L.

_Labidocera Darwinii_, prehensile organs of the male, i. 329.

_Labrus_, splendid colours of the species of, ii. 16.

_Labrus mixtus_, sexual differences in, ii. 9.

_Labrus pavo_, ii. 16.

LACERTILIA, sexual differences of, ii. 32.

LAFRESNAYE, M. de, on Birds of Paradise, ii. 78.

LAMARCK, on the origin of man, i. 4.

LAMELLIBRANCHIATA, i. 324.

LAMELLICORN beetles, hornlike processes from the head and thorax of, i. 370, 373; analogy of, to Ruminants, i. 373; influence of sexual selection on, i. 377.

LAMELLICORNIA, stridulation of, i. 380.

LAMONT, Mr., on the tusks of the Walrus, ii. 242; on the use of its tusks by the Walrus, ii. 257.

_Lampornis porphyrurus_, colours of the female, ii. 168.

LANCELET, i. 204, 212.

LANDOIS, H., on the production of sound by the Cicadæ, i. 351; on the stridulating organ of the Crickets, i. 354; on _Decticus_, i. 355; on the stridulating organs of the Acridiidæ, i. 356; on the presence of rudimentary stridulating organs in some female Orthoptera, i. 359; on the stridulation of _Necrophorus_, i. 378; on the stridulant organ of _Cerambyx heros_, i. 380; on the stridulating organs in the Coleoptera, i. 382; on the ticking of _Anobium_, i. 385; on the stridulant organ of _Geotrupes_, i. 380.

LANGUAGE an art, i. 55; articulate, origin of, i. 56; relation of the progress of, to the development of the brain, i. 57; effects of inheritance in production of, i. 58; complex structure of, among barbarous nations, i. 61; natural selection in, i. 61; gesture, i. 232; primeval, i. 235; of a lost tribe preserved by a parrot, i. 236.

LANGUAGES, presence of rudiments in, i. 60; classification of, i. 60; variability of, i. 60; crossing or blending of, i. 60; complexity of, no test of perfection or proof of special creation, i. 62; resemblance of, evidence of community of origin, i. 189.

LANGUAGES and species, identity of evidence of their gradual development, i. 59.

_Lanius_, ii. 180; characters of young, ii. 185.

_Lanius rufus_, anomalous young of, ii. 211.

LANKESTER, E. R., on comparative longevity, i. 168, 171; on the destructive effects of intemperance, i. 173.

LANUGO, of the human fœtus, i. 25; ii. 375.

LAPPONIAN language, highly artificial, i. 61.

LARK, proportion of the sexes in the, i. 307; female, singing of the, ii. 54.

LARKS, attracted by a mirror, ii. 112.

LARTET, E., on the size of the brain in mammals, i. 51; comparison of cranial capacities of skulls of recent and tertiary mammals, i. 146; on _Dryopithecus_, i. 199.

_Larus_, seasonal change of plumage in, ii. 228.

LARVA, luminous, of a Brazilian beetle, i. 345.

LARYNX, muscles of the, in song-birds, ii. 55.

_Lasiocampa quercus_, attraction of males by the female, i. 311; sexual difference of colour in, i. 398.

LATHAM, R. G., on the migrations of man, i. 136.

LATOOKA, perforation of the lower lip by the women of, ii. 341.

LAURILLARD, on the abnormal division of the malar bone in man, i. 124.

LAWRENCE, W., on the superiority of savages to Europeans in power of sight, i. 118; on the colour of negro infants, ii. 318; on the fondness of savages for ornaments, ii. 338; on beardless races, ii. 349; on the beauty of the English aristocracy, ii. 357.

LAYARD, E. L., on an instance of rationality in a Cobra, ii. 30; on the pugnacity of _Gallus Stanleyi_, ii. 44.

LAYCOCK, Dr., on vital periodicity, i. 12.

LEAVES, decaying, tints of, i. 323.

LECKY, Mr., on the sense of duty, i. 71; on suicide, i. 94; on the practice of celibacy, i. 96; his view of the crimes of savages, i. 97; on the gradual rise of morality, i. 103.

LECONTE, J. L., on the stridulant organ in the Coprini and Dynastini, i. 381.

LEE, H., on the numerical proportion of the sexes in the trout, i. 308.

LEG, calf of the, artificially modified, ii. 340.

LEGITIMATE and illegitimate children, proportion of the sexes in, i. 302.

LEGS, variation of the length of the, in man, i. 108; proportions of, in soldiers and sailors, i. 116; fore, atrophied in some male butterflies, i. 344; peculiarities of, in male insects, i. 344.

“LEK” of the black-cock and capercailzie, ii. 100.

LEMOINE, Albert, on the origin of language, i. 56.

_Lemur macaco_, sexual difference of colour in, ii. 290.

LEMURIDÆ, i. 195; their origin, i. 213; position and derivation of the, i. 202; ears of the, i. 23; variability of the muscles in the, i. 128.

LEMURS, uterus in the, i. 123; tailless species of, i. 194.

LEOPARDS, black, ii. 294.

LEPIDOPTERA, i. 386; numerical proportions of the sexes in the, i. 309; colouring of, i. 387; ocellated spots of, ii. 132.

_Lepidosiren_, i. 204, 212.

LENGUAS, disfigurement of the ears of the, ii. 341.

_Leptorhynchus angustatus_, pugnacity of male, i. 375.

_Leptura testacea_, difference of colour in the sexes of, i. 367.

LEQUAY, on the occurrence of the supra-condyloid foramen in the humerus of man, i. 29.

LEROY, on the wariness of young foxes in hunting-districts, i. 50; on the desertion of their young by swallows, i. 84.

LESSE, valley of the, i. 29.

LESSON, on the Birds of Paradise, i. 269, ii. 98; on the sea-elephant, ii. 278.

_Lestis bombylans_, difference of the sexes in, i. 366.

_Lethrus cephalotes_, pugnacity of the males of, i. 371, 376.

LEUCKART, R., on the _vesicula prostatica_, i. 31; on the influence of the age of parents on the sex of offspring, i. 302.

_Levator claviculæ_ muscle, i. 128.

_Libellula depressa_, colour of the male, i. 363.

LIBELLULIDÆ, relative size of the sexes of, i. 347; difference in the sexes of, i. 361.

LICE of domestic animals and man, i. 219.

LICENTIOUSNESS, prevalence of, among savages, i. 96; a check upon population, i. 134.

LICHTENSTEIN, on _Chera progne_, ii. 120.

LIFE, inheritance at corresponding periods of, i. 280, 285.

LIGHT, supposed effects of, i. 116; influence of, upon the colours of shells, i. 326.

LILFORD, Lord, the ruff attracted by bright objects, ii. 111.

_Limosa lapponica_, ii. 204.

_Linaria_, ii. 180.

_Linaria montana_, i. 307.

LINNÆUS, views of, as to the position of man, i. 190.

LINNET, numerical proportion of the sexes in the, i. 307; crimson forehead and breast of the, ii. 86; courtship of the, ii. 94.

_Linyphia_, i. 337.

LION, polygamous, i. 268; mane of the, defensive, ii. 266; roaring of the, ii. 275.

LIONS, stripes of young, ii. 183.

LIPS, piercing of the, by savages, ii. 341.

_Lithobius_, prehensile appendages of the female, i. 340.

_Lithosia_, coloration in, i. 396.

_Littorina littorea_, i. 324.

LIVINGSTONE, Dr., on the influence of dampness and dryness on the colour of the skin, i. 242; on the liability of negroes to tropical fevers after residence in a cold climate, i. 243; on the spur-winged goose, ii. 47; on weaver-birds, ii. 63; on an African nightjar, ii. 73, 97; on the battle-scars of South African male mammals, ii. 239; on the removal of the upper incisors by the Batokas, ii. 340; on the perforation of the upper lip by the Makalolo, ii. 342; on the Banyai, ii. 347.

LIVONIA, numerical proportion of male and female births in, i. 301.

LIZARDS, relative size of the sexes of, ii. 32; gular pouches of, ii. 33.

LLOYD, L., on the polygamy of the capercailzie and bustard, i. 269; on the numerical proportion of the sexes in the capercailzie and black-cock, i. 306; on the salmon, ii. 5; on the colours of the sea-scorpion, ii. 9; on the pugnacity of male grouse, ii. 45; on the capercailzie and black-cock, ii. 49, 54; on the call of the capercailzie, ii. 61; on assemblages of grouse and snipes, ii. 101; on the pairing of a shield-drake with a common duck, ii. 114; on the battles of seals, ii. 240; on the elk, ii. 249.

_Lobivanellus_, wing-spurs in, ii. 48.

Local influences, effect of, upon stature, i. 114.

LOCKWOOD, Mr., on the development of _Hippocampus_, i. 210.

LOCUST, bright-coloured, rejected by lizards and birds, i. 361.

LOCUST, migratory, i. 352.

LOCUSTIDÆ, stridulation of the, i. 352, 354; descent of the, i. 356.

LONGICORN beetles, difference of the sexes of, in colour, i. 367; stridulation of, i. 380.

LONSDALE, Mr., on an example of personal attachment in _Helix pomatia_, i. 325.

LOPHOBRANCHII, marsupial receptacles of the male, ii. 21.

_Lophophorus_, habits of, ii. 121.

_Lophorina atra_, sexual difference in coloration of, ii. 226.

_Lophornis ornatus_, ii. 76.

LORD, J. K., on _Salmo lycaodon_, ii. 5.

LORY, King, ii. 174; immature plumage of the, ii. 188.

LOVE-ANTICS and dances of birds, ii. 68.

LOWNE, B. T., on _Musca vomitoria_, i. 145, 349.

_Loxia_, characters of young of, ii. 184.

LUBBOCK, Sir J., on the antiquity of man, i. 3; on the origin of man, i. 4; on the mental capacity of savages, i. 34; on the origin of implements, i. 52; on the simplification of languages, i. 62; on the absence of the idea of God among certain races of men, i. 65; on the origin of the belief in spiritual agencies, i. 66; on superstitions, i. 69; on the sense of duty, i. 71; on the practice of burying the old and sick among the Fijians, i. 77; non-prevalence of suicide among the lowest barbarians, i. 94; on the immorality of savages, i. 97; on Mr. Wallace’s claim to the origination of the idea of natural selection, i. 137; on the absence of remorse among savages, i. 164; on the former barbarism of civilised nations, i. 181; on improvements in the arts among savages, i. 182; on resemblances of the mental characters in different races of men, i. 232; on the power of counting in primeval man, i. 234; on the arts practised by savages, i. 234; on the prehensile organs of the male _Labidocera Darwinii_, i. 329; on _Chloëon_, i. 341; on _Smynthurus luteus_, i. 348; on strife for women among the North American Indians, ii. 324; on music, ii. 334; on the ornamental practices of savages, ii. 338; on the estimation of the beard among the Anglo-Saxons, ii. 349; on artificial deformation of the skull, ii. 352; on “communal marriages,” ii. 358, 360; on exogamy, ii. 360, 364; on the Veddahs, ii. 363; on polyandry, ii. 365.

LUCANIDÆ, variability of the mandibles in the male, i. 376.

_Lucanus_, large size of males of, i. 347.

_Lucanus cervus_, numerical proportion of sexes of, i. 313; weapons of the male, i. 375.

_Lucanus elaphus_, use of mandibles of, i. 377; large jaws of male, i. 342.

LUCAS, Prosper, on sexual preference in horses and bulls, ii. 272.

LUNAR periods, i. 212.

LUND, Dr., on skulls found in Brazilian caves, i. 218.

LUNGS, enlargement of, in the Quechua and Aymara Indians, i. 119; a modified swim-bladder, i. 207; different capacity of in races of man, i. 216.

LUMINOSITY in insects, i. 345.

LUSCHKA, Prof., on the termination of the coccyx, i. 30.

LUST, instinct of, i. 89.

LUXURY, comparatively innocuous, i. 171.

_Lycæna_, sexual differences of colouring in species of, i. 390.

LYELL, Sir C., on the antiquity of man, i. 3; on the origin of man, i. 4; on the parallelism of the development of species and languages, i. 59; on the extinction of languages, i. 60; on the Inquisition, i. 178; on the fossil remains of vertebrata, i. 201; on the fertility of mulattoes, i. 221.

LYNX, Canadian, throat-ruff of the, ii. 267.

LYRE-BIRD, assemblies of, ii. 101.