CHAPTER XXIII

PEERAGE DIGNITIES

_The Dignity of Earl-- Of Baron-- The Parliament of 1295-- Landed Qualifications-- Creation of the Title Duke of Cornwall-- The Title of Marquis-- The Premier Baron of England-- The Peerage of Scotland-- Scottish remainders-- Daughter Inherits in her own right-- Determination of an Abeyance-- The Right to Create Peers of Ireland-- Rights and Privileges of a Peeress-- The Daughters of Peers-- Anomalies of the English Scale of Precedence._

Although the name of the dignity of Earl is derived from a Saxon word, the dignity itself, like all others, is more Norman than Saxon in its character. At the period of the Conquest, and whilst the Norman dynasty was on the throne, there were a number of people who bore this title. At that time and for long afterwards, certainly well into the Plantagenet period, an Earl within his earldom was little short of a petty sovereign. Issues of justice and many other rights of regality were in his hands, and he occupied a position very much akin to a viceroy for the King, seeing that what he did he did in his own name and as Earl, or "comes," of the County. The High Sheriff was the "vice-comes." Some of the earldoms had more extensive rights of regality than others, some were actual palatinates, and all earldoms originally were honours in fee heritable by the heir-general. Earldoms had a territorial nature, and the Earl took his "third penny" in the issues of the Courts in his earldom.

The only other dignity at that period was that of Baron, and just as the Earls of to-day have little in common save dignity and title with the Earls of the past, so the Barons originally were very unlike the latest creations of modern Prime Ministers in the name of the King. At the Norman Conquest, and for long afterwards, the Barons, an indeterminate number, were those who held their land in barony.

It is a matter of much uncertainty at what date Parliament came into being. The word goes back to a much earlier period, and is used concerning a variety of meetings which are now generally regarded as meetings of different Councils and not of Parliament, but historians are agreed that whether or not any earlier meetings can be properly described as Parliaments, the Parliament of 1295 was properly and fully constituted in all its elements. To this Parliament all those who were personally summoned by the King in their own names and were not nominated or elected by other people are Peers, and of these Peers those who are not described as Earls are Barons. It should, however, be noted that Bishops and Abbots were summoned by right of the offices they held, and there are certain other officials who were summoned also because of their offices and could be distinguished from the Barons and Earls. There is no shadow of doubt that the reason for the summoning of the Barons was the fact that they were great subjects and important because of their ownership of land. It was landowners who had to provide the military services for the country, and Parliament was chiefly concerned, not in law-making, but in authorising and consulting as to military expeditions, or in providing the subsidies necessary for these expeditions, and the other services of the Crown. In addition to this Peers exercised some of the judicial functions of the Crown. But law-making was done by the King and his Council until a later period. The landed qualifications which justified the summoning of a man to Parliament as a Baron usually descended to his heir and similarly justified the summoning of that heir; and in that way, but without any intention to that end, the right of summons and the right of peerage became hereditary. Originally it had been arbitrary and at the discretion of the Crown. It was not until the reign of Edward IV. that the hereditary peerage character of a barony was fully recognised, and with that recognition came the divorce of the territorial idea from the right of peerage. Like ancient earldoms, ancient baronies were honours in fee heritable by the heirs general. Save that William the Conqueror was Sovereign Lord of the Duchy of Normandy and as such Duke, the dignity of duke did not exist in England until 1337, when Edward the Black Prince was created Duke of Cornwall with remainder to his heirs the eldest sons of the Kings of England. That was the creation of the title now enjoyed by the Prince of Wales, but this Duchy of Cornwall and the Duchy of Lancaster are really Duchies as distinguished from the Dukedoms enjoyed by other people having the designation of Duke.

The title of Marquis dates from 1386, when Richard II. created Robert de Vere Marquis of Dublin; and the title of Viscount from 1440, when the Viscounty of Beaumont was created. The first Barony by Letters Patent was created in 1387, but the oldest surviving barony by patent now in existence dates from 1448, when Sir John Stourton was created Baron and Lord Stourton of Stourton, co. Wilts. The present Lord Mowbray, Segrave and Stourton, who has inherited the barony of Stourton, also claims, as Lord Mowbray, to be the premier baron of England although the barony of Mowbray is placed on the roll of precedence after the baronies of Le Despenser and De Ros. Although earldoms were granted by charters from the earliest period, because, attached to the earldom, were also material rights which needed to be conveyed, patents did not come into use for baronies until it was desired to limit the succession of the peerage to the heirs male of the body of the grantee, which is a limitation and a less heirship than is comprised in the enjoyment of an honour in fee simple. Privilege of peerage with all it entails has been a slow growth of accretion; and save for place and precedence and the right of any peer or peeress to be tried in the House of Lords, and the now limited and threatened right of peers to legislate, little of privilege of peerage remains.

The peerage of Scotland is very similar to that of England, and, before the Union, the principal difference between the two countries was the persistency with which the Scottish peerage remained attached to the land. Until a late date a patent creating a Scottish peerage erected certain lands into a barony or earldom as the case might be, and entailed those lands with the dignity. The difference arising from this form of procedure was more than counterbalanced by the recognised and constantly-adopted procedure of resigning a Scottish inheritance into the hands of the Crown, and then obtaining what is known as a "Novodamus," with either the same or different limitations.

The many Scottish remainders, which are quite unknown to English peerage law, are all a consequence of this territorial nature of a Scottish peerage. One of the chief differences at the present time between an English and a Scottish peerage is to be found in those which are heritable by females. Unless governed by special remainder contained in the instrument of creation, a Scottish peerage, which in the event of failure of a male heir devolves upon a female heir, differs from an English one in its manner of descent. In Scotland the elder daughter inherits as of right, standing in the line of heirship next after her youngest brother and before any uncle or a younger sister. On the other hand, such an inheritance is only known by virtue of a special remainder in England. All Baronies by writ are Baronies in fee in England, and heritable by the heir general, which means that they can if necessary devolve upon females. If the only child of a peer having such a peerage be a daughter she inherits in her own right, but if his issue is two daughters, then the peerage falls into abeyance between them, because under the law of England there is no seniority amongst daughters, and as both of them cannot enjoy one single peerage, neither of them has it, and it remains in abeyance until the Crown interferes or until by the natural course of events one line becomes extinguished by the extinction of all issue of the one daughter, when the peerage then at once devolves upon the heir of the other. Sometimes an abeyance will last several hundred years, sometimes it may end with the lapse of one or two; but at any time during the continuance of an abeyance the Crown may, at its entire pleasure, signify that any co-heir shall enjoy the peerage. This is what is termed the determination of an abeyance, and this is effected by the issue of a writ of summons to Parliament if the co-heir be a male or by the issue of letters patent in the case of a lady. The co-heir in whose favour the abeyance is determined then at once enjoys the peerage with the same designation and precedence as those who have held it hitherto, and his or her heir succeeds in due course.

Although there is one judgment to the contrary, it is now pretty universally admitted that there is no such thing as an Irish Barony by writ. With the union of England and Scotland, no further peerages of either country were created, and subsequent peerages were either of Great Britain or of Ireland; and it has been already judicially decided by the House of Lords that the power to create a Scottish peerage does not now exist in the Crown. There is no similar judgment in relation to a peerage of England, but the fact is that no attempt has since been made to create one, and though the point up to the present time still has to be decided, it is certainly a matter for argument whether or not such a right remains. Since the union of Great Britain with Ireland no further peerages of Great Britain or of England have been created, but the right to create peers of Ireland was specifically retained under certain conditions and has been constantly taken advantage of. Other peerages since created have, however, been of the United Kingdom. Whether or not we shall ever have peerages of the Empire remains a matter for the future.

Since the latter part of the seventeenth century it has been the custom for peers and peeresses in their own right to sign simply by the designation of their peerage. The peeress by marriage prefixes her Christian name or initials to her husband's title. It is statute law in Scotland, but not in England, that no person may sign his surname without prefixing a Christian name or initials. A peeress by marriage who is also a peeress in her own right signs first her husband's title, adding her own afterwards; for instance, the signature of the Countess of Yarborough is Marcia Yarborough, Fauconberg and Conyers. One cannot call to mind in recent times any instances in which the peeress in her own right has married a peer of lower rank than her own, and until such a case occurs it is difficult to forecast what the signature should be. A peeress by marriage after re-marriage loses all privilege of peerage and precedence, and all right which she acquired by marriage, but as a matter of courtesy she usually retains her peerage designation if her subsequent marriage is to a commoner.

The daughter of a peer if married to another peer takes the precedence of her husband and relinquishes her own, but she retains it if she marries a commoner; and one of the anomalies of the English scale of precedence is to be found in the following circumstances. If the two elder daughters of a Duke were to marry an Earl and a Baron respectively, whilst the youngest daughter were to run away with the footman, she would, nevertheless, rank as the daughter of a Duke above her sisters ranking as wives of an Earl and a Baron.

INDEX

Abated, Abatement, 100, 207 Abbotsford, 1, 326 Abased, 100 Aberdeen, Earl of: Arms, 68 Abergavenny, Earl of: Arms, 187 Abeyance, 330, 331 Accollée, 100 Accosted, 100 Accrued, 82 Achievement, Achievement of Arms, 100 Addorsed, 86, 100 Admirals, 256; "Admiral of England," 250 Admiralty, Flag of, 256 Æschylus, 6 Affrontée, 100 Aggroupment of Arms, 158, 163 Agnes de Percy: Seal, 160 Agnus Dei, as a Badge, 147, 276 Alant, Aland, 100 Albany, Duke of, 271 Albemarle, Earl of: Supporters, 92 Albert, H.R.H., the late Prince. _See_ Prince Consort Albert Medal, 293 Alerion, 96, 100 Alianore de Bohun. _See_ Bohun Alianore of Aquitaine: Arms, 259 Alianore of Castile and Leon: Arms, 162, 166; Monument, 322 Alianore, Daughter of Edward I., 77 Alice of Hesse, H.R.H., the Princess, 271 Alliance, Heraldic Record of, 159, 164; Feudal, 194 Allusive Heraldry, 15 Alnwick Castle, 322 Alphabet, the Letters of the, in Heraldry, 135 Aluminium, 47 Ambulant, 100 Angels, Heraldic figures of, 75; as Supporters, 75, 247 Anglo-Saxon Shields and Standards, 5, 55 Anglo-Saxon Sovereigns, Arms attributed to the, 18, 259 Anjou, Geoffrey, Count of, 188 Anjou, Queen Margaret of, 97 Annandale, Arms in, 198 Anne Boleyn, Queen, 229 Anne Stuart, Queen, 253; Arms, 260, 262; Badge, 229; Motto, 265 Annulet, Annuletté, 72, 100, 101, 120; in Modern Cadency, 193 Antelope, 80, 101 Anthony, Saint; his Cross, 101, 154 Antique Crown, 101 Anvers, Sir T. de: Arms, 202 Appaumée, 101 Aquitaine: Arms, 259 Archbishop, 101; Marshalling his Arms, 173 Archdeacon, L'Ercedeckne: Arms, 196 Arched, Archy, 101 Arderne, Sir J.: Arms, 201 Argent, 40, 101 Argyll, Duke of: Supporters, 91; Duchess of, 271 Arm, Armed, 80, 101, 102 Armagh, See of: Arms, 141 "Armes Parlantes," 16, 76, 102 Armorial Bearings, 39, 101; Tax on, 313 Armory, 2, 101 Arms, Shields and Coats of, 2; Aggroupment of, 158; Attributed, 18; Combination of, 158; of Community, 102; of Dominion, 102; of Heiress and Co-heiress, 170, 172; of Herald Kings, 173; of Husband and Wife, 167, 171; of Knight, 174; of Office, 102; Official, 174; of Parlante, 102; of Peeress in her own right, 173; of Prelate, 173; of Royal Personages, 174, 258; of Unmarried Lady, 173; of Widow and Widower, 173 Arms, Grants and Confirmations of, 308 "Arms found," 313 Arms, right to bear, 308 Arragon, Queen Catherine of: Arms, 229 Arrow, 102 Art, Heraldic, 24, 27, 326 Art, Gothic, 325 Artificial Figures and Devices in Heraldry, 78 Arthur Plantagenet, 190 Arthur Tudor, The Prince: Badge, 231 Arundel: Arms, 17, 203 Arundel, Fitz Alans, Earls of, 89, 191, 215 Arundel, Thomas Fitz Alan, Earl of, 118 Arundel, Radulphus de: Arms 191 Arundel, the Baron: Supporters, 92 Ascania, Bernhard of, 113 Ashton: Badge, 147 Ashwelthorpe: Monument, 215 Asscheby (Ashby), Sir R. de: Arms, 203 At gaze, 80, 81, 102; At speed, 81 Athole, Duke of: Supporters, 91 Attires, Attired, 81, 102 Attributed Arms, 18 Aubernoun, Sir J. d': Pennon and Arms, 143, 246 Augmentation, Augmented, 102 Augmentations of Honour, 204; by "Royal Favour," 206 Austria, The Emperor of, 97 Avellane, 57, 102 Aventinus, 6 Azure, 41, 47, 102

Badge, 102, 103, 175, 220; Varieties of, 221, 222; Examples of, 224, 241; marked for Cadency, 192, 226; in Seals, 164, 225; peculiarly appropriate for present use, 227; to supersede Crests, 218, 227; borne by Ladies, 277; Royal, 220; in Modern Heraldry, 309 Badge, of Ostrich Feathers, 230; of Garter, 278; of Thistle, 280; of St. Patrick, 281; of Bath, 283, 284, 285; of Star of India, 288 Badge, Yorkist, 121 Badges, granted and recorded, 309 Badges, worn by, 251 Badlesmere, Sir B. de: Arms, 202 Balliol: Arms, 66; Sir Alexander de, Seal, 103, 210 Balliol College, Oxford, 66 Bannebury, Sir R. de, 202 Branded 103 Banner, Armorial, 3, 103, 247; blazoning of, 39; made on field of Battle, 248; Royal, 266; marked for Cadency, 192, 252; on Seals, 239; at Sea, 250; of Leicester, 14; of Templars, 13, 276 Banneret, 103; creation of, 248 Bannerman, W. Bruce, 302 Bar, 51, 103; examples of, 201 Barbarossa, The Emperor, 113 Barbed, 103 Barbel, 77, 103 Barded, Bardings, 103 Bardoff: Arms, 182; John Lord, 318 Barkele. _See_ Berkeley Barnacles, Breys, 103 Baron, 103, 104, 328; Baroness, 104 Baronet, 104 Barre, de: Arms, 103, 162; Joan de, 162, 224; Henry de, 162; John de, 77 Barrulée, Barruly, 52, 104 Barrulet, 51, 106, 182 Barry, 52, 104 Barry Bendy, 60, 104 Bars Gemelles, 52, 103, 126 Bar-wise, 53, 104 Base, 33, 105 Basilisk, 105 Basinet, 105, 218 Basingborne, Wm. de: Arms, 70 Bassett: Arms, 62 Bat in Heraldry, 79 Bath Herald, 131 Bath, Order of the, 283; Knights of, 284; Companions of, 284; Insignia of, 284; Stalls of Knights, 286 Bath, Marquess of, 92 Baton, 105; Sinister, 190, 191 Battled, or Embattled, 105 Bayeux Tapestry, 5 Beacon, Fire Beacon, 105 Beaked, 105 Bear, in Heraldry, 76; Bear and Ragged Staff, 221, 321 Bearer, 105 Bearings, Armorial Bearings, 39, 105. _See_ Arms Beasts, in Heraldry, 76 Beatrice, H.R.H., The Princess, 271 Beauchamp, Earl Richard de, 164, 171, 208, 319; his Badges, 221; at Jousts at Calais, 223 Beauchamp, Earl Thomas de, 169, 319, 320 Beauchamp, K.G., Earl Richard, 146 Beauchamp, of Warwick: Arms, 169, 171, 183; Badges, 146 Beauchamp, of Bletshoe: Arms, 183 Beauchamp, of Elmley: Arms 183 Beauchamp, at Carlaverock: Arms, 183 Beauchamp: Differences, 187 Beauchamp Chapel, the, at Warwick, 169, 187, 322 Beaufort: Arms and Differences, 189, 190, 192; Badge, 140, 233 Beaufort, Margaret de, 169, 170, 233 Beaufort, John de, 189, 190, 236 Beaufort, Henry de, 189 Beaumont, Bishop Lewis de: Effigy and Arms, 159 Beaumont, Sir J.: Crest, 216 Beaumont, Viscount, 329 Beausseant, 13, 276 Bec, Bishop Anthony, 56 Beckyngton, Bishop: Rebus, 147 Bedford, Isabelle, Countess of, 223 Bedford, John, Duke of, 181 Bedford, the Duke of: Supporters, 91 Bees, in Heraldry, 79 Beeston, Arms, 79 Bell, 105 Belled, 105 Bend, 58, 105, 191; Examples, 201; Sinister, 60 Bendlet, 58, 105, 191; in Cadency, 182; Sinister, 191 Bendwise, or Bendways, distinction between, 59 Bend-wise, In Bend, 59, 105 Bendy, 59, 105 Bennett, John: Grant of Arms to, 311 Bere, Sir de la: Crest, 206 Berham, Sir Wm. de, 202 Berkeley: Arms, 183, 196, 241; Badge, 138, 224, 241; Crest, 138, 241 Berkeroles, Sir Wm. de: Arms, 202 Bermyngham, Sir Wm. de: Arms, 201 Bernhard, of Ascania, 113 Beverley Minster, 27, 106, 159 Bezant, 71, 105; Bezantee, 72 Bilbesworth, Sir H. de: Arms, 97 Billet, Billettée, 64, 70, 105 Birds, in Heraldry, 76, 105 Birds of prey, 80 Bird-bolt, 102, 105 Bishop, 105, 173 Bishops, Suffragan, 106 Black Prince, _See_ Edward Blasted, 82, 106 Blazon, 31, 106; Epithets and Terms in, 80, 106; modern refinement of, 52 Blazoning, 31, 39, 45, 106; Descriptive, 46, 106; in Tinctures, 47 Blazonry, 31, 106 Blondeville, Ranulph de: Arms, 195 Blue Ensign, 256 Bluemantle, 130 Bluet, Sir Wm.: Arms, 202 Blundell: Arms, 65 Blyborough, Monument at, 106 Boar, in Heraldry, 106; Boar's Head, 76 Bohemia, the King of, 230 Bohun, De, Earl of Hereford: Arms, 59, 89; Crest, 91; Badge, 155, 164, 251 Bohun, Alianore de, 162, 169, 323 Bohun, Mary de, 153 Bohun, Earl Humphrey de, 59, 83 Bohun, Sir Gilbert de, 59 Bohun, Oliver de, 201, 225 Boleyn, Queen Anne: Arms, 207, 229 Bolingbroke, the Viscount: Supporters, 99 Bologne, Godfrey de, 96 Bordet, Sir R.: Arms, 202 Bordoun, Sir J.: Arms, 17, 106, 141 Bordure, 43, 68, 106; Examples, 26, 181; Quartered and Impaled, 169; Componée, 192; Wavy, 192; of France, 124 Bostock, Hugo: Arms, 97 Boterels, Sir R. de: Arms, 203 Botiler, Le: Arms, 50, 58, 115. _See_ Butler Botonée, Botonée Fitchée, 56, 106 Bottetourt: Arms, 241 Bottreaux, Margaret: Seal, 240 Bouget, Water Bouget, 106 Bourchier, Lord: Arms, 241, 323 Bourchier, Sir H. de: Arms, 110, 216 Bourchier Knot, 106, 133 Bourdon, 17, 106 Bow, Bowed, 107 Bowen Knot, 107, 133 Braced, 107 Bradestone, Sir T. de: Arms, 223 Brewys, Sir Wm. de, 187 Brey, Sir Reginald de: Badge, 60, 104 Breys, 107 Brian, Bryan, Sir Guy de: Arms, 62 Brittany: Arms, 14, 165 Brittany, John, Duke of, 163 Brivere, Sir W. de: Badge, 135, 138 Brisure, Brizure, 107 Bromesgrove, 217 Bronscombe, Bishop, 125 Broom-plant, 17 Brownlow, the Earl: Supporters, 92 Bruce, de: Arms, 161, 198 Bruce, Margaret, Lady de Ros: Seal, 164 Bruce, King Robert de, 150 Bruce, Robert de, Earl of Carrick: Seal, 224 Brunswick: Arms, 262 Brus, Sir Bernard de: Arms, 50 Buccleuch, Duke of: Difference, 191 Buck, 116 Buckle. _See_ Fermail Burgh, de: Arms, 164 Burgh, Elizabeth de: Arms, 164 Burgh, Hubert de: Arms, 69 Burgh, William de: Arms, 163 Burgonet, 107 Burke, Sir B.: his "Peerage," 98 Burnett, George, Esquire, Lord Lyon, 307 Burton, Abbot: Rebus, 147 Butterflies, in Heraldry, 79 Buttons, Heraldic, 222 Bygod, Sir R., 202 Byron: Arms, 119

Cabossed, or Caboshed, 81, 107 Cadency, 107, 178; Marked, 179; Marks of, 107, 179; by Label, 179; by Bordure, 181, 192; by Bendlet, 181, 189; by Canton, 182, 191; by Change of Tinctures, 182; by Change of Charges, 182; by Small Charges, 182; by Official Insignia, 184; by Single Small Charge, 186; of Illegitimacy, 187, 192; Marked on Badges, Banners, Crests, Mantlings, Standards, and Supporters, 192, 22, 249; Modern, 193 Cadency, King Richard II. on, 200 Cadency, unpierced mullet, 139 Cadet, 107 Calais, Citizens of, 198 Calf, 76 Caltrap, 107 Calvary Cross, 55 Calveley: Arms, 76 Cambridge, H.R.H., the Duke of, 270 Camden, 139, 230 Camoys, Eliz., Lady, 169 Camoys, Thos., Lord de, 110, 169 Camoys, the Baron: Supporters, 92 Campbell: Arms, 71; Badge, 324 Canterbury: Arms of See, 141; Arms of Deanery, 135; Archbishop of, 101; Heraldry of the Cathedral, 236, 322 Canterbury, Wm. de Courtenay, Archbishop of, 184 Canting Heraldry, 16, 107 Canton, Cantoned, 64, 107; in Cadency, 180, 190 Canton and Quarter distinction, 65 Cantons, Chiefs and Inescutcheons of, 204 Canvyle, Sir G. de: Arms, 204 Caple, Sir R. de: Arms, 202 Carbuncle. _See_ Escarbuncle Carew, Sir Nicholas: Arms, 89 Carlaverock, Roll of, 12, 258 Carlisle, 13 Carlisle, Earl of: Supporters, 92 Carnarvon, Earl of: Supporters, 92 Carrick, Earl o, 224 Carru, Sir N., 204 Cartouche, 37, 107 Castile and Leon: Arms, 17, 102, 166 Castile and Leon, Queen Alianore of, 166 Castile and Leon, Ferdinand III., King of, 166; Pedro, King of, 248 Castle, 102, 107 Castle-acre Priory, 44 Catherine, Queen, of Arragon, 229 Catherine Parr, Queen, 229 Cavalry Standards, 256 Cave: Motto, 138 Cavendish: Motto, 138 Celestial Crown, 107 Centaur, Sagittarius, 108, 258 Cercelée, Recercelée, 56, 108 Chaffinch, 76 Champagne: Arms, 124 Chandos, Sir P. de, 62; Sir John, 248 Chapeau, 108, 213, 215 Chaplet, 108 Charge, 38, 108; Miscellaneous, 70; Secondary, 183; Single Small, 186 Charlemagne: his Crown, 262 Charles I., 191, 279; Arms, 260; Badge, 229; Crown, 266 Charles II., 103, 192, 205, 279; Arms, 260; Badge, 229 Charles V., of France, 78, 122 Charlestone, Sir. J.: Arms, 96 Charteris, 139 Chartham, 120 Chastillon: Arms, 163, 168; Guy de, 163 Chaucer, Geoffrey, 200 Chaworth, De: Arms, 164; Matilda de, Seal, 164 Chequée, Chequy, Checky, 43, 108 Chess-rook, 109 Chester, County Palatine of, 195; Arms, 195, 267; Ranulph, Earl of, 195 Chester, Earls of, 195 Chester Herald, 130 Chevron, Chevronel, Chevronnée, Chevrony, 61, 109; Examples, 203 Chief, 33, 49, 109; Examples, 201 Childrey, Brass at, 154 Chivalry, High Court of, 200, 201; Order of, 275 Cholmondeley: Motto, 139 Christchurch, Oxford, 236 Church-Bell. _See_ Bell Cinquefoil, 109 Cinque Ports: Arms, 168 Civic Crown, 109 Clare, De: Arms, 61, 196; Badge 109 Clare, Gilbert de, the "Red Earl," 95 Clare, in Suffolk, 196 Claremont Nesle: Arms, 169 Clarence, Lionel, Duke of, 164, 180 Clarence, Thomas, Duke of, 181 Clarenceux, 109, 130, 131; Arms, 131 Clarendon, K.G., Earl of, 57 Clarendon, Sir Roger de: Arms, 191 Clarendon, the Earl of, Supporters, 99 Clarion, 109 Clasps, 290 Clechee, 57, 109 Cleveland, Duke of: Difference, 191 Clifford, Lord, 50, 51 Clintone, Clinton, Sir J. de, 50, 201; of Maxtoke, 201; Badge, 224 Close, 109, 116 Closed, 81 Closet, 109 Clouée, 71, 109 Coat of Arms, 3, 109, 324 Coat Armour, 109 Cobham Monuments, 323 Cockatrice, 79, 110 Cockayne: Arms, 76 Co-Heiress: Arms, 170 Coinage, Heraldry of the, 316 Coleville, Sir R. de: Arms, 201 Collar, 110, 130; of the Garter, 278; of the Thistle, 200; of St. Patrick, 281; of the Bath, 283; of the Star of India, 287 College of Arms or Heralds' College. _See_ Herald College of Arms, Arms of, 131 Colour, 40, 41, 47, 110 "Colours," 110, 265 Combattant, 86, 110 Combination of Arms, 158, 165 Compartment, 110 Complement, 111 Componée, Compony, or Gobony, 43, 111; Bordure, 191 Compound Badges, 133 Compound Quartering, 34, 111 Compounded Arms, 111, 158, 164 Confessor, the, 206. _See_ St. Edward Confirmation of Arms, 308; Example, 312 Conjoined in Eure, 111 Connaught, H.R.H. Duke of, 271 Consort, H.R.H., the late Prince: Arms, 266; Difference, 266; Coronet, 267, 294; Crest, 267; Supporters, 267; Motto, 267 Contoise, 111, 211 Contournée, 111 Controversy, the Scrope and Grosvenor, 200 Corbet: Arms, 17 Cork, Earl of: Supporters, 92 Cornish Chough, 111 Cornwall, Edmund, Earl of, 94; Richard, Earl of, 68, 83, 94, 204 Cornwall, Piers Gaveston, Earl of, 95 Coronet, 111 Costume, Heraldry of, 324 Cosynton, Sir S. de: Arms, 223 Cotise, Cotised, 53, 58, 111 Couchant, Dormant, 86, 111 Couchée, 38, 111 Count, Countess, 112 Counter, 112 Counter-changing, 44, 112, 254 Counter Componée, 43, 112 Counter Embattled, 112 Counter Passant, 86 Counter Potent, 41 Counter Rampant, 86 Counter Salient, 86 Counter-Seal, 112 Counter-Vair, 41 Couped, 54, 87, 112 Couple-Close, 112 Courant, 81, 112 Courtenay, William de, Archbishop, 184; Peter de, Bishop, 226 Courtenay Earl Edward de, 141, 214; Badge, 226 Courtesy, Titles of, 112 Courthope, William, Esq., late Somerset Herald, 9 Coventry, Earl of: Supporters, 99 Coward, Cowed, 86, 112 Crampet, 112 Crancelin, 112 Crawford, Deverguilla: Seal, 239 Crenelated, 113 Crescent, 68, 113; in Modern Cadency, 193 Cresset, 113 Crest, 113, 174, 208; Early, 213; Marked for Cadency, 193; Differenced, 216; as originally worn, 218; two or more, 219; superseded by Badge, 218, 227; of England, 90, 264; of Scotland, 90, 264; of English Princes, 90, 266; of Edward III., 99; German, 212 Crest-Coronet, 113, 119 Crest-Wreath, 113, 120, 123 Crests, Inheritance of, 219 Cretinge, Sir J. de: Arms, 202 Crined, 114 Crombe, de: Arms, 62 Cross, 54, 114; Throughout, 54; Couped, or Humettée, 54; Voided, 55; Fimbriated, 54; of St. George, 54, 253; of St. Andrew, 61, 253; of St. Patrick, 61, 253; of St. Anthony, or Tau, 55; Greek, 55; Latin, 55; Quarter-pierced, 54; Quarterly-pierced, 55; on Degrees, 55; Calvary, 55; Heraldic Varieties of, 55; Quadrate, 55, 145; Patriarchal, 55, 142; Fourchée, 55, 125; Moline, 55, 138, 193; Recercelée, 56, 150; Patonce, 56, 142; Fleury, 56, 125; Fleurettee, 56, 125; Pommée, 56; Botonée, or Treflée, 56, 106; Crosslet, 56; Clechée, 57, 109; Patee, or Formée, 57, 142; Maltese, and of eight points, 57; Potent, 57, 144; Avellane, 57, 103; Fitchée, 58, 121 Crosslet, Crossed Crosslet, 56 Crown, 114, 139, 266 Crown of India, Order of, 294 Crozier, 114 Crusader Kings, The: Arms, 43 Crusades, 4 Crusilée, Crusily, 56, 115 Cubit-Arm, 115 Cumberland, H.R.H. Duke of, 271 Cummin: Arms, 95 Cup, Covered Cup, 115 "Curiosities of Heraldry," by Mr. M. A. Lower, 303 Cushion, Pillow, Oreiller, 115 Cyclas, 153 Czar, The: Arms, 92

Dacre Knot, 115, 134 Dageworth, Sir J.: Arms, 51, 201 Dalmenhurst: Arms, 269 Dancetté, 35, 70, 115, 157 Danse. _See_ Dancetté Darcy, D'Arcy: Arms, 65 Darnley, Lord: Arms, 68 Daubeney, Sir Giles, K.G., 323 D'Aubigny: Arms, 170 Debased, 115 Debruised, 115 Decoration, Heraldic, 324 Decrescent, In Detriment, 80, 115 Deer, 80, 115 Degrees, 55, 116 Deincourt: Arms, 70 Delamere, Sir John, 96; Sir G., 202 Demembered, Dismembered, 116 Demi, 116 Demi-Eagle, 99 Demi-Lion, 87 Denbigh, Earl of, 98 Denmark: Arms, 83, 268 Dependency, Feudal, 194 Depressed, 116 Despencer, Le: Arms, 171; Barony, 329 Despencer, Isabelle le, 171; Bishop Henry le, 186, 215; John le, 150 Devon, Earl of, 214 Dexter, 32, 33, 116 Deyville, Sir J. de, 202 Diaper, Diapering, 44, 116 Difference, Differencing, 116, 177, 190, 194 Differenced Shields, 186, 200 Differences, Temporary, 177; Permanent, 177; for Distinction only, 199; of Illegitimacy, 187 Dignities, 31 Dimidiation, Dimidiated, 116, 162, 167 Disclosed, 116 Displayed, 81, 116 Disposition, Disposed, 45, 116 Distinguished Service Order, 292 Ditzmers: Arms, 269 Dividing and Border Lines, 34, 116 Dolphin, 7, 77, 78, 82, 116 Dormant, 86, 116 Double-queued, 116 Doubling, 116 Douglas: Arms, 74; Crest, 149; Badge, 224; Augmentation, 206 Douglas Sir James, 74; Lord William, 74; the first Earl, 74 Douglas and Mar William, Earl of, 94 Dove-tail, 35, 116 Doyle, 139 Dragon, 79, 116 "Dresses of Arms," 324 Dreux, De: Arms, 116, 165 Dreux, J. de, Duke of Brittany, 163, 165 Drummond, John: Seal, 244 Drury: Arms, 154 Dublin, De Vere, Marquess of, 136, 329 Dublin: Arms of, See, 141 Ducal Coronet, 117 Duchess, 117 Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster, 329 Dudley, Earl Robert, 208 Dudley, Thomas: Seal, 216 Duke, 116, 329 Dunboyne, the Baron: Supporters, 92 Durem, Sir G. de, 202 Durham, 14

Eagle, 117; Heraldic, 25, 76; in Stained glass at York, 92; sculptured in Westminster Abbey, 92; with one Head, 92; with two Heads, 93; Imperial, crowned, 95; with Nimbus, 95; Drawing of, 98; Austrian, 98; French, 98; as Supporter, 99; as Badge, 148 Eagles and Hawks, 81 Eaglet, 95, 99, 117 Earl, 117, 327 Earl Marshal, the, 131 Eastern, Radiated, or Antique Crown, 118 Ecclesal Ekeleshale: Arms, 197 Ecclesiastics, Heraldic decoration of their Vestments, 159 Echingham, De: Arms, 71 Edinburgh, H.R.H., the Duke of, 280 Edmond, Son of Edward I., 181 Edmund, Saint: Arms, 19, 206, 259 Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, 94 Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, 123, 179, 181, 323 Edward, Saint, the Confessor: Arms, 19, 181 Edward I.: Label as Prince Royal, 178; Arms, 259; Badge, 228; Barding of Charger, 103; Rolls of Arms of his era, 13 Edward II.: Label as Prince Royal, 178; Arms, 259; Badge, 228; Roll of Arms of his era, 13 Edward III.: Label as Prince Royal, 178; Arms, 259; quarters France Ancient, 123; Crest, 90, 99, 213, 263; Badges, 227, 232; Supporters, 237; Heraldry of his Monument, 26, 169; Roll of Arms of his era, 13; Heraldry in his time, 9; his love of Heraldry, 223; founds the Order of the Garter, 276 Edward IV.: Arms, 260; Supporters, 91, 264; Badges, 229; Coins, 317; grants Augmentations, 213 Edward V.: Arms, 260 Edward VI.: Arms, 260; Supporters, 264; Badges, 229; bears the Ostrich Feather Badge, 230; Coins, 316 Edward VII. _Vide_ King Edward the Black Prince: Arms, 134, 178, 191; Crest, 91, 215; Badge, 230, 231; Motto, 234; First English Duke and Prince of Wales, 116, 234, 329; at Navaret, 248; his Will, 234; his Monument, 26, 233 Eglesfield, Robert de: Arms, 97 Eglintoun, Earls of, 11 Eleanor. _See_ Alianore Electoral Bonnet, 118, 263 Elford, Monuments at, 215 Elizabeth, Queen: Arms, 260; Supporters, 264; Badges and Mottoes, 229, 265; Changes Colour of Ribbon of the Garter, 126, 279; her Monument, 322 Elizabeth, Countess of Holland and of Hereford, 161 Elsyng, Brass at, 216, 323 Eltham, Prince John of, 26, 124, 165, 181, 250 Embattled, and Counter Embattled, 34, 118 Emblazoning, 47 Emblems, 9 Embowed, 82, 118 Embrued, 118 Endorse, Endorsed, 53, 118 Enfiled, 118 England: Arms, 27, 83, 89, 258; Royal Heraldry of, 258, 267; Patron Saints of, 19; Lions of, 87, 258; Crest, 90, 263; Supporters, 91, 264; Badges, 149, 228; Crowns, 266; Flags, 253 England, Bordure Wavy, 191, 192 Engrailed, 34, 118, 197 Enhanced, 118 Ensign, 255; Red, 255; White, 256; Blue, 256 Ensigned, 119 Entire, Entoire, Entoyre, 119 Enveloped, Environed, 119 Epithets, Heraldic, and Descriptive Terms, 80 Equipped, 119 Eradicated, 82, 119 Erased, 87, 119 Ermine, Ermines, Erminois, 41, 42, 119 Erne, 96, 119 Erneford, Wm. de: Arms, 96 Erskine: Arms, 53 Escallop or Escallop-Shell, 59, 77, 78, 120 Escarbuncle, 15, 119 Eschales: Arms, 17 Escroll, 119 Escutcheon, 119; of Pretence, 120, 170, 314 Esquire, 120 Essex, Henry, Earl of, 216 Essex, Earl of, Geoffrey de, 15 Essex, the Earl of: Supporters, 92 Estate, 120 Estoile, 120 Estoteville, Sir N. de: Arms, 202 Estwick: Motto, 139 Etone, Sir N. de: Arms, 96 Eureux, D', of Salisbury, 188 Ewelme, 323 Exeter Cathedral, 111, 231 Exeter, Hollands, Dukes of, 181; John Grandison, Bishop of, 184 Exeter, Marquess of: Supporters, 92 Expression, Styles and Forms of, 30

Fabulous Beings, in Heraldry, 79 Fairfax: Motto, 138 Falconer: Arms, 17 False, 120; False Cross, 55; False Escutcheon, 66; False Roundle, 72, 120 Fan, or Winnowing Fan, or Vane, 120 Fan-Crest, 120, 210 Faroe Islands: Arms, 264 Fauconberg, Sir Wm.: Arms, 203 Feathers, in Heraldry, 120. _See_ Ostrich Feathers Fees, for Grants of Arms, &c., 308, 310 Felbrigge, Sir S. de, K.G., 121 Felbrigg, Brass at, 121 Femme, 120 Fenwick, John: Arms, 44 Fer-de-Moline, or Mill rind, 120 Fermail, Fermaux, 121 Ferrers, De: Arms, 185; Anne, de, 185; Margaret, de, 170; William, Lord, of Groby, 185; Lord, of Chartley, 215 Fess or Fesse, 50, 121; Examples, 201 Fesse-Point, 33, 121 Fesse-wise, In Fesse, 51, 121 Fessways, 105 Fetter-lock, 121 Feudal Alliance and Dependency, Heraldic Record of, 159, 194 Feudal Influence, in Heraldry, 201 Feudal Tenure, 274 Field, 38, 121; Varied Fields, 42; "Of the Field," 43 Fife, H.R.H. Duchess of, 271 File, 121 Fillet, 121 Fimbriation, Fimbriated, 54, 121 Finned, 82 Fish, in Heraldry, 77, 82, 103, 121 Fishbourne, Giles de: Arms, 78 Fitched, 57 Fitchee, 58, 121 Fitton: Motto, 138 Fitz Alan, of Bedale, 52 Fitz Alan, Earl of Arundel, 83, 89, 118, 215 Fitz Parnel, Earl Robert, 195 Fitz Payne, Sir R. le: Arms, 204 Fitz Ralph: Arms, 196 Fitz Walter, Robert Le: Arms, 51 Fitz Warine, Fitz Waryn: Arms, 14; Sir Fulk de, 186 Fitz Urse: Arms, 76 Flags, 257; Military, 256, 257; Four remarks upon, 257 Flanches, Flasques, 68, 69, 122 Flanched, 191 Fleur de Lys, 122; quartered by Edward III, 124; Removed from Royal Shield of England, 262; in Modern Cadency, 193 Fleurie, or Fleury, 56, 125 Fleurettée, Florettée, 56, 125 Flexed, 125 Flighted, 102, 125 Flodden Field, 205 Fly, 125 Flory-counter-flory, 35 Foliated, 125 Formée, 57 Forneus, Sir R. de: Arms, 62 Forth, Viscount: Seal, 244 Fountain, 72, 125 Fourchée, Queue Fourchée, 55, 86, 125 Fraise, 193 "France Ancient," 122, 124; "France Modern," 122, 125; "Bordure of France," 124; "Label of France," 123; Imperial Eagle of, 99 Fraser, Wm.: Seal, 193 Frederick II., Emperor: Arms, 92 Frere: Arms, 58 Fret, Frette, Frettée, Fretty, 64, 71, 125, 133 Froissart, 248, 273 Fructed, 82, 125 Furs, 40, 42, 125 Furnival, De: Arms, 182, 203 Fusil, Fusillée, Fusily, 70, 125 Fylfot, 125 Fynderne, Wm., 156

Gad, Gadlyng, 125 Galley, 125 Gambe. _See_ Jambe Garb, 125, 195, 201 Garnished, 125 Garter, Order of the, 125, 276; Insignia of the, 125, 278; Stalls and Garter Plates of Knights, 278; Officers, 278 Garter King-of-Arms, 126, 130; Arms, 131 Gaveston, Piers: Arms, 95 Gemelles. _See_ Bars Gemelles Gem-Ring, 126 Genealogies, 300 Genet, 126 Geoffrey, Count of Anjou, 188 George, Saint: Arms, 19, 126, 253; Chapel of, 103 George, The, of the Garter, 126, 278; The Lesser, 126, 278 George I.: Arms, 263 George II.: Arms, 263 George III.: Arms, 263 George IV.: Arms, 263 Gerattyng, 126 German Empress, 271 Germany, the Emperor of: Arms, 92 Germany, the King of: Arms, 92 Geytone, Sir J. de: Arms, 201; Sir P. de, 202 Ghent, Prince John of, 179, 189, 232, 235, 241 Giffard: Arms, 152 Giffard, Sir A., 72; Sir J., 89, 204 Gimmel-Ring, 126 Girt, Girdled, 126 Gliding, 82 "Glossary of Heraldry," The Oxford, 31 Glossary of Titles, Names, and Terms, 100 Gloucester, Alianore, Duchess of, 323. _See_ De Bohun Gloucester, Humphrey, Duke of, 181, 236, 323; Thomas, Duke of, 232, 235, 322 Gloucester, Thomas le Despencer, Earl of, 171 Gloucester, Ralph de Monthermer, Earl of, 95 Gloucester Cathedral, Tiles at, 323 Gold, 42, 47 Golpe, 72 Gonfannon, 126 Gorged, 127 Gorges, R. de: Arms, 127 Gothic Architecture, Heraldry in, 321 Gothic Art, its Heraldic Character, 325 Gothic Monuments, Heraldry of, 322 Gough, Lord: Arms, 23 Gouttée, Guttée, 127 Grafton, Duke of: Supporters, 91; Differences, 191 Graham, Robert: Seal, 242 Grand Quartering, Grand Quarters, 35, 127, 166 Grandison: Arms, 5, 96, 184 Grandison, Bishop John de, 184 Grants of Arms, 308; Example, 309 Great Malvern, Tiles at, 323 Great Yarmouth: Arms, 168 Greek Cross, 55 Greenland: Arms, 269 Greville, Earl of, 208 Grey: Arms, 52; Crest of Sir Richard de Grey, K.G., 215 Grieces, 127 Griffin. _See_ Gryphon Grosvenor: Arms, 195; Sir R. de, 58, 200 Gryphon, Griffin, 79, 80 Guardant, 85, 127 "Guide to the Study of Heraldry," by Mr. Montagu, 2, 9, 191 Guige, 127 Gules, 41, 48, 127 Gurges, Gorges, 127 Gyron, Gyronnée, Gyronny, 34, 64, 70, 127

Habited, 127 Hainault, the Counts of: Arms, 83 Hainault, Queen Philippa of, 230, 232 Hames, Haimes, 127 Hamilton, Crest, 150, 213 Hamilton, Duke of, 150 Hamilton, Sir Gilbert de, 150 Hammer, or martel, 127 Hanover, 263; Arms, 262 Harcourt, Sir R.: Arms, 217; Harecourt, or Harcourt: Arms, 51, 182 Hardinge, Viscount: Supporters, 92 Hardwick, Earl of: Supporters, 92 Harp, 127 Harris: Arms, 76 Harington Knot, 133 Harsyck, Sir J.: Crest, 216 Hart, 81, 116, 127 Hastilude, 128 Hastings, the Earl, 196; Edmund de, 196; Edward, Lord, 133; Sir Hugh, 216 Hastings: Arms, 136; Crest, 216 Hatchment, 128 Hatfield, Thomas, 215 Hauriant, 82, 128 Hautville, Sir G. de: Arms, 203 Hawk's Bells, Jesses, and Lure, 105, 128 Hay: Arms, 66, 119 Headfort, the Marquess of: Supporters, 92 Hedge-hog, 76 Heightened, 128 Heights, 128 Heiress, Arms of, 170 Helena, H.R.H., the Princess, Princess Christian, 271 Helm, Helmet, 128, 174 Hemenhale: Arms, 51 Hempbrake, Hackle, 130 Heneage Knot, 130, 133 Henry I.: Arms, 88, 260; Badge, 228 Henry II.: Arms, 260; Badges, 228 Henry III.: Arms, 259; Badge, 228; Rolls of Arms of his Era, 13 Henry IV.: Label, as Duke of Lancaster, 181; Motto, 110, 235; Arms, 259; quarters "France Modern," 125; Badges, 228; Crown, 266; Seal, 235 Henry V.: Arms, 260; Badges, 153, 228; Crown, 114, 266 Henry VI.: Arms, 260; Badges, 229; Supporters, 91, 228, 264; Crown, 114, 266; Motto, 265 Henry VII.: 126, 279; Arms, 260; Badges, 229; Supporters, 264 Henry VIII.: 126, 191, 207, 279, 295; Arms, 260; Badges, 229; Supporters, 264; Coins, 317 Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, 181 "Herald and Genealogist," 302 Heralds of England, Incorporated, 304 Herald, 130, 212 Heraldic Sails, 250 Heralds' College, 130, 304 Heraldry, Early Love, of in England, 2; Early Influence, 2; Definition and True Character of, 3; of the twelfth century, 4; Utility of, 4; English Mediæval, 5; Ancient, 6, 9; English, its Career, 9; Early English Literature of, 12; its Allusive Character, 15; Canting, 16; Revival in England, 20, 24, 306; Debasement, 21, 22; a Science, 24, 27, 30, 326; an Art, 24, 27, 326; Style of Art in, 24, 30; Treatment of Animate Creatures in, 24, 27; Language of, 29; Nomenclature, 29; Style and Forms of Expression, 30; Birds in, 76; Beasts in, 76; Human Beings in, 73; the Lion in, 83, 86; the Eagle in, 9, 91; Scottish, 131; of Monuments, 322; Royal, 258; of the Coinage, 316; its present Popularity, 304; in Architecture, 321; of Illuminations, 324; in Inlaid Tiles, 323; of Costume, 324 "Heraldry of Fish," by Mr. Moule, 77, 121 Hereford, De Bohuns, Earls of, 59; Elizabeth, Countess of, 161 Hereford Cathedral, 214 Herison, Herrison, 76, 131 Heriz, De (Harris): Arms, 76 Heron: Arms, 17 Herring, 77 Herschel, Sir J.: Arms, 23 Heytesbury and Homet, Lord, 225 Heytesbury, the Baron: Supporters, 99 Hill, Hillock, 131 Hind, 81, 116 Hirondelle, 77, 132 Hoftot, Sir R. de, 202 Hoist, 132 Holland, Counts of, 83; Elizabeth, Countess of, 161 Hollands, of Exeter, 181, 206; of Kent and Surrey, 181, 206 Holland, John, Earl of Huntingdon: Seal, 258 Holstein: Arms, 269 Honour, Augmentations of, 204 Honour-Point, 33, 132 "Honours," Regimental, 256 Honourable Insignia, Medals, and Clasps, 175 Hoofed, 80 Hospitallers. _See_ St. John, Knights of Hotspur, Henry, 169 Howard: Arms, 205; Augmentation, 205; Crest, 91, 216; Badge, 224 Howard, Thos., Duke of Norfolk, 205 Human Beings, in Heraldry, 73 Humettée, 54, 132 Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, 181, 236, 322 Hungerford, 225; Badge, 224 Hungerford, Lord, 240; Sir Walter de, 225, 247; Sir Robert de, 225, 249 Huntingfield, Roger de: Arms, 72 Huntercumbe: Arms, 52 Huntley, the Marquess of, 68 Hurst, 132 Hurt, 72, 132 Husband and Wife, Marshalling their Arms, 167, 171 Hussy: Arms, 225

Iceland: Arms, 269 Illegitimacy, Cadency of, 132, 187 Illuminations, Heraldry of, 323 Imaginary Beings, in Heraldry, 79 Imbrued, Embued, 132 Impalement, Impaled, 132, 168, 249; of the Bordure and Tressure, 170 Impaling, 181 Imperial Crown, the, 114, 264; Imperially Crowned, 132 Imperial Service Order, 292 Incensed, Inflamed, 132 In Bend, 59, 132 In Chevron, 62, 132 In Chief, 50, 132 In Complement, 80 In Cross, 55, 132 In Fesse, 51, 132 In Foliage, 82, 132 In Full Course, 81 In Lure, 81, 132 In Orle, 66 In Pale, 54 In Point, 63 In her Piety, 81, 132 In Pretence, 132 In Pride, 81, 132 In Quadrangle, 132 In Saltire, 61 In Splendour, 80, 132 Increscent, 80, 132 Indented, 35, 132 Indian Empire, Order of, 290 Inescutcheon, 65, 132 Infantry Colours, 256 Innes, Walter: Seal, 11 Innes, or De Ynays, Wm.: Seal, 11 Insects, in Heraldry, 79, 82 Invected, or Invecked, 35 Inverted, 81 Ireland: Badge, 151, 228; Heraldry of, 308; Chief Herald of, 131 Ireland, Bordures, 191 Ireland, De Vere, Duke of, 206 Irradiated, 132 Isabel, of France: Seal, 124, 161 Isabel, Countess of Bedford, 223 Isabel le Despenser, 171 Isle of Man: Arms, 9, 74 Islip, Abbot: Rebus, 147 Issuant, 132

JAMBE, Gambe, 87, 132 James I. of Scotland: Badge, 229; Supporters, 264 James IV. of Scotland: at Flodden, 205; Supporters, 265 James V. of Scotland: Crest and Motto, 264; Garter Plate, 68 James VI. of Scotland--James I. of Great Britain: Arms, 260; Supporters, 91, 265; Badges and Motto, 154, 229, 265; creates Baronets, 104; his proclamation for first "Union Jack," 253 James II.: Arms, 260; Supporters, 264; Badge, 229; frames Statutes for Order of Thistle, 280 James: Motto, 138 Jane Seymour, Queen, 229 Jardine: Arms, 198 Jefferay: Motto, 138 Jelloped, 133 Jerusalem: Arms, 43 Jessant, Jessant de lys, 133 Jesses, 133 Jewellery, Heraldic, 324 Joan, Daughter of Edward I., 95 Joan, Countess of Surrey: Seal, 162 Joanna, of Navarre, Queen: Badge, 126, 228 John, King: his Seal as Prince, 88; Arms, 259; Badge, 228 John, Prince, of Eltham, 26, 124, 165, 181, 250 John, Prince of Ghent, 179, 189, 232, 241 John de Dreux, 163, 165 John, Duke of Bedford, 181 John de Warrenne, Earl of Surrey, 162 Johnston: Arms, 198 Joust, 133 Jowlopped, or Jelloped, 133 Jupon, 133 Juxon, Archbishop, 279

KAISAR-I-HIND medal, 294 Kent, De Burgh, Earl of, 70; Hollands, Earls of, 181 Key, 133 KING, H.M. THE: Crown, 114, 266; Arms, 263, 267; Banner, 252 "King Maker," the, 198, 208 King, Mr.: his "Hand-book of Engraved Gems," 6 King-of-Arms, 130, 133, 177. _See_ Herald King's College Chapel, Cambridge, Heraldry of, 25, 322 "King's Colour," 257 King's Langley, Monument at, 323 Kinnoul, Earl of, 154, 307 Kirketot, Sir Wm., 202 Kirkpatrick: Arms, 198 Kirton, Abbot: Rebus, 147 Knights, Knighthood, Knightly Orders, 117, 133, 175, 273 Knights of St. John, 57, 275; Templars, 13, 275 Knot, 133, 224 Kyrkeby: Arms, 65

LABEL, _or File_, 134, 178; Forms of, 134; Points of, 134, 178; Differenced, 179, 180; a Royal Difference, 178; as borne by Princes Royal, 178; by Black Prince, 178; by Princes of Wales, 178; of Brittany, 179; of France, 179; of Lancaster, 179, 180; of York, 179; borne as a Badge, 193; in Modern Cadency, 193 Laci, Lacy, De: Arms, 83, 89, 161 Laci, Earl Henry de: Crest, 210 Lacy Knot, 134 Ladies, Unmarried: their Arms, 173 Ladies', Heraldic Costume, 160, 161, 324; their right to bear Badges, 227 Laing, Mr. H., his "Catalogue of Scottish Seals," 11, 161, 193, 211, 224, 239, 242, 265, 317 Lamb, 76 Lambert: Arms, 76 Lambrequin, 135. _See_ Mantling Lambton: Arms, 76 Lancaster, Label of, 179; Rose of, 149, 228; Badge of, 153; Livery Colours of, 135; Collar of, 110 Lancaster, Edmund, Earl of, 123, 179, 181, 323; Henry, Earl of, 183, 239; Thomas, Earl of, 211; John of Ghent, Duke of, 179 (_see_ John of Ghent); Matilda of, 163, 186 Lancaster Herald, 130 Lance-Rest. _See_ Clarion Lane, Jane, 205 Language of Heraldry, 29, 30 Langued, 80, 135 Latimer, George, Lord, 187; William le, 142, 214 Latin Cross, 55 "Law and Practice of Heraldry in Scotland," by Mr. Seton, 9, 68, 94, 198, 260, 307 Law of Tinctures, 43 Leaves in Heraldry, 102, 135 Leechford, Sir R.: Confirmation of Arms to, 312 Legh, Gerard, 22 Leicester, Banner of, 14 Leicester, Robert, Earl of, 195 Leicestershire Families, their Arms, 196 Lennox, Countess of: Arms, 68, 323 Leon: Arms, 83, 166. _See_ Castile Leopard, Leopardé, 84, 135, 258 L'Ercedeckne: Arms, 196 Leslie: Arms, 94; Euphemia, Countess of Ros, 94 "Lesser George," the, 126 Le Strange. _See_ Strange Letters of the Alphabet, in Heraldry, 135 Leveson: Arms, 17, 102 Leybourne, Sir W. de: Arms, 90 Lichfield, Joust at, 223 Lincoln, Earls of: Arms, 89, 161, 203 Lincoln, Henry, Earl of: Crest, 210 Lincoln and Pembroke, Margaret, Countess of, 161 Lindsay, Sir W.: Seal, 242 Line, Border Line, Lined, 135 Lion in Heraldry, 25, 27, 76, 83, 87, 135; Heraldic Treatment of, 23, 92; of England, 88, 258; of Scotland, 67, 259; as a Crest, 90; as a Supporter, 90, 91, 264; Percy Lion, 216; Howard Lion, 216; Examples of Lions, 203 Lion's Face, 87; Head, 87; Jambe, 87 Lioncel, 87, 135 Lion-leopard, Lion-leopardé, 85 Lionel, Prince, of Clarence, 164, 180 Lisle, Arthur, Viscount, 190 Little Easton, Brass at, 110, 216 Livery, Badges depicted on, 220 Livery Colours, 135 Lodged, 80, 135 Lomelye, Lumley, Sir R.: Arms, 202 London, City of: Arms, 153 Longespée, William, Earl of Salisbury, 83, 90, 188, 323 Lord Lyon, 131, 238, 307 Lorn: Arms, 135 Lorraine: Arms, 97; Duchy of, 96 Loterel, Luterell: Arms, 76, 182, 196, 212 Loterel, Luterell, Sir A., 182; Sir G., 182, 212 Louis VII., of France, 122 Louise, H.R.H., The Princess, 271 Loutre, 76 Louvaine: Arms, 167 Lower, Mr. M. A., 9, 302; on Crests, 222 Lozenge, 37, 69, 135 Lozengy, 135 Luce, or Lucy, 17, 77, 135 Lucy: Arms, 17, 170; Sir Anthony, 78; Geoffrey de, 78 Ludlow Church, 231 Lullingstone, 147 Lunenburgh: Arms, 262, 278 Lure, 81, 135 Luterell. _See_ Loterel Lyhart, Bishop Walter: Rebus, 147 Lymphad, 135 Lyon Office, 131, 307; Depute, 307

MAHON, Sir W.: Motto, 244 Maintenance, Cap of, 136 Malet, Sir R., 202; Sir T., 202 Malmesbury, Earl of: Supporters, 99 Maltese Cross, 57 Man, Isle of, 9, 74 Manche, Maunche, 136 Mandeville, Geoffrey de, 15 Manfee, Sir W.: Arms, 203 Mantle, 136 Mantling, Badges depicted on, 220 Mantling, or Lambrequin, 136, 175, 213; Marked for Cadency, 192 March, Mortimers, Earls of: Seals, 242 Margaret, of Anjou, Queen, 97; of France, 123, 160, 168; Bruce, 161; Beaufort, 169; Tudor, 170; Countess of Lincoln, 161; de Ferrers, 170 Marks of Cadency, Marking Cadency. _See_ Cadency Marlborough, Duke of, 95, 98 Marmion, Sir R. de: Crest, 215 Marny, Sir R. de: Seal, 213 Marquess, Marquis, Marchioness, 136 Marriage, Heraldic Record of, 168 Marshalling, 137, 159; by Combination, 165; by Quartering, 166; Quartered Coats, 167; Arms of Husband and Wife, 167, 171; Crests, 174; Helms, Coronets, Mantlings, Mottoes, Supporters, Badges, and Various Insignia, 174, 175 Martel, 17, 137 Martlet, 77, 137; in Modern Cadency, 193 Martin: Crest and Motto, 139 Mary Tudor, Queen: Arms, 260; Supporters, 264; Badges, 229; grants Derby House to the Heralds, 130 Mary Stuart, Queen: Arms, 260 Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots: her Signet, 265; Heraldry of her Monument, 281 Mary, The Princess, of Teck, 270 Mary de Saint Paul: Seal, 163 Mascle, Masculée, 69, 137 Masoned, 137 Matilda de Chaworth, 164; of Lancaster, 163 Maufee, Sir Wm., 202 Melfort, Earl: Seal, 244 Membered, 137 Menteith, Earl of, 94 Merchant's Mark, 137 Mercy, Order of, 293 Mere, De la. _See_ Delamere Mere, De la: Arms, 52 Merevale, Brass at, 215 Merit, Order of, 286 Mermaid, Merman, or Triton, 137 Metals, 40, 42, 138 Methuen, the Baron, 95 Military Flags, 257 Mill-rind. _See_ Fer-de-Moline "Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica," 302 Mitre, 138 Moline, 56, 138 Molines, Molyneux, De: Arms, 56 Monecastre, Sir W. de: Arms, 202 Monson, the Baron: Supporters, 92 Montacute, De, Montagu: Origin of the Name, 16; Arms, 70, 95 Montagu, Mr., his work on Heraldry, 2, 9, 196 Montfort, De: Arms, 60; Sir ---- de, 203 Montgomerie, Sir W. de, 96 Montgomerie, Earl of Eglintoun: Arms, 10 Monthermer, Sir Ralph de, 95, 99 Moon, the, 80, 138 Moor's heads, 73 Monypeny, Thomas: Seal, 319 Mortimer, De: Origin of the Name, 16; Arms, 65, 169; Differences, 182; Crest, 141 Mortimer, Edmund de, Earl of March: Seal, 242 Mortimer's, 65 Motto, 138, 174, 219; Royal, 219 Moule, Mr., his "Heraldry of Fish," 77, 121 Mound, 139 Mounpynzon: Arms, 76 Mount, 139 Mounteney, De: Arms, 197; Sir E. de, 197; Sir J. de, 197; Sir T. de, 197 Mowbray, Segrave and Stourton, Lord, 89, 329 Mowbray, Sir J., 203; Roger de, 89; Supporters of Baron, 92; Thomas de, Duke of Norfolk, 207, 216, 233 Mullet, 139; in Modern Cadency, 193 Mundegumri, John: Seal, 10 Mural Crown, 139 Murallée, Walled. _See_ Walled Mure, Wm.: Seal, 319 Murrey, 135 Muschamp: Arms, 79

Naiant, 82, 140 Naissant, 140 Names, 31 Nassau: Arms, 261 Natural Objects, in Heraldry, 79 Naval Crown, 140 Navarre: Arms, 124, 228 Naveret, Battle of, 248 Nebulée, or Nubuly, 34, 140 Nelson, Admiral Lord: Arms, 23 Neville: Arms, 61; Differences, 187; Badge, 146 Neville, George de, Lord Latimer, 187 Neville, Earl Richard de, 198, 208, 222 Newburgh: Arms, 320, 321 Nicholas, Sir N. Harris, 9; on Ostrich Feather Badge, 230; on "Union Jack," 253 Nichols, Mr. J. Gough, 9, 15, 302 Nimbus, 140 Nomenclature, Heraldic, 29 Norfolk, the Duke of, 131; Arms, 205; quarters Mowbray, 89; Supporters, 91; Crest, 216; Earl Marshal, 131 Norfolk, Thomas Mowbray, Duke of, 233 Normans, their Shields and Standards, 5 Norroy, 130. _See_ Herald Northleigh, 323 Northumberland, Earls of: Arms, 78, 89, 247 Northumberland, Henry, 1st Earl of, 167; the Duke of, 91 Nortone, Sir J. de: Arms, 203 Norway: Arms, 83 Norway, H.M., Queen of, 271 Norwich: Arms of the See, 185; Henry, Bishop of, 185 Nova Scotia, Badge. _See_ Baronet Nowed, 82, 140

Octofoil, in Modern Cadency, 193 Official Insignia, 175; in Cadency, 184 Official Arms, 174 Ogress, 72, 140 Oldenburgh: Arms, 269 Oldham, Bishop: Rebus, 147 Onslow: Motto, 138 Opinions, 140 Oppressed, Debruised, 140 Or, 40, 140 Orders of Knighthood. _See_ Knighthood Order of Merit, 286 Ordinaries, 42, 49; their structural Origin, 14, 64 Ordinary of Arms, 140. _See_ Armory Oreiller, 140 Orle, In Orle, 66, 140 Ornaments, 209, 210 Osbaldistone, Frank, 1 Ostrevant, Comté of, 230 Ostrich Feather Badge, 141, 216, 230 Otter, 76 Ousflet, Sir G. de: Arms, 202 Overall, Sur tout, 141 Overt, 141 Ownership, Badges as a sign of, 103 Oxford, De Veres, Earls of, 206 Oxney, John: Rebus, 146

Padlock, Badge, 241 Paignel, John: Arms, 196 Painted Chamber, Westminster, 246 Pale, Pale-wise, In Pale, Paly, 53, 54, 141 Pall, 141 Pallet, 53, 141 Palliot, French Writer on Heraldry, 244 Paly Bendy, 60, 141 Panache, 141, 213, 214 Parliament, 328 Parr, Queen Catherine, 229 Party, Parted, 33, 142 Passant, Passant Guardant, Passant Reguardant, Passant Repassant, 85, 142 Pastoral Staff, 142 Patée, or Formée, 57, 142 Pateshulle, J. de: Arms, 51 Patonce, 56, 142 Patriarchal, 55, 142 Paul, Sir J. Balfour, 307 Pawne, Peacock, 76 Peach-Branches, 147 Pean, 41, 142 Pebmarsh, Brass at, 196 Peché, Sir John, 147 Pedro, King of Castile, 248 Peer, 142 Peerage, 143; Privilege of, 330 Peerage Dignities, 327 Peeress in her own Right, 173 Pegasus, 143, 276 Pelham: Arms, 76; Badge, 224 Pelican, 76, 132, 143 Pellet, 72, 143 Pembridge, Sir R. de: Crest, 214, 216 Pembroke, the Earl of, 163; De Valences, Earls of, 52, 323 Pembroke College, Cambridge, 163 Penbrugge: Arms, 52 Pendent, 143 Pennon, 3, 143, 246 Per, 33, 143 Perceval: Motto, 139 Perci, Percy: Arms, 70, 83, 167; Crest, 91, 216; Badges, 224, 241, 246; Seals, 241 Perci, Henry de, 78, 182, 203, 210 Perci, Henry de, 3rd Baron, 182; Agnes de, 160 Percy Shrine, Beverley Minster, 27 Percy Effigy, at Beverley, 159 Peterborough, 147; Cathedral and Deanery, 231 Petrasancta, Silvester de, 40 Petre, the Baron: Supporters, 92 Peverel: Badge, 224; Catherine, 225 Peverel Garbe, 133 Peyvre, Sir R. de: Arms, 62, 203 Philip, "the Hardy," 160 Philippa, Queen, of Hainault: Badge, 230, 232; Heraldry of her Monument, 169, 322 Phoenix, 143 Pickering, Sir T. de: Arms, 204 Pigot: Arms, 17 Pile, In Pile, 62, 143 Pirepound, Sir R.: Arms, 204 Planche, Mr., 9, 74, 96, 195, 235 Plantagenet, The Royal House of, 17, 188; Livery Colours of, 135; Arthur, 190 Planta Genista, 17, 143, 227 Plate, Plattee, 72, 143 Plenitude, 144 Plume, 144 Points, or Stops, in Heraldry, 46 Points of a Shield, 33, 144; In Point, 144 Pole: Motto, 139 Pomme, Pommee, 56, 144 Poninge, Sir T. de: Arms, 202 Popinjay, 76, 144 Port, 144 Portcullis, 144; Pursuivant, 130 Portland, Duke of: Supporters, 91 Potent, 41, 57, 144 Poudree, Powdered, 45, 144 Poutrel, Sir R.: Arms, 201 Potent, 41 Preieres, Sir J. de: Arms, 202 Precedence, Order of, 295; in the Royal Family, 299; of Women, 298 Prelates: Arms, 173 Pretence, Escutcheon of, 120, 170, 314 Preying, 144 Prince, Princess, 144 Princes and Princesses of the Royal Family; Armorial Insignia, 269, 270; Coronets, 144 Proper, 42, 81 Provence: Arms, 38 Purfled, 144 Purpure, 41, 48, 144 Pursuivant, 130, 144 "Pursuivant of Arms," by Mr. Planché. _See_ Planché Pycot, Sir B.: Arms, 202

Quadrate, 55, 145 Quarter, 64, 145. _See_ Canton Quarter Pierced, 55 Quartering, 34, 145; Simple, 34; Compound, 34, 165; Grand, 167; Marshalling by, 165; the Bordure and Tressure, 170 Quarterings, Quarters, 34, 165; Grand, 34, 165 Quartered Coats, Marshalling of, 165 Quarterly Quartered, 34, 145 Quarterly Quartering, 34, 146 Quarterly Pierced, 55 Quatrefoil, 146 Queen Alexandra, 268, 269 Queen Victoria, 263 Queen's College, Oxford, 97 Quency, De: Arms, 17 Queue Fourchée, 86, 125, 146 Quilled, 146 Quintefueil, 17

Radclyffe, Radcliffe: Arms, 58 Radiant, Rayonée, 146 Radstock, the Baron: Supporters, 99 Ragged Staff, 134, 146, 198, 321 Ragulée, Raguly, 34, 146 Ram, 76 Rampant, Rampant Guardant and Reguardant, 84, 85, 146 Ramryge, John, 147 Ramryge, Thomas, Abbot of St. Albans, 25, 76, 97, 204, 231, 323 Ramsey: Arms, 76 Randolf, Sir J., 202 Rayonne, 35 Ready, Mr., his Casts of Seals, 317 Rebus, 146, 221 Recercelee, 56, 147 Red Ensign, 255 References to Authorities, 13 Reflexed, Reflected, 147 Regalia, 139 "Regimental Colour," the, 257 Reguardant, 85, 147 Rein-deer, 102, 147 Reptiles, in Heraldry, 79 Respecting, 147 Rest. _See_ Clarion Ribbon, Riband, 58, 147; of the Garter, 279; Bath, 285; Thistle, 281; St. Patrick, 282; Star of India, 288 Rich, Earl of, 208 Richard I.: Arms, 88, 259; Crest, 220; Seals, 88, 209; Badges, 228 Richard II.: Arms, 206, 259; Crest 91, 216; Badges, 27, 216, 228, 233; Roll of Arms of his Era, 13 Richard III.: Arms, 260; Badges, 228; Supporters, 264; incorporates Heralds, 130, 304 Richard, Earl of Cornwall, and King of the Romans, 68, 93 Richard, Earl of Warwick, 208 Richmond, Henry, Duke of, 190, 192 Richmond, John de Dreux, Earl of, 165 Richmond and Lennox, Ludovic Stuart, Duke of, 117 Richmond Herald, 130 Rising, Roussant, 81, 147 Riveres: Arms, 51 Robert II. of Scotland, 264 Robsart, Earl Ludovic: Monument, 240 Rolls of Arms, 12, 29 Romans, Richard, King of the, 68, 93 Rompu, 148 Roringe, Sir R. de: Arms, 202 Ros, de, Barony, 329 Ross, Euphemia, Countess of, 94; Marg., Lady de, 161; the Earl of, 94 Rosamond, Fair, 90, 188 Rose, 148; en Soleil, 149; of England, 149, 228; of Lancaster, 149, 228; of York, 149, 228; Badge of Edward I., 228; in Modern Cadency, 193 Rossel, Sir G.: Arms, 17, 202 Rouge Croix, Pursuivant, 130 Rouge Dragon, Pursuivant, 130 Roundle, Roundlet, 71, 72 Rous, Sir Thomas le, 201 Royal Arms, 118 Royal Badges, 227, 229, 268; Banners, 266; Personages, their Arms, 174; Mottoes, 265; Red Cross, 294; Standards, 250, 266; Supporters, 264 Royal Family, junior members of, 179 Royal Livery, 136 Rue, Chaplet of, 108 Ruskin, Mr., 323 Rustre, 69, 149

Sable, 41, 48, 149 Saggitarius, Sagittary, 149, 258 Sails, Heraldic, 250 Saint Alban, Abbey Church and Arms of, 25, 75, 204, 322; Heraldic Tiles at, 324 Saint Albans, Duke of, 191 Saint Andrew: Arms, 61; Banner, 254 Saint Anthony: Badge, 154 Saint Edmund. _See_ Edmund Saint Edward, the Confessor. _See_ Edward Saint George: Arms and Banner, 54, 251, 253, 279; Ensign, 256; Chapel, 171 Saint John, of Jerusalem, Knights of, 275, 294 Saint Michael and Saint George, Order of, 288 Saint Michael's Church, St. Albans, 157 Saint Patrick: Arms and Banner, 61, 262; Order of, 281 Saint Paul: Badge, 153 Saint Paul, Mary de, 163; Guy, Count de, 163 Saint Vincent, the Viscount: Supporters, 99 Saint Waly, Sir R. de: Arms, 204 Salamander, 149 Salient, 86, 149 Salisbury, Longespée, Earl of, 90, 95, 188 Salisbury, D'Eureux, Earl of, 188 Salisbury Cathedral, 323 Salisbury, Marquess of: Supporters, 92 Saltire, Saltire-wise, In Saltire, 61, 149 Sanglier, 106, 149 Sans, 52, 149 Saracen's heads, 73 Savage-man, Wood-man, 149 Saw, Frame Saw, 150 Saxony: Dukedom and Arms, 113, 267 Scales, Rob. de: Arms, 78 Scarpe, Escarpe, 150 Science of Heraldry, 24, 30, 326 Scintillant, 150 Scotland, Bordure Company, 191; Early Heraldry of, 94; Heraldry of, 198; Royal Heraldry of, 258; Royal Arms of, 67, 83, 170, 258; Crests, 91, 244, 264; Badge, 151, 228; Illegitimacy Marks in, 191; Supporters, 264; Mottoes, 265; Scottish Supporters, 237; Differenced Shield of, 205; Early Seals of, 161 (_see_ Laing, Mr. H.) Scots, Mary Queen of, 68 Scott, Sir Walter, of Abbotsford, 1, 326 Scott, Sir Walter, 1, 326 Scottish Seals, Laing's Catalogue of, 11. _See_ Laing Scrope, Le: Arms, 58, 200; Badge, 224 Scrope, Sir R. le, 58, 200; Thos. le, 186; Controversy, 200 Scudamore: Arms, 152; Motto, 138 Seals: their value in Heraldry, 10, 317; Early Scottish, 11; Casts of, 317; Suggestive of Supporters, 238; Examples, 317 Seax, 150 Secondary Charges, 183 Seeded, 82, 150 Segrave: Arms, 83; Sir John, 89 Segreant, 150 Sejant, 86, 150 Semee, 45, 150; de lys, 125 Seton, Mr., his "Scottish Heraldry," 9, 68, 94, 138, 198, 260, 307, 308 Sevans, Septvans: Arms, 120 Seymour, Queen Jane, 229 Shakefork, 151 Shakespeare: Arms, 151; grant of Arms to, 309 Shamrock, 151, 228 Shelly: Arms, 17 Shield, or Escutcheon, Heraldic, 14, 37, 151; Parts, Points, and Divisions of, 32; Varieties, 35; Bowed, 35; à Bouche, 36; Couchee, 38; Differenced, 200; treatment, 38 Shield-belt. _See_ Guige Shield-boss, 15 Shields-of-Arms, 2 Ship, 151 Shoveller, 151 Sickle, 225, 266 Simple Quartering, 34, 151 Single Small Charges, for Difference, 186 Sinister, 32, 33, 151 Sinople, 41, 151, 158 Six-foil, 151 Sleswick: Arms, 269 Slipped, 82, 151 Someri, Sir J. de: Arms, 204 Somerset, Henry, Duke of, 189, 190; John, Duke of, 236 Somerset Herald, 130 Sottone, Sutton, Sir R. de: Arms, 203 Southacre, 216 Southampton, the Baron: Supporters, 92 "Soutiens, Les," 244 Spain, Queen of, 272 Spear, 151 Spiritual Peers, 105 Spur, 151 SS., Collar of, 110, 130, 151. _See_ Collar St. Quintin: Arms, 62 Staff, crook-headed, 115 Stafford, De: Arms, 61; Badge, 153 Stafford, Sir H. de: Standard, 251 Stafford, Sir Humphrey de: Crest-wreath, 217 Stafford Knot, 133, 151, 251 Stag, 116 Stains, 42 Stall-Plate, 151, 278 Standard, 152, 251; Anglo-Saxon, 5; Anglo-Norman, 5; Badges on, 220; Marked for Cadency, 192; Royal, 252, 266; Recording, 252 Staple, 152 Stapleton: Badge, 152 Star, 152 Star of India, Order of, 287 Statant, Statant Guardant, 85, 152 Staunton Harcourt, 217 Stephen: Arms, 88; Badges, 108, 228 Steward, Alexander, Earl of Menteith: Seal, 94 Steward, Board of, 199 Stewart, Margaret, Countess of Angus, 94 Stirrup, 152 Stock, 152 Stormerk: Arms, 269 Stourton: Badge, 224; Lord, 329 Strange, Le Strange: Arms, 89 Strange, Hamon Le, 89; Sir J. Le, 204 Stringed, 152 "Strongbow:" Seal, 62 Stuart, Ludovic, 117; Sir Richard: Seal, 319; Badge, 233 Stuarts: Arms, 124; Livery Colours, 135 Subordinaries, 42, 64 Suns and Roses, Collar of, 110, 152. _See_ Collar Supporters, 152, 175, 237; their probable Origin, 94, 237; their heraldic Significance, 243; rightly supported, 243; Royal, 264; of the United Kingdom, 265; of Scotland, 264; granted by the Lord Lyon, 237 "Supports, Les," 244 Surcoat, 153, 192 Surmounted, 153 Surrey, Earl of, 162, 207 Swan, 81, 153, 251 Sweden: Arms, 269 Sword, 153 Swyneborne: Arms, 17 Sykes: Arms, 72 Symbolical Expression and Record ancient and universal, 5

Tabard, 130, 154 Talbot: Badge, 224 Tanfield, 215 Tapestry, Bayeux, 5 Tau Cross, 55, 226 Tawke: Arms, 154 Tax on "Armorial Bearings," 313 Teck, Arms of, 270 Templars, Order of, 276; their Banner, 13, 276 Templars, Barristers of the Temple, 276 Temple Church, London, 15; at Beverley Minster, 107 Tenent, 154, 244 Tennée, Tawny, 42, 154 Tetlow: Arms, 23 Tey: Motto, 139 Thistle, 68, 154, 228; Order and Insignia of the, 280 Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, 148, 181, 232, 235 Thomas, Duke of Clarence, 181 Thorpe, Sir E. de: Helm and Crest, 215 Throne: heirs apparent, 227 Through, 54 Tiercée, In Tierce, Per Tierce, 155 Tiles, Encaustic, 323 Timbre, Timbred, 154, 155 Tinctures, 40, 155; Law of, 43, 46; Blazoning in, 47; Change of, for Cadency, 182 Tiptoft, John, Lord: Seal, 215 Titles, 31 Tong, 217 Torse, 113, 155 Torteau, Torteaux, 72, 155 Tower, Turret, 155 Transposed, 155 Treflée, or Botonée, 56, 155 Trefoil, 155 Treille, Trellis, 71, 155 Tremaine: Arms, 75 Tressure, 66, 67, 155; impaled and quartered, 170; incorrectly blazoned, 317 Tricked, In Trick, 42, 155 Trippant or Tripping, 80, 81, 155 Triton, 155 Trivet, 155 Trompintoun, Trumpington, Sir R. de, 17, 155 Trotton: Brass at, 110, 169 Trumpet, 155 Trumpington: Brass at, 17, 158 Trussed, Trussing, 155 Trussell, Tressell: Arms, 71 Trusses, 81 Tryvett: Arms, 155 Tudor, Arthur: Badge, 130, 233 Tudor, Margaret, 170 Tudor: Badge, 144; Livery Colours, 135; Rose, 156, 228 Tun, 148, 156 Tyndall: Crest, 146 Tyndalls, 141 Tynes, 81, 156

Ufford, Sir Ralph de: Arms, 164, 186 Ulster, Badge of, 104. _See_ Baronet and Herald Ulster, William, Earl of, 163 Ulster King-of-Arms, 131, 308 Undée, Undy, 35, 156 Unguled, 80, 156 Unicorn, 91, 156, 264, 265 "Union Jack," 54, 156, 252; the First, 253; the Second, 253, 254 Union Device, 102, 205 United Kingdom: Supporters, 265 Unmarried Ladies: Arms, 173 Urdée, 57 Uriant, 82, 156

Vair, 41, 42, 156 Valence, De: Arms, 163, 168, 323 Dimidiating Claremont Nesle, 168 Valence, Earl William de, 45, 53, 77, 217; Earl Aymer de, 163 Vandalia: Arms, 269 Vane. _See_ Fan Varied Fields, 42, 59 Vavasour, William le, 51 Vele, De: Arms, 76 Vere, De: Motto, 138 Vere, Robert de, 136, 206 Verley, Sir Philip de, 96 Vernon, Sir William, 217 Vert, 41, 48, 156 Vervels, Vervals, 156 Vesci, William de, 56 Vested, 156 VICTORIA, QUEEN: Arms, 263 Victoria Cross, 293 Victoria, H.R.H. Princess, 271 Victorian Order, 291 Victoria and Albert, Order of, 294 Villiers, de L'Isle Adam, Phillippe de, 57, 275 Viscomes, 156 Viscount, Viscountess, 156 Vivre, 157 Voided, 55, 157 Vol, 96, 157 Volant, 81, 82, 157 Volunteers: Motto and Flag, 256; Decoration, 294 Vulned, 157 Vulning, 81

Wachesham, Sir G. de: Arms, 201 Wadesles, Wadsley, De: Arms, 147 Wake: Arms, 51, 179; Sir J., 202 Wake Knot, 133, 157 Waldegrave: Arms, 14 Wales, Native Princes of, 83 Wales, the Princes of, always K.G., 278; also Earls of Chester, 195 Wales, H.R.H. The Prince of: his Armorial Insignia, 269, 270; his Label, 134, 178; his Coronet, 139; his Badge, 231; his eldest son's Label, 270 Wales, Princess of, 270 Walford, Mr., 9 Walled, 157 Waltone, De: Arms, 68 Warkworth, 322 Warrenne, De, the Earls: Arms, 43, 45, 199 Warwick, the Earls of, 56; Arms and Seals, 95, 169, 171, 183, 319 Water Bouget, 157 Wattled, 157 Wavy, Undée, 35, 157 Wedone, Sir R. de: Arms, 202 Welles: Arms, 72 Wellington, the Duke of: Arms, 23; Supporters, 91; Augmentation, 102, 156, 204 Westminster Abbey, Heraldry of, 19, 26, 53, 68, 92, 111, 169, 286, 322 Westminster Hall, Heraldry of, 27, 91, 215, 259 Westphalia: Arms, 262 Weylande, Sir N. de, 202 Wheathamstede, John de, Abbot of St. Albans, 75, 147, 323 Wheathampstead Church, Brass at, 79 Wheat-Sheaf. _See_ Garbe Wheel, Catherine Wheel, 157 White Ensign, 256 Whitworth, Shield at, 14 Widow, Widower: Arms, 173 Wife and Husband, Marshalling their Arms, 171 William I., 329; Arms, 18, 88, 258 William II.: Arms, 88, 258; Badge, 227 William III. and Mary: Arms, 260 William III.: Arms, 262 William IV.: Arms, 263 Winchelsea: Seal of the Mayor of, 168 Windsor Herald, 130 Windsor, St. George's Chapel, 171 Wingfield: Arms, 17 Winnowing Fan. _See_ Fan Wings in Crests, 212 Woodstock, Duke Thomas of, 181, 232; Badge, 149 Worcester, Charles, Earl of, 190; Henry, Earl of, 189, 190; John, Earl of, 215 Worcester Cathedral, 230, 323 Wortele, Worteley, De: Arms, 197 Wreath, Orle, Crest-Wreath, Wreathed, 157 Wyllers, De: Arms, 66 Wyndesor, Wm. de: Seal, 214, 242 Wynford, the Baron: Supporters, 99 Wyvern, Wivern, 72, 157

Yarborough, Countess of, 331 Yarmouth, Great: Arms, 168 Yngelfeld, Sir R. de: Arms, 202 York, Dukes of, 179 York, Archbishop of: Arms, 101 York, Rose of, 149, 228; Collar of, 110; Livery Colours of, 135 York Cathedral, Heraldic Glass at, 92 York Herald, 130

Zouche, de La: Arms, 72; Differenced Arms, 186

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Errata

Punctuation in the Index and in Figure captions has been silently regularized, and invisible periods (full stops) have been supplied. Inconsistent hyphenization is as in the original.

Author of "The Monumental Brasses of England," [England,'] [Contents] Earliest Heraldic Shields and Banners ["Earlies Heraldic" with invisible t] a fine shield of the thirteenth century in Westminster Abbey [Westminister] 7. _Potent_ (note different shape of divisions) [_Potent_) note] thus, the Arms of the Earl de WARENNE are _Chequée or and az._ [elsewhere spelled "Warrenne"] _armes parlantes_ (see p. 16) [p. 15] It is a very common error to overload heraldic blazoning with commas ["commas" here means "inverted commas", i.e. apostrophes] for DE HEMENHALE, No. 79,-- [No, 79] _Az., billettée, on a canton or a raven ppr._ [Here and in a few other passages, a term is used before it has been defined.] _Arg., a lion rampt. gu., crowned or [gu. crowned]

[Glossary] _Buckle._ See _Fermaile_. [elsewhere spelled "fermail"] _Saltire._ An ordinary, in form a diagonal cross: Nos. 120, 121, 122. [Nos. 120, 121. 122.] famous as the sinister supporter of the Royal Shield of England. [of England,] extend to the becoming heraldic declaration and record [text unchanged: error for "becoming the..."?]

[Illustration: No. 330.] [Four consecutive illustrations are captioned "No. 330." (See text.)] A bordure componée _may_, indeed, be used [componeé] Sir WM. KIRKETOT-- [Sir.] impaled in the sinister half of his Shield [sinster] The Arms of the Lyon Office I have already given, No. 266. [printed "265" corrected by unknown hand]

[Index: Heraldry] Canting, 16; ["Cantin , 16" with invisible g]

Illustrations

"Fig(s)." in text has been regularized to "No(s)." in the following:

No. 35. ... (See No. 87.) [(See Fig. 87.)] _gyronny_ (No. 147) ... Nos. 30 and 33 [(Fig. 147) _and_ Figs.] when the piles are intended to converge, as in No. 128 Eagles and Hawks with expanded wings, as in No. 206 The CREST ... _vide_ No. 441 The INSIGNIA ... shown in No. 435.