CHAPTER II.

PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF THE ORGANS. SECTION I.—OF THE TONGUE. Cancer; Syphilitic Ulcer; Tumors; Ranula; Hypertrophy, 68 SECTION II.—OF THE LARYNX AND TRACHEA. Inflammation; Ulceration; Œdema; Necrosis of Cartilages; Abscess; Tumors; False Membranes, 69 SECTION III.—OF THE PHARYNX AND ŒSOPHAGUS. Inflammation; Ulceration; Stricture; Dilatation; Tumors, 72 SECTION IV.—OF THE PERICARDIUM. Inflammation; Adhesions; Effusions; Morbid Growths, 73 SECTION V.—OF THE HEART. 1. _Inflammatory Affection._ Pericarditis; Endocarditis, 76 2. _Valvular Affection._ Thickening; Calcification; Atrophy, 77 3. _Changes Affecting Size._ Hypertrophy; Dilatation; Atrophy, 79 4. _Morbid Condition of the Walls._ Fatty Degeneration, 82 5. _Morbid Growths._ Tumors; Cancer; Melanosis; Hydatids; Ossification of Coronary Arteries; Abscess; Malformations; Aneurism; Rupture, 84 6. _Displacements._ Ectopia Cordis; Transposition, 87 7. _Contents of Cavities._ Heart Clots, 88 SECTION VI.—THE AORTA AND ARTERIES GENERALLY. Inflammation; Fatty Degeneration; Ossification; Aneurism; Rupture, 98 SECTION VII.—OF THE PLEURA. Inflammation; Plastic Effusion; Adhesions; Serous Effusion; Sero-Purulent Effusions; Pneumothorax, 103 SECTION VIII.—OF THE LUNGS AND BRONCHIAL TUBES. Pneumonia; Congestion; Red Hepatization; Gray Hepatization; Suppuration and Abscess; Metastatic Abscess; Gangrene; Pulmonary Hæmorrhage; Pulmonary Apoplexy; Emphysema, 106 _Tubercular Disease of the Lungs_, 117 _Post-mortem Appearances in_, 118 _Morbid Growths._ Cancer; Melanosis; Hydatids, 120 _The Bronchial Tubes._ Bronchitis; Narrowing of; Dilatation of, 123 _The Mediastinum._ Inflammation; Abscess; Tumors, 126

PART III. THE ABDOMEN AND PELVIS.

THE OPERATION, 127