Part 11

panel, room divider. halfway house. V. lie between, come between, get between; intervene, slide in, interpenetrate, permeate. put between, introduce, import, throw in, wedge in, edge in, jam in, worm in, foist in, run in, plow in, work in; interpose, interject, intercalate, interpolate, interline, interleave, intersperse, interweave, interlard, interdigitate, sandwich in, fit in, squeeze in; let in, dovetail, splice, mortise; insinuate, smuggle; infiltrate, ingrain. interfere, put in an oar, thrust one's nose in; intrude, obtrude; have a finger in the pie; introduce the thin end of the wedge; thrust in &c (insert) 300. Adj. interjacent†, intercurrent†, intervenient†, intervening &c v., intermediate, intermediary, intercalary, interstitial; embolismal†. parenthetical, episodic; mediterranean; intrusive; embosomed†; merged. Adv. between, betwixt; twixt; among, amongst; amid, amidst; mid, midst; in the thick of; betwixt and between; sandwich-wise; parenthetically, obiter dictum.

229. Circumscription — N. circumscription, limitation, inclosure; confinement &c (restraint) 751; circumvallation†; encincture; envelope &c 232. container (receptacle) 191. V. circumscribe, limit, bound, confine, inclose; surround &c 227; compass about; imprison &c (restrain) 751; hedge in, wall in, rail in; fence round, fence in, hedge round; picket; corral. enfold, bury, encase, incase†, pack up, enshrine, inclasp†; wrap up &c (invest) 225; embay†, embosom†. containment (inclusion) 76. Adj. circumscribed &c v.; begirt†, lapt†; buried in, immersed in; embosomed†, in the bosom of, imbedded, encysted, mewed up; imprisoned &c 751; landlocked, in a ring fence.

230. Outline — N. outline, circumference; perimeter, periphery, ambit, circuit, lines tournure†, contour, profile, silhouette; bounds; coast line. zone, belt, girth, band, baldric, zodiac, girdle, tyre [Brit.], cingle†, clasp, girt; cordon &c (inclosure) 232; circlet, &c 247.

231. Edge — N. edge, verge, brink, brow, brim, margin, border, confine, skirt, rim, flange, side, mouth; jaws, chops, chaps, fauces; lip, muzzle. threshold, door, porch; portal &c (opening) 260; coast, shore. frame, fringe, flounce, frill, list, trimming, edging, skirting, hem, selvedge, welt, furbelow, valance, gimp. Adj. border, marginal, skirting; labial, labiated†, marginated†.

232. Inclosure — N. inclosure, envelope; case &c (receptacle) 191; wrapper; girdle &c 230. pen, fold; pen fold, in fold, sheep fold; paddock, pound; corral; yard; net, seine net. wall, hedge, hedge row; espalier; fence &c (defense) 717; pale, paling, balustrade, rail, railing, quickset hedge, park paling, circumvallation†, enceinte, ring fence. barrier, barricade; gate, gateway; bent, dingle [U.S.]; door, hatch, cordon; prison &c 752. dike, dyke, ditch, fosse†, moat. V. inclose, circumscribe &c 229.

233. Limit — N. limit, boundary, bounds, confine, enclave, term, bourn, verge, curbstone†, but, pale, reservation; termination, terminus; stint, frontier, precinct, marches; backwoods. boundary line, landmark; line of demarcation, line of circumvallation†; pillars of Hercules; Rubicon, turning point; ne plus ultra [Lat.]; sluice, floodgate. Adj. definite; conterminate†, conterminable†; terminal, frontier; bordering. Adv. thus far, thus far and no further. Phr. stick to the reservation; go beyond the pale. 2. Special

234. Front — N. front; fore, forepart; foreground; face, disk, disc, frontage; facade, proscenium, facia [Lat.], frontispiece; anteriority†; obverse (of a medal or coin). fore rank, front rank; van, vanguard; advanced guard; outpost; first line; scout. brow, forehead, visage, physiognomy, phiz†, countenance, mut [Slang]; rostrum, beak, bow, stem, prow, prore†, jib. pioneer &c (precursor) 64; metoposcopy†. V. be in front, stand in front &c adj.; front, face, confront; bend forwards; come to the front, come to the fore. Adj. fore, anterior, front, frontal. Adv. before; in front, in the van, in advance; ahead, right ahead; forehead, foremost; in the foreground, in the lee of; before one's face, before one's eyes; face to face, vis-a-vis; front a front. Phr. formosa muta commendatio est [Lat.] [Syrus]; frons est animi janua [Lat.] [Cicero]; Human face divine [Milton]; imago animi vultus est indices oculi [Lat.] [Cicero]; sea of upturned faces [Scott].

235. Rear — N. rear, back, posteriority; rear rank, rear guard; background, hinterland. occiput [Anat.], nape, chine; heels; tail, rump, croup, buttock, posteriors, backside scut†, breech, dorsum, loin; dorsal region, lumbar region; hind quarters; aitchbone†; natch, natch bone. stern, poop, afterpart†, heelpiece†, crupper. wake; train &c (sequence) 281. reverse; other side of the shield. V. be behind &c adv.; fall astern; bend backwards; bring up the rear. Adj. back, rear; hind, hinder, hindmost, hindermost†; postern, posterior; dorsal, after; caudal, lumbar; mizzen, tergal†. Adv. behind; in the rear, in the background; behind one's back; at the heels of, at the tail of, at the back of; back to back. after, aft, abaft, astern, sternmost†, aback, rearward. Phr. ogni medaglia ha il suo rovescio [It]; the other side of the coin.

236. Laterality — N. laterality†; side, flank, quarter, lee; hand; cheek, jowl, jole†, wing; profile; temple, parietes [Lat.], loin, haunch, hip; beam. gable, gable end; broadside; lee side. points of the compass; East, Orient, Levant; West; orientation. V. be on one side &c adv.; flank, outflank; sidle; skirt; orientate. Adj. lateral, sidelong; collateral; parietal, flanking, skirting; flanked; sideling. many sided; multilateral, bilateral, trilateral, quadrilateral. Eastern; orient, oriental; Levantine; Western, occidental, Hesperian. Adv. sideways, sidelong; broadside on; on one side, abreast, alongside, beside, aside; by the side of; side by side; cheek by jowl &c (near) 197; to windward, to leeward; laterally &c adj.; right and left; on her beam ends. Phr. his cheek the may of days outworn [Shakespeare].

237. Contraposition — N. contraposition†, opposition; polarity; inversion &c 218; opposite side; reverse, inverse; counterpart; antipodes; opposite poles, North and South. antonym, opposite (contrariety) 14. V. be opposite &c adj.; subtend. Adj. opposite; reverse, inverse; converse, antipodal, subcontrary†; fronting, facing, diametrically opposite. Northern, septentrional, Boreal, arctic; Southern, Austral, antarctic. Adv. over, over the way, over against; against; face to face, vis-a- vis; as poles asunder.

238. Dextrality — N. dextrality†; right, right hand; dexter, offside, starboard. Adj. dextral, right-handed; dexter, dextrorsal†, dextrorse†; ambidextral†, ambidextrous; dextro-. Adv. dextrad†, dextrally†.

239. Sinistrality — N. sinistrality†; left, left hand, a gauche; sinister, nearside†, larboard, port. Adj. left-handed; sinister; sinistral, sinistrorsal†, sinistrorse†, sinistrous†; laevo- [Pref.]. Adv. sinistrally, sinistrously†.

SECTION III. FORM

1. GENERAL FORM

240. Form — N. form, figure, shape; conformation, configuration; make, formation, frame, construction, cut, set, build, trim, cut of one's jib; stamp, type, cast, mold; fashion; contour &c (outline) 230; structure &c 329; plasmature†. feature, lineament, turn; phase &c (aspect) 448; posture, attitude, pose. [Science of form] morphism. [Similarity of form] isomorphism. forming &c v.; formation, figuration, efformation†; sculpture; plasmation†. V. form, shape, figure, fashion, efform†, carve, cut, chisel, hew, cast; rough hew, rough cast; sketch; block out, hammer out; trim; lick into shape, put into shape; model, knead, work up into, set, mold, sculpture; cast, stamp; build &c (construct) 161. Adj. formed &c v.. [Receiving form] plastic, fictile†; formative; fluid. [Giving form] plasmic†. [Similar in form] isomorphous. [taking several forms] pleomorphic; protean; changeable, &c 149.

241. [Absence of form.] Amorphism — N. amorphism†, informity†; unlicked cub†; rudis indigestaque moles [Lat.]; disorder &c 59; deformity &c 243. disfigurement, defacement; mutilation; deforming. chaos, randomness (disorder) 59. [taking form from surroundings] fluid &c 333. V. deface [Destroy form], disfigure, deform, mutilate, truncate; derange &c 61; blemish, mar. Adj. shapeless, amorphous, formless; unformed, unhewn†, unfashioned†, unshaped, unshapen; rough, rude, Gothic, barbarous, rugged.

242. [Regularity of form.] Symmetry — N. symmetry, shapeliness, finish; beauty &c 845; proportion, eurythmy†, uniformity, parallelism; bilateral symmetry, trilateral symmetry, multilateral symmetry; centrality &c 222. arborescence†, branching, ramification; arbor vitae. Adj. symmetrical, shapely, well set, finished; beautiful &c 845; classic, chaste, severe. regular, uniform, balanced; equal &c 27; parallel, coextensive. arborescent†, arboriform†; dendriform†, dendroid†; branching; ramous†, ramose; filiciform†, filicoid†; subarborescent†; papilionaceous†. fuji-shaped, fujigata [Jap.].

243. [Irregularity of form.] Distortion — N. distortion, detortion†, contortion; twist, crookedness &c (obliquity) 217; grimace; deformity; malformation, malconformation†; harelip; monstrosity, misproportion†, want of symmetry, anamorphosis†; ugliness &c 846; talipes†; teratology. asymmetry; irregularity. V. distort, contort, twist, warp, wrest, writhe, make faces, deform, misshape. Adj. distorted &c v.; out of shape, irregular, asymmetric, unsymmetric†, awry, wry, askew, crooked; not true, not straight; on one side, crump†, deformed; harelipped; misshapen, misbegotten; misproportioned†, ill proportioned; ill-made; grotesque, monstrous, crooked as a ram's horn; camel backed, hump backed, hunch backed, bunch backed, crook backed; bandy; bandy legged, bow legged; bow kneed, knock kneed; splay footed, club footed; round shouldered; snub nosed; curtailed of one's fair proportions; stumpy &c (short) 201; gaunt &c (thin) 203; bloated &c 194; scalene; simous†; taliped†, talipedic†. Adv. all manner of ways. Phr. crooked as a Virginia fence [U.S.].

2. SPECIAL FORM

244. Angularity — N. angularity, angularness†; aduncity†; angle, cusp, bend; fold &c 258; notch &c 257; fork, bifurcation. elbow, knee, knuckle, ankle, groin, crotch, crutch, crane, fluke, scythe, sickle, zigzag, kimbo†, akimbo. corner, nook, recess, niche, oriel [Arch.], coign†. right angle &c (perpendicular) 216.1, 212; obliquity &c 217; angle of 45 degrees, miter; acute angle, obtuse angle, salient angle, reentering angle, spherical angle. angular measurement, angular elevation, angular distance, angular velocity; trigonometry, goniometry; altimetry†; clinometer, graphometer†, goniometer; theodolite; sextant, quadrant; dichotomy. triangle, trigon†, wedge; rectangle, square, lozenge, diamond; rhomb, rhombus; quadrangle, quadrilateral; parallelogram; quadrature; polygon, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, oxygon†, decagon. pyramid, cone. Platonic bodies; cube, rhomboid; tetrahedron, pentahedron, hexahedron, octahedron, dodecahedron, icosahedron, eicosahedron; prism, pyramid; parallelopiped; curb roof, gambrel roof, mansard roof. V. bend, fork, bifurcate, crinkle. Adj. angular, bent, crooked, aduncous†, uncinated†, aquiline, jagged, serrated; falciform†, falcated†; furcated†, forked, bifurcate, zigzag; furcular†; hooked; dovetailed; knock kneed, crinkled, akimbo, kimbo†, geniculated†; oblique &c 217. fusiform [Micro.], wedge-shaped, cuneiform; cuneate†, multangular†, oxygonal†; triangular, trigonal†, trilateral; quadrangular, quadrilateral; foursquare; rectangular, square, multilateral; polygonal &c n.; cubical, rhomboid, rhomboidal, pyramidal.

245. Curvature — N. curvature, curvity†, curvation†; incurvature†, incurvity†; incurvation†; bend; flexure, flexion, flection†; conflexure†; crook, hook, bought, bending; deflection, deflexion†; inflection, inflexion†; concameration†; arcuation†, devexity†, turn, deviation, detour, sweep; curl, curling; bough; recurvity†, recurvation†; sinuosity &c 248. kink. carve, arc, arch, arcade, vault, bow, crescent, half-moon, lunule†, horseshoe, loop, crane neck; parabola, hyperbola; helix, spiral; catenary†, festoon; conchoid†, cardioid; caustic; tracery; arched ceiling, arched roof; bay window, bow window. sine curve; spline, spline curve, spline function; obliquity &c 217. V. be curved, &c adj.; curve, sweep, sway, swag, sag; deviate &c 279; curl, turn; reenter. render curved &c adj.; flex, bend, curve, incurvate†; inflect; deflect, scatter [Phys.]; refract (light) 420; crook; turn, round, arch, arcuate, arch over, concamerate†; bow, curl, recurve, frizzle. rotundity &c 249; convexity &c 250. Adj. curved &c v.; curviform†, curvilineal†, curvilinear; devex†, devious; recurved, recurvous†; crump†; bowed &c v.; vaulted, hooked; falciform†, falcated†; semicircular, crescentic; sinusoid [Geom.], parabolic, paraboloid; luniform†, lunular†; semilunar, conchoidal†; helical, double helical, spiral; kinky; cordiform†, cordated†; cardioid; heart shaped, bell shaped, boat shaped, crescent shaped, lens shaped, moon shaped, oar shaped, shield shaped, sickle shaped, tongue shaped, pear shaped, fig shaped; kidney-shaped, reniform; lentiform†, lenticular; bow-legged &c (distorted) 243; oblique &c 217; circular &c 247. aduncated†, arclike†, arcuate, arched, beaked; bicorn†, bicornuous†, bicornute†; clypeate†, clypeiform†; cymbiform†, embowed†, galeiform†; hamate†, hamiform†, hamous†; hooked; linguiform†, lingulate†; lobiform†, lunate, navicular†, peltate†, remiform†, rhamphoid†; rostrate†, rostriferous†, rostroid†; scutate†, scaphoid†, uncate†; unguiculate†, unguiform†.

246. Straightness — N. straightness, rectilinearity†, directness; inflexibility &c (stiffness) 323; straight line, right line, direct line; short cut. V. be straight &c adj.; have no turning; not incline to either side, not bend to either side, not turn to either side, not deviate to either side; go straight; steer for &c (directions) 278. render straight, straighten, rectify; set straight, put straight; unbend, unfold, uncurl &c 248, unravel &c 219, unwrap. Adj. straight; rectilinear, rectilineal†; direct, even, right, true, in a line; unbent, virgate† &c v.; undeviating, unturned, undistorted, unswerving; straight as an arrow &c (direct) 278; inflexible &c 323. laser-straight; ramrod-straight.

247. [Simple circularity.] Circularity — N. circularity, roundness; rotundity &c 249. circle, circlet, ring, areola, hoop, roundlet†, annulus, annulet†, bracelet, armlet; ringlet; eye, loop, wheel; cycle, orb, orbit, rundle, zone, belt, cordon, band; contrate wheel†, crown wheel; hub; nave; sash, girdle, cestus†, cincture, baldric, fillet, fascia, wreath, garland; crown, corona, coronet, chaplet, snood, necklace, collar; noose, lasso, lassoo†. ellipse, oval, ovule; ellipsoid, cycloid; epicycloid [Geom.], epicycle; semicircle; quadrant, sextant, sector. sphere &c 249. V. make round &c adj.; round. go round; encircle &c 227; describe a circle &c 311. Adj. round, rounded, circular, annular, orbicular; oval, ovate; elliptic, elliptical; egg-shaped; pear-shaped &c 245; cycloidal &c n.†; spherical &c 249. Phr. I watched the little circles die [Tennyson].

248. [Complex curvature.] Convolution — N. winding &c v.; convolution, involution, circumvolution; wave, undulation, tortuosity, anfractuosity†; sinuosity, sinuation†; meandering, circuit, circumbendibus†, twist, twirl, windings and turnings, ambages†; torsion; inosculation†; reticulation &c (crossing) 219; rivulation†; roughness &c 256. coil, roll, curl; buckle, spiral, helix, corkscrew, worm, volute, rundle; tendril; scollop†, scallop, escalop†; kink; ammonite, snakestone†. serpent, eel, maze, labyrinth. knot. V. be convoluted &c adj.; wind, twine, turn and twist, twirl; wave, undulate, meander; inosculate†; entwine, intwine†; twist, coil, roll; wrinkle, curl, crisp, twill; frizzle; crimp, crape, indent, scollop†, scallop, wring, intort†; contort; wreathe &c (cross) 219. Adj. convoluted; winding, twisted &c v.; tortile†, tortive†; wavy; undated, undulatory; circling, snaky, snake-like, serpentine; serpent, anguill†, vermiform; vermicular; mazy, tortuous, sinuous, flexuous, anfractuous†, reclivate†, rivulose†, scolecoid†; sigmoid, sigmoidal [Geom.]; spiriferous†, spiroid†; involved, intricate, complicated, perplexed; labyrinth, labyrinthic†, labyrinthian†, labyrinthine; peristaltic; daedalian†; kinky, knotted. wreathy†, frizzly, crepe, buckled; raveled &c (in disorder) 59. spiral, coiled, helical; cochleate, cochleous; screw-shaped; turbinated, turbiniform†. Adv. in and out, round and round; a can of worms; Gordian knot.

249. Rotundity — N. rotundity; roundness &c adj.; cylindricity†; sphericity, spheroidity†; globosity†. cylinder, cylindroid†, cylindrical; barrel, drum; roll, roller; rouleau†, column, rolling-pin, rundle. cone, conoid†; pear shape, egg shape, bell shape. sphere, globe, ball, boulder, bowlder†; spheroid, ellipsoid; oblong spheroid; oblate spheroid, prolate spheroid; drop, spherule, globule, vesicle, bulb, bullet, pellet, pelote†, clew, pill, marble, pea, knob, pommel, horn; knot (convolution) 248. curved surface, hypersphere; hyperdimensional surface. V. render spherical &c adj.; form into a sphere, sphere, roll into a ball; give rotundity &c n.; round. Adj. rotund; round &c (circular) 247; cylindric, cylindrical, cylindroid†; columnar, lumbriciform†; conic, conical; spherical, spheroidal; globular, globated†, globous†, globose; egg shaped, bell shaped, pear shaped; ovoid, oviform; gibbous; rixiform†; campaniform†, campanulate†, campaniliform†; fungiform†, bead-like, moniliform†, pyriform†, bulbous; tres atque rotundus [Lat.]; round as an orange, round as an apple, round as a ball, round as a billiard ball, round as a cannon ball.

3. SUPERFICIAL FORM

250. Convexity — N. convexity, prominence, projection, swelling, gibbosity†, bilge, bulge, protuberance, protrusion; camber, cahot [U.S.]. thank-ye-ma'am [U.S.]. swell. intumescence; tumour [Brit.], tumor; tubercle, tuberosity [Anat.]; excrescence; hump, hunch, bunch. boss, embossment, hub, hubble; [convex body parts] tooth [U.S.], knob, elbow, process, apophysis†, condyle, bulb, node, nodule, nodosity†, tongue, dorsum, bump, clump; sugar loaf &c (sharpness) 253; bow; mamelon†; molar; belly, corporation†, pot belly, gut [Coll.]; withers, back, shoulder, lip, flange. [convexities on skin] pimple, zit [Slang]; wen, wheel, papula [Med.], pustule, pock, proud flesh, growth, sarcoma, caruncle†, corn, wart, pappiloma, furuncle, polypus†, fungus, fungosity†, exostosis†, bleb, blister, blain†; boil &c (disease) 655; airbubble†, blob, papule, verruca. [convex body parts on chest] papilla, nipple, teat, tit [Vulg.], titty [Vulg.], boob [Vulg.], knocker [Vulg.], pap, breast, dug, mammilla†. [prominent convexity on the face] proboscis, nose, neb, beak, snout, nozzle, schnoz [Coll.]. peg, button, stud, ridge, rib, jutty, trunnion, snag. cupola, dome, arch, balcony, eaves; pilaster. relief, relievo [It], cameo; bassorilievo†, mezzorilevo†, altorivievo; low relief, bas relief [Fr.], high relief. hill &c (height) 206; cape, promontory, mull; forehead, foreland†; point of land, mole, jetty, hummock, ledge, spur; naze†, ness. V. be prominent &c adj.; project, bulge, protrude, pout, bouge [Fr.], bunch; jut out, stand out, stick out, poke out; stick up, bristle up, start up, cock up, shoot up; swell over, hang over, bend over; beetle. render prominent &c adj.; raise 307; emboss, chase. [become convex] belly out. Adj. convex, prominent, protuberant, projecting &c v.; bossed, embossed, bossy, nodular, bunchy; clavate, clavated†, claviform; hummocky†, moutonne†, mammiliform†; papulous†, papilose†; hemispheric, bulbous; bowed, arched; bold; bellied; tuberous, tuberculous; tumous†; cornute†, odontoid†; lentiform†, lenticular; gibbous; club shaped, hubby [U.S.], hubbly [U.S.], knobby, papillose, saddle-shaped, selliform†, subclavate†, torose†, ventricose†, verrucose†. salient, in relief, raised, repousse; bloated &c, (expanded) 194.

251. Flatness — N. flatness &c adj.; smoothness &c 255. plane; level &c 213; plate, platter, table, tablet, slab. V. render flat, flatten; level &c 213. Adj. flat, plane, even, flush, scutiform†, discoid; level &c (horizontal) 213; flat as a pancake, flat as a fluke, flat as a flounder, flat as a board, flat as my hand.

252. Concavity — N. concavity, depression, dip; hollow, hollowness; indentation, intaglio, cavity, dent, dint, dimple, follicle, pit, sinus, alveolus†, lacuna; excavation, strip mine; trough &c (furrow) 259; honeycomb. cup, basin, crater, punch bowl; cell &c (receptacle) 191; socket. valley, vale, dale, dell, dingle, combe†, bottom, slade†, strath†, glade, grove, glen, cave, cavern, cove; grot†, grotto; alcove, cul-de- sac; gully &c 198; arch &c (curve) 245; bay &c (of the sea) 343. excavator, sapper, miner. honeycomb (sponge) 252.1. V. be concave &c adj.; retire, cave in. render concave &c adj.; depress, hollow; scoop, scoop out; gouge, gouge out, dig, delve, excavate, dent, dint, mine, sap, undermine, burrow, tunnel, stave in. Adj. depressed &c v.; alveolate†, calathiform†, cup-shaped, dishing; favaginous†, faveolate†, favose†; scyphiform†, scyphose†; concave, hollow, stove in; retiring; retreating; cavernous; porous &c (with holes) 260; infundibul†, infundibular†, infundibuliform†; funnel shaped, bell shaped; campaniform†, capsular; vaulted, arched.

252a Sponge — N. sponge, honeycomb, network; frit [Chem], filter. sieve, net, screen (opening) 260. Adj. cellular, spongy, spongious†; honeycombed, alveolar; sintered; porous (opening) 260.

253. Sharpness — N. sharpness &c adj.; acuity, acumination†; spinosity†. point, spike, spine, spicule [Biol.], spiculum†; needle, hypodermic needle, tack, nail, pin; prick, prickle; spur, rowel, barb; spit, cusp; horn, antler; snag; tag thorn, bristle; Adam's needle†, bear grass [U.S.], tine, yucca. nib, tooth, tusk; spoke, cog, ratchet. crag, crest, arete [Fr.], cone peak, sugar loaf, pike, aiguille†; spire, pyramid, steeple. beard, chevaux de frise [Fr.], porcupine, hedgehog, brier, bramble, thistle; comb; awn, beggar's lice, bur, burr, catchweed†, cleavers, clivers†, goose, grass, hairif†, hariff, flax comb, hackle, hatchel†, heckle. wedge; knife edge, cutting edge; blade, edge tool, cutlery, knife, penknife, whittle, razor, razor blade, safety razor, straight razor, electric razor; scalpel; bistoury†, lancet; plowshare, coulter, colter†; hatchet, ax, pickax, mattock, pick, adze, gill; billhook, cleaver, cutter; scythe, sickle; scissors, shears, pruning shears, cutters, wire cutters, nail clipper, paper cutter; sword &c (arms) 727; bodkin &c (perforator) 262; belduque†, bowie knife†, paring knife; bushwhacker [U.S.]; drawing knife, drawing shave; microtome [Micro.]; chisel, screwdriver blade; flint blade; guillotine. sharpener, hone, strop; grindstone, whetstone; novaculite†; steel, emery. V. be sharp &c adj.; taper to a point; bristle with. render sharp &c adj.; sharpen, point, aculeate, whet, barb, spiculate†, set, strop, grind; chip (flint). cut &c (sunder) 44. Adj. sharp, keen; acute; acicular, aciform†; aculeated†, acuminated†; pointed; tapering; conical, pyramidal; mucronate†, mucronated†; spindle shaped, needle shaped; spiked, spiky, ensiform†, peaked, salient; cusped, cuspidate, cuspidated†; cornute†, cornuted†, cornicultate†; prickly; spiny, spinous†, spicular; thorny, bristling, muricated†, pectinated†, studded, thistly, briary†; craggy &c (rough) 256; snaggy, digitated†, two-edged, fusiform [Micro.]; dentiform†, denticulated; toothed; odontoid†; starlike; stellated†, stelliform†; sagittate†, sagittiform†; arrowheaded†; arrowy†, barbed, spurred. acinaciform; apiculate†, apiculated†; aristate†, awned, awny†, bearded, calamiform†, cone-shaped, coniform†, crestate†, echinate†, gladiate†; lanceolate†, lanciform; awl, awl-shaped, lance-shaped, awl- shaped, scimitar-shaped, sword-shaped; setarious†, spinuliferous†, subulate†, tetrahedral, xiphoid†. cutting; sharp edged, knife edged; sharp as a razor, keen as a razor; sharp as a needle, sharp as a tack; sharpened &c v.; set

254. Bluntness — N. bluntness &c adj.. V. be blunt, render blunt &c adj.; obtund†, dull; take off the point, take off the edge; turn. Adj. blunt, obtuse, dull, bluff; edentate, toothless.

255. Smoothness — N. smoothness &c adj.; polish, gloss; lubricity, lubrication. [smooth materials] down, velvet, velure, silk, satin; velveteen, velour, velours, velumen†; glass, ice. slide; bowling green &c (level) 213; asphalt, wood pavement, flagstone, flags. [objects used to smooth other objects] roller, steam roller, lawn roller, rolling pin, rolling mill; sand paper, emery paper, emery cloth, sander; flat iron, sad iron; burnisher, turpentine and beeswax; polish, shoe polish. [art of cutting and polishing gemstones] lapidary. [person who polishes gemstones] lapidary, lapidarian. V. smooth, smoothen†; plane; file; mow, shave; level, roll; macadamize; polish, burnish, calender†, glaze; iron, hot-press, mangle; lubricate &c (oil) 332. Adj. smooth; polished &c v.; leiodermatous†, slick, velutinous†; even; level &c 213; plane &c (flat) 251; sleek, glossy; silken, silky; lanate†, downy, velvety; glabrous, slippery, glassy, lubricous, oily, soft, unwrinkled†; smooth as glass, smooth as ice, smooth as monumental alabaster, smooth as velvet, smooth as oil; slippery as an eel; woolly &c (feathery) 256. Phr. smooth as silk; slippery as coonshit on a pump handle; slippery as a greased pig.

256. Roughness — N. roughness &c adj.; tooth, grain, texture, ripple; asperity, rugosity†, salebrosity†, corrugation, nodosity†; arborescence† &c 242; pilosity†. brush, hair, beard, shag, mane, whisker, moustache, imperial, tress, lock, curl, ringlet; fimbriae, pili, cilia, villi; lovelock; beaucatcher†; curl paper; goatee; papillote, scalp lock. plumage, plumosity†; plume, panache, crest; feather, tuft, fringe, toupee. wool, velvet, plush, nap, pile, floss, fur, down; byssus†, moss, bur; fluff. knot (convolution) 248. V. be rough &c adj.; go against the grain. render-rough &c adj.; roughen, ruffle, crisp, crumple, corrugate, set on edge, stroke the wrong way, rumple. Adj. rough, uneven, scabrous, scaly, knotted; rugged, rugose†, rugous†; knurly†; asperous†, crisp, salebrous†, gnarled, unpolished, unsmooth†, roughhewn†; craggy, cragged; crankling†, scraggy; prickly &c (sharp) 253; arborescent &c 242 [Obs.]; leafy, well-wooded; feathery; plumose, plumigerous†; laciniate†, laciniform†, laciniose†; pappose†; pileous†, pilose†; trichogenous†, trichoid [Med.]; tufted, fimbriated, hairy, ciliated, filamentous, hirsute; crinose†, crinite†; bushy, hispid, villous, pappous†, bearded, pilous†, shaggy, shagged; fringed, befringed†; setous†, setose†, setaceous; like quills upon the fretful porcupine [Hamlet]; rough as a nutmeg grater, rough as a bear. downy, velvety, flocculent, woolly; lanate†, lanated†; lanuginous†, lanuginose†; tomentose†; fluffy. Adv. against the grain. Phr. cabello luengo y corto el seso [Sp.].

257. Notch — N. notch, dent, nick, cut; indent, indentation; dimple. embrasure, battlement, machicolation†; saw, tooth, crenelle†, scallop, scollop†, vandyke; depression; jag. V. notch, nick, cut, dent, indent, jag, scarify, scotch, crimp, scallop, scollop†, crenulate†, vandyke. Adj. notched &c v.; crenate†, crenated†; dentate, dentated; denticulate, denticulated; toothed, palmated†, serrated.

258. Fold — N. fold, plicature†, plait, pleat, ply, crease; tuck, gather; flexion, flexure, joint, elbow, double, doubling, duplicature†, gather, wrinkle, rimple†, crinkle, crankle†, crumple, rumple, rivel†, ruck†, ruffle, dog's ear, corrugation, frounce†, flounce, lapel; pucker, crow's feet; plication†. V. fold, double, plicate†, plait, crease, wrinkle, crinkle, crankle†, curl, cockle up, cocker, rimple†, rumple, flute, frizzle, frounce†, rivel†, twill, corrugate, ruffle, crimple†, crumple, pucker; turn down, double down, down under; tuck, ruck†, hem, gather. Adj. folded, fluted, pleated &c v..

259. Furrow — N. furrow, groove, rut, sulcus [Anat.], scratch, streak, striae, crack, score, incision, slit; chamfer, fluting; corduroy road, cradle hole. channel, gutter, trench, ditch, dike, dyke; moat, fosse†, trough, kennel; ravine &c (interval) 198; tajo [U.S.], thank-ye-ma'am [U.S.]. V. furrow &c n.; flute, plow; incise, engrave, etch, bite in. Adj. furrowed &c v.; ribbed, striated, sulcated [Anat.], fluted, canaliculated†; bisulcous†, bisulcate†, bisulcated†; canaliferous†; trisulcate†; corduroy; unisulcate†; costate†, rimiform†.