chapter 38

the two Latin texts are in virtual agreement.

[147]A gesture of respect.

[148]Literally “the sealing”. Perhaps all food sent to the sick is meant; but the passage is far from clear.

[149]Literally “count”.

[150]The apparent sense.

[151]The Ethiopic manuscripts vary in the form of the doxology.

[152]In Ethiopic use the Hallelujah Psalms are 104-106, 134-135, 145-150.

[153]Compare 26. 5-6.

[154]The restoration of sections 30-31 is conjectural.

[155]In this last sentence the (unintelligible) Latin has been corrected by the Sahidic.

[156]P. 35.

[157]Although not in discarding chapters 33-34 also.

[158]Pp. 77-83.

[159]See below.

[160]Acts 20. 28, etc.

[161]Romans 12. 1, 1 Peter 2. 5.

[162]Hebrews 13. 15, Revelation 8. 3.

[163]Philippians 4. 18, Hebrews 13. 16.

[164]1 Corinthians 11. 21.

[165]Compare p. 68.

[166]Many editions and translations; the best in English is A. L. Williams’ edition in the S.P.C.K. series of _Translations of Ancient Documents_, London, 1921.

[167]Genesis 1. 31.

[168]1 Timothy 4. 4-5.

[169]Ignatius, _Smyrnaeans_ 7. 1, etc., and Didache 9. 1, 5, are the earliest instances.

[170]It should be needless to remark that this recital of the institution is merely part of the historical narrative, and is wholly devoid of other implications. It was in no way thought necessary for the rite; compare the Didache and for later liturgies see, e.g., Cooper and Maclean, pp. 170-172.

[171]1 Corinthians 10. 3, John 6. 63.

[172]IV, 18, 4-5; I, 13, 2. Incidentally, Irenaeus teaches an invocation of the Logos, not the Spirit.

[173]1 Clement 44. 4, Didache 15. 1.

[174]Possibly a copyist’s error, misreading “facietis”. The Greek was of course ποιεῖτε.

[175]Through its use in St James it supplied the model for the Scottish and American Prayer Books.

[176]Mark 6. 13, James 5. 14.

[177]Compare Constitutions VIII, 30.

[178]Compare _ibid._, 29.

[179]The search for Greek antecedents has not been fruitful.

[180]English edition by H. Danby (S.P.C.K., 1919).

[181]πρεσβυτέριον or συνέδριον; the latter word passed into Aramaic as _sanhedrin_.

[182]In Jerusalem, however, the high priest presided as the religious head of Israel.

[183]In Judaism priesthood came by birth, not by ordination. The office had little dignity.

[184]A Rabbi’s authority was that of his personal learning. Very few presbyters could have been Rabbis, except in Jerusalem.

[185]The temple worship entered little into the outlook of most Jews. Outside the temple priests had almost no functions.

[186]“Adjuvet et gubernet”; in Greek (Constitutions VIII, 16, 4, Epitome VI, 2) ἀντιλαµβάνεσθαι καὶ κυβερνᾶν.

[187]Certain meals held by religious societies of Jews were only a specialized form of family devotions.

[188]Didache 15. 1.

[189]Best studied in the Didascalia.

[190]In very large churches conditions were different.

[191]Possibly implied in Constitutions VIII, 46, however.

[192]Most explicitly in Horner’s _a_.

[193]In Hermas “martyrs” (the word used) includes confessors. The Vision, of course, purports to describe a scene in heaven, but it naturally reflects the earthly status.

[194]In Rome _ca._ 250 there were only forty-six presbyters (Eusebius VI, 43, 11); evidently confessors were not included.

[195]E.g., Eusebius VI, 43, 6, where confessorship is called “the highest honour”.

[196]Yet the fact that the section goes on to threaten confessors who made clerical claims shows a different tradition existed.

[197]Eusebius VI, 43, 11.

[198]Eusebius, _l.c._ The other minor orders were doorkeepers, readers and acolytes. All are still extant in the Roman Catholic church, although now only as stages through which candidates for the priesthood pass; the same is virtually true of the subdiaconate and diaconate also.

[199]Acts 2. 41, 8. 38, 16. 33.

[200]In this passage “he sighed” should be rendered “he breathed”.

[201]Compare Justin, _Dialogue_ 116 f.

[202]Compare Sarapion.

[203]Leviticus 15. 5, etc.

[204]Contrast the reading of the Canons given in 19. 18.

[205]The trine formula in Matthew 28. 19 is textually insecure.

[206]Epistle 70 (69). 2.

[207]1 Corinthians 12. 13, etc., John 3. 5.

[208]Popular Christian terminology was not so hesitant.

[209]Baptism.

[210]Exodus 3. 8, etc.

[211]But the Testament has no words of administration for the wine.

[212]Due, presumably, to combining this section with the preceding. The Canons add eternal life and the eucharist.

[213]E.g., Constitutions VII, 45, 1. Compare the position of the Prayer in the Didache.

[214]Mark 6. 30-44; 8. 1-10 and parallels.

[215]Compare 1 Corinthians 11. 20-21.

[216]_Romans_ 7. 3; compare _Smyrnaeans_ 7. 1. In _Smyrnaeans_ 8. 1-2 the words are perhaps distinguished.

[217]1 Corinthians 11. 20.

[218]Since the benedictions used over eucharistic bread and wine and agape bread and wine (if wine was to be had) may have been identical, early Christians may often have been in doubt as to the meaning of a meal.

[219]P. 68.

[220]Literally “steadfast”.

[221]Riedel misses the meaning of _ksms_.

[222]Compare Tertullian, _On Prayer_ 18-19 for exaggerations of the same thought.

[223]The “stations” of Tertullian, _On Prayer_ 19.

[224]Exodus 29. 39; 25. 30.

[225]So explicitly in the Ethiopic.

[226]1 Peter 3. 19.

[227]E.g., Galatians 4. 14.

[228]Impurity can also be blown away; compare 20. 8 and (e.g.) Tertullian (_l.c._).

[229]Connolly (p. 104) prefers to say that the ceremony “is in some sense an integral part of the one and original baptism”.

INDEXES

A. BIBLICAL CITATIONS BY HIPPOLYTUS B. BIBLICAL REFERENCES IN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES C. PATRISTIC REFERENCES IN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES D. ANCIENT AND MODERN NAMES, WRITINGS AND SUBJECTS

A. BIBLICAL CITATIONS BY HIPPOLYTUS

Exodus 12. 22 _page_ 57 25. 30 55 29. 39 55 Numbers 9. 11 53 Matthew 5. 13 51 25. 6 56 25. 13 56 John 6. 50 55 10. 14 55 13. 10 55 Acts 1. 24 67 1 Corinthians 11. 10 43 11. 24-26 36 Revelation 2. 17 49

B. BIBLICAL REFERENCES IN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES

Genesis 1. 31 69 2. 7 89 Exodus 3. 8 95 12. 22 106 24. 9 75 24. 9-11 78 25. 30 104 29. 39 104 Leviticus 15. 5 91 15. 16-18 105 Numbers 9. 11 102 11. 25 78 Deuteronomy 18. 4 101 1 Samuel 16. 13 90 Psalm 51. 12 67 119. 164 103 Canticles 2. 1 102 Isaiah 6. 3 71 7. 15 95 9. 6 72 65. 2 72 Lamentations 1. 17 72 Zechariah 4. 12 75 Wisdom 14. 25-26 5 Matthew 3. 16 67 12. 40 105 13. 30 23 15. 11 2 18. 6 2 19. 9 2 25. 6 105 25. 13 105 26. 74 105 27. 24 104 28. 19 92 Mark 6. 13 74, 91 6. 30-44 97 7. 1-15 104 7. 34 89 8. 1-10 97 8. 6-7 68 14. 25 69 15. 25 104 15. 33 105 16. 18 61 Luke 3. 7 92 12. 13-16 2 22. 19-20 95 John 3. 5 93 6 97 6. 50 105 6. 63 71 10. 14 105 13. 10 89, 105 14. 30 88 19. 14 104 19. 34 105 20. 22 67 Acts 1. 24 67 2. 41 85 4. 27-30 67 6 81, 87 6. 1-3 97 6. 2 63 8. 17 93 8. 18-24 86 8. 38 85 15. 28-29 2, 3 16. 33 85 19. 6 93 20. 28 64 22. 16 92 Romans 1. 29-31 5 8. 15 96 10. 9 92 12. 1 65, 67 14. 14 2, 23 1 Corinthians 6. 11 92 7. 10 2 8. 8 3 10. 2 92 10. 3 71 10. 16 69 10. 25-26 3 11. 4 5 11. 10 88 11. 20-21 65, 97-98, 100 11. 24-26 73 11. 33 98 12. 13 93 12. 28 78, 85 Galatians 4. 6 96 4. 14 106 Ephesians 2. 20 7 Philippians 4. 18 65 1 Timothy 3. 2-7 64 3. 2-3 5 4. 4-5 69 4. 14 77 5. 1-16 83 2 Timothy 1. 6 77 Titus 3. 1-2 5 3. 5 93 Hebrews 6. 4-8 22 7. 25 67 10. 26-31 22 12. 17 22 13. 15-16 65 James 5. 14 74, 91 1 Peter 2. 5 65 2. 9 90 3. 19 105 Jude 12 98 17 7 Revelation 1. 6 90 2. 14 3 2. 17 95 2. 20 3 5. 10 90 8. 3 65 21. 14 7

C. PATRISTIC REFERENCES IN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES

1 Clement 40-41 4 42. 4 7 44. 1-2 7 44. 4 72 46. 8 2 47.6 7 2 Clement 12. 2 2 Ignatius _Magnesians_ 9. 1 5 _Romans_ 7. 3 97 _Philadelphians_ 4 64 _Smyrnaeans_ 7. 1 70, 97 8. 1-2 97, 100 Hermas _Vision_ III, i 81 Didache 3. 1-6 5 7. 1 90, 92 8. 1 102 8. 2 96 9-10 93 9. 1 70 9. 5 70 13. 3 3, 64, 101 13. 7 3 14 72, 93 14. 1-2 66 15. 1 64, 72, 77 Justin _Apology_ 65 93 67 74, 83, 93 _Dialogue_ 116 f. 90 Irenaeus I, 13. 2 72 IV, 18. 72 4-5 Hippolytus Daniel commentary iii, 9. 6 72 Philosophumena Proem. 63 Proem. 6 64 i, 23. 4 63 ix, 7 18 ff., 64 f. Clement of Alexandria _Pedagogue_ I, 45. 1 94 50. 4 90 II, 4-7 97, 100 Tertullian _Apology_ 30 83 39 96 _Baptism_ 7 90 17 64 _Chaplet_ 3 94 _Exhortation to chastity_ 7 64 11 64 _Marcion_ I, 14 94 III, 19 94 IV, 40 94 _On prayer_ 13 104 18-19 102 19 104 _To his Wife_ II, 5 61, 105 Cyprian Epistle 70. 2 93 Eusebius _History_ V, 24 8 V, 28. 102 10-12 VI, 20 16 VI, 43. 6 82 VI, 43. 11 82, 85 Athanasius Festal Letter 39 10 Cyril of Jerusalem _Catechetical Lectures_ 20. 3 91 23. 20 94 Jerome _Vir. ill._ 61 16, 18 Sarapion 12 81 13 79 14 68 Mishnah Berakhoth vi, 1-2 101 1 68, 69 6 98 f.

D. ANCIENT AND MODERN NAMES, WRITINGS AND SUBJECTS

A Absolution, 22 f., 64 f. Achelis, 27 Acolytes, 85 Agape, 50 f., 59, 65, 96 ff. Anamnesis, 71, 73 Apophoretum, 51, 100 f. Apostolic Canons, 13 Apostolic Church Order, 11 Apostolic Constitutions, 12

B Baptism Eucharist, 48 f., 89, 93 ff. Formula, 47, 92 Image, 57, 106 Liturgy, 45 ff., 90 ff. Baptism in blood, 44 Bathing, 44 Bible reading, 54, 104 Bishops At agape, 50 f., 59, 98 ff. At baptism, 44 ff., 88 ff. At eucharist, 35 ff., 48 f., 58, 72, 77, 93 ff., 100 f. Consecration, 34, 66 ff. Election, 33, 63 Fasting, 50 Office, 64 Blessings, 68 ff., 98 ff. Blessings of persons, 43, 88 Burial, 53, 103

C Callistus, 18 ff., 63, 103 Canons of Hippolytus, 15 Carthage, Third Council, 94 Catechumens, 43 ff., 50 f., 56, 85 ff. Charismata, 41, 43, 54, 57, 85, 87, 104 Cheese, 37, 74 f. Chrism, 91 Christology, 20 ff., 63, 67, 72 Commodus, 19 Common Prayer, 74 Concelebration, 72 Confessors, 39, 81 f. Confirmation, 47 f., 93 Connolly, 11, 27 f., 30, 61, 63, 67, 103, 106 Converts accepted, 41 ff., 86 f. Cooper, J., 15, 28 Coxe, A. C., 18 Creed, 46, 92 f., 95

D Deacons At agape, 51, 58, 98, 100 At baptism, 45 f., 91 f. At eucharist, 39, 48 f., 58, 80 Office, 38, 53, 58, 79 f., 103 Ordination, 38, 80 f. Deaconesses, 80, 83 f. De Sacramentis, 73 Didache, 9 Didascalia, 10 Döllinger, 17, 19 Doxologies, 67 Duchesne, 27

E Epitome, 13 Eucharist Administration, 95 Anamnesis, 71, 73 As sacrifice, 65 f., 71, 73 At baptism, 48 f., 89, 93 ff. At ordinations, 39 f., 83 Celebrant, 72, 98, 100 Consecration, 48, 69 ff., 93 ff. Fasting communion, 52 f., 60, 102 Invocation, 71 f. Liturgy, 35, 40, 48, 58, 68 ff. Name, 70 Relation to agape, 97 ff. Evening service, 58 f. Exorcism, 44, 50, 88 f., 91, 99, 101 Extempore prayer, 40, 70

F Fasting, 44, 50, 52 f., 89, 96, 102 Fasting communion, 52 f., 60, 102 First-fruits, 52, 66, 74, 101 f. Flowers, 52, 102 Funk, 13 f., 16, 28

G Gnosticism, 86, 102 Goltz, 28 Gronov, 17

H Harnack, 26 Harris, J. R., 10 Hauler, 27 Head-covering, 43 Healers, 41, 85 Hearers, 41, 86 Holy Week, 44 f., 52 f., 89, 96, 102 Honey, 48, 89, 94 f. Horner, 12, 27, 29, 34 Hours of prayers, 54 ff., 103 ff.

I Image of baptism, 57, 106 Invocation, 71 f. Isidore of Seville, 28

J Jungklaus, 28, 30, 32, 47, 61

K Kirk, K. E., 5 Kiss of peace, 35, 43, 48, 88

L Lagarde, 27 Legge, F., 19 Levites, 81 Lietzmann, 10 Lightfoot, 18 Lord’s Prayer, 93, 96 Lord’s Supper, 50 f. Ludolf, 27

M Maclean, 15, 28 Macmahon, J. H., 18 Marriage, 41, 55, 105 Maximinus, 24 Menstruation, 44, 89 Milk, 48, 89, 94 f. Miller, B. E., 17 Minor orders, 40 f., 83 ff. Modalism, 20 ff., 63, 67, 72 Moses, 37, 57, 76 Muilenberg, 9

O _Of Gifts_, 12, 25, 33 Oil, 36, 45 ff., 74 f. Olives, 37, 74

P Pentecost, 53, 102 Pius IV, 17 Pontianus, 24 Prayer, 54 ff., 103 ff. Presbyters At agape, 51, 100 At baptism, 45 ff., 90 ff. At eucharist, 35, 49, 58, 72, 77 Fasting, 50 Office, 53, 58, 75 ff., 80 f., 103 Ordination, 37, 75 ff. Ordination power, 38, 66, 77 ff., 80 Priesthood, 34, 38 f., 53, 64, 77

R Rabbis, 76 Readers, 40, 84 Reserved sacrament, 60 f. Riedel, 15, 101 Rufinus, 92

S Sabellius, 21 Sacrifices, 65 f. Sanctus, 71 Sarapion, 15 Schermann, 11 Schoolmasters, 42, 87 Schwartz, 28, 30, 61 Sick, 53, 58, 74, 102 Sign of the cross, 45, 48, 55 ff., 89, 99, 101, 106 Soldiers, 42, 87 Spittle, 56, 106 Stoicism, 5 Subdeacons, 41, 53, 84

T Tattam, 27 Testament of Our Lord, 14 Tithes, 3, 101

U Unction, 36 f., 45 ff., 90 ff. Urbanus, 24

V Victor, 19 Virgins, 40, 50, 59, 84, 96

W Washing, 54 f., 103 f. Water, Baptismal, 45, 90 Water, Eucharistic, 48 f., 95 Weekday services, 54, 104 Wendland, 17 Widows, 40, 44, 50, 51, 58, 83 f., 96, 101 Williams, A. L., 68 Women, 40, 43 f., 87 f. Wordsworth, John, 16

Z Zephyrinus, 18 ff., 63

Transcriber’s Notes

--Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook is public-domain in the country of publication.

--Silently corrected a few palpable typos.

--Moved verse/sentence numbers from the right margin to the beginning of the sentence.

--In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by _underscores_.