CHAPTER XXI

. THE LARGE THEATRE

_Excavation of the two theatres and the court behind the Large Theatre_ (July, 1764, to March, 1765; and December, 1791, to February, 1796): FIORELLI, Pomp. ant. hist., vol. 1, pt. 1, pp. 158-165, pt. 2, pp. 46-63. For the Small Theatre, see also vol. 1, pt. 2, pp. 69, 75.

_Paintings at Pompeii relating to the stage_: HELBIG, Wandgemaelde, nos. 1464-1476; SOGLIANO, Le pitture murali Campane, nos. 740-752; MAASS, Affreschi scenici di Pompeii, Ann. dell' Inst., vol. 53 (1881), pp. 109-159, and Mon. dell' Inst., vol. 11, pl. 30-32.

_Remains of the Large Theatre_: MAZOIS, Les ruines de Pompei, vol. 4, pp. 55-70, pl. 27-34; FIORELLI, Descrizione di Pompei, pp. 352-357; NISSEN, Pomp. Studien, pp. 232-253; OVERBECK-MAU, Pompeji, pp. 153-176.

_The tribunals_ [p. 145]: it is evident from the language of Suetonius (Div. Aug. 44, solis virginibus Vestalibus locum in theatro separatim et contra praetoris tribunal dedit) that opposite the place set aside for the praetor, which was called tribunal, there was another likewise reserved. In our theatre the two platforms mentioned correspond exactly with this arrangement, and there is no other part of the structure to which the word _tribunalia_, in the inscription of the Holconii (p. 148), could properly be applied. We are safe therefore in calling the platforms tribunals.

_Wall painting, showing theatre police seated in niches in front of the stage_ [p. 146]: found in the casa della fontana grande; described by HELBIG, Wandgemaelde, no. 1468; figured in Museo Borb., vol. 4, pl. 18, and in WIESELER, Theatergebaeude und Denkmaeler des Buehnenwesens bei den Griechen und Roemern (Goettingen, 1851), pl. 11, 2. A similar figure sitting in a shallow niche has been found on a wall in the eighth region (VIII. II. 23); see Roem. Mitth., vol. 3 (1888), p. 202, no. 12. On the need of police to keep order in Roman theatres, see the references given by MARQUARDT, Roem. Staatsverwaltung, vol. 3 (Edit. 2), pp. 541-542; but cf. KOeRTING, Geschichte des griechischen und roemischen Theaters (Paderborn, 1897), p. 367.

_Place of stage machinery_ [p. 147]: Pollux, Onomast. IV. 128.

_Inscriptions relating to Actius Anicetus_ [p. 148]: inscription found at Puteoli, C. I. L. X. 1946; graffiti, C. I. L. IV. 2155, and Index, p. 233, under =Actius= and =Anicetus=; C. I. L. IV. Suppl. 5395.

_Assemblies in the theatre_ [p. 148]: at Tarentum (282 B.C.), App. De rebus Samnit. VII. II; Dio Cass. Frag. XXIX. 5; at Pergamus, Plut. Sulla, 11. Cf. Muller, Buehnenalterthuemer, pp. 73-75.

_Inscriptions found in the theatre_ [pp. 148-150]: monumental, C. I. L. X. 833-843; painted inscriptions and graffiti, C. I. L. IV. pp. 63, 153-157.

_The stage and the orchestra in the Greek and the Roman theatre_ [p. 150]: Vitr. V. VI-VIII.

_The problem of the stage in the Greek theatre_ [p. 151]: DOERPFELD and REISCH, Das griechische Theater, Beitraege zur Geschichte des Dionysos-Theaters in Athen und anderer griechischer Theater (Athens and Leipzig, 1896), particularly pp. 341-365; DOERPFELD, Das griechische Theater Vitruvs, Athen. Mitth., vol. 22 (1897), pp. 439-462; vol. 23 (1898), pp. 326-356. A convenient summary of Doerpfeld's conclusions and of the literature of the subject to 1898 is given by FRAZER, Pausanias's Description of Greece, vol. 3, pp. 254-255, and vol. 5, pp. 582-584.

_The stage of the Large Theatre at Pompeii_ [p. 152]: PUCHSTEIN and KOLDEWEY, Berliner Philologische Wochenschrift, 1896, pp. 477-478; Archaeologischer Anzeiger, Beiblatt zum Jahrb. des Inst., 1896, pp. 30, 40; PUCHSTEIN, Die griechische Buehne (Berlin, 1901), pp. 75-77.

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