part iii

, p.[695] 7b.

It appeares by his verses to Master Ailesbury[CV], Dec. 9, 1618, that he had knowledge of analyticall learning, being so well acquainted with him and the learned Mr. Thomas Harriot.

[696]I have not seen the date of his _Iter Boreale_; but it ends thus:--

We return'd, but just with so much ore, As Rauleigh from his voyage, and no more.

[697]Memorandum:--his antagonist Dr. <Daniel> Price, the anniversarist, was made deane of the church at Hereford. Dr. <William> Watts, canon of that church, told me, 1656, that this deane was a mighty pontificall proud man, and that one time when they went in procession about the cathedrall church, he would not doe it the usually way in his surplice, hood, etc., on foot, but rode on a mare, thus habited, with the Common-Prayer booke in his hand, reading. A stone-horse happend to breake loose[698] ... he would never ride in procession afterwards.

[699]In the cathedral church of Norwich, upper end of the choeur, towards the steppes to the altar, in the middle is a little altar-tombe of bishop Herbert the founder; south of which tombe is a faire freestone gravestone of bishop Corbet, the inscription and shield of brasse are stollen. Vide A. Wood's _Antiq. Oxon._ <His> son <is a> fainiant.

_Notes._

[CP] Aubrey gives in colours the coat, 'or, a raven sable [Corbet],' wreathed with laurel.

[CQ] An alternative reading is given:--

'A ring he espyed In his band-string tyed.'

[CR] John Stubbinge, D.D., Ch. Ch., 1630: vicar of Ambrosden, co. Oxon., 1635.

[CS] Thomas Lushington, D.D., Pembr., June 22, 1632, obiit Dec. 22, 1661. Notes of his life are found in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 203ᵛ, 204, 259.

[CT] Alice, daughter of Leonard Hutton, sometime Student of Christ Church, Canon of St. Paul's 1609-1632.

[CU] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9, Aubrey has a note, 'bishop Richard Corbet: vide memorandum 1671 in libro B pro reliquiis inscriptionis.' A copy of what was still legible of the inscription is found in a letter from Aubrey to Wood in Wood MS. F. 39.

[CV] Sir Thomas Aylesbury, 1576-1657, Master of the Requests. He had been of Christ Church, Oxford.

=Tom Coryat= (1577-1617).

[700]Old major Cosh was quartered (Sept. 18, 1642) at his mother's house at Shirburne in Dorsetshire; her name was Gertrude.

This was when Sherburne castle was besieged, and when the fight was at Babell hills, between Sherburn and Yeovill: the first fight in the civill warres that was considerable. But the first _brush_ was between the earle of Northampton (father to Henry, the lord bishop of London) and the lord Brooke, neer Banbury: which was the later end of July, or the beginning of August, 1642. I[701] was sent for into the countrey to my great griefe, and departed the 9th of Aug. 'Twas before I went away, I beleeve in Aug. Quaere de hoc.

But to returne to T. Coryat: had he lived to returne into England, his travells had been most estimable, for though he was not a wise man, he wrote faithfully matter of fact.

=Abraham Cowley= (1618-1667).

[702]Mr. Abraham Cowley[CW]: he was borne in Fleet-street, London, neer Chancery-lane; his father a grocer, at the signe of....

He was secretarie to the earle of St. Alban's (then lord Jermyn) at Paris. When his majestie returned, the duke of Buckingham hearing that at Chertsey was a good farme of about ... _li._ per annum, belonging to the queene-mother, goes to the earl of St. Alban's and the commissioners to[703] take a lease of it. They answered that 'twas beneath his grace to take a lease of them. That was all one, he would have it, payd for it, and had it, and freely and generously gave it to his deare and ingeniose friend, Mr. Abraham Cowley, for whom purposely he bought it.

He lies interred at Westminster Abbey, next to Sir Jeffrey Chaucer, N., where the duke of Bucks has putt a neate monument of white marble, viz. a faire pedestall, wheron the inscription:--

Abrahamus Couleius, Anglorum Pindarus, Flaccus, Maro, Deliciae, Decus, Desiderium aevi sui, Hic juxta situs est.

Aurea dum volitant latè tua scripta per orbem, Et famâ aeternùm vivis, divine Poeta, Hic placidâ jaceas requie; custodiat urnam Cana Fides, vigilentque perenni lampade Musae; Sit sacer iste locus. Nec quis temerarius ausit Sacrilegâ turbare manu venerabile bustum. Intacti maneant, maneant per secula, dulcis Coulei cineres serventque immobile saxum.

Sic vovet,

Votumque suum apud posteros sacratum esse voluit, qui viro incomparabili posuit sepulcrale marmor, GEORGIUS dux BUCKINGHAMIAE.

Abraham Cowley excessit e vitâ anno aetatis suae 49; et, honorificâ pompâ elatus ex Aedibus Buckinghamianis, viris[LI.] illustribus omnium ordinum exequias celebrantibus, sepultus est die 3 mensis Augusti anno Domini 1667.

[LI.] His grace the duke of Bucks held a tassell of the pall.

Above that a very faire urne, with a kind of ghirland of ivy about it.

The inscription was made by Dr. <Thomas> Spratt, his grace's chapellane: the Latin verses were made, or mended, by Dr. <Thomas> Gale.

On his very noble gravestone, his scutcheon, and

Abrahamus Couleius H. S. E. 1667.

Memorandum:--this George, duke of Bucks, came to the earl of St. Albans and told him he would buy such a lease in Chertsey belonging to the queen mother. Said the earle to him, 'that is beneath your grace, to take a lease.' 'That is all one,' qd. he, 'I desire to have the favour to buy it for my money.' He bought it, and then freely bestowed it on his beloved Cowley: which ought not to be forgotten.

By Sir J. Denham:--

Had Cowley ne're spoke, nor Th.[704] Killigrew writt, They'd both have made a <very> good witt.

--A. C. discoursed very ill and with hesitation.

He writ when a boy at Westminster ... poems and a comedy called _Love's Riddle_, dedicated to Sir Kenelme Digby; printed, London, ..., 8vo.

[705]Abraham Cowley:--vide his will, scilicet, for his true and lasting charity, that is, he settles his estate in such a manner that every yeare so much is to be payd for the enlarging of poor prisoners cast into gaole by cruel creditors for some debt. This I had from Mr. Dunning of London, a scrivener, who is an acquaintance of Dr. Cowley's brother. I doe thinke this memorable benefaction is not mentioned in his life in print before his workes; and it is certainly the best method of charity.

_Note._

[CW] Aubrey notes that he was of 'Cambridge,' and gives in trick the coat:--'..., a lion rampant ..., within a bordure engrailed ...,' wreathed in laurel.

=... Cradock.=

[706]Memorandum:--Mris Smyth[707] told me of one ... Cradock in the west (where Mris Smyth's relations or birth) from a cratch dyed worth 10,000 _li._--Quaere de hoc, e.g. <at> Taunton or Warminster.

=William Croone= (1633-1684).

[708]... Croun, M.D., obiit Sunday Oct. 12, 1684, London; buried at St. Mildred's in the Poultry. His funerall sermon is printed. He was fellow of the Physitians' College and also Regiae Societatis Socius.

=... Curtin.=

[709]Madam Curtin, a good fortune of 3000 _li._, daughter to Sir William Curtin, the great merchant, lately married her footman, who, not long after marriage, beates her, getts her money, and ran away.

=Robert Dalzell=, earl of Carnwarth (15..-1654).

[710]'Twas the lord Kenwurth that sayd to the earl of Salisbury _Ken you an ape, sir_,--from Elizabeth, countesse of Thanet.

_Note._

The Rev. H. E. D. Blakiston, of Trinity College, suggested to me the transliteration of 'Kenwurth' to 'Carnwarth.' Robert Dalzell succeeded as second earl of Carnwath in 1639, died 1654. He might be in conflict about Scotch matters with William Cecil, second earl of Salisbury, commissioner to treat with the Scots at Ripon, in 1640.

=Sir Charles Danvers= (1568-1600/1).

[711]Sir Charles Danvers was beheaded on Tower-hill with Robert, earle of Essex, February the 6th, 1600[712]. I find in the register of the Tower chapell only the sepulture of Robert, earl of Essex, that yeare; wherfore I am induced to beleeve that his body was carryed to Dantesey[CX] in Wilts to lye with his ancestors. Vide Stowe's Chronicle, where is a full account of his and the earle's deportment at their death on the scaffold.

With all their faylings, Wilts cannot shew two such[713] brothers.

His familiar acquaintance were ...[714], earl of Oxon; Sir Francis and Sir Horace Vere; Sir Walter Ralegh, etc.--the heroes of those times.

Quaere my lady viscountesse Purbec and also the lord Norris for an account of the behaviour and advice of Sir Charles Danvers in the businesse of the earl of Essex, which advice had the earle followed he had saved his life.

[715]Of Sir Charles Danvers, from my lady viscountesse Purbec:--Sir Charles Danvers advised the earle of Essex, either to treat with the queen--hostages ..., whom Sir Ferdinando Gorges did let goe; or to make his way through the gate at Essex house, and then to hast away to Highgate, and so to Northumberland (the earl of Northumberland maried his mother's sister), and from thence to the king of Scots, and there they might make their peace; if not, the queen was old and could not live long. But the earle followed not his advice, and so they both lost their heads on Tower-hill.

_Note._

[CX] In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46, Aubrey writes, in reference to burials at Dantesey, 'quaere, if Sir Charles Danvers that was beheaded?--He was buryed in the Tower chapell.' Aubrey's description of the burial-place of the Danvers family (MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46), with the inscriptions, is printed in J. E. Jackson's Aubrey's _Wiltshire Collections_, pp. 223-225; the pedigree of Danvers is there given at p. 216.

=Elizabeth Danvers.=

[716]His[CY] mother, an Italian, prodigious parts for a woman. I have heard my father's mother say that she had Chaucer at her fingers' ends.

A great politician; great witt and spirit, but revengefull[717].

Knew how to manage her estate as well as any man; understood jewells as well as any jeweller.

Very beautifull, but only short-sighted. To obtain pardons for her sonnes[718] she maryed Sir Edmund Carey, cosen-german to queen Elizabeth, but kept him to hard meate.

Smyth of Smythcotes--Naboth's vineyard--digitus Dei[CZ].

The _arcanum_--'traditio lampadis' in the family of Latimer[DA] of poysoning king Henry 8--from my lady Purbec.

_Notes._

[CY] i.e. Henry, earl of Danby's. She was Elizabeth, daughter of John Nevill, the last lord Latimer. 'An Italian' may mean that she knew that language, among her other accomplishments. I can make nothing of a note added by Aubrey here, which seems to read '... Cowley, crop-ear'd.'

[CZ] I do not know to what circumstance, in the history of the Danvers family, Aubrey here applies 1 Kings xxi. 19.

[DA] Catherine Parr, last consort of Henry VIII, was widow of John, 3rd lord Latimer; and step-mother of John, 4th lord Latimer, the father of this Elizabeth Danvers, whose grand-daughter ('viscountess Purbeck') was Aubrey's informant.

=Henry Danvers=, earl of Danby (1573-1644).

[719]Henry Danvers[DB], earl of Danby; vide his christning and epitaph in libro[DC] A. in Dantesey church: vide <David> Lloyd's _State-worthies_, 8vo, 1679.

Quaere my brother William, and J. Stokes, for the examination order of the murther[DD] at Cosham in North Wilts. Old L. Shippon, Oxon,

'From Turke and Pope,' etc.

R. Wisdome was then lecturer and preacht that day, and Henry Long expired[720] in his armes. My great-grandfather, R. Danvers, was in some trouble about it, his horses and men being in that action. His servants were hanged and so ... Long of Linets. Vide Degory Wheare's Epistles and John Owen's Epigrams.

Physick Garden <at Oxford>: inscriptions there; inscription at Dantesey.

<He> gave to Sir Thomas Overbury _cloath_.

<He> perfected his Latin when a man by parson Oldham of Dodmerton. <He was a> perfect master of the French; a historian; tall and spare; temperate; sedate and solid; a very great favorite of prince Henry; lived most at Cornbury; a great improver of his estate, to 11000 _li._ per annum at the least; sold the 7 Downes, and turned the[721] ⓐ into lease; afterwards bought fee-simple neer Cirencester.

[722]Henry, earl of Danby, <was a> great oeconomist. All his servants <were> sober and wise[723] in their respective places. <He> kept ... gentlemen: <among them> colonel Legge[724] (governor of Portsmouth); and his brother; Mr. Arthur Drake (brother of Sir ... Drake, baronet).

[725]Earl of Danby--he was page to Sir Philip Sydney--from my cozen Elizabeth Villers: quaere +.

[726]Memorandum:--anno Domini, 16--, regno regis Caroli primi, Henry, earle of Danby, built an almeshowse in this parish <Dantesey, co. Wilts> for <six> poore people and[727] a schoole--quaere the salary[DE] of both.

_Notes._

[DB] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'<gules>, a chevron between 3 mullets <or> [Danby]; quartering, <gules>, a saltire engrailed <argent>, an annulet for difference [Nevill, lord Latimer],' surmounted by an earl's coronet.

[DC] i.e. in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46: see _supra_, p. 192. The epitaph contains English verses by George Herbert.

[DD] Henry, brother of Sir Robert, Long was killed, possibly in fair fight, by Sir Charles, brother of this Henry, Danvers: see the _Archaeological Magazine_, i. 306. In consequence, the Danvers brothers had to seek safety in France. In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 44ᵛ, Aubrey notes 'Sommerford magna--the assassination of Harry Long was contrived in the parlour of the parsonage here. Mr. Atwood was then parson; he was drown'd comeing home.'

Richard Atwood, M.A. Oxon, 1576: another instance of 'Digitus Dei.'

[DE] See Jackson's Aubrey's _Wiltshire Collections_, p. 228.

=Sir John Danvers= (15..-1594).

[728]Sir John Danvers, the father, <was> a most beautifull and good and even-tempered person. His picture <is> yet extant--my cosen John Danvers (his son[729]) haz it at ... Memorandum, George Herbert's verses on the curtaine.

He was of a mild and peaceable nature, and his sonnes' sad accident[730] brake his heart.

[731]By the same[732] (orator of the University of Cambridge), pinned on the curtaine of the picture of old Sir John Danvers, who was both a handsome and a good man:--

Passe not by: search and you may Find a treasure worth your stay. What makes a Danvers would you find? In a faire bodie, a faire mind. Sir John Danvers' earthly part Here is copyed out by art: But his heavenly and divine In his progenie doth shine. Had he only brought them forth, Know that much had been his worth. Ther's no monument to a sonne: Reade him there[733], and I have donne.

=Sir John Danvers= (1588?-1655).

[734]Sir John Danvers:--His first wife was the lady <Magdalen> Herbert, a widowe, mother of the lord Edward Herbert of Cherbery and George Herbert, orator. By her he had no issue; she was old enough to have been his mother. He maried her for love of her witt. The earl of Danby[735] was greatly displeased with him for this dis-agreable match.

[736]Sir John, his sonne, was then[737] a child about six. An ingeniose person, e.g. Chelsey house and garden, and Lavington garden[738]. A great friend of the king's partie and a patron to distressed and cashiered cavaliers, e.g. captain Gunter, he served; Christopher Gibbons (organist); captain Peters, etc.--Lord Bacon's friend. But to revenge himselfe of his sister, the l<ady> Garg<rave> to[739] ingratiate himself more with the P<rotector> to null his brother, earl of Danby's, will, he, contrary to his owne naturall inclination, did sitt in the high court of justice at the king's triall.

Dantesey (2500 _li._ per annum), not entailed, <was> forfeited and given to the duke of Yorke.

His son, John, by his last wife (<Grace> Hughes), has 500 _li._ per annum (old land) in Oxonshire, which was part of judge[740] Danvers' estate tempore Edwardi IV, one of the judges with Litleton.

Henry, the eldest son of Sir John Danvers, dyed before his father, and left his two sisters co-heires, viz. Elizabeth[741] <who> married Robert Viliers (only son of viscount Purbec), and Anne, married to Sir <Henry> Lee of Ditchley.

=The Danvers-Villiers family.=

<MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 97, gives 'eight coelestiall schemes[DF], being the nativities of Robert Danvers, esq. (that is, Robert Villers, son of the viscount Purbec[DG]), the lady Elizabeth his wife, and their six children, vidᵗ. foure daughters and two sonnes, diligently calculated according to art by the Tables of Regiomontanus by W. C.' This paper supplies the following dates:-->

[742]Robert Danvers[DH], esq., _m._ the lady Danvers[743], born born 19 Oct., 1624, | Tuesday, 7 Aprill, 1629, 11ʰ 48´ P.M. | 5ʰ 26´ P.M.

Mris Frances Danvers, born Friday 12 July 1650, 0ʰ 16´ P.M.

Mris Elizabeth Danvers, born Monday 10 November 1651, 10ʰ 21´ P.M.

Mris Ann Danvers, born Sunday 23 October 1653, 5ʰ 10´ A.M.

Mris Mary Danvers, born Saturday 10 November 1655, 7ʰ 28´ A.M.

Mr. Robert Danvers, born Saturday 14 Martii 1656/7, 5ʰ 30´ A.M.

Mr. Edward Danvers, born Thursday 28 Martii 1661, 4ʰ 9´ A.M.

[744]Memorandum, 1676, July 19, P.M., about 6ʰ, my lord viscount (Robert) Purbec, filius, was hurt in the neck by Mr. Fielding[DI] in Fleet Street.

<Ask Elizabeth, viscountess Purbec> the year and day when her son, the lord Purbec, was killed in a duel at Liege? Respondet: he was killed in a duell at Liege about a year before the death of King Charles IIᵈ--I thinke in the month of Aprill.

_Notes._

[DF] In MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 97ᵛ, is a note:--'These,' I suppose the schemes given on the recto of the leaf, 'were done when he,' Robert Danvers, 'was in Caersbrooke Castle, prisoner, in the Isle of Wight.'

[DG] In MS. Aubr. 23, on a slip at fol. 121ᵛ, is the note:--'Lord ... Purbec,' i.e. John Villiers, created viscount Purbeck in 1619, 'natus at Godbee, Sept. 6, 12ʰ P.M., 1591: melancholy. His mother saith he was borne Sept. 6, Monday, 12ʰ P.M., 1591. Mris Toman writeth that it was 2ʰ 30´ P.M.'

[DH] Robert Wright (took the name of Danvers), son of Frances (daughter of Sir Edward Coke; wife of John Villiers, of note 2) who eloped in 1621 with Sir Robert Howard. He styled himself 'viscount Purbeck'; died 1675.

[DI] Robert Fielding ('Beau' Fielding) afterwards married his widow, Margaret, daughter of Ulick Burke, marquis of Clanricarde.

=Michael Dary= (16..-1679).

[745]Michaell Dary, mathematician, and a gunner of the Tower (by profession, a tobacco-cutter), an admirable algebrician, was buryed in the churchyard neer Bethlem on May-day 1679. With writing in the frostie weather[746] his fingers rotted and gangraened. He was an old man; I guesse about 66 +.

=Edward Davenant=, merchant (15..-16..).

[747]Edward Davenant, merchant: he lies buried behind the bishop's stall at Sarum with this inscription[748]:--

Literas, lyceo, rerumque usus, emporio, etc.

[749]Memorandum:--Mr. <Edward> Davenant, merchant in London, eldest brother of John Davenant, bishop of Sarum, broke (the seas being crosse to him); but being a person of great estimation with the merchants, they favoured him, and he went into Ireland. He did set up the trade of pilchard fishing at Wythy Island[750] there, where he was a Justice of Peace, and in 20 yeares he gott there about ten thousand pounds, payd his debts, and left his family well. This account I had from my worthy and intimate friend, Mr. John Davenant, grandsonne to him.

=Edward Davenant=, D.D. (16..-1679/80).

[751]Edward Davenant[DJ], S. Theol. Dr., was the eldest son of <Edward> Davenant, merchant of London, who was elder brother to the right reverend father in God, the learned John Davenant, bishop of Sarum.

I will first speake of the father, for he was a rare[752] man in his time, and deserves to be remembred. He was of a healthy complexion[753], rose at 4 or 5 in the morning, so that he followed his studies till 6 or 7, the time that other merchants goe about their businesse; so that, stealing so much and so quiet time in the morning, he studied as much as most men. He understood Greeke and Latin perfectly, and was a better Grecian then the bishop. He writt a rare Greeke character as ever I sawe. He was a great mathematician, and understood as much of it as was knowen in his time. Dr. Davenant, his son, hath excellent notes of his father's, in mathematiques, as also in Greeke, and 'twas no small advantage <to> him to have such a learned father to imbue arithmeticall knowledge into him when a boy, night times when he came from schoole (Merchant Taylors'). He understood trade very well, was a sober and good menager, but the winds and seas cross'd him. He had so great losses that he broke, but his creditors knowing it was no fault of his, and also that he was a person of great vertue and justice, used not extremity towards him; but I thinke gave him more credit, so that he went into Ireland, and did sett up a fishery for pilchards at Wythy Island, in Ireland, where in ... yeares he gott 10000 _li._; satisfied and payd his creditors; and over and above left a good estate to his son. His picture bespeakes him to be a man of judgement, and parts, and gravity extraordinary. There is written _Expecto_. He slipt comeing downe the stone stayres at the palace at Sarum, which bruise caused his death. He lyes buried in the south aissle of the choire in Sarum Cathedral behind the bishop's stall. His son, Dr. Davenant, sett up and made this inscription for him, which I will remember as well as I can:--

Literas, lyceo, rerumque usus, emporio, Nostris edoctus, ingentis hinc prudentiae Extulit merces insulas ad Hibernicas; Ubi annos viginti custos pacis publicae Populum ditavit inopem, emollivit ferum, Gratus et charus Anglis et Hibernicis. Musis dilectus Latiis, nec minus Atticis, Studiisque fratrem, hujus ecclesiae praesulem, Sequebatur aemulus. Omnes in illius pectore Fulserunt Gratiae, sed praenituit Pietas, Quae in egenos tantum non fuit prodiga. Post varios casus, in vitae actu ultimo Cum luctu[754] bonorum, plausu omnium, exiit. Quid multis? Scias hoc, lector: vivus memoria Pollebat mirâ, mortuus redolet suavi.

Obiit anno { Aetatis suae ... { Aerae Christianae ...

[755]Dr. Edward Davenant was borne at his father's howse at Croydon in Surrey (the farthest handsome great howse on the left hand as you ride to Bansted Downes) anno Domini ... (vide register). I have heard him say, he thankt God his father did not know the houre of his birth; for that it would have tempted him to have studyed astrologie, for which he had no esteeme at all.

He went to school at Merchant Taylors' school, from thence to Queen's Colledge in Cambridge, of which house his uncle, John Davenant, (afterwards bishop of Sarum), was head, where[756] he was fellowe.

When his uncle was preferred to the church of Sarum, he made his nephew treasurer of the church, which is the best dignity, and gave him the vicaridge of Gillingham in com. Dorset, and then Paulsholt parsonage, neer the Devises, which last in the late troubles he resigned to his wive's brother <William> Grove.

He was to his dyeing day of great diligence in study, well versed in all kinds of learning, but his genius did most strongly encline him to the mathematiques, wherin he has written (in a hand as legible as print) MSS. in 4to a foot high at least. I have often heard him say (jestingly) that he would have a man knockt in the head that should write any thing in mathematiques that had been written of before. I have heard Sir Christopher Wren say that he does beleeve he was the best mathematician in the world about 30 or 35 + yeares agoe. But being a divine he was unwilling to print, because the world should not know how he had spent the greatest part of his time.

He very rarely went any farther then the church, which is hard by his house. His wife was a very discreet and excellent huswife, that he troubled himselfe about no mundane affaires, and 'tis a private place, that he was but little diverted with visitts.

I have writt to his executor, that we may have the honour and favour to conserve his MSS. in the Library of the Royal Societie, and to print what is fitt. I hope I shall obtaine my desire. And the bishop of Exon (<Thomas> Lamplugh) maried the Dr's second daughter Katherine, and he was tutor to Sir Joseph Williamson, our President. He had a noble library, which was the aggregate of his father's, the bishop's, and his owne.

He was of middling stature, something spare; and weake, feeble leggs; he had sometimes the goute; was of great temperance, he alwayes dranke his beer at meales with a toast, winter and summer, and sayd it made the beer the better.

He was not only a man of vast learning, but of great goodnes and charity; the parish and all his friends will have a great losse in him. He tooke no use for money upon bond. He was my singular good friend, and to whom I have been more beholding then to any one beside; for I borrowed five hundred pounds of him for a yeare and a halfe, and I could not fasten any interest on him.

He was very ready to teach and instruct. He did[757] me the favour to informe me first in Algebra. His daughters were Algebrists.

His most familiar learned acquaintance was Lancelot Morehouse, parson of Pertwood. I remember when I was a young Oxford scholar, that he could not endure to heare of the _New_ (Cartesian, or &c.) _Philosophy_; 'for,' sayd he, 'if a new philosophy is brought-in, a new divinity will shortly follow' (or 'come next'); and he was right.

He dyed at his house at Gillingham aforesaid, where he and his predecessor, Dr. <John> Jessop, had been vicars one hundred and ... yeares, and lyes buryed in the chancell there. Obiit March 9th, 1679/80, and was buried the 31 of the same month.

He was heire to his uncle, John Davenant, bishop of Sarum. Memorandum:--when bishop Coldwell[DK] came to this bishoprick, he did lett long leases, which were but newly expired when bishop Davenant came to this sea; so that there tumbled into his coffers vast summes. His predecessor, Dr. Tounson, maried his sister, continued in the see but a little while, and left severall children unprovided for, so the king or rather duke of Bucks gave bishop Davenant the bishoprick out of pure charity[DL]. Sir Anthony Weldon sayes (in his _Court of King James_), 'twas the only bishoprick that he disposed of without symony, all others being made merchandise of for the advancement of his kindred. Bishop Davenant being invested, maried all his nieces to clergie-men, so he was at no expence for their preferment. He granted to his nephew (this Dr.) the lease of the great mannour of Poterne, worth about 1000 _li._ per annum; made him threasurer of the church of Sarum, of which the corps is the parsonage of Calne, which was esteemed to be of the like value. He made severall purchases, all which he left him; insomuch as the churchmen of Sarum say, that he gained more by this church then ever any man did by the church since the Reformation, and take it very unkindly that, at his death, he left nothing (or but 50 _li._) to that church which was the source of his estate. How it happened I know not, or how he might be workt-on in his old age, but I have heard severall yeares since, he had sett downe 500 _li._ in will for the Cathedral Church of Sarum.

He had 6 sonnes and 4 daughters. There was a good schoole at Gillingham: at winter nights he taught his sonnes Arithmetic and Geometric; his 2 eldest daughters, especially Mris Ettrick, was a notable Algebrist.

☞ _Memoria._ He had an excellent way of improving his children's memories, which was thus: he would make one of them read a chapter or &c., and then they were (_sur le champ_) to repeate what they remembred, which did exceedingly profitt them; and so for sermons, he did not let them write notes (which jaded their memorie), but gave an account _vivâ voce_. When his eldest son, John, came to Winton-schoole (where the boyes were enjoyned to write sermon notes) he had not wrote; the master askt him for his notes--he had none, but sayd, 'If I doe not give you as good an account of it as they that doe, I am much mistaken.'

[758]Edward Davenant, D.D., obiit 12 of March 1679/80, and is seated in the north side of the east end of the chancell at Gillingham, Dorset.--From Anthony Ettrick, esq.

[759]By Dr. Edward Davenant, S.T.P., _Versus mnemonici ad computationes cossicas_. Memorandum:--Dr. Davenant hath excellent explanations of these verses, which transcribe: his son James[DM], at Oriel College Oxon, hath them.

_Notes._

[DJ] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'gules, between 9 cross-crosslets fitchée or, 3 escallops ermine [Davenant].'

[DK] John Coldwell was consecrated Dec. 26, 1591, and died Oct. 14, 1596.

[DL] Robert Tounson, consecrated July 9, 1620, died May 15, 1621, leaving a widow and fifteen children. The congé d'élire on behalf of Davenant was issued May 29, 1621.

[DM] James Davenant, matric. at Oriel, July 23, 1656.

=John Davenant= (1576-1641).

[760]John Davenant, episcopus Sarum: his epitaph made by bishop Pierson[761].

He bought the advowson of Newton-tony, Wilts, which he gave to Queene's College[762], Cambridge--quaere if not others.

He hung the choire of Sarum with purple velvet, which was plundered in the sacrilegious times.

=Sir William Davenant= (1605/6-1668).

[763]Sir William Davenant[DN], knight, Poet Laureate, was borne [about[764] the end of February--vide A. Wood's _Antiq. Oxon._--baptized 3 of March A.D. 1605/6], in ... street in the city of Oxford at the Crowne taverne.

His father was John Davenant, a vintner there, a very grave and discreet citizen: his mother was a very beautifull woman, and of a very good witt, and of conversation extremely agreable. They had three sons, viz. 1, Robert[LII.], 2, William[765]; and 3, Nicholas (an attorney): and two handsome daughters, one married to Gabriel Bridges (B.D., fellow of C. C. Coll., beneficed in the Vale of White Horse), another to Dr. <William> Sherburne (minister of Pembridge in Hereford, and a canon of that church).

[LII.] Robert[766] was a fellow of St. John's College in Oxon: then preferred to the parsonage of West Kington by bishop Davenant, whose chaplaine he was.

Mr. William Shakespeare was wont to goe into Warwickshire once a yeare, and did commonly in his journey lye at this house in Oxon. where he was exceedingly respected. [I[767] have heard parson Robert <Davenant> say that Mr. W. Shakespeare haz given him a hundred kisses.] Now Sir William would sometimes, when he was pleasant over a glasse of wine with his most intimate friends--e.g. Sam. Butler (author of Hudibras), &c.--say, that it seemed to him that he writt with the very spirit that Shakespeare, and seemd[768] contented[769] enough to be thought his son. [He[770] would tell them the story as above, in which way his mother had a very light report[771].]

He went to schoole at Oxon to Mr. Sylvester (Charles Whear, filius Degorii W., was his schoolefellowe), but I feare he was drawne from schoole before he was ripe enough.

He was preferred to the first dutches of Richmond to wayte on her as a page. I remember he told me, she sent him to a famous apothecary for some Unicornes-horne, which he was resolved to try with a spider which he incircled[772] in it, but without the expected successe; the spider would goe over, and thorough and thorough, unconcerned.

He was next a servant (as I remember, a page also) to Sir Fulke Grevil[773] lord Brookes, with whom he lived to his death, which was that a servant of his (that had long wayted on him and his lordship had often told him that he would doe something for him, but did not but still putt him off with delayes) as he was trussing up his lord's pointes comeinge from stoole (for then their breeches were fastned to the doubletts with points--then came in hookes and eies--which not to have fastened was in my boy-hood a great crime) stabbed him. This was at the same time that the duke of Buckingham was stabbed by Felton, and the great noise and report of the duke's, Sir William told me, quite drowned this of his lord's, that 'twas scarce taken notice of. This Sir Fulke G. was a good witt, and had been a good poet[774] in his youth. He wrote a poeme in folio which he printed not till he was old, and then, (as Sir W. said) with too much judgment and refining, spoyld it, which was at first a delicate thing.

He writt a play or playes, and verses, which he did with so much sweetnesse and grace, that by it he got the love and friendship of his two Mecaenasses, Mr. Endymion Porter, and Mr. Henry Jermyn (since earl of St. Albans), to whom he has dedicated his poem called _Madegascar_. Sir John Suckling also was his great and intimate friend.

After the death of Ben Johnson he was made in his place Poet Laureat.

He gott a terrible clap of a black handsome wench that lay in Axe-yard, Westminster, whom he thought on when he speakes of _Dalga_ in _Gondibert_, which cost him his nose, with which unlucky mischance many witts were to<o> cruelly bold: e.g. Sir John Menis, Sir John Denham, &c.

[775]In 1641, when the troubles began, he was faine to fly into France, and at Canterbury he was seised on by the mayor--vide Sir John Menis' verses--

'For Will had in his face the flawes And markes recieved in countrey's cause: They flew on him like lyons passant, And tore his nose as much as was on't, And call'd him superstitious groome, And Popish Dog, and Cur of Rome. . . . . . 'Twas surely the first time That Will's religion was a crime.'

In the civill warres in England he was in the army of William, marquess of Newcastle (since duke), where he was generall of the ordinance. I have heard his brother Robert say, for that service there was owing to him by King Charles the First 10000 _li._ During that warre, 'twas his hap to have two aldermen of Yorke his prisoners, who were something stubborne, and would not give the ransome ordered by the councell of warr. Sir William used them civilly, and treated them in his tent, and sate them at the upper end of his table à la mode de France, and having donne so a good while to his chardge, told them (privately and friendly) that he was not able to keepe so chargeable guests, and bad them take an opportunity to escape, which they did; but having been gon a little way they considered with themselves that in gratitude they ought to goe back and give Sir William their thankes; which they did, but it was like to have been to their great danger of being taken by the soldiers; but they happened to gett safe to Yorke.

The King's party being overcome, Sir William Davenant (who received the honour of knighthood from the duke of Newcastle by commision) went into France; resided chiefly in Paris where the Prince of Wales then was. He then began to write his romance in verse, called _Gondibert_, and had not writt above the first booke, but being very fond of it, prints it (before a quarter finished), with an epistle of his to Mr. Thomas Hobbes and Mr. Hobbes' excellent epistle to him printed before it. The courtiers with the Prince of Wales could never be at quiet about this piece, which was the occasion of a very witty but satericall little booke of verses in 8vo. about 4 sheetes, writt by George, duke of Buckes, Sir John Denham, etc.--

'That thou forsak'st thy sleepe, thy diet, And which is more then that, _our quiet_.'

This last word Mr. Hobs told me was the occasion of their writing.

Here he layd an ingeniose designe to carry a considerable number of artificers (chiefly weavers) from hence to Virginia; and by Mary the queen-mother's meanes, he got favour from the king of France to goe into the prisons and pick and choose. So when the poor dammed wretches understood what the designe was, the<y> cryed _uno ore_--'_Tout tisseran!_' i.e. _We are all weavers!_ Will. <took> 36, as I remember, if not[776]more, and shipped them; and[777] as he was in his voyage towards Virginia, he and his _tisseran_ were all taken by the shippes then belonging to the Parliament of England. The slaves I suppose they sold, but Sir William was brought prisoner to England. Whither he was first a prisoner at Caresbroke-castle in the Isle of Wight, or at the Tower of London, I have forgott: he was a prisoner at both. His _Gondibert_, 4to, was finished at Caresbroke-castle. He expected no mercy from the Parliament, and had no hopes of escaping <with> his life. It pleased God that the two aldermen of Yorke aforesayd hearing that he was taken and brought to London to be tryed for his life, which they understood was in extreme danger, they were touch<ed> with so much generosity and goodnes, as, upon their owne accounts and meer motion, to try what they could to save Sir William's life who had been so civill to them and a meanes to save theirs, to come to London: and acquainting the Parliament with it, upon their petition, etc., Sir William's life was saved[LIII.].

[LIII.] 'Twas Harry Martyn that saved Sir William Davenant's life in the Howse.--When they were talking of sacrificing one, then said Henry that 'in sacrifices they always offered pure and without blemish: now yee talke of making a sacrifice of an old rotten rascall.' Vide H. Martyn's Life, where by _this very jest_, then[778] forgot, the lord Falkland saved H. Martyn's Life.

Being freed from imprisonment, (because playes, scil. Tragedies and Comoedies, were in those Presbyterian times scandalous) he contrives to set-up an Opera _stylo recitativo_, wherein serjeant Maynard and severall citizens were engagers. It began at Rutland-house, in Charter-house-yard; next, (scil. anno ...) at the Cock-pitt in Drury-lane, where were acted very well _stylo recitativo_, _Sir Francis Drake's ..._, and _the Siege of Rhodes_ (1st and 2d part). It did affect the eie and eare extremely. This first brought scenes in fashion in England; before, at playes, was only a hanging.

Anno Domini 1660 was the happy restauration of his majestie Charles II. Then was Sir Wm. made ...; and the Tennis court in Little Lincolnes-Inne fielde was turn'd into a play-house for the duke of Yorke's players, where Sir William had lodgeings, and where he dyed, April the <7th> 166<8>[LIV.].

[LIV.] It is now a Tennis court again, upon the building of the duke's house in Dorset garden.

I was at his funerall. He had a coffin of walnutt-tree; Sir[779] John Denham sayd 'twas the finest coffin that ever he sawe.[780]His body was carried in a herse from the play-house to Westminster-Abbey, where, at the great west dore, he was recieved by the sing<ing> men and choristers, who sang the service of the church ('I am the Resurrection, &c.') to his[LV.] grave, which is in the south crosse aisle, on which, on a paving stone of marble, is writt, in imitation of that on Ben Johnson, '_O rare Sir Will. Davenant_.'

[LV.] Which is neer to the monument of Dr. Isaac Barrow.--Memorandum:--my honoured friend Sir Robert Moray lies by him; but _sans_ inscription.

His first lady was Dr. ...'s daughter, physitian, ... by whom he had a very beautifull and ingeniose son that dyed above 20 yeares since. His 2d lady was the daughter of ... by whom he had severall children: I sawe some very young ones at the funerall. His eldest is Charles Davenant, LL.Dr., who inherits his father's beauty and phancy[781]. He practises at Doctors Commons. He writt a play called _Circe_, which haz taken very well.

Sir William hath writt about 25 (quaere) playes; the romance called _Gondibert_; and a little poeme called _Madagascar_.

His private opinion was that Religion at last,--e.g. a hundred yeares hence,--would come to settlement, and that in a kind of ingeniose Quakerisme.

[782]That sweet swan of Isis, Sir William Davenant, dyed the seaventh day of April last, and lyes buried amongst the poets in Westminster abbey[783], by his antagonist, Mr. Thomas May, whose inscription of whose marble was taken away by order since the king came in.

Sir William was Poet Laureat; and Mr. John Dryden hath his place. But me thought it had been proper that a laurell should have been sett on his coffin--which was not donne.

He hath writt above 20 playes; besides his _Gondibert_ and _Madagascar_.

_Note._

[DN] Aubrey gives in trick the Davenant coat, _ut supra_, p. 203, but wreathed in laurel: see the facsimile at the end of vol. iv. of Clark's Wood's _Life and Times_.

=John Davenport= (1597-1669/70).

[784]Sir John Dugdale told me that he would enquire about Mr. John Davenport, and send to you.--This was halfe a yeare since, at least.

[785]Sir John Dugdale saith that John Davenport was a nonconformist; and he hath enquired of his relations, who know nothing of him, if dead or alive, but they believe he is dead. He went over sea--he thinkes to the Barbadoes, or some of these plantations[786], or to Holland.

=John Davys= (1550-1605).

[787]Memorandum:--Mr. Browne, the mathematicall instrument maker of the Minories, told me that the sea-quadrant was invented by Captaine Davy ... yeares since,--he that found out the streights called Davys's Streights.

=Arthur Dee= (1579-1651).

[788]'Arthur Dee,' (sonne of John Dee), a physitian at Norwych, 'was born 13 Julii 1579, manè, horâ 4. 30´ fere (vel potius, 25 min.) in ipso ortu solis, ut existimo'--Thus I find it in his father's _Ephemerides_.

Obiit Norwychi about 1650.

[789]<Arthur Dee told Dr. Bathurst and Dr. Wharton> 'that (being but a boy) he used[LVI.] to play at quoits with the plates of gold made by projection in the garret of Dr. Dee's lodgings in Prague.... When he was 9 yeares of age and at Trebona in Germany with his father, he was design'd to succede Kelly as his father's speculator.'

[LVI.] Mrs. Dee, wife to his son Mr. Rowland Dee, told me the other day that Dr. Arthur Dee hath often told her the same.

[790]<Arthur Dee> 'has often told Mr. Whitefoot, of Norwich, who buried him, that he had more than once seen the philosopher's stone, and he thinks that he has written some peice on that subject. He was a man of a very pleasant conversation and had good practice in Norwich: a great acquaintance of Dr. <Thomas> Browne's.'

=John Dee= (1527-1608).

[791]John Dee:--Mr. Ashmole hath his nativitie. Resp.--'tis in his _Theatrum Chemicum_. Hee had a very faire cleare rosie complexion: so had the earl of Rochester, exceeding.

[792]'Johannes Dee, natus Londini, 1527, Julii 13, 4ʰ 2´ P.M.'--this nativity[DO] I copied out of the learned John Dee's papers in the hands of Elias Ashmole, esq.

[793]From Elias Ashmole--the father of this John Dee was a vintner in ... London.

[794]John Dee--from Meredith Lloyd:--Talbot, marying an inheritresse of the prince of South Wales (who was descended from Howel Da, i.e. Howelus bonus: the same family from whom John Dee was descended).--Dr. Troutbec hath Raymund Lully's ... (a chymical tract) with John Dee's marginall notes.

[795]I left about 1674, with Mr. Elias Ashmole, 3 pages in folio concerning him[DP].

Memorandum:--Mr. Meredith Lloyd tells me that his father was Roland Dee[DQ], a Radnorshire gentleman[LVII.], and that he hath his pedegree, which he hath promised to lend to me. He was descended from Rees, prince of South Wales.

[LVII.] J. Dee's father was a vintner in London at the signe of ... in ...: from Elias Ashmole, esqre, who had it from his grandsonne (sonne of Arthur).

My great-grandfather, William Aubrey (LL.Dr.), and he were cosins, and intimate acquaintance. Mr. Ashmole hath letters between them, under their owne hands, viz. one of Dr. W. A. to him[796] (ingeniosely and learnedly written) touching the _Sovraignty of the Sea_, of which J. D. writt a booke which he dedicated to queen Elizabeth and desired my great grandfather's advice upon it. Dr. A.'s countrey-house was at Kew, and J. Dee lived at Mortlack, not a mile distant. I have heard my grandmother say they were often together.

Arthur Dee, M.D., his son, lived and practised at Norwich, an intimate friend of Sir Thomas Browne, M.D., who told me that Sir William Boswell, the Dutch ambassador, had all John Dee's MSS.: quaere his executors for his papers. He[797] lived then somewhere in Kent.

Memorandum:--Sir William Boswell's widowe lives at Bradburne, neer Swynoke, in Kent. Memorandum:--Mr. Hake, of the Physitians' Colledge, hath a MS. of Mr. John Dee's, which see or gett.

Quaere A. Wood for the MSS. in the Bodlean library of Doctor Gwyn, wherein[798] are severall letters between him and John Dee, and Doctor Davies, of chymistrey and of magicall secrets, which my worthy friend Mr. Meredith Lloyd hath seen and read: and he tells me that he haz been told that Dr. Barlowe gave it to the Prince of Tuscany[799].

Meredith Lloyd sayes that John Dee's printed booke of Spirits, is not above the third part of what was writt, which were in Sir Robert Cotton's library; many whereof were much perished by being buryed, and Sir Robert Cotton bought the field to digge after it.

Memorandum:--he told me of John Dee, etc., conjuring at a poole[LVIII.] in Brecknockshire, and that they found a wedge of gold; and that they were troubled and indicted as conjurers at the assizes; that a mighty storme and tempest was raysed in harvest time, the countrey people had not knowen the like.

[LVIII.] Vide Almanac, about the poole in Brecon.

His picture in a wooden cutt is at the end of Billingsley's Euclid, but Mr. Elias Ashmole hath a very good painted copie of him from his sonne Arthur. He had a very fair, clear[800] complexione (as Sir Henry Savile); a long beard as white as milke. A very handsome man.

Investigatio cinerum △

Old goodwife Faldo[DR] (a natif of Mortlak in Surrey), 80+ aetatis (1672[801]), did know Dr. Dee, and told me he dyed at his howse in Mortlack, next to the howse where the tapistry hangings are made, viz. west of that howse; and that he dyed about 60+, 8 or 9 yeares since (January, 1672), and lies buried in the chancell, and had a stone (marble) upon him. Her mother tended him in his sicknesse. She told me that he did entertain the Polonian ambassador at his howse in Mortlak, and dyed not long after; and that he shewed the eclipse with a darke roome to the said ambassador[LIX.]. She beleeves that he was eightie years old when he dyed. She sayd, he kept a great many stilles goeing. That he layd the storme Sir Everard Digby. That the children dreaded him because he was accounted a conjurer. He recovered the basket of cloathes stollen, when she and his daughter (both girles) were negligent: she knew this.

[LIX.] A Brief History of Muscovia, by Mr. John Milton, Lond. 1682, pag. 100, scil. 1588. 'Dr. Giles Fletcher went ambassador from the Queen to Pheodor then emperour; whose relations, being judicious and exact, are best read entirely by themselves. This emperour, upon report of the great learning <of> the mathematician, invited him to Mosco, with offer of two thousand pound a-yeare, and from Prince Boris one thousand markes; to have his provision from the emperor's table, to be honourably recieved, and accounted as one of the chief men in the land. All which Dee accepted not.'

He is buried (upon the matter) in the middest of the chancell, a little towards the south side. She sayd, he lies buried in the chancell between Mr. Holt and Mr. Miles, both servants to queen Elizabeth, and both have brasse inscriptions on their marble, and that there was on him a marble, but without any inscription, which marble is removed; on which old marble is signe of two or three brasse pinnes. A daughter of his (I thinke, Sarah) maried to a flax-dresser, in Southwarke: quaere nomen.

He dyed within a yeare, if not shortly, after the king of Denmark was here: vide Sir Richard Baker's _Chronicle_ and Capt. Wharton's _Almanac_.

[802]He built the gallery in the church at Mortlak. Goody Faldo's father was the carpenter that work't it.

A stone was on his grave, which is since removed. At the upper end of the chancell then were steppes, which in Oliver's dayes were layd plaine by the minister, and then 'twas removed. The children when they played in the church would runne to Dr. Dee's grave-stone. She told me that he forewarned Q. Elizabeth of Dr. Lopez attempt against her (the Dr. bewrayed, ---- himselfe).

He used to distill egge-shells, and 'twas from hence that Ben Johnson had his hint of the alkimist, whom he meant.

He was a great peace-maker; if any of the neighbours fell out, he would never lett them alone till he had made them friends.

He was tall and slender. He wore a gowne like an artist's gowne, with hanging sleeves, and a slitt.

A mighty good man he was.

He was sent ambassador for Queen Elizabeth (shee thinkes) into Poland.

Memorandum:--his regayning of the plate for ...'s butler, who comeing from London by water with a basket of plate, mistooke another basket that was like his. Mr. J. Dee bid them goe by water such a day, and looke about, and he should see the man that had his basket, and he did so; but he would not gett the lost horses, though he was offered severall angells. He told a woman (his neighbour) that she laboured under the evill tongue of an ill neighbour (another woman), which came to her howse, who he sayd was a witch.

In J. David Rhesus' _British Grammar_, p. 60:--'Juxta Crucis amnem (_Nant y groes_), in agro _Maessyuetiano_, apud Cambro-brytannos, erat olim illustris quaedam _Nigrorum_ familia, unde _Joan Du_, id est, _Johannes_ ille cognomento _Niger_, Londinensis, sui generis ortum traxit: vir certe ornatissimus et doctissimus, et omnium hac nostra aetate tum Philosophorum tum Mathematicorum facile princeps: monadis illius Hieroglyphicae et Propaedeumatum aphoristicorum de praestantioribus quibusdam Naturae virtutibus, aliorumque non paucorum operum insignium autor eximius. Vir praeterea ob tam multam experientiam frequenti sua in tot transmarinas regiones peregrinatione comparatam, rerum quamplurimarum et abditarum peritissimus.'

_Notes._

[DO] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 36, Aubrey gives the horoscope, with astrological notes, e.g. that there is 'a reception between Saturn and Luna,' that 'Jupiter is in his exaltation and lord of the ascendant,' etc.

[DP] In MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 6, Aubrey notes:--'vide the new additions in John Dee's life.' This perhaps refers to MS. Aubr. 6, foll. 36-38, as being additional to the paper which he here says he left with Ashmole.

[DQ] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 37, Aubrey gives in colours the coat, 'gules, a lion rampant within a bordure indented or,' adding the note:--'Memorandum in the scutcheon at the beginning of his preface the bordure is engrailed: I believe that is the truest, for 'twas donne with care--sed quaere.'

In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 36ᵛ, he gives in trick the coat for Dee's match '1578, Febr. 5,' with Jane Fromundz, viz.:--'in the 1 and 6, gules, a lion rampant within a bordure engrailed or [Dee]; in the 2, or, a lion rampant gules [ ...]; in the 3, ..., a lion rampant crowned sable [ ...]; in the 4, azure, a lion rampant ... [Dun]; in the 5, argent, on 2 bends gules 6 cross crosslets or [ ...],' as the coat of John Dee; impaling 'per chevron ermines and gules, a chevron between 3 fleur de lys or' [Fromundz], for Jane Fromundz. The motto is 'A Domino factum est istud.'

[DR] Aubrey's conversation with 'goodwife Faldo,' written down at the time (Oct. 22, 1672), is found in a letter to Anthony Wood, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 192.

=Thomas Deere= (1639/40-16..).

[803]Thomas Deere, natus March 15º, 1639, 15ʰ 7´ P.M., at New Sarum--John Gadbury's advice, 1 April, 1676.

[804]Thomas Deare's letter:--

'From Stackton in parochia de Fordingbridge, die Jovis[805], 9 Martii, 1675/6, 2ʰ 30´ P.M.

The Accydents of the native, etc.

In November 1655, aged 15 yeare 8 moneths, went to London, to a master, a clerke in the Kinge's Bench.

In November followinge, aged 16 yeare 8 moneths, had the small pox.

In February and March 1658, an ague and feavor.

At the same tyme an uncle (the mother's brother) dyed, which gave the native a good legacy.

In 1661, purchased an estate.

In August 1662, hee marryed, which was one of the worst acts that etc.

In July 1663, hee had a sonn born, etc.

In June 1667, another sone.

In the same yeare in September, his father dyed etc., aged 70 etc.

In 1666, a very great feavor; in <16>67, another; in '68, a surfeite which caused another <fever>, etc.

In May '71, another sunn which lived but a fortnight, etc.

Many other accidents there are and remarkeable, but I suppose 3 or 4 or but 2 of these may doe well enough[806] etc. Yet as to preferrment, etc.--In Aug. 1667, I was courted by the old earle of Pembrook[807] to be his chiefe steward; but, hee always vexed with false informations against me, I left his ymployment.'

[808]Memorandum:--Mr. Th. Deer is now (Jan. 1677/8) in prison at Fisherton-Anger.

=Gideon de Laune= (1565?-1659).

[809]... De Laune:--he was apothecary to Mary the queen mother: came into England....

He was a very wise man, and as a signe[810] of it left an estate of 80,000 _li._

Sir William Davenant was his great acquaintance and told me of him, and that after his returne into England he went to visit him, being then octogenary, and very decrepit with the gowt, but had his sight and understanding. He had a place made for him in the kitchen chimney; and, _non obstante_ he was master of such an estate, Sir William sawe him slighted not only by his daughter-in-lawe, but by the cooke-mayd, which much affected him--misery of old age.

He wrote a booke of prudentiall advice, in quadrans, 8vo, in English verse, which I have seen, and there are good things in it.

=Sir John Denham= (1615-1668/9).

[811]Sir John Denham was unpolished with the small-pox: otherwise a fine complexion.

[812]From Anthony Wood:--in the Matriculation booke he finds it thus written--'Johannes Denham, Essex, filius Johannis Denham de Horseley parva in com. praed., militis, aetat. 16, 1631.'

[813]Sir John Denham[DS], Knight of the Bath, was borne at Dublin in Ireland, anno Domini....

Quaere Dr. Buzby if he was a Westminster schollar--I have forgot. Anno ... he was admitted of Trinity Colledge in Oxford, where he stayed.... His tutor there was.... I have heard Mr. Josias Howe say that he was the dreamingst young fellow; he never expected such things from him as he haz left the world. When he was there he would game extremely; when he had played away all his money he would play away his father's wrought rich gold cappes.

His father was Sir John Denham, one of the Barons of the Exchequer. He had been one of the Lords Justices in Ireland: he maried Ellenor[LX.], one of the daughters of Sir Garret Moore, knight, lord baron of Mellifont, in the kingdome of Ireland, whom he maried during his service in Ireland in the place of Chief Justice there.

[LX.] She was a beautifull woman, as appeares by her monument at Egham. Sir John, they say, did much resemble his father.

From Trinity Colledge he went to Lincolnes-Inne, where (as judge Wadham Windham[814], who was his contemporary, told me) he was as good a student as any in the house. Was not suspected to be a witt.

At last, viz. 1640, his play of _The Sophy_ came out, which did take extremely: Mr. Edmund Waller sayd then of him, that he _broke-out like the Irish Rebellion[LXI.]--threescore thousand strong_, before any body was aware[815].

[LXI.] His play came out at that time.

He was much rooked by gamesters, and fell acquainted with that unsanctified crew, to his ruine. His father had some suspition of it, and chid him severely, wherupon his son John (only child) wrot a little essay in 8vo, printed ..., _Against[LXII.] gameing and to shew the vanities and inconveniences of it_, which he presented to his father to let him know his detestation of it[DT]. But shortly after his father's death[LXIII.] (who left 2,000 or 1,500 _li._ in ready money, 2 houses well furnished, and much plate) the money was played away first, and next the plate was sold. I remember about 1646 he lost 200 _li._ one night at New-cutt. Anno ... (I ghesse 1642) he was high-sheriff of the countie of Surrey.

[LXII.] Vide Justus Turcaeus[816] _de lusu aleae_, where he proves 'tis a disease and that it proceeds from pride, and that the Spaniards (the proudest nation) are most[817] addicted to it.

[LXIII.] January 6, 1638[818], sepult. at Egham in Surrey.

At the beginning of the civill warre he was made governor of Farnham-castle for the king, but he was but a young soldier, and did not keepe it. In 1642/3, after Edghill fight, his poeme called _Cowper's Hill_ was printed at Oxford, in a sort of browne paper, for then they could gett no better.

1646/7 (quaere) he conveyed, or stole away, the two dukes of Yorke and Glocester from St. James's (from the tuition of the earle of Northumberland), and conveyed them into France to the Prince of Wales and Queen-mother. King Charles II sent him and the lord Culpepper envoyes to the king of Poland,....

Anno 1652, he returned into England, and being in some straights was kindly entertayned by the earle of Pembroke at Wilton, where I had the honour to contract an acquaintance with him. Here he translated the ... booke of Vergil's _Æneis_, and also burlesqu't it[LXIV.]: quaere Mr. Christopher Wase who was then there, tutor to William[819], lord Herbert. He was, as I remember, a yeare with my lord of Pembroke at Wilton and London; he had then sold all the lands his father had left him.

[LXIV.] He burlesqued Virgil, and burnt it, sayeing that 'twas not fitt that the best poet should be so abused.--From Mr. Christopher Wase.

His first wife was the daughter and heire of ... Cotton, of ... in Glocestershire, by whom he had 500 _li._ per annum, one son and two daughters.[820]His son did not _patrem sapere_. He was of Wadham College[821] in Dr. Wilkins's time: he dyed _sine prole_, I thinke, there.--One of his daughters is maried to ... Morley, of Sussex, esq.; the other....

He was much beloved by King Charles the First, who much valued him for his ingenuity. He graunted him the reversion of the surveyor of his majestie's buildings, after the decease of Mr. Inigo Jones; which place, after the restauration of King Charles II he enjoyed to his death, and gott seaven thousand pounds, as Sir Christopher Wren told me of, to his owne knowledge. Sir Christopher Wren was his deputie.

Anno Domini 166.. he maried his 2d wife, <Margaret> Brookes, a very beautifull young lady; Sir John was ancient and limping. The duke of Yorke fell deepely in love with her, though (I have been morally assured) he never had carnall knowledge of her. This occasioned Sir John's distemper of madnesse in 166.., which first appeared when he went from London to see the famous free-stone quarries at Portland in Dorset, and when he came within a mile of it, turned back to London again, and did[822] not see it. He went to Hownslowe, and demanded rents of lands he had sold many yeares before; went to the king, and told him he was the Holy Ghost. But it pleased God that he was cured of this distemper, and writt excellent verses (particularly on the death of Mr. Abraham Cowley) afterwards. His 2d lady had no child; was poysoned by the hands of Co. of Roc.[823] with chocolatte.

At the coronation of King Charles II he was made Knight of the Bath.

He dyed (vide A. Wood's _Antiq. Oxon._) at the house of his office (which he built, as also the brick-buildings next the street in Scotland-yard), and was buried, anno Domini 1668/9, March the 23, in the south crosse aisle of Westminster Abbey, neer Sir Jeffrey Chaucer's monument, but hitherto (1680) without any memoriall for him.

Memorandum:--the parsonage-house at Egham (vulgarly called _The Place_) was built by baron Denham; a house very convenient, not great, but pretty, and pleasantly scituated, and in which his son, Sir John, (though he had better seates), did take most delight in. He sold it to John Thynne, esq. In this parish is a place called Cammomill-hill, from the cammomill that growes there naturally; as also west of it is Prune-well-hill (formerly part of Sir John's possessions), where was a fine tuft of trees, a clear spring, and a pleasant prospect to the east, over the levell of Middlesex and Surrey. Sir John tooke great delight in this place, and was wont to say (before the troubles) that he would build there a retiring-place to entertaine his muses; but the warres forced him to sell that as well as the rest. He sold it to Mr. ... Anstey. In this parish W. and by N. (above _Runney Meade_) is _Cowper's Hill_, from whence is a noble prospect, which is incomparably well described by that sweet swan, Sir John Denham; printed first at Oxon shortly after Edghill fight, 1642/3.

Memorandum:--he delighted much in bowles, and did bowle very well.

He was of the tallest, but a little incurvetting at his shoulders, not very robust. His haire was but thin and flaxen, with a moist curle. His gate was slow, and was rather a stalking (he had long legges), which was wont to putt me in mind of Horace, _De Arte Poetica_:--

'Hic, dum sublimes versus ructatur, et errat Si veluti merulis intentus decidit auceps In puteum foveamve:'----

His eie was a kind of light goose-gray, not big; but it had a strange piercingness, not as to shining and glory, but (like a Momus) when he conversed with you he look't into your very thoughts.

He was generally temperate as to drinking; but one time when he was a student of Lincolne's-Inne, having been merry at the taverne with his camerades, late at night, a frolick came into his head, to gett a playsterer's brush and a pott of inke, and blott out all the signes between Temple-barre and Charing-crosse, which made a strange confusion the next day, and 'twas in Terme time. But it happened that they were discovered, and it cost him and them some moneys. This I had from R. Estcott[824], esq., that carried the inke-pott.

In the time of the civill warres, George Withers, the poet, begged Sir John Denham's estate at Egham of the Parliament, in whose cause he was a captaine of horse. It <happened> that G. W. was taken prisoner, and was in danger of his life, having written severely against the king, &c. Sir John Denham went to the king, and desired his majestie not to hang him, for that whilest G. W. lived he should not be the worst poet in England.

Scripsit _the Sophy_: _Cowper's Hill_: _Essay against Gameing_: Poems, 8vo, printed anno Domini ...; Cato Major sive De Senectute, translated into English verse, London, printed by H. Heringman, in the New Exchange, 1669.

Memorandum:--in the verses against Gondibert, most of them are Sir John's. He was satyricall when he had a mind to it.

_Notes._

[DS] Aubrey gives in colours the coat: 'gules, 3 lozenges ermine [Denham],' surrounded by laurels. He adds the note:--'this coate is in stone and thus coloured, on the roofe or vaulting of the cathedral church at Winchester: Sir John told me his family was originally westerne.' He adds the reference 'vide A. Wood's Hist. Oxon.'

[DT] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 193, writing Oct. 22, 1672, says:--'Sir John Denham wrott an essay against gameing, to shew his detestation of it to his father, printed by N. Brookes, at the Angel in Cornhill. I have it, about 3 or 4 sheetes, 8vo. His name is not to it, but I know 'twas his; and a kinsman of his, that was one of his father's clarkes, gave the copy to Brookes: and Sir John Denham owned it to me.'

=René Descartes= (1596-1650/1).

[825]Monsieur Renatus Des Cartes,

'nobilis Gallus, Perroni dominus, summus mathematicus et philosophus; natus Hagae Turonum pridie Calendas Apriles, 1596; denatus Holmiae Calendis Februarii, 1650'--this inscription I find under his picture graved by C. V. Dalen.

How he spent his time in his youth, and by what method he became so knowing, he tells the world in his treatise entituled Of Method. The Societie of Jesus glorie in that theyr order had the educating of him. He lived severall yeares at Egmont (neer the Hague), from whence he dated severall of his bookes. He was too wise a man to encomber himselfe with a wife; but as he was a man, he had the desires and appetites of a man; he therefore kept a good conditioned hansome woman that he liked, and by whom he had some children (I thinke 2 or 3). 'Tis pity but comeing from the braine[826] of such a father, they should be well cultivated. He was so eminently learned that all learned men made visits to him, and many of them would desire him to shew them his ... of instruments (in those dayes mathematicall learning lay much in the knowledge of instruments, and, as Sir H. S.[827] sayd, in doeing of tricks), he would drawe out a little drawer under his table, and shew them a paire of compasses with one of the legges broken; and then, for his ruler, he used a sheet of paper folded double. This from Alexander Cowper (brother of Samuel), limner to Christina, queen of Sweden, who was familiarly acquainted there with Des Cartes.

[828]Mr. Hobbes was wont to say that had Des Cartes kept himselfe wholy to geometrie that he had been the best geometer in the world. He did very much admire him, but sayd that he could not pardon him for writing in the defence of transubstantiation which he knew to bee absolutely against his judgment[829]--quod N. B.

=Robert Devereux=, earl of Essex (1567-1600/1).

[830]Ex registro capellae Turris London, scil. 1600[831], 'Robert, earle of Essex, beheaded, Febr. 6th.'

From my lady Elizabeth, viscountesse Purbec, repeated by her:--

1. There is none, oh none but you, Who from me estrange your sight, Whom mine eyes affect to view And chained eares heare with delight.

2. Others' beauties others move, In you I all graces find: Such are the effects of love To make them happy that are kind.

3. Woemen in fraile beauty trust, Only seeme you kind to me, Still be truly kind and just For that can't dissembled bee.

4. Deare, afford me then your sight, That surveighing all your lookes Endlesse volumnes I may write And fill the world with envyed bookes.

5. Which when after ages view All shall wonder and despayre, Women, to find a man so true, And men, a woeman halfe so faire--

made by Robert, earl of Essex, that was beheaded.

[832]The tradition is that the bell of Lincoln's-Inne was brought from Cales (Cadiz), tempore reginae Elizabethae, plundered in the expedition[833] under <Robert Devereux>, earl of Essex.

=Sir Everard Digby= (1578-1605/6).

[834]Sir Everard Digby (father of Sir Kenelme) scripsit libellum Latinè cui titulus:--

Everardi Dygbei de duplici methodo--

in 8vo, in dialogues.

I have heard Mr. John Digby say (his grandsonne) that he was the handsomest man (accounted) in England.

[835]Sir Everard Digby was a most gallant gentleman and one of the handsomest men of his time. He writt something in Latin _de methodo_, which I did light upon 23 yeares ago at a country man's howse in Herefordshire; and Mr. Francis Potter told me he writt _de arte natandi_.

'Twas his ill fate to suffer in the powder-plott. When his heart was pluct out by the executioner (who, _secundum formam_, cryed 'Here is the heart of a traytor!'), it is credibly reported, he replied, 'Thou liest!' This my lord Bacon speakes of, but not mentioning his name, in his _Historia vitae et mortis_.

=Sir Kenelm Digby= (1603-1665).

[836]Sir Kenelm Digby[DU], knight: he was borne at <Gotehurst, Bucks> on the eleventh of June[DV]: see Ben: Johnson, 2d volumne:--

'Witnesse thy actions done at Scanderoon Upon _thy_ birthday, the eleaventh of June.'

[Memorandum:--in the first impression in 8vo it is thus; but in the folio 'tis _my_, instead of _thy_.]

Mr. Elias Ashmole assures me, from two or three nativities by Dr. <Richard> Nepier, that Ben: Johnson was mistaken and did it for the ryme-sake.--In Dr. Napier's papers of nativities, with Mr. Ashmole, I find:--'Sir Kenelme Digby natus July 11, 5ʰ 40´ A.M. 1603, 14 Leo ascending,' and another scheme gives it at '4ʰ A.M., 26 Cancer ascending'; and there are two others of Cancer and Leo.

He was the eldest son of Sir Everard Digby, who was accounted the handsomest gentleman in England. Sir Everard sufferd as a traytor in the gunpowder-treason; but king James restored his estate to his son and heire. Mr. Francis Potter told me that Sir Everard wrote a booke _De Arte Natandi_. I have a Latin booke of his writing in 8vo:--Everardi[837] Dygbei _De duplici methodo libri duo_, in dialogues 'inter Aristotelicum et Ramistam,' in 8vo: the title page is torne out.--His second son was Sir John Digby, as valiant a gentleman and as good a swordman as was in England, who dyed (or was killed[LXV.]) in the king's cause at Bridgewater, about 1644.

[LXV.] I can easily learne, if you desire it[838].

It happened in 1647 that a grave was opened next to Sir John Digby's (who was buried in summer time, it seemes), and the flowers on his coffin were found fresh, as I heard Mr. Harcourt (that was executed) attest that very yeare. Sir John died a batchelour.

Sir Kenelme Digby was held to be the most accomplished cavalier of his time. He went to Glocester hall in Oxon, anno <1618> (vide A. Wood's _Antiq. Oxon._). The learned Mr. Thomas Allen (then of that house) was wont to say that he was the _Mirandula_ of his age. He did not weare a gowne there[839], as I have heard my cosen Whitney say.

There was a great friendship between him and Mr. Thomas Allen; whether he was his scholar I know not. Mr. Allen was one of the learnedest men of this nation in his time, and a great collector of good bookes, which collection Sir Kenelme bought (Mr. Allen enjoyeing the use of them for his life) to give to the Bodlean Library, after Mr. Allen's decease, where they[840] now are.

He was a great traveller, and understood 10 or 12 languages. He was not only master of a good and gracefull judicious stile, but he also wrote a delicate hand, both fast-hand and Roman. I have seen lettres of his writing to the father[841] of this earle of Pembroke, who much respected[842] him.

He was such a goodly handsome person, gigantique and great voice, and had so gracefull elocution and noble addresse, etc., that had he been drop't out of the clowdes[843] in any part of the world, he would have made himselfe respected. But the Jesuites spake spitefully, and sayd 'twas true, but then he must not stay there above six weekes. He was envoyé from Henrietta Maria (then Queen-mother) to Pope <Innocent X> where at first he was mightily admired; but after some time he grew high, and hectored with his holinesse, and gave him the lye. The pope sayd he was mad.

He was well versed in all kinds of learning. And he had also this vertue[844], that no man _knew better how to abound, and to be abased_, and either was indifferent to him. No man became grandeur better[845]; sometimes again he would live only with a lackey, and horse with a foote-cloath.

He was very generous, and liberall to deserving persons. When Abraham Cowley was but 13 yeares old, he dedicated to him a comedy[846], called _Love's Riddle_, and concludes in his epistle[847]--'The Birch that whip't him then would prove a Bay.' Sir K. was very kind to him.

When he was at Rome one time, (I thinke he was envoyé from Mary the Queen-mother to Pope <Innocent X>) he contrasted[848] with his holinesse.

Anno ... (quaere the countesse of Thanet) much against his mother's, etc., consent, he maried that celebrated beautie and courtezane, Mrs. Venetia Stanley, whom Richard earle of Dorset kept as his concubine, had children by her, and setled on her an annuity of 500 _li._ per annum; which after Sir K. D. maried was unpayd by the earle; and for which annuity Sir Kenelme sued the earle, after mariage, and recovered it. He would say that a handsome lusty man that was discreet might make a vertuose wife out of a brothell-house. This lady carried herselfe blamelessly, yet (they say) he was jealous of her[LXVI.]. She dyed suddenly, and hard-hearted woemen[849] would censure him severely.

[LXVI.] Richard earle of Dorset invited her and her husband once a yeare, when, with much desire and passion he beheld her, and only kissed her hand; Sir Kenelme being still by.

After her death, to avoyd envy and scandall, he retired in to Gresham Colledge at London, where he diverted himselfe with his chymistry, and the professors' good conversation. He wore there a long mourning cloake, a high crowned hatt, his beard unshorne, look't like a hermite, as signes of sorrowe for his beloved wife, to whose memory he erected a sumptuouse monument, now quite destroyed by the great conflagration. He stayed at the colledge[850] two or 3 yeares.

The faire howses in Holbourne, between King's street and Southampton street, (which brake-off the continuance of them) were, about 1633, built by Sir Kenelme; where he lived before the civill warres. Since the restauration of Charles II he lived in the last faire house westward in the north portico of Convent garden, where my lord Denzill Hollis lived since. He had a laboratory there. I thinke he dyed in this house--sed quaere.

He was, 164.., prisoner for the king (Charles I) at Winchester-house, where he practised chymistry[851], and wrote his booke of[852] Bodies and Soule, which he dedicated to his eldest son, Kenelme, who was slaine (as I take it) in the earle of Holland's riseing[853].

Anno 163 ... tempore Caroli Iᵐⁱ he received the sacrament in the chapell at Whitehall, and professed the Protestant religion, which gave great scandal to the Roman Catholiques; but afterwards he _looked back_.

He was a person of very extraordinary strength. I remember one at[854]Shirburne (relating to the earl of Bristoll) protested to us, that as he, being a midling man, being sett in <a> chaire, Sir Kenelme tooke up him, chaire and all, with one arme.

He was of an undaunted courage, yet not apt in the least to give offence. His conversation was both ingeniose and innocent.

Mr. Thomas White, who wrote _de Mundo_, 1641[855], and Mr. ... Hall of Leige, e societate Jesu, were two of his great friends.

As for that great action of his at Scanderoon, see the Turkish Historie. Sir <Edward> Stradling, of Glamorganshire, was then his vice-admirall, at whose house is an excellent picture of his, as he was at that time: by him is drawen an armillary sphaere broken, and undernethe is writt IMPAVIDUM FERIENT (Horace). See excellent verses of Ben: Johnson (to whome he was a great patrone) in his 2d volumne.

There is in print in French, and also in English (translated by Mr. James Howell), a speech that he made at a philosophicall assembly at Montpelier, 165.. _Of the sympathetique powder_--see it[856]. He made a speech at the beginning of the meeting of the Royall Society _Of the vegetation of plants_.

He was borne to three thousand pounds per annum. His ancient seat (I thinke) is Gote-herst in Buckinghamshire. He had a fair estate also in Rutlandshire. What by reason of the civil warres, and his generous mind, he contracted great debts, and I know not how (there being a great falling out between him and his _then_ only son, John[LXVII.]) he settled his estate upon ... Cornwalleys, a subtile sollicitor[857], and also a member of the House of Commons, who did putt Mr. John Digby to much charge in lawe: quaere what became of it?

[LXVII.] He married ... sister to this present Henry, duke of Norfolke, no child living by her. His 2d wife ... Fortescue, by whom he haz ... Quaere the issue?

Mr. J. D. had a good estate of his owne, and lived handsomely then at what time I went to him two or 3 times in order to your _Oxon. Antiqu._; and he then brought me a great book, as big as the biggest Church Bible that ever I sawe, and the richliest bound, bossed with silver, engraven with scutchions and crest (an ostrich); it was a curious velame[858]. It was the history of the family of the Digbyes, which Sir Kenelme either did, or ordered to be donne. There was inserted all that was to be found any where relating to them, out of records of the Tower, rolles, &c. All ancient church monuments were most exquisitely limmed by some rare artist. He told me that the compileing of it did cost his father a thousand pound. Sir Jo. Fortescue sayd he did beleeve 'twas more. When Mr. John Digby did me the favour to shew me this rare MS., 'This booke,' sayd he, 'is all that I have left me of all the estate that was my father's!' He was almost as tall and as big as his father: he had something[859] of the sweetnesse of his mother's face. He was bred by the Jesuites, and was a good scholar. He dyed at....

Vide in ... Lives when Sir Kenelme dyed.

Sir John Hoskyns enformes me that Sir Kenelme Digby did translate Petronius Arbiter into English.

_Notes._

[DU] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'azure, a fleur de lys argent [Digby]; impaling, argent on a bend azure 3 bucks' heads caboshed or [Stanley]'; and adds the reference 'vide his life in ...' some book, presumably, whose title he had forgot.

[DV] 'June' was written; but Aubrey noted in the margin 'Quaere Mr. Ashmole pro nativitate by Dr. <Richard> Nepier.' The answer to this query is found in MS. Aubr. 23, a slip at fol. 121ᵛ, 'Sir Kenelm Digby natus July 11, 5ʰ 40´ A.M. 1603; another scheme gives it at 4ʰ A.M.' Having got this information, Aubrey then struck out 'June' in the text, and substituted 'July'; and added the paragraph which follows.

=Venetia Digby= (1600-1633).

[860]Venetia Stanley[DW] was daughter of Sir ... Stanley.

She was a most beautifull desireable creature; and being _matura viro_ was left by her father to live with a tenant and servants at Enston-abbey[LXVIII.] (his land, or the earl of Derby's) in Oxfordshire; but as private as that place was, it seemes her beautie could not lye hid. The young eagles had espied her, and she was sanguine and tractable, and of much suavity (which to abuse was greate pittie).

[LXVIII.] At the west end of the church here[DX] were two towers as at Welles or Westminster Abbey, which were standing till about 1656. The romes of the abbey were richly wainscotted, both sides and roofe.

In those dayes Richard, earle of Dorset (eldest son[861] and heire to the Lord Treasurer, vide pedegree) lived in the greatest splendor of any nobleman of England. Among other pleasures that he enjoyed, Venus was not the least. [LXIX.]This pretty creature's fame quickly came to his Lordship's eares, who made no delay to catch at such an opportunity.

[LXIX.] Sam. Daniel:--Cheekes of Roses, locks of amber | To b'emprisond in a chamber | etc.

I have now forgott who first brought her to towne, but I have heard my uncle Danvers[862] say (who was her contemporary) that she was so commonly courted, and that by grandees, that 'twas written over her lodging one night _in literis uncialibus_,

PRAY COME NOT NEER, FOR DAME VENETIA STANLEY LODGETH HERE.

The earle of Dorset, aforesayd, was her greatest gallant, who was extremely enamoured of her, and had[863] one if not more children by her. He setled on her an annuity of 500 _li._ per annum.

Among other young sparkes of that time, Sir Kenelme Digby grew acquainted with her, and fell so much in love with her that he married her, much against the good will of his mother; but he would say that 'a wise man, and lusty, could make an honest woman out of a brothell-house.' Sir Edmund Wyld had her picture[LXX.] (and you may imagine was very familiar with her), which picture is now (vide) at Droitwytch, in Worcestershire, at an inne, where now the towne keepe their meetings. Also at Mr. Rose's, a jeweller in Henrietta-street in Convent garden, is an excellent piece of hers, drawne after she was newly dead.

[LXX.] Venetia Stanley:--her picture is at the earl of Rutland's at Belvoir.--From my cosen Montague.--MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25.

She had a most lovely and sweet-turn'd face, delicate darke-browne haire. She had a perfect healthy constitution; strong; good skin; well proportioned; much enclining to a _Bona Roba_ (near altogether). Her face, a short ovall; darke-browne eie-browe, about which much sweetness, as also in the opening of her eie-lidds. The colour of her cheekes was just that of the damaske rose, which is neither too hott nor too pale. She was of a just[864] stature, not very tall.

Sir Kenelme had severall pictures of her by Vandyke, &c.[LXXI.] He had her hands cast in playster, and her feet, and her face. See Ben: Johnson's 2d volumne, where he hath made her live in poetrey, in his drawing of her both body and mind:--

[LXXI.] Her picture by Vandyke is now at Abermarleys, in Carmarthenshire, at Mr. Cornwalleys' sonne's widowe's (the lady Cornwalleys's) howse, who was the daughter and heire of ... Jones, of Abermarles.

'Sitting, and ready to be drawne, What makes these tiffany, silkes, and lawne, Embroideries, feathers, fringes, lace, When every limbe takes like a face!'--&c.

[865]When these verses were made she had three children by Sir Kenelme, who are there mentioned, viz. Kenelme, George, and John.

She dyed in her bed suddenly. Some suspected that she was poysoned. When her head[866] was opened there was found but little braine, which her husband imputed to her drinking of viper-wine; but spitefull woemen would say 'twas a viper-husband who was jealous of her that she would steale a leape. I have heard some say,--e.g. my cosen Elizabeth Falkner,--that after her mariage she redeemed her honour by her strick't living. Once a yeare the earle of Dorset invited her and Sir Kenelme to dinner, where the earle would behold her with much passion, and only kisse her hand.

[Illustration]

Sir Kenelme erected to her memorie a sumptuouse and stately monument[867] at ... Fryars[868] (neer Newgate-street) in the east end of the south aisle, where her bodie lyes in a vault of brick-worke, over which are three steps[869] of black marble, on which was a stately altar of black marble with 4 inscriptions in copper gilt affixed to it: upon this altar her bust of copper gilt, all which (unlesse the vault, which was onely opened a little by the fall) is utterly destroyed by the great conflagration. Among the monuments in the booke mentioned in Sir Kenelm Digby's life, is to be seen a curious draught of this monument, with copies of the severall inscriptions.

About 1676 or 5, as I was walking through Newgate-street, I sawe Dame Venetia's bust standing at a stall at the Golden Crosse, a brasier's shop. I perfectly remembred it, but the fire had gott-off the guilding: but taking notice of it to one that was with me, I could never see it afterwards exposed to the street. They melted it downe. How these curiosities would be quite forgott, did not such idle fellowes as I am putt them downe!

Memorandum:--at Goathurst, in Bucks[870], is a rare originall picture of Sir Kenelme Digby and his lady Venetia, in one piece, by the hand of Sir Anthony van Dyke. In Ben. Johnson's 2d volumne is a poeme called 'Eupheme[DY], left to posteritie, of the noble lady, the ladie Venetia Digby, late wife of Sir Kenelme Digby, knight, a gentleman absolute in all numbers: consisting of these ten pieces, viz. Dedication of her Cradle; Song of her Descent; Picture of her Bodie; Picture of her Mind; Her being chose a Muse; Her faire Offices; Her happy Match; Her hopefull Issue; Her ἈΠΟΘΕΩΣΙΣ, or Relation to the Saints; Her Inscription, or Crowne.'

Her picture drawn by Sir Anthony Vandyke hangs in the queene's draweing-roome, at Windsor-castle, over the chimney.

Venetia Stanley was (first) a miss to Sir Edmund Wyld; who had her picture, which after his death, serjeant Wyld (his executor) had; and since the serjeant's death hangs now in an entertayning-roome at Droitwich in Worcestershire. The serjeant lived at Droitwich.

_Notes._

[DW] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'argent on a bend azure 3 bucks' heads caboshed or [Stanley, earl of Derby].' Another hand has enlarged this first sentence to 'daughter of Sir Edward Stanley of Eynstonn in com. Oxon, son of Sir Thomas Stanley, knight, younger son to Edward, earl of Derby.' A note by 'E. M.' (? Edmund Malone) says, 'This is Anthony Wood's handwriting.' It is certainly not; but it very probably is Sir William Dugdale's, which is sometimes mistaken for Wood's.

[DX] Einsham abbey is the place meant. See the facsimile in Clark's Wood's _Life and Times_, i. 228.

[DY] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 70ᵛ also, this is quoted, but there scored out, as 'Eupheme, being a poem left to posterity,' &c. There, for 'a Muse,' Aubrey reads 'his Muse.'

=Leonard Digges= (15..-1571?).

[871]Jacobus Digges[DZ], _m._ Philippa, filia Johannis Engeham de Berham, armig. | de Chart, uxor 2ᵈᵃ. | Leonard Diggs, _m._ Sara, filia <Thomae> Wilford, de de Wotton. | Hartridge in parochia de Cranbroke. | +-------------+---------------+---------------+-------------+ | | | | Maria, Thomas Digges, _m._ Anna, filia Anna, uxor Sara, uxor uxor ... filius et haeres | Warhami Willelmi ... Martyn. Barber. Leonardi. | St. Leger, Digges de | militis. Newington. +---------------+-------+---------+ | | | Jacobus[872] Leonardus Dudlius Digges, de _m._ Maria, minima Digges, de Digges, Chilham, miles: modo | filia et cohaeres Bech, Armiger. filius (1619) superstes, | Thomae Kemp de secundus. legatus ad | Olney, militis. Imperatorem Russiae. | +-----------------------+-------------+--------+-------+----------+ | | | | | Thomas Diggs, primus Johannes, Dudlius, filius Anna. Elizabetha. filius, armiger. filius 2dus. 3tius.

[873]Memorandum this visitation[874] was in anno 1619 by John Philpot.

They[875] were, for severall generations, of Barham in Kent. John, the sonne of Roger Digges of Mildenhall (which Roger is the first in this genealogie), vixit tempore Henrici III; and writt then Dig.--Memorandum here are 14 generations or descents to the last line: quod N. B.

* * * * *

Mr. Leonard Digges translated Claudian _de raptu Proserpinae_ into English, 4to, 1617 and 1628.

[876]Leonard Digges, esquire, of Wotton[EA] in Kent--he wrote a thin folio called _Pantometria_, printed 15.. At the end he discourses of regular solids, and I have heard the learned Dr. John Pell say it is donne admirably well. In the preface he speakes of cutting glasses in such a particular manner that he could discerne pieces of money a mile off; and this he saies he setts downe the rather because severall are yet living that have seen him doe it.

... Prognostication[EB] everlasting, 4to, <Lond.> 15<64>.

(A 4to) '_Tectonicon_, briefly shewing the exact measuring and speedy reckoning all manner of land, squares, timber, stone, steeples, pillars, globes, etc., for declaring the perfect making and large use of the carpenter's ruler, containing a quadrant geometricall, comprehending also the rare use of the square, and in the end a little treatise opening the composition and appliancie of an instrument called The Profitable Staffe, with other things pleasant and necessarie, most condusible for surveyors, landmeaters, joyners, carpenters, and masons: published by Leonard Digges, gentleman, 1556.'

'L. D. to the Reader--Although many have put forth sufficient and certain rules to measure all manner of superficies, etc., yet in that the art of numbring hath been required, yea, chiefly those rules hid and as it were locked up in strange tongues, they doe profit or have furthered very little, for the most part, yea, nothing at all, the landmeater, carpenter, mason, wanting the aforesayd. For their sakes I am here provoked not to hide but to open the talent I have recieved, yea, to publish in this our tongue very shortly if God give life a volumne containing the flowers of the sciences mathematicall largely applied to our outward practise profitably pleasant to all manner men. Here mine advice shall be to those artificers, that will profit in this or any of my bookes ☞ now published, or that hereafter shall be, first confusedly to read them through, then with more judgement, read at the third reading wittily to practise. So, few things shall be unknowne. Note, oft diligent reading joyned with ingenious practise causeth profitable labour. Thus most hartely farewell, loving reader, to whom I wish myselfe present to further thy desire and practise in these.'

The method that carpenters etc. used before this booke was published was very erronious, as he declares.

[877]☞ See in the beginning of <Thomas> Digges' _Stratio<ti>cos_, and also towards the later end, concerning him and his father. I remember the sonne sayes there that he was muster-master to the States of Holland: and see more concerning his father (who was an esquire of Chilham Castle in Kent) in the preface to his _Pantometria_.--It is an ancient family in Kent. Vide his _Ala seu scala Mathematices_ etc.

[878]A prognostication everlasting, once again published by Leonard Digges, gentleman, in the yeare of our Lord 1564;--

in 4to, dedicated to Sir Edward Fines, knight of the garter, lord Clinton and Saye, etc. His first impression was in 1553--'not onely your lordship's tasck move<d> of a prognostication seemed then to make that argument fittest, but also the manifest imperfections and manifold errors yearly committed did crave the ayd of some that were both willing and able to performe the truthe in like matters.'

_Notes._

[DZ] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 73ᵛ, Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'gules, on a cross argent five eagles displayed sable [Digges]'; on fol. 72ᵛ, 75ᵛ, he gives the same coat, with the motto

IN ARDUA VIRTUS;

on fol. 11, he gives the coat and motto, but adds that there is a crescent 'in medio scuti.'

[EA] 'Wotton' is substituted for '... Castle,' to which a marginal note was added, 'I think 'tis Chilham Castle.' In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 11, Aubrey wrote:--'... Digges, esq., of Chilham Castle, Kent--vide prefaces of his _Pantometrie_ and _Ala seu Scala Mathematices_, etc. His son makes mention of his life in his _Stratioticos_.'

[EB] A pencil note on fol. 73 gives the title, with the press mark in the 1674 _Catal. libr. impress. Bibl. Bodl._, viz.--'A perpetual prognostication for weather: C. 2. 13. Art.'

=Thomas Digges= (15..-1595).

[879]Mr. Thomas Digges:--he wrote a booke in 4to, entituled--

'_Stratioticos_, compendiously teaching the science of nombres as well in fractions as integers, and so much of the rules and aequations algebraicall and art of nombers cossicall as are requisite for the profession of a soldier; together with the modern militarie discipline, offices, lawes and orders in every well-governed camp and armie inviolably to be observed.'

First published by him, 1579, and dedicated 'unto the right honourable Robert, earle of Leicester.' The second edition, 1590.

He was muster-master generall of all her majestie's forces in the Low Countries, as appeares in page 237.

At the end of this booke (the last paragraph) speaking of 'engins and inventions not usual to be thought on and had in readinesse.'--

'Of these and many mo important mattars militare, I shall have occasion at large to dilate in my treatise of great artillerie and pyrotechnie, ☞ whose publication I have for divers due respects hitherto differred.'

He was the onely sonne of the learned Leonard Digges, esqr, of whom he speakes in the preface to his _Stratioticos_.

Pliny, Nat. Hist. lib. vii. cap. 51;--'Una familia Curionum in qua tres continua serie Oratores extiterunt.' In _this_ family have been four learned men in an uninterrupted descent--scilicet, two eminent mathematicians (Leonard and Thomas), Sir Dudley Digges, Master of the Rolles, and his sonne Dudley, fellow of Allsoules College, Oxon.

[880]Alae seu scalae mathematicae, quibus visibilium remotissima coelorum theatra conscendi et planetarum omnium itinera novis et inauditis methodis explorari, tum hujus portentosi syderis (in Cassiopea) in mundi boreali plaga insolito fulgore coruscantis distantia et magnitudo immensa situsque protinus tremendus indagari Deique stupendum ostentum terricolis expositum cognosci liquidissime possit.

Thoma Diggesio, Cantiensi, stemmatis generosi, autore, Lond. 1573.

Dedicated

'Ad Guliel. Cecilium, praeclariss. ordinis equitem auratum, baronem Burghleium, summumque Angliae Thesaurarium,' etc.

--luce clarius deprehendi longè supra lunam ipsam esse. Tum demum antiquorum et recentiorum omnium astronomorum modos cometarum et corporum coelestium distantias et magnitudines metiendi quos unquam legeram in animum sevocare coeperam, nec quenquam reperire poteram qui viam huic subtilissimae parallaxi examinandae convenientem demonstravit. Solus igitur, omnium astronomorum antiquorum et recentiorum ope orbatus, (in fluctuanti dubitationum plurimarum pelago jactatus) ad meipsum redii: brevissimoque spatio (foelicibus mathematicis spirantibus auris) portum optatum assequendi varios cursus expeditissimos hactenus a nemine exploratos atque ab omni erroris scopulo tutissimos inveni. Quos in exigui libelli formam redactos honori tuo exhibere decrevi, mei officii testimonium (nisi me fallit Philautia) haud vulgari genio conscriptum, neque brevi temporum curriculo periturum--

[881]Praefatio Authoris.

Sed plura de hujus stellae historia scribere non decrevi quia eximius vir Johannes Dee (quum in reliqua philosophia admirandus, tum harum scientiarum peritissimus, quem tanquam mihi parentem alterum mathematicum veneror, quippe qui in tenerrimâ meâ aetate plurima harum suavissimarum scientiarum semina menti meae inseruerit, alia a patre meo prius sata amicissime fidelissimeque nutriverit atque auxerit) hanc sibi tractandam assumpserit materiam quam.... Conatus igitur sum et assequutus variis problematibus demonstrative et practice exactissime parallaxin hujus phaenomeni et cujusvis etiam alterius concludere, licet Saturni Jovis et Martis parallaxeis adeo sint exiguae ut sensuum imbecillitate vix discerni possint. Si tamen ulla arte vere animadverti queant (hoc ausim dicere) aut his nostris sequentibus problematibus aut nullis penitus praeceptis geometricis inveniri posse--Si aequi bonique consuleris, majora (annuenti potentissimo) in posterum promitto, quibus (non probabilibus solummodo argumentis sed firmissimis apodixibus) demonstrabitur verissimam esse Copernici hactenus explosum de terrae motu paradoxum--1573.

To these _Alae seu Scalae_ Mr. Digges hath annexed

Parallaticae commentationis praxeos nucleus quidam, Jo. Day--

writ by John Dee, a small treatise, Lond. 1573; and hath writ thus

Lectori Benevolo.

--Me autem isti meo opusculo annectere et in lucem simul emittere variae impulere causae--Iᵐᵃ ne charissimus mihi illius author debita suae inventionis privaretur laude: cum nonnulli fortassis si postea ederetur suspicari possint a meis methodis derivatum fuisse. Fateor equidem adeo late mea sese extendere fundamina ut tum istiusmodi tum plurimi etiam alii nuclei inde excerpi possint, etc.

[882]_Pantometria_, containing longimetria, planimetria, stereometria--was writ by Leonard Digges, esq., but published by his sonne Thomas Digges esqr. and dedicated to Sir Nicholas Bacon, knight, Lord Keeper, lately reviewed and augmented by the author, printed at London, 1591.

In the preface, thus:--

'But to leave things doone of antiquity long ago, my father, by his continuall painfull practises, assisted with demonstrations mathematicall, was able, and sundry times hath, by proportionall glasses duely situate in convenient angles, not onely discovered things farre off, read letters, numbred peeces of money with the very coyne and superscription thereof cast by some of his freends on purpose upon downes in open fields but also seven miles off declared what hath been doone at that instant in private places; he hath also at sundry times by the sunne fired powder and discharged ordinance halfe a mile and more distant--which things I am the bolder to report for that there are yet living diverse of these his doeings _oculati testes_, and many other matters far more strange and rare which I omit as impertinent to this place. But for invention of these conclusions I have heard him say nothing ever helped him so much as the exquisite knowledge he had, by continuall practise, attained in geometricall mensurations.'

=Michael Drayton= (1563-1631).

[883]Michael Drayton, esq., natus in Warwickshire at Atherston upon Stower (quaere Thomas Mariett).

He was a butcher's sonne. Was a squire; viz. one of the esquires to Sir Walter Aston, Knight of the Bath, to whom he dedicated his Poeme. Sir J. Brawne of ... was a great patron of his.

He lived at the bay-windowe house next the east end of St. Dunstan's Church in Fleet-street. Sepult. in north + of Westminster Abbey. The countesse of Dorset[884] (Clifford) gave his monument: this Mr. Marshall (the stone-cutter), who made it, told me so.

Sir Edward Bissh, Clarencieux, told me he asked Mr. Selden once (jestingly) whether he wrote the commentary to his 'Polyolbion' and 'Epistles,' or Mr. Drayton made those verses to his notes.

Vide his inscription given by the countess of Dorset.

_In Westminster Abbey, neer Spencer._

MICHAEL DRAYTON, ESQUIER,

[Sidenote: A MERCURIE'S CAP IN THE SUN[885].]

[Sidenote: A PEGASUS[885].]

A memorable Poet of this age, exchanged his Laurel for a Crowne of Glorie, Anno 1631. Doe, pious marble, let thy readers knowe What they, and what their children owe To DRAYTON'S name, whose sacred dust We recommend unto thy trust. Protecte his mem'ry, and preserve his storie, Remaine a lasting monument of his glorye. And when thy ruines shall disclame To be the treas'rer of his name, His name, that cannot fade, shall bee An everlasting monument to thee.

Here is his bust in alablaster. The inscription is on black marble.

Mr. Marshall, the stone-cutter, of Fetter-lane, also told me, that these verses were made by Mr. Francis Quarles, who was his great friend, and whose head he wrought curiously in playster, and valued for his sake. 'Tis pitty it should be lost. Mr. Quarles was a very good man.

=Sir Erasmus Dryden= (1553-1632).

[886]Sir Erasmus Dryden, of <Canons Ashby> in Northamptonshire:--John Dreyden, esq., Poet Laureat, tells me that there was a great friendship between his great grandfather's father[887] and Erasmus Roterodamus, and Erasmus was god-father to one of his sonnes, and the Christian name of Erasmus hath been kept in the family ever since. The poet's second sonne is Erasmus.

And at ..., the seate of the family, is a chamber called 'Erasmus's chamber.'

I ghesse that this coate[888]--'azure, a lion rampant and in chief a sphere between 2 estoiles or'--was graunted in Henry 8th's time by the odnesse of the charge.

=John Dryden= (1631-1700).

[889]John Dreyden, esq., Poet Laureate. He will write it[890] for me himselfe.

[891]John Dryden, poeta, <born> 19 Aug. 1631, 5ʰ 33´ 16˝ P.M.

[892]'Natus insignis poeta 1631 Aug. 9°, 5ʰ 53´ P.M. Latit. 52° North.'

This is the nativity of Mr. John Dreyden, poet laureat, by Mr. John Gadbury, from whom I had it.

=Sir William Dugdale= (1605-1685/6).

[893]Sir William Dugdale, Garter, <born> 12 Sept. 1605, 3ʰ 15´ P.M.

[894]'Sir[EC] William Dugdale avow'd to mee <that> at the time of his birth (10 September, as I thinke, which was the birth day of Francis the first) a swarme of bees came and settled under the window where hee was borne, September 18. Johan. Gybbon.'

Memorandum that Sir William Dugdale did not tell his son or Mr. Gibbons de Edward the Confessor and he laught at it--quod N. B.

'Sir[ED] William Dugdale was borne September 12, 1605'--from Mr. Gibbons, Blewmantle. That afternoon a swarme of bees pitch't under his mother's chamber window, as it were an omen of his laborious collections.

_Notes._

[EC] This is a note in the handwriting of John Gibbon ('Blue Mantle' pursuivant, 1668); followed by a memorandum by Aubrey.

[ED] A note by Gibbon, correcting the previous one: followed by a memorandum by Aubrey.

=Sir John Dunstable.=

[895]Sir John Dunstable:--the cellar he calls his library.--Parliament men prepare themselves for the businesse of the nation with ale in the morning. Some justices doe sleepe on the bench every assizes.

[896]At Chippenham the Deputye Lieutenants mett to see the order of the militia, but quales D: Lieutenants tales officiarii. After a taedious setting (at dinner, and drinking after dinner) the drummes beate and the soldiers to march before the windowe to be seen by the Deputy Lieutenants. Justice Wagstaffe[EE] (colonell) had not marcht before 'em many yardes but downe a falls all along in the dirt. His myrmidons, multâ vi, heav'd him up, and then a cryd out 'Some drinke, ho!' and so there was an end of that businesse.

_Note._

[EE] The hero of the anecdote is no doubt Sir John Dunstable. In the _Dramatis personae_ for Aubrey's projected comedy, one of the characters is 'Justice Wagstaffe' (MS. Aubr. 21, p. 2), over which name Aubrey has written 'Sir J. Dunstable,' apparently as the name of the person he meant to copy.

=Saint Dunstan= (925-988).

[897]I find in Mr. Selden's verses before Hopton's 'Concordance of Yeares,' that he was a Somersetshire gentleman. He was a great chymist.

The storie of his pulling the devill by the nose with his tongues as he was in his laboratorie[898], was[899] famous in church-windowes. Vide ... Gazaei _Pia Hilaria_, <where it is> delicately described.

He was a Benedictine monke at Glastonbury, where he was afterwards abbot, and after that was made archbishop of Canterbury. He preached the coronation sermon at Kingston, and crowned king <Edwy>. In his sermon he prophesyed, which the Chronicle mentions.

Mr. Meredith Lloyd tells me that there is a booke in print of his de lapide philosophorum; quaere nomen.

Edwardus Generosus gives a good account of him in a manuscript which Mr. Ashmole haz.

Meredith Lloyd had, about the beginning of the civill warres, a MS. of this Saint's concerning chymistrey, and sayes that there are severall MSS. of his up and downe in England: quaere Mr. Ashmole.

Edwardus Generosus mentions that he could make a fire out of gold, with which he could sett any combustible matter on fire at a great distance. Memorandum:--in Westminster library is an old printed booke, in folio, of the lives of the old English Saints: vide.

Meredith Lloyd tells me that, three or 400 yeares ago, chymistry was in a greater perfection, much, then now; their proces was then more seraphique and universall: now they looke only after medicines.

Severall churches are dedicated to him: two at London: quaere if one at Glastonbury.

=Sir Edward Dyer= (15..-1607).

[900]Sir Edward Dyer, of Somersetshire (Sharpham Parke, etc.), was a great witt, poet, and acquaintance of Mary, countesse of Pembroke, and Sir Philip Sydney. He is mentioned in the preface of the 'Arcadia.' He had four thousand pounds per annum, and was left fourscore thousand pounds in money; he wasted it almost all. This I had from captaine Dyer, his great grandsonne, or brother's great grandson. I thought he had been the sonne of the Lord Chiefe Justice Dyer, as I have inserted in one of these papers, but that was a mistake. The judge was of the same family, the captain tells me.

=St. Edmund= (1170?-1240).

[901]Seth, lord bishop of Sarum, tells me that he finds Saint Edmund was borne at Abington. He was archbishop of Canterbury. He built the college at Sarum, by St. Edmund's Church: it is now Judge Wyndham's sonne's howse. He resigned his archbishoprick, and came and retired hither. In St. Edmund's church here[902], were windowes of great value. Gundamore[903] offered a good summe for them; I have forgott <what>. In one of them was the picture of God the Father, like an old man (as the fashion was), which much offended Mr. Shervill, the recorder, who in zeale (but without knowledge) clambered up on the pewes[904] to breake the windowe, and fell downe and brake his legg (about 1629); but that did not excuse him for being question'd in the Starre-chamber for it. Mr. Attorney Noy was his great friend, and shewed his friendship there. But what Mr. Shervill left undonne, the soldiers since have gonne through with, that there is not a piece of glass-painting left.

'Edmundus, Cant.[905] A.B., primus legit Elementa Euclidis, Oxoniæ, 1290[906]; Mr. Hugo perlegit librum Aristotelis Analytic. Oxon.; Rogerus Bacon vixit A.D. 1292.'--This out of an old booke in the library of University College, Oxon.

=Thomas Egerton=, lord Ellesmere (1540-1616/7).

[907]Sir Thomas Egerton[EF], Lord Chancellor, was the naturall sonne of Sir Richard Egerton of <Ridley> in Cheshire.--This information I had 30 yeares since from Sir John Egerton of Egerton in Cheshire, baronet, the chiefe of that family.

He was of Lincoln's-Inne, and I have heard Sir John Danvers say that he was so hard a student, that in three or 4 yeares time he was not out of the howse. He had good parts, and early came into good practise.

My old father, Colonel Sharington Talbot[LXXII.], told me that (Gilbert, I thinke), earle of Shrewesbury, desired him to buy that noble mannour of Ellesmer for him, and delivered him the money. Egerton liked the bargain and the seate so well, that truly he e'en kept it for himselfe, and afterwards made it his baronry, but the money he restored to the earl of Shrewsbury again[908].

[LXXII.] He had, I believe, 200 adopted sonnes.

Dyed ..., and was buried....

He was a great patron to Ben Johnson, as appeares by severall epistles to him.

His son and heire, since earle of Bridgewater, was an indefatigable ringer--vide the ballad.

[909]Chancellor Egerton haz a monument in the south wall of St. Martin's-in-the-fields chancell; but the upper part (greatest) is covered with a pue or gallerie.

Tuta[910] frequensque via est, per amici fallere nomen; Tuta frequensque licet sit via, crimen habet.

OVID <Ars Amat. i. 585>.

Translated by Theophilus Wodinoth:--

A safe and common way it is by friendship to decieve, But safe and common though it be, 'tis knavery, by your leave.

_Note._

[EF] Aubrey gives in colours the coat:--'argent, a lion rampant gules between 3 pheons sable [Egerton].'

=George Ent= (16..-1679).

[911]G. Ent[912] obiit Septemb. 2, 1679. Buried in the north of the rotundo at the Temple Church. Motto of his ring:--

Quam totus homuncio nil est[913].

_Note._

In August, 1674, this George Ent came to Oxford, to live there. He brought with him a letter of introduction from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, which is now in MS. Ballard 14. Wood and he did not get on, and Aubrey several times makes excuses for his friend; e.g. Aug. 26, 1674 (MS. Ballard 14, fol. 110), 'he is a very honest gentleman and his rhodomontades you will easily pardon.' The quarrels, however, became fiercer. Aubrey to Wood, March 9, 1674/5, (MS. Ballard 14, fol. 115):--'I am exceeding sorry for Mr. Ent's strangenesse to you; but 'tis confess't his friends must beare with him. I did not shew him your letter; but, expostulating with him, and he being cholerique, etc., I read only that paragraph where he "introduced into your company two boy-bachelors and upbrayded you with dotage"--.'

=Desiderius Erasmus= (1467-1536).

[914]'Nascitur Erasmus Roterodamus anno 1467, Octob. die 27, horâ 16, 30´: poli elevatio 54° 0´'--<from> David Origanus, p. 603.

'Mercurius, Venus, Luna et Leo conjuncti, praesertim in ascendente, faciunt oratores doctissimos. Talis ex parte fuit constitutio Erasmi Roterodami, cujus judicium gravissimum, ingenium acutissimum, et oratio copiosissima, ex scriptis editis eruditissimis, omnibus nota est. Habuit enim Mercurium cum Venere in horoscopo, in signo aereo Libram, et Jovem trigono radio Mercurium et Venerem intuentem'--<from ibid.> pag. 601.

Obiit anno Domini MDXXXVI, mense Julii--vide praefationem de obitu Erasmi ante Epistolas, impressas Antverpiae MDXLV.

[915]Erasmus Roterodamus was like to have been a bishop--vide Epistolas.

[916]Desiderius Erasmus, Roterodamus:--

His name was 'Gerard Gerard,' which he translated into 'Desiderius Erasmus.'

He was _begot_ (as they say) _behind dores_--vide an Italian booke in 8vo. _de famosi Bastardi_: vide Anton. Possevini _Apparatus_. His father (as he says in his life, writt by himselfe) was the tenth and youngest son of his grandfather: who was therfore designed to be dedicated to God.--'Pater Gerardus cum Margareta (medici cujusdam Petri filia), spe conjugii (et sunt qui intercessisse verba dicunt), vixit.'

His father tooke great care to send him to an excellent schoole, which was at Dusseldorf, in Cleveland. He was a tender chitt, and his mother would not entruste him at board[917], but tooke a house there, and made him cordialls, etc.--from John Pell, D.D.

He loved not fish, though borne in a fish towne--from Sir George Ent, M.D.

<From> Dr. John Pell:--he was of the order of ..., whose habit was the same that the pest-house master at ... (I thinke, Pisa: quaere Dr. John Pell) in Italie wore; and walking in that towne, people beckoned him to goe out of the way, taking him to be the master of the pest-house; and he not understanding the meaning, and keeping on his way, was there by one well basted. He made his complaint when he came to Rome, and had a dispensation for his habit.

He studied sometime in Queens Colledge in Cambridge: his chamber was over the water. Quaere Mr. Paschal more particularly; and if a fellowe: he[918] had his study when a young scholar here.

'The staires which rise up to his studie at Queens Colledge in Cambridge doe bring first into two of the fairest chambers in the ancient building; in one of them, which lookes into the hall and chiefe court, the Vice-President kept in my time; in that adjoyning, it was my fortune to be, when fellow. The chambers over are good lodgeing roomes; and to one of them is a square turret adjoyning, in the upper part of which is that study of Erasmus; and over it leades. To that belongs the best prospect about the colledge, viz. upon the river, into the corne-fields, and countrey adjoyning, etc.; ☞ so that it might very well consist with the civility of the House to that great man (who was no fellow, and I think stayed not long there) to let him have that study. His keeping roome might be either the Vice-President's, or, to be neer to him, the next; the room for his servitor that above, over it, and through it he might goe to that studie, which for the height, and neatnesse, and prospect, might easily take his phancy.' This from Mr. Andrew Paschal, Rector of Chedzoy in Somerset, June 15, 1680.

He mentions his being there in one of his Epistles, and blames the beere there. One, long since, wrote, in the margent of the booke in <the> College library in which that is sayd, '_Sicut erat in principio_, etc.'; and all Mr. Paschall's time they found fault with the brewer.

He had the parsonage (quaere value) of Aldington in Kent, which is about 3 degrees perhaps a healthier place then Dr. Pell's parsonage in Essex. I wonder they could not find for him[919] better preferment; but I see that the Sun and Aries being in the second house[920], he was not borne to be a rich man.

He built a schoole at Roterdam, and endowed it, and ordered the institution[921]. Sir George Ent was educated there. A statue in brasse is erected to his memory on the bridge in Roterdam.

'The last five bookes of Livy nowe extant, found by Symon Grinaeus in the library of a monastery over against the citie of Wormbs, are dedicated by Erasmus Roterodamus unto Charles the son of William lord Montjoy in the reigne of Henry the eight of famous memory, king of England, etc.'--Philemon Holland's translation.

Sir Charles Blount, of Maple-Durham, in com. Oxon. (neer Reding), was his scholar (in his Epistles there are some to him), and desired Erasmus to doe him the favour[922] to sitt for his picture, and he did so, and it is an excellent piece: which picture my cosen John Danvers, of Baynton (Wilts), haz: his wive's grandmother was Sir Charles Blount's daughter or grand-daughter. 'Twas pitty such a rarity should have been aliend from the family, but the issue male is lately extinct. I will sometime or other endeavour to gett it for Oxford Library.

They were wont to say that Erasmus was interpendent between Heaven and Hell, till, about the year 1655 (quaere Dr. Pell), the Conclave at Rome damned him for a heretique, after he had been dead ... yeares.

Vita Erasmi, Erasmo autore, is before his Colloquia, printed at Amstelodam. MDCXLIV. But there is a good account of his life, and also of his death, scil. at Basil, and where buried, before his Colloquies printed at London.

His deepest divinity is where a man would least expect it: viz. in his Colloquies in a Dialogue between a Butcher and a Fishmonger, Ἰχθυοφαγία.

_Scripsit._

Colloquia: dedicated 'optimae spei puero Johanni Erasmio Frobenio.'

Liber utilissimus de conscribendis epistolis: dedicated 'ad Nicolaum Beraldum.'

Liber Adagiorum.

Verborum Copia.

Epistolae.

Exhortatio ad pacem ecclesiasticam.

Paraphrasis in quatuor Evangelistas.

Matth.--dedicated Carolo, Imperatori.

Joan.--dedicated Ferdinando, Catholico.

Lucas--to Henr. 8, Rex Angl.

Marcus--to Francisc. I, Gall. Rex.

Novum Testamentum transtulit: memorandum--Henry Standish, bishop of St. Asaph, wrote a booke against his Translation on the New Testament; vide Sir Richard Baker's _Chronicle_ (Henry VIII).

If my memorie failes me not, I have read in the first edition of Sir Richard Baker's _Chronicle_ (quaere) that the Syntaxis in our English Grammar was writt by Erasmus.

Memorandum:--Julius Scaliger contested with Erasmus, but gott nothing by it, for, as Fuller sayth, he was like a badger, that never bitt but he made his teeth meet. He was the Πρόδρομος of our knowledge, and the man that made the rough and untrodden wayes smooth and passable[923].

=Anthony Ettrick= (1622-1703).

[924]Anthony Ettrick, esq., borne at Berford in the parish of Wimburne-Minster com. Dorset, November the 15th (viz. the same day that Queen Katherine), A.D. 1622--quaere horam--on a Sunday. His mother would say he was a Sundaye's bird.

His eldest son, Mr. William Ettrick, was borne also on the 15 of November, A.D. 1651.

Maried Aug. 1651.

Reader at the Middle Temple 167-.

=John Evelyn= (1620-1706).

[925]John Evelyn, esq., Regiae Societatis Socius, drew his first breath at Wotton in the county of Surrey[EG], A.D. 1620, 31 October, 1ᵐᵃ hora mane.

_Note._

[EG] In MS. Wood F. 49, fol. 39, is the cover of Aubrey's _Surrey Collections_:--'An essay towards the description of the county of Surrey, by Mr. John Aubrey, Fellow of the Royall Societie.' On the back of this, fol. 39ᵛ, Aubrey has the note:--'Note that the annotations marked J. E. are of John Evelyn, esq., R.S.S.' These Surrey collections are now MS. Aubr. 4.

=Thomas Fairfax=, 3rd baron (1611-1671).

[926]Thomas, lord Fairfax of Cameron, Lord Generall of the Parliament armie:--Memorandum, when Oxford was surrendred[927] (24º Junii 1646), the first thing generall Fairfax did was to sett a good guard of soldiers to preserve the Bodleian Library. 'Tis said there was more hurt donne by the cavaliers (during their garrison) by way of embezilling and cutting-off chaines of bookes, then there was since. He was a lover of learning, and had he not taken this speciall care, that noble library had been utterly destroyed--quod N. B.; for there were ignorant senators enough who would have been contented to have had it so. This I doe assure you from an ocular witnesse, E. W. esq.[928]

He haz a copie of verses before ... in folio.

=George Feriby= (1573-16..).

[929]In tempore Jacobi one Mr. George Ferraby was parson of Bishops Cannings in Wilts: an excellent musitian, and no ill poet. When queen Anne came to Bathe, her way lay to traverse the famous Wensdyke, which runnes through his parish. He made severall of his neighbours good musitians, to play with him in consort, and to sing. Against her majestie's comeing, he made a pleasant pastorall, and gave her an entertaynment with his fellow songsters in shepherds' weeds and bagpipes, he himself like an old bard. After that wind musique was over, they sang their pastorall eglogues (which I have, to insert in to liber B.).

He was one of the king's chaplaines. 'Twas he caused the 8 bells to be cast there, being a very good ringer.

He hath only one sermon in print that I know of, at the funerall of Mr. <John> Drew of the Devises, called _Life's Farwell_.

He was demy, if not fellow, of Magdalen College, Oxon.

[930]Thomas[931] Ferraby, formerly a demy or fellow of Magdalen College, Oxon, minister of Bishops Cannings, Wilts, was an ingeniose man and a good musitian and composer.

He treated queen Anne at Wednsdytch in his parish with a pastorall of his owne writing and composing and sung by his neighbours clad in shepherds' weeds, whom he brought-up to musique.

He gave another entertayment in Cote-field to king James, with carters singing, with whipps in their hands; and afterwards, a footeball play.

This parish would have challenged all England for musique, ringing, and footeball play.

He was one of his Majestie's chaplaines. One sermon is among my grandfather Lyte's old bookes in the country, at the funerall of <John> Drew, esquire, called _Life's farewell_, printed....

=Nicholas Fiske= (15..-166..).

[932]Dr. ... Fisk[933], a physitian, practised physick and astrologie, and had good practise in both, in Convent Garden, London. Mr. Gadbury acknowledges in print to have had his greatest helpes in astrologicall knowledge from him, and sayes that he was an able artist.

He wrote[934] and printed a treatise of the conjunction of Saturne and Jupiter.

Obiit about 20 yeares since and buryed in Convent Garden.

=Thomas Flatman= (16..-1688).

[935]Mr. Thomas Flatman, quondam Novi Collegii socius, then a barrister of the Inner Temple, an excellent painter and poet. The next terme his poems will be in print.

[936]Mr. Thomas Flatman[EH] died at his house in Fleet street on Thursday December <6th>, buried the 9th of that moneth, at St. Bride's, neer the railes of the communion table, in the grave with his sonne, on whom he layd a fair marble gravestone with an inscription and verses. His father is living yet, at least 80, a clarke of the Chancery.

[937]Thomas Flatman, filius, natus 1673, Oct. 4, hora 18 P.M. This native dyed of the small pox about Christmas (December) 1682.

_Note._

[EH] Anthony Wood detects an oversight:--'Why do you not set downe the yeare?' Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 386ᵛ, says, 'Thomas Flatman dyed in 1688, before Christmas.'

Thomas Flattman, of Red Cross street, Aldersgate, London, at Winchester school from Michaelmas 1648, was admitted probationer of New College (to an Arts fellowship) 11 Sept. 1654, and fellow in 1656; but resigned in 1657, betaking himself to the study of Law.

=Sir William Fleetwood= (1535-1594).

[938]Sir Miles[939] Fleetwood, Recorder of London, was of the Middle Temple; was Recorder of London, when King James came into England; made his harangue to the City of London (ἀντανάκλασις), 'When I consider your wealth I doe admire your wisdome, and when I consider your wisdome I doe admire your wealth.' It was a two-handed rhetorication, but the citizens tooke <it> in the best sense.

He was a very severe[940] hanger of highwaymen, so that the fraternity were resolved to make an example of him[941]: which they executed in this manner: They lay in wayte for him not far from Tyburne, as he was to come from his house at ... in Bucks; had a halter in readinesse; brought him under the gallowes, fastned the rope about his neck and on the tree, his hands tied behind him (and servants bound), and then left him to the mercy of his horse, which he called _Ball_. So he cryed 'Ho, Ball! Ho, Ball!' and it pleased God that his horse stood still, till somebody came along, which was halfe a quarter of an hour or +. He ordered that this horse should be kept as long as he would live, and it was so--he lived till 1646:--from Mr. Thomas Bigge, of Wicham[942].

One day goeing on foote to Yield-hall, with his clarke behind him, he was surprised in Cheapside with a sudden and violent looseness neer the Standard. He[943] ... bade his man hide his face[943]....

His seate was at Missenden in the county of Bucks, where his descendents still remaine.

He is buried at ... in com. Bucks.

=John Fletcher= (1579-1625).

[944]John Fletcher, invited to goe with a knight into Norfolke or Suffolke in the plague-time 1625, stayd but to make himselfe a suite of cloathes; fell sick of the plague, and dyed.

[945]Mr. John Fletcher, poet: in the great plague, 1625, a knight of Norfolk (or Suffolke) invited him into the countrey. He stayed but to make himselfe a suite of cloathes, and while it was makeing, fell sick of the plague and dyed[946]. This I had (1668) from his tayler, who is now a very old man, and clarke of St. Mary Overy's.

=John Florio= (1545?-1625).

[947]John Florio was borne in London in the beginning of king Edward VI, his father and mother flying from the Valtolin ('tis about Piedmont or Savoy) to London for religion: Waldenses.----The family is originally of Siena, where the name is to this day.

King Edward dying, upon the persecution of queen Mary, they fled back again into their owne countrey, where he was educated.

Afterwards he came into England, and was by king James made 'informator' to prince Henry for the Italian and French tongues, and clarke to the closet to queen Anne.

Scripsit:--

First and second fruits, being two books of the instruction to learne the Italian tongue:

Dictionary;

and translated Montagne's Essayes.

He dyed of the great plague at Fulham anno 1625.

=Sir Edward Ford= (1605-1670).

[948]Edward Ford[949], esquire, printed 5 or 6 sheetes in 4to--Mr. Edmund Wyld haz it--

'A designe for bringing a river from Rickmansworth in Hartfordshire to St. Gyles in the fields, the benefits of it declared and the objections against it answered, by Edward Ford of Harting in Sussex, esq., London, printed for John Clarke, 1641.' Memorandum that now (1681/2) London is growne so populous and big that the new river of Middleton can serve the pipes to private houses but twice a weeke, quod N. B.

I beleeve this was afterwards Sir Edward Ford, quondam a gentleman commoner of Trinity College, Oxon: de quo vide in prima parte A. W.

Vide in my trunke of papers a printed sheet of his of....

['Twas[950] he built the high water-house over against Somerset howse, pulled downe since the restauration because a nusance.]

[951]'Experimental proposalls how the king may have money to pay and maintaine his fleetes with ease to the people, London may be re-built and all proprietors satisfied, money be lent at 6 _li._ per cent on pawnes, and the fishing trade sett-up; and all without strayning or thwarting any of our lawes or customes,' by Sir Edward Forde, London, printed by W. Godbid, 1666--a 4to pamphlet.

[952]Sir Edward Ford's body was brought over into England, and buried at Harting Church in Sussex with his ancestors--obiit Sept. 3.

His brother tells me that this August he is 65 years old and that Sir Edward was borne in Aprill and one yeare and a half older then he.

Sir Edward Ford first proposed his invention, the way of farthings for this nation, and was opposed. He could not gett a patent here: prince Rupert would have it, if he could. So then he went into Ireland and dyed fortnight before he had effected the getting of his patent.

[953]Sir Edward Ford writt no books, but two or three pamphletts of a sheet or so, which I have some where, and have informed you of. One was an ingeniose proposall of a publique banke, as I remember, for the easy raysing of money and to avoyd the griping usurers and to promote trade.

=Samuel Foster= (15..-1652).

[954]From Mr. Bayes, the watchmaker, his nephew:--Mr. Samuel Foster was borne at Coventry (as I take it); he was sometime usher of the schoole there. Was professor of ... at Gresham Colledge, London, ... yeares; where, in his lodgeing, on the wall in his chamber, is, of his owne hand draweing, the best diall I doe verily beleeve in the whole world. Inter etc. it shewes you what a clock 'tis at Jerusalem, Gran Cairo, etc. It is drawen very artificially. He dyed ... July 1652, buryed at St. Peter's the Poor, in Broad-street, London. A neighbour of Mr. Paschall's, neer Bridgewater, in Somerset, hath all his MSS.: which I have seen, I thinke 1/2 foot thick in 4to.

=John Foxe= (1517-1587).

[955]Adjoyning[956] is this inscription[957] of John Fox.

Christo S. S.

Johanni Foxo, ecclesiae Anglicanae martyrologo fidelissimo, antiquitatis historicae indagatori sagacissimo, Evangelicae veritatis propugnatori acerrimo, thaumaturgo admirabili qui martyres Marianos tanquam Phoenices ex cineribus redivivos praestitit, patri suo omni pietatis officio in primis colendo, Samuel Foxus, illius primogenitus, hoc monumentum posuit, non sine lachrymis.

Obiit die xviii mensis April. Anno Salutis 1587, jam Septuagenarius. Vita vitae mortalis est spes vitae immortalis.

=Nicholas Fuller= (1557-1623/4).

[958]The 13th of February, 1623, Mr. Nicholas Fuller[959], rector of Allington, was buried--ex registro.

=Thomas Fuller= (1608-1661).

[960]Thomas Fuller, D.D., borne at Orwincle[LXXIII.] in Northamptonshire. His father was minister there, and maried ..., one of the sisters of John Davenant, bishop of Sarum.--From Dr. Edward Davenant.

[LXXIII.] J. Dreyden, poete, was borne here.

He was a boy of a pregnant witt, and when the bishop and his father were discoursing, he would be by and hearken, and now and then putt in, and sometimes beyond expectation, or his yeares.

He was of a middle stature; strong sett[961]; curled haire; a very working head, in so much that, walking and meditating before dinner, he would eate-up a penny loafe, not knowing that he did it. His naturall memorie was very great, to which he had added the _art of memorie_: he would repeate to you forwards and backwards all the signes from Ludgate to Charing-crosse.

He was fellow of Sydney College in Cambridge, where he wrote his _Divine Poemes_. He was first minister of Broad Windsor in Dorset, and prebendary of the church of Sarum. He was sequestred, being a royalist, and was afterwards minister of Waltham Abbey, and preacher of the Savoy, where he died, and is buryed.

He was a pleasant facetious person, and a _bonus socius_.

Scripsit 'Holy Warre'; 'Holy State'; 'Pisgah Sight'; 'England's Worthies'; severall Sermons, among others, a funerall sermon on Henry Danvers, esq., the eldest son of Sir John Danvers, (and only <son> by his second wife Dantesey), brother to Henry earl of Danby, preached at Lavington in Wilts 1654: obiit 19º Novembr.

He was minister of Waltham Crosse in Essex, and also of the Savoy in the Strand, where he dyed (and lies buryed) not long after the restauracion of his majestie.

=Simon Furbisher= (1585-16..).

[962]Symon Furbisher, the famous jugler, natus 30 May, 1585, 9ʰ 30´ A.M.

=John Gadbury= (1627-1704).

[963]Mr. Gadbury the astrologer's father, a taylor, takes the measure of a young lady for a gowne and clappes up a match.

_Note._

Anthony Wood in the _Ath. Oxon._ gives a more correct version of this story. William Gadbury, a farmer, of Wheatley, co. Oxon, made a stolen marriage with a daughter of Sir John Curson of Waterperry. Their son, John Gadbury, was apprentice to an Oxford tailor, before he set up as an astrologer.

The correspondence between Aubrey and Wood in MS. Wood F. 51, shows that the publication of this story in Wood's _Athenae_ was, very naturally, resented by Gadbury. Aubrey to Wood, Aug. 20, 1692, Gadbury is 'extremely incens't against you: ... he sayes that you have printed lyes concerning him.' Aubrey to Wood, Oct. 21, 1693, 'I shewed your letter to Mr. Gadbury, wherin you tell him that what he desires should be amended as to himselfe shall be donne in the Appendix,' i.e. the third volume of the _Athenae_, on which Wood was then at work, 'to be printed: but he huft and pish't, saying that your copies are flown abroad and the scandalls are irrevocable and that he will have a fling at you in print to vindicate himselfe.' Wood was blind to the indiscretion he had committed: Wood to Aubrey, Nov. 1692, MS. Ballard 14, fol. 153:--'I wonder at nothing more then that Mr. Gadbury should take it amiss of those things that I say of him: for whereas the generality of scholars did formerly take him to have been bred an academian, because he was borne at Oxon, and so, consequently, not to be much admird, now their eyes being opend and knowing that his education hath been mechanical they esteem him a prodigie of parts and therfore are much desirous that his picture may hang in the public gallery at the schooles.'

=Thomas Gale= (1636-1702).

<MS. Aubr. 6, foll. 3, 4. This catalogue is not in Aubrey's hand: perhaps it is Gale's autograph, sent to Aubrey in answer to a request for a list of his books.>

_Libri editi curâ et operâ Tho. Gale._

Psalterium juxta exemplar Alexandrinum bibliothecae regiae: Graecè, 8vo.

Scriptores mythologici; Palaephatus, Cornutus, etc.: Graecè, 8vo.

Historiae poeticae scriptores; Apollodorus, Eratosthenes, etc.; Graecè, 8vo.

Rhetores antiqui; Demetrius, Phalereus, Tiberius, etc.: Graecè, 8vo.

Iamblichus Chalcidensis de mysteriis Aegyptiorum, etc.: Graecè, folio.

Johannes Eriugenan, cum notis: Lat., fol.

S. Maximi expositiones in S. Gregorium Nazianzenum: Graecè, fol.

Historiae Britannicae, Anglo-Saxonicae, Anglo-Danicae, etc., scriptores XX nunquam prius editi, 2ᵇᵘˢ voluminibus, ffol.

_Libri Graeci et Latini praelo parati._

Pentateuchus juxta exemplar Alexandrinum bibliothecae regiae, cum notis, etc.: Graecè, fol.

Liber prophetae Isaiae juxta exemplar Alexandrinum: Graecè, cum commentario, folio.

Basilii, Chrysostomi, Andreae Cretensis, aliorumque Graecorum patrum Homiliae, nondum editae magno numero, Graecè, fol.

Iamblichus de vita Pythagorae et ejusdem ad philosophiam protreptici, ex codicibus MSS. emendatus et nova versione donatus: 8vo.

Iamblichus de mathematica secundum Pythagoricos nunc primum ex MSS. Codd. editus, cum versione Latina: 8vo.

Leonis imperatoris et Basilii cubicularii de re navali Graecorum opuscula, nunc primum ex codd. Graecis eruta cum versione Latina: accedit his Appendix eorum omnium locorum quae apud Graecos et Latinos scriptores extant de re navali: 8vo.

Tertium et ultimum volumen Historicorum gentis Angliae ab Henrico IIIº usque ad Henricum VIIᵘm nunquam hactenus editorum: fol.

Antonini Itinerarium per Britanniam, cum commentario in quo multa ad chorographiam Britanniae explicandam adducuntur: 8vo.

Venerabilis Bedae Historia ecclesiastica, ad antiquissimos codices emaculata et multis locis restituta: fol.

Matthaei Paris Historia, ad codices antiquos emendata et multis repurgata erroribus, una cum copiosis notis et monumentis coaevis: fol.

Codex legum antiquarum gentis Anglicanae ab Ethelberto rege Cantii ad Edvardum primum: in hac collectione continentur quam plurimae leges Saxonicae et aliae nondum editae praeter eas quas Lambertus edidit: fol.

The History of Edward the 2d and of the troubles which happen'd in his reigne, extracted out of the rolls of the Tower, together with those rolls and other authentick evidences at large: ffol.

The Baronage of England in III parts: 1ˢᵗ, of its original; 2ᵈ, of its continuance and alteration; 3ᵈ, of its rights and privilidges.

=William Gascoigne= (1612?-1644).

[964]There was a most gallant gentleman and excellent mathematician that dyed[965] in the late warres, one Mr. Gascoigne, of good estate in Yorkshire; to whom Sir Jonas Moore acknowledged to have received most of his knowledge. He was bred up by the Jesuites. I thought to have taken memoires of him; but deferring it, death took away Sir Jonas. But I will sett downe what I remember.

[966]... Gascoigne, esq., of Middleton, neer Leeds, Yorkshire, was killed at the battaile of Marston-moore, about the age of 24 or 25 at most.

Mr. <Richard> Towneley, of Towneley, in Lancashire, esq., haz his papers.--From Mr. Edmund Flamsted, who sayes he found out the way of improveing telescopes before Des Cartes.

Mr. Edmund Flamsted tells me, Sept. 1682, that 'twas at Yorke fight he was slaine.

=Henry Gellibrand= (1597-1637).

[967]Henry Gellibrand was borne in London. He was of Trinity Colledge in Oxon (vide Anthony Wood's _Antiq. Oxon._). Dr. Potter and Dr. <William> Hobbes knew him. Dr. Hannibal Potter was his tutor, and preached his funeral sermon in London. They told me that he was good for little a great while, till at last it happened accidentally, that he heard a Geometrie[968] lecture. He was so taken with it, that immediately he fell to studying it, and quickly made great progresse in it. The fine diall over the Colledge Library is of his owne doeing. Construxit Logarithmos Henrici Briggs, jussu Autoris τοῦ μακαρίτου, 1631. He was Astronomy Professor in Collegio Greshamensi, Lond. Scripsit Trigonometriam. He being one time in the country, shewed the tricks of drawing[969] what card you touched, which was by combination with his confederate, who had a string that was tyed to his leg, and the leg of the other, by which his confederate gave him notice by the touch; but by this trick, he was reported to be a conjuror.

Vide _Canterbury's Doome_[970] about Protestant martyrs, <inserted in> the Almanac; <and> that he kept conventicles in Gresham College.

=... Gerard.=

[971]One Mr. Gerard, of Castle Carey in Somerset, collected the antiquities of that county, Dorset, and that of Devon: which I cannot for my life retrive. His executor had them, whose estate was seized for debt; and <they> utterly lost.

=Adrian Gilbert= (---- - ----).

[972]... Ralegh _m._ Katherine Champernon _m._ ... Gilbert | | Sir Walter Ralegh Adrian Gilbert, chymist; sine prole.

This Adrian Gilbert was an excellent chymist, and a great favourite of Mary, countesse of Pembroke, with whom he lived and was her operator. He was a man of great parts, but the greatest buffoon in England; cared not what he said to man or woman of what quality soever. Some curious ladies of our country have rare receipts of his. 'Twas he that made the curious wall about Rollington parke at Wilton.

[973]Mr. Elias Ashmole sayes that amongst his papers of John Dee or Dr. <Richard> Napier he finds that one of them held great correspondence with Adrian Gilbert. Quaere of him de hoc.

=Alexander Gill= (1567-1635).

=Alexander Gill= (1597-1642).

[974]Dr. Gill, the father, was a very ingeniose person, as may appeare by his writings. Notwithstanding he had moodes and humours, as

## particularly his whipping-fitts:--

As Paedants out of the schoole-boies breeches doe clawe and curry their owne itches

_Hudibras_, part ... canto ...

This Dr. Gill whipped ... Duncomb, who was not long after a colonel of dragoons at Edgehill-fight, taken pissing against the wall. He had his sword by his side, but the boyes surprized him: somebody had throwen a stone in at the windowe; and they seised on the first man they lighted on.[975]I thinke his name was _Sir John D_. (Sir John Denham told me the storie), and he would have cutt the doctor, but he never went abroad but to church, and then his army went with him. He complained to the councill, but it became ridicule, and so his revenge sank.

Dr. Triplet came to give his master a visit, and he whip't him. The Dr. gott ... Pitcher, of Oxford, who had a strong[976] and a sweet base, to sing this song under the schoole windowes, and gott a good guard to secure him with swords, etc., and he was preserved from the _examen_ of the little myrmidons which issued-out to attach him; but he was so frighted that he bes ... him selfe most fearfully.

In Paul's church-yard in London There dwells a noble firker; Take heed you that pass Lest you tast of his lash * * * * * Still doth he cry Take him up, take him up, Sir, Untrusse with expedition. Oh the birchen tool That he winds i' th' school Frights worse than an inquisition.

If that you chance to passe there, As doth the man of blacking; He insults like a puttock O're the prey of the buttock With a whip't a ... sends him packing. Still doth he cry, etc.

For when this well truss't trounser Into the school doth enter With his napkin at his nose And his orange stuft with cloves On any ... he'l venter. Still doth, etc.

A French-man voyd of English Enquiring for Paul's steeple His _Pardonnez-moy_ He counted a toy, For he whip't him before all people. Still doth he cry, etc.

A Welsh-man once was whip't there Untill he did bes... him His _Cuds-pluttera-nail_ Could not prevail For he whip't the Cambro-Britan. Still doth he cry, etc.

[977]A captain of the train'd-band; Yclept[978] Cornelius Wallis; He whip't him so sore Both behind and before He notch't his .... like tallyes. Still doth he cry, etc.

For a piece of beef and turnip, Neglected, with a cabbage, He took up the pillion Of his bouncing mayd Jillian; And sowc't her like a baggage. Still doth he cry, etc.

A porter came in rudely And disturb'd the humming concord, He took-up his frock And he payd his nock And sawc't him with his owne cord. Still doth he cry, etc.

Gill upon Gill[979], or Gill's ... uncas'd, unstript, unbound.

'Sir, Did _you_ me this epistle send, Which is so vile and lewdly pen'd, In which no line I can espie Of sense or true orthographie? So slovenly it goes, In verse and prose, For which I must pull down your hose.' 'O good sir!' then cry'd he, 'In private let it be, And doe not sawce me openly.' 'Yes, sir, I'le sawce you openly Before Sound[980] and the company; And that none of thee may take heart Though thou art a batchelour of Art, Though thou hast payd thy fees For thy degrees: Yet I will make thy ... to sneeze. And now I doe begin To thresh it on thy skin For now my hand is in, is in. First, for the themes which thou me sent Wherin much nonsense thou didst vent, And for that barbarous piece of Greek For which in Gartheus[981] thou didst seeke. And for thy faults not few, In tongue Hebrew, For which a grove of birch is due. Therfore me not beseech To pardon now thy breech For I will be thy ...-leech, ...-leech. Next for the offense that thou didst give When as in Trinity thou didst live, And hadst thy ... in Wadham College mult For bidding sing _Quicunque vult_[982] And for thy blanketting[983] And many such a thing For which thy name in towne doth ring And none deserves so ill To heare as bad as Gill-- Thy name it is a proverb still, Thou vented[984] hast such rascall geer. Next thou a preacher were. For which the French-men all cry Fie! To heare such pulpitt-ribauldrie[985]. And sorry were to see So worthy a degree So ill bestowed on thee. But glad am I to say The Masters made the<e> stay Till thou in quarto[986] didst them pray. But now remaines the vilest thing, The alehouse barking 'gainst the king And all his brave and noble peeres; For which thou ventredst for thy eares. And if thou hadst thy right, Cutt off they had been quite And thou hadst been a rogue in sight. But though thou mercy find Yet I'le not be so kind But I'le jerke thee behind, behind.'

=Joseph Glanville= (1636-1680).

[987]Joseph Glanville, D.D.:--vide his funerall sermon[988] in St. Paul's church-yard at the signe of....

[989]Dr. Joseph Glanville, minister of Bathe, was taken ill at Bridgewater, and returned home and dyed, Tuesday, November 9, 1680, and lies interred in ... at Bath abbey.

He was author of _The zealous and impartiall Protestant_, 4to, stitch't, printed by Henry Brome, London, 16<81>: his name is not to it. Had he lived the Parliament would have questioned him for it.

=Owen Glendower= (1359(?)-1415).

[990]Quaere if you can find of what howse the famous Owen Glendower was. He was of Lincolns Inne, and dyed obscurely (I know where) in this county <Herefordshire>, keeping of sheepe.

... Skydmore of Kenchurch married his sister, and ... Vaughan of Hergest was his kinsman; and these two mayntayned him secretly in the ebbe of his fortune.

=Robert Glover= (1544-1588).

[991]The learned herald, Mr. ... Glover, was borne at ... in Somersetshire; vide Fuller's 'Worthies' de hoc.

I have heard Sir Wm. Dugdale say, that though Mr. Camden had the name, yet Mr. Glover was the best herald that did ever belong to the office. He tooke a great deale of paines in searching the antiquities of severall counties. He wrote a most delicate hand, and pourtrayed finely.

There is (or late was) at a coffee-house at the upper end of Bell-yard (or Shier-lane), under his owne hand, a Visitation of Cheshire, a most curious piece, which Sir Wm. Dugdale wish't me to see; and he told me that at York, at some ordinary house (I thinke a house of entertainment) he sawe such an elaborate piece of Yorkshire. But severall counties he surveyd, and that with great exactnes, but after his death they were all scattered abroad, and fell into ignorant hands.

He lies interred neer Mr. Foxe's monument (who wrote the _Martyrologie_) in St. Giles' Cripplegate Chancell, but I could not find any inscription concerning him. ☞ Quaere the register when he was buried. 'Twas Mr. John Gibbons[992], Blewmantle, told me he was buried here. I thinke Mr. Glover was Blewmantle.

=Jonathan Goddard= (1617-1674/5).

[993]Jonathan Godard, M.D., borne at Greenwich (or Rochester, where his father commonly lived; but, to my best remembrance, he told me at the former). His father was a ship-carpenter.

He was of Magdalen hall, Oxon. He was one of the College of Physitians, in London; Warden of Merton College, Oxon, _durante perduellione_; physitian to Oliver Cromwell, Protector; went with him into Ireland. Quaere if not also sent to him into Scotland, when he was so dangerously ill there of a kind of calenture or high fever, which made him mad that he pistolled one or two of his commanders that came to visit him in his delirious rage.

Collegii Greshamensis Praelector[994] medicinae; where he lived, and had his laboratory[995] for Chymistrie. He was an admirable Chymist.

He had three or fower medicines wherwith he did all his cures: a great ingredient was _Radix Serpentaria_.--From Mr. Mich. Weekes, who looked to his stills.

He intended to have left his library and papers to the Royall Societie, had he made his will, and had not dyed so suddainly[996]. So that his bookes (a good collection) are fallen into the hands of[997] a sister's son, a scholar in Caius Coll. Camb. But his papers are in the hands of Sir John Bankes, Reg. Soc. Socius. There were his lectures at Chirurgions' hall; and two manuscripts in 4to, thicke volumnes, readie for the presse, one was a kind of Pharmacopœaia (his nephew has this). 'Tis possible his rare universall medicines aforesayd might be retrived amongst his papers. My Lord Brounker has the recipe but will not impart it.

He was fellowe of the Royall Societie, and a zealous member for the improvement of naturall knowledge amongst them. They made him their drudge, for when any curious experiment was to be donne they would lay[998] the taske on him.

He loved wine and was most curious in his wines, was hospitable, but dranke not to excesse, but it happened that comeing from his club at the Crowne taverne in Bloomesbery, a foote, 11 at night, he fell downe dead of an apoplexie in Cheapside, at Wood-street end, March 24, Anno Domini 1674/5, aetat. 56. Sepult. in the church of Great St. Helen, Londini.

=Sir Edmund Bury Godfrey= (1621-1678).

[999]Sir Edmund-Bury Godfrey was of Christ's Church in Oxon, and chamber-fellowe to my cosen W<illiam> Morgan of Wells, in Peckwater, in north-east angle.

He was afterwards of Grayes Inne, and chamber-fellow to my counsell, Thomas Corbet, esq. I thinke Mr. Corbet told me he was called to the barre. But by match, or &c. he concieved he should gaine more by turning _woodmonger_.

The rest of his life and death is _lippis et tonsoribus notum_.

[Knighted[1000] for his great service done in London fire, 1666.]

=Thomas Goodwyn.=

[1001]... Goodwyn: he was borne in Norfolke: of the University of, I beleeve, Cambridge.

He was ... of the court of Ludlowe (in which place Jack Butts was his successor).

He maried first Barbara ... daughter of Sir W. Long, of Draycot-Cerne, in Wilts: 2d, ... Brabazon, of ... Hereffordshire; obiit sine prole.

He was a generall scolar, and had a delicate witt; was a great historian, and an excellent poet. He wrote, among other things, ..., a Pastorall, acted at Ludlowe about 1637, an exquisite piece. _The Journey into France_, crept in bishop Corbet's poems, was made by him, by the same token it made him misse of the preferment of ... at court, Mary the queen-mother remembring how he had abused her brother, the king of France; which made him to accept of the place at Ludlowe, out of the view of the world.

When he sat in court there, he was wont to have Thuanus, or Tacitus, or etc. before him. He was as fine a gentleman as any in England, though now forgott. Obiit, at or about Ludlowe, circiter ... (quaere Sir J. H. and Sir James Long).

_The Journey into France_ was made by Mr. Thomas Goodwyn, of Ludlowe, ...; certaine.

=Thomas Gore= (1631/2-1684).

[1002]Genesis Thomae Gore armigeri by Charles Snell, esq.:--

'Tuesday, 20ᵐᵒ Martii 1631/2, 11ʰ 00´ P.M. tempus aestimatum geneseos Thomae Gore, de Alderton <Wilts>, armigeri.'

_Note._

This Thomas Gore, a writer on heraldry, was a correspondent of Anthony Wood: see Clark's Wood's _Life and Times_, ii. 140, iv. 229. Aubrey habitually, in his letters to Wood, refers contemptuously to him as 'the cuckold of Alderton.'

=Sir Arthur Gorges= (15..-1625).

[1003]'Sir Arthur Gorges[1004] was buried August the 22ᵗʰ 1661'--_ex registro Chelsey_.

_In obitum illustrissimi viri Dⁱ. Arthuri Gorges, equitis aurati, epicedium._

Te deflent nati, natae, celeberrima conjux; Te dolet argutae magna caterva scholae. At Lucanus[LXXIV.] ait se vivo non moriturum Arthurum Gorges: transtulit ipse decus. Aethereas cupiens Arthurus adire per auras Et nonus ex ejus nomine natus adest.

[LXXIV.] transtulit Lucanum.

In the aisle of the Gorges, viz. south side of the church of Chelsey on an altar monument made for his father or grandfather--'Dˢ. Arthur Gorge, eq. aur., filius ejus natu maximus.'

=John Gower= (1327?-1408).

[1005]John Gower, esq., poet, has a very worshipfull monument in the north side of the church of St. Saviour's Southwarke; an incumbent figure: about his head is a chaplet of gold--

meriti, etc.--

and a silver collar of SSS about his neck.

Vide iterum, and also his booke.

=John Graunt= (1620-1674).

[1006]Captaine John Graunt (afterwards, major) was borne (ex MSᵗᵒ patris sui) 24º die Aprilis, 1/2 an houre before eight a clock on a Munday morning, the signe being in the 9 degree of Gemini that day at 12 a clock, Anno Domini 1620.

He was the sonne of Henry Graunt, who was borne 18 January 1592[1007], being Tuesday, at night; et obiit 21 March, 1661/2, being Fryday, between one and two in the morning; buryed in the vault in the new vestrie in St. Michaels church in Cornhill. He was borne in ..., Hantshire.

His son John was borne at the 7 Starres in Burchin Lane, London, in the parish of St. Michael's Cornhill.

He wrote _Observations on the bills of mortality_ very ingeniosely (but I beleeve, and partly know, that he had his hint from his intimate and familiar friend Sir William Petty), to which he made some _Additions_, since printed. And he intended, had he lived, to have writt more on the subject.

He writt also some _Observations on the advance of excise_, not printed: quaere his widowe for them.

To give him his due prayse, he was a very ingeniose and studious person, and generally beloved, and rose early in the morning to his study before shop-time. He understood Latin and French. He was a pleasant facetious companion, and very hospitable.

He was bred-up (as the fashion then was) in the Puritan way; wrote short-hand dextrously; and after many yeares constant hearing and writing sermon-notes, he fell to buying and reading of the best Socinian bookes, and for severall yeares continued of that opinion. At last, about ..., he turned a Roman Catholique, of which religion he dyed a great zealot.

He was free of the drapers' company, and by profession was a haberdasher of small-wares. He had gone through all the offices[1008] of the city so far as common-councell-man. Captain of the trayned-bands severall yeares; major, 2 or 3 yeares.--He was a common councell man 2 yeares, and then putt out (as also of his military employment in the trayned band) for his religion.

He was admitted a fellowe of the Royall Societie, anno 16.. (about 1663).

He broke[1009].... He dyed on Easter eve[1010] 1674; buryed on the Wednesday in Easter-weeke in St. Dunstan's church in Fleet Strete under the gallery about the middle (or more west) north side, anno aetatis suae 54.

He had one son, a man, who dyed in Persia; one daughter, a nunne at ... (I thinke, Gaunt). His widowe yet alive.

[1011]Major John Graunt dyed on Easter-eve 1674, and was buryed the Wednesday followeing in St. Dunstan's church in Fleet street in the body of the said church under the piewes towards the gallery on the north side, i.e., under the piewes (_alias_ hoggsties) of the north side of the middle aisle (what pitty 'tis so great an ornament of the citty should be buryed so obscurely!), aetatis anno 54º.

Was borne in Burchin lane, at the 7 Starres, in St. Michael's Cornhill parish, at which place he continued his trade till about 2 yeares since.

{1. Political} His 'Observations on the bills of mortality {2. . . . . .}' {3. . . . . .}

hath been printed more then once; and now very scarce.

He wrott some 'Observations on the advance of the excise,' not printed; and intended to have writt more of the bills of mortality; and also intended to have written something of religion.

He was by trade a haberdasher of small wares, but was free of the drapers' company. A man generally beloved; a faythfull friend. Often chosen for his prudence and justnes to be an arbitrator; and he was a great peace-maker. He had an excellent working head, and was very facetious and fluent in his conversation.

[1012]He had gonne thorough all the offices of the city so far as common councill man. He was common councill man two yeares. Captaine of the trayned band, severall yeares: major of it, two or three yeares, and then layd downe trade and all other publique employment for his religion, being a Roman Catholique.

Ex MSS. patris ejus:--'My son, John Graunt, was borne 24th day of April halfe an howre before 8 a clock on a Monday morning anno Domini 1620.'

He was my honoured and worthy friend--cujus animae propitietur Deus, Amen.

His death is lamented by all good men that had the happinesse to knowe him; and a great number of ingeniose persons attended him to his grave. Among others, with teares, was that ingeniose great virtuoso, Sir William Petty, his old and intimate acquaintance, who was sometime a student at Brase-nose College.

=Edward Greaves= (1608-1680).

[1013]Sir Edward Greaves, M.D., obiit Thursday November 11, 1680 in Convent Garden; buried in the church there.

Scripsit _Morbus epidemicus, or the new desease_, 4to, stitch't, printed at Oxford about 1643.

Port<avit> 'gules, an eagle displayed or, crowned argent.'

=... Gregory.=

[1014]... Gregorie, famous peruq-maker, buryed at St. Clement Danes church dore west. Quaere inscription in rythme from baron[1015] Gregory, baron of the exchequer.

Vide Cotgrave's french dictionary ubi peruqes are called Gregorians.

[1016]Peruques not commonly worne till 1660. Memorandum there was one Gregorie in the Strand that was the first famous periwig-maker; and they were then called Gregorians (mentioned in Cotgrave's Dictionarie _in verbo_ perruque). He lies buried by the west church-dore of St. Clements Danes, where he had an inscription which mentioned it. 'Twas in verse and Sir William Gregorie (one of the Barons of the Exchequer) read and told it me. Quaere of him + de hoc.

=Sir Thomas Gresham= (1519-1579).

[1017]Memorandum[EI]:--Mr. Shirman, the attorney, at Inneholders-hall, hath a copie of Sir Thomas Gresham's will[EJ], which procure.

_Notes._

[EI] Aubrey in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8, gives in trick the coats:--(_a_), 'argent, a chevron ermine between 3 mullets pierced sable: crest, a grasshopper: motto, _Fortun amy_ [Sir Thomas Gresham, 1601]': and (_b_), 'or, on a bend vert 3 bucks' heads caboshed argent.'

[EJ] Twice alluded to in MS. Aubr. 8, viz., (fol. 8) 'Copie out Sir Thomas Gresham's will from Mr. Shirman'; (fol. 12) 'Sir Thomas Gresham, knight: quaere copie of his will from Mr. Shirman, attornie.'

=Fulke Greville=, lord Brooke (1554-1628).

=Robert Greville=, lord Brooke (1607-1642/3).

[1018]Sir Fulke Greville, lord Brokes, adopted a parke-keeper's sonne his heire, who (I thinke) had but one eie: vide de hoc in Dr. Heylen's Historie of the church of England ... Vide Sir William Davenant's life[1019] in part 1ˢᵗ <i.e. in MS. Aubr. 6>.

Poems, in folio, London, printed....

'The life[1020] of the renowned Sir Philip Sidney, with the true Interest of England, as it then stood in relation to all Forrain Princes: And particularly for suppressing the power of Spain, stated by him. Written by Sir Fulke Grevil, knight, lord Brook, a servant to Queen Elisabeth, and his companion and friend. London, printed for H. Seile, over against St. Dunstan's church, in Fleet-street, M.DC.LII.'

Vide in Sir William Dugdale's _Warwickshire_ his noble castle[1021], and monument with this inscription: 'Here lies the body of Sir Fulke Grevile knight servant to Q. Eliz., counsellor to King James, and friend to Sir Philip Sidney.'

<Robert Greville, second> lord Brookes, was maried to <Catherine Russell> daughter of the earle of Bedford. He was killed at the siege of Lichfield, March the 2d (St. Chad's day, to whom the Church is dedicated) <1642/3> by a minister's sonne, borne deafe and dumbe, out of the church. He was armed _cap à pied_; only his bever was open. I was then at Trinity College in Oxon. and doe perfectly remember the story.

The lord Brookes, that was killed at Lichfield, printed a booke about Religion, a little before the civill warres, by the same token that in[1022] <a> song on the Lords then, his <character> was:--'_Brook is a foole in print_.'

=Peter Gunning= (1614-1684).

[1023]... Gunning, episcopus Eliensis;--his father was a minister in the Wild of Kent; and 'tis thought he was borne there, scil. at Brenchley.

=Edmund Gunter= (1581-1626).

[1024]Mr. Edmund Gunter[EK]:--for his birth, etc., see in _Antiq. Oxon._ <by> A. Wood.

Captain Ralph Gretorex, mathematical instrument maker in London, sayd that he was the first that brought mathematicall instruments to perfection. His booke of the quadrant, sector, and crosse-staffe did open men's understandings and made young men in love with that studie. Before, the mathematical sciences were lock't up in the Greeke and Latin tongues and so[1025] lay untoucht, kept safe in some libraries. After Mr. Gunter published his booke, these sciences sprang up amain, more and more to that height it is at now (1690).

When he was a student at Christ Church, it fell to his lott to preach the Passion sermon, which some old divines that I knew did heare, but they sayd that 'twas sayd of him then in the University that our Saviour never suffered so much since his passion as in that sermon, it was such a lamentable one--

Non omnia possumus omnes.

The world is much beholding to him for what he hath donne well.

Gunter is originally a Brecknockshire family, of Tregunter. They came thither under the conduct of Sir Bernard Newmarch when he made the conquest of that county (Camden).--'Aubrey, Gunter, Waldbeof, Havard, Pichard' (which is falsely express'd in all Mr. Camden's bookes, scil. Prichard, which is non-sense).

_Note._

[EK] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'sable, 3 gauntletts argent'; and adds 'quaere if these gauntletts are dextre or sinistre?'

=John Guy= (15..-1628).

[1026]Memorandum:--... Guy, alderman of Bristoll, was the wisest man of his time in that city. He was as their oracle and they chose him for one of their representatives to sitt in Parliament.

'Twas he that brought in the <bill> for lowering of interest from ten in the hundred to eight per centum.

=... Gwyn.=

[1027]Surlinesse and inurbanitie too common in England: chastise these very severely[1028].

A better instance of a squeamish and disobligeing, slighting, insolent, proud, fellow[1029], perhaps cant be found then in ... Gwin, the earl of Oxford's[1030] secretary. No reason satisfies him, but he overweenes, and cutts some sower faces that would turne the milke in a faire ladie's breast.

=William Habington= (1605-1645).

[1031]William Habington, of Hindlip in Worcestershire, esq., maried Luce, daughter of William <Herbert>, lord Powes, 1634, as by the Worcestershire Visitation it appeares.

He was a very learned gentleman, author of a poem called Castara. He wrote a live of one of the kings of England.

_Note._

Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'argent, on a bend gules 3 eagles displayed, or; impaling, party per pale argent and gules 3 lions rampant counterchanged, within a bordure gobony, or and ..., a crescent for difference.'

=Sir Matthew Hale= (1609-1676).

[1032]_Judge Hale's accidents._

1609, natus, November 1ˢᵗ, in the evening, his father then being at his prayers.

1612, death of his mother, April 23.

1614, his father dyed, moneth not known.

1625, went to Oxon to Magdalen Hall; vide A. Wood's _History of Oxon_ when matriculated.

1628, admitted of the society of Lincolne's Inne, November 8.

1636, this yeare called to the barre, quaere in what terme.

1640, maried the first time. He was a great cuckold.

1656, his second mariage to his servant mayd, Mary.

1660, made Lord Chief Baron.

1671, Lord Chiefe Justice of England, 18 May.

1676, Christmas day, he dyed.

[1033]Sir Matthew Hales, Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench, was borne at Alderley in com. Glouc., November 1ˢᵗ, 1609; christned the 5ᵗʰ. Quaere Mr. Edward Stephens horam, for he has it exactly. When his mother fell in labour, his father was offering up his evening sacrifice.

[1034]That incomparable man for goodnes and universality of learning, Sir Matthew Hales, Lord Chief Justice of England, hath writt the description of Gloucestershire, an elaborate piece, and ready for the presse. The transcripts of the Tower for it cost him 40 _li._

=John Hales= (1584-1656).

[1035]Mr. John Hales, ...[1036], was borne at Wells, I thinke I have heard Mr. John Sloper say (vicar of Chalke; his mother was Mr. Hales's sister, and he bred him at Eaton).

His father was a steward to the family of the Horners:--

Hopton, Horner, Smyth, and Thynne, When abbots went out, they came in[1037].

Went to school, at Bath (as I take it). Fellow of Merton Colledge. Assisted Sir Henry Savill in his edition of Chrysostome (_cum aliis_). Afterwards fellow of Eaton College.

Went chaplain to Sir Dudley Carlton (ambassador to ...). I thinke was at the Synod of Dort.

When the Court was at Windsor, the learned courtiers much delighted <in> his company, and were wont to grace him with their company.

I have heard his nephew, Mr. Sloper, say, that he much loved to read ... Stephanus, who was a _familist_, I thinke that first wrote of that sect of the Familie of Love: he was mightily taken with it, and was wont to say that sometime or other those fine notions would take in the world. He was one of the first Socinians in England, I thinke the first.

He was a generall scolar, and I beleeve a good poet: for Sir John Suckling brings him into the Session of the Poets:

'Little Hales all the time did nothing but smile, To see them, about nothing, keepe such a coile.'

He had a noble librarie of bookes, and those judicially chosen, which cost him ... _li._ (quaere Mr. Sloper); and which he sold to Cornelius Bee, bookeseller, in Little Britaine, (as I take it, for 1000 _li._) which was his maintenance after he was ejected out of his fellowship at Eaton College. He had then only reserved some few for his private use, to wind-up his last dayes withall.

The ladie Salter (neer Eaton) was very kind to him after the sequestration; he was very welcome to her ladyship, and spent much of his time there. At Eaton he lodged (after his sequestration) at the next house <to> the Christopher (inne), where I sawe him, a prettie little man, sanguine, of a cheerfull countenance, very gentile, and courteous; I was recieved by him with much humanity: he was in a kind of violet-colourd cloath gowne, with buttons and loopes (he wore not a black gowne), and was reading Thomas à Kempis; it was within a yeare before he deceased. He loved Canarie; but moderately, to refresh his spirits.

He had a bountifull mind. I remember in 1647, a little after the Visitation[1038], when Thomas Mariett, esq., Mr. William Radford, and Mr. Edward Wood (all of Trinity College) had a frolique from Oxon to London, on foot, having never been there before, they happened to take Windsore in their way, made their addresse to this good gentleman, being then fellow. Mr. Edward Wood was the spookes-man, remonstrated that they were Oxon scholars: he treated them well, and putt into Mr. Wood's hands ten shillings.

He lies buried in the church yard at Eaton, under an altar monument of black marble, erected at the sole chardge of Mr. ... Curwyn, with a too long epitaph. He was no kiff or kin to him.

[1039]Mr. John Hales dyed at Mris Powney's house, a widow-woman, in Eaton, opposite to the churchyard, adjoyning to the Christopher Inne southwards. 'Tis the howse where I sawe him.

She is a very good woman and of a gratefull spirit. She told me that when she was maried, Mr. Hales was very bountifull to them in helping them[1040] to live in the world. She was very gratefull to him and respectfull to him.

She told me that Mr. Hales was the common godfather there, and 'twas pretty to see, as he walked to Windsor, how his godchildren asked him blessing[1041]. When he was bursar, he still gave away all his groates for the acquittances to his godchildren; and by that time he came to Windsor bridge, he would have never a groate left.

This Mris Powney assures me that the poor were more relieveable, that is to say, that he recieved more kindnesse from them than from the rich. That that I putt downe of my lady Salter (sister to Brian Duppa, bishop of Sarum), from his nephew <John> Sloper, vicar of Chalke, is false[1042]. She had him to her house indeed, but 'twas to teach her sonne, who was such a blockhead he could not read well.

Cornelius Bee bought his library for 700 _li._, which cost him not lesse then 2,500 _li._ Mris Powney told me that she was much against the sale of 'em, because she knew it was his life and joy.

He might have been restored to his fellowship again, but he would not accept the offer. He was not at all covetous, and desired only to leave x _li._ to bury him.

He bred-up our vicar, [Sloper[1043]], who, she told me, never sent him a token; and he is angry with her, thinks he left her too much.

She is a woman primitively good, and deserves to be remembred. I wish I had her Christian name. Her husband has an inscription on a gravestone in Eaton College chapel towards the south wall.

She has a handsome darke old-fashioned howse. The hall, after the old fashion, above the wainscot, painted cloath, with godly sentences out of the Psalmes, etc., according to the pious custome of old times; a convenient garden and orchard. She has been handsome: a good understanding, and cleanlie.

=Joseph Hall= (1574-1656).

[1044]Joseph Hall, bishop of Exon, etc.: he was a keeper's son in Norfolke (I thinke, neer Norwich).--From old Mr. Theophilus Woodenoth.

He wrote most of his fine discourses at Worcester, when he was deane there.--From Mr. Francis Potter, who went to schole there.

Monsieur Balzac exceedingly admired him and often quotes him: vide Balzac's _Apologie_.

=Edmund Halley= (1656-1741/2).

[1045]Mr. Edmund Hally, astronomer, born October 29, 1656, London--this nativity I had from Mr. Hally himself.

[1046]Mr. Edmund Halley[1047], Artium Magister, the eldest son of <Edmund> Halley, a soape-boyler, a wealthy citizen of the city of London; of the Halleys, of Derbyshire, a good family.

He was born in Shoreditch parish, at a place called Haggerston, the backside of Hogsdon.

At 9 yeares old, his father's apprentice taught him to write, and arithmetique. He went to Paule's schoole to Dr. Gale: while he was there he was very perfect in the Caelestiall Globes insomuch that I heard Mr. Moxon (the globe-maker) say that if a star were misplaced in the globe, he would presently find it.

At ... he studyed Geometry, and at 16 could make a dyall, and then, he said, thought himselfe a brave fellow.

At <16> went to Queen's Colledge in Oxon, well versed in Latin, Greeke, and Hebrew: where, at the age of nineteen, he solved this useful probleme in astronomie, never donne before, ☞ viz. 'from 3 distances given from the sun, and angles between, to find the orbe' (mentioned in the Philosophicall Transactions, Aug. or Sept. 1676, No. 115), for which his name will be ever famous.

Anno Domini ... tooke his degree of Bacc. Art.; Anno Domini ... tooke his degree of Master of Arts[1048].

Anno ... left Oxon, and lived at London with his father till <1676>; at which time he gott leave, and a viaticum of his father, to goe to the Island of _Sancta_ _Hellena_, purely upon the account of advancement in Astronomy, to make the globe of the Southerne Hemisphere right, which before was very erroneous, as being donne only after the observations of ignorant seamen. There he stayed ... moneths. There went over with him (amongst others) a woman ... yeares old, and her husband ... old, who had no child in ... yeares; before he came from the island, she was brought to bed of a child. At his returne, he presented his Planisphere, with a short description, to his majesty who was very well pleased with it; but received nothing but prayse.

I have often heard him say that if his majestie would be but only at the chardge of sending out a ship, he would take the longitude and latitude, right ascensions and declinations of ... southern fixed starres.

Anno 1678, he added a spectacle-glasse to the shadowe-vane of the lesser arch of the sea-quadrant (or back-staffe); which is of great use, for that that spott of light will be manifest when you cannot see any shadowe.

He went to Dantzick to visit Hevelius, Anno 167-.

December 1ˢᵗ, 1680, went to Paris.

[1049]Edmund Haley:--cardinall d'Estrée caressed him and sent him to his brother the admirall with a lettre of recommendation.--He hath contracted an acquaintance and friendship with all the eminentst mathematicians of France and Italie, and holds a correspondence with them.

He returned into England, Januarii 24º, 1681/2.

Quaere Mr. Partridge of his _Directio mortis_, scilicet about 35 aetatis.

[1050]<Quaere> Edmund Halley who cutts his schemes in wood? they are well.

<David> Loggan informes me that one ... Edwards, the manciple of ... College Oxon, doth cut in wood very well.

_Note._

In the earl of Macclesfield's library at Shirburne Castle, Oxon., are several MSS. by Halley; among them a common-place book.

=Baldwin Hamey= (1600-1676).

[1051]In the midd aisle (or nave) of Chelsey church, a faire flat marble grave-stone:--

The return of Baldwin Hamey, Dr. of Physick, on the 14 of May being Whitsunday in the yeare of our Lord 1676 and in the 76th yeare of his age.

Psalm 146, vers. 4.

His breath goeth, etc.

=William Harcourt= (1610-1679).

[1052]Father Harcourt--he told me that he was of the familie of Stanton Harcourt, A.D. 1650. He was confessor, and afterwards co-executor, to the lady Inglefield.

[1053]_Petrification of a kidney._ When father Harcourt suffered[1054] at Tyburne, and his bowells, etc. throwne into the fire, a butcher's boy standing by was resolved to have a piece of his kidney which was broyling in the fire. He burn't his fingers much, but he got it; and one ... Roydon, a brewer in Southwark, bought it, a kind of Presbyterian. The wonder is, 'tis now absolutely petrified: I have seen it. He much values it.

[1055]Mr. Roydon, brewer in Southwarke (opposite the Temple), haz the piece of Father Harcourt's kidney which was snatcht out of the fire, and now petrified and very hard. But 'twas not so hard when he first had it. It being alwayes carried in the pocket hardened by degrees better then by the fire--like an agate polished.

=Thomas Hariot= (1560-1621).

[1056]Mr. Thomas Hariot[EL]--from Dr. John Pell, March 31, 1680. Dr. Pell knowes not what countreyman[1057] he was (but an Englishman he was)--[There[1058] is a place in Kent called Harriot's-ham, now my lord Wotton's[EM]; and in Wostershire in the parish of Droytwich is a fine seat called Harriots, late the seate of Chiefe Baron Wyld.]

He thinkes he dyed about the time he (Dr. Pell) went to Cambridge. He sayes my lord John Vaughan can enforme me, and haz a copie of his will: which vide.

[1059]Mr. Thomas Hariot--Mr. Elias Ashmole thinkes he was a Lancashire man: Mr. <John> Flamsted promised me to enquire of Mr. Townley.

[1060]☞ I very much desire to find his buriall: he was not buryed in the Tower chapelle.

[1061]Mr. Thomas Harriot[1062]:--Memorandum:--Sir Robert Moray (from Francis Stuart[1063]), declared at the Royal Society--'twas when the comet[1064] appeared before the Dutch warre--that Sir Francis had heard Mr. Harriot say that he had seen nine cometes, and had predicted seaven of them, but did not tell them how. 'Tis very strange: excogitent astronomi.

[1065]Mr. Hariot went with Sir Walter Ralegh into Virginia, and haz writt the Description of Virginia, which is printed.

Dr. Pell tells me that he finds amongst his papers (which are now, 1684, in Dr. Busby's hands), an alphabet that he had contrived for the American language, like Devills[1066].

He wrote a Description of Virginia, which is since printed in Mr. Purchas's Pilgrims.

Vide Mr. Glanvill's Moderne Improvement of Usefull Knowledge, where he makes mention of Mr. Thomas Harriot, pag. 33.

When <Henry Percy, ninth> earle of Northumberland, and Sir Walter Ralegh were both prisoners in the Tower, they grew acquainted, and Sir Walter Raleigh recommended Mr. Hariot to him, and the earle setled an annuity of two hundred pounds a yeare on him for his life, which he enjoyed. But to[1067] Hues[LXXV.] (who wrote _De Usu Globorum_) and to Mr. Warner he gave an annuity but of sixty pounds per annum. These 3 were usually called the _earle of Northumberland's three Magi_. They had a table at the earle's chardge, and the earle himselfe had them to converse with, singly or together.

[LXXV.] Robert Hues was buried in Xt. Ch. Oxon.

He was a great acquaintance of Master ... Ailesbury, to whom Dr. Corbet sent a letter in verse, Dec. 9, 1618, when the great blazing starre appeared,--

'Now for the peace of God<s> and men advise, (Thou that hast wherwithall to make us wise), Thine owne rich studies and deepe Harriot's mine, In which there is no drosse but all refine.'

<Vide> Dr. Corbet's poems.

The bishop of Sarum (Seth Ward) told me that one Mr. Haggar (a countryman of his), a gentleman and good mathematician, was well acquainted with Mr. Thomas Hariot, and was wont to say, that he did not like (or valued not) the old storie of the Creation of the World. He could not beleeve the old position; he would say _ex nihilo nihil fit_. But sayd Mr. Haggar, a _nihilum_ killed him at last: for in the top of his nose came a little red speck (exceeding small), which grew bigger and bigger, and at last killed him. I suppose it was that which the chirurgians call a _noli me tangere_.

[1068]Mr. Hariot dyed of an ulcer in his lippe or tongue--vide Dr. Read's Chirurgery, where he mentions him as his patient, in the treatise of ulcers (or cancers).

The Workes of Dr. Alexander Reade, printed, London, 1650; in the treatise of Ulcers, p. 248. 'Cancrous ulcers (_ozana_) also seise on this part. This griefe hastened the end of that famous mathematician Mr. Hariot with whom I was acquainted but short time before his death; whom at one time, together with Mr. Hughes (who wrote of the globes), Mr. Warner, and Mr. Torporley, the noble earle of Northumberland, the favourer of all good learning and Maecenas of learned men, maintained while he was in the Tower, for their worth and various literature.'

He made a philosophicall theologie, wherin he castoff the Old Testament, and then the New one would (consequently) have no foundation. He was a Deist. His doctrine he taught to Sir Walter Raleigh, Henry, earle of Northumberland, and some others. The divines of those times look't on his manner of death as a judgement upon him for nullifying the Scripture.

Ex Catalogo librorum impressorum bibl. Bodleianae in Academia Oxoniensi, Oxon., MDCLXXIV:--

_Thomas Hariot_:--Historia Virginiae, cum iconibus, Lat. per C. C. A. edita per Th. de Bry, _Franc._ 1590 (A. 8. 7. _Art_).

--Same in English, _Lond._ 1588 (E. 1. 25. _Art. Seld._).

_Thomas Hariotus_:--Artis analyticae praxis ad aequationes Algebraicas resolvendas, _Lond._ 1631 (F. 2. 12. _Art. Seld._).

_Notes._

[EL] Aubrey gives the coat:--'per pale, ermine and ermines, 3 crescents counterchanged [Hariot].'

[EM] Charles Henry Kirckhoven, created baron Wotton, Aug. 31, 1650; created earl of Bellomont, Feb. 11, 1679/80.

=Sir Edward Harley= (1624-1700).

[1069]Sir Edward Harley, knight of the Bath, was borne at his castle of Brampton Bryan in Herefordshire. He was of Magdalen Hall, Oxon; was governor of Dunkirke for his majestie king Charles 2ᵈ, where he then sounded that sea from Graveling to Newport--which notes he haz by him--of great use to seamen because of the shelves.

=Sir Robert Harley= (1580-1656).

[1070]Old Sir Robert Harley translated all the Psalmes very well. He was of Oriell College.

=Sir Robert Harley= (1626-1673).

[1071]Sir Robert Harley[1072], second sonne of Sir Robert Harley of Brampton-Bryan, told me that he was borne the morning that my Lord Chancellour Bacon dyed (9º Aprilis); sed quaere, et vide his picture if 'twas not the 6ᵗʰ.

He maried....

He dyed at Brampton-Brian 16 Nov. Sunday, 6ʰ A.M., anno Domini 1673.

=James Harrington= (1611/2-1677).

[1073]James Harrington, esq.--he was borne the first Fryday[1074] in January Anno Domini 1611, near Northampton. Quaere Mr. Marvell's epitaph on him.

[1075]James Harrington[EN], esq., borne the first Fryday in January 1611, neer Northampton; the son of [Sir[1076] Sapcote] Harrington of ... in the countie of ..., by ..., daughter of Sir ... Samuel[1077], was borne at [Upton[1078]] (Sir ... Samuel's house in Northamptonshire) anno....

He was a <gentleman> commoner of Trinity Colledge in Oxford. He travelled France, Italie, and the Netherlands. His genius lay chiefly towards the politiques and democraticall goverment.

He was much respected by the queen of Bohemia[EO], who was bred up by the lord Harrington's lady, and she owned the kindnes of the family.

Anno 1647, if not 6, he was by order of Parliament made one of his Majestie's Bedchamber, at Holmeby, &c. The king loved his company; only he would not endure to heare of a Commonwealth: and Mr. Harington passionately loved his majestie. Mr. Harrington and the king often disputed about goverment. He was on the scaffold with the king when he was beheaded; and I have at these meetings[1079] oftentimes heard him speake of king Charles I with the greatest zeale and passion imaginable, and that his death gave him so great griefe that he contracted a disease by it; that never any thing did goe so neer to him. Memorandum:--Mr. <Thomas> Herbert, the traveller, was th' other of his Bedchamber by order of Parliament, and was also on the scaffold. He gave them both there some watches: vide Speech.

He made severall essayes in Poetry, viz. love-verses, &c., and translated ... booke of Virgill's Æn.; but his muse was rough, and Mr. Henry Nevill, an ingeniose and well-bred gentleman, a member of the House of Commons, and an excellent (but concealed) poet, was his great familiar and confident friend, and disswaded him from tampering in poetrie which he did _invitâ Minervâ_, and to improve his proper talent, viz. Politicall Reflections.

Whereupon he writ his _Oceana_, printed London <1656>. Mr. T. Hobbes was wont to say that Henry Nevill had a finger in that pye; and 'tis like enough. That ingeniose tractat, together with his and H. Nevill's smart discourses and inculcations, dayly at coffee-houses, made many proselytes.

[Illustration]

In so much that, anno 1659, the beginning of Michaelmas-terme, he had every night a meeting at the (then) Turke's head, in the New Pallace-yard, where they take water, the next house to the staires, at one Miles's, where was made purposely a large ovall-table, with a passage in the middle for Miles to deliver his Coffee. About it sate his disciples, and the virtuosi. The discourses in this kind were the most ingeniose, and smart, that ever I heard, or expect to heare, and ban<i>ed with great eagernesse: the arguments in the Parliament howse were but flatt to it.

He now printed a little pamphlet (4to) called _Divers modells of Popular Government_, printed by Daniel Jakeman; and then his partie desired him to print another little pamphlet called _The Rota_, 4to.

Here[1080] we had (very formally) a _ballotting-box_, and balloted how things should be caried, by way of tentamens. The room was every evening[1081] full as it could be cramm'd. I cannot now recount the whole number:--

Mr. Cyriack Skinner, an ingeniose young gentleman, scholar to John Milton, was chaire-man. There was Mr. Henry Nevill; major John Wildman; Mr. <Charles> Woo<l>seley, of ..., Staffordshire; Mr. <Roger> Coke, grandson of Sir Edward; Sir[1082] William Poultney (chaireman); [Sir[1082] John Hoskins; J<ames> Arderne[1083];] Mr. Maximilian Petty, a very able man in these matters, and who had more then once turn'd the councill-board of Oliver Cromwell, his kinsman; Mr. Michael Malett; Mr. <Philip> Carteret, of Garnesey; <Francis> Cradoc, a merchant; Mr. Henry Ford; major ... Venner; Mr. Edward Bagshaw; [Thomas Mariet, esq.[1084];] <William> Croon, M.D.; _cum multis aliis_ now slipt out of my memorie[LXXVI.].

[LXXVI.] Dr. Robert Wood[EP] was of the _Rota_.--MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 11.

<Besides> which[1085] were, as auditors[1086], severall, e.g. the earle[1087] Tirconnel; Sir John Penruddock; etc.; Mr. John Birkenhead; as myselfe.

... Stafford, esq., as antagonists[1088].

Several officers[1089].

We many times adjourned to the Rhenish-wine howse. One time Mr. Stafford and his gang came in, in drink, from the taverne[1090], and affronted the Junto (Mr. Stafford tore their orders and minutes). The soldiers offerd to kick them downe stayres, but Mr. Harrington's moderation and persuasion hindred it.

The doctrine was very taking, and the more because, as to human foresight, there was no possibility of the king's returne. But the greatest part of the Parliament-men perfectly hated this designe of _rotation by ballotting_; for they were cursed tyrants, and in love with their power, and 'twas death to them, except 8 or 10, to admitt of this way, for H. Nevill proposed it in the Howse, and made it out to them, that except they embraced that modell of goverment they would be ruind--_sed quos perdere vult Jupiter_ etc., _hos_, &c.

Pride of senators for life is insufferable; and they were able to grind any one they owed ill will to to powder; they were hated by the armie and their countrey they represented, and their name and memorie stinkes--'twas worse then tyranny. Now this modell upon rotation was:--that the third part of the Senate[1091] should rote out by ballot every yeare, so that every ninth yeare the Howse would be wholly alterd; no magistrate to continue above 3 yeares, and all to be chosen by ballot, then which manner of choice, nothing can be invented more faire and impartiall.

Well: this meeting continued Novemb., Dec., Jan., till Febr. 20 or 21; and then, upon the unexpected turne upon generall Monke's comeing-in, all these aierie modells vanished. Then 'twas not fitt, nay treason, to have donne such; but I well remember, he[1092] severall times (at the breaking-up) sayd, 'Well, the king will come in. Let him come-in, and call a Parliament of the greatest Cavaliers in England, so they be men of estates, and let them sett but 7 yeares, and they will all turn Common-wealthe's men.'

He was wont to find fault with the constitution of our goverment, that 'twas _by jumps_, and told a story of a cavaliero he sawe at the Carnival in Italie, who rode on an excellent managed horse that with a touch of his toe would jumpe quite round. One side of his habit was Spanish, the other French; which sudden alteration of the same person pleasantly surprized the spectators. 'Just so,' said he, ''tis with us. When no Parliament, then absolute monarchie; when a Parliament, then it runnes to Commonwealth.'

[1093]Anno Domini 1660, he was committed[1094] prisoner to the Tower, where he was kept ...; then to Portsey castle. His durance in these prisons (he being a gentleman of a high spirit and hot head) was the procatractique cause of his deliration or madnesse; which was not outragious, for he would discourse rationally enough and be very facetious company, but he grew to have a phancy that[1095] his perspiration turned to flies, and sometimes to bees--_ad cætera sobrius_; and he had a timber _versatile_ built[1096] in Mr. Hart's garden (opposite to St. James's parke) to try the experiment. He would turne it to the sun, and sitt towards it; then he had his fox-tayles there to chase away and massacre all the flies and bees that were to be found there, and then shutt his chassees[1097]. Now this experiment was only to be tryed in warme weather, and some flies would lye so close in the cranies and the cloath (with which it was hung) that they would not presently shew themselves. A quarter of an hower after perhaps, a fly or two, or more, might be drawen-out of the lurking holes by the warmeth; and then he would crye out, 'Doe not you see it apparently that these come from me?' 'Twas the strangest sort of madnes that ever I found in any one: talke of any thing els, his discourse would be very ingeniose and pleasant.

Anno ... he married to his old sweet-heart Mris ... Dayrell[LXXVII.], of ..., a comely and discreete ladie. The motto to his seale, which was party per pale baron et femme Harrington and Dayrell was.... It happening so, from some private reasons, that he could not enjoy his deare in the flower and heate of his youth, he would never lye with her, but loved and admired her dearly: for she was _vergentibus annis_ when he maried her, and had lost her sweetenesse.

[LXXVII.] His wife was ... Dayrell. Round about his seale, which was party per pale baron and femme[1098], were these words, scil. _In longum coiere faces_.

He was of a middling stature, well-trussed man, strong and thick, well-sett, sanguine, quick-hott-fiery hazell eie, thick moyst curled haire, as you may see by his picture. In his conversation very friendly, and facetious, and hospitable.

For above twenty yeares before he died (except his imprisonment) he lived in the Little-Ambry (a faire house on the left hand), which lookes into the Deane's-yard in Westminster. In the upper story he had a pretty gallery, which looked into the yard (over ... court) where he commonly dined, and meditated, and tooke his tobacco.

His _amici_ were:--Henry Nevill, esq., who never forsooke him to his dyeing day. Though[1099] a whole yeare before he died, his memorie and discourse were taken away by a disease ('twas a[1100]sad sight to see such a sample of mortality, in one whom I lately knew, a brisque, lively cavaliero), this gentleman, whom I must never forget for his constant friendship, payd his visits as duly and respectfully as when his friend (J. H.) was in the prime of his understanding--a true friend.

----[LXXVIII.]Mr. Andrew Marvell, who made an epitaph for him, which quaere.

[LXXVIII.] Mr. Andrew Marvell made a good epitaph for him, but <it> would have given offence.

--His uncle, ... Samuel, esq.;

--his son, Mr. ... Samuel, an excellent architect, that has built severall delicate howses (Sir Robert Henley's, Sir Thomas Grosvenor's in Cheshire);

--Sir Thomas Dolman;

--Mr. Roger L'Estrange;

--Dr. John Pell;

--J. A.[1101]

He was wont to say that 'Right reason in contemplation is vertue in action, _et vice versa_. _Vivere secundum naturam_ is to live vertuously, the Divines will not have it so'; and that 'when the Divines would have us be an inch above vertue, we fall an ell belowe it.'

These verses he made, about anno ..., ....

[1102][_Upon[1103] the state of nature._

The state of nature never was so raw, But oakes bore acornes and ther was a law By which the spider and the silkeworme span; Each creature had her birthright, and must man Be illegitimate! have no child's parte! If reason had no wit, how came in arte? ingenium i.e. quoddam ingenitum.]

By Mr. James Harrington, esq., autor _Oceanae_, whose handwriting this is.

[1104]Hic jacet | Jacobus Harrington, armiger | filius maximus natu | Sapcotis Harrington de Rand | in comitatu Lincolniae, equitis aurati | et Janae (matris ejus) filiae | Gulielmi Samuel de Upton in | comitatu Northampton, militis | qui | obiit septimo die Septembris | aetatis suae sexagesimo sexto | anno Domini 1677. | Nec virtutis nec animi dotes | arrha licet aeterni in animam amoris Dei | corruptione eximere queant corpus | Gen. iii. 19 | Pulveris enim es et reverteris | in pulverem |:--

author of the _Oceana_--he lyes buried in the chancell of St. Margarite's Church at Westminster, the next grave to the illustrious Sir Walter Raleigh, under the south side of the altar where the priest stands.

[1105]☞ Pray remember to looke upon Mr. James Harrington's life: upon my alterations there. It was a philosophicall or politicall club, where gentlemen came at night to divert themselves with political discourse, and to see the way of balloting. It began at Miles's coffee-house about the middle of Michaelmas-terme, and was given over upon general Monke's comeing-in.

Sir John Hoskyns, etc., deane Arderne[1106], etc., would not like to have their names seen.

_Notes._

[EN] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 98ᵛ, Aubrey gives the reference 'vide Anthony Wood's _Hist. et Antiq. Oxon._,' and the coat '..., a fret ...'. In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 29ᵛ, he gives the coat for Harrington's marriage, viz.:--'..., a fret ... [Harrington]; impaling, ..., a lion rampant crown'd ... [D'ayrell].'

[EO] The princess Elizabeth, daughter of James I. Sir John Harington, her tutor, was created (July 21, 1603) baron Harington of Exton. He married Anne Kelway, and was grand-uncle to the author of _Oceana_.

[EP] Robert Wood, M.A. (Mert.) 1649, appointed Fellow of Linc. Coll. by the Parliamentary Visitors, Sept. 19, and admitted Oct. 23, 1650; ejected by the King's Commissioners, Aug. 18, 1660.

=Samuel Hartlib= (16..-1670).

In MS. Aubr. 22 (Aubrey's collection of Grammars) is a tract:--

'The true and ready way to learne the Latine tongue,' by Samuel Hartlib, esq., Lond. 1654, with the inscription 'Jo. Aubrey, dedit S. Hartlib, 1654.'

=William Harvey= (1578-1657).

[1107]William Harvey[EQ], M.D., natus at Folkestone in Kent:[1108] borne at the house which is now the post-house, a faire stone-built house, which he gave to Caius College in Cambridge, with some lands there: vide his will. His brother Eliab would have given any money or exchange for it, because 'twas his father's, and they all borne there; but the Doctor (truly) thought his memory would better be preserved this way, for his brother has left noble seates, and about 3000 _li._ per annum, at least.

[1109]Hemsted in Essex towards Audeley End: ibi sepultus Dr. Harvey.

[1110]Quaere Mr. <William> Marshall, the stone-cutter, for the inscription in the church there.

[1111]Quaere Mr. Marshall in Fetterlane for the copie of the inscription on his monument in Essex.

[1112]Dr. W. Harvey: <ask his> epitaph <from> Mr. Marshall.--Quaere Anthony Wood if there is a MS. in bibl. Bodleiana that speakes of the circulation of the bloud: Dr. <Luke> Ridgeley and Dr. Trowtbec can enforme me from Meredith Lloyd.--Memorandum, Mr. Parker tells me that Mr. <John> Oliver, the City surveyor, had his father Marshall's inscriptions and papers; ergo vide there for the Doctor's inscription and also for the inscription of Inigo Jones.

[1113]Dr. William Harvey--ex libro[ER] meo B.

Over Dr. Harvey's picture in the great parlour under the library at the Physitians' College at Amen-corner (burnt):--

Gul. Harveus, an. aetat. 10, in Schola Cantuar. primis doctrinae rudimentis imbutus; 14, Col. Gonvil. et Caii alumnus; 19, peragravit Galliam et Italiam; 23, Patavii praeceptores habuit Eust. Rudium, Tho. Minad., H. Fab. ab Aquapend., Consul Anglor. 16 fit; 24, Doctor Med. et Chirurg. Reversus Lond. praxin exercuit, et uxorem[LXXIX.] duxit; 25, Coll. Med. Socius; 37, Anatom. et Chirurg. Professor; 54, Medicus Regius factus. Scripsit de Motu Sanguinis, et de Gen. Animal. Obiit 30 Jun. MDCLVII. Aetat. 80.

[LXXIX.] ... Smyth.

--(But I well remember that Dr. Alsop, at his funerall, sayd that he was 80, wanting one; and that he was the eldest of 9 brethren.)

He lies buried in a vault at Hempsted in Essex, which his brother Eliab Harvey built; he is lapt in lead, and on his brest in great letters

DR. WILLIAM HARVEY.

I was at his funerall, and helpt to carry him into the vault.

In the library at the Physitians' Colledge was the following inscription above his statue (which was in his doctorall robes):--

GUL. HARVEUS, natus A.D. 1578, Apr. 2. Folkston, in Com. Cantii, primogenitus Thomae Harvei et Joannae Halk: fratres germani, Tho. Jo. Dan. Eliab. Mich. Mat.: sorores, Sarah, Amey.

Under his white marble statue, on the pedestall, thus,

GULIELMO HARVEO, Viro Monumentis suis immortali, Hoc insuper Coll. Med. Lond. Posuit.

Qui enim SANGUIN. MOTUM (ut et ANIMAL. ORTUM) dedit meruit esse STATOR Perpetuus.

[1114]Dr. Harvey added (or was very bountifull in contributing to) a noble building of Roman architecture (of rustique worke, with Corinthian pillasters) at the Physitians' College aforesaid, viz. a great parlour[1115] for the Fellowes to meet in, belowe; and a library, above. On the outside on the freeze, in letters 3 inches long, is this inscription:--

SUASU ET CURA FRAN. PRUJEANI, PRÆSIDIS, ET EDMUNDI SMITH, ELECT., INCHOATA ET PERFECTA EST HÆC FABRICA. AN. MIƆDCLIII.

All these remembrances and building was destroyed by the generall fire.

He was alwayes very contemplative, and the first that I heare of that was curious in anatomie in England. He had made dissections of frogges, toades, and a number of other animals, and had curious observations on them, which papers, together with his goods, in his lodgings at Whitehall, were plundered at the beginning of the Rebellion, he being for the king, and with him at Oxon; but he often sayd, that of all the losses he sustained, no greife was so crucifying to him as the losse of these papers, which for love or money he could never retrive or obtaine. When Charles I[1116] by reason of the tumults left London, he attended him, and was at the fight of Edge-hill with him; and during the fight, the Prince and duke of Yorke were committed to his care: he told me that he withdrew with them under a hedge, and tooke out of his pockett a booke and read; but he had not read very long before a bullet of a great gun grazed on the ground neare him, which made him remove his station. He told me that Sir Adrian Scrope[1117] was dangerously wounded there, and left for dead amongst the dead men, stript; which happened to be the saving of his life. It was cold, cleer weather, and a frost that night; which staunched his bleeding, and about midnight, or some houres after his hurt, he awaked, and was faine to drawe a dead body upon him for warmeth-sake.

After Oxford was surrendred, which was 24 July[1118] 1646, he came to London, and lived with his brother Eliab a rich[1119] merchant in London, on ... hill, opposite to St. Lawrence (Poultry) church[1120], where was then a high leaden steeple (there were but two, viz. this and St. Dunstan's in the East) and at his brother's country house at Roe-hampton.

His brother Eliab bought, about 1654, Cockaine-house, now[1121](1680) the Excise-Office, a noble house, where the Doctor was wont to contemplate on the leads of the house, and had his severall stations, in regard of the sun, or wind.

He did delight to be in the darke, and told me he could then best contemplate. He had a house heretofore at Combe, in Surrey, a good aire and prospect, where he had caves made in the earth, in which in summer time he delighted to meditate.--He was pretty well versed in the Mathematiques, and had made himselfe master of Mr. Oughtred's Clavis Math. in his old age; and I have seen him perusing it, and working problems, not long before he dyed, and that booke was alwayes in his meditating apartment.

His chamber was that roome that is now the office of Elias Ashmole, esq.; where he dyed, being taken with the dead palsye, which tooke away his speech. As soone as he sawe he was attaqued, he presently sent for his brother, and nephews, and gave one a watch, another another thing, etc., as remembrances of him. He dyed worth 20,000 _li._ which he left to his brother Eliab. In his will he left his old friend Mr. Thomas Hobbes 10 _li._ as a token of his love.

_His sayings._--He was wont to say that man was but a great mischievous baboon.

He would say, that we Europaeans knew not how to order or governe our woemen, and that the Turkes were the only people used them wisely.

He was far from bigotry.

He had been physitian to the Lord Chancellor Bacon, whom he esteemed much for his witt and style, but would not allow him to be a great philosopher. 'He writes philosophy like a Lord Chancelor,' said he to me, speaking in derision; 'I have cured him.'

About 1649 he travelled again into Italy, Dr. George (now Sir George) Ent, then accompanying him.

At Oxford, he grew acquainted with Dr. Charles Scarborough, then a young physitian (since by king Charles II knighted), in whose conversation he much delighted; and wheras before, he[1122]marched up and downe with the army, he tooke him to him and made him ly in his chamber, and said to him, 'Prithee leave off thy gunning, and stay here; I will bring thee into practice.'

I remember he kept a pretty young wench to wayte on him, which I guesse he made use of for warmeth-sake as king David did, and tooke care of her in his will, as also of his man servant.

For 20 yeares before he dyed he tooke no manner of care about his worldly concernes, but his brother Eliab, who was a very wise and prudent menager, ordered all not only faithfully, but better then he could have donne himselfe.

He was, as all the rest of the brothers, very cholerique; and in his young days wore a dagger (as the fashion then was, nay I remember my old schoolemaster, old Mr. Latimer, at 70, wore a dudgeon, with a knife, and bodkin, as also my old grandfather Lyte, and alderman Whitson of Bristowe, which I suppose was the common fashion in their young dayes), but this Dr. would be to<o> apt to draw-out his dagger upon every slight occasion[1123].

He was not tall; but of the lowest stature, round faced, olivaster[1124] complexion; little eie, round, very black, full of spirit; his haire was black as a raven, but quite white 20 yeares before he dyed.

I first sawe him at Oxford, 1642, after Edgehill fight, but was then too young to be acquainted with so great a Doctor. I remember he came severall times to Trin.[1125] Coll. to George Bathurst, B.D., who had a hen to hatch egges in his chamber, which they dayly opened to discerne[1126] the progres and way of generation. I had not the honour to be acquainted <with> him[1127] till 1651, being my she cosen Montague's physitian and friend. I was at that time bound for Italy (but to my great griefe disswaded by my mother's importunity). He was very communicative, and willing to instruct any that were modest and respectfull to him. And in order to my journey, gave me, i.e. dictated to me, what to see, what company to keepe, what bookes to read[ES], how to manage my studies: in short, he bid me goe to the fountain head, and read Aristotle, Cicero, Avicenna, and did[1128] call the neoteriques shitt-breeches. He wrote a very bad hand[ET], which (with use) I could pretty well read.

I have heard him say, that after his booke of the Circulation of the Blood[1129]came-out, that he fell mightily in his practize, and that 'twas beleeved by the vulgar that he was crack-brained; and all the physitians were against his opinion, and envyed him; many wrote against him, as Dr. Primige, Paracisanus, etc. (vide Sir George Ent's booke). With much adoe at last, in about 20 or 30 yeares time, it was recieved in all the Universities in the world; and, as Mr. Hobbes sayes in his book 'De Corpore,' _he is the only man, perhaps, that ever lived to see his owne doctrine established in his life time_.

He understood Greek and Latin pretty well, but was no critique, and he wrote very bad Latin. The _Circuitus Sanguinis_ was, as I take it, donne into Latin by Sir George Ent (quaere), as also his booke _de Generatione Animalium_, but a little book in 12ᵐᵒ against Riolani (I thinke), wherein he makes-out his doctrine clearer, was writt by himselfe, and that, as I take it, at Oxford.

His majestie king Charles I gave him the Wardenship of Merton Colledge in Oxford, as a reward for his service, but the times suffered him not to recieve or injoy any benefitt by it.

He was physitian, and a great favorite of the Lord High Marshall of England, Thomas[1130] Howard, earle of Arundel and Surrey, with whom he travelled as his physitian in his ambassade to the Emperor ... at Vienna, Anno Domini 163-. Mr. W. Hollar (who was then one of his excellencie's gentlemen) told me that, in his voyage, he would still be making of excursions into the woods, makeing observations of strange trees, and plants, earths, etc., naturalls, and sometimes like to be lost, so that my Lord Ambassador would be really angry with him, for there was not only danger of thieves, but also of wild beasts.

He was much and often troubled with the gowte, and his way of cure was thus; he would then sitt with his legges bare, if it were frost, on the leads of Cockaine house, putt them into a payle of water, till he was almost dead with cold, and betake himselfe to his stove, and so 'twas gonne.

He was hott-headed, and his thoughts working would many times keepe him from sleepinge; he told me that then his way was to rise out of his bed and walke about his chamber in his shirt till he was pretty coole, i.e. till he began to have a horror, and then returne to bed, and sleepe very comfortably.

I remember he was wont to drinke coffee; which he and his brother Eliab did, before Coffee-houses were in fashion in London.

[1131]All his profession would allowe him to be an excellent anatomist, but I never heard of any that admired his therapeutique way. I knew severall practisers in London[1132] that would not have given 3_d._ for one of his bills; and that a man could hardly tell by one of his bills[1133] what he did aime at.

He did not care for chymistrey, and was wont to speake against them with an undervalue.

It is now fitt, and but just, that I should endeavour to undecieve the world in a scandall that I find strongly runnes of him, which I have mett amongst some learned young men: viz. that he made himselfe a way to putt himselfe out of his paine, by opium; not but that, had he laboured under great paines, he had been readie enough to have donne it; I doe not deny that it was not according to his principles upon certain occasions to ...: but the manner of his dyeing was really, and _bonâ fide_, thus, viz. the morning of his death about 10 a clock, he went to speake, and found he had the dead palsey in his tongue; then he sawe what was to become of him, he knew there was then no hopes of his recovery, so presently sends for his young nephewes to come-up to him, to whom he gives one his watch ('twas a minute watch with which he made his experiments); to another, another remembrance, etc.; made signe to ... Sambroke, his apothecary (in Black-Fryars), to lett him blood in the tongue, which did little or no good; and so he ended his dayes. His practise was not very great towards his later end; he declined it, unlesse to a speciall friend,--e.g. my lady Howland, who had a cancer in her breast, which he did cutt-off and seared, but at last she dyed of it.

He rode on horseback with a foot-cloath to visitt his patients[LXXX.], his man following on foote, as the fashion then was, which was very decent, now quite discontinued. The judges rode also with their foote-cloathes to Westminster-hall, which ended at the death of Sir Robert Hyde, Lord Chief Justice. Anthony earl of Shafton[1134], would have revived, but severall of the judges being old and ill horsemen would not agree to it.

[LXXX.] I have seen him ride in 1654 or 5.

Lettres on naturalls: <quaere> Mr. Samb<roke>.

The scandall aforesaid is from Sir Charles Scarborough's saying that he had, towards his latter end, a preparation of opium and I know not what, which he kept in his study to take, if occasion should serve, to putt him out of his paine, and which Sir Charles promised to give him; this I beleeve to be true; but doe not at all beleeve that he really did give it him. The palsey did give him an easie passe-port.

I remember I have heard him say he wrote a booke _De insectis_, which he had been many yeares about, and had made curious researches and anatomicall observations on them. This booke was lost when his lodgings at Whitehall were plundered in the time of the rebellion. He could never for love nor money retrive them or heare what became of them and sayd _'twas the greatest crucifying to him that ever he had in all his life_.

[1135]Dr. Harvy[EU] told me, and any one if he examines himself will find it to be true, that a man could not fancy--truthfully--that he is imperfect in any part that he has, verbi gratiâ, teeth, eie, tongue, spina dorsi, etc. Natura tends to perfection, and in matters of generation we ought to consult more with our sense and instinct, then our reason, and prudence, fashion of the country, and interest. We see what contemptible[1136] products are of the prudent politiques[1137], weake, fooles, and ricketty children, scandalls to nature and their country. The heralds are fooles[1138]--_tota errant via_. A blessing goes with a marriage for love upon a strong impulse.

[1139]_Sowgelder._ To see, Sir John, how much you are mistaken; he that marries a widdowe makes himself cuckold. Exempli gratia, to speake experimentally and in my trade, if a good bitch is first warded with a curre, let her ever after be warded with a dog of a good straine and yet she will bring curres as at first, her wombe being first infected with a curre. So, the children will be like the first husband (like raysing up children to your brother). So, the adulterer, though a crime in law, the children are like the husband.

_Sir John._ Thou dost talke, me thinks, more understandingly of these matters then any one I have mett with.

_Sowgelder._ Ah! my old friend Dr. Harvey--I knew him right well--he made me sitt by him 2 or 3 hours together discoursing. Why! had he been stiffe, starcht[1140], and retired, as other formall doctors are, he had known no more then they. From the meanest person, in some way, or other, the learnedst man may learn something. Pride has been one of the greatest stoppers[1141] of the advancement of learning.

_Notes._

[EQ] Aubrey gives (MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 64) in trick the coat:--'or, on a chief indented sable 3 crescents argent [Harvey]; quartering ..., 2 bars wavy ..., on a chief ... a lozenge charged with a Maltese cross....'

[ER] i.e. the inscriptions given here are extracted from the lost volume B. of Aubrey's antiquarian collections. July 2, 1674, Aubrey to Wood, in MS. Ballard 14, fol. 103:--'My brother William hath my liber B, wherin is the epitaph etc. of Dr. William Harvey's life.'

[ES] On MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 61, the blank address-side of Francis Potter's letter (of date Dec. 7, 1652) to Aubrey are found Aubrey's jottings of this conversation:--

'Vesalius { Bantinus { Anthocologia J. Riolani.

* * * * *

_de oculo_

* * * * *

Julius Placentinus: _de oculo et auditu_ _de oculo et visione_ Fabricius Aquapendente.

Ad legendos hosce bonos autores cohortatus sum a doctore Gulielmo Harveo.'

[ET] Aubrey has preserved two specimens of this bad hand. MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 77, he marks as 'Dr. Harvey's bill for my purge, Nov. 19, 1655,' and notes 'The recipe is Dr. Harvey's own handwriting.' MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 107, is a prescription addressed for 'Mr. Aubrey, Apr. 23, 1653,' on which Aubrey notes 'This is Dr. William Harvey's owne writing.'

[EU] This passage, and the next, are taken from Aubrey's projected comedy, _The Country Revel_. In all likelihood they are a reminiscence of Harvey's familiar conversation: see p. 300, _supra_.

=John Hawles= (1645-1716).

[1142]'Remarks upon the Tryalls of Edward Fitzharris, Stephen Colledge, count Coningsmark, the lord Russell, col. Sydney, Henry Cornish, and Charles Bateman; as also of Shaftsbury's Grand Jury, Wilmore's _Homine replegiando_, and the award of execution against Sir Thomas Armstrong': by John Hawles, barrister, of Lincoln's Inne: London, 1689.

He was the sonne of Thomas Hawles, esq., and borne at his father's house in the close in Salisbury. He went to school at Winton College, and was a gentleman commoner of Queen's College, Oxon. He is an exceeding ingeniose young gentleman.

=Richard Head= (1637?-1686?).

[1143]From Mr. Bovey:--... Meriton--his true name was Head (Mr. Bovey knew him). Borne ...; was a bookeseller in Little Britaine.

He had been amongst the gipsies. He looked like a knave with his gogling eies. He could transforme[1144] himselfe into <any> shape. Brake 2 or 3 times. Was at last a bookeseller, or towards his later end. He maintained himselfe by scribling. He <got> 20_s._ per sheet. He wrote severall pieces, viz. _The English Rogue_[EV], _The Art of Wheadling_, etc.

He was drowned goeing to Plymouth by long sea about 1676, being about 50 yeares of age.

_Note._

[EV] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 1ᵛ, Anthony Wood notes 'Meriton Latrone in "the English Rogue"; I have it <i.e. the book> in my other study.'--'The English Rogue described in the life of Meriton Latrone,' Lond. 1666.

=James Heath= (1629-1664).

[1145]Quaere of Sir ... Heath in Pumpe Court; quaere capt. Sherburne and J. Davys de hoc.

Ex registro St. Bartholomew the lesse, London, Anno Dom. 1664. 'James Heath, gent., dyed the 16th, and was buryed the 19th of August, consumption and dropsey, in the church neere the skreene dore.'

The clarke here told me that once he had a pretty good estate, but in his later time maintained him selfe much by writing bookes[EW]. He was hardly 40 yeares old when he dyed. He left 4 or 5 children on the parish, now all or most maried. Two were bound apprentices to weavers.

_Note._

[EW] James Heath, ejected by the Parliamentary Visitors (1648) from his Studentship in Christ Church, wrote histories of portions of the Civil War.

=Elize Hele= (15..-1635).

[1146]Lady Hele[1147] in Devon, 800 _li._ per annum--Sir John Maynard.

The lady Hele of Devon gave by her will 800 _li._ per annum to be layd out for charitable uses and by the advice and prudence of serjeant Maynard[1148]. He did order it[1149] according to the best of his understanding, and yet he sayd that he haz lived to see every one of these benefactions abused--quod N. B.

[1150]=Sir Robert Henley= (16..-1680?).

Sir Robert Henley, of Bramswell, Hants, baronet, decubuit[1151], Thursday, about 3ʰ P.M., Feb. 14, Valentine's day. He was taken ill a hunting about noon, I think the Tuesday before. The yeare when, quaere? 1673.

=Edward Herbert=, baron Herbert of Chirbury (1583-1648).

[1152]Edward[EX], lord Herbert of Cherbery--vide memorandum[1153], 1672. Vide 8vo booke by ..., ubi his life, and description of a noble monument designed by him. Vide[1154] lib. B, Montgomery, p. 126.--Severall whispering places in Wales, one here at Montgomery:--<so I am told by> Meredith Lloyd.--Prophetick[1155], America--vide lib. B, Montgomery.

<James> Usher, Lord Primate of Ireland, was sent for by him, when in his death-bed, and he would have received the sacrament. He sayd indifferently of it that 'if there was good in any-thing 'twas in that,' or 'if it did no good 'twould doe no hurt.' The primate refused it, for which many blamed him. He dyed at his house in Queen street, very serenely; asked what was a clock, answer so ...: 'then,' sayd he, 'an houre hence I shall depart.' He then turned his head to the other side and expired. In his will he gave speciall order to have his white stone-horse (which he loved) to be well fed and carefully looked after as long as he lived. He had two libraries, one at London, the other at Montgomery; one[EY] wherof he gave to Jesus College, Oxon.

Vide his mother's, the[1156] ..., funerall sermon, preached at Chelsey by Dr. Donne, wherunto are annexed Latin and Greeke verses by her sonne, George Herbert.

_Verses. Poemes._

Vide more of this lord in Lloyd's State-Worthies, 8vo. 1679.

_Amici_:--John Donne, D.D.; Sir John Danvers, etc.

[1157](August, 1648)--St. Giles-in-the-fields: 'August 5th, buried Edward, lord Herbert, baron of Cherbery.'

Mr. <Thomas> Fludd tells me he had constantly prayers twice a day in his howse, and Sundayes would have his chaplayne read one of Smyth's sermons. Vide Mr. Davys, attorney.

[1158]Sir Edward Herbert, afterward lord Cherbery, etc., dyed at his house, in Queen street, in the parish of St. Giles in the fields, London, and lies interred in the chancell, under the lord Stanhope's inscription.

On a black marble grave-stone thus:

Heic inhumatur corpus Edvardi Herbert, Equitis Balnei, Baronis de Cherbury et Castle-Island. Auctoris Libri cui titulus est _De Veritate_. Reddor ut herbae, Vicessimo die Augusti, Anno Domini 1648.

I have seem him severall times with Sir John Danvers: he was a black man.

Memorandum:--the castle of Montgomery was a most romancy seate. It stood upon a high promontory, the north side 30+ feete high. From hence is a most delightsome prospect, 4 severall wayes. Southwards, without the castle, is _Prim-rose hill_: vide Donne's Poems, p. 53.

[1159]Upon this Prim-rose hill[LXXXI.], Where, if Heaven would distill A showre of raine, each severall drop might goe To his owne prim-rose, and grow manna so; And where their forme and their infinitie Make a terrestriall galaxie, As the small starres doe in the skie; I walke to find a true-love, and I see That 'tis not a meer woman that is shee, But most, or more, or lesse than woman be, etc.

[LXXXI.] In the parke.

In this pleasant solitude did this noble lord enjoy his muse. Here he wrote his _De Veritate_. Dr. Coote (a Cambridge scholar and a learned) was one of his chaplains. Mr. Thomas Masters, of New College, Oxon, lived with him till 1642.

This stately castle was demolished since the late warres at the chardge of the countrey.

_Notes._

[EX] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 95, Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'Party per pale, azure and gules, 3 lions rampant argent' [Herbert of Chirbury]: surmounted by a baron's coronet.

[EY] It was his London library that he gave to Jesus College: so Aubrey, 2 Sept. 1671, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138.

=George Herbert= (1593-1633).

[1160]Mr. George Herbert was kinsman (remote) and chapelaine to Philip, earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, and Lord Chamberlayn. His lordship gave him a benefice[1161] at Bemmarton[LXXXII.] (between Wilton and Salisbury), a pittifull little chappell of ease to Foughelston. The old house was very ruinous. Here he built a very handsome howse for the minister, of brick, and made a good garden and walkes. He lyes in the chancell, under no large, nor yet very good, marble grave-stone, without any inscription.

[LXXXII.] In the records of the Tower it is writt Bymerton.

Scripsit:--Sacred Poems, called _The Church_, printed, Cambridge, 1633; a booke entituled _The Country Parson_, not printed till about 1650, 8vo. He also writt a folio in Latin, which because the parson[LXXXIII.] of Hineham could not read, his widowe (then wife to Sir Robert Cooke) condemned to the uses of good houswifry.

[LXXXIII.] This account I had from Mr. Arnold Cooke, one of Sir Robert Cooke's sonnes, whom I desired to aske his mother-in-lawe[1162] for Mr. G. Herbert's MSS.

He was buryed (according to his owne desire) with the singing service for the buriall of dead, by the singing men of Sarum. Fr<ancis> Sambroke (attorney) then assisted as a chorister boy; my uncle, Thomas Danvers, was at the funerall. Vide in the Register booke at the office when he dyed, for the parish register is lost.

Memorandum:--in the chancell are many apt sentences of the Scripture. At his wive's seate, _My life is hid with Christ in God_, Coloss. iii. 3 (he hath verses on this text in his poëms). Above, in a little windowe blinded, within a veile (ill painted), _Thou art my hideing place_, Psalm xxxii. 7.

He maried Jane, the third daughter of Charles Danvers, of Bayntun, in com. Wilts, esq. but had no issue by her. He was a very fine complexion and consumptive. His mariage, I suppose, hastened his death. My kinswoman was a handsome _bona roba_ and ingeniose.

When he was first maried he lived a yeare or better at Dantesey house. H. Allen, of Dantesey, was well acquainted with him, who has told me that he had a very good hand on the lute, and that he sett his own lyricks or sacred poems. 'Tis an honour to the place, to have had the heavenly and ingeniose contemplation of this good man, who was pious even to prophesie;--e.g.

'Religion now on tip-toe stands, Ready to goe to the American strands.'

[1163]George Herbert:--<ask> cozen Nan Garnet pro <his> picture; if not, her aunt ... Cooke.

=Mary Herbert=, countess of Pembroke (1555-1621).

[1164]Mary[EZ], countesse of Pembroke, was sister to Sir Philip Sydney; maried to Henry, the eldest son of William, earle of Pembroke aforesayd; but this subtile old earle did foresee that his faire and witty daughter-in-lawe would horne his sonne and told him so and advised him to keepe her in the countrey and not to let her frequent the court.

She was a beautifull ladie and had an excellent witt, and had the best breeding that that age could afford. Shee had a pritty sharpe-ovall face. Her haire was of a reddish yellowe.

She was very salacious, and she had a contrivance that in the spring of the yeare[1165] ... the stallions ... were to be brought before such a part of the house, where she had a _vidette_ to look on them.... One of her great gallants was crooke-back't Cecill, earl of Salisbury.

In her time Wilton house was like a College, there were so many learned and ingeniose persons. She was the greatest patronesse of witt and learning of any lady in her time. She was a great chymist and spent yearly a great deale in that study. She kept for her laborator[1166] in the house Adrian Gilbert (vulgarly called Dr. Gilbert), halfe brother to Sir Walter Ralegh, who was a great chymist in those dayes. 'Twas he that made the curious wall about Rowlington-parke, which is the parke that adjoyns to the house at Wilton. Mr. Henry Sanford was the earle's secretary, a good scholar and poet, and who did penne part of the _Arcadia_ dedicated to her (as appeares by the preface). He haz a preface before it with the two letters of his name. 'Tis he that haz verses before Bond's Horace. She also gave an honourable yearly pension to Dr. <Thomas> Mouffett,[1167]who hath writt a booke _De insectis_. Also one ... Boston, a good chymist, a Salisbury man borne, who[1168] did undoe himselfe by studying the philosopher's stone, and she would have kept him but he would have all the gold to him selfe and so dyed I thinke in a goale.

At Wilton is a good library which Mr. Christopher Wase can give you the best account of of any one; which was collected in this learned ladie's time. There is a manuscript very elegantly written, viz. all the Psalmes of David translated by Sir Philip Sydney, curiously bound in crimson velvet. There is a MS. writt by Dame Marian[1169] of hunting and hawking, in English verse, written in King Henry the 8ᵗʰ'ˢ time (quaere Mr. Christopher Wase farther). There is the legier book of Wilton, one page Saxon and the other Latin, which Mr. Dugdale perused.

This curious seate of Wilton and the adjacent countrey is an Arcadian place and a paradise. Sir Philip Sydney was much here, and there was[1170] ... great love between him and his faire sister ... I have heard old gentlemen (old Sir Walter Long of Dracot and old Mr. Tyndale) say ... The first Philip, earle of Pembroke, ... inherited not the witt of either the brother or sister.

This countesse, after her lord's death, maried[LXXXIV.] to Sir Matthew Lister[LXXXV.], knight, one of the Colledge of Physitians, London. He was (they say) a learned and a handsome gentleman. She built then a curious house in Bedfordshire called Houghton Lodge neer Ampthill. The architects were sent for from Italie. It is built according to the description of Basilius's house in the first booke of the _Arcadia_ (which is dedicated to her). It is most pleasantly situated and hath fower visto's, each prospect 25 or 30 miles. This was sold to the earle of Elgin for ... _li._ The house did cost 10,000 _li._ the building.

[LXXXIV.] Jack Markham saies they were not <married>.

[LXXXV.] He dyed 1644 or 1645.

I thinke she was buryed in the vault in the choire at Salisbury, by Henry, earl of Pembroke, her first husband: but there is no memoriall of her, nor of any of the rest, except some penons and scutcheons.

[1171]An epitaph on the lady Mary, countesse of Pembroke (in print somewhere), by William Browne, who wrote the _Pastoralls_, whom William, earle of Pembroke, preferr'd to be tutor to the first earle of Carnarvon (<Robert> Dormer), which was worth to him 5 or 6000 _li._, i.e. he bought 300 _li._ per annum land--from old Jack Markham--

Underneath this sable hearse Lies the subject of all verse: Sydney's sister, Pembroke's mother. Death! er'st thou shalt kill[1172] such another Fair and good and learn'd as shee, Time will throw a[1173] dart at thee.

_Note._

[EZ] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'parted per pale azure and gules, 3 lions rampant argent [Herbert]; impaling, <or>, a pheon <azure> [Sydney].'

=Richard Herbert= (15..-1596).

[1174](Ex libro B, p. 126):--In a buriall-place in the church at Montgomery (belonging to the castle) is a great out-started monument of Richard Herbert, esq. (father to the learned lord Herbert of Cherbery, and Mr. George Herbert, who wrote the sacred poëms), where are the effigies of him and Magdalene his wife, who afterwards was maried to Sir John Danvers of Wilts, and lies interred at Chelsey church but without any monument. Dr. Donne, dean of St. Paul's, preached her funerall sermon, to which are annexed severall verses, Latin and Greeke, by Mr. George Herbert, in memorie of her. She was buryed, as appeares by the sermon, July 1, 1627.

In Sepulchrum Richardi Herberti, armigeri, et Magdalenae uxoris ejus, hendecasyllaba. Quid virtus, pietas, amorve recti, Tunc cum vita fugit, juvare possunt? In coelo relevent perenne nomen, Hoc saxum doceat, duos recludens Quos uno thalamo fideque junctos Heic unus tumulus lapisve signat. Jam longum sape, Lector, et valeto, Aeternum venerans ubique nomen.

[1175]In Brecknockshire, about 3 miles from Brecknock, is a village called Penkelly (Anglicè _Hasel-wood_), where is a little castle. It is an ancient seate of the Herberts. Mr. Herbert, of this place, came, by the mother's side, of Ŵgan. The lord Cherbery's ancestor came by the second venter, who was a miller's daughter. The greatest part of the estate was settled on the issue by the 2d venter, viz. Montgomery castle, and Aberystwith. Upon this match with the miller's daughter are to this day recited, or sung, by the Welsh, these verses: viz.:--

Ô gway vinney (dhyw) râg wilidh Vôd vinhad yn velinidh A' vôd vy mam yn velinidhes A' môd inney yn arglwydhes.

To this sence[FA]:--

O God! Woe is me miserable, my father was a miller, and my mother a milleresse, and I am now a ladie.

_Note._

[FA] A more exact rendering is:--

'O woe is me (God) for shame, That my father is a miller And that my mother is a miller's wife, And that _I_ am a peeress.'

=William Herbert=, 1st earl of Pembroke (1507-1570).

[1176]William[FB], earle of Pembroke, the first earle of that family, was borne (I thinke I have heard my cosen Whitney say) in ... in Monmouthshire. Herbert, of Colbrooke in Monmouthshire, is of that family.

He was (as I take it) a younger brother, a mad fighting young fellow. 'Tis certaine he was a servant to the house of Worcester, and wore their blew-coate and badge. My cosen Whitney's great aunt gave him a golden angell[1177] when he went to London. One time being at Bristowe, he was arrested, and killed one of the sheriffes of the city. He made his escape through Back-street, through the (then great) gate, into the Marsh, and gott into France.

Memorandum:--upon this action of killing the sheriffe, the city ordered the gate to be walled-up, and only a little posterne gate or dore, with a turnestile for a foot-passenger, which continued so till Bristowe was a garrison for the king, and the great gate was then opened, in 1644, or 1645. When I was a boy there, living with my father's mother, who was maried to alderman John Whitson[LXXXVI.] (who was my god-father), the story was as fresh as but of yesterday. He was called _black Will Herbert_.

[LXXXVI.] He was the greatest benefactor to the city that haz been since the Reformacion. He gave 500 _li._ per annum at least to the city to maintain ... blew-coates, boies and maydes. He dyed about 1629; vide register.

In France he betooke himself into the army, where he shewd so much courage, and readinesse of witt in conduct, that in short time he became eminent, and was favoured by <Francis I> the king, who afterwards recommended him to Henry the VIII of England, who much valued him, and heaped favours and honours upon him.

Upon the dissolution of the abbeys, he gave him the abbey of Wilton, and a _country_ of lands and mannours thereabout belonging to it. He gave him also the abbey of Remesbury in Wilts, with much lands belonging to it. He gave him Cardiff-Castle in Glamorganshire, with the ancient crowne-lands belonging to it.

Almost all the country held of this castle. It was built by Sir Robert Fitzhamond the Norman, who lies buried at Tewkesbury abbey with a memorial: and he built the abbey of Glocester. It afterwards came to Jasper, duke of Bedford, etc.; so to the crowne. I have seen severall writings of Sir John Aubrey's at Llantrithid in Glamorganshire, which beginne[1178] thus:--'Ego Jaspar, frater regum et patruus, dux Bedfordiae, comes Pembrochiae, et dominus de Glamorgan et Morgannog, omnibus ad quos hoc presens scriptum pervenerit, salutem, etc.'

He maried <Anne> Par, sister of queen Katharine Par, daughter and co-heire of <Thomas> Par (I thinke[FC], marquisse of Northampton), by whom he had 2 sonnes, Henry, earle of Pembroke, and <Edward> the ancestor of the lord Powys.

He was made Privy Councellor and conservator of King Henry the Eight's[1179]will. He could neither write nor read, but had a stamp for his name. He was of good naturall parts; but very cholerique. He was strong sett but bony, reddish-favoured, of a sharp eie[1180], sterne looke.

In queen Mary's time, upon the returne of the Catholique religion, the nunnes came again to Wilton abbey, and this William, earl of Pembroke, came to the gate (which lookes towards the court by the street, but now is walled-up) with his cappe in hand, and fell upon his knee to the lady abbesse[LXXXVII.] and the nunnes, crying peccavi. Upon queen Mary's death, the earle came to Wilton (like a tygre) and turnd them out, crying, 'Out ye whores, to worke, to worke, ye whores, goe spinne.'

[LXXXVII.] The last lady abbesse here was ... Gawen, of Norrington, belonging to Chalke, where that family haz been 400 yeares (sold about 1665 to Judge Wadham Windham).

He being a stranger in our country, and an upstart, was much envyed. And in those dayes (of sword and buckler), noblemen (and also great knights, as the _Longs_), when they went to the assizes or sessions at Salisbury, etc., had a great number of retainers following them; and there were (you have heard), in those dayes, feudes (i.e. quarrells and animosities) between great neighbours. Particularly this new earle was much envyed by the then lord Sturton of Sturton[FD], who would, when he went or returned from Sarum (by Wilton was his rode), sound his trumpetts, and give reproachfull challenging words; 'twas a relique of knighthood errantry.

From my great-uncles, the Brownes of Broad Chalke:--in queen Elizabeth's time, some bishop (I have forgot who) that had been his chaplain, was sent to him from the queen and council, to take interrogatories of him. So he takes out his pen and inke, examines and writes. When he had writt a good deale, sayd the earle, 'Now lett me see it.' 'Why,' qᵈ the bishop, 'your lordship cannot read it?' 'That's all one: I'le see it,' qᵈ he, and takes it and teares it to pieces: 'Zounds, you rascall,' qᵈ he, 'd'ee thinke I will have my throate cutt with a penknife?' It seemes they had a mind to have pick't a hole in his coate, and to have gott his estate.

'Tis reported that he caused himself to be lett bloud, and bled so much that it was his death, and that he should say as he was expiring, 'They would have Wilton--they would have Wilton,' and so gave up the ghost.

Memorandum:--this William (the founder of this family) had a little cur-dog which loved him, and the earl loved the dog. When the earle dyed the dog would not goe from his master's dead body, but pined away, and dyed under the hearse; the picture of which dog is under his picture, in the Gallery at Wilton. Which putts me in[1181]mind of a parallell storie in Appian (Syrian Warr):--Lysimachus being slaine, a dog that loved him stayed a long time by the body and defended it from birds and beasts till such time as Thorax, king of Pharsalia, finding it out gave it buriall. And I thinke there is such another story in Pliny: vide.

He was buried in ... of St. Paule's, London, where he had a magnificent monument, which is described, with the epitaph, by Sir William Dugdale, which vide.

[1182]This present earl of Pembroke (1680) has at Wilton 52 mastives and 30 grey-hounds, some beares, and a lyon, and a matter of 60 fellowes more bestiall than they.

_Notes._

[FB] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'party per pale azure and gules, 3 lions rampant argent [Herbert]; impaling, argent, 2 bars azure within a bordure engrailed sable [Parre],' surmounted by an earl's coronet.

[FC] In error. It was Sir Thomas Parre's son William (brother of this Anne, countess of Pembroke) who was created marquess of Northampton in 1546/7.

[FD] Charles Stourton, succeeded as 7th baron in 1548; executed for murder in 1557.

=William Herbert=, 3rd earl of Pembroke (1580-1630).

[1183]William, earl of Pembroke, Chancellor of the University of Oxford, natus anno MDLXXX, viii Apr.; obiit anno MDCXXX, x Calend. Apr.[1184]--His death fell out according to prediction. He dyed a bed of an apoplexie.

[1185]Wilhelmus, comes Pembrochiae, Cancellarius Univ.

Oxon., natus anno MDLXXX, viii Apr.; obiit anno MDCXXX, x Calend. Apr.--His nativity was calculated by old Mr. Thomas Allen: his death was foretold, which happened true at the time foretold. Being well in health, he made a feast; ate and dranke plentifully; went to bed; and found dead in the morning.

[1186]William, earle of Pembroke, Lord Chamberlain, and Chancellor of the University of Oxford:--

'Natus Anno MDLXXX, viii Apr. Obiit Anno MDCXXX, x Calend. Apr.'--

I find this under his engraved picture.

* * * * *

He dyed of an apoplexy, and it fell-out right according to prediction, because of which he made a great supper, and went to his bed well, but dyed in his sleep.

He was a most magnificent and brave peer, and loved learned men. He was a poet. There is a little booke in 12mo or 16mo which containes his wife's and Sir Benjamin Rudyer's who was his friend and contemporary.

=John Heydon= (1629-166..).

[1187]From Elias Ashmole, esqʳᵉ, scilicet that he[1188] had the booke called _The way to blisse_ from his adoptive father Backhowse[1189] at Swallowfield in com. Berks., a MSS. writt in queen Elizabeth's time, hand and stile ἀνονυμῶς.

Mr. ... Heyden maried Nicholas Culpepper's widdowe, and lights there[1190] on the aforesayd MSS., and prints a booke with a great deale of _The way to blisse_ word for word and verses that are printed in the commendation of other bookes; and instead of such and such old philosophers[1191] putts downe John Bowker and William Lilly which they never heard of: and is so impudent in one of his bookes since as to say Mr. Ashmole borrowed of him.

=Peter Heylyn= (1599-1662).

[1192]Dr. Heylin was buried in the choire neer his own [subdean's[1193]] stall, May the 10th 1662[1194], but his inscription is on the wall of the north aisle.

[1195]<Aubrey gives a copy of the inscription, noting, on the line 'posuit hoc illi moestissima conjux':--> who, about a year after, fell in love with a lifeguardman that I know, whom she had maried (aetat. 23), had not cruel death quench't that amorous flame.

Il port 'sable, 3 horse-heads erased argent.'

=Nicholas Hill= (1570?-1610).

[1196]Mr. Nicholas Hill:--This Nicholas Hill was one of the most learned men of his time: a great mathematician and philosopher and traveller, and a poet[1197]. His writings had the usuall fate of those not printed in the author's life-time. He was so eminent for knowledge, that he was the favourite of ...[LXXXVIII.] the great earle of Oxford, who had him to accompanie him in his travells (he was his steward), which were so splendid and sumptuous, that he kept at Florence a greater court then the Great Duke. This earle spent in that ... of travelling, the inheritance of ten or twelve thousand pounds per annum.

[LXXXVIII.] 'Twas that earle of Oxford that lett the f-- before queen Elizabeth: wherupon he travelled. Vide Stowe de hoc, in Elizabeth about the end.

Old Serjeant Hoskins (the poet, grandfather to this Sir John Hoskins, baronet, my honᵈ friend) knew him (was[1198] well acquainted with him), by which meanes I have this tradicion which otherwise had been lost; as also his very name, but only for these verses[FE] in Ben Johnson's 2d volumine, viz.:--

* * * * * * * * * *

I fancy that his picture, i.e. head, is at the end of the Long Gallery of Pictures at Wilton[LXXXIX.], which is the most philosophicall aspect that I have seen, very much of Mr. T. Hobbes of Malmesbury, but rather _more antique_. 'Tis pitty that in noblemen's galleries, the names are not writt on, or behind, the pictures.

[LXXXIX.] Philip, earl of Montgomery, Lord Chamberleyn, maried <Susan> the daughter of <Edward Vere, 17th> earle of Oxford, by whom he had his issue.

He writt 'Philosophia Epicureo-Democritiana, simpliciter proposita, non edocta': printed at Colen, in 8vo or 12mo: Sir John Hoskins hath it.

Thomas Henshawe, of Kensington, esq., R. Soc. Soc., hath a treatise of his in manuscript, which he will not print, viz. 'Of the Essence of God, &c. Light.' It is mighty paradoxicall:--_That there is a God_; What he is, in 10 or 12 articles: _Of the Immortality of the Soule_, which he does demonstrate παντουσία and ὀντουσία.

[Fabian Philips, the cursiter, remembers him[1199].]

He was, as appeares by A. Wood's _Historie_, of St. John's Colledge in Oxford, where he mentions him to be a great Lullianist.

In his travells with his lord, (I forget whither Italy or Germany, but I thinke the former) a poor man begged him to give him _a penny_. 'A penny!' said Mr. Hill, 'what dost say to ten pound?' 'Ah! ten pound!' (said the beggar) 'that would make a man happy.' N. Hill gave him immediately 10 _li._ and putt it downe upon account,--'Item, to a beggar ten pounds, to make him happy.'

[1200]He printed 'Philosophia Epicurea Democritiana,' dedicated 'filiolo Laurentio.'--There was one Laurence Hill that did belong to the queen's court, that was hangd with[1201] Green and Berry about Sir Edmund-Berry Godfrey. According to age, it might be this man, but we cannot be certain.

[1202]Mr. Thomas Henshaw bought of Nicholas Hill's widow, in Bow lane, some of his bookes; among which is a manuscript _de infinitate et aeternitate mundi_. He finds by his writings that he was (or leaning) a Roman Catholique. Mr. Henshaw believes he dyed about 1610: he dyed an old man. He flourished in queen Elizabeth's time. I will search the register of Bowe.

[1203]I have searched the register of Bow, ubi non inventus Nicolas Hill.

[1204]Vide tom. 1 of Ben: Johnson's workes, pag. 48, epigram CXXXIV, title 'The famous voyage'....

Here sev'rall ghosts did flitt, About the shore, of ..., but late departed; White, black, blew, greene; and in more formes out-started Than all those _Atomi_ ridiculous Wherof old Democrite and Hill Nicholas, One sayd, the other swore, the world consists.

_Note._

[FE] Aubrey was most anxious to have these verses inserted, three times directing Anthony Wood to do so. MS. Aubr. 8, a slip at fol. 4:--'Past on Nicholas Hill, in his proper place in part 1st' <i.e. MS. Aubr. 6>, but no copy of the verses is there given. MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7:--'Insert B. Johnson's verses of Nicholas Hill.' MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 351ᵛ: 13 Jan. 1680/1:--'B. Johnson speakes of N. Hill in his "Voyage to Holbourne from Puddle-dock in a ferry boate.

A dock there is ... called _Avernus_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . concern us."'

=Thomas Hobbes= (1588-1679).

<This, the most elaborate of these 'Brief Lives,' occupies by itself MS. Aubr. 9. For the letters introductory to it, see _supra_, pp. 17-20.

The various papers of which the MS. is composed are bound up confusedly, and the separate notes are in some cases entered on a page, or a page and its opposite, in no order. Considerable re-arrangement has therefore been necessary; but the exact MS. references have been given throughout. Some few notes relating to Hobbes, found in other Aubrey MSS., have here been brought into their natural place.>

[1205]The Life of Mr. Thomas Hobbes, of Malmesburie[1206].

<_Introduction._>

The writers[1207] of the lives of the ancient philosophers used to, in the first place, to speake of their lineage[1208]; and they tell us that in processe of time severall great[1209] families accounted it their glory to be branched[1210] from such or such a _Sapiens_.

Why now should that method be omitted in this _Historiola_ of our Malmesbury philosopher? Who though but[1211] of plebeian descent[1212], his renowne haz and will give brightnesse to his name and familie, which hereafter may arise glorious and flourish in riches and may justly take it an honour to be of kin to this worthy person, so famous, for his learning[1213], both at home and abroad.

<_Pedigree._>

[1214]... Hobbes, _m._ ... | +------------+-------+ | | 1. Francis Hobbes, 2. Thomas Hobbes, _m._ ... Middleton, of Brokenborough obiit sine prole. vicar of Westport. | (vide Camden[1215]). | +----------------------------+-----+--------------------+ | | | 1. Edmund Hobbes, _m._ ... 2. Thomas Hobbes, ..., a daughter, _m._ ... | philosophus, obiit | coelebs Dec. 4, 1679. | +--------------+--------------+----------------------------+ | | | 1. Mary, _m._ ... Tirell. 2. Eleanor, _m._ ... Harding. Francis _m._ ... | | Hobbes, | | +------------------------+-----------------------+------++-----+ | | | | | 1. Thomas, a clothier, 2. <Edmund>. When a child about 23, 1679. his genius lyes to drawing. He can engrave and something resembles the philosopher. I have a lyon of his engraving.

This heraldique way of expressing a genealogie is most intelligible and makes the best impresse in the memory or fancy; but[1216] will it not be thought here to<o> pompous and affected by his enemies and the nation of critiques? _Prescribe Trebate._

My brother[1217] W. A. will set all this right[FF].

<_His father._>

[1218]Thomas Hobbes[FG], then, whose life I write, was second son of Mr. Thomas Hobbes, vicar of Westport juxta Malmesbury, who maried ... Middleton of Brokinborough (a yeomanly family).[1219]He was also vicar of Charlton (a mile hence): they are annexed, and are both worth 60 or 80_li._ per annum.--[1220]Memorandum, Brokenborough also is appendant to Charlton vicaridge--160_li._ per annum--from Philip Laurence, whose father-in-law was vicar. [[1221]The vicaridge of Malmesbury is but XX nobles per annum = 6_li._ 13_s._ 4_d._; but Coston and Radbourne belongs to it, which addition is equal to 50 or 60_li._ per annum.]

[1222]Thomas, the father[1223], was one of the ignorant 'Sir Johns[1224]' of queen Elizabeth's time; could[1225] only read the prayers of the church and the homilies; and disesteemed[1226] learning (his son Edmund told me so), as not knowing the sweetnes of it.

[1227]As to his father's ignorance and clownery, 'twas as good metall in the oare which wants excoriating and refineing. A witt requires much cultivation, much paines, and art and good conversation to perfect a man.

<_His father's brother._>

[1228]He[1229] had an elder brother[FH] whose name was Francis, a wealthy man, and had been alderman[XC.] of the borough; by profession a glover[XCI.], which is a great trade here[XCII.], and in times past much greater. Having no[1230]child, he contributed much to, or rather altogether maintained, his nephew Thomas at Magdalen hall in Oxon; and when he dyed gave him an _agellum_ (a moweing-ground[1231]) called the Gasten-ground, lyeing neer to the horse-faire, worth 16 or 18 poundes per annum; the rest of his landes he gave to his nephew Edmund.

[XC.] 'Alderman' is the title of the chiefe magistrate here. Alderman and ...; vide; quaere Sir J<ames> Long.

[XCI.] Shall I expresse or conceale this (_glover_)? The philosopher would acknowledge it.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29ᵛ.

[XCII.] Malmesbury famous for good gloves.

[1232]At Sherston about 3 miles hence (vide map) are groundes likewise called the Gasten-grounds--perhaps 'tis Garston grounds. At Sherston was heretofore a castle, and perhaps (and quaere) if these grounds are not where the _vallum_ or bulwarkes might be drawne. _Gaer_, Britannicè, signifies some such thing, vide Dr. Davys' British Dictionary.

In Hexham's Dutch dictionary _Gast_ signifies 'a guest'; so that _Gasten-ground_ will be 'the ground for the guests'; probably to putt the horses of the guests (that came to lye at the abbey) to grasse. They speake broad in our countrey, and do pronounce guest, _gast_, etc. Monasterys had their guest-halls; and it should seeme they had likewise their guest-grounds for the strangers' horses: as here.

<_His brother and sister._>

[1233]Thomas, the vicar of Westport, maried ... Middleton[FI] of Brokenborough[XCIII.] (of a yeomanly family), by whom he had two sonnes and one daughter (quaere my brother William Aubrey)--Edmund, his eldest (was bred-up to[1234] his uncle's profession of a glover); and Thomas (philosopher), second son, whose life I now write. Edmund was neer[1235] two yeares elder then his brother Thomas, and something resembled him in aspect[1236], not so tall, but fell much short of him in his intellect, though he was a good plain understanding countrey-man[1237]. He had been bred at schoole with his brother; could have made theme, and verse, and understood a little Greek to his dyeing day. He dyed (quaere William Aubrey) about 13 yeares since, aetat. circiter 80.

[XCIII.] Brokenbrig: vide Camden.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30ᵛ.

<_His nephews and nieces._>

This Edmund had only one son named Francis, and two daughters maried to countreymen (renters) in the neighborhood. This Francis pretty well resembled his uncle Thomas, especially about the eie; and probably had he had good education might have been ingeniose; but he drowned his witt[1238] in ale[XCIV.]. He was left by his father and uncle Thomas, 80 _li._ (quaere W. A.) or better per annum, but he was an ill husband. He dyed about two yeares after his father, and left five children.--His eldest son is Thomas, a clothier, now about 23, living at[XCV.] ... (quaere W. A.[1239]). The second, <Edmund>, lives at ...[XCVI.], and has some lines of Thomas the philosopher. When he was a child[1240], his genius inclined him to ([1241]quaere W. A.) draweing[1242] and engraving in copper. He is now about 21.

[XCIV.] This part much given to drunkennes.

[XCV.] He did live at Tedbury.

[XCVI.] Did live at Chippenham.

<_Description of Malmsbury._>

<As may be seen from his intended preface (_supra_, p. 19) Aubrey thought of beginning the life of Hobbes with an account of Malmsbury.

For this purpose in MS. Aubr. 9 he has drawn three plans[1243]:--

(a) plan of environs of Malmsbury (a slip at fol. 31ᵛ).

(b) plan of Malmsbury (fol. 31ᵛ).

(c) a drawing of the house in which Hobbes was born (fol. 31ᵛ). These are reproduced in facsimile at the end of this edition.

He gives there (fol. 31ᵛ) these dimensions of the town:--'From St. John's Bridge <south limit of the town> to the abbey <north> is about a quarter of a mile; and from the same bridge to Westport church <west limit> is neer about a mile. Height of the borough from the levill belowe is about 100 foot high.'

The references on the plan of Malmsbury (see the facsimile) are:--

'α = the house of his birth. ω = Westport church. W = the West port (_olim_). β = the smyth's shop. δ = the private house where Mr. Latimer taught him. ξ = Three Tunnes (as I take it), opposite to the smyth's shop. [Illustration] = the religious <house> dedicated to Our Lady: the chapell is yet standing. H = <Hobbes's> house at the upper <end> faces the Horse fayre. [Illustration] = quaere if not a chapell here?'

On fol. 31ᵛ of MS. Aubr. 9, Aubrey has these remarks about these plans, etc.:--

'If these notes are not now inserted, probably they will be lost: or should it not be a marginall commentary?'

'I have drawne this rude sketch meerly for your clearer understanding, not that I think it worth while to grave it for 'tis at randome. I intended if it had pleased God that I had prospered in the world to have had taken an exact map[1244] of Malmesbury.'

'Whitechurch, about a mile ferè off:--quaere ubi stat?' 'Vide Speed's mappe in Wiltshire.'

'Burnevall, quasi Bournevall.'>

<_Description of Westport._>

[1245]Westport[FJ] is the parish without the west-gate (which is now demolished), which gate stood on the neck of land that joines Malmesbury (vide verses[FK]) to Westport. Here[FL] was, before the late warres, a very pretty church, consisting of 3 aisles, or rather a nave and two aisles (which tooke up the whole area[1246]), dedicated to St. Mary; and a fair spire-steeple, with five tuneable bells, which, when the towne was taken (about 1644; quaere William Aubrey) by Sir W. Waller, were converted[1247] into ordinance, and the church pulled-downe to the ground, that the enemie might not shelter themselves against the garrison. The steeple was higher then that now standing in the borough, which much added to[1248] the prospect. The windowes were well painted, and in them were inscriptions that declared much antiquitie; now is here rebuilt a church like a stable.

<_Place and date of his birth._>

Thomas Hobbes, Malmesburiensis, Philosophus, was borne at his father's house in Westport, being that extreme howse that pointes into, or[1249] faces, the Horse-fayre; the farthest howse on the left hand as you goe to Tedbury, leaving the church on your right. To prevent mistakes, and that hereafter may rise no doubt[1250] what house was famous for this famous man's birth; I doe here testifie that in April, 1659, his brother Edmond went with me into this house, and into the chamber where he was borne. Now things begin to be antiquated, and I have heard some guesse it might be at the howse where his brother Edmund lived and dyed. But this is so, as I here[1251] deliver it. This house was given by Thomas, the vicar, to his daughter[XCVII.] ... whose daughter or granddaughter possessed[1252] it, when I was there.[1253]It is a firme house, stone-built and tiled, of one roome (besides[1254] a buttery, or the like, within) below, and two chambers above. 'Twas in the innermost where he first drew breath.

[XCVII.] Quaere William Aubrey if ... Potluck[1255].

The day of his birth was April the fifth, Anno Domini 1588, on a Fryday morning, which that yeare was Good Fryday. His mother fell in labour with him upon the fright of the invasion of the Spaniards--

[[1256]Fama[1257] ferebat enim, sparsitque per oppida nostra Extremum genti classe venire diem; Atque metum tantum concepit tunc mea mater Ut pareret geminos meque metumque simul.]

--[1258]he told me himself between the houres of four and six: but by rectification his nativity is found to be at ...[XCVIII.].

[XCVIII.] See my collection of genitures[FM], where I have it more exact from his owne mouth, viz. 5 h. 2´ mane.

His horoscope[FN] is Taurus, having in it a _satellitium_ of 5 of the 7 planets. It is a maxime in astrologie--vide Ptol. Centil.--that a native that hath a _satellitium_ in his ascendent becomes[1259] more eminent in his life then ordinary[1260], e.g. divers which see in Origanus, etc., and Oliver Cromwell had so, etc.

<_His school and college life._>

At four yeares old[FO] he went to schoole in Westport church, till eight; by that time[1261] he could read well, and number four figures. Afterwards he went to schoole to Malmesbury, to Mr. Evans, the minister of the towne; and afterwards to Mr. Robert Latimer, a young man of about nineteen or twenty, newly come from the University, who then kept a private schoole in Westport, where the broad place (quaere nomen) is, next dore north from the smyth's shop, opposite to the Three Cuppes[1262] (as I take it). He was a batchelour and delighted in his scholar, T. H.'s company, and used to instruct him, and two or three ingeniose youths more, in the evening till nine a clock. Here T. H. so well profited in his learning, that at fourteen yeares of age, he went away a good schoole-scholar to Magdalen-hall, in Oxford. It is not to be forgotten, that before he went to the University, he had turned Euripidis Medea[1263] out of Greeke into Latin Iambiques, which he presented to his master. Mr. H. told me that he would faine have had them, to have seen how he did grow in.... Twenty odde[1264] yeares agoe I searcht all old Mr. Latimer's papers, but could not find them; the[1265] good huswives had sacrificed them.

I have heard his brother Edmund and Mr. Wayte (his schoolefellowe) say that when he was a boy he was playsome enough, but withall he had even then a contemplative melancholinesse; he would gett him into a corner, and learne his lesson by heart presently. His haire was black, and his schoolfellows[1266] were wont to call him 'Crowe.'

This Mr. Latimer was a good Graecian, and the first that came into our parts hereabout since the Reformation. He was afterwards minister of Malmesbury, and from thence preferred to a better living of 100 _li._ per annum, or +, at Leigh-de-la-mere within this hundred.

At Oxford Mr. T. H. used, in the summer time especially, to rise very early in the morning, and would tye the leaden-counters (which they used in those dayes at Christmas, at post and payre) with pacthreds[1267], which he did besmere with[1268] birdlime, and bayte them with parings of cheese, and the jack-dawes would spye them a vast distance up in the aire[XCIX.] and as far as Osney-abbey, and strike at the bayte, and so be harled in the string, which the wayte of the counter would make cling about ther wings. He did not much care for logick, yet he learnd it, and thought himselfe a good disputant. He tooke great delight there to goe to the[1269] booke-binders' shops, and lye gaping on mappes, of which he takes notice in his life written by himselfe in verse:

[XCIX.] This story he happened to tell me, discoursing of the Optiques, to instance such sharpnes of sight in so little an eie.

Ergo ad amoena magis me verto, librosque revolvo, Quos prius edoctus, non bene doctus eram.[1270] Pascebamque animum chartis imitantibus orbem, Telluris faciem, et sydera picta videns, Gaudebam soli comes ire, et cernere cunctis Terricolis justos qua facit arte dies; etc.

[1271]Quaere A<nthony> W<ood> what moneth and day he was matriculated?

[He[1272] came[1273] to Magdalen hall in the beginning of an. 1603, at what time, Dr. James Hussee, LL.D., was principall. This James Hussee was afterwards knighted by king James and was made Chancellour of Sarum. This Dr. Hussee was a great encourager of towardly youths. But he resigning his principallity about 1605, Mr. John Wilkinson succeeded him: so that Mr. Hobs was under the government of two principalls.[FP]--Thomas Hobs was admitted to the reading of any book of logic ('ad[1274] lectionem cujuslibet libri logices'), that is, he was admitted to the degree of Bachelaur of Arts, 5 Feb., 1607[1275], and in the Lent that then began did determine[1276], that is, did his exercise for the completion of that degree. Vide _Hist. <et Antiq. Univ.> Oxon._, lib. 2, pag. 376 a.]

<_Enters the earl of Devonshire's service._>

[1277]After he had taken his batchelor of Arts degree (quaere A. Wood de hoc), the than principall of Magdalen-hall (Sir James Hussey[1278]) recommended him to his yong lord when he left Oxon, who had a conceit[1279] that he should profitt more in his learning if he had a scholar of his owne age to wayte on him then if he had the information of a grave doctor. He was his lordship's page, and rode a hunting and hawking with him, and kept his privy-purse.

By this way of life he had almost forgott his Latin; vide Latin verses. He therefore[1280] bought him bookes of an Amsterdam print that he might carry in his pocket (particularly Caesar's Commentarys), which he did read in the lobbey, or ante-chamber, whilest his lord was making his visits.

<_Is servant to Francis Bacon._>

The Lord Chancellour Bacon loved to converse[C.] with him. He assisted his lordship in translating severall of his Essayes into Latin, one, I well remember, is[1281] that _Of the Greatnes of Cities_: the rest I have forgott. His lordship was a very contemplative person, and was wont to contemplate in his delicious walkes at Gorambery[FQ], and dictate to Mr. Thomas Bushell, or some other of his gentlemen, that attended him with inke and paper ready to sett downe presently his thoughts. His lordship would often say that he better liked Mr. Hobbes's taking his thoughts[1282], then any of the other, because he understood what he wrote, which the others not understanding, my Lord[1283] would many times have a hard taske to make sense of what they writt.

[C.] This, I beleeve, was after his first lord's death[1284].

It is to be remembred that about these times, Mr. T. H. was much addicted to musique, and practised on the base-violl.

<_Visits his native county, Wiltshire._>

1634: this summer--I remember 'twas in venison season[1285] (July or August)--Mr. T. H. came into his native country[1286] to visitt his friends, and amongst others he came then to see his old school-master, Mr. Robert Latimer[CI.], at Leigh-de-la-mer, where I was then at schoole[CII.] in the church[1287], newly entred into my grammar by him. Here was the first place and time that ever I had the honour to see this worthy, learned man, who was then pleased to take notice of me, and the next day visited[1288] my relations[1289]. He was then a proper man, briske, and in very good habit[1290]. His hayre was then quite black[1291]. He stayed at Malmsbury and in the neighborhood a weeke or better. 'Twas the last time that ever he was in Wiltshire.

[CI.] Robert Latimer obiit November 2, 1634; sed hoc nihil ad rhombum.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 35ᵛ.

[CII.] I had then a fine little horse and commonly rode--(but this is impertinent)--i.e. I was not a vulgar boy and carried not a satchell at my back.--Sed hoc inter nos.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31.

[1292]His conversation about those times was much about Ben: Jonson, Mr. Ayton, etc.

<_His mathematical studies._>

[1293]He was (vide his life) 40 yeares[1294] old before he looked on geometry; which happened accidentally. Being in a gentleman's library in ..., Euclid's Elements lay open, and 'twas the 47 El.[1295] libri I. He read the proposition. By[CIII.] G--,' sayd he, 'this is impossible!' So he reads the demonstration of it, which referred him back to such a proposition; which proposition he read. That referred him back to another, which he also read. Et sic deinceps, that at last he was demonstratively convinced of that trueth. This made him in love with geometry.

[CIII.] He would now and then sweare, by way of emphasis[1296].

I have heard Sir Jonas Moore (and others[FR]) say that 'twas a great pity he had not began the study of the mathematics sooner, for such a working head[1297] would have made great advancement in it. So had he donne[1298], he would not have layn so open to his learned mathematicall antagonists[1299]. But one may say of him, as one (quaere who) sayes of Jos. Scaliger, that where he erres, he erres so ingeniosely, that one had rather erre with him then hitt the mark[1300] with Clavius. I have heard Mr. Hobbes say[1301] that he was wont to draw lines[1302] on his thigh and on the sheetes, abed, and[1303] also multiply and divide. He would often complain that algebra[CIV.] (though of great use) was too much admired, and so followed after, that it made men not contemplate and consider so much the nature and power of lines, which was a great hinderance to the groweth of geometrie; for that though algebra did rarely well and quickly, and easily in right lines, yet 'twould not _bite_ in _solid_ (I thinke) geometrie. Quod N.B.

[CIV.] Vide de hoc in his _De corpore_, and also in his 5 Dialogue. Quaere Dr. Blackburne:--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 36.

[1304]Memorandum--After he began to reflect on[1305] the interest of the king of England as touching his affaires between him and the parliament, for ten yeares together his thoughts were much, or almost altogether, unhinged from the mathematiques; but chiefly intent on his _De Cive_, and after that on his _Leviathan_: which was a great putt-back to his mathematicall improvement[1306]--quod N.B.--for in ten yeares' (or better) discontinuance of that study (especially) one's mathematiques will become very rusty[1307].

<_Champions the king's cause against the parliament._>

[1308]Vide _Mr. Hobbes considered_, p. 4: printed London 1662 (since reprinted, 1680, by William Crooke):--

1640: 'when the parliament sate that began in April 1640 and was dissolved in May following, and in which many pointes of the regall power, which were necessary for the peace of the kingdome and safety of his majestye's person, were disputed[1309] and denyed, Mr. Hobbes wrote a little treatise in English, wherin he did sett-forth and demonstrate, that the sayd power and rights were inseperably annexed to the soveraignty, which soveraignty they did not then deny to be in the king; but it seemes understood not, or would not understand, that inseperability. Of this treatise, though not printed, many gentlemen had copies, which occasioned much talke of the author; and had not his majestie dissolved the parliament, it had brought him in danger of his life.'

[1310]Vide _Mr. Hobbes considered_, if more may not be inserted, scilicet as to the politiques. Sed cave--

Incedis per ignes Suppositos cineri doloso.

HORATIUS _ad Asin. Pollionem_, ode 1, lib. 2.

Memorandum the parliament was then sitting and runne violently against the king's prerogative.

[1311]Memorandum he told me that bp. Manwaring[1312] (of St. David's) preach'd _his doctrine_; for which, among others, he was sent prisoner to the Tower. Then thought Mr. Hobbes, 'tis time now for me to shift for my selfe, and so withdrew[1313] into France, and resided[1314] at Paris. As I remember, there were others[1315] likewise did preach his doctrine. This little MS. treatise grew to be[1316] his book _De Cive_[1317], and at last grew there to be the so formidable and ... LEVIATHAN; the manner of writing of which booke (he told me) was thus. He walked much and contemplated, and he had in the head of his staffe[1318] a pen and inke-horne, carried alwayes a note-booke in his pocket, and as soon as a thought[1319] darted, he presently entred it into his booke, or otherwise he might[1320] perhaps have lost it. He had drawne the designe of the booke into chapters, etc. so he knew whereabout it would come in. Thus that booke was made.

'He wrote and published the Leviathan far from the intention either of disadvantage to his majestie, or to flatter Oliver (who was not made Protector till three or four yeares after) on purpose to facilitate his returne; for there is scarce a page in it that he does not upbraid him.'--_Mr. Hobbes considered_, p. 8.

[1321]''Twas written in the behalfe of the faithfull subjects of his majestie, that had taken his part in the war, or otherwise donne their utmost endeavour to defend his majestie's right and person against the rebells: wherby, having no other meanes of protection, nor (for the most part) of subsistence, were forced to compound with your masters, and to promise obedience for the saving of their lives and fortunes, which, in his booke he hath affirmed, they might lawfully doe, and consequently not bear arms against the victors. They had done their utmost endeavour to performe their obligation to the king, had done all they could be obliged unto; and were consequently at liberty to seeke the safety of their lives and livelihood wheresoever, and without treachery.'--<ibid.> p. 20.

'His majestie was displeased with him' (at Paris) 'for a while, but not very long, by means of some's complayning of and misconstruing his writing. But his majestie had a good opinion of him, and sayd openly that he thought Mr. Hobbes never meant him hurt.'--p. 28.

'Before his booke _De Homine_ came forth, nothing of the optiques writt intelligibly. As for the Optiques of Vitellio[1322], and several others, he accounts them rather geometry than optiques.'--p. 54. [Will not this p. 54 more aptly come in in another place?]

'So also of all other arts; not every one that brings from beyond seas a new gin, or other janty devise, is therfore a philosopher. For if you reckon that way, not only apothecaries and gardiners, but many other sorts of workmen will put-in for, and get the prize--

'Then,[1323] when I see the gentlemen of Gresham Colledge apply themselves to the doctrine of motion (as Mr. Hobbes has done, and will be ready to helpe them in it, if they please, and so long as they use him civilly), I will looke to know some causes of naturall events from them, and their register, and not before; for nature does nothing but by motion.

'The reason given by him, why the drop of glasse so much wondred at shivers into so many pieces by breaking only one small part of it, is approved for probable by the Royall Societie and registred in their colledge:[CV.] but he has no reason to take it for a favour, because hereafter the invention may be taken, by that means, not for his, but theirs.'--p. 55.

[CV.] This clause I leave to your judgment, if not fitt to be left out.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38ᵛ.

'As for his selfe-prayse[CVI.], they can have very little skill in morality, that cannot see the justice of commending a man's selfe, as well as of any thing else, in his own defence.'--p. 57.

[CVI.] Should these excerpts of his moralls come in here, or rather be cast-after to another place?--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38ᵛ.

'Then for his morosity and peevishnesse, with which some asperse him, all that know him familiarly, know the contrary. 'Tis true that when vain and ignorant young scholars, unknowne to him before, come to him on purpose to argue with him, and fall into undiscreet and uncivill expressions, and he then appeare not well contented, 'twas not his morosity, but their vanity, which should be blamed.'--<_Mr. Hobbes considered_> p. 59.

<_Residence in Paris._>

[1324]During his stay at Paris he went through a course of chymistry with Dr. ... Davison; and he there also studied Vesalius's Anatomie. This I am sure was before 1648; for that Sir William Petty (then Dr. Petty, physitian) studyed and dissected with him. Vide pag. 18b. A. W.[1325]

<_Return to England._>

[1326]Anno 165-[CVII.], he returned into England, and lived most part[CVIII.] in London, in Fetter lane, where he writt, or finished, his booke _De Corpore_, ...[1327], in Latin and then in English; and writt his lessons against the two Savillian professors at Oxon[1328], etc.; vide the anno Domini when printed. (Puto 1655 or 56.)

[CVII.] Quaere de hoc: vide his life.--'Twas 1650 or 1651.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38ᵛ.

[CVIII.] Quaere etiam de hoc. I thinke true as I remember.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38ᵛ.

<_Kindness to his nephew._>

[1329]1655 or 1656: about this time he setled the piece of land (aforesayd), given to him by his uncle, upon his nephew Francis[CIX.] for life, the remaynder to his nephew's eldest son, Thomas Hobbes. He also not long after[1330] dischardged a mortgage (to my knowledge[CX.], to Richard Thorne, an attorney) of two hundred pounds, besides the interest thereof, with which his nephew Francis (a careles[1331] husband) had incumbred his estate.

[CIX.] Or brother: I have now forgott. But surely 'twas to his nephewe[1332].--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30ᵛ.

[CX.] I doe not insert this to be published, but only my familiar way of writing to you and to give to you the greater testimonie.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39ᵛ.

<_Residence in London._>

He was much in London till the restauration of his majesty, having here convenience not only of bookes, but of learned conversation, as Mr. John Selden, Dr. William Harvey, John Vaughan, etc., wherof anon in the catalogue of his acquaintance.

I have heard him say, that at his lord's house in the countrey[1333] there was a good library, and bookes enough for him, and that his lordship stored the library with what bookes he thought fitt to be bought; but he sayd, the want of learned[1334] conversation[CXI.] was a very great inconvenience[1335], and that though he conceived[1336] he could order his thinking as well perhaps as another man, yet he found a great defect[1337].

[CXI.] Methinkes in the country, in long time, for want of good conservation, one's understanding (witt, invention) growes mouldy.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39ᵛ.

<_Acquaintance and studies._>

Amongst other of his acquaintance I must not forget our common friend, Mr. Samuel Cowper, the prince of limners of this last age, who drew his picture[CXII.] as like as art could afford, and one of the best pieces that ever he did: which his majesty, at his returne, bought of him, and conserves as one of his great rarities in his closet at Whitehall.

[CXII.] This picture I intend[1338] to be borrowed of his majesty, for Mr. <David> Loggan to engrave an accurate piece by, which will sell well both at home and abroad. Mr. Loggan is well acquainted.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39ᵛ.

[1339]1659. In 1659 his lord was--and some yeares before--at Little Salisbury-house (now turned to the Middle-Exchange), where he wrot, among other things, a poeme, in Latin hexameter and pentameter, of the encroachment of the clergie (both Roman and reformed) on the civil power[FS]. I remember I saw then 500 + verses, for he numbred every tenth as he wrote. I remember he did read Cluverius's _Historia Universalis_, and made-up his poeme from thence. His amanuensis remembers this poeme, for he wrote them out, but knows <not what became of it>.

His place of meditation was then in the portico in the garden.

_His manner[1340] of thinking_:--he sayd that he sometimes would sett his thoughts upon researching[1341] and contemplating, always with this rule[1342] that he very much and deeply considered one thing at a time (scilicet, a weeke or sometimes a fortnight).

There was a report[CXIII.] (and surely true) that in parliament, not long after the king was setled, some of the bishops made a motion to have the good old gentleman burn't for a heretique. Which he hearing, feared that his papers might be search't by their order, and he told me he had burn't part of them.--I have received word[1343] from his amanuensis and executor that he 'remembers there were such verses[1344] for he wrote them out, but knowes not what became of them, unlesse he presented them to Judge Vaughan[1345], or burned them as I did seeme to intimate.' ☞ But I understand since by W. Crooke, that he can retrive a good[1346] many of them.

[CXIII.] Quaere[1347] the bishop of Sarum de hoc, i.e. pro tempore.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 41ᵛ.

<_Secures the protection of Charles II._>

[1348]1660. The[1349] winter-time of 1659 he spent in Derbyshire. In[FT]March following was the dawning of the coming in of our gracious soveraigne, and in April the Aurora.

[1350]I then sent a letter to him in the countrey to advertise him of the Advent[1351] of his master the king and desired him by all meanes to be in London before his arrivall; and knowing[1352] his majestie was a great lover of good painting I must needs presume he could not but suddenly see Mr. Cowper's curious pieces, of whose fame he had so much heard abroad and seene some of his worke, and likewise that he would sitt to him for his picture, at which place and time he would have the best convenience[1353] of renewing his majestie's graces to him.[1354]He returned me thankes for my friendly intimation and came to London in May following.

It happened, about two or three dayes after his majestie's happy returne, that, as he was passing in his coach through the Strand, Mr. Hobbes was standing at Little Salisbury-house gate (where his lord then lived). The king espied him, putt of his hatt very kindly to him, and asked him how he did. About a weeke after he had[1355] orall conference with his majesty at[1356] Mr. S. Cowper's, where, as he sate for his picture, he was diverted[1357] by Mr. Hobbes's pleasant discourse[1358]. Here his majestie's favours were redintegrated to him, and order was given that he should have free accesse to his majesty, who was always much delighted in his witt and smart repartees.

The witts at Court were wont to bayte him. But he feared none of them[1359], and would make his part good. The king would call him _the beare_[CXIV.]: 'Here comes the beare to be bayted!'

[CXIV.] This is _too low_ witt to be published.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 40ᵛ.

_Repartees._ He was marvellous happy and ready in his replies, and that without rancor (except provoked)--but now[1360] I speake of his readinesse in replies as to witt and drollery. He would say that he did not care to give, neither was he adroit[1361] at, a present answer to a serious quaere: he had as lieve they should have expected an[1362] extemporary solution to an arithmeticall probleme, for he turned and winded and compounded in philosophy, politiques, etc., as if he had been at analyticall[1363] worke. He alwayes avoided, as much as he could, to conclude hastily (_Humane Nature_, p. 2). Vide[1364] p. 15 b.

<_Re-enters the household of the earl of Devonshire._>

[1365]Memorandum--from 1660 till the time[CXV.] he[1366] last went into Derbyshire, he spent most of his time in London at his lord's (viz. at Little Salisbury-howse; then, Queen Street; lastly, Newport-house), following his contemplation and study. ☞ He contemplated and invented (set downe a hint with a pencill or so) in the morning, but compiled[1367] in the afternoon.

[CXV.] Quaere when. Quaere W. Crooke de hoc. [You[1368] say somewhere[1369] that he went into Derbyshire, 1675. Here, while he was at London, he was much sought after and courted: taught and directed those that sought after him.-- MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 41ᵛ.]

<_His treatise De Legibus._>

1664. In[1370] 1664 I sayd to him 'Me thinkes 'tis pitty that you that have such a cleare reason and working[1371] head did never take into consideration the learning of the lawes'; and I endeavoured to perswade him to it. But he answered that[1372] he was not like to have life enough left to goe through with such a long and difficult taske. I then presented him the lord chancellor Bacon's Elements of the Lawe (a thin quarto), in order therunto and to drawe him on; which he was pleased to accept, and perused; and the next time I came to him he shewed me therin two cleare paralogismes in the 2nd page (_one_, I well remember, was in page 2), which I am heartily sory are now out of my remembrance.[1373] I desponded, for his reasons, that he should make any _tentamen_[1374] towards this designe; but afterwards, it seemes, in the countrey he writt his treatise _De Legibus_[FU] (unprinted) of which Sir John Vaughan, Lord Chiefe Justice of the Common Pleas, had a transcript, and I doe affirme that he much admired it.

[1375]Insert here part of his lettre to me about it.

'Tis thus, viz., in a letter to me[1376], dated Aug. 18, 1679, among severall other things, he writes[1377]:--

'I have been told that my booke of the Civill Warr is come abroad and am heartily sorry for it, especially because I could not get his majestie to license it, not because it is ill printed or hath a foolish title set to it, for I beleeve that any ingeniose man may understand the wickednes of that time, notwithstanding the errors of the presse[CXVI.].

[CXVI.] Quaere is it best to let the letter stand whole[1378] or to let that part, of the Civill Warr, be referred to the catalogue of bookes?

'The treatise _De Legibus_ (at the end of it) is imperfect. I desire Mr. Horne[1379] to pardon me that I cannot consent to his motion; nor shall Mr. Crooke himselfe get my consent to print it.

'I pray you present my humble thankes to Mr. Sam. Butler.

'The privilege of stationers is, in my opinion, a very great hinderance to the advancement of all humane learning[1380].

'I am, sir, your very humble servant, 'Th. Hobbes.'

<_Proposed foundation at Malmsbury._>

[1381]1665. This yeare he told me that he was willing to doe some good to the towne where he was borne; that his majestie loved him well, and if I could find out something in our countrey that was in his guift, he did beleeve he could beg it of his majestie, and seeing[1382] he was bred a scholar, he thought it most proper to endowe[1383] a free-schoole there; which is wanting _now_[CXVII.] (for, before the reformation, all monasteries had great schooles appendant to them; e.g. Magdalen schoole and New College schoole). After[1384] enquiry I found out a piece of land in Bradon-forest (of about 25 _li._ per annum value) that was in his majesties guift[1385], which he designed[1386] to have obtained of his majestie for a salary for a schoolmaster; but[CXVIII.] the queen's priests[1387] smelling-out the designe and being[1388] his enemies, hindred[1389] this publique and charitable intention.

[CXVII.] The burghesses give a schoolmaster X _li._ per annum out of their....

[CXVIII.] Aubrey queries--'Will not this give offence?'--Anthony Wood replies--'Perhaps no.'--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42ᵛ.

<_Controversy with Dr. John Fell._>

[1674[1390]. Anno[1391] Domini 1674 Mr. Anthony à Wood sett forth an elaborate worke of eleven[1392] yeares study, intituled _the History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford_, wherin, in every respective Colledge and Hall, he mentions the writers there educated and what bookes they wrote. The deane of Christ Church having plenipotentiary[1393] power of the presse there], perused every sheet before 'twas to be sent to the presse[1394]; and maugre the author and to his[1395] sore displeasure did expunge and inserted what he pleased. Among other authors[CXIX.], he made divers alterations in Mr. Wood's copie in the account he gives of Mr. T. Hobbes of Malmesbury's life, in pag. 444, 445[1396], Lib. II--

[CXIX.] Memorandum--bishop John Fell did not only expunge and insert what he pleased in Mr. Hobbes' life; but also in the lives of other very learned men, to their disparagement, particularly of Dr. John Prideaux, afterwards bishop of Worcester, and in the life of Dr. <William> Twiss.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 48ᵛ.

'Vir sane de quo (inter tot prosperae et adversae famae qui de eo sparguntur hominum sermones) hoc verissime pronuntiare fas est, animum ipsi obtigisse, uti omnis scientiae capacissimum et infertum, ita divitiarum, saeculi, et invidiae negligentissimum; erga cognatos et alios pium et beneficum; inter eos quibuscum vixit, hilarem et apertum, et sermone libero; apud exteros in summa semper veneratione habitum,' &c.; this and much more was quite dashed out of the author's copie by the sayd deane.

[1397]These[CXX.] additions and expunctions being made by the sayd deane of Christ Church, without[1398] the knowledge or advice of the authour and quite contrary to his mind, he told him it was fitt Mr. Hobbes should know it[1399], because that his name being set to the booke and all people knowing it to be his, he should be liable to an answer, and so consequently be in perpetuall controversie. To this the deane replied, 'Yea, in God's name; and great reason it was that he should know what he had done, and what he had donne he would answer for,' etc.

[CXX.] Me thinkes[1400] page 15 might be something extracted and abridged; but doe you consider of it.

1674. Hereupon[1401], the author acquaints[1402]J. A., Mr. Hobbes's correspondent, with all that had passed; J. A. acquaints Mr. Hobbes. Mr. Hobbes takeing it ill, was resolved to vindicate himselfe in an Epistle to the Author. Accordingly an epistle, dated Apr. 20, 1674, was sent to the author in MS., with an intention to publish it when the History of Oxford was to be published. Upon the reciept of Mr. Hobbes's Epistle by Anthony à Wood, he forthwith repaired, very honestly and without any guile, to the dean of Christ Church to communicate it to him[1403]. The deane read it over carelesly, and not without scorne, and when he had donne, bid Mr. Wood tell Mr. Hobbes, 'that he was an old man, had one foote in the grave, that he should mind his latter end, and not trouble the world any more with his papers,' etc., or to that effect.

In the meane time Mr. Hobbes meetes with the king in the Pall-mall, in St. James's parke; tells him how he had been served by the deane of Christ Church, in a booke then in the presse (scilicet the 'History' aforesayd), intituled the History and Antiquities of the Universitie of Oxon, and withall desires his majestie to be pleased to give him leave to vindicate himselfe. The king seeming to be troubled at the dealing of the deane, gave Mr. Hobbes leave, conditionally that he touch no-body but him who had abused him, neither that he should reflect upon the Universitie.

Mr. Hobbes understanding that this History would be published at the common Act at Oxon, about 11 July, the said yeare 1674, prints his Epistle[1404] at London, and sends downe divers copies to Oxon, which being dispersed at coffee-houses and stationers' shops, a copie forthwith came to the deane's hands, who upon the reading of it fretted and fumed[1405], sent[1406] for the author of the History and chid him, telling withall that he had corresponded with his enemie (Hobbes). The author replied that surely he had forgot what he had donne, for he had communicated to him before what Mr. Hobbes had sayd and written; wherupon the deane recollecting himselfe, told him that Hobbes should suddenly heare more of him[1407]; so that the last sheete[1408] of paper being then in the presse and one leafe thereof being left vacant, the deane supplied it with this answer. Both the epistle and answer I here exhibite.

[1409]Here insert the Epistle[1410] and Answer[1411].

To this angry[1412] answer the old gentleman never[1413] made any reply, but slighted[1414] the Dr's passion and forgave it. But 'tis supposed it might be the cause why Mr. Hobbes was not afterwards so indulgent, or spared the lesse to speake his opinion, concerning the Universities and how much their doctrine and method had contributed to the late troubles [e.g. in his History of the Civill Warre].

<_Withdraws to Derbyshire._>

1675, mense ..., he left London _cum animo nunquam revertendi_, and spent the remaynder of his dayes in Derbyshire with the earl of Devonshire at Chatsworth and Hardwyck, in contemplation and study. He wrote there[1415] ... (vide vitam).

<_His death and burial._>

[1416]Then[1417], <insert an account of> his sicknesse, death, buriall and place, and epitaph, _which send for_[1418].

[1419]Extracted out of the executor's lettre (January 16, 1679) to me:--

'To his highly honoured friend, Jo. Aubrey, esq., these.'--

(His sicknesse) 'Worthy sir--he fell sick about the middle of October last,' etc.[1420]--

[1421]☞ 'He dyed worth neer 1000 _li._, which (considering his charity) was more then I expected: vide his verses[1422] in the last page.--From W. Crooke, from Mr. Jackson who had 500 _li._ of his in his hands.--

<_Personal characteristics._>

[1423]Describe face, eyes, forehead, nose, mouth, eyebrows, figure of the face, complexion; stature of body; shape (slender, large, neat, or otherwise); figure of head and magnitude of head; shoulders (large, round, etc.); arms, legs, how?--

[1424]Mr. Hobbes's person, etc.:--hazel, quick eie, which continued to his last. He was a tall man, higher then I am by about halfe a head (scil.... feet), i.e. I could putt my hand between my head and his hatt.--When young he loved musique and practised on the lute. In his old age he used to sing prick-song every night (when all were gonne and sure nobody could heare him) for his health, which he did beleeve would make him live two or three yeares longer.

[1425]In his youth unhealthy; of an ill yellowish complexion: wett in his feet, and trod both his shoes the same way.

[1426]_His complexion._ In his youth he was unhealthy, and of an ill complexion (yellowish).

His[CXXI.] lord, who was a waster, sent him up and downe to borrow money, and to gett gentlemen to be bound for him, being ashamed to speake him selfe: he tooke colds, being wett in his feet (then were no hackney coaches to stand in the streetes), and trod both his shoes aside the same way. Notwithstanding he was well-beloved: they lov'd his company for his pleasant facetiousnes and good-nature[1427].

[CXXI.] This only _inter nos_.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45ᵛ.

From forty, or better, he grew healthier, and then he had a fresh, ruddy, complexion. He was _sanguineo-melancholicus_; which the physiologers say is the most ingeniose complexion. He would say that 'there might be good witts of all complexions; but good-natured, impossible.'

_Head._ In his old age he was very bald[1428] (which claymed a veneration); yet within dore, he used to study, and sitt, bare-headed, and sayd he never tooke cold in his head, but that the greatest trouble was to keepe-off the flies from pitching on the baldnes. His head was ... inches in compasse (I have the measure), and of a mallet-forme (approved by the physiologers).

[1429]_Skin._ His skin was soft and of that kind which my Lord Chancellor Bacon in his _History of Life and Death_ calles a goose-skin, i.e. of a wide texture:--

Crassa cutis, crassum cerebrum, crassum ingenium.

_Face_ not very great; ample forehead; whiskers yellowish-redish, which naturally turned up--which is a signe of a brisque witt, e.g. James Howell, Henry Jacob of Merton College.

<_Beard._> Belowe he was shaved close, except a little tip under his lip. Not but that nature[1430] could have afforded a venerable beard (Sapientem pascere barbam--Horat. Satyr. lib. 2), but being naturally of a cheerfull and pleasant humour[1431], he affected not at all austerity and gravity and to looke severe. [Vide[1432] page 47 of _Mr. Hobbes considered_--'Gravity and heavinesse of countenance are not so good marks of assurance of God's favour, as a chearfull, charitable, and upright behaviour, which are better signes of religion than the zealous maintaining of controverted doctrines.'] He desired not[1433] the reputation of his wisdome to be taken[1434] from the cutt of his beard, but from his reason--

Barba non facit philosophum. 'Il consiste tout en la pointe de sa barbe et en ses deux moustaches; et, par consequence, pour le diffaire il ne faut que trois coups de ciseau.'--Balzac, _Lettres_, tom. 2, p. 242.

[1435]_Eie._ He had a good eie, and that of a hazell colour, which was full of life and spirit, even to the last. When he was earnest in discourse, there shone (as it were) a bright live-coale within it.[1436]He had two kind of looks:--when he laugh't, was witty, and in a merry humour, one could scarce see his eies; by and by, when he was serious and positive[1437], he open'd his eies round (i.e. his eie-lids). He had midling eies, not very big, nor very little (from Sir W<illiam> P<etty>).

[1438]_Stature._ He was six foote high, and something better (quaere James Wh<eldon>), and went indifferently erect, or rather, considering his great age, very erect.

_Sight; witt._ His sight and witt continued to the last. He had a curious sharp sight, as he had a sharpe witt, which was also so sure and steady (and contrary to that men call _bro<a>dwittednes_) that I have heard him oftentimes say that in[1439]multiplying and dividing he[1440] never mistooke a figure: and so in other things.

<_Habits of body and mind._>

He thought much and with excellent method and stedinesse, which made him seldome make a false step.

_His bookes_, vide page[1441] 22. [1442]☞ He had very few bookes. I never sawe (nor Sir William Petty) above halfe a dozen about him in his chamber. Homer and Virgil were commonly on his table; sometimes Xenophon, or some probable historie, and Greek Testament, or so.

[1443]_Reading._ He had read much, if one considers his long life; but[1444] his contemplation was much more then his reading. He was wont to say that if he had read as much as other men, he[1445] should have knowne no more then other men.

[1446]_His physique._ He seldome used any physique (quaere Sir W<illiam> P<etty>). What 'twas I have forgot, but will enquire of Mr. Shelbrooke his apothecary at the Black Spread-eagle in the Strand.

Memorandum--Mr. Hobbes was very sick and like to dye at Bristoll-house in Queen Street, about 1668.

[1447]He had a sicknes, anno....

He was wont to say that he had rather have the advice, or take physique from an experienced old woman, that had been at many sick people's bed-sides, then from the learnedst but unexperienced physitian.

[1448]'Tis[1449] not consistent with an harmonicall soule to be a woman-hater, neither had he an abhorrescence to good wine but ...--this only _inter nos_.

[1450]_Temperance and diet._ He was, even in his youth, (generally) temperate, both as to wine and women, (et tamen haec omnia mediocriter)--

Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto.

I have heard him say that he did beleeve he had been in excesse[1451] in his life, a hundred times; which, considering his great[1452] age, did not amount to above once a yeare. When he did drinke, he would drinke to excesse to have the benefitt of vomiting, which he did easily; by which benefit neither his witt was disturbt longer then he was spuing nor his stomach oppressed; but he never was, nor could not endure to be, habitually a good fellow, i.e. to drinke every day wine with company, which, though not to drunkennesse, spoiles the braine.

For his last 30+ yeares, his dyet, etc., was very moderate and regular. After sixty he dranke no wine, his stomach grew weak, and he did eate most fish, especially whitings, for he sayd he digested fish better then flesh. He rose about seaven, had[1453] his breakefast of bread and butter; and tooke his walke, meditating till ten; then he did putt downe the minutes of his thoughts, which he penned in the afternoon.

[1454]He had an inch thick board about 16 inches square, whereon paper was pasted. On this board he drew his lines (schemes). When a line came into his head, he would, as he was walking, take a rude memorandum of it, to preserve it in his memory till he came to his chamber. ☞ He was never idle; his thoughts were always working.

[1455]His dinner was provided for him exactly by eleaven, for he could not now stay till his lord's howre--scil. about two: that his stomach could not beare.

After dinner he tooke a pipe of tobacco, and then threw himselfe immediately on his bed, with his band off, and slept (tooke a nap of about halfe an howre).

In the afternoon he penned his morning thoughts.

_Exercises._ Besides his dayly walking, he did twice or thrice a yeare play at tennis[CXXII.] (at about 75 he did it); then went to bed there and was well rubbed[CXXIII.]. This he did believe would make him live two or three yeares the longer.

[CXXII.] Quaere James Wheldon _de hoc_--how often, and to what age?--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46ᵛ.

[CXXIII.] Memorandum there was no bagnio in his time. That in Newgate Street was built about the time of his death.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46ᵛ.

[1456]In the countrey, for want of a tennis-court, he would walke up-hill and downe-hill in the parke, till he was in a great sweat, and then give the servant some money to rubbe him.

[1457]_Prudence._ He gave to his amanuensis, James Wheldon (the earle of Devon's baker; who writes a delicate hand), his pention at Leicester, yearly, to wayte on him, and take a care of him, which he did performe to him living and dying, with great respect and diligence: for which consideration he made him his executor.

_Habit._ In cold weather he commonly wore a black velvet coate, lined with furre; if not, some other coate so lined. But all the yeare he wore a kind of bootes[1458] of Spanish leather, laced or tyed along the sides with black ribons.

_Singing._ He had alwayes bookes of prick-song lyeing on his table:--e.g. of H. Lawes' etc. _Songs_--which at night, when he was abed, and the dores made fast, and was sure nobody heard him, he sang aloud (not that he had a very good voice) but[1459] for his health's sake: he did beleeve it did his lunges good, and conduced much to prolong his life.

[1460]_Shaking palsey._ He had the shaking palsey in his handes; which began in France before the yeare 1650, and haz growne upon him by degrees, ever since, so that he haz not been able to write very legibly since 1665 or 1666, as I find by some of his letters[1461] to me.

<_His readiness to help with advice and money._>

[1462]His goodnes of nature and willingnes to instruct any one that was willing to be informed and modestly desired it, which I am a witnesse of as to my owne part and also to others.

[1463]_Charity._ His brotherly love to his kinred hath already been spoken of. He was very charitable (pro suo modulo) to those that were true objects of his bounty[1464]. One time, I remember, goeing in the Strand, a poor and infirme old man craved[1465] his almes. He, beholding him with eies of pitty and compassion, putt his hand in his pocket, and gave him 6_d._ Sayd[1466] a divine (scil. Dr. Jaspar Mayne) that stood by--'Would you have donne this, if it had not been Christ's command?'--'Yea,' sayd he.--'Why?' quoth the other.--'Because,' sayd he, 'I was in paine to consider[1467] the miserable condition of the old man; and now my almes, giving him some reliefe, doth also ease me.'

<_Slanders concerning him._>

_Aspersions and envy._ His work was attended with envy, which threw severall aspersions and false reports on him. For instance, one (common) was that he was afrayd to lye alone at night in his chamber, [I have often heard him say that he was not afrayd of of _sprights_, but afrayd of being knockt on the head[1468] for five or ten pounds, which rogues might thinke he had[1469] in his chamber]; and severall other tales, as untrue.

I have heard some positively affirme that he had a yearly pension from the king of France,--possibly for having asserted such a monarchie as the king of France exercises, but for what other grounds I know not, unles it be for that the present[1470] king of France is reputed an encourager of choice and able men in all faculties who can contribute to his greatnes. I never heard him speake of any such thing; and, since his death, I have inquired of his most intimate friends in Derbyshire, who write to me they never heard of any such thing. Had it been so, he, nor they, ought to have been ashamed of it, and it had been becoming the munificence of so great a prince to have donne it.

_Atheisme[1471]._ Testimonie[1472]. For his being branded with atheisme, his writings and vertuous life testifie[1473] against it. No man hath written better of ..., perhaps not so well. To prevent such false and malicious reports, I thought fit to insert and affirme as abovesayd.[1474]And that he was a Christian 'tis cleare, for he recieved the sacrament of Dr. <John> Pierson, and in his confession to Dr. John Cosins, at ..., on his (as he thought) death-bed, declared that he liked the religion of the church of England best of all other.

He would have the worship of God performed with musique (_ad me_[1475]).

<_Addenda._>

[1476]Though he left his native countrey[1477] at 14, and lived so long, yet sometimes one might find a little touch of our pronunciation.--Old Sir Thomas Malette[1478], one of the judges of the King's Bench, knew Sir Walter Ralegh, and sayd that, notwithstanding his great travells, conversation, learning, etc., yet he spake broade Devonshire to his dyeing day.

[1479]Memorandum--'twas he (as he him selfe haz told me) that <invented> the method of the oeconomie of the earle of Devon's family and way of stating or keeping of the accounts.

<_Portraits of Hobbes._>

<i.>[1480]Desire Sir Christopher Wren or Mr. Thomas Henshawe to speake to the king for his picture[1481] of Mr. Hobbes for Mr. <David> Loggan to engrave it.

<ii.>[1482]He did, anno 16.. (vide the date[1483], which is on the backside) doe me the honour to sitt for his picture to Jo. Baptist Caspars, an excellent painter, and 'tis a good piece, which I presented to the <Royall> Societie 12 yeares since (but will it not be improper for me to mention my owne guift?).

[1484]Hanc Thomae Hobbes Malmesburiensis effigiem ad vivum depictam (1663) Regiae Societati Londinensi D.D.D. Johannes Aubrey de Easton-Piers ejusdem Soc. S. 1670.

Gett a brasse wyer to hang it[1485] by.

<iii.>[1486]Mr. Hobbes's motto upon his owne picture at Sir Charles Scarborough's:--

Si quaeris de me Mores inquire: sed Ille Qui quaerit de me, forsitan alter erit.

(Sir Charles Scarborough confessed to me that he made this distich.)

<iv.>[1487]Memorandum--there was a good painter at the earl of Devonshire's in Derbyshire not long before Mr. Hobbes dyed, who drew him with the great decayes of old age. Mr. William Ball hath a good copie of it.

<v.>[1488]His motto about his picture:--

En quam modicè habitat philosophia.

<_His seal._>

[1489]This--

..., a bend engrailed between 6 martletts ...,

was the seale[FV] he commonly sealed his letters with, but 'twas not his coate.

Quare whose coate it may be--if _Hobbes_?

Quaere James Wheldon the executor if this be _his_ coate of armes--for 'tis some seale--and what the colours are.--Respondet that the heralds did offer him a coat of armes but he refused it.

<_He was 'plebeius homo.'_>

[1490]Sir William Dugdale (Clarenceux), and Sir Edward Bisshe, the heralds, had an esteeme and respect for him, in so much that they would have graunted him a coate of armes; but he refused it--which methinkes he neede[1491] not have donne.

Vide Alexander Broome's poemes:--

He that weares a brave soule and dares honestly doe Is a herault to himselfe and a godfather too.

[1492]Vide Ben Jonson's _Underwoods_--that 'the most worthy men have been rock't in meane cradles.'

<_His sayings._>

[1493]'Tis of custome in the lives of wise men to putt downe their sayings. Now if trueth (uncommon) delivered clearly and wittily may goe[1494] for a saying, his common discourse was full of them, and which for the most part were sharpe and significant.

Here insert the two printed papers of his sayings.

[1495]Quaere Mr. Ben. Tuke at the Ship in Paule's Church-yard for the paper of his sayings, which Dr. Francis Bernard and his brother Charles, etc.--a club--made.

[1496]The sheet[1497] of old Mr. Hobbes sayings was not published by his executor, as is there printed. 'Twas (indeed) donne by Mr. ... Blunt, Sir Henry Blunt's sonne, and 'tis well donne.

[1498]I sayd, somewhere before, that (though he was ready and happy in repartying _in drollery_) he did not care[1499] to give a present answer _to a question_, unless he had thoroughly considered it before: for he was against 'too hasty concluding,' which he did endeavour as much as he could to avoid.--This is in p. 12[1500].

[1501]Thomas Hobbs <said> that if it were not for the gallowes, some men are of so cruell a nature as to take a delight[1502] in killing men[FW] more than I should to kill a bird.--Entred[1503] in idea.

[1504]When Spinoza's _Tractatus Theologico-Politicus_ first came out <1670>, Mr. Edmund Waller sent it to my lord of Devonshire and desired him to send him word what Mr. Hobbes said of it. Mr. H. told his lordship:--

Ne judicate ne judicemini[1505].

He told me he had cut thorough him a barre's length, for he durst not write so boldly.

[1506]I have heard him inveigh much against the crueltie of Moyses for putting so many thousands to the sword for bowing to[1507] ... vide text.

I have heard him say that Aristotle was the worst teacher that ever was, the worst polititian and ethick--a countrey-fellow that could live in the world <would be> as good: but his rhetorique and discourse of animals was rare.

[1508]T. H.'s saying:--rather use an old woman[1509] that had many yeares been at sick people's bedsides, then the learnedst young unpractised physitian.

[1510]☞ I remember he was wont to say that 'old men were drowned inwardly, by their owne moysture; e.g. first, the feet swell; then, the legges; then, the belly; etc.'--This saying may be brought in, perhaps, as to the paragraph of his sicknesse and death.

<From> Elizabeth, viscountesse Purbec. When Mr. T. Hobbes was sick in France, the divines came to him, and tormented him (both Roman Catholic, Church of England, and Geneva). Sayd he to them 'Let me alone, or els I will detect all your cheates from Aaron to yourselves.' I thinke I have heard him speake something to this purpose.

Mr. Edmund Waller sayd to me, when I desired him to write some verses in praise of him, that he was afrayd of the churchmen: he quoted Horace--

Incedo per ignes Suppositos cineri doloso:

that, what was chiefly to be taken notice of in his elogie was that he, being but _one_, and a private person, pulled-downe all the churches, dispelled the mists of ignorance, and layd-open their priest-craft.

<_His writings._>

<Aubrey several times notes his intention of drawing up a list of Hobbes' writings. In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53ᵛ, is a memorandum 'An exact Catalogue of all the bookes he wrote,' with a mark showing that it was to be brought in before the notice of Hobbes's death, _supra_, p. 346. MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22, is headed 'Catalogus librorum ab autore scriptorum,' and is left blank for their insertion.

In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 18ᵛ, is James Wheldon's answer to the inquiry suggested (_ut supra_) on fol. 53ᵛ:--viz.>

[1511]_A Catalogue of his bookes._

His Latine poem _of the wonders of the Peake_.

His translation of _Thucidides_ out of Greek into English.

His _Humane nature_, and _De corpore politico_ in English.

His _Leviathan_ in English.

{_De corpore_} His philosophy in three parts {_De homine_ } in Latine. {_De cive_ }

His dialogue _of the Civill Warr_, in English, printed lately against his will.

Of his disputations with Dr. Wallis and what he has written in philosophy and mathematicks Mr. <William> Crook can best give you the titles with the order and times of their edition, some Latine, some English; as also of

His translation of _the Odysses and Iliads of Homer_.

There is also a small peece in English called _A Breefe of Aristotle's Rhetorick_ printed by Andrew Crooke, which was his, though his name be not to it.

There is a little booke called _Mr. Hobbes considered_, wherein there is some passages relating to his life.

<In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54ᵛ, Aubrey notes the omission of a list of Hobbes's writings, and on fol. 55 he adds a transcript (with some notes of his own) of a list by William Crooke, Hobbes' publisher, supplementary to that given in Anthony Wood's _Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon._ ii. 377.>

[1512]I have no time now (in this transcript) to write the catalogue of his bookes, and I thought to have sent your paper[1513] (which I keepe safe) but Dr. Blackburne desires the perusall of it.--This catalogue here I received last night from William Crooke.

[1514]A supplement to Mr. A.[1515] Wood's catalogue (in his 'History') of Mr. Hobbes his workes: viz.--

The travells of Ulysses, being the translation of the 9, 10, and 11 bookes of Homer's Odysses into English; London, printed 1674.

Epistola ad D. Ant. à Wood, Latin, 1675[1516].

A translation of the 24 bookes of Homer's Iliads and the 24 bookes of his Odysses.

Also, his preface about the vertues of heroique poesie, in English, printed 1675, and 1677.

A letter to the duke of Newcastle about liberty and necessity, printed 1676, and 1677. [I have this somewhere among my bookes, printed about 30 yeares since. It was edited first by John Davys of Kidwelly; and there is a preface to it with S. W., i.e. Seth Ward, who then had a high esteeme of him.]

De Mirabilibus Pecci[1517]--English and Latin, 1678--a New-year's guift to his lord, who gave him 5 _li._, about 1627.

Decameron Physiologicum, or ten dialogues of naturall philosophy, to which is added the proportion of straight line to halfe the arc of quadrant, English, 1678[1518].

Considerations upon the reputation, loyalty, manners, and religion of Thomas Hobbes, written by himselfe, printed 1680, with part of severall of his letters to W. Crooke.--[This[1519] was first printed by Andrew Crooke 1662, ἀνονυμῶς.]

Vita Thomae Hobbes, 4to, printed 1680; in Latin verse; quarto.

Idem, in English, translated by ...; 1680, folio.

An historicall narration concerning heresie and the punishment thereof, English, 1680.

[Where[1520] is the book against Dr. Wallis in 4to that came out in Jan. 1679/80?].

[1521]He haz omitted here Aristotel's Rhetorique, printed long since by Andrew Crooke, but without his name; but Dr. Blackburne, W. Crooke, and I will lay our heads together and sett these things right.

☞ It ought not to be forgotten that there is before Sir William Davenant's heroique poem called Gondibert, a learned epistle of Mr. Hobbes's concerning poetrie, in answer to Sir William's.

And there is also a shorter letter of Mr. Hobbes's, which the Honourable ... Howard has printed before his heroique poem, 8vo, called I thinke Bonduca, about 1668 or 9.

Mr. Hobbes wrote a letter to ... (a colonell, as I remember) concerning Dr. Scargill's recantation sermon, preached at Cambridge, about 1670, which he putt into Sir John Birkenhead's hands to be licensed, which he refused (to collogue and flatter the bishops), and would not returne it nor give a copie. Mr. Hobbes kept no copie, for which he was sorry. He told me he liked it well himselfe.--[1522]Dr.[1523] Birket, my old acquaintance, hath the ordering of Sir John Birkenhead's bookes and papers. He hath not found it yet but hath found a letter of Mr. Hobbes to him about it, and hath promised me if he finds it to let me have it. ☞ Memorandum--Sir Charles Scarborough told me that he haz a copie of it, but I could not obtaine it of him; but I will try again, if Dr. Birket cannot find it.

<_Notes about his writings._>

<There are several scattered notes about Hobbes' writings dispersed throughout MS. Aubr. 9, which may be most conveniently brought together here.>

His Latin _Leviathan_ is altered in many particulars, e.g. the doctrine of the Trinity, etc., and enlarged with many considerable

## particulars.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42ᵛ.

The _Leviathan_ is translated into Dutch.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7ᵛ.

Quaere Ph. Laurence what volume the Dutch _Leviathan_ printed and what volumine.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7.

_Humane Nature_, London, by Thomas Newcombe, 1650, 12mo.--Anno 1684/5 is printed by Mr. Crooke _Humane Nature_, and _Libertie and Necessity_, in 8vo, which they call his 'Tripos.'--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7ᵛ.

Before Thucydides, he spent two yeares in reading romances and playes, which he haz often repented and sayd that these two yeares were lost of him--wherin perhaps he was mistaken too. For it might furnish him with copie of words.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42ᵛ.

Thucydides, London, imprinted for Richard Mynne in Little Brittain at the signe of St. Paul, MDCXXXIV.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7ᵛ.

Mr. Henry Birchit of the Middle Temple promised to gett for me Mr. Hobbes' letter to ... of Mr. Scargill's recantation, which he left with Sir John Birkenhead.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54ᵛ.

T. Hobbes--quaere Mr. H. Birchet de letter of Scargill's recantation which Sir John Birkenhead would not licence.--MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8.

<In MS. Aubr. 9 at the end are some of the printed tracts issued by Hobbes in his controversy with Dr. John Wallis, viz.:--

(1) A folio sheet[1524], headed

'To the right honorable and others the learned members of the Royal Society for the Advancement of the Sciences, presenteth to your consideration your most humble servant Thomas Hobbes (who hath spent much time upon the same subject) two propositions, whereof the one is lately published by Dr. Wallis, a member of your society....

Dr. Wallis: _de motu_, cap. 5. prop. 1. | Thomas Hobbes, _Roset._ prop. 5.'

(2) A quarto sheet[1525], headed:

'To the right honourable and others the learned members of the Royal Society for the Advancement of the Sciences, presenteth to your consideration your most humble servant Thomas Hobbes a confutation of a theoreme which hath a long time passed for truth.'

(3) A quarto tract[1526] (the 'Propositions' occupy 3 pages, the 'Considerations,' 4 pages), entitled:--

'Three papers presented to the Royal Society against Dr. Wallis, together with considerations on Dr. Wallis his answers to them, by Thomas Hobbes of Malmsbury; London, printed for the author and are to be had at the Green Dragon without Temple Bar: 1671.'>

With Mr. Hobbes's small tracts inscribed to the Royal Society came a letter offering that some of the small pieces of his might be published in the Transactions; which was not donne, through Mr. Oldenburgh's default.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47ᵛ.

<At the end of MS. Aubr. 9 is a quarto tract of 14 pages, entitled:--

'Thomae Hobbesii Malmesburiensis vita, authore seipso[1527], Londini, typis, anno MDCLXXIX.'

The last two lines of it are:--

Octoginta annos complevi jam quatuorque Et prope stans dictat Mors mihi, Ne metue.

On these Aubrey notes (MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 68ᵛ)--

'These two last verses Dr. Blackburne altered (because of qu[=a] in quatuor, long) in the copie printed with Mr. Hobbes's life in Latine, and some other alterations he made, but me thinkes the sense is not so brisque.'>

What did he write since he left London? Quaere <his> executor.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22ᵛ.

His executor acquaints William Crooke (the author's printer[1528]) and me, in a lettre[1529] under his hand January 16, 1679, that neither Mr. Halleley (Mr. Hobbes's intimate friend and confident) nor him selfe have any thing in either of their hands of Mr. Hobbes's, the very little of that kind that he left behind him being disposed of 'according to his own order' before he removed from Chatsworth. Quaere what was that order?--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22ᵛ.

Mr. Thomas Hobbes <has left> in MSS.

----A dialogue concerning the common lawes.

----An epitome of the Civil Warres of England from 1640 to 1660.

----Answer to _The Catching of the Leviathan_ by Dr. Bramhall.

----A historical narration concerning heresy and the punishment thereof.--MS. Aubr. 9, a slip at fol. 27ᵛ.

Translation of 1, 9, 10, 11 and 1<2> bookes of Homer's Odysses in English verse.

Ecclesiastica Historia in Latin verse, Amsterdam.--MS. Aubr. 9, a slip pasted on to fol. 27ᵛ.

Quaere Dr. Blackbourn and Mr. Crooke to know where lies or what is become of Mr. Hobbes' _Historia Ecclesiastica Romana_? Resp.--Dr. Blackbourne haz it; gett copie of it.--MS. Aubr. 7, a slip at fol. 8ᵛ.

In May 1688, his _Ecclesiastica Historia carmine elegiaco conscripta_, in Latin verse, was printed at Augusta Trinobantum, scil. London. The preface was writt by Mr. Thomas Rymer, of Graie's Inne, but ἀνονυμῶς.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54ᵛ.

Memorandum.--Mr. Hobbes told me he would write, in three columnes, his doctrine, the objections, and his answers, and deposit[1530] it in the earle of Devon's library at ... in Derbyshire. Dr. <Thomas> Bayly, principall of New-Innhall in Oxon, tells me he hath seen it there.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 2.

<MS. Aubr. 28 is a copy of the tract (63 pages).

'Mr. Hobbes considered in his loyalty, religion, reputation, and manners, by way of letter to Dr. Wallis'; London, printed for Andrew Crooke, 1662.

On the title-page Aubrey has the note:--

'This letter was writt (indeed) by Mr. Thomas Hobbes himselfe--Jo. Aubrey de Easton-Pierse':

and at the end

'The second impression[1531] of this booke was from this very booke of mine.--'Twas not to be bought.'>

<_Verses by him._>

[1532]Insert the love verses he made not long before his death:--

[1533]1.

Tho' I am now past ninety, and too old T' expect preferment in the court of Cupid, And many winters made mee ev'n so cold I am become almost all over stupid,

2.

Yet I can love and have a mistresse too, As fair as can be and as wise as fair; And yet not, proud, nor anything will doe To make me of her favour to despair.

3.

To tell you who she is were very bold; But if i' th' character your selfe you find Thinke not the man a fool thô he be old Who loves in body fair a fairer mind.

[1534]_Catalogue[1535] of his learned familiar friends and acquaintances_, besides those already mentioned, that I remember him to have spoken of.

_Mr. Benjamin Johnson_, Poet-Laureat, was his loving and familiar friend and acquaintance.

_<Sir Robert> Aiton_, Scoto-Britannus, a good poet and critique and good scholar. He was neerly related to his lord's lady (Bruce). And he desired Ben: Johnson, and this gentleman, to give their judgement on his style of his translation of Thucydides.[1536]He lyes buryd in Westminster Abbey, and hath there an elegant monument and inscription[1537], which I will insert here or so much as may be pertinent.

Memorandum next after ... Ayton should in order be named _Sydney Godolphin_, esq., who left him, in his will, a legacy of an hundred poundes: and Mr. Hobbes hath left him an eternall[1538] monument in lib.... pag.... of his Leviathan.

_Lucius Carey, lord Falkland_ was his great friend and admirer, and so was _Sir William Petty_; both which I have here enrolled amongst those friends I have heard him speake of, but Dr. Blackburne left 'em both out[1539] (to my admiration). I askt him why he had donne so? He answered because they were both ignote to foreigners.

_Mr. Henry Gellibrand_, Astronomy professor at Gresham Colledge.

[1540]_James Harrington_, esq., who wrote against him in his _Oceana_.

_Henry Stubbes_[1541].

_Mr. Charles Cavendish_[1542], brother to the duke of Newcastle, a learned gentleman and great mathematician.

_Mr. Laurence Rooke_, Geometry and Astronomy professor.

_Mr. ... Hallely_, his intimate friend, an old gent.

[1543]When he was at Florence (16..; vide vitam) he contracted a friendship with the famous _Galileo Galileo_, ...[1544], whom he extremely venerated and magnified; and not only as he was a prodigious witt, but for his sweetnes of nature and manners. They[1545] pretty well resembled one another as to their countenances, as by their pictures doeth[1546] appeare; were both cheerfull and melancholique-sanguine; and had both a consimilitie of fate, to be hated and persecuted by the ecclesiastiques.

16..[1547], _Petrus Gassendus_[1548], S. Th. Doctor et Regius Professor Parisiis,--vide his titles--whom he never mentions but with great honour and respect[CXXIV.], 'doctissimus, humanissimus'; and they loved each other entirely.

[CXXIV.] I have heard Mr. Edmund Waller say that (William) the lord marquisse of Newcastle was a great patron to Dr. Gassendi, and M. Des Cartes, as well as Mr. Hobbes, and that he hath dined with them all three at the marquiss's table at Paris.--MS. Aubr. 9. fol. 50.

As also the like love and friendship was betwixt him and

_Marinus ... Mersennus_;

Monsr. _Renatus Des Cartes_[1549];

as also--

_<Johan. Franc.> Niceron_;

_Samuel Sorbier_, M. D.--vide his epistle and Gassendus's before his _De Cive_.

_... Verdusius_, to whom he dedicates his _... Dialogi_ ([1550]vide my _Dialogi_ for his Christian name--'tis dedicated to him).

[1551]T. H. would say that _Gassendus_ was the sweetest-natured man in the world.

_Des Cartes_ and he were acquainted and mutually respected one another. He would say that had he kept himself to Geometry he had been the best geometer in the world but that his head did not lye for philosophy.

[1552]Mr. Hobbes was wont to say that had Mⁱᵉᵘʳ Des Cartes (for whom he had a high respect) kept himselfe to geometrie, he had been the best geometer in the world; but he could not pardon him for his writing in defence of transubstantiation, which he knew was absolutely against his opinion[1553] and donne meerly to putt a compliment[1554] <on> the Jesuites.

[1555]I have heard Mr. Oates say that the Jesuites doe much glorie that he <Des Cartes> had his education under[1556] them. 'Tis not unlikely that the Jesuites putt him upon that treatise.

_Edmund Waller_[1557], esq., poet.

[1558]_Sir Kenelm Digby_, amicus T. H.

[1559](1648 or 49[1560], at Paris.) _Sir William Petty_ (of Ireland[1561]), Regiae Societatis Socius, a person[1562] of a stupendous invention[1563] and of as great prudence and humanity, had an high[1564] esteeme of him. His acquaintance began at Paris, 1648 or 1649, at which time Mr. Hobbes studied Vesalius' Anatomy, and Sir William with him. He then assisted Mr. Hobbes in draweing his schemes[1565]for his booke of optiques, for he had a very fine hand in those dayes for draweing[1566], which draughts Mr. Hobbes did[1567] much commend. His facultie[1568] in this kind conciliated them the sooner to the familiarity[1569] of our common friend.

_Mr. S. Cowper_ aforesayd[1570], at whose house they often mett.--He drew his picture twice: the first the king haz, the other is yet in the custody of his widowe; but he gave it, indeed, to me (and I promised I would give it to the archives at Oxon,[1571] with a short inscription on the back side, as a monument of his friendship to me and ours to Mr. Hobbes--sed haec omnia inter nos)[1572]but I, like a foole, did not take possession of it, for something of the garment was not quite finished, and he dyed, I being then in the countrey--sed hoc non ad rem.

[1573]<_Sir William Petty._> I have a very fine letter from Mr. Hobbes to me where he gives him thanks and for his booke of Duplicate Proportion I sent him, which letter I will insert (so much as concerns it). Sir William Petty would keepe the originall _honoris ergo_ and gave me a copie of it, which I have not leisure to looke out.

[1574](At Paris.) _Mr. Abraham Cowley_, the poet, who hath bestowed on him an immortal pindarique ode, which is in his poems.

(1651 or 52.) _William Harvey_, Dr. of Physique and Chirurgery, inventor of the circulation of the bloud, who left him in his will ten poundes, as his brother told me at his funerall. Obiit anno 1657, aetat. 80, sepult. at Hempsted in Essex, in their[1575] vault.

_Mr. Edmund Waller_ of Beconsfield was his great friend, and acquainted at Paris--I believe before.

When his Leviathan came out, he sent by his stationer's (Andrew Crooke) man a copie of it, well-bound, to _Mr. John Selden_ in Aedibus Carmeliticis. Mr. Selden told the servant, he did not know Mr. Hobbes, but had heard much of his worth, and that he should be very glad to be acquainted with him. Wherupon Mr. Hobbes wayted on him. From which time there was a strict friendship between <them> to his dyeing day. He left by his will to Mr. Hobbes a legacy of ten poundes.

_Sir John Vaughan_, Lord Chiefe Justice of the Common Pleas, was his great acquaintance, to whom he made visitts three times or more in a weeke--out of terme in the morning; in terme-time, in the afternoon.

_Sir Charles Scarborough_, M.D. (physitian to his royal highnesse the duke of Yorke), who hath a very good and like picture (drawne about 1655)[1576]of him, under which is this distich (they say of Mr. Hobbes's making[CXXV.]),

[CXXV.] This was made by Sir Charles Scarborough, M.D.

Si quaeris de me, Mores inquire, sed Ille Qui quaerit de me, forsitan alter erit;

and much loved his conversation.

_Sir Jonas Moore_, mathematicus, surveyor of his majestie's ordinance, who had a great veneration for Mr. Hobbes, and was wont much to lament[CXXVI.] he fell to the study of the mathematiques so late.

[CXXVI.] Does this lamenting come in aptest here, or pag.[1577] 7?--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52ᵛ.

_Mr. Richard White_, who writt Hemispherium Dissectum.[1578] I have heard Mr. Thomas Hobbes commend Richard White for a solid mathematician and preferred him much before his brother _Thomas de Albiis_[1579] for it.

_Sir Charles Cavendish[1580]._

_Edward, lord Herbert of Cherbery_ and Castle Island.

_Sir William Davenant_, Poet Laureat after B. Johnson, and generall of the ordinance to the duke of Newcastle--at Paris[1581] (e.g. epistle); perhaps before.

_William Chillingworth_, D.D.--he would commend this doctor for a very great witt; 'But by G----' said he, 'he is like some lusty fighters that will give a damnable back-blow now and then on their owne party.'

_George Eglionby_, D.D. and deane of Canterbury, was also his great acquaintance. He died at Oxford[1582], 1643, of the epidemique disease then rageing.

[1583]_Jasper Mayne_, Doctor of Divinity (chaplain to William, marquesse of Newcastle), an old acquaintance of his.

_Mr. Francis Osburne_, author of 'Advice[1584] to a son' and severall other treatises, was his great acquaintance.

_John Pell_, Dr. of Divinity, mathematicus, quondam professor ...[1585] at Breda, who quotes him in his ... contra Longomontanum _de Quadratura circuli_, for one of his jury (of 12).

_Sir George Ent_, M.D.--In a letter to Mr. J<ohn> A<ubrey> from Mr. Thomas Hobbes:--

'Worthy Sir,

I have receaved from Mr. Crooke the booke of Sir George Ent of the Use of Respiration. It is a very learned and ingeniose booke full of true and deepe philosophy. I pray you to present unto him my most humble service. Though I recieved it but three dayes since, yet, drawen-on by the easinesse of the style and elegancy of the language, I have read it all over, and I give you most humble thankes for sending it to me. I pray you present my service to Mr. Hooke[1586].

I am, Sir, your most obliged and humble servant, THO: HOBBES.

Chatsworth, March 25, 1679.'

_Ralph Bathurst_, S.T.D., now deane of Welles, who hath writt verses before his booke of Humane Nature[1587].

_Mr. Henry Stubbes_, physitian, whom he much esteemed for his great learning and parts, but at latter end Mr. Hobbs differ'd with him for that he wrote against the lord chancellor Bacon, and the Royall Societie. He wrote in Mr. Hobbes' defence--vide librum[1588].

_Walter Charleton_, M.D., physitian to his majestie, and one of the Colledge of Physitians in London, a high admirer of him.

_Mr. Samuel Butler_, the author of Hudibras.

In his ... Dialogi (vide librum) he haz a noble elogie of _Sir Christopher Wren_, then a young scholar in Oxon, which quote; but I thinke they were not acquainted.

_Mr. <Robert> Hooke_ loved him, but was never but once in his company.

<_Sidney Godolphin_[1589].>

[1590]To conclude, he had a high esteeme for the Royall Societie, having sayd (vide Behemoth pag. 242, part ...) that 'Naturall Philosophy was removed from the Universities to Gresham Colledge,' meaning the Royall Societie that meetes there; and the Royall Societie (generally) had the like for him: and he would long since have been ascribed a member there, but for the sake of one[CXXVII.] or two persons, whom he tooke to be his enemies. In their meeting at Gresham Colledge is his picture, drawen by the life, 166- (quaere date[1591]), by a good hand, which they much esteeme, and severall copies have been taken of it.

[CXXVII.] Dr. Wallis (surely their Mercuries[1592] are in opposition), and Mr. Boyle. I might add Sir Paul Neile, who disobliges everybody.--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53ᵛ.

[1593]Memorandum:--Dr. _Isaac Barrow_ hath mentioned Mr. T. Hobbes in his mathematicall lectures, printed and unprinted.

[1594]Edmund Waller, esq., of Beconsfield:--'but what he was most to <be> commended for was that he being a private person threw downe the strongholds (ὀχυρώματα) of the Church, and lett in light.'

_Robert Stevens_, serjeant at Lawe, was wont to say of him, and that truly, that 'no man had so much, so deeply, seriously, and profoundly[1595] considered humane nature as he.'

[1596]Mr. John Dreyden, Poet Laureat, is his great admirer, and oftentimes makes use of his doctrine in his playes--from Mr. Dreyden himselfe.

[1597]Memorandum he hath no countryman living hath knowne him so long (1633[1598]) as myselfe, or <any> of his friends, &c. <who> doth know so much <about him.> When he had printed his translation of Thucydides <1676: edit. 2>, his life is writt by him selfe (at my request) in the third person, a copie wherof I have by me, [to[1599] publish after his death if it please God I survive him.]

<_Opponents and critics._>

[1600]Now as he had these ingeniose and learned friends, and many more (no question) that I know not or now escape my memory; so he had many enemies (though undeserved; for he would not provoke, but if provoked, he was sharp and bitter): and as a prophet is not esteemed in his owne countrey, so he was more esteemed by foreigners then by his countreymen.

His chiefe antagonists were

--[_Dr.[1601] John_] _Bramhall_, bishop of [Londonderry], afterwards [archbishop of Armagh and] primate of Ireland.

--_Seth Ward_, D.D., now bishop of Sarum, who wrote against him in his _Vindiciae Academiarum_[1602] ἀνονυμῶς, and in.... With whom though formerly he had some contest, for which he was sorry, yet Mr. Hobbes had a great veneration for his[1603] worth, learning and goodnes.

--_John Wallis_, D.D., a great mathematician, and that hath deserved exceedingly of the commonwealth of learning for the great paines etc...., was his great antagonist in the Mathematiques. 'Twas pitty, as is said before, that Mr. Hobbs began so late, els he would <not> have layn so open.

'Theophilus Pike' (<i.e.> [_William_[1604]] _Lucy_, bishop of St. David's) who wrote ['Observations, censures, and confutations of notorious errours' in his Leviathan, 1664; they are but weak ones.]

_Mr._ [_Richard_] _Baxter_, who wrote....

[_Edward[1605] Hyde, earl of Clarendon_, who wrot against the politicall part of his Leviathan: I have mentioned this in some letter, but you have forgot it.]

[1606]Samuelis Siremesii; Praxiologia apodictica, seu Philosophia moralis demonstrativa, pythanologiae Hobbianae opposita: Francofurti, 1677, 4to.

[1607](In 16mo)--Liberty and Necessity asserted by Thomas Hobbes and opposed by _Philip Tandy_, register-accomptant, formerly minister and now established so again, Lond. 1656.

<_Apologists and supporters._>

<A few scattered notes in MS. Aubr. 9 may be conveniently brought together here.>

[1608]Meditationes Politicae iisdem continuandis et illustrandis addita Politica parallela XXV dissertationibus Academicis antehac exposuit Johannes Christopherus _Becmanus_, LL.D., editio 3ª, Francofurti MDCLXXIX, vide pag. 417 ubi magnopere laudat T. Hobbium--which transcribe.

[1609]In 8vo:--Meditationes Politicae iisdemque continuandis et illustrandis addita Politica Parallela XXIV dissertationibus academicis antehac exposuit _Johannes Christopherus Becmanus_, D. et Hist. prof. publ. ord. in Acad. Francofurtanâ; additae sunt dissertationes de lege regia et de quarta monarchia: editio tertia: Francofurti ad Oderam, anno MDCLXXIX:--pag. 417, 418:--

'In Hobbesii libris eorum quae de cive et civitate agunt (nam reliqua nobis neutiquam curatio est) _scopus generalis_ est e primis principiis naturae rationalis ac vitae socialis res politicas eruere (quo quidem nomine prae caeteris laudandus est cum nemo politicorum ante illum id ausus fuerit), _specialis_ est dirigere principia sua ad monarchiam (qui si genium gentis spectes in qua vixit non minori laude dignus est, licebitque aliis eadem principia ad statum aristocraticum et democraticum applicare, modo sciat istos potius quam monarchiam reipublicae suae congruere).

In aliis scriptis quae publicavit itidem eo nomine laudandus est quod e primis principiis moralibus, licet haud perinde vulgò notis, res suas eruere conetur: sed rursus etiam culpandus quod sacra ad conceptus suos trahat cum hos ad sacra pertrahere indeque perficere debuisset. Profani tamen qui videntur apud eum occurrere loquendi modi non possunt plenum _atheismum_ inferre, nunquam enim qui rebus moralibus mediocriter incumbit atheus esse potest, tanto minus Hobbesius qui ad prima usque principia moralium progredi conatur. Quod vero maxime sapere videtur, id vel _securitatem_ dixeris vel _neutralismum_ quendam, ut Deum quidem colat sed modum colendi a sacro codice derivandum esse non necessarium agnoscat; esseque hunc animum ejus ex eo patet quod superius diximus, ipsum sacra ad conceptus suos morales trahere cum e contrario moralia quae habemus aut invenire etiam possumus e sacris peti debeant quippe quae clarius semper rem exprimunt quam sine eis exprimi potest. Acciditque hic[1610] ipsi quod chymicorum multis aliisque rerum naturalium scrutatoribus qui, dum in causis secundis indagandis nimii sunt, eis ita alligantur ut ulterius eoque ad Deum usque pergere non opus esse judicent, unde similiter in _neutralismum_ incidunt. Brevius--Hobbesius principia vitae socialis vere explicat sed male applicat; unde omnis illa in doctrina ejus perversitas quam tamen Christiano vitandam esse merito cum piis probisque omnibus pronunciamus. Concludimus cum judicio autoris Gallici in _Itiner. Angl._[CXXVIII.] pag. (edit. Germ.) 411, 412:--

[CXXVIII.] This is in High-dutch, which I desire Mr. Th. Haack to render into English.

[1611]Es[FX] werden sehr wenig gefunden welche die Sachen genauer durchsehen denn Er und die der Natürlichen Wissen-schafft eine so lange Erfahrung beygebracht hätten. Ja Er ist ein überbliebenes von dem Bacon, unter welchem Er in seiner Jugend geschrieben und an allem was ich von Ihm gehöret und was ich in seiner Art zu sc<h>reiben mercke sehe ich wol, dasz Er viel davon behalten. Er hat durch das Studieren seine Weise die Dinge zu wenden und greiffet gerne in die Gleichnüssen. Aber Er hat natürlich viele von seiner schönen und guten Eigenschafft ja auch von seiner feinen Leibes Gestalt. Er hat der Priester-schafft seines Landes, den Mathematisten zu Oxfurt und ihren Anhänge<r>n eine Furcht eingejaget, darumb Ihre Majestät mir Ihn einem Bähren[1612] ver<g>l<e>ichen, wider welche Er die doggen, umb sie zu üben anreitzet; sonder Zweiffel hat Er die gekrönte Häupter in den Gründen seiner Welt Klugheit höchlich verbunden, und wenn Er die Lehren der Religionen nicht berühret, oder sich begnüget hätte d<i>e Presbyterianer und genannte Bischöffe seines Landes anzugreiffen, find ich nichts darin zu tadeln.'

[1613]Casparis Zeigleri de juribus majestatis tractatus Academicus; Wittenbergae, 1681. Vide pag. 112 § IV ubi honoris gratiâ citat Hobbium de differentiis inter pactum et legem ex element. philosoph. de Cive, cap. 14.

[1614](In 12mo)--Epistolica dissertatio de principiis justi et decori continens Apologiam pro tractatu clarissimi Hobbaei de Cive ἀνονυμῶς Amstelodami apud Ludovicum Elzevirium, MDCLI.

James Harrington, esquire: _Oceana_, vide.

[1615]... Zeigler, a German jurisconsultus, quotes him with great respect, as also some other German civilians, of which enquire farther.

[1616]_Samuelis Pufendorf_: Elementa Jurisprudentiae Universalis[1617], 1672: in praefatione--

'Nec parum debere nos profitemur Thomae Hobbes, cujus hypothesis in libro _de Cive_, etsi quid profani sapiat, pleraque tamen caetera satis arguta ac sana.

Quos heic velut in universum allegasse voluimus, in ipso autem opere quoties eorundem expressa fuit sententia ipsos numerare supersedimus, quia, praeter taedia crebrae citationis, rationes eorum potius quam autoritatem secuti sumus. Nam quando ab iisdem atque aliis veritatis studium dissentire nos subegit, nomina eorundem ideo dissimulavimus ne magnorum virorum naevos vellicando gloriolam captare velle videremur. Et stultum semper judicavimus, cum ipse te hominem noris ab erroribus haudquidquam immunem, aspera in alios censura reliquos ad paria tibi reponenda irritare.'

[1618]_Samuel Pufendorfius_, professor in jure naturae apud regem Sueciae: in praefatione sui libri De Jure Naturae et Gentium, Amstelodam, 1688:

'Sic et Thomas Hobbius in operibus suis ad civilem scientiam spectantibus plurima habet quantivis pretii et nemo cui rerum ejusmodi est intellectus negaverit tam profunde ipsum societatis humanae et civilis compagem rimatum fuisse ut pauci priorum cum ipso heic comparari queant. Et qua a vero aberrat, occasionem tamen ad talia meditanda suggerit quae fortasse aliàs nemini in mentem venissent. Sed quod et hic in religione peculiaria sibi et horrida dogmata finxerit, hoc ipso apud multos non citra rationem sui aversationem excitavit. Quanquam et illud non raro contingere videas ut ab illis maximo cum supercilio condemnetur abs quibus minime lectus fuit aut intellectus.'

<_Conclusion._>

[1619]I would have, just before FINIS,

Pascitur in vivis Livor: post fata quiescit; Tunc suus ex merito quemque tuetur honos.

Ovid. _Eleg._[1620]

[1621]Last of all insert the pindarique ode on Mr. Hobbes made by Mr. Abraham Cowley; and after that, in the next page, the verses made by Dr. Ralph Bathurst of Trinity College in Oxon, which are before Mr. Hobbes's _Humane Nature_.

<_Copies of letters by, or about, Thomas Hobbes._>

i. _Thomas Hobbes to Josias Pullen._

[1622]For my much honored friend Mr. Josias Pullen, Vice-principall of Magdalen Hall in Oxon.

Honour'd Sir,

I understand by a letter from Mr. Aubry that you desire to have the bookes I have published to put them into the library of Magdalen Hall. I have here sent them you, and very willingly, as being glad of the occasion, for I assure you that I owe so much honour and respect to that society that I would have sent them, and desired to have them accepted, long agoe, if I could have donne it as decently as now that you have assured me that your selfe and some others of your house have a good opinion of them so that though the house refuse them they are not lost. You know how much they have been decryed by Dr. Wallis and others of the greatest sway in the University, and therfore to offer them to any Colledge or Hall had been a greater signe of humility than I have yet attained to.

For your owne civility in approving them, I give you many thanks; and remain

Sir, Your most humble servant, THO. HOBBES.

1672[1623], London, Febr. 1ˢᵗ.

ii. _Thomas Hobbes to John Aubrey._

[1624]Noble Sir,

I am very glad to hear you are well and continue your favours towards me.

'Tis a long time since I have been able to write my selfe, and am now so weake that it is a paine to me to dictate.

But yet I cannot choose but thanke you for this letter of Jan. 25ᵗʰ which I receaved not till the last of ffebruary. I was assured a good while since that Dr. Wallis his learning is no where esteemed but in the Universities by such as have engaged themselves in the defence of his geometry and are now ashamed to recant it. And I wonder not if Dr. Wallis, or any other, that have studyed mathematicks onely to gaine preferment, when his ignorance is discovered, convert his study to jugling and to the gaining of a reputation of conjuring, decyphering, and such arts[1625] as are in the booke[1626] you sent me.

As for the matter it selfe, I meane the teaching of a man borne deafe and dumbe to speake, I thinke it impossible. But I doe not count him deafe and indocible that can heare a word spoken as loud as is possible at the very entrance to his eare, for of this I am assured that a man borne absolutely deafe must of necessity be made to heare before he can be made to speake, much lesse to understand. And he that could make him heare (being a great and common good) would well deserve both to be honoured and to be enriched. He that could make him speake a few words onely deserved nothing. But he that brags of this and cannot doe it, deserves to be whipt.

Sir, I am most heartily Your most faithfull and most humble servant, THOMAS HOBBES. Hardwick, March the 5ᵗʰ, 1677[1627].

[1628]To my most honored frend Mr. John Awbry, esqre, to be left for him at Mr. Crooke's, a bookseller, at the Green Dragon without Temple barre, London.

iii. _Thomas Hobbes to William Crooke_, with an enclosure to John Aubrey.

<Hobbes' letter to Crooke is found as fol. 11 of MS. Aubr. 9: the enclosure to Aubrey, as foll. 12, 13. Both are in James Wheldon's handwriting.

It appears by the post-stamps on the backs of these letters that the charge for a letter was 3_d._, with 3_d._ for each enclosure. Thus the letters of Aug. 18, 1679, March 5, 1679/80, Sept. 7, 1680, are all marked as costing 3_d._ postage (MS. Aubr. 9, foll. 15ᵛ, 10ᵛ, 21ᵛ); while this letter to Crooke, with its enclosure, cost 6_d._ (_ibid._, fol. 11ᵛ); and the letter of Jan. 16, 1679/80, with its two enclosures, cost 9_d._ (_ibid._ fol. 17ᵛ).>

[1629]Sir,

I have receaved Sir George Ent's booke and Mr. Aubrey's letter, to which I have written an answer, but I cannot tell how to send it to him without your helpe, and therefore I have sent it to you here inclosed, for I believe he comes now and then to your shop, and I pray you doe me the favour to deliver it to him.

I rest, your humble servant THO. HOBBES.

Chatsworth, March the 25ᵗʰ 1679. [1630]For Mr. William Crooke, Bookeseller, At the Green Dragon without Temple barr London.

* * * * *

[1631]Worthy Sir,

I have receaved from Will: Crooke the booke of Sir George Ent of the use of respiration. It is a very learned and ingenious booke, full of true and deepe philosophy, and I pray you to present unto him my most humble service. Though I receaved it but three days since, yet drawn on by the easinesse of the style and elegance of the language I have read it all over. And I give you most hearty thankes for sending of it to me, and to Mr. Ent[1632] who was pleased to bestow it upon me, and I am very glad to hear that Sir George him selfe is alive and in good health, though I believe he is very near as old as I am.

I knew not how to addresse my letter to you, but at all adventure I sent it inclosed in a letter to Mr. Crooke at whose shop I suppose you sometimes looke in as you passe the street.

I pray you present my service to Mr. Hooke and thanke him for the honour of his salutation.

I am, Sir, your most obliged and humble servant,

THOMAS HOBBES. Chatsworth, March the 25ᵗʰ, 1679. [1633]To my most honoured frend, Mr. John Aubrey.

iv. _Thomas Hobbes to John Aubrey._

[1634]Honored Sir,

I thanke you for your letter of Aug. 2ᵈ, and I pray you present my humble thanks to Sir George Ent that he accepteth of my judgment upon his booke. I fear it is rather his good nature then my merit. I am sorry for the news you write of his son.

I have been told that my booke of the Civill Warr is come abroad, and am sorry for it, especially because I could not get his majestye to license it, not because it is ill printed or has a foolish title set to it, for I believe that any ingenious man may understand the wickednesse of that time, notwithstanding the errors of the presse.

The treatise _De Legibus_, at the end of it, is imperfect. I desire Mr. Horne to pardon me that I consent not to his motion, nor shall Mr. Crooke himselfe get my consent to print it.

I pray you present my humble service to Mr. Butler[1635].

The priviledge of stationers is (in my opinion) a very great hinderance to the advancement of all humane learning.

I am, Sir, your very humble servant, THO. HOBBES. Chatsworth, Aug. the 18ᵗʰ, 1679.

[1636]To my much honoured frend Mr. John Aubrey, at Mr. Hooke's lodging in Gresham College, London.

v. _James Wheldon to William Crooke_, with enclosure to John Aubrey, and a copy of Hobbes' will.

<Wheldon's letter to Crooke is found as foll. 16 and 17 of MS. Aubr. 9; the enclosure to Aubrey, as foll. 18, 19.>

[1637]Hardwick, January the 16ᵗʰ, 1679[1638]. Sir,

Three days since I receaved your letter of the 9ᵗʰ instant together with one from Mr. Aubrey, and because they containe both the same

## particulars I thinke it unnecessary to repeat to you what I have

written back to that gentleman.

All that I can add is onely this, that neither Mr. Halleley nor I have anything in either of our hands of Mr. Hobbes's writing, the very little of that kind that he left behind him being disposed of according to his own order before he removed from Chatsworth.

According to Mr. Aubrey's direction I have here inclosed my letter to him, which I pray you present to him with my humble service as soon as you shall see him.

I am, Sir, your most humble servant, JAMES WHELDON.

[1639]To my much respected frend Mr. William Crooke at the Green Dragon without Templebarr In London[1640].

* * * * *

[1641]Hardwick, January the 16ᵗʰ, 1679[1642]. Worthy Sir,

Having been abroad about businesse for some days, I receaved, at my coming home, your letter of the third of this month, which evidences the great esteeme you have for Mr. Hobbes, for which I returne you my humble thanks, and particularly for the paines you have been pleased to take in the large account of what you your selfe, Mr. Anthony a Wood, and Sir George Ent designe for Mr. Hobbes his honour.

I am glad Mr. Crooke has receaved his Life in Prose, which was the onely thing Mr. Halleley got possession of, and sent it to him[1643] by my hand. Mr. Halleley tells me now, that Mr. Hobbes (in the time of his sicknesse) told him he had promised it to Mr. Crooke, but said he was unwilling it should ever be published as written by himselfe; and I beleeve it was some such motive, which made him burne those Latine verses Mr. Crooke sent him about that time.

For those Latine verses you mention about Ecclesiasticall Power, I remember them, for I writ them out, but know not what became of them, unlesse he presented them to judge Vaughan, or burned them, as you seem to intimate.

He fell sick about the middle[1644] October last. His disease was the strangury, and the physitians judged it incurable by reason of his great age and naturall decay. About the 20ᵗʰ of November, my Lord being to remove from Chatsworth to Hardwick, Mr. Hobbes would not be left behind; and therefore with a fether bed laid into the coach, upon which he lay warme clad, he was conveyed safely, and was in appearance as well after that little journey as before it. But seven or eight days after, his whole right side was taken with the dead palsy, and at the same time he was made speechlesse. He lived after this seven days, taking very little nourishment, slept well, and by intervalls endeavoured to speake, but could not. In the whole time of his sicknesse he was free from fever. He seemed therefore to dye rather for want of the fuell of life (which was spent in him) and meer weaknesse and decay, then by the power of his disease, which was thought to be onely an effect of his age and weaknesse. He was born the 5th of Aprill, in the year 1588, and died the 4th of December, 1679. He was put into a woollen shroud and coffin, which was covered with a white sheet, and upon that a black herse cloth, and so carryed upon men's shoulders, a little mile to[1645] church. The company, consisting of the family and neighbours that came to his funerall, and attended him to his grave, were very handsomely entertained with wine, burned and raw, cake, biscuit, etc. He was buried in the parish church of Hault Hucknall, close adjoining to the raile of the monument of the grandmother of the present earle of Devonshire, with the service of the Church of England by the minister of the parish. It is intended to cover his grave with a stone of black marble as soon as it can be got ready, with a plain inscription of his name, the place of his birth, and the time of that and of his death.

As to his will, it is sent up to London to be proved there, and by the copy of it, which I here send you, I beleeve you will judge it fitt to make no mention of it in[1646]what you designe to get written by way of Commentary on his life.

As for the palsey in his hands, it began in ffrance, before the year 1650, and has grown upon him by degrees ever since; but Mr. Halleley remembers not how long it has disabled him to write legibly.

Mr. Halleley never heard of a pension from the ffrench king and beleeves there was no such thing ever intended. He desires you to accept of his thanks for your favourable remembrance of him, and of the returne of his respects to you by me. And if hereafter you should want any thing which we know, that might contribute[1647] to the honour of Mr. Hobbes's memory, upon the least notice, shall readily be imparted to you.

In the mean time, with much respect, I rest,

Sir, your much obliged and humble servant, JAMES WHELDON.

[1648]To my highly honoured frend, John Aubrey, esq., this humbly present.

* * * * *

[1649]_A true copy of Mr. Hobbes's will._

The 25th day of September in the 29th year of the raigne of our Soveraigne Lord, King Charles the Second, and in the yeare of our Lord God, 1677.

I, Thomas Hobbes, of Malmesbury, in the county of Wilts, gent. make this my last Will and Testament.

First, I bequeath to Mary Tirell, daughter of my deceased brother, Edmund Hobbes, forty pounds. Item, I bequeath to Elenor Harding, daughter also of my deceased brother, Edmund Hobbes, forty pounds. Item, I bequeath to Elizabeth Alaby, the daughter of Thomas Alaby, two hundred pounds, and because she is an orphan, and committed by me to the tuition of my executor, my will is, that she should be maintained decently by my executor, till she be 16 yeares of age, and that then the said two hundred pounds be delivered into her hands, being intended for her furtherance in marriage, but let her dispose of it as she please; and if it happen that the said Elizabeth Alaby die before she come to the age of 16 yeares, then my will is, that the said 200 _li._ be divided equally between the said Mary Tirell and Elenor Harding.

Item, whereas it hath pleased my good lord, the earle of Devonshire, to bid me oftentimes heretofore, and now at the making of this my last will, to dispose therein of one hundred pounds, to be paid by his lordship, for which I give him most humble thanks; I doe give and dispose of the same in this manner: There be five grand-children of my brother, Edmund Hobbes, to the eldest whereof, whose name is Thomas Hobbes, I have heretofore given a peece of land, which may and doth, I think, content him, and therefore to the other four that are younger, I dispose of the same 100 _li._ the gift of my lord of Devonshire, to be divided equally amongst them, as a furtherance to bind them apprentices.

And I make and ordaine James Wheldon, servant to the earle of Devonshire, my executor, to whom I give the residue of my money and goods whatsoever; and because I would have him in some sort contented for the great service he hath done me, I would pray his majestie to what I left him to add the arreare of my pension, or as much of it as it pleases his majestie.

(His name and seale.) Sealed, signed and published in the presence of

JOHN ASHTON, WILLᴹ. BARKER.

Item I give unto Mary Dell the sum of ten pounds.

* * * * *

I pray[1650] you keep his will private to your selfe and Mr. Hobbes's frends onely.

vi. _James Wheldon to John Aubrey._

[1651]Chatsworth, Sept. the 7th, 1680. Honoured Sir,

Although for these three weekes, since I receaved your letter, I have made all the enquiry I can, yet all that I hear of the death and buriall of Sir Charles Cavendish is that he was interred at Bolsover in the vault belonging to the family of the duke of Newcastle about the year 1652 or 1653. I will continue to make further inquiry, and if I can learne the day and the month of his death or buriall will give you notice of it.

I have sent you underwritten Mr. Hobbes's epitaph written by himselfe, which is but lately come to my hand from a person that copyed it from the originall.

With much respect, I rest, Sir, Your most humble and obliged servant, JAMES WHELDON.

My lord of Devonshire has paid the hundred pounds to Mr. Hobbes's kinred, which he bid Mr. Hobbes dispose of in his will.

Condita hic sunt ossa Thomae Hobbes Qui per multos annos servivit duobus comitibus Devoniae (patri et filio). Vir probus, et fama eruditionis. Domi forisque bene cognitus Obiit Anno Domini 1679, mensis Decⁱˢ die 4º, Aetatis suae 91.

[1652]To my much honoured frend John Aubrey, esq.

To[1653] be left at Mr. William Crooke's at the Green Dragon without Temple barr, London.

vii. _William Aubrey to John Aubrey._

[1654]Kington, June 5th, 1680.

Deare brother,

I sopose I shall be here more then a week longer as ... I know not whether Mr. John Stokes or Sir John Knight have the key of the study.

Jo. Tay ... buried 16 of July 1580.

Nicholas Fauckener, vicar, buried 20 July 1612.

Richard Hine[1655]....

I shall e<n>devour to set the family of the Powers to rights. It was honest parson P<ower's> grandmoth<er I> think and Jonath. Deekes grandmother was Thomas Lyte's sisters. Alderman Lyte's grandm. was a P<ower> of Stanton ..., which James Power, Mr. J. G. nephew might purchase againe with a wife, with 1500 _li._, but which formerly was worth 360 _li._ per annum, but he's goeing to creep into one of Jon. Deeks' woolpacks, viz. his daughter.

I was at Malmesbury but did see <neither> the church nor register but desired Mr. Binnion the parson to doe against I come againe; but Francis Hobbes' widow's good memory did give me much satisfaction. The register at Westport is not 80 yeares old (not more): the paving[1656] is all new[1657].

The old vicar Hobs was a good fellow and had been at cards all Saturday night, and at church in his sleep he cries out 'Trafells is troumps[1658]' (viz. clubs). Then quoth the clark, 'Then, master, he tha<t> have ace doe rub.'

He <was> a collirice[1659] man, and a parson (which I thinke succeeded him at Westport) provoked him (a purpose) at the church doore, soe Hobs stroke him and was forcd to fly for it and ... in obscurity beyound London; died there, was about 80 yeares since.

Mr. William Hobs, a great clothier (old Graye's predisessor in the same house). He had at Cleverton 60 _li._ or 80 _li._ per annum, and was first or 2 cousin to the philosipher. But his line is extinct. He was parson Stump's godfather, and brake in his trade. He had 1000 _li._ left and was 1000 _li._ in debt; and at London challenged one to throw with him one throw on the dye for 1000 _li._, and wonn, payd his debt, and afterwards flourished in his trade, and if there be any inscriptions of H<obbes>, it must be for him, in the abbye.

[1660]Mr. William Gale of Chipnam was buried yesterday. I was at Dracot, Wensday last; Sir J. and his lady was writing to you. They are in mourning for the earl of Marleborow. He died to-morrow will be three week[1661]. Sir J<ames> L<ong> is quartring his coat of arms.

To be left at Mr. Hooks lodgings in Gresham Colledge in Bishopsgate Street, London[1662].

<The lower part of this letter gave the following pedigree, but a piece has been torn off and is now MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 2.>

<_Pedigree of Hobbes._>

... HOBBES | +----------------------+----------------------+ | | 1. Francis Hobbes _m._ Katherine, daughter 2. Thomas _m._ ... Midleton. (This Francis lived of ... Phillips, a Hobbes, | in Burnevall at phisition at vicar. | Malmsbury, and Malmsbury. She | died about 40 yeares afterwards maried Mr. | since, sine prole). Potluck of Cirencester. | +---------------------------------+--------------+-+ | | | 1. Edmund _m._ Frances Ludlow, 2. Thomas, Anne Hobs _m._ Thomas Hobbes | of Shipton, com. 'of Malmsbury.' (see _infra_). Laurence. | Glocester. +------+-------------+---------------------------+ | | | 1. Mary _m._ Roger Elinor _m._ John Harding, Francis Hobs _m._ Sarah Hobbes | Tirell, Hobbes | of Sadlewood (see _infra_). Alexander. | of Westport. | in Glouster. | +--------------------------------+ +---+------+----------+------------+---------+ | | | | | | | 1. Roger. 2. Isaac 1. Alce[1663]. 2. Sarah. 3. Mary. | (25 years +---------+-+--------+ old). | | | 1. Roger, 2. James, Mary. aged 28, 23. Aprill last.

Anne Hobs (_supra_: the _m._ Thomas Laurence. philosopher's sister) | +------------+--------+-------+--+-------+-----------+-----------+ | | | | | | | 1. Thomas, 2. William. Henry, John. 1. Frances, 2. Mary 3. Anne sine prole. | sine | _m._ Richard _maried_ Laurence | prole. | Dicks, a William _maried_ +------+------+ | souldier of Povey, of Richard Gay | | | | the garison, Malmsbury. of Kington. 1. William. | | | and now not | | 2. Thomas. | | heard off. | | 3. Francis. Thomas. (One daughter.) | +----------+----------+-------+--+ | | | | 1. Thomas. 2. Robert, 3. Richard. 4. John. (R. Wiseman's godson).

Francis Hobs (_supra_: the _m._ Sarah Alexander, of philosopher's nephew). Obiit | Malmsbury. May 6, 12 yeares agoe: his | estate 80 _li._ per annum, | and more. | +--------------------------+----+-------+-----------+-----------+ | | | | | 1. Thomas _m._ Anne 2. Edmund, 3. William. 1. Sarah, 2. Francis Hobbes, a | Player, aetat. 19, _m._ James <i.e. tanner at | of Nov. last. Tyley, Nan Frances>. Malmsbury, | Malmsbury. Exon<'s> son aetat. 27, | of the Priory December last. | of Kington. His estate, 30 | _li._ per | annum. | +----------+----------+ | |

\--------------------------------------------------/ These are the only heires males of the Hobbes.

It is uncertaine whether Anne Gay have any brother or sister living, but it is pitty the poor woman should have somthing if it be but 5 shillings. If you know the executor speak for her.

I was saying to Francis Hobbes's widow (who remembers her service to you) that her son should get one of Mr. Thomas Hobbes's printed pictures.

In hast, Your very affectionat brother, WILLIAM AUBREY.

Keep a copie of Rogers' pedegree[1664].[1665] These to my honoured freind, Mr. John Awbrey present.

viii. _Hon. Charles Hatton to William Crooke._

<MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 26. The letter is written by a secretary, the signature C. Hatton being in a different hand. Crooke has endorsed it (fol. 27ᵛ) 'Mr. Hatton's letter about Mr. Hobs': to which Aubrey has added 'scil. the lord Hatton's son.' On fol. 27 is a note, probably by Crooke, of the 'tracts' referred to, viz. 'Life[1666], Rheto<ric>[1667], Considerations[1668], Natural Philosophy[1669].'>

[1670]Mr. Crooke,

I thanke you for the perusall of Mr. Hobbs his tracts which wase a civility I did not expect or desire, for I wou'd not have you at any time deliver any booke to any person who comes in my name unless he then payes you for it. I did desire only to know exactly the particular price of each tract bound apart in marble'd leather, guilt on the backe and ribbed, which pray send me by the bearer by whom I returne you your booke.

I have cursorily looked over Mr. Hobbs his life in Latine which I beleeve will be a very vendible booke both here and beyond sea, for ther is noe lover of learning but will have the curiosity to be

## particularly informed of the life of soe eminent a person. And truly

the reading of it wase very satisfactory to me, for in my apprehension it is very well writ, but I cou'd have wish'd the author had more dilated upon some particulars; and because you intimate a designe to publish it in English I shall hint to you that the author of the life in Latine hath either not taken notice of at all, or too slightingly, some things very remarkeable relating to the temper of Mr. Hobbs his mind or to the infirmity of his body, as his extraordinary timorousnes which he himself in his Latine poem doth very ingeniously confess and attributes it to the influence of his mother's dread of the Spanish invasion in 88, she being then with child of him. And I have been informed, I think by your self, that Mr. Hobbs wase for severall yeares before he died soe paralyticall that he wase scarce able to write his name, and that in the absence of his amanuensis not being able to write anything he made scrawls on a piece of paper to remind him of the conceptions of his mind he design'd to have committed to writing. But the author[1671] of his life in Latine only sa<i>th that about 60 yeares of age he wase taken with a trembling in his hands, the forerunner of the palsy; which in my apprehension deserves to be enlarg'd upon, for it is very prodigious that neither the timorousness of his nature from his infancy, nor the decay of his vital heat in the extremity of old age, accompagnied with the palsy to that violence, shou'd not have chill'd the briske fervour and vigour of his mind, which did wonderfully continue to him to his last; which is a subject fit to be discours'd on by a genious equally philosophicall with Mr. Hobbs, wase that now to be hoped for. It is soe considerable to me that I cou'd not refrayne acquainting you that in my apprehension it wase convenient you tooke notice therof in his life you are setting forth in English.

I am, your assured freind, C. HATTON.

[1672]Mr. Crooke, at the Green Dragon, nere Temple-bar.

_Notes._

[FF] (P. 323.) On fol. 29ᵛ of MS. Aubr. 9, Anthony Wood notes:--'Send to Malmsburie to take out of the register the Christian name of Mr. Hobs' father, when Mr. Hobbs was borne, or when his said father was buried.' [On this Aubrey notes:--'As I remember he dyed at Thistleworth; vide the register booke at Thistleworth, where Mr. Hobbes his father lived in obscurity a reader, and there dyed about 1630.'] Wood goes on:--'I remember when I was there' <in 1676, Clark's Wood's _Life and Times_, ii. 410, 411> 'there were two inscriptions of the Hobs on brass plates; one dyed 1606, quaere. Take out the names of all the Hobs in the register.' Obedient to this advice, Aubrey sent his brother William to Malmesbury: _supra_, p. 387.

[FG] (P. 323.) In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 26, Aubrey puts the substance of this paragraph in a neater form:--

'Mr. Hobbes' father was minister of Westport, to which Brokenborough and Charlton doe belong as chapells of ease, but all not worth above.... He was one of the clergie of Queen Elizabeth's time--a little learning went a great way with him and many other Sir Johns in those days--he read homilies.'

[FH] (P. 323.) On fol. 30 of MS. Aubr. 9 is another draft of this paragraph:--'He had an elder brother, Francis Hobbes, a wealthy man, and had been alderman of the borough' (dupl. with 'towne'); 'by profession a glover, which is a great trade here and was heretofore greater. He was _orbus_. He contributed much, or altogether maintained his nephew Thomas at Magdalen Hall in Oxon; and when he dyed gave him an _agellum_ (vocat. "the Gasten"), which lyes neer the horse faire: valet per annum 16 _li._ vel 18 _li._'

[FI] (P. 324.) Anthony Wood notes:--'Quaere in the register of Brakenborough when they were maried and their you'l find her Christian name.'--MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30ᵛ.

[FJ] (P. 326.) In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31ᵛ, Anthony Wood suggests the following paragraph for the transition from the account of Malmsbury to the life of Hobbes:--

'As Malmsbury was famous in this respect that it gave death and buriall to that famous philosopher of his time Johannes Scotus _alias_ Erigina who was stabd to death with penknives by his scholars, where there was a statue set up in memory of him (ut in _Hist. et Antiq. Oxon._ lib. 1, pag. 16 _b_), so much more famous in later times for the birth of that great philosopher T. H.'

In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28, Aubrey begins his sketch of Hobbes' life thus:--'Westport juxta Malmesbury:--This place is for nothing so famous as for the birth of my honoured and learned friend and countryman, Mr. Thomas Hobbes, author of _de Corpore_, _de Homine_, _de Cive_, etc.

He was borne the 5th day of Aprill 1588 at his father's howse, which is the farthest on the left hand as you goe in the way or street called ..., leaving the church on the right hand.'

[FK] (P. 326.) The verses alluded to are in Hobbes's metrical life of himself (MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28--'he writt his life last yeare, viz. 1673, in Latin verse'). Aubrey cites these lines, MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31ᵛ:--

'T.H. _Vita_ in verse

Oppidulum parvum est; habuit sed multa relatu Digna, sed imprimis Coenobium celebre, Et castrum (melius nisi sint dua castra vocanda) Colle sita, et bino flumine cincta fere.

Vide mapp' <perhaps Speed's map of Wiltshire: but on a slip at fol. 31ᵛ, Aubrey gives a 'map' of Malmesbury: see _supra_, pp. 325, 326>.

On this Anthony Wood comments: 'See 1 vol. of _Monast. Anglican._ concerning the monastery.'

[FL] (P. 326.) The matter of this paragraph is put a little more clearly in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28: 'Westport juxta Malmesbury:--The church was dedicated to St. Mary. Here were three aisles[1673] which tooke up the whole area. And <the church was> reported to be more ancient then the abbey. In the windowes (which were very good) were inscriptions which declared so much. Quaere, if Madulph the Scottsman taught here--unde origo monasterii? Vide Camdenum de hoc.

Before the late warres here was a prettie church, where were very good windowes and a faire steeple, higher than the other, which much adorned the towne of Malmesbury. In it were five tuneable bells, which Sir William Waller or his army melted into ordinance, or rather sold. The church was pulled downe that the enimie might not shelter themselves against the garrison of Malmesbury.'

[FM] (P. 328.) Aubrey's _Collection of Genitures_ is now MS. Aubr. 23. The place Aubrey here refers to is fol. 52ᵛ in that MS., viz.:--

'Mr. Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury borne at Westport juxta Malmesbury 1588, April 5, being Good Fryday, 5ʰ 2´ mane, horâ solis' <i.e. at sunrise>. 'I had the yeare, and day, and houre from his owne mouth.'

Aubrey in several places recurs to this point, e.g. in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28:--

'Mr. Thomas Hobbes told me that he was borne Apr. 5ᵗʰ 1588 on Good Fryday, in the morning between 4 and six.'

[FN] (P. 328.) Aubrey took great interest in this as an example in astrology, in which 'art' he thoroughly believed. He alludes to Hobbes's horoscope in several places, e.g. note on fol. 32ᵛ in MS. Aubr. 9:--

'Dr. <Francis> Bernard, physitian, will write a discourse on his nativity. Mr. John Gadbury hath calculated this nativity from my time given, and will print it. Why should not I insert' <dupl. with 'print'> 'the scheme and give a summary of his judgement? It would be gratefull to those that love that art.' Whereon Anthony Wood notes--'You should never ask these questions but do them out of hand forthwith--you have time enough, and if it be done by Easter terme 'tis well.'

MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28:--'<Send> to Mr. J. Gadbury and Dr. Bernard <T. H.'s> accidents.'

MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8:--'T. Hobbes--Quaere Dr. Bernard pro his nativity: vide my Collection of Genitures ubi from his owne mouth more correct then formerly, viz. 5ʰ 2´ mane.'

This horoscope is given in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 82, and is reproduced in facsimile at the end of this edition.

Pasted on to fol. 1ᵛ of MS. Aubr. 9 is the scheme with this note:--'This scheme was erected according to the aestimate time by Mr. Henry Coley, astrologer.--Thomas Hobbes, Malmesburiensis, borne at Westport juxta Malmesbury, 1588, April 5, being Good Fryday, 5ʰ 2´ mane, hora solis[1674]. I had the yeare and day and houre from his owne mouth.'

[FO] (P. 328.) In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 26, thus:--'At fower yeer old Mr. Thomas Hobbes went to schoole in Westport church till 8--then[1675] the church was painted. At 8 he could read well and number a matter of four or five figures.

After, he went to Malmesbury to parson Evans.

After him, he had for his schoolemaster, Mr. Robert Latimer[CXXIX.], a good Graecian; by whom he so well profited that at 14 yeares old he went a good scholler to Magdalen Hall in Oxford.'

[CXXIX.] Who being a bachelor (not above 19) taught him and two or three more ingeniose laddes after supper till 9.

[FP] (P. 330.) As seen in the next paragraph, there was some doubt as to which 'Principal of Magdalen Hall' recommended Hobbes to the earl of Devonshire's service. In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29, is the note:--

'Take notice of Dr. Blackburne's altering some times and dates,' <in Hobbes' prose Latin life of himself, prefixed to the _Auctarium vitae Hobbianae_> 'differing from this originall, e.g. of Mr. Hobbes being admitted at Magdalen Hall when Sir James Hussey was principall, which he would doe against my consent because he sayd it "would make a better picture," wheras by the matriculation-booke it appeares that Dr. Wilkinson was then the principall.'

[FQ] (P. 331.) On fol. 34ᵛ of MS. Aubr. 9, Aubrey has the following account of Gorhambury:--

'Memorandum in my Liber B[1675]. I have sett downe an exact description of this delicious parquet[1676], now (1656) plowed up and spoil'd. The east part of it which extends towards Verulam-house (pulled downe, and the materialls sold by Sir H<arbottle> Grimston, about ten yeares since) consisted of severall parts, viz. some thickets of plumme-trees, with fine walkes between; some of rasberies. Here were planted most fruit-trees which would grow in our climate; and also severall choice forest-trees. The walkes both of boscages and fruit-trees; and in severall places where were the best prospects, were built elegant summerhouses[1677] of Roman architecture, then standing (1656) well[1678] wainscotted, but the paving gonne. One would have thought the most barbarous nation had made a conquest here. This place was, in his lordship's time, a sanctuary for phesants, partridges, and those of severall kinds and nations, as Spanish, &c. speckled, white, etc. I have, in this lib. B., four leves in fol. close written of the two houses, gardens, woods, &c. and of his lordship's manner of living and grandarie, which perhaps would doe well in a description of Hartfordshire, or, perhaps[1679], in his lordship's life.'

[FR] (P. 332.) In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 1ᵛ, is this note:--'Dr. <John> Pell says that for a man to begin to study mathematics at 40 yeares old, 'tis as if one should at that age learne to play on the lute--applicable to Mr. Thomas Hobbes. Vide vitam Jonae Moore.'

[FS] (P. 338.) In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 26, thus:--

'Memorandum:--about the time of the King's returne[CXXX.], he was makeing of a very good poëme in Latin hexameters. It was the history of the encroachment of the clergie (both Roman and Reformed) on the civill power. I sawe at least 300 verses (they were mark't). At what time there was a report the bishops would have him burn't for a heretique. So he then feared the search of his papers and burned the greatest part of these verses.'

[CXXX.] Quaere in what yeares his bookes were writ.

[FT] (P. 339.) The first draft of this passage stood as follows, MS. Aubr. 9, foll. 40, 41:--'In April following was the dawning of the coming in of our gracious soveraigne, who being a great lover of curious painting I knew could not but sett for his picture to my ever honoured friend Mr. S. Cowper, who[1680] besides his art was an ingeniose person and of great humanity. In April I wrott a letter to Mr. Hobbes in Derbyshire, by all meanes desiring him to come-up and make use of the opportunity of renewing his majestie's graces to him at our friend's howse. He thanked me for'--etc.

[FU] (P. 341.) Aubrey, writing to Wood, on Feb. 3, 1672/3, enlarges on this treatise: Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 196ᵛ:--

'The old gent. (T. Hobbes) is strangely vigorous, for his understanding, still; and every morning walkes abroad to meditate.

'He haz writt a treatise concerning lawe, which 8 or 9 yeares since I much importuned him to doe, and, in order to it, gave him the Lord Chancellor Bacon's _Maximes of the Lawe_. Now every one will doe him the right to acknowledge he is rare for definitions, and the lawyers building on old-fashiond maximes (some right, some wrong) must need fall into severall paralogismes. Upon this consideration I was earnest with him to consider these things. To which he was unwilling, telling me he doubted he should not have dayes enough left to doe it.

'He drives on, in this, the king's prerogative high. Judge <Sir Matthew> Hales, who is no great courtier, has read it and much mislikes it, and is his enemy. Judge Vaughan has read it and much commends it.'

[FV] (P. 355.) Note, however, that on some of the letters from Hobbes in MS. Aubr. 9, viz., those of date March 25, 1679 (fol. 11ᵛ, fol. 13ᵛ), and that of date Aug. 18, 1679 (fol. 15ᵛ), the seal shows a gate or portcullis, with an R turned backwards, i.e. Я, on the left side of it.

James Wheldon's letter of Jan. 16, 1679/80 (fol. 17ᵛ), has a seal bearing a man's bust, with helmet and cuirass.

[FW] (P. 357.) In MS. Aubr. 21, p. 19, Aubrey, in his projected comedy, makes use of this verdict on the innate cruelty of some dispositions. He puts into the mouth of his country-justice this speech:--

"If ye talke of skinnes, the best judgment to be made of the fineness of skinnes is at the whipping-post by the stripes. Ah! 'tis the best lechery to see 'em suffer correction. Your London aldermen take great lechery to see the poor wretches whipt at the court at Bridewell."

On which Aubrey goes on to comment: 'Old Justice Hooke gave ... per lash to wenches; as also my old friend George Pott, esq. Vide Animadversions Philosophicall on that ugly kind of pleasure and of crueltie--were it not for the law there were no living; some would take delight in killing of men.'

[FX] (P. 375.) The substance is:--

'Hobbes brought to the investigation of facts an acute intellect and long experience, and carried on, into the next generation, the Baconian spirit.

'He had been Bacon's secretary, and owed much to his master, from whom, in particular, he borrowed his comparative, i.e. inductive, methods. But he had also fine natural gifts.

'He excited the fears, and therefore the hostility, of the clerical party in England, and of the Oxford mathematicians and their supporters. For this reason, Charles II compared him to a bear, worried by mastiffs.

'In his political system, he insisted on the necessity of wisdom in sovereigns. In not meddling with the Creeds of the Churches and in assailing the Presbyterians and the Bishops of England, he is not to be blamed.'

* * * * *

Note that, on fol. 42ᵛ of MS. Aubr. 9, is a note 'to the earl of Devon, then in Great Queen Street,' with a mark referring it to the opposite page. The then opposite page is, in the present foliation, fol. 48, but has now nothing to which the note can be attached. There are traces, however, which show that a slip has been torn off it.

=Thomas Hobbes' life, by himself.=

<_Aubrey's preface._>

[1681]This was the draught that Mr. Hobbs first did leave in my hands, which he sent for about two yeares before he died, and wrote that which is printed in his Life in Latin by Dr. Richard Blackburn which I lent to him and he was carelesse and not remaunded it from the printer and so 'twas made wast paper of.

<_Hobbes' autobiography._>

[1682]Thomas Hobbes, natus Apr. 5, 1588, Malmesburiae agri Wiltoniensis, literis Latinis et Graecis initiatus, annum agens decimum quartum missus est Oxonium: ubi per quinquennium mansit, operam impendens studio Logicae et Physicae Aristotelicae.

Cum annum ageret vicesimum commendatus ab amicis, Oxonio relicto, recepit se in domum domini Gulielmi Cavendish, baronis de Hardwick et (paulo post) comitis Devoniae: ubi filio ejus primogenito, adolescenti sibi fere coaetaneo, servivit, placuitque tum filio tum patri, temperans, sedulus, hilaris.

Anno sequente cum domino suo in urbe perpetuo fere degens, quod didicerat linguae Graecae et Latinae magna ex parte amiserat.

Deinde per Italiam et Galliam peregrinantem dominum sequutus, gentium illarum linguas eousque didicit ut intelligere eas mediocriter potuerit. Interea Graecam et Latinam paulatim perire sibi sentiens, Philosophiam autem Logicamque (in quibus praeclare profecisse se arbitrabatur) viris prudentibus derisui esse videns, abjecta Logica et Philosophia illa vana, quantum temporis habebat vacui impendere decrevit linguis Graecae et Latinae.

Itaque cum in Angliam reversus esset, Historias et Poetas (adhibitis grammaticorum celebrium commentariis) versavit diligenter, non ut floride sed ut Latine posset scribere, et vim verborum cogitatis congruentem invenire, itaque verba disponere ut lectio perspicua et facilis esset. Inter Historias Graecas, Thucididem prae caeteris dilexit et vacuis horis in sermonem Anglicum paulatim conversum cum nonnullâ laude circa annum Christi 1628 in publicum edidit, eo fine ut ineptiae democraticorum Atheniensium concivibus suis patefierent.

Eo anno comes Devoniae, cui jam servierat viginti annos, diem obiit, patre ejus biennio ante defuncto.

Anno sequente, qui erat Christi 1629, cum attigisset annum quadragesimum, rogatus a nobilissimo viro domino Gervasio Clinton ut vellet filium adolescentem suum comitari in Galliam, accepit conditionem. In peregrinatione illa inspicere coepit in elementa Euclidis; et delectatus methodo illius non tam ob theoremata illa quam ob artem rationandi diligentissime perlegit.

Anno Christi 1631 revocatus est in familiam comitissae Devoniae ut filium suum comitem Devoniae, natum annos 13, in literis instrueret; quem etiam circiter triennium post comitatus est in Galliam et Italiam, studiorum ejus et itinerum rector.

Dum moraretur Parisiis, principia scientiae naturalis investigare coepit. Quae cum in natura et varietate motuum contineri sciret, quaesivit inprimis qualis motus is esse posset qui efficit sensionem, intellectum, phantasmata, aliasque proprietates animalium, cogitatis suis cum reverendo patre Marino Mersenno, ordinis Minimorum, in omni genere philosophiae versatissimo viroque optimo, quotidie communicatis.

Anno Christi 1637 cum patrono suo in Angliam rediit et apud illum mansit; unde de rebus naturalibus commercia cum Mersenno per literas continuavit.

Interea Scoti, depulsis episcopis, sumpserunt arma contra regem, faventibus etiam ministris Anglis illis qui vocari solent Presbyteriani. Itaque convocatum est in Anglia Parlamentum illud notissimum quod inceptum est Nov. 3, 1640. Ex iis quae in illo Parlamento tribus quatuorve diebus primis consulta viderat, Bellum Civile ingruere et tantum non adesse sentiens, retulit se rursus in Galliam, scientiarum studio Parisiis tutius vacaturus cum Mersenno, Gassendo, aliisque viris propter eruditionem et vim in rationando celeberrimis--non enim dico philosophis, quia nomen illud, a plurimis nebulonibus jamdiu gestatum, tritum, inquinatum, nunc infame est.

Cum jam Parisiis ageret, libellum scripsit _De Cive_, quem edidit anno 1646, quo tempore, praevalentibus Parlamentariis, multi eorum qui partes regis sequuti erant, et in illis princeps Walliae (qui nunc est rex Angliae), Parisiis confluxerunt. Statuerat circa idem tempus,[1683]hortatu amici cujusdam nobilis Languedociani, migrare in Languedociam, et praemiserat jam quae sibi necessaria erant, sed commendatus principi ut elementa Mathematicae illi praelegeret, substit<it> Parisiis.

Quod ab hoc munere temporis habuit vacui consumpsit in scribendo librum qui nunc non solum in Anglia sed in vicinis gentibus notissimus est, nomine _Leviathan_; quem etiam in Anglia edendum curavit, ipse manens adhuc Parisiis, anno 1651, annum agens 63ᵐ. In eo opere jus regium tum spirituale tum temporale ita demonstravit tum rationibus tum authoritate scripturae sacrae, ut perspicuum fecerit pacem in orbe Christiano nusquam diuturnam esse posse nisi vel doctrina illa sua recepta fuerit vel satis magnus exercitus cives ad concordiam compulerit: opus ut ille sperabat concivibus suis, praesertim vero illis qui ab episcopis steterant, non ingratum. Quanquam enim unicuique, illo tempore, scribere et edere theologica quae vellet liberum erat, quia regimen ecclesiae (potestate declarandi quae doctrinae essent haereses, ipsius regis authoritate sublata, episcopis exutis, rege ipso trucidato) tum nullum erat, diligenter tamen cavit ne quid scriberet non modo contra sensum scripturae sacrae sed etiam contra doctrinam ecclesiae Anglicanae qualis ante bellum ortum authoritate regia constituta fuerat. Nam et ipse regimen ecclesiae per episcopos prae caeteris formis omnibus semper approbaverat, atque hoc duobus signis manifestum fecit. Primo, cum in oppido Sti. Germani prope Parisios morbo gravissimo lecto affixus esset, venit ad eum Mersennus, rogatus a quodam amico communi ne amicum suum extra ecclesiam Romanam mori pateretur. Is lecto assidens (post exordium consolatorium) de potestate ecclesiae Romanae peccata remittendi aliquantisper disseruit, cui ille 'Mi pater,' inquit. 'haec omnia jamdudum mecum disputavi, eadem disputare nunc molestum erit: habes quod dicas amoeniora,--quando vidisti Gassendum?' Quibus auditis, Mersennus sermonem ad alia transtulit. Paucis post diebus accessit ad illum Dr. Johannes Cosenus, episcopus (post) Dunelmensis, obtulitque se illi comprecatorem ad Deum. Cui ille cum gratias reddidisset, 'Ita,' inquit, 'si precibus praeiveris juxta ritum ecclesiae nostrae.' Magnum hoc erga disciplinam episcopalem signum erat reverentiae.

Anno 1651 exemplaria aliquot illius libri, Londini recens editi, in Galliam transmissa sunt, ubi theologi quidam Angli doctrinas quasdam in illo libro contentas, tum ut haereticas tum ut partibus regiis adversas, criminati sunt; et valuere quidem aliquamdiu calumniae illae in tantum ut domo regia prohibitus fuerit. Quo factum est ut, protectione regia destitutus, metuensque ne a clericis Romanis, quos praecipue laeserat, male tractaretur, in Angliam conatus sit refugere.

Rediens in Angliam concionantes quidem invenit in ecclesiis sed seditiosos; etiam preces extemporarias, et illas audaces et nonnunquam blasphemas; symbolum autem fidei nullum, decalogum nullum; adeo ut per tres primos menses non invenerit quibuscum in sacris communicare potuerit. Tandem ab amico ductus ad ecclesiam a suo hospitio[1684] plusquam mille passus distantem ubi pastor erat vir bonus et doctus, qui et coenam Domini ritu ecclesiastico administravit, cum illo in sacris communicavit. Alterum hoc signum erat non modo hominis

## partium episcopalium sed etiam Christiani sinceri; nam illo tempore

ad ecclesiam quamcunque legibus aut metu cogebatur nemo. Quae igitur episcopo cuiquam cum illo causa irae esse potuit, nisi ei qui neminem a se dissentire pati per superbiam posset?

Interea doctrinam ejus academici et ecclesiastici condemnabant fere omnes; laudabant nobiles, et viri docti, ex laicis. Refellebat nemo: conati refellere, confirmabant. Scripsit enim non ex auditione et lectione ut scholaris, sed ex judicio proprio cognita et pensitata omnia, sermone puro et perspicuo, non rhetorico. Stantem inter amicos et inimicos quasi in aequilibrio, fecerunt illi ne ob doctrinam opprimeretur, hi, ne augeretur. Itaque fortuna tenui, fama doctrinae ingenti, in patroni sui, comitis Devoniae, hospitio per caeterum vitae tempus perpetuo delituit, studio vacans geometriae et philosophiae naturalis; ediditque jam senex librum quendam quem inscripsit _De Corpore_, continentem Logicae, Geometriae, Physicae (tum sublunaris, tum coelestis) fundamenta, deducens Logicam quidem a significatione nominum, Geometriam autem et Physicam ex figurarum et effectuum naturalium generationibus.

Hominis ergo neque genere neque opibus neque negotiis belli aut pacis assueti vitam scribo et in publicum emitto, sed in omni genere scientiae excellentis et fere singularis. Cujus ingenium ut cognoscerent, partim etiam ut sua ostentarent, convenerunt <ad> eum viri innumeri tum nostrates tum exteri, et inter illos nonnulli legati principum aliique viri nobilissimi; adeo ut conjectura inde facta de voluntate hominum eruditorum qui posthac erunt, non ingratum fore posteritati existimavi si quem vidisse voluerunt illius vitam literis posteritati tradiderim, praecipue quidem ut quae scientiis ille primus addidit, deinde etiam caetera vitae ejus quae a lectoribus desiderari posse videbuntur cognoscerent.

Quae scripsit de jure naturali, de constitutione civitatum, de jure eorum qui summam habent potestatem, et de officiis civium, in libris _Leviathan_ et _De Cive_ (quia domi forisque nota et maxime celebrata sunt) praetereunda censeo.

In Physicis causam sensuum, praecipue visus, una cum doctrina omni optica et natura lucis, refractionis reflectionisque causas naturales, ignotas ante, primus demonstravit, in libro _De Homine_. Item causas qualitatum sensibilium nimirum colorum, soni, caloris, et frigoris. Somnia autem et phantasmata quae antea pro spiritibus et mortuorum animis habebantur et rudi vulgo terriculamenta erant, omnia profligavit. Causam autem aestuum marinorum et descensionis gravium, a motu quodam telluris praecipue derivavit. Nam phaenomena illa omnia ad motum refert, non ad rerum ipsarum potentias intrinsecas neque ad qualitates occultas, ut ante illum omnes physici. De motu autem in libro _De Corpore_ satis fuse scripsit et profundissime. In Ethicis ante illum nihil scriptum est praeter sententias vulgares. At ille mores hominum ab humana natura, virtutes et vitia a lege naturali, et bonitatem[1685] maliciamque actionum a legibus civitatum, derivavit. In Mathematicis principia geometriae nonnulla correxit; problemata aliquot difficillima, a summis geometris (ab ipsis geometriae incunabulis) summo studio frustra quaesita, invenit, nimirum haec--

1º. arcui circuli lineam rectam, areae circuli quadratum aequale, exhibere, idque variis methodis--in diversis libris.

2º. datum angulum dividere in data ratione;

3º. cubi ad sphaeram rationem invenire--in _Problematibus Geometricis_.

4º. inter duas rectas datas medias continue proportionales invenire quotcunque--in _Problematibus Geometricis_.

5º. polygonum regulare describere quotcunque laterum--in _Roseto_.

6º. centrum gravitatis invenire quadrantis circuli et bilinei quod continetur arcu quadrantis et subtenta ejus--in _Roseto_.

7º. centra gravitatis invenire paraboli-formium omnium, in libra _De Corpore_.

Haec omnia primus construxit et demonstravit, et praeterea alia multa quae (quia legentibus occurrent et minoris sunt) praetereo.

Facient opinor haec ut vita ejus non indigna videatur quae tum ad exteros tum ad posteros scientiarum studiosos transmittatur, praesertim hoc tempore, cum scribuntur vulgo vitae obscurorum hominum nulla virtute insignium, desiderante nemine.

Scripsit praeterea, circa annum aetatis suae octagesimum, historiam belli civilis Anglicani inter regem Carolum primum et parlamentum ejus, anno ...; item ortum et incrementa potestatis pontificiae, carmine Latino, versuum duûm millium, sed non sinebant tempora ut publicarentur.

Silentibus tandem adversariis, annum agens octagesimum, <pri>mum, Homeri Odyssea edidit a se conversum in versus Anglicanos, ...; deinde, proximo, etiam Iliada; denique Cyclometriam, annum agens <...>gessimum primum, integram nondum editam.

Quod ad formam attinet, vultu erat non specioso sed cum loqueretur non ingrato. Effigies ejus ad vivum a pictore excellente descripta, qualis erat anno aetatis suae septuagesimo, in conclavi regis Caroli secundi conservatur. Extant etiam ejusdem imagines ab aliis pictoribus diversis temporibus factae rogatu amicorum in Anglia non paucae et in Gallia aliquot.

Natura sua et primis annis ferebatur ad lectionem historiarum et poetarum; et ipse quoque carmen tentavit, nec (ut plurimi judicabant) infoeliciter. Postea autem cum in congressu quodam virorum doctorum, mentione facta de causa sensionis, quaerentem unum quasi per contemptum 'quid esset sensus?' nec quemquam audivisset respondentem, mirabatur quî fieri potuerit ut qui sapientiae titulo homines caeteros tanto fastu despicerent suos ipsorum sensus quid essent ignorarent. Ex eo tempore de causa sentiendi saepe cogitanti, forte fortunâ mentem subiit quod si res corporeae et earum partes omnes conquiescerent aut motu simili semper moverentur[1686]sublatum iri omnium rerum discrimen et (per consequens) omnem sentionem, et propterea causam omnium rerum quaerendam esse in diversitate motuum: atque hoc principio usus est primo. Deinde, ut cognosceret varietates et rationes motuum, ad geometriam cogebatur, et a principiis suis ingenio suo theoremata illa quae supra commemoravi foeliciter demonstravit. Tantum interest inter illos qui proprio genio et illos qui in archivis veterum aut ad quaestum docentium scientiarum veritatem quaerunt.

In colloquiis familiaribus jucundus erat, praeterquam illorum qui ad illum venerant disputandi causa contra ea quae jam ediderat (nec revocari poterant) de jure summarum potestatum civili aut ecclesiastico; nam cum his vehementius aliquando disputabat quam erat necessarium.

Naturaliter apertus erat, et inter adversarios qui multi potentesque erant innocentia magis quam consilio tutus.

Justiciae erat cum scientissimus, tum tenacissimus. Nec mirum, cum esset pecuniae neglegentissimus, et pro tenuitate fortunarum suarum ultra modum beneficus. Sed beneficio patronorum suorum et regis optimi dulcissimique Caroli secundi satis copiose senex vixit.

=William Holder= (1616-1697/8).

[1687]William Holder[FY], D.D., the ...d son[1688] of ... Holder; his mother's mayden name was Brudenell. He was borne the ... in Nottinghamshire; went to schoole at ...; went to Pembroke-hall[1689] in Cambridge, where he had a Greeke-scholar's place. Anno <1636/7>, Artium Baccalaureus; anno <1640> Artium Magister.

About 1640, he maried ... the ... daughter of <Christopher> Wren, deane of Windsore and rector of Knowyll in Wiltshire.

Anno Domini 1642, had his institution and induction for the rectorie of Bletchington in com. Oxon.

In the troublesome times he was with his father-in-lawe Wren at the garrison of Bristowe. After the surrender of it to the Parliament, he lived ... year at Knowyll with him.

Anno about 1646[1690], he went to Bletchington to his parsonage, where his hospitality and learning, mixt with great courtesie, easily conciliated the love of all his neighbours to him. The deane came with him thither, and dyed and is buryed there.

He was very helpfull in the education of his brother-in-law, Mr. Christopher Wren (now knighted), a youth of a prodigious inventive witt, and of whom he was as tender as if he had been his owne child, who[1691] gave him his first instructions in geometrie and arithmetique, and when he was a young scholar at the University of Oxford, was a very necessary and kind friend.

The parsonage-house at Bletchington was Mr. Christopher Wren's home, and retiring-place; here he contemplated, and studied, and found-out a great many curious things in mathematiques. About this house[1692] he made severall curious dialls, with his owne handes, which are still there to be seen. ☞ Which see, as well worthy to be seen.

But to returne to this honest worthy gentleman--he is a good poet. I have some very good verses (about 100) in Latin on St. Vincent's-rocks and the hott-well, neere Bristowe. He is very musicall, both theorically and practically, and he had a sweet voyce. He hath writt an excellent treatise of musique, in English, which is writt both _doctis et indoctis_, and readie for the presse. He is extremely well qualified for his[1693]place, of Sub-Deane of the King's Chapell, to which he was preferred[1694] anno 167<4>, as likewise of the Sub-Almoner, being a person abhorring covetousnes, and full of pitty[1695].

Anno 16--(vide his ...) ... Popham (the only son of ... Popham, admirall for the Parliament), being borne deafe and dumbe[1696], was sent to him to learne to speake, which he taught him to doe: by what method, and how soon, you may see in the Appendix concerning it to his _Elements of Speech_, 8vo, London, printed <1669>. It is a most ingeniose and curious discourse, and untouched by any other; he was beholding to no author; did only consult with nature. This booke I sent to Mr. Anthony Lucas, at Liege, who very much admires it and I have desired him to translate it into French. Dr. John Wallis unjustly arrogates the glory of teaching the sayd young gentleman to speake, in the Philosophical Transactions, and in Dr. Robert Plott's History of Oxfordshire; which occasioned Dr. Holder to write a ... against him, a pamphlet in 4to, 167-.

He has good judgement in painting and drawing.

In anno <1652> he was made a prebendary of Ely. Anno <1663> had the parsonage of <Northwold> in Norfolk.

He is a handsome, gracefull person, and of a delicate constitution, and of an even and smooth temper; so that, if one would goe about to describe a perfect good man, would drawe this Doctor's character. Of a just stature; grey eie; tall and well-sett; sanguine; thin skin; roundish face; gracefull elocution; his discourse so gent. and obligeing; cleer reason.

They say that _morum similitudo conci<li>at amicitiam_; then it will not be found strange that there should be such a conjunct friendship between this worthy gentleman and the right reverend father in God, Seth Ward, lord bishop of Sarum, his coetanean in Cambridge.

It ought not to be forgott the great and exemplary love between this Doctor and his vertuose wife, who is not lesse to be admired, in her sex and station, then her brother Sir Christopher; and (which is rare to be found in a woman) her excellences doe not inflate her. Amongst many other guifts she haz a strange sagacity as to curing of wounds, which she does not doe so much by presedents and reciept bookes, as by her owne excogitancy, considering the causes, effects, and circumstances. His majestie king Charles II, 167-, had hurt his ... hand, which he intrusted his chirurgians to make well; but they ordered him so that they made it much worse, so that it swoll, and pained him up to his shoulder; and pained him so extremely that he could not sleep, and began to be feaverish. ... told the king what a rare shee-surgeon he had in his house; she was presently sent for at eleven clock at night. She presently made ready a pultisse, and applyed it, and gave his majestie sudden ease, and he slept well; next day she dressed him, and in ... perfectly cured him, to the great griefe of all the surgeons, who envy and hate her.

Non Illo melior quisquam, nec amantior aequi Vir fuit: aut Illâ reverentior ulla Deorum.

OVID. _Metam._ lib. i.

_Note._

[FY] Aubrey gives the coat, 'sable, a chevron between 3 anchors argent.' Anthony Wood adds the reference 'vide pag. 65 _a_,' i.e. fol. 95, of MS. Aubr. 6, in the life of John Wallis.

=Hugh Holland= (15-- -1633).

[1697]From Sir John Penrudock:--Hugh Holland, poeta: he was descended of the family of the earles of Kent, etc., and was a Roman Catholique. The lady Elizabeth Hatton (mother to the lady Purb<ec>) was his great patronesse (vide B. Jonson's masque of the Gipsies for these two beauties).

Sir J<ohn> P<enrudock> asked him his advice as he was dyeing, (or he then gave it) that, the best rule for him to governe his life was to reade St. Hierome's Epistles.

He was buried in Westminster Abbey[1698], in the south crosse aisle neer the dore of St. Benet's Chapell, i.e. where the earl of Middlesex monument is, but there is no monument or inscription for him. He was buryed July 23, 1633.

He was of a Lancashire family.

Tho. Holland, earl of Kent (his sonnes, dukes of Surrey), tempore Rich. 2.

=Philemon Holland= (1551-1637).

[1699]Philêmon Holland was schoole-master of the free-schoole at Coventrey, and that for many yeares. He made a great many good scholars. He translated T. Livius, anno 15--, with one and the same pen, which the lady ... (vide at the end of his translation of Suetonius) embellished with silver, and kept amongst her rare κειμηλια[1700]. He wrote a good hand, but a rare Greeke character; witnesse the MS. of Euclid's Harmoniques in the library belonging to the schoole. He translated severall Latin authors,--e.g. Tit. Livius, Plinii Hist. Natur., Suetonius Tranquillus: quaere +.

One made this epigram on him:--

'Philêmon with 's translations doeth so fill us, He will not let SUETONIUS be TRANQUILLUS.'

=Wenceslaus Hollar= (1607-1677).

[1701]Winceslaus Hollar, natus Pragae 23 Julii, st<ilo> v<etere>, 1607, about 8 A.M.

[1702]Winceslaus Hollar, Bohemus, was borne at Prague.

His father was a Knight of the Empire: which is by lettres patent under the imperiall seale (as our baronets). I have seen it[1703]: the seale is bigger then the broad seale of England: in the middle is the imperiall coate; and round about it are the coates of the Princes Electors. His father was a Protestant, and either for keeping a conventicle, or being taken at one, forfeited his estate, and was ruined by the Roman Catholiques.

He told me that when he was a schoole-boy he tooke a delight in draweing of mapps; which draughts he kept, and they were pretty. He was designed by his father to have been a lawyer, and was putt to that profession[1704], when his father's troubles, together with the warres, forced him to leave his countrey. So that what he did for his delight and recreation only when a boy, proved to be his livelyhood when a man.

I thinke he stayd sometime in Lowe Germany, then he came into England, wher he was very kindly entertained by that great patron of painters and draughts-men <Thomas Howard> Lord High Marshall, earl of Arundell and Surrey, where he spent his time in draweing and copying rarities, which he did etch (i.e. eate with aqua fortis in copper plates). When the Lord Marshall went ambassador to the Emperor of Germany to Vienna, he travelld with much grandeur; and among others, Mr. Hollar went with him (very well clad) to take viewes, landskapes, buildings, etc. remarqueable in their journey, which wee see now at the print shopps.

He hath donne the most in that way that ever any one did, insomuch that I have heard Mr. John Evelyn, R.S.S., say that at sixpence a print his labour would come to ... _li._ (quaere J<ohn> E<velyn>). He was very short-sighted (μυοψ[1705]), and did worke so curiously that the curiosity of his worke is not to be judged without a magnifying-glasse. When he tooke his landskaps, he, then, had a glasse to helpe his sight.

At Arundel-house he maried with my ladle's wayting woman, Mrs. ... Tracy, by whom he haz a daughter, that was one of the greatest beauties I have seen; his son by her dyed in the plague, an ingeniose youth, drew delicately.

When the civil warres brake-out, the Lord Marshall had leave to goe beyond sea[CXXXI.]. Mr. Hollar went into the Lowe-Countries, where he stayed till about 1649.

[CXXXI.] Italie[1706].

I remember he told me that when he first came into England, (which was a serene time of peace) that the people, both poore and rich, did looke cheerfully, but at his returne, he found the countenances of the people all changed, melancholy, spightfull, as if bewitched.

I have sayd before that his father was ruined upon the account of the Protestant religion. Winceslaus dyed a Catholique, of which religion, I suppose, he might be ever since he came to Arundel-howse.

He was a very friendly good-natured man as could be, but shiftlesse as to the world, and dyed not rich[1707]. He maried a second wife, 1665, by whom he has severall children. He dyed on our Ladie-day (25 Martii), 1677, and is buried in St. Margaret's church-yard at Westminster neer the north west corner of the tower. Had he lived till the 13th of July following, he had been just 70 yeares old.

=John Holywood= (11-- -1256).

[1708]Jo. de Sacro Bosco:--Dr. <John> Pell is positive that his name was Holybushe.

=Thomas Hoode.=

[1709]... Hood, M.D.--he practised Physick at Worcester, and printed a booke in 4to called _The Geodeticall Staffe_[1710].

=Robert Hooke= (1635-1703).

[1711]Mr. Robert Hooke, curator of the Royall Societie at London, was borne at Freshwater in the Isle of Wight, A.D. <1635>; his father was minister there, and of the family of the Hookes of Hooke in Hants.

[1712]July 19ᵗʰ, 1635, baptized Robert Hooke, the son of Mr. John Hooke.

[1713]Mr. Robert Hooke[FZ], M.A.:--his father, Mr. John Hooke,[1714]had two or three brothers all ministers: quaere Dr. <William> Holder. He was of the family of Hooke of Hooke in Hampshire, in the road from London to Saram, a very ancient family and in that place for many (3 or more) hundred yeares.

[1715]His father was minister of Freshwater in the Isle of Wight. He maried ... ..., by whom he had two sonnes, viz. ... of Newport, grocer (quaere capt. Lee) and had been mayer there, and Robert, second son, who was borne[1716] at Freshwater aforesayd the nineteenth day of July, Anno Domini 1635--vide register, et obiit patris.

At ... yeares old, John Hoskyns, the painter, being at Freshwater, to drawe pictures for ... esqre, Mr. Hooke observed what he did, and, thought he, 'why cannot I doe so too?' So he getts him chalke, and ruddle, and coale, and grinds them, and putts them on a trencher, gott a pencill, and to worke he went, and made a picture: then he copied[1717] (as they hung up in the parlour) the pictures there, which he made like. Also, being a boy there, at Freshwater, he made an ... diall on a round trencher; never having had any instruction. His father was not mathematicall at all.

When his father dyed, his son Robert was but ... old, to whom he left one hundred pounds, which was sent up to London with him, with an intention to have bound him apprentice to Mr. Lilly[1718], the paynter, with whom he was a little while upon tryall; who liked him very well, but Mr. Hooke quickly perceived[1719] what was to be donne, so, thought he, 'why cannot I doe this by my selfe and keepe my hundred pounds?' He also had some instruction in draweing from Mr. Samuel Cowper (prince of limners of this age); but whether from him before or after Mr. Lilly quaere?

☞ Quaere when he went to Mr. Busby's, the schoolemaster of Westminster, at whose howse he was; and he made very much of him. With him he lodged his C _li._[1720] There he learnd to[1721] play 20 lessons on the organ. He there in one weeke's time made himselfe master of the first VI bookes of _Euclid_, to the admiration of Mr. Busby (now S.T.D.), who introduced him. At schoole here he was very mechanicall, and (amongst other things) he invented thirty severall wayes of flying, which I have not only heard him say, but Dr. Wilkins (at Wadham College at that time), who gave him his _Mathematicall Magique_ which did him a great kindnes. He was never a King's Scholar, and I have heard Sir Richard Knight (who was his school-fellow) say that he seldome sawe him in the schoole.

Anno Domini <1658> (vide A. Wood's _Antiq. Oxon._) he was sent to Christ Church in Oxford, where he had a chorister's place (in those dayes when the church musique was putt-downe[1722]), which was a pretty good maintenance. He was there assistant to Dr. Thomas Willis in his chymistry; who afterwards recommended him to the honᵇˡᵉ Robert Boyle, esqre, to be usefull to him in his chymicall operations. Mr. Hooke then read to him (R. B., esqre) Euclid's Elements, and made him understand[1723] Des Cartes' Philosophy. He was Master of Arts anno Domini....

Anno Domini 166<2> Mr. Robert Boyle recommended Mr. Robert Hooke to be Curator of the Experiments of the Royall Society, wherin he did an admirable good worke to the Common-wealth of Learning, in recommending the fittest person in the world to them. Anno <1664> he was chosen Geometry[1724] Professour at Gresham College[GA]. Anno Domini 166- Sir John Cutler, knight, gave a Mechanicall lecture, ... pounds per annum, which he read.

Anno Domini 166<6> the great conflagration of London happened, and then he was chosen one of the two surveyors[CXXXII.] of the citie of London; by which he hath gott a great estate. He built Bedlam, the Physitians' College, Montague-house, the Piller on Fish-street-hill, and Theatre there; and he is much made use of in designing buildings.

[CXXXII.] <John> Oliver, the glasse-painter, was the other.

He is but of midling stature, something crooked, pale faced, and his face but little belowe, but his head is lardge; his eie full and popping, and not quick; a grey eie. He haz a delicate head of haire, browne, and of an excellent moist curle. He is and ever was very temperate, and moderate in dyet, etc.

As he is of prodigious inventive head, so is a person of great vertue and goodnes. Now when I have sayd his inventive faculty is so great, you cannot imagine his memory to be excellent, for they are like two bucketts, as one goes up, the other goes downe. He is certainly the greatest mechanick this day in the world. His head lies much more to Geometry then to Arithmetique. He is (1680) a batchelour, and, I beleeve, will never marie. His elder brother left one faire daughter[GB], which is his heire. In fine (which crownes all) he is a person of great suavity and goodnesse.

_Scripsit._

... ...

'Twas Mr. Robert Hooke that invented the Pendulum-Watches, so much more usefull than the other watches.

He hath invented an engine for the speedie working of division, etc., or for the speedie and immediate finding out the divisor.

An instrument for the Emperor of Germany, 1692/3.

[1725]The first thing he published was--An attempt for the explication of the phaenomena observeable in the XXXV experiment of the honourable Robert Boyle, esq., touching the aire: printed for Sam. Thomson at the Bishop's head in Paule's churchyard, 1661, 8vo: not now to be bought, and, though no bigger then an almanack, is a most ingeniose piece.

The next moneth he published another little 4to pamphlet,--Discourse of a new instrument he haz invented to make more accurate observations in astronomy then ever was[1726] yet made, or could be made by any instruments hitherto invented, and this instrument (10 or 12 _li._ price) performes more, and more exact, then all the chargeable apparatus of the noble Tycho Brache or the present Hevelius of Dantzick.

<In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 30, 31, is this letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, enclosing a communication from Hooke.>

September 15, 1689.

Mr. Wood!

Mr. Robert Hooke, R.S.S. did in anno 1670, write a discourse, called, 'An Attempt to prove the motion of the Earth,' which he then read to the Royal Society; but printed it in the beginning of the yeare 1674, a _strena_[1727] to Sir John Cutler to whom it is dedicated, wherein he haz delivered the theorie of explaining the coelestial motions mechanically; his words are these, pag. 27, 28. viz.:--

['In[1728]the _Attempt to prove the motion of the earth_, etc., printed 1674, but read to the Royall Society, 1671: pag. 27, line 31--

'I shall only for the present hint that I have in some of my foregoing observations discovered some new motions even in the Earth it self, which perhaps were not dreamt of before, which I shall hereafter more at large describe, when further tryalls have more fully confirmed and compleated these beginnings. At which time also I shall explaine a systeme of the world, differing in many particulars from any yet known, answering in all things to the common rules of mechanicall motions. This depends upon 3 suppositions; first, that all coelestiall bodys whatsoever have an attractive or gravitating power towards their own centers, whereby they attract not only their own parts, and keep them from flying from them, as we may observe the Earth to doe, but that they doe also attract all the other coelestial bodys that are within the sphere of their activity, and consequently that not only the Sun and the Moon have an influence upon the body and motion of the Earth, and the Earth upon them, but that Mercury also, Venus, Mars, Saturne, and Jupiter, by their attractive powers have a considerable influence upon its motion, as, in the same manner, the corresponding attractive power of the Earth hath a considerable influence upon every one of their motions also. The second supposition is this, that all bodys whatsoever, that are putt into direct and simple motion will soe continue to move forwards in a straight line, till they are by some other effectuall powers deflected and bent into a motion describing a circle, ellipsis, or some other uncompounded curve line. The third supposition is, that these attractive powers are soe much the more powerfull in operating, by how much nearer the body wrought upon is to their own centers. Now what these severall degrees are, I have not yet experimentally verified.'--_But these degrees and proportions of the power of attraction in the celestiall bodys and motions, were communicated to Mr. Newton by R. Hooke, in the yeare 1678, by letters, as will plainely appear both by the coppys of the said letters, and the letters of Mr. Newton in answer to them, which are both in the custody of the said R. H., both which also were read before the Royall Society at their publique meeting, as appears by the Journall book of the said Society._--'But it is a notion which if fully prosecuted, as it ought to be, will mightily assist the astronomer to reduce all the coelestiall motions to a certaine rule, which I doubt will never be done true without it. He that understands the natures of the circular pendulum and circular motion, will easily understand the whole ground of this principle, and will know where to find direction in nature for the true stating thereof. This I only hint at present to such as have ability and opportunity of prosecuting this inquiry, and are not wanting of industry for observing and calculating, wishing heartily such may be found, having my self many other things in hand, which I will first compleat, and therefore cannot soe well attend (to) it. But this I durst promise the undertaker; that he will find all the great motions of the world to be influenced by this principle, and that the true understanding thereof will be the true perfection of Astronomy.']

About 9 or 10 years ago, Mr. Hooke writt to Mr. Isaac Newton, of Trinity College, Cambridge, to make[CXXXIII.] a demonstration of this theory, not telling him, at first, the proportion of the gravity to the distance, nor what was the curv'd line that was thereby made. Mr. Newton, in his answer to the letter, did expresse that he had not known[1729] of it; and in his first attempt about it, he calculated the curve by supposing the attraction to be the same at all distances: upon which, Mr. Hooke sent, in his next letter, the whole of his hypothesis, scil. that the gravitation was reciprocall to the square of the distance, ['which[1730] would make the motion in an ellipsis, in one of whose foci the sun being placed, the aphelion and perihelion of the planet would be opposite to each other in the same line, which is the whole coelestiall theory, concerning which Mr. Newton hath a demonstration,'] not at all owning he receiv'd the first intimation of it from Mr. Hooke. Likewise Mr. Newton haz in the same booke printed some other theories and experiments of Mr. Hooke's, as that about the oval figure of the earth and sea: without acknowledgeing from whom he had them, ['though[1730] he had not sent it up with the other parts of his booke till near a month after the theory was read to the Society by Mr. Hooke, when it served to help to answer Dr. Wallis his arguments produced in the Royal Society against it.']

[CXXXIII.] To[1731] make a demonstration of it, telling him the proportion of the gravity to the distance and the curv'd line that was thereby made, to witt that it was an ellipsis in one of the foci of which was the sun and that that gravitation would make the aphelion and perihelion opposite to each other in the same diameter which is the whole celestiall theorie of which Mr. Newton haz made a demonstration.

Mr. Wood! This is the greatest discovery in nature that ever was since the world's creation. It never was so much as hinted by any man before. I know you will doe him right. I hope you may read his hand. I wish he had writt plainer, and afforded a little more paper.

Tuus, J. AUBREY.

Before I leave this towne, I will gett of him a catalogue of what he hath wrote; and as much of his inventions as I can. But they are many hundreds; he believes not fewer than a thousand. 'Tis such a hard matter to get people to doe themselves right.

_Notes._

[FZ] Aubrey gives in trick the coat: 'quarterly, argent and sable a cross between 4 escallops all counterchanged [Hooke].'

[GA] Aubrey used Hooke's rooms in Gresham College as the place to which he had his letters addressed. E.g. MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 55, is an envelope addressed:--

'To his much honoured friend John Awbrey, esqre, these present, at Mr. Hooke's lodgeings in Gresham College, London.'

MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 48, is an envelope addressed--

'For Mr. John Aubrey: leave these at Mr. Hooke's lodging in Gresham College.'

[GB] 'Mris. Grace Hooke, borne at Newport in the Isle of Wight 2ᵈᵒ Maii, at 8ʰ P.M.; she is 15 next May, scil. 1676.... Her father died by suspending him selfe, anno ...': MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 56ᵛ.

=Charles Hoskyns= (1584-1609).

[1732]Charles Hoskyns was brother to the Serjeant and the Doctor; a very ingeniose man, who would not have been inferior to either but killed himself with hard study.

_Note._

Charles Hoskins, of 'Lenwarne' parish, Hereford, was admitted probationer July 26, 1604, and fellow of New College in 1606; took B.A. April 13, 1608; and died in 1609.

=John Hoskyns= (1566-1638).

[1733]John Hoskyns[GC], serjeant-at-lawe, was borne at Mounckton in the parish of <Llanwarne> in the com. of Hereford, Aº Dⁿⁱ <1566> [on[1734] St. Mark's day].

Mounckton belonged to the priory of Llantony juxta Glocester, where his ancestors had the office of cupbearer (or 'pocillator') to the prior. I have heard there was a windowe given by one Hoskyns there, as by the inscription did appeare.

Whither the serjeant were the eldest brother[1735] or no, I have forgott; but he had a brother, John[GD], D.D., a learned man, rector of Ledbury and canon of Hereford, who, I thinke, was eldest, who was designed to be a scholar, but this John (the serjeant) would not be quiet, but he must be a scholar too. In those dayes boyes were seldome taught to read that were not to be of some learned profession. So, upon his instant importunity, being then ten yeares of age, he learned to reade, and, at the yeare's end, entred into his Greeke grammar. This I have heard his sonne, Sir Benet Hoskyns, knight and baronett, severall times say.

He was of a strong constitution, and had a prodigious memorie. At ... yeares old, he went to Winton schole, where he was the flower of his time. I remember I have heard that one time he had not made his exercise (verse) and spake to one of his forme to shew him his, which he sawe. The schoolmaster presently calles for the exercises, and Hoskyns told him that he had writ it out but lost it, but he could repeate it, and repeated the other boye's exercise (I think 12 or 16 verses) only at once reading over. When the boy who really had made them shewed the master the same, and could not repeate them, he was whipped for stealing Hoskyns' exercise. I thinke John Owen[GE] and he were schoole-fellowes. There were many pretty stories of him when a schooleboy, which I have forgott. I have heard his son say that he was a yeare at Westminster; and not speeding there, he was sent to Winton.

The Latin verses in the quadrangle at Winton Colledge[GF], at the cocks where the boyes wash their hands, were of his making, where there is the picture[1736] of a good servant, with hind's feet, ... head, a padlock on his lippes, ... The Latin verses describe the properties of a good servant.

When he came to New College, he was _Terrae filius_; but he was so bitterly satyricall that he was expelled and putt to his shifts.

He went into Somersetshire and taught a schole for about a yeare at Ilchester. He compiled there a Greeke lexicon as far as M, which I have seen. He maried (neer there) a rich widowe, [of Mr. Bourne]; she was a Moyle of Kent; by whome he had only one sonne and one daughter.

[After[1737] his mariage] he admitted himselfe at the Middle Temple, London. He wore good cloathes, and kept good company. His excellent witt gave him letters of commendacion to all ingeniose persons. At his[1738]first comeing to London he gott acquainted with the under-secretaries at court, where he was often usefull to them in writing their Latin letters.

His great witt quickly made him be taken notice of.

Ben: Johnson called him _father_. Sir Benet (bishop Benet[1739] of Hereford was his godfather) told me that one time desiring Mr. Johnson to adopt him for his sonne, 'No,' said he, 'I dare not; 'tis honour enough for me to be your brother: I was your father's sonne, and 'twas he that polished me.' In shorte, his acquaintance were all the witts then about the towne; e.g. Sir Walter Raleigh, who was his fellow-prisoner in the Tower, where he was Sir Walter's _Aristarchus_ to reviewe and polish Sir Walter's stile; John Donne, D.D.; John Owen, (vide Epigr. 1--

Hic liber est mundus; homines sunt, Hoskine, versus: Invenies paucos hîc ut in orbe bonos;)

<Richard> Martyn, recorder of London; Sir Benjamin Ruddyer, with whom it was once his fortune to have a quarrell and fought a duell with him and hurt him in the knee, but they were afterwards friends again; Sir Henry Wotton, provost of Eaton College; cum multis aliis.

His conversation was exceedingly pleasant, and on the roade he would make any one good company to him. He was a great master of the Latin and Greke languages; a great divine. He understood the lawe well, but worst at that.

He was admitted at the Middle Temple anno ...; called to be a serjeant at lawe anno <1623> (vide <Sir William Dugdale's> _Origines Juridiciales_).

His verses on the fart in the Parliament house are printed in some of the _Drolleries_. He had a booke of poemes, neatly written by one of his clerkes, bigger then Dr. Donne's poemes, which his sonn Benet lent to he knowes not who, about 1653, and could never heare of it since. Mr. Thomas Henshawe haz an excellent Latin copie in rhythme in the prayse of ale of his.

He was a very strong man and active. He did the pomado in the saddle of the third horse in his armour (which Sir John Hoskins haz still) before William, earle of Pembroke. He was about my heighth.

He had a very readie witt, and would make verses on the roade, where he was the best company in the world. In Sir H. Wotton's _Remaynes_ are verses (dialogue) made on the roade by him and Sir Henry. He made an antheme (gett it) in English to be sung at Hereford Minster at the assizes; but Sir Robert Harley (a great Puritan) was much offended at it. He made the epitaph on <Peter> Woodgate in New College cloysters. He made the best Latin epitaphs of his time; amongst many others an excellent one on <Sir Moyle> Finch, this earl of Winchelsey's grandfather, who haz a noble monument at Eastwell in Kent.

I will now describe his seate at Morhampton (Hereff.), which he bought of....

[1740]At the gate-house is the picture of the old fellowe that made the fires, with a block on his back, boytle and wedges and hatchet. By him, this distich:--

Gratus ades quisquis descendis, amicus et hospes: Non decet hos humiles mensa superba Lares.

By the porch of the howse, on the wall, is the picture in the margent:--

[Illustration: Noverint universi

et douch et gallante

ꝑroviso semꝓ

hec est finalis concordia]

Above it are these verses:--

Stat coelum, fateor, Copernice; terra movetur; Et mutant dominos tecta rotata suos.

In the chapelle, over the altar, are these two Hebrewe words[1741], viz.:--

וְשָֽׁמַעְתָּ֖ וְסָלָֽחְתָּ

and underneath this distich (1 Reg. 8. 30):--

Hac quicunque orat supplex exoret in aede, Nec pereant servis irrita vota tuis.

Here is an organ that was queen Elizabeth's.

In the gallery <is> the picture of his brother (<the> Doctor) in the pulpit, <of the> serjeant in his robes, the howse, parke, etc.; and underneath are these verses:--

Est casa, sunt colles, lateres[1742], vivaria[1743], lymphae, Pascua, sylva, Ceres[1744]: si placet, adde preces[1745].

In the garden, the picture of the gardiner, on the wall of the howse, with his rake, spade, and water-pott in his left hand. By it, this distich:--

Pascitur et pascit locus hic, ornatur et ornat: Istud opus nondum lapsus amaret Adam.

In the first leafe of his fee-booke he drew the picture of a purse as in the margent, and wrote [Illustration: καὶ δῶμεν ὁσκινδω.] underneath, out of Theocritus.

On his picture in the low gallery are writt on his deske these verses, viz.:--

Undecies senos exegi strenuus annos, Jam veniet nullo mors inopina die; Quae dixi, scripsi, gessive negotia, lusus, Obruat aeterno pax taciturna sinu. Si quid jure petunt homines, respondeat haeres, Dissipet ut cineres nulla querela meos.[1746] Quodque Deo, decoctor iniquus, debeo, solve, Quaeso, Fidejussor, {sanguine}, Christe, {tuo}. { nomine } {meo}

These verses with a little alteration are sett on his monument.

Under severall venerable and shady oakes in the parke, he had seates made; and where was a fine purling spring, he did curbe it with stone.

This putts me in mind of Fr. Petrarch's villa in Italie, which is not long since printed, where were such devises--vide Tomasini _Petrarcha redivivus_, Lat., Amsterdam, 12mo.

Besides his excellent naturall memorie, he acquired the artificiall way of memorie.

He wrote his owne life (which his grandsonne Sir John Hoskyns, knight and baronet, haz), which was to shew that wheras Plutarch, ..., ..., etc., had wrote the lives of many generalles, etc., grandees, that he, or an active man might, from a private fortune by his witt and industrie attained to the dignity of a serjeant-at-lawe--but he should have said that they must have parts like his too.--This life I cannot borrowe.

He wrote severall treatises. Amongst others:--

a booke of style; a method of the lawe (imperfect).

His familiar letters were admirable.

He was a close prisoner in the Tower, tempore regis Jacobi, for speaking too boldly in the Parliament house of the king's profuse liberality to the Scotts. He made a comparison of a conduit, whereinto water came, and ran-out afarre-off. 'Now,' said he, 'this pipe reaches as far as Edinborough.' He was kept a 'close prisoner' there, i.e., his windowes were boarded up. Through a small chinke he sawe once a crowe, and another time, a kite; the sight whereof, he sayd, was a great pleasure to him. He, with much adoe, obtained at length the favour to have his little son Bennet to be with him; and he then made this distich, viz.:--

Parvule dum puer es, nee scis incommoda linguae, Vincula da linguae, vel tibi vincla dabit.

Thus Englished by him:--

My little Ben, whil'st thou art young, And know'st not how to rule thy tongue, Make it thy slave whil'st thou art free, Least it, as mine, imprison thee.

[1747]I have heard that when he came out of the Tower, his crest (before expressed) was graunted him, viz., 'a lyon's head couped or, breathing fire.' The serjeant would say jocosely that it was the only lyon's head in England that tooke tobacco.

Not many moneths before his death (being at the assises or sessions at Hereford) a massive countrey fellowe trod on his toe, which caused a gangrene which was the cause of his death. One Mr. Dighton[CXXXIV.] of Glocester (an experienced chirurgian who had formerly been chirurgian in the warres in Ireland) was sent for to cure him; but his skill and care could not save him. His toes were first cutt-off. The minister of his parish had a clubbe-foote or feete (I think his name was Hugh). Said he, 'Sir Hugh'--after his toes were cutt off--'I must be acquainted with your shoemaker.'

[CXXXIV.] Mr. Dighton would oftentimes say that he generally observ'd in the Irish warres that those men that went to their wenches the day before the battayle either did dye upon the spott or came under his handes. _Digitus Dei!_

Sir Robert Pye, attorney of the court of wardes, was his neighbour, but there was no great goodwill between them--Sir Robert was haughty. He happened to dye on Christmas day: the newes being brought to the serjeant, said he 'The devill haz a Christmas pye.'

He was a very strong man, and valiant, and an early riser in the morning (scil., at four in the morning). He was black-eyed and had black hayre.

He lies buried under an altar monument on the north side of the choire of Dowr abbey in Herefordshire.

(In this abbey church of Dowre are two _frustum's_ or remaynders of mayled and crosse-legged monuments, one sayd to be of a lord Chandois, th' other, the lord of Ewyas-lacy. A little before I sawe them a mower had taken one of the armes to whett his syth.)

On his monument is this inscription:--

Hoc tegitur tumulo totus quem non tegit orbis, Hoskinus, humani prodigium ingenii, Usque adeo excoluit duo pugnacissima rerum Et quae non subeunt numina[1748] pectus idem, Pieridum Legumque potens, jucundus honesto Mixtus, Liticulans Musa, forense melos, Orando causas pariter pariterque canendo, Captavit merito clarus utrumque sophos. Sic dum jura tenens Solymorum et gentis Idumae, Narratur cytharâ percrepuisse David; [1749]Talem Thebanas[1750] struxisse Amphiona turres, Sic indefessa personuisse chely, Sic populos traxisse truces et agrestibus antris Exutos homines consociasse lyrâ; Sic magni pectus divinum arsisse Platonis, Tum, cum deplorans Astera, jura daret; Talem credibile est vixisse Solona poëtam Et queiscunque datum est et sapere et furere[1751]. Sed tu, magne, peris, dum lis certatur utrinque, Te Astraea suum vultque Thalia suum. Haec habitat coelis, sed et haec terrestribus oris, Ipse tui judex poneris ante Deos; Scilicet in partes se dividit Hoskinus ambo, Haec coelo potitur particula, illa solo.

{ Canoro cineri jurisprudentissimi { Parentis pii, memoriae ergo, Obiit Aug. 27 { hunc posuit cippum conscriptum marmoreum 1638 { flens Benettus, sequiturque Patrem { non passibus aequis.

This epitaph was made by Thomas Bonham, of Essex, esquier.

The serjeant's epitaph on his wife at Bowe church, Heriff.:--

Hic Benedicta jacet, de qua maledicere nemo Cui genus aut virtus vel pia lingua potest: Bournii et Hoskinii conjux et prolis utrique Mater erat, Moyli filia, serva Dei.

On Mr. Bourne, his sonne-in-lawe[1752], by him:--

Nobilis innocuos transegit Bournius annos Multa legens, callens plurima, pauca loquens. Juridicus causis neque se ditavit[1753] agendis Non in habendo locans sed moriendo lucrum.

[1754]_Serjeant Hoskins_:--Serviens ad legem; quaere, if <he was> a knight. His crest (I believe) granted for his bold spirit, and (I suppose) contrived by himselfe.

_Amici_ <included> Egremund Thynne.

Hic jacet Egremundus Rarus, Tuendis paradoxis clarus. Mortuus est, ut hic apparet: At si loqui posset, hoc negaret.

Was wont to say that all those that came to London were either carrion or crowes.

[1755]<Memorandum>:--Hoskyns--to collect his nonsense discourse, which is very good.

_Notes._

[GC] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:--'parted per pale gules and azure, a chevron between 3 lions rampant or [Hoskyns]: the crest is a lion's head crowned or, vomiting flames.'

[GD] John Hoskins, of 'Mownton' (Monnington on the Wye) in 'Lanwarne' parish, Hereford, was admitted probationer of New College June 22, 1584, and Fellow 1586. He was expelled in 1591 'propter dicteria maledica sub persona Terrae filii.' This was the Serjeant-at-Law.

John Hoskins, of 'Mownton in Lanwarne parish,' Hereford, was admitted probationer of New College, Aug. 24, 1599, and fellow Aug. 24, 1601, and resigned his fellowship in 1613. He took D.C.L. in 1613. He died in 1631 (buried at Ledbury, on August 9). This was 'the Doctor.'

[GE] John Owen (the 'epigrammatist'), of Armon in Carnarvonshire, was admitted probationer of New College Oct. 20, 1582, and Fellow March 31, 1584. He resigned his fellowship in 1591.

[GF] Aubrey, writing Oct. 27, 1671, in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 142, says:--

'At Winton College is the picture of a servant with asses eares and hind's feet, a lock on mouth, etc., very good hi<er>oglyphick, with a hexastique in Latin underneath.... It was done by the serjeant when he went to school there; but now finely painted. It is at the fountain where the boyes wash their hands.'

=Sir John Hoskyns= (1634-1705).

[1756]Sir John Hoskyns, knight, one of the Masters of the Chancery, borne at Morehampton in the countie of Hereford, A.D....

Aug. 3rd, 1671, the native maryed.

Aug. 20, 1667, the native broke his thigh; Oct. 1671, the native had another fall which was no lesse dangerous then the former.

Sir John Hoskyns' eldest son John[GG], borne at ..., 14 die Novembr. 1673, 4ʰ 48´ A.M. Obiit ... 1684.

Mris Jane Hoskyns, daughter of Sir John Hoskyns of Morhamton, Hereff., borne at Harwood in com. praedict. March the 2nd, about 6 a clock in the morning, A.D. 1677/8.

[1757]Gazette de Londres:--Jean Hoskins, esq., honoré du titre de chevalerie et l'un de maîtres ordinaires de la cancellerie 30 Janvier 1675.

_Note._

[GG] In MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 63, is a letter to Aubrey from Sir John Hoskyns, dated Nov. 15, 1673, announcing the birth of this son on Nov. 14, 4ʰ 48´ A.M., and asking him to send to H. C., i.e. Henry Coley the astrologer.

=Charles Howard= (16-- -16--).

[1758]Charles Howard, eldest son of the honourable Charles Howard of Norfolke, borne 1664 (old style) on a Thursday between 3 and 4 of the clocke in the morning, the last day of March, London. Obiit May 5th 1677, of the small pox.

Henry Howard, second son, borne 1668, between 8 and 9 in the morning, being Sunday 18 of Oct., St. Luke's day.

Thomas Howard, 3rd son, born 12 of July, between one and 2 in the morning, 1670, being Thursday. Obiit, All Saints (day), twelvemonth after his birth.

Elizabeth Teresa Howard borne the 6 of April, being Easter Eve, 22 minutes after 9 of the clock in the evening. Obiit August 12-moneth after her birth.

=Robert Hues= (1553-1632).

[1759]My cosen Whitney, a parson, quondam Aeneinas., told me that Hues _de Globis_ was of that house[1760]; which I put downe in the margent of the Oxford book[1761].

[1762]Mr. Ashmole thinkes that Robert Hues was of Christ Church. Perhaps he might be of St. Mary Hall too--for so my old cosin Whitney told me by tradition.

[1763]Hues _de Globis_:--I have heard my old cosen parson Whitney say--an old fellow of Brasennose (dyed 12 yeares since, aetat. 78 or 9)--(that) he was of St. Mary Hall.

=Edward Hyde=, earl of Clarendon (1608/9-1674).

[1764]Edward Hyde, earl of Clarendon, Lord Chancellor of England, was borne at Dinton in com. Wilts., anno Domini 1608, Febr. 16, as this[1765] earle thinkes. He told me he has his father's life written by himselfe, but 'tis not fitt so soon to publish it.

[1766]I thinke I told you that this earl of Clarendon told me his father was writing the history of our late times. He beginns with king Charles 1st and brought it to the restauration of king Charles II, when, as he was writing, the penne fell out of his hand: he took it up again to write: it fell out again. So then he percieved he was attacqued by death, scilicet, the dead palsey.--They say 'tis very well donne: but his sonne will not print it.

[1767]I advertised you, in my last, of a booke printed newly by ... Royston, viz. 'A vindication of Dr. Stillingfleet against Dr. Cressy, writt by _a person of honour_.' Mr. Royston assures me the earl of Clarendon is the author.

[1768]The place of the Lord Chancellor Hyde's birth is Dinton, four miles from Chalke.

_Laurence Hyde_,

of Hatch (a hamlet), Wilts.; came out of Cheshire; the third son of Robert Hyde, prout per inscription at Tisbury Church. | +--------------+--------------+--+-------------------------+ | | | | ... Hyde, Sir Laurence 3. Sir Nicholas 4. ... (I thinke, Robert) Hyde of of Hatch. Hyde, of Hyde, Lord Chief Purton neer Highworth: he _then_ | Hele, Wilts. Justice of the rented this estate at Dinton of ... | King's Bench. his brother Sir Laurence. | | | Edward. | Lord Chancellor Hyde. | | | +-------+--+-------------+-------------+---------+-----------+ | | | | | | | | 1. ...; 2. Sir Robert 3. <Alexander 4. ..., 5. ..., 6. <James | sine Hyde, Lord Hyde>, LL. Dr.; consul; Hyde>, M.D., | prole. Chief Justice bishop of sine beheaded; principal of | of the King's Sarum. prole. sine Magdalen No sonn: Bench; sine | prole. Hall. a daughter prole. Robert. | and heire. | +---+---+ No child living. | |

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Letter of Aubrey to Wood: MS. Ballard 14, fol. 131.

[2] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 110, 110ᵛ.

[3] Aubrey to Wood, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 340.

[4] Ibid. fol. 347.

[5] Composing MSS. Aubr. 6, 7, and 8 ( part i .).

[6] Writing MS. Aubr. 8 (