C.

_Calabrian_ peninsula, Dionysius’s projected wall across, xi. 43.

_Calycê_, i. 137.

_Campanians_, xi. 9; of Ætna, x. 407.

_Canacê_, i. 136 _n._

_Carthage_, iii. 273; foundation and dominion of, iii. 345 _seq._; and Tyre, amicable relations of, iii. 348; projected expedition of Kambysês against, iv. 220; empire, power, and population of, x. 391 _seq._; and her colonies, x. 394; military force of, x. 396 _seq._; political constitution of, x. 397 _seq._; oligarchical system and sentiment at, x. 398 _seq._; powerful families at, x. 400; intervention of, in Sicily, B. C. 410, x. 401 _seq._; and Dionysius, x. 469, 473, 481, 483; distressat, on the failure of Imilkon’s expedition against Syracuse, x. 511; danger of, from her revolted Libyan subjects, B. C. 394, x. 511; Dionysius renews the war with, xi. 41 _seq._; Dionysius concludes an unfavorable peace with, xi. 42; new war of Dionysius with, xi. 44; danger from, to Syracuse, B. C. 344, xi. 134; operations of Agathokles on the eastern coast of, xii. 419 _seq._; sedition of Bomilkar at, xii. 435.

_Carthaginian_ invasion of Sicily, B. C. 480, v. 221 _seq._; fleet, entrance of, into the Great Harbor of Syracuse, x. 498.

_Carthaginians_, and Phenicians, difference between the aims of, iii. 275; and Greeks, first known collision between, iii. 348; peace of, with Gelo, after the battle of the Himera, v. 225; and Egestæans, victory of, over the Selinuntines, x. 404; blockade and capture of Agrigentum by, x. 405 _seq._; plunder of Syracuse by, x. 482; in Sicily, expedition of Dionysius against, x. 483 _seq._; naval victory of, off Katana, x. 495; before Syracuse, x. 499 _seq._, 506 _seq._; defeat of, in the Great Harbor of Syracuse, x. 501; in Sicily, frequency of pestilence among, xi. 1; purchase the robe of the Lakinian Hêrê, xi. 23; and Hipponium, xi. 43; invade Sicily, B. C. 340, xi. 170, 171; Timoleon’s victory over, at the Krimêsus, xi. 174 _seq._; peace of Timoleon with, xi. 182; their defence of Agrigentum against Agathokles, xii. 406 _seq._; victory of, over Agathokles at the Himera, xii. 408 _seq._; recover great part of Sicily from Agathokles, xii. 409; expedition of Agathokles to Africa against, xii. 410 _seq._; religious terror of after the defeat of Hanno and Bomilkar, xii. 418; success of, against Agathokles in Numidia, xii. 427; victories of, over Archagathus, xii. 439; Archagathus blocked up at Tunês by, xii. 439, 441; victory of, over Agathokles near Tunês, xii. 442; nocturnal panic in the camp of, near Tunês, xii. 442; the army of Agathokles capitulate with, after his desertion, xii. 443.

_Caspian_ Gates, xii. 182 _n._ 2.

_Castes_, Egyptian, iii. 314 _seq._

_Catalogue_ in the Iliad, i. 290 _seq._, ii. 157.

_Cato_ the elder, and Kleon, vi. 485 _n._, 486 _n._

_Census_, nature and duration of the Solonian, x. 113 _seq._; in the archonship of Nausinikus, x. 114 _seq._

_Centaur_ Nessus, i. 151.

_Centimanes_, i. 8.

_Ceremonies_, religious, a source of mythes, i. 62, 63.

_Cestus_, iv. 57 _n._ 2.

_Chabrias_, defeat of Gorgôpas by, ix. 375; proceedings of between B. C. 387-378, x. 105; at Thebes, x. 127; victory of, near Naxos, x. 130 _seq._; at Corinth, x. 258; in Egypt, x. 361, 362; and Charidemus, x. 379; death of, xi. 223.

_Chæreas_, viii. 30, 46.

_Chæroneia_, victory of the Thebans over Onomarchus at, xi. 257; battle of, B. C. 338, xi. 498 _seq._

_Chaldæan_ priests and Alexander, xii. 249, 254.

_Chaldæans_, iii. 290 _seq._

_Chalkêdon_ and Alkibiadês, viii. 126, 132.

_Chalkideus_, expedition of, to Chios, vii. 370, 371 _seq._; and Tissaphernes, treaty between, vii. 376; defeat and death of, vii. 385.

_Chalkidians_, Thracian, iv. 22 _seq._, vi. 183, 396; of Eubœa, successes of Athens against, iv. 170.

_Chalkidikê_, success of Timotheus in, x. 294; three expeditions from Athens to, B. C. 349-348, xi. 334 _n._, 349; success of Philip in, xi. 350 _seq._, 364.

_Chalkis_, iii. 164 _seq._; retirement of the Greek fleet to, on the loss of three triremes, v. 80.

_Chalybes_, iii. 252, ix. 106 _seq._, 110.

_Champions_, select, change in Grecian opinions respecting, ii. 451.

_Chaonians_, iii. 413 _seq._

_Chaos_, i. 4; and her offspring, i. 4.

_Chares_, assistance of, to Phlius, x. 272; recall of, from Corinth, x. 287; unsuccessful attempt of, to seize Corinth, x. 289; in the Chersonese, B. C. 358, x. 379; at Chios, xi. 374; in the Hellespont, xi. 224; accusation of Iphikrates and Timotheus by, xi. 226 _seq._; and Artabazus, xi. 230; conquest of Sestos by, xi. 258; expedition of, to Olynthus, xi. 349; at the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 502; capitulation of, at Mitylênê, xii. 142.

_Charidemus_, x. 251; and Iphikrates, x. 299; and Timotheus, x. 300, 301; and Kephisodotus, x. 374, 377; and Kersobleptes, x. 376, 377; and the Athenians in the Chersonese, B. C. 360-358, x. 377 _seq._; and Miltokythes, x. 378; his popularity and expedition to Thrace, xi. 307; expedition of, to Chalkidikê, xi. 349; put to death by Darius, xii. 108.

_Charidemus_ and Ephialtes, banishment of, xii. 46.

_Chariklês_, expedition of, to Peloponnesus, B. C. 413, vii. 288; and Peisander, vii. 198.

_Charilaus_ and Lykurgus, ii. 344; the Samian, iv. 249.

_Charites_, the, i. 10.

_Charitesia_, festival of, i. 128.

_Charlemagne_, legends of, i. 475.

_Charmandê_, dispute among the Cyreian forces near, ix. 35.

_Charmînus_, victory of Astyochus over, vii. 397.

_Charon_ the Theban, x. 81 _seq._

_Charondas_, iv. 417.

_Charopinus_, iv. 290.

_Cheirisophus_, ix. 80; and Xenophon, ix. 92, 95, 106 _seq._; at the Kentritês, ix. 99; mission of, to Byzantium, ix. 125; return of, from Byzantium, ix. 144; elected sole general of the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 145; death of, ix. 148.

_Chersonese_, Thracian, iv. 27; connection of, with Athens under Peisistratus, iv. 117 _seq._; attacked by the Athenians, B. C. 479, v. 201; operations of Periklês in, vi. 10; retirement of Alkibiadês to, B. C. 407, viii. 159; fortification of, by Derkyllidas, ix. 218;

## partial readmission of Athenians to, B. C. 365, x. 296 _seq._;

Epaminondas near, x. 301, 306; Timotheus at, x. 302, 306, 368; Ergophilus in the, x. 369 _seq._; Kotys in the, x. 373; Kephisodotus in the, x. 374; Charidemus and the Athenians in the, x. 377 _seq._; restoration of, to Athens, B. C. 358, x. 379, xi. 219; Kersobleptes cedes part of, to Athens, xi. 258; speech of Demosthenes on, xi. 451; mission of Demosthenes to, xi. 453; votes of thanks from, to Athens, xi. 461.

_Chians_ at Ladê, iv. 304;

## activity of, in promoting revolt among the Athenian allies,

vii. 374; expedition of, against Lesbos, vii. 382 _seq._; improved condition of, B. C. 411, viii. 94.

_Chimæra_, the, i. 7.

_Chios_, foundation of, iii. 147; Histiæus at, iv. 299; an autonomous ally of Athens, vi. 2; proceeding of Athenians at, B. C. 425, vi. 360; application from, to Sparta, B. C. 413, vii. 365; the Lacedæmonians persuaded by Alkibiadês to send aid to, vii. 367; suspicions of the Athenians about, B. C. 412, vii. 368; expedition of Chalkideus and Alkibiadês to, vii. 369 _seq._; revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 412, vii. 371 _seq._; expedition of Strombichidês to, vii. 374; harassing operations of the Athenians against, B. C. 412, vii. 385 _seq._, 391, 393; prosperity of, between B. C. 480-412. vii. 387; defeat of Pedaritus at, viii. 20; removal of Mindarus from Milêtus to, viii. 101; voyage of Mindarus from, to the Hellespont, viii. 102, 102 _n._; revolution at, furthered by Kratesippidas, viii. 140; escape of Eteonikus from Mitylenê to, viii. 175, 189; Eteonikus at, viii. 211; revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 358, xi. 220 _seq._, 231; repulse of the Athenians at, B. C. 358, xi. 223; acquisition of, by Memnon, xii. 105; capture of, by Macedonian admirals, xii. 141.

_Chivalry_, romances of, i. 475 _seq._

_Chlidon_, x. 84.

_Chœrilus_, Näke’s comments on, ii. 137 _n._; poem of, on the expedition of Xerxes into Greece, v. 39 _n._

_Choric_ training at Sparta and Krête, iv. 84 _seq._

_Choriênes_, Alexander’s capture of the rock of, xii. 214.

_Chorus_, the Greek, iv. 83; improvements in, by Stesichorus, iv. 87.

_Chronicle_ of Turpin, the, i. 475.

_Chronological_ calculation destroys the religious character of mythical genealogies, i. 446; table from Clinton’s Fasti Hellenici, ii. 36 _seq._; computations, the value of, dependent on the trustworthiness of the genealogies, ii. 41; evidence of early poets, ii. 45.

_Chronologists_, modern, ii. 37.

_Chronologizing_ attempts indicative of mental progress, ii. 56.

_Chronology_ of mythical events, various schemes of, ii. 34 _seq._; Alexandrine, from the return of the Herakleids to the first Olympiad, ii. 304; of Egyptian kings from Psammetichus to Amasis, iii. 330 _n._ 2; Egyptian, iii. 339 _seq._; Grecian, between the Persian and Peloponnesian wars, v. 304 _n._ 2; of the period between Philip’s fortification of Elateia and the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 494 _n._ 2.

_Chrysaor_, i. 1, 7.

_Chryseis_, i. 294.

_Chrysippus_, i. 160.

_Chrysopolis_, occupation of, by the Athenians, viii. 127.

_Cimmerian_ invasion of Asia Minor, iii. 249 _seq._

_Cimmerians_, iii. 234; driven out of their country by the Scythians, iii. 247 _seq._

_Circê_ and Æêtês, i. 252.

_Clinton’s_ Fasti Hellenici, chronological table from, ii. 36 _seq._; opinion on the computations of the date of the Trojan war, ii. 39; vindication of the genealogies, ii. 42 _seq._

_Coined_ money, first introduction of, into Greece, ii. 318.

_Comedy_, growth, development, and influence of, at Athens, viii. 325 _seq._

_Comic_ poets, before Aristophanês, viii. 327; writers, mistaken estimate of, as witnesses and critics, viii. 332 _seq._

_Commemorative_ influence of Grecian rites, i. 454 _seq._

_Congress_ at Corinth, B. C. 421, vii. 13-15; at Sparta, B. C. 421, vii. 24; at Mantinea, B. C. 419, vii. 67 _seq._

_Conón_ on the legend of Kadmus, i. 258.

_Constitutional_ forms, attachment of the Athenians to, viii. 41; morality, necessity for creating, in the time of Kleisthenês, iv. 159.

_Corinth_, origin of, i. 119 _seq._; Dorians, at, ii. 9; early distinction of, ii. 113; isthmus of, ii. 216; Herakleid kings of, ii. 306; Dorian settlers at, ii. 309; despots at, iii. 39 _seq._; great power of, under Periander, iii. 43; Sikyôn and Megara, analogy of, iii. 47; voyage from, to Gadês in the seventh and sixth centuries B. C., iii. 277; relations of Korkyra with, iii. 404 _seq._; and Korkyra, joint settlements of, iii. 405 _seq._; relations between the colonies of, iii. 407; decision of, respecting the dispute between Thebes and Platæa, iv. 166; protest of, at the first convocation at Sparta, iv. 175; Pan-Hellenic congress at the Isthmus of, v. 57 _seq._; rush of Peloponnesians to the Isthmus of, after the battle of Thermopylæ, v. 106; growing hatred of, to Athens, B. C. 461, v. 320; operations of the Athenians in the Gulf of, B. C. 455, v. 332; and Korkyra, war between, vi. 51 _seq._; and Athens, after the naval battle between Corinth and Korkyra, vi. 69 _seq._; congress at, B. C. 421, vii. 13, 15 _seq._; and Syracuse, embassy from, to Sparta, vii. 235; synod at, B. C. 412, vii. 368; altered feeling of, after the capture of Athens by Lysander, viii. 259, 264, 275; alliance of, with Thebes, Athens, and Argos, against Sparta, ix. 301; anti-Spartan allies at, ix. 302; battle of, ix. 307 _seq._, 317; Pharnabazus and the anti-Spartan allies at, ix. 320; philo-Laconian party at, B. C. 392, ix. 328 _seq._; _coup d’état_ of the government at, ix. 329; contrast between political conflicts at, and at Athens, ix. 330 _n._ 3; and Argos, consolidation of, B. C. 392, ix. 332; victor of the Lacedæmonians within the Long Walls at ix. 333 _seq._; the Long Walls of, partly pulled down by the Lacedæmonians, ix. 335; the Long Walls of, restored by the Athenians, and taken by Agesilaus and Teleutias, ix. 345 _seq._; and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 387, x. 12; application of, to Athens, for aid against Thebes, x. 234 _seq._; Iphikrates at, x. 237; and the Persian rescript in favor of Thebes, x. 282; project of the Athenians to seize, B. C. 366, x. 289; peace of, with Thebes, B. C. 366, x. 290 _seq._; application from Syracuse to, B. C. 344, xi. 134; message from Hiketas to, xi. 143; Dionysius the Younger at, xi. 151 _seq._; reinforcement from, to Timoleon, xi. 152, 155, 157; efforts of, to restore Syracuse, xi. 167, 168; Philip chosen chief of the Greeks at the congress at, xi. 511; convention at, under Alexander, B. C. 336, xii. 13 _seq._; violations of the convention at, by Alexander, xii. 16 _seq._; Alexander at, B. C. 335, xii. 48.

_Corinthian envoys_, speech of, to the Athenian assembly, in reply to the Korkyræans, vi. 59; speech of, to the Spartan assembly, against Athens, vi. 82 _seq._; speech of, at the congress of allies at Sparta, vi. 93 _seq._

_Corinthian_ genealogy of Eumelus, i. 119 _seq._;

_Corinthian_ Gulf, naval conflicts of Corinthians and Lacedæmonians in, ix. 326; territory, Nikias’s expedition against, vi. 355 _seq._; war, commencement of, ix. 301.

_Corinthians_, early commerce and enterprise of, iii. 1; behavior of, at Salamis, v. 145; defeated by Myronides, v. 324; procure the refusal of the Samians’ application to Sparta for aid against Athens, vi. 30, 50; instigate Potidæa, the Chalkidians and Bottiæans to revolt from Athens, vi. 65 _seq._; defeat of, near Potidæa, vi. 73; strive to excite war against Athens after their defeat near Potidæa, vi. 78; repudiate the peace of Nikias, vi. 493, vii. 2; induce Argos to head a new Peloponnesian alliance, vii. 12; hesitate to join Argos, vii. 16, 62; join Argos, vii. 18; application of, to the Bœotians and Athenians, B. C. 421, vii. 20; and Karneia, vii. 308 _n._ 1; and Athenians, naval battle between, near Naupaktus, vii. 358 _seq._; and Lacedæmonians, naval and land conflicts between, B. C. 393, ix. 333 _seq._

_Courts_ of Requests, their analogy to Athenian dikasteries, v. 399 _n._ 1.

_Creditor_ and debtor, law of, at Athens before Solon, iii. 95; Roman law of, iii. 159.

_Criticisms_ on the first two volumes of this history, reply to, i. 408 _n._

_Crœsus_ and Solon, alleged interview between, iii. 149 _seq._; moral of Herodotus’s story about, iii. 153; reign and conquests of, iii. 258 _seq._; power and alliances of, iv. 182; and Cyrus, war between, iv. 188 _seq._; and the oracles, iv. 189, 190, 193; solicits the alliance of Sparta, iv. 190; fate of, impressive to the Greek mind, iv. 195.

_Cumæ_ in Campania, iii. 357 _seq._

_Cyclades_, ii. 214, iii. 163; Themistoklês levies fines on, v. 141.

_Cycle_, epic, ii. 122 _seq._

_Cyclic_ poets, ii. 122 _seq._

_Cyclôpes_, i. 4, 5.

_Cyprus_, influence of Aphroditê upon, i. 5; Solon’s visit to, iii. 148; Phenicians and Greeks in, iii. 277; extension of the Ionic revolt to, iv. 291; subjugation of, by Phenicians and Persians, iv. 293; conquest of, by the Turks in 1570, iv. 293 _n._; expedition to, under Kimon, v. 335; before and under Evagoras, x. 14 _seq._; subjugation of, to the Persian king Ochus, xi. 437; surrender of the princes of, to Alexander, xii. 137.

_Cyrenaica_, iv. 36 _n._ 3, 37 _n._

_Cyropædia_, Xenophon’s, iv. 183.

_Cyrus the Great_, early history and rise of, iv. 183 _seq._; and Crœsus, war between, iv. 188 _seq._; and the Lacedæmonians, iv. 199; conquests of, in Asia, iv. 209; capture of Babylon by, iv. 211 _seq._; exploits and death of, iv. 215; effects of his conquests upon the Persians, iv. 216 _seq._; the tomb of, xii. 237.

_Cyrus the Younger_, arrival of, in Asia Minor, B. C. 408, viii. 135, 137; Lysander’s visits to, at Sardis, viii. 140 _seq._, 214; pay of the Peloponnesian fleet by, viii. 143; and Kallikratidas, viii. 162; entrusts his satrapy and revenues to Lysander, viii. 214; and Artaxerxes Mnemon, viii. 312, ix. 8 _seq._; youth and education of, ix. 5; his esteem for the Greeks and hopes of the crown, ix. 6; charge of Tissaphernes against, ix. 7; strict administration and prudent behavior of, ix. 9; forces of, collected at Sardis, ix. 11; march of, from Sardis to Kunaxa, ix. 14 _seq._; assistance of Epyaxa to, ix. 18; review of his troops at Tyriæum, ix. 19; and Syennesis, ix. 20; at Tarsus, ix. 21 _seq._; desertion of Xenias and Pasion from, ix. 28; at Thapsakus, ix. 29 _seq._; in Babylonia, ix. 35 _seq._; speech of, to his Greek forces in Babylonia, ix. 36; his conception of Grecian superiority, ix. 37; his present to the prophet Silanus, ix. 40; passes the undefended trench, ix. 41; at Kunaxa, ix. 42 _seq._; character of, ix. 49; probable conduct of, towards Greece, if victorious at Kunaxa, ix. 51; and the Asiatic Greeks, ix. 207.