chapter I

. See page 7. Florida and Idaho did not name any social studies; hence they are not included in this number.

[64] Connecticut, 1866, and Maine, 1873, still required “history.” _General Statutes_ of New Hampshire, 1867, ch. LXXXI, sec. 4, p. 169; _Laws of Minnesota_, 1861, sec. 22, p. 60; _Code of Public Laws_ of Maryland, 1903, art. 77, 70, Vol. II, p. 1472. The source of the law is from _Laws_, 1868, title II, ch. 1, sec. 2, p. 757.

[65] _Digest of Laws_ of Pennsylvania, 1883, 173, p. 308, in which is source of law from _Public Laws_, 1867, par. II (April 9, 1867). _Laws_ of Wisconsin, 1861, ch. 176, sec. 4, p. 100; _Laws_ of Indiana, 1865, sec. 34, p. 13. _Statutes_ of Missouri, 1870, ch. 123, Vol. II, p. 1260, containing source from _General Statutes_, 1865, sec. 90, p. 273. _Laws_ of Arkansas, 1868, sec. 60, p. 181. _Statutes_ of California, 1865-6, sec. 87, p. 404, first and second grade certificates. These laws are continued by the following in successive legislation; Minnesota _Laws_, 1862, sec. 29, p. 26; _ibid._, 1864, sec. 29, p. 23; _ibid._, 1873, sec. 64, p. 71; _General Laws_, 1881, sec. 66, p. 480; _ibid._, 1894, sec. 3750, p. 1022; _Laws_ of Wisconsin, 1868, ch. 109, sec. 4, p. 110; _Revised Statutes_ of Indiana, 1881, 4425, p. 957, _Laws_, 1889, ch. LV, p. 85; _ibid._, 1899, ch. CCXIV, p. 489; _Revised Statutes_ of Missouri, 1879, sec. 7077, Vol. II, p. 1394, which contains amendment of 1874 when civil government was added. These successive laws remained unchanged for the social sciences except where noted. _Digest of Laws_ of Pennsylvania, 1894, p. 815; _ibid._, 1901, p. 859; in 1901, civil government, both state and local, were added. _Acts_ of Arkansas, 1873, sec. 62, p. 40. _Codes and Statutes_ of California, 1876, sec. 1748, Vol. I, p. 242.

[66] _Laws_ of Idaho, 1870-71, sec. 12, p. 10; _Laws_ of Arkansas, 1875, sec. 33, p. 65; _Laws_ of West Virginia, 1874, ch. 123, sec. 28, p. 399; also _ibid._, 1879, ch. 74, sec. 28, p. 143.

[67] _Laws_ of Texas, 1871-73, sec. 15, Vol. VII, p. 540; _Code_ of Washington, 1881, sec. 3240, p. 564, _Laws_, 1871, sec. 6, p. 17, _ibid._, 1877, sec. 6, p. 424; _Compiled Laws_ of Kansas, 1879, sec. 6, par. 81 (5181), p. 834; _Laws_, 1876, ch. 122, art. 6, par. 6; _Laws_ of Colorado, 1870-72, sec. 10, p. 134, _ibid._, 1876, sec. 15, 2461, p. 811; _Laws_ of Delaware, 1879, p. 52; _Laws_ of Oregon, 1872, par. 25, p. 507.

[68] _Laws_ of Arkansas, 1875, sec. 33, p. 65, also _ibid._, 1868, sec. 60, p. 181, _ibid._, 1873, sec. 62, p. 410. Laws of New Hampshire, Minnesota, Missouri, Maryland, Maine, Iowa, Nebraska, Illinois and California were discussed in connection with the passage of earlier laws in the preceding chapter.

[69] _Laws_ of Wisconsin, 1879, ch. 237, p. 346; _Laws_, 1887, ch. 79, p. 77.

[70] _Laws_ of New York, 1882, ch. 318, p. 382, certificate for prospective teachers; _Laws_ of Ohio, 1882, p. 70. “An act to amend section 4074 of the _Revised Statutes_ of Ohio relating to teachers’ certificates, making an examination in United States history essential.” _General Statutes_ of Michigan, 1883, par. 5153, Vol. II, p. 1356 (a compilation of laws); _Public Acts_, 1887, ch. XII, sec. 4, p. 890, left unchanged the social studies by law of 1887, ch. 196, sec. 5153, p. 3539; _Laws_ of Dakota Territory, 1883, ch. 44, par. 16. _Revised Code_, 1883, par. 16, p. 558, first and second grade certificates; _Compiled Laws_, 1887, par. 1770, p. 395; for first grade certificate, Dakota added civil government. _Acts_ of Alabama, 1880-81, p. 75, first and second grade certificates, _Code_ of Alabama, 1887, ch. 3, 984, Vol. I, p. 269, same certificates; _Laws_ of Arizona, 1885, p. 140, _Revised Statutes_, 1887, ch. 2, 1485 (sec. 13), p. 272, first and second grade territorial certificates. _Laws_ of Montana, 1883, sec. 1149, p. 57, for county certificates.

[71] _General Statutes_ of Connecticut, 1888, sec. 2135, p. 466; _Digest of Laws_ of Pennsylvania, 1883, 173, p. 308; required United States history from a law of 1867; _Laws_ of Delaware, 1887, sec. 4, p. 120, United States history. _Laws_ of West Virginia, 1881, sec. 28, p. 182, “history” required for primary school certificates; see _Laws_, 1874, p. 399; _Revised Statutes_ of Indiana, 1881, 4425, p. 957, _Laws_ of 1889, ch. LV, p. 85, for common schools, United States history was required; Supplement to _Revised Statutes_ of Wisconsin, 1878, required United States history, federal and state constitutions for the first, second, third grade certificates, also _Laws_, 1887, ch. 79, p. 77; _General Statutes_ of Kansas, 1889, 5651, par. 90, p. 1831. United States history was required for first, second, and third grade certificates; also _Laws_, 1881, ch. 151, par. 6, amended by _Laws_, 1885, ch. 170, par. 1, p. 274; _Revised Statutes_ of Idaho Territory, 1887, ch. VII, sec. 680, county certificates with the requirement of United States history; _Code_ of Washington, 1881, sec. 3240, p. 564, United States history was required, from _Laws_, 1871, also _Laws_, 1885, p. 27; _Codes and Statutes_ of California, 1885, par. 1772, Vol. I, p. 298, which was the same as in 1876; for county certificates United States history was prescribed.

[72] _General Statutes_ of Colorado, 1883, ch. XCVII, 3010, sec. 15, p. 883. This amended _General Laws_, 1879, p. 162, by adding “constitution of the United States”; _Laws_, 1889, sec. 4, p. 381.

[73] _Laws_ of Idaho, 1884, sec. 30, p. 192; also _Revised Statutes_, 1887, ch. VII, secs. 682, 683, p. 133. See