CHAPTER 7

Geographical position of Jaisalmer—Its superficial area—List of its chief towns—Population—Jaisalmer chiefly desert—Magra, a rocky ridge, traced from Cutch—Sars, or salt-marshes—Kanod Sar—Soil—Productions—Husbandry—Manufactures—Commerce—Kitars, or caravans—Articles of trade—Revenues—Land and transit taxes—Dani, or Collector—Amount of land-tax exacted from the cultivator—Dhuan, or hearth-tax—Thali, or tax on food—Dand, or forced contribution—Citizens refuse to pay—Enormous wealth accumulated by the minister by extortion—Establishments—Expenditure—Tribes—Bhattis—Their moral estimation—Personal appearance and dress—Their predilection for opium and tobacco—Paliwals, their history—Numbers, wealth, employment—Curious rite or worship—Pali coins—Pokharna Brahmans—Title—Numbers—Singular typical worship—Race of Jat—Castle of Jaisalmer 1244

ILLUSTRATIONS

Portrait of Colonel James Tod _Frontispiece_

TO FACE PAGE

Kanhaiya and Rādha 630

Columns of Temples at Chandrāvati 670

Portraits of a Rājputni, a Rājput, a Gūsāīn, etc. 708

Valley of Udaipur 760

Citadel of the Hill Fortress of Kūmbhalmer 776

Jain Temple in the Fortress of Kūmbhalmer 780

Ruins in Kūmbhalmer 782

Koli and Bhīl; Chāran or Bard 788

Jāt Peasant of Mārwār. Rājput Foot Soldier of Mārwār 812

Town and Fort of Jodhpur 820

Rock Sculptures at Mandor; Chāmunda, Kankāli 842

Rock Sculptures at Mandor; Mallināth, Nāthji 844

Rock Sculptures at Mandor; Rāmdeo Rāthor, Pābuji, etc. 846

Rock Sculptures at Mandor; Gūga the Chauhān, Harbuji 848 Sānkhla

Rock Sculptures at Mandor; Mehaji Mangalia 850

Paiks of Mārwār 860

Durga Dās; Mahārāja Sher Singh of Rian 866

The Sacred Lake of Pushkar in Mārwār 892

Ancient Jain Temple at Ajmer 896

Fortress and Town of Ajmer 900

Castle of Bhinai 904

Source of the Berach River, and Hunting Seat of the 910 Rāna

Bridge of Nūrābād 914

The late Mahārāja Sir Sumer Singh, of Jodhpur (_b._ 928 1901; _d._ 1918), and his brother, the present Mahārāja Ummed Singh (_b._ 1903)

Horoscope of Rāja Abhai Singh _Page 1019_

ANNALS AND ANTIQUITIES OF RAJASTHAN

## BOOK IV—_Continued_

RELIGIOUS ESTABLISHMENTS, FESTIVALS, AND CUSTOMS OF MEWĀR

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