Part II
., p. 339. His name was Mulla Shukru-llah, and he was from Shiraz. He is the Mirza Sorocolla of Roe.
[587] Compare Iqbal-nama, 194 and 196. It is stated there that Nur Jahan would not allow Afzal K. to have an audience, and that he was dismissed without gaining his object.
[588] See Iqbal-nama, 196, where it is said that these orders were not really given by Jahangir, but were Nur Jahan's.
[589] Elliot, VI. 280.
[590] This alludes to the facts that Humayun promised Shah Tahmasp that he would restore the fort after he had conquered India, and that Akbar had acknowledged the justice of Persia's claim.
[591] The clause is very obscure. Perhaps it is part of what Jahangir had said.
[592] Farzand-i-barkhurdar.
[593] It is noteworthy that Jahangir does not attempt to controvert the statement of Shah `Abbas that Qandahar rightfully belonged to Persia. There is a very long account in the `Alam-ara'i of the claims of Persia to Qandahar, and of the various attempts made to realize them, until at last it was taken by Shah `Abbas. See the account of the 35th year in the Teheran lithograph, p. 682, etc. The fort of Qandahar surrendered on 11 Sha`ban, 1031, or June 11, 1622. The Shah's letter announcing the fact and explaining his procedure was presented by Haidar Beg on 26 Aban, 1031--i.e., early in November, 1622. He brought the officers of the garrison with him. See `Alam-ara'i and the Tuzuk text, 348 (annals of the 17th year).
[594] Elliot, VI. 280.
[595] These words do not appear in the I.O. MSS. And what is written in this chapter about the fates of Khalil and Muhtarim, etc., does not agree with Mu`tamid's writing in Iqbal-nama.
[596] Elliot, VI. 384.
[597] Huquq ba-`uquq, "rights into wrongs."
[598] I rather think the meaning is "he by his baseness and illfatedness has capitally punished them, and has (as it were) slain them by his own hand," the meaning being that they will fall in the civil war about to take place.
[599] Compare Iqbal-nama, 199.
[600] This is the man whom Jahangir had made Raja Bikramajit.
[601] Elliot, VI. 385.
[602] The lines come from Firdusi's satire on Mahmud of Ghazni.
[603] He was the great-grandson, being the son of Maha Singh s. Jagat Singh s. Man Singh.
[604] Panj fauj. But perhaps the word is binj, or bikh, "root." Or it may be pichha fauj, "the hinder army." Apparently the reference is to the arrangement of the royal army into five divisions.
[605] "Bought it as if it were genuine."
[606] The Farhang-i-Jahangiri, Rieu Cat., p. 496 b.
[607] Where is this account? He is mentioned later, p. 359 of text. Perhaps he is the Armenian mentioned in the 15th year as Zu-l-Qarnain. But an Armenian would hardly be called a Farangi.
[608] The MSS. have "his brother Maghrur."
[609] The MSS. have a name that is not Naubat, and perhaps is Yunas or Yunash Khan.
[610] Yunas or Yunash in MSS.
[611] Perhaps it means that qisas or retaliation could not be inflicted. See Ma'asiru-l-umara, III. 335, and Iqbal-nama, 204. Evidently the mother did not want to prosecute. It is probable that his murderers were only his half-brothers.
[612] The MSS. have Maharaja Gaj Singh, and they also have the names Mansur Khan, Sar-buland Ray and Lashkar K.
[613] "Two" in MSS.
[614] Jahangir's mother.
[615] MS. 181 has Baba Khan.
[616] MS. 181 has Kuhnar or Kunhar, and it seems that it is a name, and not merely "younger brother." The Iqbal-nama, 205, has Kunhar Das.
[617] Karij in text. See Jarrett, II. 253. But perhaps it should be Kaira.
[618] It is Sha`ban in Nos. 181 and 305. The famous garden of Ahmadabad is the Shahi, for which see the Bombay Gazetteer, vol. for Ahmadabad, p. 283. But besides being Sha`ban in the MSS. it is also Sha`ban in the Iqbal-nama, 207. The Shahi garden lies to the north of Ahmadabad, and Safi was at the south or south-east of the city. Perhaps the Sha`ban garden was near the Malik Sha`ban lake, which was east of the city, and is referred to in Bombay Gazetteer, p. 18. The Bagh Sha`ban is also referred to in Bayley's Gujarat, 236.
[619] Name very doubtful. MSS. seem to have Pir Lal Koli, or it may be Bir Lal.
[620] The MSS. have "in ten."
[621] Text, Nar Singh Deo. But the MSS. seem to have another name, Silhadi Deo (?). The name Lulu is also doubtful. The MSS. seem to have Bulur. In Elliot, IV. 402, Puran Mal is called Bhaia.
[622] Har kudam ba-tarafi aftadand.
[623] Rieu, Cat., I. 158 b.
[624] Text has Kuh-i-Kul. But the I.O. MSS. show that the true reading is Kul Nuh ban, and it appears from the Ayin, Jarrett, II. 186, that Nuh is a district in Kul--i.e., Aligarh. Gurg is a wolf, and Kurag a rhinoceros, but probably a wolf is here meant. It is not likely that there were rhinoceros in Aligarh, though Abu-l-Fazl says there were rhinoceros in Sambhal (Jarrett, II. 281). Tir means an arrow as well as a bullet. The word mana, "face," is not in text, but occurs in both the I.O. MSS.
[625] Chanda Ghat between Ajmere and Malwa.
[626] Apparently the meaning is that he had no family with Shah Jahan's army, and so could not be deterred from leaving Shah Jahan through fear of their fate. See below, the reference to S. Salabat's arrangements about his family.
[627] This couplet comes from Nizami's Khusrau u Shirin, and is quoted by Babur.
[628] See Ja`far Sharif's Qanun-i-Islam. App., p. xxiv.
[629] Dhamin, python (?).
[630] See Blochmann, 60.
[631] Daughter of Nur Jahan.
[632] Blochmann, p. 311, calls her Arzani Begam. The Iqbal-nama (306) calls her Lardili Begam. A MS. of the Iqbal-nama in my possession calls her Wali Begam. She was born on September 4, 1623.
[633] The holy man formerly mentioned.
[634] He had been captured in Gujarat when Safi K. defeated `Abdu-llah.
[635] The author of the dictionary.
[636] See Ma'asiru-l-Umara, III. 382. His wife was the sister of Ahmad Beg, the brother's son of Ibrahim K. Fath-jang. But if so would she not be the daughter of Sharif and niece of Nur Jahan? See Blochmann, 512.
[637] I.O. MS., 381, and the Iqbal-nama mention the wife.
[638] Mahram sakht, "made him one who could enter the Harem."
[639] The text wrongly has ba-chand instead of ba-jambid.
[640] Daughters of the Bier--i.e., the constellation of the Plough.
[641] Shash-dar is the name of an impasse in the game of nard.
[642] The Muhammad Beg of Roe?
[643] Jarrett, II. 239.
[644] 1 Safar, 1033 = November 14, 1623.
[645] Jerdon states that the black partridge is called ghaghar about Benares.
[646] Probably Rahimabad in the Bari Du-ab. Jarrett, II. 332.
[647] Dara` or zara`, yards? The text gives his weight as 20 1/2, but bist must be a mistake for hasht.
[648] He was a eunuch, and originally had the name of I`tibar K. He received the title of Mumtaz K. in this year. Tuzuk, 359. See Blochmann, 433.
[649] Az qadiman u babariyan (properly bairiyan).
[650] Ganwaran u muzari`an.
[651] Text ba shukr u shukuh, but the Iqbal-nama, 213, has ba-shakwa, "with complaints," and this must be correct. `Abdu-llah indulged in abuse of his lord and master, khuda u khudawand-i-khwish--i.e., Jahangir.
[652] Cf. Iqbal-nama, 213-214.
[653] A proverbial expression. It is quoted by Nizamu-d-din in the Tabaqat.
[654] `Ali Ray was ruler of Little Tibet (Baltistan). Jahangir had married his daughter. Blochmann, 310, and Akbar-nama, III. 603. The marriage took place in A.H. 1000 (1592).
[655] That is, Lashkari.
[656] Hadi was Harunu-r-Rashid's elder brother.
[657] Text mulka. Perhaps the word may be malka-i-an, "possession of it"--i.e., possession of such knowledge. The MSS. have an after malka.
[658] Text hanaq. But the MSS. have merely haqq, and it is said in the dictionaries that there is a bird called the haqq.
[659] This corrects a previous statement to the effect that the black and red bustards were two species.
[660] The MSS. have either barin or parin. I cannot find the name in the dictionaries, but my friend Sir K. C. Gupta suggests that the word may be bans (Labeo calbasa). This fish is also a carp, and resembles the rohu (L. rohita), but is smaller. It may also be the catla.
[661] Ba-rism-i-hajabat.
[662] Dewalgaon is about 60 miles S. of Burhanpur, Elliot, VII. 11.
[663] Or, perhaps, they might be sure he was coming shortly.
[664] Lal Bagh was on the outskirts of Burhanpur. Though the rainy season is spoken of, the date Farwardin is in March.
[665] Perhaps the meaning is that Mahabat had imprisoned `Arif, the son of the Zahid whom Jahangir had condemned to death, for in the 18th year Jahangir speaks of Zahid as a rebel. But the sentence is not clear.
[666] Elliot, VI. 390. It seems probable that this is the place mentioned in the Ma'asiru-l-umara, I. 410, in the biography of Baqir K. Najm Sani, and also in the Padishah-nama, I. 333. It is called there "the Pass of Chhatar Diwar," and is described as the boundary between Orissa and Telingana, and is two koss from Khairapara. One Mansur, a servant of Qutbu-l-mulk, had built a fort there, and called it Mansur-garh.
[667] Bulbuli. I had supposed this to be Pipli, but the latter place is in the Balasore district, and nearer Bengal than Cuttack. Curiously enough Pipli or Pippli is not given in the I.G. new ed., though it is given as Pippli in the old. There is also a Pipli in the Puri district (I.G., new ed., XX. 404). In the Ma'asiru-l-umara, I. 137 and 194, in the biographies of Ibrahim Fath K. and Ahmad Beg, the place is taken to be Pipli. It is also Pipli in the Iqbal-nama, 217, where also Cuttack is described as being 12 koss off, towards Bengal. The maps show a Pipalgaon between Puri and Cuttack, and about 30 m. from the latter place. A Pipli in the Puri district is mentioned in the I.G., new ed.
[668] Text isti`dad, but the true reading is istib`ad. Istib`ad namuda, "regarded the thing as at a distance," or "was surprised." The I.O. MSS. end here, their last words being "Till at length there came a conciliatory letter from La`natu-llah (`Abdu-llah)." The R.A.S. MS. continues with Muhammad Hadi's supplement.