, 234.
Turkey, Mexican, 41. Water, 225. Wild, 21, 93, 175.
Turnstone, 222, 238.
Tyrannus carolinensis, 17, 92, 149, 163, 168, 169, 188, 236. verticalis, 113, 202. vociferans, 202.
Uria grylle, 241.
Urinator, 179. immer, 179. lumme, 179. torquatus, 179.
Utamania torda, 242.
Vanellus capella, 179. cristatus, 179.
Vireo, 245. atricapillus, 37. belli, 11, 143, 144. flavifrons, 10, 11, 16, 37, 188. gilvus, 11, 17, 46, 142, 162, 187. gilvus swainsoni, 62, 142. huttoni, 142. huttoni stephensi, 142, 258. noveboracensis, 10, 11, 17, 37, 91, 99, 104, 162, 176. olivaceus, 11, 17, 18, 46, 91, 111, 162, 187. philadelphicus, 111. pusillus, 143, 144. solitarius, 11, 20, 111, 142. solitarius cassini, 142. solitarius plumbeus, 142. vicinior, 145.
Vireo, Bell’s, 11. Black-capped, 37. Cassin’s, 142. Gray, 145. Least, 144. Philadelphia, 111. Plumbeous, 142. Red-eyed, 11, 17, 18, 91, 111, 162. Solitary, 11, 20, 111. Stephen’s, 142, 258. Warbling, 11, 17, 142, 162. White-eyed, 10, 11, 17, 37, 91, 99, 104, 162, 176. Yellow-throated, 10, 11, 16, 37.
Vireosylvia gilva, 11, 17, 162. olivacea, 11, 17, 18, 91, 162.
Vulture, Black, 41, 103, 164, 174. King, 258.
Wagtail, Swinhoe’s, 257.
Warbler, Audubon’s, 138. Bay-breasted, 9, 17, 19, 104, 252. Black-and-yellow, 9, 17, 19, 109, 154, 156, 234. Blackburnian, 9, 17, 36, 104, 109, 161, 234. Black-capped, 10. Black-capped Yellow, 20, 235. Black-poll, 9, 95, 128, 156, 234, 253. Black-throated Blue, 17, 109. Black-throated Gray, 138. Black-throated Green, 9, 17, 37, 49, 109, 192, 234. Blue, 17, 19. Blue-winged Yellow, 17, 18, 19, 49. Blue Yellow-backed, 8, 16, 36, 90, 95, 96, 161. Canada Flycatching, 10, 16, 20, 110, 235. Cape May, 17, 19, 110, 252. Chestnut-headed Yellow, 257. Chestnut-sided, 9, 17, 104, 109. Cærulean, 18, 119. Connecticut, 20, 190. Golden-cheeked, 36. Golden-winged, 9, 19. Hooded, 10, 17, 20, 91, 96, 119, 162. Kentucky, 10, 17, 18, 20, 49, 91, 160, 162. Lucy’s, 82, 141. Macgillivray’s, 139. Mourning, 10, 17, 20, 110, 154, 156, 252. Nashville, 17, 19, 36, 109. Olive-headed, 135. Orange-crowned, 9, 36, 53. Pileolated, 139. Pine-creeping, 9, 17, 20, 95, 97, 99, 119, 128, 161. Prairie, 16, 20. Prothonotary, 9, 16, 18, 19, 49, 90, 96. Red-poll, 17. Summer, 234. Tennessee, 9, 17, 19, 53, 234, 252. Townsend’s, 138. Western Orange-crowned, 85. White-browed Yellow-throated, 36, 49, 160, 161. Worm-eating, 9, 17, 56, 96. Yellow, 109, 137. Yellow Red-poll, 49. Yellow-rumped, 9, 36, 49, 95, 109, 119, 137, 234. Yellow-throated, 9, 16, 19, 99, 253.
Waxwing, Cedar, 146, 162.
Whip-poor-will, 40, 149. Stephens’s, 211, 258.
Widgeon, 185, 224.
Widman, O., Cuckoos laying in the nests of other birds, 56.
Willet, 222.
Williams, R. S., notes on some birds of the Belt Mountains, Montana Territory, 61; description of a nest of the Water Ouzel, 118; the White-throated Swift breeding on Belt River, Montana, 122.
Woodcock, American, 22, 94, 151, 165.
Woodpecker, Black-backed Three-toed, 150, 236. Downy, 92, 97, 150, 164, 170, 236. Golden-fronted, 40. Golden-winged, 63, 97, 150, 171, 237. Hairy, 18, 97, 150, 170, 236. Ivory-billed, 92, 170. Pileated, 63, 150, 164, 170, 236. Red-bellied, 40, 95, 97, 164, 171. Red-cockaded, 97, 170. Red-headed, 18, 21, 57, 63, 93, 116, 117, 164, 171. Texas, 40, 170. Yellow-bellied, 40, 150, 170.
Wren, Bewick’s, 19, 253. Cactus, 82. Carolina, 8, 35, 90, 116, 161. House, 8, 19, 82, 109, 180. Long-billed Marsh, 8, 17, 49, 256. Long-tailed House, 8. Punctulated, 257. Rock, 35, 82. Short-billed Marsh, 8, 118, 121. Texan Bewick’s, 35. White-bellied, 52, 82. White-throated, 35. Winter, 109, 154.
Xanthocephalus icterocephalus, 117, 166, 236.
Yellowbird, Summer, 9, 16, 161.
Yellow-legs, Greater, 42, 101.
Yellow-shanks, 239.
Yellow-throat, Belding’s, 257. Maryland, 10, 17, 18, 91, 110, 139, 162, 234.
Zamelodia ludoviciana, 17, 18, 21, 105, 148, 186. melanocephala, 199.
Zenaidura carolinensis, 21, 41, 46, 93, 105, 165, 174, 188, 227, 238.
Zonotrichia albicollis, 12, 20, 95, 113, 122, 148, 162, 236. boucardi, 26. gambeli intermedia, 12, 38, 227. leucophrys, 12, 20, 38, 114, 236, 253. querula, 38.
ERRATA.
Vol. VI, page 199, line 10, for “centimeters” read “millimeters.”
„ VII, „ 9, „ 12, for “BLUE-WINGED YELLOW” read “GOLDEN-WINGED.”
„ „ „ 26, „ 6, for “An indistinct, dusky” read “A black.”
„ „ „ 26, foot note, for “οὐκέω” read “οἰκέω.”
„ „ „ 47, „ „ line 3, for “Water” read “Winter.”
„ „ „ 119, line 8, for “struggling” read “straggling.”
„ „ „ 122, „ 9, from bottom, for “Rellon” read “Redlon.”
„ „ „ 123, „ 28, for “Before” read “Upon.”
„ „ „ 164, „ 11, for “chince” read “china.”
„ „ „ 165, „ 31, for “‘Poulet Dean’” read “‘Poulette d’Eau.’”
„ „ „ 178, „ 3, for “_Cincinnurus_” read “_Cicinnurus_.”
-----
Footnote 1:
_Cf._ Bull. U. S. Geol. Geog. Survey Terr. Vol. IV, No. 1, pp. 231, 232.
Footnote 2:
After many careful examinations of the type specimen, I am led to the conclusion that it does represent the perfect colored phase, since no combination, or division, of the markings of _A. herodias_ and _A. occidentalis_—or, in other words, no partial development of the head-pattern of the former—would give the peculiar markings which distinguish _A. würdemanni_.
Footnote 3:
The pattern of coloration of the head exactly as in _A. herodias_, and not at all like _A. würdemanni_.
Footnote 4:
This bone is described in Mivart’s “Lessons in Elementary Anatomy,” p. 320, fig. 289; and by Alix in his “Essai sur l’Appareil locomoteur des Oiseaux,” p. 403. Being out of town fuller references cannot be given.
Footnote 5:
In his “Essai sur l’Appareil locomoteur des Oisseaux,” Alix figures (pl. II. fig. 12) the carpus of a Kestrel with a simple sesamoid.
Footnote 6:
[See Erratum on p. 64 of this issue.—EDD.]
Footnote 7:
These all common on the date when first observed.
Footnote 8:
The difference between the season just passed in the arrival and time of nesting of the birds, may be illustrated by the fact that in the spring of 1880, _Setophaga ruticilla_ was noted near Wheatland April 1, while in the spring of 1878, eggs of _Protonotaria citrea_ were obtained near Mt. Carmel April 27.
Footnote 9:
Baird, Brewer and Ridgway’s Birds N. Am., Vol. III, p. 45.
Footnote 10:
_Eremœca_ = ἔρημος + οἰκέω.
Footnote 11:
Mr. Ridgway has found that fully ninety-five per cent of the Screech Owls of the Wabash Valley, in southern Illinois, are _red_.
Footnote 12:
The small quadrate spots on the primaries and the indistinct tail bands, characters which have been held as diagnostic, are both shown by my series to be inconstant and of no varietal significance.
Footnote 13:
As my material is not at present sufficiently comprehensive to enable me to define the limits of distribution of this race I leave the compilation of its synonymy to those who may have better opportunities in this respect.
Footnote 14:
“Review of the American Species of the genus Scops.” Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. I, pp. 85–117.
Footnote 15:
This arrangement leaves a large portion of the Middle Province without any characteristic representative, _maxwellæ_ being an Alpine form apparently confined to the Rocky Mountains, while _kennicotti_ and “_tricopsis_” respectively invade only its northern and southern borders. Our knowledge of the subject is not as yet sufficiently comprehensive to enable me to fill this gap, but all the available evidence goes to show that _asio_, at least as above defined, is not found to the westward of the Rocky Mountain range.
Footnote 16:
See Brewster, this Bull., Vol. IV, pp. 75–80 and 91–103.
Footnote 17:
See Orn. Lower Rio Grande, Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv., IV, No. 1, 1878, p. 10.
Footnote 18:
Birds Dak. and Mont., Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv., IV, No. 3, 1878, p. 561.
Footnote 19:
Four specimens were known before Mr. Werner explored Comal Co., in 1878. In his article on Werner’s Birds (this Bull., Vol. IV, p. 77), Mr. Brewster does not state just how many were taken.
Footnote 20:
Hist. N. A. Birds, Vol. I, 1874, p. 579.
Footnote 21:
See _anteà_, p. 26.
Footnote 22:
Mr. Ridgway acquiesces in the identification made of my inconstant examples of this species and _Pipilo maculatus_, in a letter from which I here make an extract: “The Pipilos appear to be neither true _arcticus_ nor true _megalonyx_, and are almost as near (one of them at least) to _maculatus_ of Mexico. They are, however, less like _arcticus_ than either.... You will notice that one of the specimens has a very considerable admixture of _grayish_ on the upper parts. Now, were this color more _olivaceous_, the specimen in question would be exactly like _maculatus_. The Song Sparrows are about equally like _M. fasciata_ and _M. fallax_, but in colors appear to me to be nearer the former, as _fallax_ has the markings less sharply contrasted. The specimens are, however, more like _fallax_ in the grayness of the plumage. Upon the whole, I would say that they are nearer _fasciata_ than _fallax_.”
Footnote 23:
See Field and Forest, Feb. 1877, p. 131.
Footnote 24:
See Orn. Lower Rio Grande, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv., IV, No. 1, 1878, p. 39.
Footnote 25:
See Ibis, 1866, p. 33.
Footnote 26:
In Memoriam. The Collected Scientific Papers of the late Alfred Henry Garrod, M. D., F. R. S., etc. Edited, with a biographical memoir of the author, by W.A. Forbes, B. A., etc. London: R. H. Porter: 6 Tenterden Street. 1881. 1 vol. 8vo. pp. xxvi, 538, pll. 33, frontisp. (portrait), and many cuts in text.
Footnote 27:
Osteology of the North American Tetraonidæ. By Dr. R. W. Shufeldt, U.S.A. Bull. U.S. Geol. and Geog. Surv. Territories, Vol. VI, No. 2, pp. 309–350, pll. V-XIII.
Footnote 28:
Osteology of Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides. By Dr. R. W. Shufeldt, U.S.A. Bull. U.S. Geol. and Geog. Surv. Territories, Vol. VI, No. 2, pp. 351–359, pl. XIV.
Footnote 29:
Illustrations of the Nests and Eggs of the Birds of Ohio. Part VIII, April, 1881 Part IX, July, 1881. Pll. xxii-xxvii. fol.
Footnote 30:
American Naturalist, Nov., 1881, pp. 906–908.
Footnote 31:
Osteografische Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Vögel. Ueber das Nagelglieder der Flügelfinger, besonders der Daumen. Leipzig, 1811, S. 89.
Footnote 32:
A List of the Birds of Minnesota. By Dr. P. L. Hatch. Ninth Ann. Rep. Geol. and Nat. Hist Surv. Minn., for 1880, 1881, pp. 361–372.
The Water Birds of Minnesota. By Thomas S. Roberts. _Op. cit._, pp. 373–383.
Footnote 33:
On birds observed in Amelia County, Virginia. By Percy E. Freke. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society, Vol. III, Part III. [Read Feb. 21st, 1881.]
Footnote 34:
Field Notes on Louisiana Birds. By Dr. F. W. Langdon. Jour. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist., July, 1881, pp. 145–155.
Footnote 35:
Forty Years’ Notes of a Field Ornithologist, by John Krider, Member of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences and author of Krider’s Sporting Anecdotes, Philadelphia. Giving a description of all birds killed and prepared by him. Philadelphia, 1879, 8vo. pp. i-xi, 1–84.
Footnote 36:
Zoölogical Miscellany, edited by Dr. F. W. Langdon. Jour. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. IV, Dec., 1881, pp. 336–346.
Footnote 37:
Annotated List of the Birds of Nevada. By W. J. Hoffman, M. D. Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geog. Survey of the Territories, Vol. VI, No. 2, Sept. 19, 1881, pp. 203–256, and map.
Footnote 38:
Ornithologist and Oölogist, Vol. VI, pp. 78, 79.
Footnote 39:
This Bulletin, Vol. III, p. 123.
Footnote 40:
See this Bulletin, Vol. IV, p. 137.
Footnote 41:
Its distribution in Arizona is apparently limited to a comparatively small area which, according to Mr. Stephens’ experience, is bounded on the east by the valley of the San Pedro; on the west by a point “a few miles east of the Hassayampa, on the desert between it and Salt River.”
Footnote 42:
Vol. XV, No. 3, March, 1881.
Footnote 43:
This Bulletin, Vol. VI, p. 67.
Footnote 44:
Birds of the Colorado Valley, p. 74.
Footnote 45:
Birds of the Colorado Valley, p. 75.
Footnote 46:
In a recent letter Mr. Stephens adds:—“From my own observations I should characterize the respective haunts of the Arizona Thrashers as follows: _H. lecontei_ is exclusively a bird of the deserts. _H. bendirei_ is a desert bird approaching the valleys. _H. palmeri_ occurs along the edge of deserts, occasionally appearing in valleys. _H. crissalis_ haunts valleys and broad cañons, seldom venturing into the deserts.”
Footnote 47:
The name “os prominens,” proposed by Dr. Shufeldt, has been adopted by me because it seems eminently proper that so large a sesamoid, frequently equalling the patella in size, should receive a distinctive appellation.
Footnote 48:
The English Sparrow, which is but an indifferent flyer, can be deprived of one-half of the secondaries and one-fourth of the primaries of both wings, in the long axis of the pinion, without apparently impairing its flight. See Pettigrew.
Footnote 49:
I find that this statement must be modified in regard to Gulls, if not retracted altogether, for since this paper was written I have found the os prominens in _Larus glaucus_ and _L. dominicanus_. It is present as a small, elongated, trihedral prism, imbedded in the tendon of the extensor patagii longus, and playing over the flattened surface of the scapho-lunar.
Footnote 50:
[See p. 122 of this issue.—EDD.]
Footnote 51:
For an account of its breeding at Houlton see this Bulletin, Vol. IV, pp. 37–39.
Footnote 52:
The Coues Check List of North American Birds, revised to date and entirely rewritten under direction of the author, with a Dictionary of the Etymology, Orthography and Orthoëpy of the scientific names, the Concordance of previous lists, and a Catalogue of his Ornithological Publications. Boston: Estes and Lauriat. 1882. 1 vol. roy. 8vo. pp. 165.
Footnote 53:
Extract from a Report of Exploration by Professor John Macoun, M. A., F.L.S. Report of Department of Interior (n. d., n. p. Ottawa, 1881? 8vo, pp. 48.)
Footnote 54:
A Revised List of the Birds of Brandon, Vt. and vicinity. By F. H. Knowlton. The Brandon Union (newspaper), February 10, 1882. See also, by the same author:—A Partial List of the Birds of Brandon, Vt. The Brandon Union, December 13, 1878.
Remarks on some Western Vermont Birds. Bull. Nutt. Ornith. Club, Vol. VII, January, 1882, pp. 63, 64.
Footnote 55:
Dr. C. Fr. W. Krukenberg. Die Farbstoffe der Federn, in Dessen Vergleichendphysiologische Studien. I Reihe, V Abth., 1881, s. 72–92. Plate III.
Footnote 56:
See this Bulletin, Vol. IV, p. 8.
Footnote 57:
See this Bulletin, Vol. VII, pp. 54–55.
Footnote 58:
It should be stated that Mr. Purdie, with characteristic courtesy, declines to publish this note as, after discovering his prior knowledge of the specimen, I requested him to do.
Footnote 59:
See Brewer, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. XVII, 1875, p. 446.
Footnote 60:
This Bulletin, Vol. VII, p. 40.
Footnote 61:
Voyages of Samuel de Champlain, translated from the French by Charles Pomeroy Otis, Ph.D., with historical illustrations, and a Memoir, by Rev. Edmund F. Slafter, A. M. Vol. II, 1604–1610, Boston, published by Prince Society, 1878.
Footnote 62:
Birds of the Northwest, 1874, pp. 679, 680.
Footnote 63:
Mr. Sennett and Dr. Merrill found it breeding on the Lower Rio Grande in Texas. (Sennett, B. Rio Grande, 1878, pp. 65, 66; Merrill, Ornith. Southern Texas, 1878, p. 172.)
Footnote 64:
This Bulletin, Vol. VII, p. 33.
Footnote 65:
For an excellent review of the races of _H. unalascæ_, by Mr. H. W. Henshaw, see this Bulletin, Vol. IV, p. 134. Several errors, perhaps typographical, are apparent in the tables of measurements given in this paper. For example, the bill of var. _pallasi_ is said to average .53 inch, whereas the largest specimen of that form is afterwards credited with a bill of only .51. Again, var. _nanus_ (_i.e._, _unalascæ_) does not appear from the table of extreme measurements to have been found with a smaller bill than .49, though it had previously been said to average .48. The difference in length of bill exhibited by the three races of this species is almost microscopic. A much more tangible character, not mentioned by Mr. Henshaw, lies in the disproportionate slenderness of the bill of the western varieties. In a rather large (wing 3.67) example of _unalascæ_ before me, the bill measured across the base of the culmen is but .20 wide, while in a specimen of var. _pallasi_ of the same site it is .25 wide.
Footnote 66:
Bull. Nutt. Ornith. Club, Vol. VI, pp. 225–235.
Footnote 67:
Descriptions of the various pigments may be found in:
Krukenberg, Dr. C. Fr. W.; Vergl.-phys. Studien, 1 R, v. Abth. 1881, SS. 72–99, u. 2 R, 1 Abth., 1882, SS. 151–171.
Bogdanow, A., Note sur le pigment des touracos. Compt. rend., T. LIV, 1862, pp. 660–663. Études sur les causes de la coloration des Oiseaux. Compt. rend T. XLVI, 1858, pp. 780, 781
Church, H. H., Researches on Turacine, an animal pigment containing copper. Chemical News, vol. XIX, 1869, No. 496.
Blasius, W., A. D. Sitzungsb des Vereins f. Naturwiss, zur Braunschweig. Braunschweigische Anzeigen, 1877, Nr. 29.
Footnote 68:
Annals N. Y. Lyceum Nat. Hist., Vol. XI, p. 136.
Footnote 69:
Hist. N. A. Birds, Vol. I, 1874, pp. 297–298.
Footnote 70: