Part 13
Tend, v. i. [F. tendre, L. tendere, tensum and tentum, to stretch, extend, direct one's course, tend; akin to Gr. &?; to stretch, Skr. tan. See Thin, and cf. Tend to attend, Contend, Intense, Ostensible, Portent, Tempt, Tender to offer, Tense, a.] 1. To move in a certain direction; — usually with to or towards.
Two gentlemen tending towards that sight.
Sir H. Wotton.
Thus will this latter, as the former world, Still tend from bad to worse.
Milton.
The clouds above me to the white Alps tend.
Byron.
2. To be directed, as to any end, object, or purpose; to aim; to have or give a leaning; to exert activity or influence; to serve as a means; to contribute; as, our petitions, if granted, might tend to our destruction.
The thoughts of the diligent tend only to plenteousness; but of every one that is hasty only to want.
Prov. xxi. 5.
The laws of our religion tend to the universal happiness of mankind.
Tillotson.
Tend"ance (?), n. [See Tend to attend, and cf. Attendance.] 1. The act of attending or waiting; attendance. [Archaic] Spenser.
The breath Of her sweet tendance hovering over him.
Tennyson.
2. Persons in attendance; attendants. [Obs.] Shak.
Tend"ence (?), n. Tendency. [Obs.]
Tend"en*cy (?), n.; pl. Tendencies (#). [L. tendents, -entis, p. pr. of tendere: cf. F. tendance. See Tend to move.] Direction or course toward any place, object, effect, or result; drift; causal or efficient influence to bring about an effect or result.
Writings of this kind, if conducted with candor, have a more particular tendency to the good of their country.
Addison.
In every experimental science, there is a tendency toward perfection.
Macaulay.
Syn. — Disposition; inclination; proneness; drift; scope; aim.
Tend"er (?), n. [From Tend to attend. Cf. Attender.] 1. One who tends; one who takes care of any person or thing; a nurse.
2. (Naut.) A vessel employed to attend other vessels, to supply them with provisions and other stores, to convey intelligence, or the like.
3. A car attached to a locomotive, for carrying a supply of fuel and water.
Ten"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tendered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tendering.] [F. tendre to stretch, stretch out, reach, L. tendere. See Tend to move.] 1. (Law) To offer in payment or satisfaction of a demand, in order to save a penalty or forfeiture; as, to tender the amount of rent or debt.
2. To offer in words; to present for acceptance.
You see how all conditions, how all minds, . . . tender down Their services to Lord Timon.
Shak.
Ten"der, n. 1. (Law) An offer, either of money to pay a debt, or of service to be performed, in order to save a penalty or forfeiture, which would be incurred by nonpayment or nonperformance; as, the tender of rent due, or of the amount of a note, with interest.
To constitute a legal tender, such money must be offered as the law prescribes. So also the tender must be at the time and place where the rent or debt ought to be paid, and it must be to the full amount due.
2. Any offer or proposal made for acceptance; as, a tender of a loan, of service, or of friendship; a tender of a bid for a contract.
A free, unlimited tender of the gospel.
South.
3. The thing offered; especially, money offered in payment of an obligation. Shak.
Legal tender. See under Legal. — Tender of issue (Law), a form of words in a pleading, by which a party offers to refer the question raised upon it to the appropriate mode of decision. Burrill.
Ten"der, a. [Compar. Tenderer (?); superl. Tenderest.] [F. tendre, L. tener; probably akin to tenuis thin. See Thin.] 1. Easily impressed, broken, bruised, or injured; not firm or hard; delicate; as, tender plants; tender flesh; tender fruit.
2. Sensible to impression and pain; easily pained.
Our bodies are not naturally more tender than our faces.
L'Estrange.
3. Physically weak; not hardly or able to endure hardship; immature; effeminate.
The tender and delicate woman among you.
Deut. xxviii. 56.
4. Susceptible of the softer passions, as love, compassion, kindness; compassionate; pitiful; anxious for another's good; easily excited to pity, forgiveness, or favor; sympathetic.
The Lord is very pitiful, and of tender mercy.
James v. 11.
I am choleric by my nature, and tender by my temper.
Fuller.
5. Exciting kind concern; dear; precious.
I love Valentine, Whose life's as tender to me as my soul!
Shak.
6. Careful to save inviolate, or not to injure; — with of. "Tender of property." Burke.
The civil authority should be tender of the honor of God and religion.
Tillotson.
7. Unwilling to cause pain; gentle; mild.
You, that are thus so tender o'er his follies, Will never do him good.
Shak.
8. Adapted to excite feeling or sympathy; expressive of the softer passions; pathetic; as, tender expressions; tender expostulations; a tender strain.
9. Apt to give pain; causing grief or pain; delicate; as, a tender subject. "Things that are tender and unpleasing." Bacon.
10. (Naut.) Heeling over too easily when under sail; — said of a vessel.
Tender is sometimes used in the formation of self- explaining compounds; as, tender-footed, tender-looking, tender-minded, tender-mouthed, and the like.
Syn. — Delicate; effeminate; soft; sensitive; compassionate; kind; humane; merciful; pitiful.
Ten"der (?), n. [Cf. F. tendre.] Regard; care; kind concern. [Obs.] Shak.
Ten"der, v. t. To have a care of; to be tender toward; hence, to regard; to esteem; to value. [Obs.]
For first, next after life, he tendered her good.
Spenser.
Tender yourself more dearly.
Shak.
To see a prince in want would move a miser's charity. Our western princes tendered his case, which they counted might be their own.
Fuller.
Ten"der*foot` (?), n. A delicate person; one not inured to the hardship and rudeness of pioneer life. [Slang, Western U. S.]
Ten"der-heart`ed (?), a. Having great sensibility; susceptible of impressions or influence; affectionate; pitying; sensitive. — Ten"der-heart`ed*ly, adv. — Ten"der-heart`ed*ness, n.
Rehoboam was young and tender-hearted, and could not withstand them.
2 Chron. xiii. 7.
Be ye kind one to another, tender- hearted.
Eph. iv. 32.
Ten"der-heft`ed (?), a. Having great tenderness; easily moved. [Obs.] Shak.
Ten"der*ling (?), n. 1. One made tender by too much kindness; a fondling. [R.] W. Harrison (1586).
2. (Zoöl.) One of the first antlers of a deer.
Ten"der*loin` (?), n. A strip of tender flesh on either side of the vertebral column under the short ribs, in the hind quarter of beef and pork. It consists of the psoas muscles.
Ten"der*ly, adv. In a tender manner; with tenderness; mildly; gently; softly; in a manner not to injure or give pain; with pity or affection; kindly. Chaucer.
Ten"der*ness, n. The quality or state of being tender (in any sense of the adjective).
Syn. — Benignity; humanity; sensibility; benevolence; kindness; pity; clemency; mildness; mercy.
Ten"di*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. tendineux.] 1. Pertaining to a tendon; of the nature of tendon.
2. Full of tendons; sinewy; as, nervous and tendinous parts of the body.
Tend"ment (?), n. Attendance; care. [Obs.]
Ten"don (?), n. [F., fr. L. tendere to stretch, extend. See Tend to move.] (Anat.) A tough insensible cord, bundle, or band of fibrous connective tissue uniting a muscle with some other part; a sinew.
Tendon reflex (Physiol.), a kind of reflex act in which a muscle is made to contract by a blow upon its tendon. Its absence is generally a sign of disease. See Knee jerk, under Knee.
Ten"don*ous (?), a. Tendinous.
||Ten`do*syn`o*vi"tis (?), n. [NL. See Tendon, and Synovitis.] See ||Tenosynovitis. || Ten"drac (?), n. [See Tenrec.] (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of small insectivores of the family Centetidæ, belonging to Ericulus, Echinope, and related genera, native of Madagascar. They are more or less spinose and resemble the hedgehog in habits. The rice tendrac (Oryzorictes hora) is very injurious to rice crops. Some of the species are called also tenrec.
Ten"dril (?), n. [Shortened fr. OF. tendrillon, fr. F. tendre tender; hence, properly, the tender branch or spring of a plant: cf. F. tendrille. See Tender, a., and cf. Tendron.] (Bot.) A slender, leafless portion of a plant by which it becomes attached to a supporting body, after which the tendril usually contracts by coiling spirally.
Tendrils may represent the end of a stem, as in the grapevine; an axillary branch, as in the passion flower; stipules, as in the genus Smilax; or the end of a leaf, as in the pea.
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Ten"dril (?), a. Clasping; climbing as a tendril. [R.] Dyer.
{ Ten"driled, Ten"drilled } (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with tendrils, or with such or so many, tendrils. "The thousand tendriled vine." Southey.
Ten"dron (?), n. [F. Cf. Tendril.] A tendril. [Obs.] Holland.
Ten"dry (?), n. A tender; an offer. [Obs.] Heylin.
Tene (?), n. & v. See 1st and 2d Teen. [Obs.]
||Ten"e*bræ (?), n. [L., pl., darkness.] (R. C. Ch.) The matins and ||lauds for the last three days of Holy Week, commemorating the ||sufferings and death of Christ, — usually sung on the afternoon or ||evening of Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, instead of on the ||following days. || Te*neb"ri*cose` (?), a. [L. tenebricosus.] Tenebrous; dark; gloomy. [Obs.]
Ten`e*brif"ic (?), a. [L. tenebrae darkness + facere to make.] Rendering dark or gloomy; tenebrous; gloomy.
It lightens, it brightens, The tenebrific scene.
Burns.
Where light Lay fitful in a tenebrific time.
R. Browning.
Ten`e*brif"ic*ous (?), a. Tenebrific.
Authors who are tenebrificous stars.
Addison.
Te*ne"bri*ous (?), a. Tenebrous. Young.
Ten"e*brose` (?), a. Characterized by darkness or gloom; tenebrous.
Ten`e*bros"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being tenebrous; tenebrousness. Burton.
Ten"e*brous (?), a. [L. tenebrosus, fr. tenebrae darkness: cf. F. ténébreux.] Dark; gloomy; dusky; tenebrious. — Ten"e*brous*ness, n.
The most dark, tenebrous night.
J. Hall (1565).
The towering and tenebrous boughts of the cypress.
Longfellow.
Ten"e*ment (?), n. [OF. tenement a holding, a fief, F. tènement, LL. tenementum, fr. L. tenere to hold. See Tenant.] 1. (Feud. Law) That which is held of another by service; property which one holds of a lord or proprietor in consideration of some military or pecuniary service; fief; fee.
2. (Common Law) Any species of permanent property that may be held, so as to create a tenancy, as lands, houses, rents, commons, an office, an advowson, a franchise, a right of common, a peerage, and the like; — called also free or frank tenements.
The thing held is a tenement, the possessor of it a "tenant," and the manner of possession is called "tenure."
Blackstone.
3. A dwelling house; a building for a habitation; also, an apartment, or suite of rooms, in a building, used by one family; often, a house erected to be rented.
4. Fig.: Dwelling; abode; habitation.
Who has informed us that a rational soul can inhabit no tenement, unless it has just such a sort of frontispiece?
Locke.
Tenement house, commonly, a dwelling house erected for the purpose of being rented, and divided into separate apartments or tenements for families. The term is often applied to apartment houses occupied by poor families.
Syn. — House; dwelling; habitation. — Tenement, House. There may be many houses under one roof, but they are completely separated from each other by party walls. A tenement may be detached by itself, or it may be part of a house divided off for the use of a family.
Ten`e*men"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a tenement; capable of being held by tenants. Blackstone.
Ten`e*men"ta*ry (?), a. Capable of being leased; held by tenants. Spelman.
Ten"ent (?), n. [L. tenent they hold, 3d pers. pl. pres. of tenere.] A tenet. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.
Ten"er*al (?), a. [L. tener, - eris, tender, delicate.] (Zoöl.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a condition assumed by the imago of certain Neuroptera, after exclusion from the pupa. In this state the insect is soft, and has not fully attained its mature coloring.
Ten`er*iffe" (?), n. A white wine resembling Madeira in taste, but more tart, produced in Teneriffe, one of the Canary Islands; — called also Vidonia.
Te*ner"i*ty (?), n. [L. teneritas. See Tender, a.] Tenderness. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
Te*nes"mic (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to tenesmus; characterized by tenesmus.
||Te*nes"mus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to stretch: cf. L. ||tenesmos.] (Med.) An urgent and distressing sensation, as if a ||discharge from the intestines must take place, although none can be ||effected; — always referred to the lower extremity of the rectum. || Vesical tenesmus, a similar sensation as to the evacuation of urine, referred to the region of the bladder.
Ten"et (?), n. [L. tenet he holds, fr. tenere to hold. See Tenable.] Any opinion, principle, dogma, belief, or doctrine, which a person holds or maintains as true; as, the tenets of Plato or of Cicero.
That al animals of the land are in their kind in the sea, . . . is a tenet very questionable.
Sir T. Browne.
The religious tenets of his family he had early renounced with contempt.
Macaulay.
Syn. — Dogma; doctrine; opinion; principle; position. See Dogma.
Ten"fold` (?), a. & adv. In tens; consisting of ten in one; ten times repeated.
The grisly Terror . . . grew tenfold More dreadful and deform.
Milton.
||Te"ni*a (?), n. [NL.] See Tænia. || Te"ni*oid (?), a. See Tænoid.
Ten"nant*ite (?), n. [Named after Smithson Tennant, an English chemist.] (Min.) A blackish lead- gray mineral, closely related to tetrahedrite. It is essentially a sulphide of arsenic and copper.
||Ten`né" (?), n. [Cf. Tawny.] (Her.) A tincture, rarely employed, ||which is considered as an orange color or bright brown. It is ||represented by diagonal lines from sinister to dexter, crossed by ||vertical lines. || Ten"nis (?), n. [OE. tennes, tenies, tenyse; of uncertain origin, perhaps fr. F. tenez hold or take it, fr. tenir to hold (see Tenable).] A play in which a ball is driven to and fro, or kept in motion by striking it with a racket or with the open hand. Shak.
His easy bow, his good stories, his style of dancing and playing tennis, . . . were familiar to all London.
Macaulay.
Court tennis, the old game of tennis as played within walled courts of peculiar construction; — distinguished from lawn tennis. — Lawn tennis. See under Lawn, n. — Tennis court, a place or court for playing the game of tennis. Shak.
Ten"nis, v. t. To drive backward and forward, as a ball in playing tennis. [R.] Spenser.
Ten"nu (?), n. (Zoöl.) The tapir.
Ten"-o'*clock` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant, the star-of-Bethlehem. See under Star.
Ten"on (?), n. [F., fr. tenir to hold. See Tenable.] (Carp. & Join.) A projecting member left by cutting away the wood around it, and made to insert into a mortise, and in this way secure together the parts of a frame; especially, such a member when it passes entirely through the thickness of the piece in which the mortise is cut, and shows on the other side. Cf. Tooth, Tusk.
Tenon saw, a saw with a thin blade, usually stiffened by a brass or steel back, for cutting tenons. [Corruptly written tenant saw.] Gwilt.
Ten"on, v. t. To cut or fit for insertion into a mortise, as the end of a piece of timber.
Te*no"ni*an (?), a. (Anat.) Discovered or described by M. Tenon, a French anatomist.
Tenonian capsule (Anat.), a lymphatic space inclosed by a delicate membrane or fascia (the fascia of Tenon) between the eyeball and the fat of the orbit; — called also capsule of Tenon.
Ten"or (?), n. [L., from tenere to hold; hence, properly, a holding on in a continued course: cf. F. teneur. See Tenable, and cf. Tenor a kind of voice.] 1. A state of holding on in a continuous course; manner of continuity; constant mode; general tendency; course; career.
Along the cool sequestered vale of life They kept the noiseless tenor of their away.
Gray.
2. That course of thought which holds on through a discourse; the general drift or course of thought; purport; intent; meaning; understanding.
When it [the bond] is paid according to the tenor.
Shak.
Does not the whole tenor of the divine law positively require humility and meekness to all men?
Spart.
3. Stamp; character; nature.
This success would look like chance, if it were perpetual, and always of the same tenor.
Dryden.
4. (Law) An exact copy of a writing, set forth in the words and figures of it. It differs from purport, which is only the substance or general import of the instrument. Bouvier.
5. [F. ténor, L. tenor, properly, a holding; — so called because the tenor was the voice which took and held the principal part, the plain song, air, or tune, to which the other voices supplied a harmony above and below: cf. It. tenore.] (Mus.) (a) The higher of the two kinds of voices usually belonging to adult males; hence, the part in the harmony adapted to this voice; the second of the four parts in the scale of sounds, reckoning from the base, and originally the air, to which the other parts were auxillary. (b) A person who sings the tenor, or the instrument that play it.
Old Tenor, New Tenor, Middle Tenor, different descriptions of paper money, issued at different periods, by the American colonial governments in the last century.
||Ten`o*syn`o*vi"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. te`nwn a tendon + E. ||synovitis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the synovial sheath enveloping a ||tendon. || Ten"o*tome (?), n. (Surg.) A slender knife for use in the operation of tenotomy.
Te*not"o*my (?), n. [Gr. te`nwn a tendon + te`mnein to cut.] (Surg.) The division of a tendon, or the act of dividing a tendon.
Ten"pen*ny (?), a. Valued or sold at ten pence; as, a tenpenny cake. See 2d Penny, n.
Ten"pen*ny, a. Denoting a size of nails. See 1st Penny.
Ten"pins (?), n. A game resembling ninepins, but played with ten pins. See Ninepins. [U. S.]
Ten"-pound`er (?), n. (Zoöl.) A large oceanic fish (Elops saurus) found in the tropical parts of all the oceans. It is used chiefly for bait.
Ten"rec (?), n. [From the native name: cf. F. tanrac, tanrec, tandrec.] (Zoöl.) A small insectivore (Centetes ecaudatus), native of Madagascar, but introduced also into the islands of Bourbon and Mauritius; — called also tanrec. The name is applied to other allied genera. See Tendrac.
Tense (?), n. [OF. tens, properly, time, F. temps time, tense. See Temporal of time, and cf. Thing.] (Gram.) One of the forms which a verb takes by inflection or by adding auxiliary words, so as to indicate the time of the action or event signified; the modification which verbs undergo for the indication of time.
The primary simple tenses are three: those which express time past, present, and future; but these admit of modifications, which differ in different languages.
Tense, a. [L. tensus, p. p. of tendere to stretch. See Tend to move, and cf. Toise.] Stretched tightly; strained to stiffness; rigid; not lax; as, a tense fiber.
The temples were sunk, her forehead was tense, and a fatal paleness was upon her.
Goldsmith.
— Tense"ly, adv. — Tense"ness, n.
Ten`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being tensible; tensility.
Ten"si*ble (?), a. [See Tense, a.] Capable of being extended or drawn out; ductile; tensible.
Gold . . . is likewise the most flexible and tensible.
Bacon.
Ten"sile (?), a. [See Tense, a.] 1. Of or pertaining to extension; as, tensile strength.
2. Capable of extension; ductile; tensible. Bacon.
Ten"siled (?), a. Made tensile. [R.]
Ten*sil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being tensile, or capable of extension; tensibility; as, the tensility of the muscles. Dr. H. Mere.
Ten"sion (?), n. [L. tensio, from tendere, tensum, to stretch: cf. F. tension. See Tense, a.] 1. The act of stretching or straining; the state of being stretched or strained to stiffness; the state of being bent strained; as, the tension of the muscles, tension of the larynx.
2. Fig.: Extreme strain of mind or excitement of feeling; intense effort.
3. The degree of stretching to which a wire, cord, piece of timber, or the like, is strained by drawing it in the direction of its length; strain. Gwilt.
4. (Mech.) The force by which a part is pulled when forming part of any system in equilibrium or in motion; as, the tension of a srting supporting a weight equals that weight.
5. A device for checking the delivery of the thread in a sewing machine, so as to give the stitch the required degree of tightness.
6. (Physics) Expansive force; the force with which the particles of a body, as a gas, tend to recede from each other and occupy a larger space; elastic force; elasticity; as, the tension of vapor; the tension of air.
7. (Elec.) The quality in consequence of which an electric charge tends to discharge itself, as into the air by a spark, or to pass from a body of greater to one of less electrical potential. It varies as the quantity of electricity upon a given area.
Tension brace, or Tension member (Engin.), a brace or member designed to resist tension, or subjected to tension, in a structure. — Tension rod (Engin.), an iron rod used as a tension member to strengthen timber or metal framework, roofs, or the like.
Ten"sioned (?), a. Extended or drawn out; subjected to tension. "A highly tensioned string." Tyndall.
Ten"si*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being tense, or strained to stiffness; tension; tenseness.
Ten"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. tensif. See Tense, a.] Giving the sensation of tension, stiffness, or contraction.
A tensive pain from distension of the parts.
Floyer.
Ten"sor (?), n. [NL. See Tension.] 1. (Anat.) A muscle that stretches a part, or renders it tense.
2. (Geom.) The ratio of one vector to another in length, no regard being had to the direction of the two vectors; — so called because considered as a stretching factor in changing one vector into another. See Versor.
Ten"-strike` (?), n. 1. (Tenpins) A knocking down of all ten pins at one delivery of the ball. [U. S.]
2. Any quick, decisive stroke or act. [Colloq. U. S.]
Ten"sure (?), n. [L. tensura. See Tension.] Tension. [Obs.] Bacon.
Tent (?), n. [Sp. tinto, properly, deep-colored, fr. L. tinctus, p. p. of tingere to dye. See Tinge, and cf. Tint, Tinto.] A kind of wine of a deep red color, chiefly from Galicia or Malaga in Spain; — called also tent wine, and tinta.
Tent, n. [Cf. Attent, n.] 1. Attention; regard, care. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Lydgate.
2. Intention; design. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Tent, v. t. To attend to; to heed; hence, to guard; to hinder. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Halliwell.
Tent, v. t. [OF. tenter. See Tempt.] To probe or to search with a tent; to keep open with a tent; as, to tent a wound. Used also figuratively.
I'll tent him to the quick.
Shak.
Tent, n. [F. tente. See Tent to probe.] (Surg.) (a) A roll of lint or linen, or a conical or cylindrical piece of sponge or other absorbent, used chiefly to dilate a natural canal, to keep open the orifice of a wound, or to absorb discharges. (b) A probe for searching a wound.
The tent that searches To the bottom of the worst.
Shak.
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Tent (?), n. [OE. tente, F. tente, LL. tenta, fr. L. tendere, tentum, to stretch. See Tend to move, and cf. Tent a roll of lint.] 1. A pavilion or portable lodge consisting of skins, canvas, or some strong cloth, stretched and sustained by poles, — used for sheltering persons from the weather, especially soldiers in camp.
Within his tent, large as is a barn.
Chaucer.
2. (Her.) The representation of a tent used as a bearing.