Part 6

Tan"ner*y (?), n.; pl. Tanneries (#). [Cf. F. tannerie.] 1. A place where the work of tanning is carried on.

2. The art or process of tanning. [R.] Carlyle.

Tan"nic (?), a. Of or pertaining to tan; derived from, or resembling, tan; as, tannic acid.

Tannic acid. (Chem.) (a) An acid obtained from nutgalls as a yellow amorphous substance, C14H10O9, having an astringent taste, and forming with ferric salts a bluish-black compound, which is the basis of common ink. Called also tannin, and gallotannic acid. (b) By extension, any one of a series of astringent substances resembling tannin proper, widely diffused through the vegetable kingdom, as in oak bark, willow, catechu, tea, coffee, etc.

Tan"ni*er (?), n. (Bot.) See Tanier.

Tan"nin (?), n. [Cf. F. tannin.] (Chem.) Same as Tannic acid, under Tannic.

Tan"ning, n. The art or process of converting skins into leather. See Tan, v. t., 1.

Tan"rec (?), n. (Zoöl.) Same as Tenrec.

Tan"sy (?), n. [OE. tansaye, F. tanaise; cf. It. & Sp. tanaceto, NL. tanacetum, Pg. atanasia, athanasia, Gr. 'aqanasi`a immortality, fr. 'aqa`natos immortal; 'a priv. + qa`natos death.] 1. (Bot.) Any plant of the composite genus Tanacetum. The common tansy (T. vulgare) has finely divided leaves, a strong aromatic odor, and a very bitter taste. It is used for medicinal and culinary purposes.

2. A dish common in the seventeenth century, made of eggs, sugar, rose water, cream, and the juice of herbs, baked with butter in a shallow dish. [Obs.] Pepys.

Double tansy (Bot.), a variety of the common tansy with the leaves more dissected than usual. — Tansy mustard (Bot.), a plant (Sisymbrium canescens) of the Mustard family, with tansylike leaves.

Tant (?), n. [Cf. Taint tincture.] (Zoöl.) A small scarlet arachnid.

Tan"ta*late (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of tantalic acid.

Tan*tal"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to tantalum; derived from, or containing, tantalum; specifically, designating any one of a series of acids analogous to nitric acid and the polyacid compounds of phosphorus.

Tan"ta*lism (?), n. [See Tantalize.] A punishment like that of Tantalus; a teasing or tormenting by the hope or near approach of good which is not attainable; tantalization. Addison.

Is not such a provision like tantalism to this people?

Josiah Quincy.

Tan"ta*lite (?), n. [Cf. F. tantalite.] (Min.) A heavy mineral of an iron-black color and submetallic luster. It is essentially a tantalate of iron.

Tan`ta*li*za"tion (?), n. The act of tantalizing, or state of being tantalized. Gayton.

Tan"ta*lize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tantalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tantalizing (?).] [From Tantalus: cf. F. tantaliser.] To tease or torment by presenting some good to the view and exciting desire, but continually frustrating the expectations by keeping that good out of reach; to tease; to torment.

Thy vain desires, at strife Within themselves, have tantalized thy life.

Dryden.

Syn. — To tease; vex; irritate; provoke. — Tantalize, Disappoint. To disappoint is literally to do away with what was (or was taken to be) appointed; hence the peculiar pain from hopes thus dashed to the ground. To tantalize, a much stronger term, describes a most distressing form of disappointment, as in the case of Tantalus, the Phrygian king. To tantalize is to visit with the bitterest disappointment — to torment by exciting hopes or expectations which can never be realized.

Tan"ta*li`zer (?), n. One who tantalizes.

Tan"ta*li`zing*ly (?), adv. In a tantalizing or teasing manner.

Tan"ta*lum (?), n. [NL. So named on account of the perplexity and difficulty encounterd by its discoverer (Ekeberg) in isolating it. See Tantalus.] (Chem.) A rare nonmetallic element found in certain minerals, as tantalite, samarskite, and fergusonite, and isolated as a dark powder which becomes steel-gray by burnishing. Symbol Ta. Atomic weight 182.0. Formerly called also tantalium.

Tan"ta*lus (?), n. [L., from Gr. Ta`ntalos.] (Gr. Myth.) 1. A Phrygian king who was punished in the lower world by being placed in the midst of a lake whose waters reached to his chin but receded whenever he attempted to allay his thirst, while over his head hung branches laden with choice fruit which likewise receded whenever he stretched out his hand to grasp them.

2. (Zoöl.) A genus of wading birds comprising the wood ibises.

Tantalus's cup (Physics), a philosophical toy, consisting of a cup, within which is the figure of a man, and within the figure a siphon, the longer arm of which passes down through the bottom of the cup, and allows the escape of any liquid that may be poured in, when it reaches as high as the bend of the siphon, which is just below the level of the mouth of the figure in the cup.

Tan"ta*mount` (?), a. [F. tant so much (L. tantus) + E. amount.] Equivalent in value, signification, or effect.

A usage nearly tantamount to constitutional right.

Hallam.

The certainty that delay, under these circumstances, was tantamount to ruin.

De Quincey.

Tan"ta*mount`, v. i. To be tantamount or equivalent; to amount. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Tan*tiv"y (?), adv. [Said to be from the note of a hunting horn.] Swiftly; speedily; rapidly; — a fox-hunting term; as, to ride tantivy.

Tan*tiv"y, n. A rapid, violent gallop; an impetuous rush. Cleverland.

Tan*tiv"y, v. i. To go away in haste. [Colloq.]

Tan"trum (?), n. A whim, or burst of ill-humor; an affected air. [Colloq.] Thackeray.

Tan"yard` (?), n. An inclosure where the tanning of leather is carried on; a tannery.

||Tan`y*stom"a*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; to stretch + &?;, &?;, ||mouth.] (Zoöl.) A division of dipterous insects in which the ||proboscis is large and contains lancelike mandibles and maxillæ. The ||horseflies and robber flies are examples. || Ta"o*ism (?), n. One of the popular religions of China, sanctioned by the state. — Ta"o*ist, a. & n.

Tap (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tapping.] [F. taper to strike; of Teutonic origin; cf. dial. G. tapp, tapps, a blow, tappe a paw, fist, G. tappen to grope.] 1. To strike with a slight or gentle blow; to touch gently; to rap lightly; to pat; as, to tap one with the hand or a cane.

2. To put a new sole or heel on; as, to tap shoes.

Tap, n. [Cf. F. tape. See Tap to strike.] 1. A gentle or slight blow; a light rap; a pat. Addison.

2. A piece of leather fastened upon the bottom of a boot or shoe in repairing or renewing the sole or heel.

3. pl. (Mil.) A signal, by drum or trumpet, for extinguishing all lights in soldiers' quarters and retiring to bed, — usually given about a quarter of an hour after tattoo. Wilhelm.

Tap, v. i. To strike a gentle blow.

Tap, n. [AS. tæppa, akin to D. tap, G. zapfen, OHG. zapfo, Dan. tap, Sw. tapp, Icel. tappi. Cf. Tampion, Tip.] 1. A hole or pipe through which liquor is drawn.

2. A plug or spile for stopping a hole pierced in a cask, or the like; a faucet.

3. Liquor drawn through a tap; hence, a certain kind or quality of liquor; as, a liquor of the same tap. [Colloq.]

4. A place where liquor is drawn for drinking; a taproom; a bar. [Colloq.]

5. (Mech.) A tool for forming an internal screw, as in a nut, consisting of a hardened steel male screw grooved longitudinally so as to have cutting edges.

On tap. (a) Ready to be drawn; as, ale on tap. (b) Broached, or furnished with a tap; as, a barrel on tap. — Plug tap (Mech.), a screw-cutting tap with a slightly tapering end. — Tap bolt, a bolt with a head on one end and a thread on the other end, to be screwed into some fixed part, instead of passing through the part and receiving a nut. See Illust. under Bolt. — Tap cinder (Metal.), the slag of a puddling furnace.

Tap, v. t. 1. To pierce so as to let out, or draw off, a fluid; as, to tap a cask, a tree, a tumor, etc.

2. Hence, to draw from (anything) in any analogous way; as, to tap telegraph wires for the purpose of intercepting information; to tap the treasury.

3. To draw, or cause to flow, by piercing. Shak.

He has been tapping his liquors.

Addison.

4. (Mech.) To form an internal screw in (anything) by means of a tool called a tap; as, to tap a nut.

||Ta"pa (?), n. A kind of cloth prepared by the Polynesians from the ||inner bark of the paper mulberry; — sometimes called also kapa. || ||Ta`pa*yax"in (?), n. (Zoöl.) A Mexican spinous lizard (Phrynosoma ||orbiculare) having a head somewhat like that of a toad; — called also ||horned toad. || Tape (?), n. [AS. tæppe a fillet. Cf. Tapestry, Tippet.] 1. A narrow fillet or band of cotton or linen; a narrow woven fabric used for strings and the like; as, curtains tied with tape.

2. A tapeline; also, a metallic ribbon so marked as to serve as a tapeline; as, a steel tape.

Red tape. See under Red. — Tape grass (Bot.), a plant (Vallisneria spiralis) with long ribbonlike leaves, growing in fresh or brackish water; — called also fresh-water eelgrass, and, in Maryland, wild celery. — Tape needle. See Bodkin, n., 4.

Tape"line` (?), n. A painted tape, marked with linear dimensions, as inches, feet, etc., and often inclosed in a case, — used for measuring.

Ta"per (?), n. [AS. tapur, tapor, taper; cf. Ir. tapar, W. tampr.] 1. A small wax candle; a small lighted wax candle; hence, a small light.

Get me a taper in my study, Lucius.

Shak.

2. A tapering form; gradual diminution of thickness in an elongated object; as, the taper of a spire.

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Ta"per (?), a. [Supposed to be from taper, n., in allusion to its form.] Regularly narrowed toward the point; becoming small toward one end; conical; pyramidical; as, taper fingers.

Ta"per, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tapered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tapering.] To become gradually smaller toward one end; as, a sugar loaf tapers toward one end.

Ta"per, v. t. To make or cause to taper.

Ta"pered (?), a. Lighted with a taper or tapers; as, a tapered choir. [R.] T. Warton.

Ta"per*ing (?), a. Becoming gradually smaller toward one end. — Ta"per*ing*ly, adv.

Ta"per*ness, n. The quality or state of being taper; tapering form; taper. Shenstone.

Tap"es*try (?), n.; pl. Tapestries (#). [F. tapissere, fr. tapisser to carpet, to hang, or cover with tapestry, fr. tapis a carpet, carpeting, LL. tapecius, fr. L. tapete carpet, tapestry, Gr. &?;, &?;. Cf. Tapis, Tippet.] A fabric, usually of worsted, worked upon a warp of linen or other thread by hand, the designs being usually more or less pictorial and the stuff employed for wall hangings and the like. The term is also applied to different kinds of embroidery.

Tapestry carpet, a kind of carpet, somewhat resembling Brussels, in which the warp is printed before weaving, so as to produce the figure in the cloth. — Tapestry moth. (Zoöl.) Same as Carpet moth, under Carpet.

Tap"es*try, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tapestried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tapestrying.] To adorn with tapestry, or as with tapestry.

The Trosachs wound, as now, between gigantic walls of rock tapestried with broom and wild roses.

Macaulay.

Tap"et (?), n. [L. tapete. See Tapestry.] Worked or figured stuff; tapestry. [R.] Spenser.

Tap"e*ti (?), n.; pl. Tapetis (#). [Braz.] (Zoöl.) A small South American hare (Lepus Braziliensis).

||Ta*pe"tum (?), n. [NL., from L. tapete a carpet, a tapestry.] (Anat.) ||An area in the pigmented layer of the choroid coat of the eye in many ||animals, which has an iridescent or metallic luster and helps to make ||the eye visible in the dark. Sometimes applied to the whole layer of ||pigmented epithelium of the choroid. || Tape"worm` (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of cestode worms belonging to Tænia and many allied genera. The body is long, flat, and composed of numerous segments or proglottids varying in shape, those toward the end of the body being much larger and longer than the anterior ones, and containing the fully developed sexual organs. The head is small, destitute of a mouth, but furnished with two or more suckers (which vary greatly in shape in different genera), and sometimes, also, with hooks for adhesion to the walls of the intestines of the animals in which they are parasitic. The larvæ (see Cysticercus) live in the flesh of various creatures, and when swallowed by another animal of the right species develop into the mature tapeworm in its intestine. See Illustration in Appendix.

Three species are common parasites of man: the pork tapeworm (Tænia solium), the larva of which is found in pork; the beef tapeworm (T. mediocanellata), the larva of which lives in the flesh of young cattle; and the broad tapeworm (Bothriocephalus latus) which is found chiefly in the inhabitants of the mountainous regions of Europe and Asia. See also Echinococcus, Cysticercus, Proglottis, and 2d Measles, 4.

Tap"house` (?), n. A house where liquors are retailed.

||Taph*ren"chy*ma (?), n. [Gr. &?; a trench + enchyma, as in ||parenchyma.] (Bot.) Same as Bothrenchyma. || Tap"i*nage (?), n. [See Tapish.] A lurking or skulking. [Obs.] Gower.

Tap`i*o"ca (?), n. [Braz. tapioka: cf. Pg., Sp. & F. tapioca.] A coarsely granular substance obtained by heating, and thus partly changing, the moistened starch obtained from the roots of the cassava. It is much used in puddings and as a thickening for soups. See Cassava.

Ta"pir (?), n. [Braz. tapy'ra: cf. F. tapir.] (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of large odd-toed ungulates belonging to Tapirus, Elasmognathus, and allied genera. They have a long prehensile upper lip, short ears, short and stout legs, a short, thick tail, and short, close hair. They have three toes on the hind feet, and four toes on the fore feet, but the outermost toe is of little use.

The best-known species are the Indian tapir (Tapirus Indicus), native of the East Indies and Malacca, which is black with a broad band of white around the middle, and the common American tapir (T. Americanus), which, when adult, is dull brown. Several others species inhabit the Andes and Central America.

Tapir tiger (Zoöl.), the wallah.

Ta"pir*oid (?), a. [Tapir + - oid.] (Zoöl.) Allied to the tapir, or the Tapir family.

Ta"pis (?), n. [F. See Tapestry.] Tapestry; formerly, the cover of a council table.

On, or Upon, the tapis, on the table, or under consideration; as, to lay a motion in Parliament on the tapis.

Tap"is (?), v. t. To cover or work with figures like tapestry. [R.] Holland.

Tap"is*er (?), n. [F. tapissier.] A maker of tapestry; an upholsterer. [R.] Chaucer.

Tap"ish (?), v. i. [F. se tapir to squat.] To lie close to the ground, so as to be concealed; to squat; to crouch; hence, to hide one's self. [Written also tappis, tappish, tappice.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

As a hound that, having roused a hart, Although he tappish ne'er so soft.

Chapman.

Tap"lash` (?), n. Bad small beer; also, the refuse or dregs of liquor. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

The taplash of strong ale and wine.

Taylor (1630).

Tap"lings (?), n. pl. The strong double leathers by which the two parts of a flail are united. Halliwell.

||Ta*po"a ta"fa (?). (Zoöl.) A small carnivorous marsupial (Phascogale ||penicillata) having long, soft fur, and a very long tail with a tuft ||of long hairs at the end; — called also brush-tailed phascogale. || Tap"pen (?), n. An obstruction, or indigestible mass, found in the intestine of bears and other animals during hibernation.

Tap"per (?), n. (Zoöl.) The lesser spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor); — called also tapperer, tabberer, little wood pie, barred woodpecker, wood tapper, hickwall, and pump borer. [Prov. Eng.]

Tap"pes*ter (?), n. [See Tapster.] A female tapster. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Tap"pet (?), n. (Mach.) A lever or projection moved by some other piece, as a cam, or intended to tap or touch something else, with a view to produce change or regulate motion. G. Francis.

Tappet motion, a valve motion worked by tappets from a reciprocating part, without an eccentric or cam, — used in steam pumps, etc.

{ Tap"pice (?), Tap"pis (?) }, v. i. See Tapish.

Tap"pit hen` (?). 1. A hen having a tuft of feathers on her head. [Scot.] Jamieson.

2. A measuring pot holding one quart (according to some, three quarts); — so called from a knob on the lid, thought to resemble a crested hen. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Tap"room` (?), n. A room where liquors are kept on tap; a barroom.

The ambassador was put one night into a miserable taproom, full of soldiers smoking.

Macaulay.

Tap"root` (?), n. (Bot.) The root of a plant which penetrates the earth directly downward to a considerable depth without dividing.

Tap"ster (?), n. [AS. tæppestre a female tapster. See Tap a plug, pipe, and -ster.] One whose business is to tap or draw ale or other liquor.

Ta"qua-nut` (?), n. (Bot.) A Central American name for the ivory nut.

Tar (?), n. [Abbrev. from tarpaulin.] A sailor; a seaman. [Colloq.] Swift.

Tar, n. [OE. terre, tarre, AS. teru, teoru; akin to D. teer, G. teer, theer, Icel. tjara, Sw. tjära, Dan. tiære, and to E. tree. √63. See Tree.] A thick, black, viscous liquid obtained by the distillation of wood, coal, etc., and having a varied composition according to the temperature and material employed in obtaining it.

Coal tar. See in the Vocabulary. — Mineral tar (Min.), a kind of soft native bitumen. — Tar board, a strong quality of millboard made from junk and old tarred rope. Knight. — Tar water. (a) A cold infusion of tar in water, used as a medicine. (b) The ammoniacal water of gas works. — Wood tar, tar obtained from wood. It is usually obtained by the distillation of the wood of the pine, spruce, or fir, and is used in varnishes, cements, and to render ropes, oakum, etc., impervious to water.

Tar, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tarred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tarring.] To smear with tar, or as with tar; as, to tar ropes; to tar cloth.

To tar and feather a person. See under Feather, v. t.

Tar"a*nis (?), n. [L. taranis, from the Celtic; cf. W. & Corn. taran thunder.] (Myth.) A Celtic divinity, regarded as the evil principle, but confounded by the Romans with Jupiter.

Tar`an*tass" (?), n. [Russ. tarantas'.] A low four-wheeled carriage used in Russia. The carriage box rests on two long, springy poles which run from the fore to the hind axletree. When snow falls, the wheels are taken off, and the body is mounted on a sledge.

Tar`an*tel"la (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) (a) A rapid and delirious sort of Neapolitan dance in 6-8 time, which moves in whirling triplets; — so called from a popular notion of its being a remedy against the poisonous bite of the tarantula. Some derive its name from Taranto in Apulia. (b) Music suited to such a dance.

Tar"ant*ism (?), n. [It. tarantismo: cf. F. tarentisme. See Tarantula.] (Med.) A nervous affection producing melancholy, stupor, and an uncontrollable desire to dance. It was supposed to be produced by the bite of the tarantula, and considered to be incapable of cure except by protracted dancing to appropriate music. [Written also tarentism.]

Ta*ran"tu*la (?), n.; pl. E. Tarantulas (#), L. Tarantulæ (#). [NL., fr. It. tarantola, fr. L. Tarentum, now Taranto, in the south of Italy.] (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of large spiders, popularly supposed to be very venomous, especially the European species (Tarantula apuliæ). The tarantulas of Texas and adjacent countries are large species of Mygale. [Written also tarentula.]

Tarantula killer, a very large wasp (Pompilus formosus), which captures the Texan tarantula (Mygale Hentzii) and places it in its nest as food for its young, after paralyzing it by a sting.

Ta*ran"tu*la`ted (?), a. Bitten by a tarantula; affected with tarantism.

Tar*bog"an (?), n. & v. See Toboggan.

Tar*boosh" (?), n. [Ar. tarb&?;sh; perhaps from Per. sar-posh headdress: cf. F. tarbouch.] A red cap worn by Turks and other Eastern nations, sometimes alone and sometimes swathed with linen or other stuff to make a turban. See Fez.

Tar*da"tion (?), n. [L. tardatio, fr. tardare, tardatum, to retard, delay, fr. tardus slow.] The act of retarding, or delaying; retardation. [Obs.]

||Tar`di*gra"da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Tardigrade, a.] 1. (Zoöl.) A tribe ||of edentates comprising the sloths. They are noted for the slowness ||of their movements when on the ground. See Sloth, 3. || 2. (Zoöl.) An order of minute aquatic arachnids; — called also bear animalcules, sloth animalcules, and water bears.

Tar"di*grade (?), a. [L. tardigradus; tardus slow + gradi to step: cf. F. tardigrade.] 1. Moving or stepping slowly; slow-paced. [R.] G. Eliot.

2. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Tardigrada.

Tar"di*grade, n. (Zoöl.) One of the Tardigrada.

Tar"di*gra`dous (?), a. Moving slowly; slow-paced. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Tar"di*ly (?), adv. In a tardy manner; slowly.

Tar"di*ness, n. The quality or state of being tardy.

Tar`di*ta"tion (?), n. Tardiness. [Obs.]

To instruct them to avoid all snares of tarditation, in the Lord's affairs.

Herrick.

Tar"di*ty (?), n. [L. tarditas.] Slowness; tardiness. [R.] Sir K. Digby.

||Tar"do (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Slow; — a direction to perform a passage ||slowly. || ||Tar"do, n. [Sp., slow, L. tardus.] (Zoöl.) A sloth. || Tar"dy (?), a. [Compar. Tardier (?); superl. Tardiest.] [F. tardif, fr. (assumed) LL. tardivus, fr. L. tardus slow.] 1. Moving with a slow pace or motion; slow; not swift.

And check the tardy flight of time.

Sandys.

Tardy to vengeance, and with mercy brave.

Prior.

2. Not being inseason; late; dilatory; — opposed to prompt; as, to be tardy in one's payments. Arbuthnot.

The tardy plants in our cold orchards placed.

Waller.

3. Unwary; unready. [Obs.] Hudibras.

4. Criminal; guilty. [Obs.] Collier.

Syn. — Slow; dilatory; tedious; reluctant. See Slow.

Tar"dy, v. t. To make tardy. [Obs.] Shak.

Tare (?), obs. imp. of Tear. Tore.

Tare, n. [Cf. Prov. E. tare brisk, eager, OE. tarefitch the wild vetch.] 1. A weed that grows among wheat and other grain; — alleged by modern naturalists to be the Lolium temulentum, or darnel.

Didst not thou sow good seed in thy field? From whence then hath it tares?

Matt. xiii. 27.

The "darnel" is said to be the tares of Scripture, and is the only deleterious species belonging to the whole order.

Baird.

2. (Bot.) A name of several climbing or diffuse leguminous herbs of the genus Vicia; especially, the V. sativa, sometimes grown for fodder.

Tare, n. [F. tare; cf. Pr., Sp., Pg., & It. tara; all fr. Ar. tarah thrown away, removed, fr. taraha to reject, remove.] (Com.) Deficientcy in the weight or quantity of goods by reason of the weight of the cask, bag, or whatever contains the commodity, and is weighed with it; hence, the allowance or abatement of a certain weight or quantity which the seller makes to the buyer on account of the weight of such cask, bag, etc.

Tare, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Taring.] To ascertain or mark the tare of (goods).

Tared (?), a. (Chem.) Weighed; determined; reduced to equal or standard weight; as, tared filter papers, used in weighing precipitates.

Ta*ren"te (?), n. [Cf. F. tarente.] (Zoöl.) A harmless lizard of the Gecko family (Platydactylus Mauritianicus) found in Southern Europe and adjacent countries, especially among old walls and ruins.

Tar"ent*ism (?), n. See Tarantism.

Ta*ren"tu*la (?), n. See Tarantula.

Targe (?), n. [F. Cf. Target.] A shield or target. [Obs. or Poetic] "A buckler on a targe." Chaucer.