Chapter LIX
, which was prepared for the first edition at Professor Mau's request, at a time when he was pressed with other work; for the paragraphs in regard to the treasure of Boscoreale, and for one-half of the references in the Bibliographical Appendix.
AUGUST MAU FRANCIS W. KELSEY
ALBERGO DEL SOLE, POMPEI August 2, 1901
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER PAGE
I. THE SITUATION OF POMPEII 1
II. BEFORE 79 8
III. THE CITY OVERWHELMED 19
IV. THE UNEARTHING OF THE CITY 25
V. A BIRD'S-EYE VIEW 31
VI. BUILDING MATERIALS, CONSTRUCTION, AND ARCHITECTURAL PERIODS 35
## PART I
PUBLIC PLACES AND BUILDINGS
VII. THE FORUM 45
VIII. GENERAL VIEW OF THE BUILDINGS ABOUT THE FORUM.--THE TEMPLE OF JUPITER 61
IX. THE BASILICA 70
X. THE TEMPLE OF APOLLO 80
XI. THE BUILDINGS AT THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF THE FORUM, AND THE TABLE OF STANDARD MEASURES 91
XII. THE MACELLUM 94
XIII. THE SANCTUARY OF THE CITY LARES 102
XIV. THE TEMPLE OF VESPASIAN 106
XV. THE BUILDING OF EUMACHIA 110
XVI. THE COMITIUM 119
XVII. THE MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS 121
XVIII. THE TEMPLE OF VENUS POMPEIANA 124
XIX. THE TEMPLE OF FORTUNA AUGUSTA 130
XX. GENERAL VIEW OF THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS NEAR THE STABIAN GATE.--THE FORUM TRIANGULARE AND THE DORIC TEMPLE 133
XXI. THE LARGE THEATRE 141
XXII. THE SMALL THEATRE 153
XXIII. THE THEATRE COLONNADE USED AS BARRACKS FOR GLADIATORS 157
XXIV. THE PALAESTRA 165
XXV. THE TEMPLE OF ISIS 168
XXVI. THE TEMPLE OF ZEUS MILICHIUS 183
XXVII. THE BATHS AT POMPEII.--THE STABIAN BATHS 186
XXVIII. THE BATHS NEAR THE FORUM 202
XXIX. THE CENTRAL BATHS 208
XXX. THE AMPHITHEATRE 212
XXXI. STREETS, WATER SYSTEM, AND WAYSIDE SHRINES 227
XXXII. THE DEFENCES OF THE CITY 237
## PART II
THE HOUSES
XXXIII. THE POMPEIAN HOUSE 245
I. Vestibule, Fauces, and Front Door 248
II. The Atrium 250
III. The Tablinum 255
IV. The Alae 258
V. The Rooms about the Atrium. The Andron 259
VI. Garden, Peristyle, and Rooms about the Peristyle 260
VII. Sleeping Rooms 261
VIII. Dining Rooms 262
IX. The Kitchen, the Bath, and the Storerooms 266
X. The Shrine of the Household Gods 268
XI. Second Story Rooms 273
XII. The Shops 276
XIII. Walls, Floors, and Windows 278
XXXIV. THE HOUSE OF THE SURGEON 280
XXXV. THE HOUSE OF SALLUST 283
XXXVI. THE HOUSE OF THE FAUN 288
XXXVII. A HOUSE NEAR THE PORTA MARINA 298
XXXVIII. THE HOUSE OF THE SILVER WEDDING 301
XXXIX. THE HOUSE OF EPIDIUS RUFUS 309
XL. THE HOUSE OF THE TRAGIC POET 313
XLI. THE HOUSE OF THE VETTII 321
XLII. THREE HOUSES OF UNUSUAL PLAN 341
I. The House of Acceptus and Euhodia 341
II. A House without a Compluvium 343
III. The House of the Emperor Joseph II 344
XLIII. OTHER NOTEWORTHY HOUSES 348
XLIV. ROMAN VILLAS.--THE VILLA OF DIOMEDES 355
XLV. THE VILLA RUSTICA AT BOSCOREALE 361
XLVI. HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE 367
## PART III
TRADES AND OCCUPATIONS
XLVII. THE TRADES AT POMPEII.--THE BAKERS 383
XLVIII. THE FULLERS AND THE TANNERS 393
XLIX. INNS AND WINESHOPS 400
## PART IV
THE TOMBS
L. POMPEIAN BURIAL PLACES.--THE STREET OF TOMBS 405
LI. BURIAL PLACES NEAR THE NOLA, STABIAN, AND NOCERA GATES 429
## PART V
POMPEIAN ART
LII. ARCHITECTURE 437
LIII. SCULPTURE 445
LIV. PAINTING.--WALL DECORATION 456
LV. THE PAINTINGS 471
## PART VI
THE INSCRIPTIONS OF POMPEII
LVI. IMPORTANCE OF THE INSCRIPTIONS.--MONUMENTAL INSCRIPTIONS AND PUBLIC NOTICES 485
LVII. THE GRAFFITI 491
LVIII. INSCRIPTIONS RELATING TO BUSINESS AFFAIRS 499
CONCLUSION
LIX. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE POMPEIAN CULTURE 509
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX 512
INDEX 551
KEY TO THE PLAN OF POMPEII 559
ILLUSTRATIONS
PLATES
PLATE
I. VIEW OF THE FORUM, LOOKING TOWARD VESUVIUS. From a photograph _Frontispiece_
FACING PAGE
II. COURT OF THE TEMPLE OF APOLLO. From a photograph 88
III. THE GREEK TEMPLE AND THE FORUM TRIANGULARE, SEEN FROM THE SOUTH. Restoration (Weichardt, _Pompeji vor der Zerstoerung_, Tafel II) 134
IV. THE BARRACKS OF THE GLADIATORS. From a photograph 160
V. STABIAN BATHS: MEN'S APODYTERIUM, WITH THE ANTEROOM LEADING FROM THE PALAESTRA. From a photograph 188
VI. INTERIOR OF THE AMPHITHEATRE, LOOKING NORTHWEST. From a photograph 216
VII. INTERIOR OF A HOUSE (IX. v. 11), LOOKING FROM THE MIDDLE OF THE ATRIUM INTO THE PERISTYLE. From a photograph 260
VIII. TWO WALL PAINTINGS IN THE HOUSE OF THE VETTII --APOLLO AFTER THE SLAYING OF THE DRAGON, AND AGAMEMNON IN THE SANCTUARY OF ARTEMIS. From photographs 328
IX. A DINING ROOM IN THE HOUSE OF THE VETTII. From a photograph 338
X. THE STREET OF TOMBS, LOOKING TOWARD THE HERCULANEUM GATE. From a photograph 420
XI. ARTEMIS. Copy of an Archaic Work. From a photograph 444
XII. SPECIMEN OF WALL DECORATION. Second or Architectural Style (Mau, _Geschichte der decorativen Wandmalerei in Pompeji_, Tafel V) 462
XIII. SPECIMEN OF WALL DECORATION, IN THE COURT OF THE STABIAN BATHS. Fourth or Intricate Style. From a drawing in the Naples Museum 470
PLANS
PLAN
I. OUTLINE PLAN OF POMPEII preceding Chap. V
II. THE FORUM, WITH ADJOINING BUILDINGS " " VII
III. THE FORUM TRIANGULARE, WITH ADJACENT BUILDINGS " " XX
IV. THE VILLA RUSTICA NEAR BOSCOREALE " " XLV
V. THE STREET OF TOMBS " " L
VI. THE EXCAVATED PORTION OF POMPEII following the Index
ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT
FIGURE PAGE
1. Map of Ancient Campania 2
2. Vesuvius as seen from Naples. From a photograph 3
3. View from Pompeii, looking south. From a photograph (A. M.) 5
4. Venus Pompeiana. Wall painting. House of Castor and Pollux. After _Monumenti dell' Instituto_, Vol. III, pl. vi. _b_ 12
5. An amphora from Boscoreale. Collection of Classical Antiquities, University of Michigan. From a drawing 15
6. The Judgment of Solomon. Wall painting. Naples Museum. From a photograph 17
7. Cast of a man. Museum at Pompeii. From a photograph 22
8. An Excavation. Atrium of the house of the Silver Wedding. From a photograph 28
9. Wall with limestone framework (Ins. VII. iii. 13). From a photograph (F. W. K.) 37
10. Facade of Sarno limestone, house of the Surgeon. From a photograph 39
11. Quasi-reticulate facing, with brick corner, at the entrance of the Small Theatre. From a photograph 42
12. Reticulate facing, with corners of brick-shaped stone (I. iii. 29). From a photograph (F. W. K.) 43
13. North end of the Forum, with the temple of Jupiter, restored. From an original drawing[1] 49
14. Remnant of the colonnade of Popidius, at the south end of the Forum. From a photograph (A. M.) 51
15. Part of the new colonnade, near the southwest corner of the Forum. From a photograph (A. M.) 53
16. Scene in the Forum--a dealer in utensils, and a shoemaker. Wall painting. Naples Museum. After _Pitture di Ercolano_, Vol. III, pl. 42 55
17. Scene in the Forum--citizens reading a public notice. Wall painting. Naples Museum. After _Pitture di Ercolano_, Vol. III, pl. 43 56
18. Plan of the temple of Jupiter 63
19. Ruins of the temple of Jupiter. From a photograph 64
20. Section of wall decoration in the cella of the temple of Jupiter. After Mazois, _Les Ruines de Pompei_, Vol. III, pl. 36 (Overbeck-Mau, _Pompeji_, Fig. 46) 65
21. Bust of Zeus found at Otricoli. Vatican Museum. After Tafel 130 of the Brunn-Bruckmann Denkmaeler 68
22. Bust of Jupiter found at Pompeii. Naples Museum. From a photograph 69
23. Plan of the Basilica 71
24. View of the Basilica, looking toward the tribunal. From a photograph 73
25. Exterior of the Basilica, restored. From an original drawing 75
26. Interior of the Basilica, looking toward the tribunal, restored. From an original drawing 76
27. Front of the tribunal of the Basilica. Plan and elevation. From an original drawing 77
28. Corner of mosaic floor, cella of the temple of Apollo. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 23 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 50) 80
29. Plan of the temple of Apollo 81
30. View of the temple of Apollo, looking toward Vesuvius. From a photograph 83
31. Section of the entablature of the temple of Apollo, showing the original form and the restoration after the earthquake of 63. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 21 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 264) 84
32. Temple of Apollo, restored. From an original drawing 86
33. Plan of the buildings at the northwest corner of the Forum 91
34. Table of Standard Measures. After Mazois, Vol. III, pl. 40 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 23) 93
35. Plan of the Macellum 94
36. View of the Macellum. From a photograph 95
37. The Macellum, restored. From an original drawing 97
38. Statue of Octavia, sister of Augustus, found in the chapel of the Macellum. Naples Museum. From a photograph 98
39. Statue of Marcellus, son of Octavia, found in the chapel of the Macellum. Naples Museum. From a photograph 101
40. Plan of the sanctuary of the City Lares 102
41. Sanctuary of the City Lares, looking toward the rear, restored. From an original drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1896, p. 288) 103
42. North side of the sanctuary of the City Lares, restored. From an original drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1896, p. 289) 104
43. Plan of the temple of Vespasian 106
44. Front of the altar in the court of the temple of Vespasian. From a photograph 107
45. View of the temple of Vespasian. From a photograph 108
46. The temple of Vespasian, restored. From an original drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1900, p. 133) 109
47. Plan of the building of Eumachia 110
48. Building of Eumachia--front of the court, restored. From an original drawing 114
49. Building of Eumachia--rear of the court, restored. From an original drawing 116
50. Fountain of Concordia Augusta. From a photograph (F. W. K.) 117
51. Plan of the Comitium 119
52. Plan of the Municipal Buildings 121
53. View of the south end of the Forum. From a photograph (A. M.) 122
54. Plan of the ruins of the temple of Venus Pompeiana* 125
55. View of the ruins of the temple of Venus Pompeiana. From a photograph 126
56. Plan of the temple of Venus Pompeiana, restored* 128
57. Plan of the temple of Fortuna Augusta* 130
58. Temple of Fortuna Augusta, restored. From an original drawing 131
59. Temple of Fortuna Augusta--rear of the cella with the statue of the goddess, restored. From an original drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1896, p. 280) 132
60. Portico at the entrance of the Forum Triangulare. From a photograph 135
61. View of the Forum Triangulare, looking toward Vesuvius. From a photograph 136
62. Plan of the Doric temple in the Forum Triangulare 137
63. The Doric temple, restored. From an original drawing 138
64. Plan of the Large Theatre 143
65. View of the Large Theatre. From a photograph 145
66. Plan of the Small Theatre 153
67. View of the Small Theatre. From a photograph 154
68. Section of a seat in the Small Theatre. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 29 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 101) 155
69. A terminal Atlas from the Small Theatre. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 29 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 100) 156
70. Ornament at the ends of the parapet in the Small Theatre--lion's foot. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 29 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 99) 156
71. Plan of the Theatre Colonnade, showing its relation to the two theatres 157
72. A gladiator's greave. Naples Museum. From a photograph 162
73. A gladiator's helmet. Naples Museum. From a photograph 163
74. Remains of stocks found in the guard-room of the barracks. Naples Museum. From a photograph 163
75. Plan of the Palaestra 165
76. View of the Palaestra, with the pedestal, table, and steps. From a photograph 166
77. Doryphorus. Statue found in the Palaestra. Naples Museum. From a photograph 167
78. Plan of the temple of Isis 170
79. View of the temple of Isis. From a photograph 172
80. The temple of Isis, restored. From an original drawing 173
81. Scene from the worship of Isis--the adoration of the holy water. Wall painting from Herculaneum. Naples Museum. Drawing, after a photograph 177
82. Temple of Isis. Part of the facade of the Purgatorium. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 11, and Piranesi, _Antiquites de Pompei_ Vol. II, pl. 65 179
83. Decoration of the east side of the Purgatorium--Perseus and Andromeda, floating Cupids. Stucco reliefs. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 10 180
84. Plan of the temple of Zeus Milichius 183
85. Capital of a pilaster of the temple, with the face of Zeus Milichius. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 6 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 62) 184
86. Plan of the Stabian Baths 190
87. Stabian Baths--interior of Frigidarium. Drawing, with indebtedness to Niccolini, _Le Case ed i Monumenti di Pompei_, Vol. I, _Terme presso la porta stabiana_, pl. 7 191
88. Bath basin in the women's caldarium--longitudinal and transverse sections, showing arrangements for heating. Drawing, with indebtedness to von Duhn und Jacobi, _Der griechische Tempel in Pompeji_, pl. IX 194
89. Colonnade of the Stabian Baths--capital with section of entablature. Drawing 198
90. Southwest corner of the palaestra of the Stabian Baths, showing part of the colonnade and wall decorated with stucco reliefs. From a photograph 199
91. Plan of the Baths near the Forum 202
92. Baths near the Forum--Interior of men's tepidarium. From a photograph 204
93. Baths near the Forum--Longitudinal section of the men's caldarium. Drawing, after Gell, _Pompeiana_, edit. of 1837, Vol. II, pl. 33, facing p. 91 205
94. Plan of the Central Baths 209
95. View of the Central Baths, looking from the Palaestra into the tepidarium. From a photograph (F. W. K.) 210
96. The Amphitheatre, seen from the west side. From a photograph 213
97. Preparations for the combat. Wall painting (no longer visible) in the Amphitheatre. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 48 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 107) 214
98. Plan of the Amphitheatre 215
99. Transverse section of the Amphitheatre. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 46 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 104) 217
100. Plan of the gallery of the Amphitheatre 218
101. Conflict between the Pompeians and the Nucerians. Wall painting. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 3 221
102. View of Abbondanza Street, looking east. From a photograph 227
103. Fountain, water tower, and street shrine, corner of Stabian and Nola streets. From a photograph (F. W. K.) 231
104. Plan of the reservoir west of the Baths near the Forum 232
105. Ancient altar in new wall--southeast corner of the Central Baths. From a photograph (F. W. K.) 234
106. Plan of a chapel of the Lares Compitales (VIII. iv. 24) 235
107. Large street altar (VIII. ii. 25). From a photograph (F. W. K.) 236
108. Plan of a section of the city wall, with a tower and with stairs leading to the top. After Mazois, Vol. I. pl. 12 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 7) 238
109. View of the city wall, inside. From a photograph 239
110. Tower of the city wall, restored. After Mazois, Vol. I, pl. 13 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 8) 241
111. Plan of the Stabian Gate 242
112. Plan of the Herculaneum Gate 243
113. View of the Herculaneum Gate, looking down the Street of Tombs. From a photograph 244
114. Early Pompeian house, restored. From an original drawing 246
115. Plan of a Pompeian house 247
116. Plan and section of the vestibule, threshold, and fauces of the house of Pansa. After Ivanoff, _Mon. dell' Inst._, Vol. VI, pl. 28, 3 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 136) 249
117. A Tuscan atrium--plan of the roof. After Mazois, Vol. II, pl. 3 (Overbeck Mau, Fig. 139) 251
118. A Tuscan atrium--section. After Mazois, Vol. II, pl. 3 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 140) 252
119. Corner of a compluvium with waterspouts and antefixes, reconstructed. (Reconstruction, Ins. VII. iv. 16.) After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 143 253
120. A Pompeian's strong box, arca. Naples Museum. From photograph 255
121. Atrium of the house of Cornelius Rufus, looking through the tablinum and andron into the peristyle. From a photograph 256
122. End of a bedroom in the house of the Centaur, decorated in the first style. From an original drawing 262
123. Plan of a dining room with three couches 263
124. Plan of a dining room with an anteroom containing an altar for libations (VIII. v.-vi. 16) 264
125. Hearth of the kitchen in the house of the Vettii. From a drawing 267
126. Niche for the images of the household gods, in a corner of the kitchen in the house of Apollo. From a photograph (F. W. K.) 269
127. Shrine in the house of the Vettii. From a photograph 271
128. Interior of a house (VII. xv. 8) with a second story dining room opening on the atrium, restored. From an original drawing 274
129. Longitudinal section of the house with a second story dining room (VII. xv. 8) restored. From an original drawing 275
130. Plan of a Pompeian shop. After Mazois, Vol. II, pl. 8 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 182) 276
131. A shop for the sale of edibles, restored. After Mazois, Vol. II, pl. 8 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 183) 277
132. Plan of the house of the Surgeon 280
133. A young woman painting a herm. Wall painting from the house of the Surgeon. Naples Museum. After _Pitture di Ercolano_, Vol. V, pl. 1 282
134. Plan of the house of Sallust. After Mazois, Vol. II, pl. 35 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 165) 284
135. Atrium of the house of Sallust, looking through the tablinum and colonnade at the rear into the garden, restored. From an original drawing 286
136. Longitudinal section of the house of Sallust, restored. From an original drawing 287
137. Plan of the house of the Faun 288
138. Part of the cornice over the large front door of the house of the Faun. From an original drawing 289
139. Facade of the house of the Faun, restored. From an original drawing 290
140. Border of mosaic with tragic masks, fruits, flowers, and garlands, at the inner end of the fauces, house of the Faun. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IV, pl. 14 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 315) 290
141. Longitudinal section of the house of the Faun, showing the large atrium, the first peristyle, and a corner of the second peristyle, restored. From an original drawing 292
142. Detail from the mosaic representing the battle between Alexander and Darius. From a photograph 294
143. Transverse section of the house of the Faun, showing the two atriums with adjoining rooms, restored. From an original drawing 296
144. Plan of a house near the Porta Marina (VI. INS. OCCID. 13) 298
145. Longitudinal section of the house near the Porta Marina, restored. From an original drawing 299
146. Plan of the house of the Silver Wedding 302
147. Longitudinal section of the house of the Silver Wedding, restored. From an original drawing 304
148. Transverse section of the house of the Silver Wedding, as it was before 63. From an original drawing 307
149. Plan of the house of Epidius Rufus 310
150. Facade of the house of Epidius Rufus, restored. From an original drawing 311
151. Transverse section of the house of Epidius Rufus. From an original drawing 312
152. Plan of the house of the Tragic Poet 313
153. View of the house of the Tragic Poet, looking from the middle of the atrium toward the rear. From a photograph 314
154. Longitudinal section of the house of the Tragic Poet, restored. From an original drawing 316
155. The delivery of Briseis to the messenger of Agamemnon. Wall painting from the house of the Tragic Poet. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. II, pl. 58 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 311) 317
156. The sacrifice of Iphigenia. Wall painting from the house of the Tragic Poet. Naples Museum. From a photograph 319
157. Exterior of the house of the Vettii, restored. From an original drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1896, p. 4) 321
158. Plan of the house of the Vettii* 322
159. Longitudinal section of the house of the Vettii, restored. From an original drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1896, pl. 1) 324
160. Transverse section of the house of Vettii, restored. From an original drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1896, pl. 2) 324
161. Base, capital, and section of entablature from the colonnade of the peristyle in the house of the Vettii. From a drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1896, p. 31) 326
162. View of the peristyle of the house of the Vettii, looking toward the south end. From a photograph 327
163. System of wall division in the large room opening on the peristyle of the house of the Vettii 329
164. Psyches gathering flowers. Wall painting in the house of the Vettii. From a photograph 330
165. Cupids as makers and sellers of oil. Wall painting in the house of the Vettii. From a photograph 332
166. Press for olives. From a wall painting found at Herculaneum. Naples Museum. Drawing after _Pitture di Ercolano_, Vol. I, pl. 35 333
167. Cupids as goldsmiths. Wall painting in the house of the Vettii. From a photograph 334
168. Cupids gathering and pressing grapes. Wall painting in the house of the Vettii. From a drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1896, p. 81) 336
169. Cupids as wine dealers. Wall painting in the house of the Vettii. From a photograph 337
170. Cupids celebrating the festival of Vesta. Wall painting in the house of the Vettii. From a drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1896, p. 80) 338
171. The punishment of Ixion. Wall painting in the house of the Vettii. From a photograph 340
172. Plan of the house of Acceptus and Euhodia (VIII. v.-vi. 39) 341
173. Longitudinal section of the house of Acceptus and Euhodia, restored. From an original drawing 342
174. Plan of a house without a compluvium* (V. v. 2) 343
175. Transverse section of the house without a compluvium, restored. From an original drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1895, p. 148) 344
176. Plan of the house of the Emperor Joseph II (VIII. ii. 39) 345
177. Bake room of the house of the Emperor Joseph II, at the time of excavation. After Mazois, Vol. II, pl. 34 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 4) 346
178. Capital of a pilaster at the entrance of the house of the Sculptured Capitals (VII. iv. 57). From a photograph 349
179. Plan of the house of Pansa (VI. vi. 1) 350
180. Section showing a part of the peristyle of the house of the Anchor (VI. x. 7), restored. From an original drawing 351
181. Plan of the house of the Citharist (I. iv. 5) 352
182. Orestes and Pylades before Thoas. Wall painting from the house of the Citharist. Naples Museum. From a photograph 353
183. Plan of the villa of Diomedes 356
184. Longitudinal section of the villa of Diomedes, restored. From an original drawing, in part based on Ivanoff, _Architektonische Studien_, Vol. II, pl. 5, 6 358
185. Hot-water tank and reservoir for supplying the bath in the Villa Rustica at Boscoreale. Museo de Prisco, Pompeii. From a drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1894, p. 353) 362
186. Olive crusher found in the Villa Rustica at Boscoreale. Museo de Prisco. From a photograph 365
187. Silver patera, with a representation of the city of Alexandria. Boscoreale treasure, Louvre. After H. de Villefosse. _Le tresor de Boscoreale_, pl. 1 366
188. Dining couch with bronze mountings, the wooden frame being restored. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 228 367
189. Round marble table. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IV, pl. 56 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 229) 368
190. Carved table leg, found in the second peristyle of the house of the Faun. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IX, pl. 43 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 229) 368
191. Bronze stand with an ornamental rim around the top. Naples Museum. From a photograph 369
192. Lamps of the simplest form, with one nozzle. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 231 370
193. Lamps with two nozzles. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 231 370
194. Lamps with more than two nozzles. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 231 370
195. Bronze lamps with ornamental covers attached to a chain. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 231 371
196. Bronze lamps with covers ornamented with figures. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 231 371
197. Three hanging lamps. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 231 372
198. A nursing-bottle, biberon. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 231 372
199. Lamp standard of bronze. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IV, pl. 57 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 234) 373
200. Lamp holder for a hand lamp. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 233 374
201. Lamp holder for hanging lamps. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. II, pl. 13 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 233) 374
202. Lamp holder in the form of a tree trunk. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 233 374
203. Lamp stand. Naples Museum. From a photograph 374
204. Bronze utensils. Naples Museum. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 241, and _Museo Borb._ 375
205. Mixing bowl, of bronze, in part inlaid with silver. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. II, pl. 32 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 248) 376
206. Water heater for the table, view and section. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. III, pl. 63 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 240) 376
207. Water heater in the form of a brazier. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. II, pl. 46 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 238) 377
208. Water heater in the form of a brazier, representing a diminutive fortress. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. II, pl. 46 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 238) 377
209. Appliances for the bath. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. VII, pl. 16 (Overbeck Mau, Fig. 251) 377
210. Combs. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IX, pl. 15 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 252) 377
211. Hairpins, with two small ivory toilet boxes. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IX, pls. 14, 15 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 252) 378
212. Glass box for cosmetics. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IX, pl. 15 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 252) 378
213. Hand mirrors. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IX, pl. 14 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 252) 378
214. Group of toilet articles. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IX, pl. 15 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 252) 378
215. Gold arm band. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. VII, pl. 46 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 318) 379
216 _a-d_. Silver cups. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. XI, pl. 45; Vol. XIII, pl. 49; Overbeck-Mau, pl. facing p. 624 379
216 _e_. Detail of cup with centaurs 380
217. Silver cup. Boscoreale treasure, Louvre. After H. de Villefosse, _Le tresor de Boscoreale_, pl. 8 382
218. Ruins of a bakery, with millstones (VII. ii. 22). From a photograph 386
219. Plan of a bakery (VI. iii. 3) 388
220. A Pompeian mill, without the framework 389
221. Section of a mill, restored. From an original drawing 389
222. A mill in operation. Relief in the Vatican Museum. After _Ber. der Saechs. Gesellschaft_, 1861, pl. xii. 2 390
223. Section of a bake oven (VI. iii. 3). After Mazois, Vol. II, pl. 18 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 192) 391
224. Kneading machine, restored (VI. xiv. 35). From an original drawing 391
225. Scene in a fullery--treading vats. Wall painting. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IV, pl. 49 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 195) 394
226. Scene in a fullery--inspection of cloth, carding, bleaching frame. Wall painting. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IV, pl. 49 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 194) 394
227. A fuller's press. Wall painting. Naples Museum. After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IV, pl. 50 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 196) 395
228. Plan of a fullery (VI. xiv. 22) 396
229. Plan of the vat room of the tannery (I. v. 2) 398
230. Mosaic top of the table in the garden of the tannery. Naples Museum. From a photograph 399
231. Plan of an inn (VII. xii. 35) 401
232. Plan of the inn of Hermes (I. i. 8) 402
233. Plan of a wineshop (VI. x. 1) 402
234. Scene in a wineshop. Wall painting (VI. x. 1). After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IV, pl. A 403
235. Delivery of wine. Wall painting (VI. x. 1). After _Museo Borb._, Vol. IV, pl. A 403
236. Sepulchral benches of Veius and Mamia; tombs of Porcius and the Istacidii. From a photograph (A. M.) 409
237. The tomb of the Istacidii, restored. From an original drawing 411
238. View of the Street of Tombs. From a photograph 414
239. Glass vase, with vintage scene, found in the tomb of the Blue Glass Vase. Naples Museum. From a photograph 416
240. Bust stone of Tyche, slave of Julia Augusta. After Mazois, Vol. I, p. 31 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 223), with the correction in the spelling of the name TYCHE 418
241. Relief, symbolic of grief for the dead. After Mazois, Vol. I, pl. 29 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 221) 421
242. Front of the tomb of Calventius Quietus, with bisellium. From a photograph 422
243. End of the tomb of Naevoleia Tyche, with relief representing a ship entering port. From a photograph 423
244. Cinerary urn in a lead case. After Mazois, Vol. I. pl. 22 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 213) 424
245. Sepulchral enclosure, with triclinium funebre. After Mazois, Vol. I, pl. 20 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 210) 425
246. Plan of the tombs east of the Amphitheatre* 431
247. View of two tombs east of the Amphitheatre. From a photograph (F. W. K.) 432
248. View of other tombs east of the Amphitheatre. From a photograph (F. W. K.) 434
249. Four-faced Ionic capital. Portico of the Forum Triangulare. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 272 439
250. Capital of pilaster. Casa del duca d'Aumale. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 274 439
251. Altar in the court of the temple of Zeus Milichius. After Mazois, Vol. IV, pl. 6 (Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 63) 440
252. Capitals of columns, showing variations from typical forms. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 274 442
253. Capital of pilaster, modified Corinthian type. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 274 443
254. Capitals of pilasters, showing free adaptation of the Corinthian type. After Overbeck-Mau, Fig. 274 443
255. Statue of the priestess Eumachia. Naples Museum. From a photograph 446
256. Portrait herm of Caecilius Jucundus. Naples Museum. From a photograph 447
257. Double bust, Bacchus and a bacchante. Garden of the house of the Vettii. From a photograph 448
258. Dancing Satyr. Bronze statuette found in the house of the Faun. Naples Museum. From a photograph 451
259. Listening Dionysus, wrongly identified as Narcissus. Bronze statuette in the Naples Museum. From a photograph 452
260. Bronze youth, found in November, 1900. Naples Museum. From a photograph 454
261. Wall decoration in the atrium of the house of Sallust. First or Incrustation Style. After Tafel II of Mau's _Geschichte der decorativen Wandmalerei in Pompeji_ 460
262. Distribution of colors in the section of wall represented in Fig. 261 461
263. Specimen of wall decoration in the house of Spurius Mesor (VII. iii. 29). Third or Ornate style. After Tafel XII of Mau's _Wandmalerei_ 466
264. Detail of wall decoration. Fourth style. Naples Museum. After _Pitture di Ercolano_, Vol. IV. pl. 57 468
265. Specimen of wall decoration. Fourth style. From a copy in the Naples Museum (showing decoration that has disappeared) 469
266. A fruit piece, Xenion. Wall painting. Naples Museum. After _Pitture di Ercolano_, Vol. II, pl. 58 474
267. A landscape. Wall painting. Naples Museum. After _Pitture di Ercolano_, Vol. V, p. 149 475
268. A group of women, one of whom is sounding two-stringed instruments. Wall painting. Naples Museum. From a photograph 476
269. Paquius Proculus and his wife. Wall painting. Naples Museum. From a photograph 477
270. The grief of Hecuba. Fragment of a wall painting. House of Caecilius Jucundus. After _Ann. dell' Inst._, 1877, Tafel P 479
271. Athena's pipes and the fate of Marsyas. Wall painting (V. ii. 10). Naples Museum. From a drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1890, p. 267) 482
272. The fall of Icarus. Wall painting (V. ii. 10). From a drawing.* (Cf. _Roem. Mitth._, 1890, p. 264) 483
273. Zeus and Hera on Mt. Ida. Wall painting from the house of the Tragic Poet. Naples Museum. From a photograph 484
274. Tablet with three leaves, opened so as to show the receipt and part of the memorandum, restored. After Overbeck-Mau, pl. facing p. 489 500
275. Tablet restored, with the two leaves containing the receipt tied and sealed. After Overbeck-Mau, pl. facing p. 489 501
FOOTNOTE:
[1] The original drawings are based upon sketches by Professor Mau. The drawings marked with an asterisk are in the collection of the German Archaeological Institute in Rome.
INTRODUCTION
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