Chapter XII

.)

_Cadet._ A junior member or branch of a family.

_Caltrap._ An implement formerly strewn on the ground in war to maim horses: No. 221.

_Canting Heraldry._ Refer to _Armes Parlantes_.

_Canton._ One of the Subordinaries: Nos. 129, 130.

_Cantoned._ Placed in the quarters of a shield.

_Carbuncle._ The same as _Escarbuncle_.

_Cartouche._ No. 46.

_Castle._ Generally represented with two or three turrets, as in the shield of Queen Alianore, of Castile: No. 222. Refer to _Tower_.

_Celestial Crown._ No. 223.

_Centaur._ Also blazoned as a _sagittary_, and supposed to have been a badge of King Stephen.

_Cerceleé_, or _Recerceleé_. A descriptive term to denote a variety of the heraldic Cross: No. 98.

[Illustration: No. 222.--Castle.]

[Illustration: No. 223.--Celestial Crown.]

_Chapeau._ Also entitled _a cap of dignity_, _of maintenance_, or _of estate_. An early symbol of high dignity, and in England of right of Peerage. In addition it is now more frequently met with supporting certain crests: No. 224.

_Chaplet._ A garland or entwined wreath of leaves and flowers, or of flowers alone. A _chaplet of rue_, sometimes called a _crancelin_, is blazoned bend-wise in the shield of Saxony--_Barry of ten or and sa., over all a chaplet of rue vert_: No. 225. (See _Crancelin_.)

[Illustration: No. 224.--Chapeau.]

[Illustration: No. 225.--Arms of Saxony.]

_Charge._ Any heraldic figure or device. _Charged_--placed on a shield, banner, &c., as any heraldic figure or device may be.

_Chequeé_, _Chequy_, _Checky_. Divided into three, or into more than three, contiguous rows of small squares, alternately of a metal (or fur) and a colour: No 68.

_Chess rook._ A piece used in the game of Chess: borne by _Roke_wood and others: No. 226.

_Chevron._ One of the Ordinaries: Nos. 123, 125.

_Chevronel._ A diminutive of the Chevron: No. 124.

_Chevroneé_, _Chevrony_. A field composed of a number of pieces divided and disposed _per Chevron_: No. 124A.

_Chief._ One of the Ordinaries: Nos. 71-75. _In Chief_--placed in the upper part of the shield, or arranged in a horizontal row across the upper part of the field.

[Illustration: No. 226.--Chess Rook.]

[Illustration: No. 227.--Cinque foil.]

[Illustration: No. 228.--Clarions.]

_Cinque-foil._ A flower or leaf of five foils: No. 227.

_Civic Crown._ A wreath of oak-leaves and acorns.

_Clarenceux._ See _Herald_.

_Clarion._ An ancient musical instrument, a badge, apparently, of the DE CLARES. By some this charge is supposed to represent a _lance-rest_, and is sometimes so blazoned: No. 228, which shows two varieties of form.

_Clecheé._ A variety of the heraldic Cross: No. 105.

_Close._ With closed wings.

_Closet._ A Diminutive of the Bar, one half its width.

_Cloueé._ Fastened with Nails, and showing the Nail-heads: No. 150.

_Coat Armour._ True armorial or heraldic bearings, duly granted or inherited, and rightly borne: so entitled, from having been depicted by warriors of the Middle Ages upon their _surcoats_, worn by them over their armour.

_Coat of Arms._ A complete armorial composition, properly what would be charged upon a Shield or Banner, but often used as an alternative for _Achievement_, _q.v._

_Cockatrice._ A fabulous creature, represented in No. 229.

[Illustration: No. 229.--Cockatrice.]

_Collar._ One of the insignia of Orders of Knighthood, worn about the neck. Also any ornament or distinction worn in the same manner. Knights occasionally wore collars charged with their own badge. In addition to their badges of the Red and White Rose, examples exist showing that adherents of the rival houses of York and Lancaster sometimes wore collars, the former formed of alternate _Suns and Roses_, No. 230; and the latter, of the letter S continually repeated, No. 231. No certain origin has been discovered for the Lancastrian "Collar of S.," but it has been suggested that it represents the word SOVERAYGNE, the motto of HENRY IV. No. 230 is from the Brass to HENRY BOURCHIER, K.G., Earl of Essex, at Little Easton, Suffolk, A.D. 1483; and No. 231 from the Brass to Lord CAMOYS, K.G., at Trotton, Sussex, A.D. 1424.

[Illustration: No. 230.--A Collar of York.]

[Illustration: No. 231.--A Collar of Lancaster.]

_College of Arms_, or _Heralds' College_. (See _Herald_.)

_Colour._ See Chapter V ., page 41. The term "_Colours_" is applied to Flags, particularly to those of infantry regiments, and to such as are displayed at sea. (See