Part 15

325. Elasticity — N. elasticity, springiness, spring, resilience, renitency, buoyancy. rubber, India rubber, Indian rubber, latex, caoutchouc, whalebone, gum elastic, baleen, natural rubber; neoprene, synthetic rubber, Buna- S, plastic. flexibility, Young's modulus. V. stretch, flex, extend, distend, be elastic &c adj.; bounce, spring back &c (recoil) 277. Adj. elastic, flexible, tensile, spring, resilient, renitent, buoyant; ductile, stretchable, extendable. Phr. the stress is proportional to the strain.

326. Inelasticity — N. want of elasticity, absence of elasticity &c 325; inelasticity &c (softness) 324, Adj. unyielding, inelastic, inflexible &c (soft) 324; irresilient†.

327. Tenacity — N. {ant. 328} tenacity, toughness, strength; (cohesion) 46; grip, grasp, stickiness, (cohesion) 46; sequacity†; stubbornness &c (obstinacy);; glue, cement, glutinousness†, sequaciousness†, viscidity, (semiliquidity) 352. leather; white leather, whitleather†; gristle, cartilage. unbreakability, tensile strength. V. be tenacious &c adj.; resist fracture. grip, grasp, stick (cohesion) 46. Adj. tenacious, tough, strong, resisting, sequacious†, stringy, gristly cartilaginous, leathery, coriaceous†, tough as whitleather†; stubborn &c (obstinate) 606. unbreakable, indivisible; atomic.

328. Brittleness — N. {ant. 327} brittleness &c adj.; fragility, friability, frangibility, fissibility†; house of cards, house of glass. V. be brittle &c adj.; live in a glass house. break, crack, snap, split, shiver, splinter, crumble, break short, burst, fly, give way; fall to pieces; crumble to, crumble into dust. Adj. brittle, brash [U.S.], breakable, weak, frangible, fragile, frail, gimcrack†, shivery, fissile; splitting &c v.; lacerable†, splintery, crisp, crimp, short, brittle as glass.

329. [Structure.] Texture — N. structure (form) 240, organization, anatomy, frame, mold, fabric, construction; framework, carcass, architecture; stratification, cleavage. substance, stuff, compages†, parenchyma [Biol.]; constitution, staple, organism. [Science of structures] organography†, osteology, myology, splanchnology†, neurology, angiography†, adeology†; angiography†, adenography†. texture, surface texture; intertexture†, contexture†; tissue, grain, web, surface; warp and woof, warp and weft; tooth, nap &c (roughness) 256; flatness (smoothness) 255; fineness of grain; coarseness of grain, dry goods. silk, satin; muslin, burlap. [Science of textures] histology. Adj. structural, organic; anatomic, anatomical. textural, textile; fine grained, coarse grained; fine, delicate, subtile, gossamery, filmy, silky, satiny; coarse; homespun. rough, gritty; smooth. smooth as silk, smooth as satin.

330. Pulverulence — N. powderiness† [State of powder.], pulverulence†; sandiness &c adj.; efflorescence; friability. powder, dust, sand, shingle; sawdust; grit; meal, bran, flour, farina, rice, paddy, spore, sporule†; crumb, seed, grain; particle &c (smallness) 32; limature†, filings, debris, detritus, tailings, talus slope, scobs†, magistery†, fine powder; flocculi [Lat.]. smoke; cloud of dust, cloud of sand, cloud of smoke; puff of smoke, volume of smoke; sand storm, dust storm. [Reduction to powder] pulverization, comminution†, attenuation, granulation, disintegration, subaction†, contusion, trituration [Chem], levigation†, abrasion, detrition, multure†; limitation; tripsis†; filing &c v.. [Instruments for pulverization] mill, arrastra†, gristmill, grater, rasp, file, mortar and pestle, nutmeg grater, teeth, grinder, grindstone, kern†, quern†, koniology†. V. come to dust; be disintegrated, be reduced to powder &c reduce to powder, grind to powder; pulverize, comminute, granulate, triturate, levigate†; scrape, file, abrade, rub down, grind, grate, rasp, pound, bray, bruise; contuse, contund†; beat, crush, cranch†, craunch†, crunch, scranch†, crumble, disintegrate; attenuate &c 195. Adj. powdery, pulverulent†, granular, mealy, floury, farinaceous, branny†, furfuraceous†, flocculent, dusty, sandy, sabulous†, psammous†; arenose†, arenarious†, arenaceous†; gritty, efflorescent, impalpable; lentiginous†, lepidote†, sabuline†; sporaceous†, sporous†. pulverizable; friable, crumbly, shivery; pulverized &c v.; attrite†; in pieces.

331. Friction — N. friction, attrition; rubbing, abrasion, scraping &c v.; confrication†, detrition, contrition†, affriction†, abrasion, arrosion†, limature†, frication†, rub; elbow grease; rosin; massage; roughness &c 256. rolling friction, sliding friction, starting friction. V. rub, scratch, scrape, scrub, slide, fray, rasp, graze, curry, scour, polish, rub out, wear down, gnaw; file, grind &c (reduce to powder) 330. set one's teeth on edge; rosin. Adj. anatriptic†; attrite†.

332. [Absence of friction. Prevention of friction.] Lubrication — N. smoothness &c 255; unctuousness &c 355. lubrication, lubrification†; anointment; oiling &c v.. synovia [Anat.]; glycerine, oil, lubricating oil, grease &c 356; saliva; lather. teflon. V. lubricate, lubricitate†; oil, grease, lather, soap; wax. Adj. lubricated &c v.; lubricous.

2. FLUID MATTER 1. Fluids in General

333. Fluidity — N. fluidity, liquidity; liquidness &c adj.†; gaseity &c 334 [Obs.]. fluid, inelastic fluid; liquid, liquor; lymph, humor, juice, sap, serum, blood, serosity†, gravy, rheum, ichor†, sanies†; chyle [Med.]. solubility, solubleness†. [Science of liquids at rest] hydrology, hydrostatics, hydrodynamics. V. be fluid &c adj.; flow &c (water in motion) 348; liquefy, melt, condense &c 335. Adj. liquid, fluid, serous, juicy, succulent, sappy; ichorous†; fluent &c (flowing) 348. liquefied &c 335; uncongealed; soluble.

334. Gaseity — N. gaseity†; vaporousness &c adj.; flatulence, flatulency; volatility; aeration, aerification. elastic fluid, gas, air, vapor, ether, steam, essence, fume, reek, effluvium, flatus; cloud &c 353; ammonia, ammoniacal gas†; volatile alkali; vacuum, partial vacuum. [Science of elastic fluids] pneumatics, pneumatostatics†; aerostatics†, aerodynamics. gasmeter†, gasometer†; air bladder, swimming bladder, sound, (of a fish). V. vaporize, evaporate, evanesce, gasify, emit vapor &c 336; diffuse. Adj. gaseous, aeriform†, ethereal, aerial, airy, vaporous, volatile, evaporable†, flatulent.

335. Liquefaction — N. liquefaction; liquescence†, liquescency†; melting &c (heat) 384; colliquation†, colliquefaction†; thaw; liquation†, deliquation†, deliquescence; lixiviation†, dissolution. solution, apozem†, lixivium†, infusion, flux. solvent, menstruum, alkahest†. V. render liquid &c 333; liquefy, run; deliquesce; melt &c (heat) 384; solve; dissolve, resolve; liquate†; hold in solution; condense, precipitate, rain. Adj. liquefied &c v., liquescent, liquefiable; deliquescent, soluble, colliquative†.

336. Vaporization — N. vaporization, volatilization; gasification, evaporation, vaporation†; distillation, cupellation [Chem], cohobation, sublimination†, exhalation; volatility. vaporizer, still, retort; fumigation, steaming; bay salt, chloride of sodium†. mister, spray. bubble, effervescence.' V. render gaseous &c 334; vaporize, volatilize; distill, sublime; evaporate, exhale, smoke, transpire, emit vapor, fume, reek, steam, fumigate; cohobate†; finestill†. bubble, sparge, effervesce, boil. Adj. volatilized &c v.; reeking &c v.; volatile; evaporable†, vaporizable. bubbly, effervescent, boiling. 2. Specific Fluids

337. Water — N. water; serum, serosity†; lymph; rheum; diluent; agua [Sp.], aqua, pani†. dilution, maceration, lotion; washing &c v.; immersion†, humectation†, infiltration, spargefaction†, affusion†, irrigation, douche, balneation†, bath. deluge &c (water in motion) 348; high water, flood tide. V. be watery &c adj.; reek. add water, water, wet; moisten &c 339; dilute, dip, immerse; merge; immerge, submerge; plunge, souse, duck, drown; soak, steep, macerate, pickle, wash, sprinkle, lave, bathe, affuse†, splash, swash, douse, drench; dabble, slop, slobber, irrigate, inundate, deluge; syringe, inject, gargle. Adj. watery, aqueous, aquatic, hydrous, lymphatic; balneal†, diluent; drenching &c v.; diluted &c v.; weak; wet &c (moist) 339. Phr. the waters are out.

338. Air — N. air &c (gas) 334; common air, atmospheric air; atmosphere; aerosphere†. open air; sky, welkin; blue sky; cloud &c 353. weather, climate, rise and fall of the barometer, isobar. [Science of air] aerology, aerometry†, aeroscopy†, aeroscopy†, aerography†; meteorology, climatology; pneumatics; eudioscope†, baroscope†, aeroscope†, eudiometer†, barometer, aerometer†; aneroid, baroscope†; weather gauge, weather glass, weather cock. exposure to the air, exposure to the weather; ventilation; aerostation†, aeronautics, aeronaut. V. air, ventilate, fan &c (wind) 349. Adj. containing air, flatulent, effervescent; windy &c 349. atmospheric, airy; aerial, aeriform†; meteorological; weatherwise†. Adv. in the open air, a la belle etoile [Fr.], al fresco; sub jove dio [Lat.].

339. Moisture — N. moisture; moistness &c adj.; humidity, humectation†; madefaction†, dew; serein†; marsh &c 345; hygrometry, hygrometer. V. moisten, wet; humect†, humectate†; sponge, damp, bedew; imbue, imbrue, infiltrate, saturate; soak, drench &c (water) 337. be moist &c adj.; not have a dry thread; perspire &c (exude) 295. Adj. moist, damp; watery &c 337; madid†, roric†; undried†, humid, sultry, wet, dank, luggy†, dewy; roral†, rorid†; roscid†; juicy. wringing wet, soaking wet; wet through to the skin; saturated &c v.. swashy†, soggy, dabbled; reeking, dripping, soaking, soft, sodden, sloppy, muddy; swampy &c (marshy) 345; irriguous†.

340. Dryness — N. dryness &c adj.; siccity†, aridity, drought, ebb tide, low water. exsiccation†, desiccation; arefaction†, dephlegmation†, drainage; drier. [chemical subs. which renders dry] desiccative, dessicator. [device to render dry] dessicator; hair drier, clothes drier, gas drier, electric drier; vacuum oven, drying oven, kiln; lyophilizer. clothesline. V. be dry &c adj.. render dry &c adj.; dry; dry up, soak up; sponge, swab, wipe; drain. desiccate, dehydrate, exsiccate†; parch. kiln dry; vacuum dry, blow dry, oven dry; hang out to dry. mummify. be fine, hold up. Adj. dry, anhydrous, arid; adust†, arescent†; dried &c v.; undamped; juiceless†, sapless; sear; husky; rainless, without rain, fine; dry as a bone, dry as dust, dry as a stick, dry as a mummy, dry as a biscuit. water proof, water tight. dehydrated, dessicated.

341. Ocean — N. sea, ocean, main, deep, brine, salt water, waves, billows, high seas, offing, great waters, watery waste, vasty deep; wave, tide, &c (water in motion) 348. hydrography, hydrographer; Neptune, Poseidon, Thetis, Triton, Naiad, Nereid; sea nymph, Siren; trident, dolphin. Adj. oceanic; marine, maritime; pelagic, pelagian; seagoing; hydrographic; bathybic†, cotidal†. Adv. at sea, on sea; afloat.

342. Land — N. land, earth, ground, dry land, terra firma. continent, mainland, peninsula, chersonese [Fr.], delta; tongue of land, neck of land; isthmus, oasis; promontory &c (projection) 250; highland &c (height) 206. coast, shore, scar, strand, beach; playa; bank, lea; seaboard, seaside, seabank†, seacoast, seabeach†; ironbound coast; loom of the land; derelict; innings; alluvium, alluvion†; ancon. riverbank, river bank, levee. soil, glebe, clay, loam, marl, cledge†, chalk, gravel, mold, subsoil, clod, clot; rock, crag. acres; real estate &c (property) 780; landsman†. V. land, come to land, set foot on the soil, set foot on dry land; come ashore, go ashore, debark. Adj. earthy, continental, midland, coastal, littoral, riparian; alluvial; terrene &c (world) 318; landed, predial†, territorial; geophilous†; ripicolous. Adv. ashore; on shore, on land.

343. Gulf. Lake — N. land covered with water, gulf, gulph†, bay, inlet, bight, estuary, arm of the sea, bayou [U.S.], fiord, armlet; frith†, firth, ostiary†, mouth; lagune†, lagoon; indraught†; cove, creek; natural harbor; roads; strait; narrows; Euripus; sound, belt, gut, kyles†; continental slope, continental shelf. lake, loch, lough†, mere, tarn, plash, broad, pond, pool, lin†, puddle, slab, well, artesian well; standing water, dead water, sheet of water; fish pond, mill pond; ditch, dike, dyke, dam; reservoir &c (store) 636; alberca†, barachois†, hog wallow [U.S.]. Adj. lacustrine†.

344. Plain — N. plain, table-land, face of the country; open country, champaign country†; basin, downs, waste, weary waste, desert, wild, steppe, pampas, savanna, prairie, heath, common, wold†, veldt; moor, moorland; bush; plateau &c (level) 213; campagna†; alkali flat, llano; mesa, mesilla [U.S.], playa; shaking prairie, trembling prairie; vega [Sp.]. meadow, mead, haugh†, pasturage, park, field, lawn, green, plat, plot, grassplat†, greensward, sward, turf, sod, heather; lea, ley, lay; grounds; maidan†, agostadero†. Adj. champaign†, alluvial; campestral†, campestrial†, campestrian†, campestrine†.

345. Marsh — N. marsh, swamp, morass, marish†, moss, fen, bog, quagmire, slough, sump, wash; mud, squash, slush; baygall [U.S.], cienaga†, jhil†, vlei†. Adj. marsh, marshy; swampy, boggy, plashy†, poachy†, quaggy†, soft; muddy, sloppy, squashy; paludal†; moorish, moory; fenny.

346. Island — N. island, isle, islet, eyot†, ait†, holf†, reef, atoll, breaker; archipelago; islander. Adj. insular, seagirt; archipelagic†. 3. Fluids in Motion

347. [Fluid in motion.] Stream — N. stream &c (of water) 348, (of air) 349. flowmeter. V. flow &c 348; blow &c 349.

348. [Water in motion.] River — N. running water. jet, spirt†, spurt, squirt, spout, spray, splash, rush, gush, jet d'eau [Fr.]; sluice. water spout, water fall; cascade, force, foss†; lin†, linn†; ghyll†, Niagara; cataract, rapids, white water, catadupe†, cataclysm; debacle, inundation, deluge; chute, washout. rain, rainfall; serein†; shower, scud; downpour; driving rain, drenching rain, cloudburst; hyetology†, hyetography†; predominance of Aquarius†, reign of St. Swithin; mizzle†, drizzle, stillicidum†, plash; dropping &c v.; falling weather; northeaster, hurricane, typhoon. stream, course, flux, flow, profluence†; effluence &c (egress) 295; defluxion†; flowing &c v.; current, tide, race, coulee. spring, artesian well, fount, fountain; rill, rivulet, gill, gullet, rillet†; streamlet, brooklet; branch [U.S.]; runnel, sike†, burn, beck, creek, brook, bayou, stream, river; reach, tributary. geyser, spout, waterspout. body of water, torrent, rapids, flush, flood, swash; spring tide, high tide, full tide; bore, tidal bore, eagre†, hygre†; fresh, freshet; indraught†, reflux, undercurrent, eddy, vortex, gurge†, whirlpool, Maelstrom, regurgitation, overflow; confluence, corrivation†. wave, billow, surge, swell, ripple; anerythmon gelasma [Gr.]; beach comber, riffle [U.S.], rollers, ground swell, surf, breakers, white horses, whitecaps; rough sea, heavy sea, high seas, cross sea, long sea, short sea, chopping sea. [Science of fluids in motion] hydrodynamics; hydraulics, hydraulicostatics†; rain gauge, flowmeter; pegology†. irrigation &c (water) 337; pump; watering pot, watering cart; hydrant, syringe; garden hose, lawn spray; bhisti†, mussuk†. V. flow, run; meander; gush, pour, spout, roll, jet, well, issue; drop, drip, dribble, plash, spirtle†, trill, trickle, distill, percolate; stream, overflow, inundate, deluge, flow over, splash, swash; guggle†, murmur, babble, bubble, purl, gurgle, sputter, spurt, spray, regurgitate; ooze, flow out &c (egress) 295. rain hard, rain in torrents, rain cats and dogs, rain pitchforks; pour with rain, drizzle, spit, set in; mizzle†. flow into, fall into, open into, drain into; discharge itself, disembogue†. [Cause a flow] pour; pour out &c (discharge) 297; shower down, irrigate, drench &c (wet) 337; spill, splash. [Stop a flow] stanch; dam, up &c (close) 261; obstruct &c 706. Adj. fluent; diffluent†, profluent†, affluent; tidal; flowing &c v.; meandering, meandry†, meandrous†; fluvial, fluviatile; streamy†, showery, rainy, pluvial, stillicidous†; stillatitious†. Phr. for men may come and men may go but I go on forever [Tennyson]; that old man river, he just keeps rolling along [Showboat].

349. [Air in motion] Wind — N. wind, draught, flatus, afflatus, efflation†, eluvium†; air; breath, breath of air; puff, whiff, zephyr; blow, breeze, drift; aura; stream, current, jet stream; undercurrent. gust, blast, squall, gale, half a gale, storm, tempest, hurricane, whirlwind, tornado, samiel, cyclone, anticyclone, typhoon; simoon†, simoom; harmattan†, monsoon, trade wind, sirocco, mistral, bise†, tramontane, levanter; capful of wind; fresh breeze, stiff breeze; keen blast; blizzard, barber [Can.], candelia†, chinook, foehn, khamsin†, norther, vendaval†, wuther†. windiness &c adj.; ventosity†; rough weather, dirty weather, ugly weather, stress of weather; dirty sky, mare's tail; thick squall, black squall, white squall. anemography†, aerodynamics; wind gauge, weathercock, vane, weather- vane, wind sock; anemometer, anemoscope†. sufflation†, insufflation†, perflation†, inflation, afflation†; blowing, fanning &c v.; ventilation. sneezing &c v.; errhine†; sternutative†, sternutatory†; sternutation; hiccup, hiccough; catching of the breath. Eolus, Boreas, Zephyr, cave of Eolus. air pump, air blower, lungs, bellows, blowpipe, fan, ventilator, punkah†; branchiae†, gills, flabellum†, vertilabrum†. whiffle ball. V. blow, waft; blow hard, blow great guns, blow a hurricane &c n.; wuther†; stream, issue. respire, breathe, puff; whiff, whiffle; gasp, wheeze; snuff, snuffle; sniff, sniffle; sneeze, cough. fan, ventilate; inflate, perflate†; blow up. Adj. blowing &c v.; windy, flatulent; breezy, gusty, squally; stormy, tempestuous, blustering; boisterous &c (violent) 173. pulmonic [Med.], pulmonary. Phr. lull'd by soft zephyrs [Pope]; the storm is up and all is on the hazard [Julius Caesar]; the winds were wither'd in the stagnant air [Byron]; while mocking winds are piping loud [Milton]; winged with red lightning and tempestuous rage [Paradise Lost].

350. [Channel for the passage of water.] Conduit — N. conduit, channel, duct, watercourse, race; head race, tail race; abito†, aboideau†, aboiteau [Fr.], bito†; acequia†, acequiador†, acequiamadre†; arroyo; adit†, aqueduct, canal, trough, gutter, pantile; flume, ingate†, runner; lock-weir, tedge†; vena†; dike, main, gully, moat, ditch, drain, sewer, culvert, cloaca, sough, kennel, siphon; piscina†; pipe &c (tube) 260; funnel; tunnel &c (passage) 627; water pipe, waste pipe; emunctory†, gully hole, artery, aorta, pore, spout, scupper; adjutage†, ajutage†; hose; gargoyle; gurgoyle†; penstock, weir; flood gate, water gate; sluice, lock, valve; rose; waterworks. pipeline. Adj. vascular &c (with holes) 260.

351. [Channel for the passage of air.] Airpipe — N. air pipe, air tube; airhole†, blowhole, breathinghole†, venthole; shaft, flue, chimney, funnel, vent, nostril, nozzle, throat, weasand†, trachea; bronchus, bronchia [Med.]; larynx, tonsils, windpipe, spiracle; ventiduct†, ventilator; louvre, jalousie, Venetian blinds; blowpipe &c (wind) 349; pipe &c (tube) 260; jhilmil†; smokestack. screen, window screen.' artificial lung, iron lung, heart and lung machine.

3. IMPERFECT FLUIDS

352. Semiliquidity — N. semiliquidity; stickiness &c adj.; viscidity, viscosity; gummosity†, glutinosity†, mucosity†; spissitude†, crassitude†; lentor†; adhesiveness &c (cohesion) 46. inspissation†, incrassation†; thickening. jelly, mucilage, gelatin, gluten; carlock†, fish glue; ichthyocol†, ichthycolla†; isinglass; mucus, phlegm, goo; pituite†, lava; glair†, starch, gluten, albumen, milk, cream, protein†; treacle; gum, size, glue (tenacity) 327; wax, beeswax. emulsion, soup; squash, mud, slush, slime, ooze; moisture &c 339; marsh &c 345. V. inspissate†, incrassate†; thicken, mash, squash, churn, beat up. sinter. Adj. semifluid, semiliquid; tremellose†; half melted, half frozen; milky, muddy &c n.; lacteal, lactean†, lacteous†, lactescent†, lactiferous†; emulsive, curdled, thick, succulent, uliginous†. gelatinous, albuminous, mucilaginous, glutinous; glutenous, gelatin, mastic, amylaceous†, ropy, clammy, clotted; viscid, viscous; sticky, tacky, gooey; slab, slabby†; lentous†, pituitous†; mucid†, muculent†, mucous; gummy.

353. [Mixture of air and water.] Bubble [Cloud.] — N. bubble, foam, froth, head, spume, lather, suds, spray, surf, yeast, barm†, spindrift. cloud, vapor, fog, mist, haze, steam, geyser; scud, messenger, rack, nimbus; cumulus, woolpack†, cirrus, stratus; cirrostratus, cumulostratus; cirrocumulus; mackerel sky, mare's tale, dirty sky; curl cloud; frost smoke; thunderhead. [Science of clouds] nephelognosy†; nephograph†, nephology†. effervescence, fermentation; bubbling &c v.. nebula; cloudliness &c (opacity) 426 [Obs.]; nebulosity &c (dimness) 422. V. bubble, boil, foam, froth, mantle, sparkle, guggle†, gurgle; effervesce, ferment, fizzle. Adj. bubbling &c v.; frothy, nappy†, effervescent, sparkling, mousseux [Fr.], frothy [Fr.Tr.], up. cloudy &c n.; thunderheaded†; vaporous, nebulous, overcast. Phr. the lowring element scowls o'er the darkened landscip [Paradise Lost].

354. Pulpiness — N. pulpiness &c adj.; pulp, taste, dough, curd, pap, rob, jam, pudding, poultice, grume†. mush, oatmeal, baby food. Adj. pulpy &c n.; pultaceous†, grumous†; baccate†.

355. Unctuousness — N. unctuousness &c adj.; unctuosity†, lubricity; ointment &c (oil) 356; anointment; lubrication &c 332. V. oil &c (lubricate) 332. Adj. unctuous, oily, oleaginous, adipose, sebaceous; unguinous†; fat, fatty, greasy; waxy, butyraceous, soapy, saponaceous†, pinguid, lardaceous†; slippery.

356. Oil — N. oil, fat, butter, cream, grease, tallow, suet, lard, dripping exunge†, blubber; glycerin, stearin, elaine [Chem], oleagine†; soap; soft soap, wax, cerement; paraffin, spermaceti, adipocere†; petroleum, mineral, mineral rock, mineral crystal, mineral oil; vegetable oil, colza oil†, olive oil, salad oil, linseed oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, nut oil; animal oil, neat's foot oil, train oil; ointment, unguent, liniment; aceite†, amole†, Barbados tar†; fusel oil, grain oil, rape oil, seneca oil; hydrate of amyl, ghee†; heating oil, #2 oil, No. 2 oil, distillate, residual oils, kerosene, jet fuel, gasoline, naphtha; stearin.

356a. Resin — N. resin, rosin; gum; lac, sealing wax; amber, ambergris; bitumen, pitch, tar; asphalt, asphaltum; camphor; varnish, copal†, mastic, magilp†, lacquer, japan. artificial resin, polymer; ion-exchange resin, cation-exchange resin, anion exchange resin, water softener, Amberlite†, Dowex [Chem], Diaion. V. varnish &c (overlay) 223. Adj. resiny†, resinous; bituminous, pitchy, tarry; asphaltic, asphaltite.

SECTION III. ORGANIC MATTER

1. VITALITY 1. Vitality in general

357. Organization — N. organized world, organized nature; living nature, animated nature; living beings; organic remains, fossils. protoplasm, cytoplasm, protein; albumen; structure &c 329; organization, organism. [Science of living beings] biology; natural history, organic chemistry, anatomy, physiology; zoology &c 368; botany; microbiology, virology, bacteriology, mycology &c 369; naturalist. archegenesis &c (production) 161 [Obs.]; antherozoid†, bioplasm†, biotaxy†, chromosome, dysmeromorph†; ecology, oecology; erythroblast [Physio.], gametangium†, gamete, germinal matter, invagination [Biol.]; isogamy†, oogamy†; karyaster†; macrogamete†, microgamete†; metabolism, anabolism, catabolism; metaplasm†, ontogeny, ovary, ovum, oxidation, phylogeny, polymorphism, protozoa, spermary†, spermatozoon, trophoplasm†, vacuole, vertebration†, zoogloea†, zygote. Darwinism, neo-Darwinism, Lamarkism, neoLamarkism, Weismannism. morphology, taxonomy. Adj. organic, organized; karyoplasmic†, unsegmentic†, vacuolar, zoogloeic†, zoogloeoid†.

358. Inorganization — N. mineral world, mineral kingdom; unorganized matter, inorganic matter, brute matter, inanimate matter. [Science of the mineral kingdom] mineralogy, geology, geognosy†, geoscopy†; metallurgy, metallography†; lithology; oryctology†, oryctography†. V. turn to dust; mineralize, fossilize. Adj. inorganic, inanimate, inorganized†; lithoidal†; azoic; mineral.

359. Life — N. life, vitality, viability; animation; vital spark, vital flame, soul, spirit. respiration, wind; breath of life, breath of one's nostrils; oxygen, air. [devices to sustain respiration] respirator, artificial respirator, heart and lung machine, iron lung; medical devices &c 662. lifeblood; Archeus†; existence &c 1. vivification; vital force; vitalization; revivification &c 163; Prometheus; life to come &c (destiny) 152. [Science of life] physiology, biology; animal ecology. nourishment, staff of life &c (food) 298. genetics, heredity, inheritance, evolution, natural selection, reproduction (production) 161. microbe, aerobe, anaerobe, facultative anaerobe, obligate aerobe, obligate anaerobe, halophile [Micro.], methanogen [Micro.], archaebacteria [Micro.], microaerophile [Micro.]. animal &c 366; vegetable &c 367. artificial life, robot, robotics, artificial intelligence. [vital signs] breathing, breathing rate, heartbeat, pulse, temperature. preservation of life, healing (medicine) 662. V. be alive &c adj.; live, breathe, respire; subsist &c (exist) 1; walk the earth, strut and fret one's hour upon the stage [Macbeth]; be spared. see the light, be born, come into the world, fetch breath, draw breath, fetch the breath of life, draw the breath of life; quicken; revive; come to life. give birth to &c (produce) 161; bring to life, put into life, vitalize; vivify, vivificate†; reanimate &c (restore) 660; keep alive, keep body and soul together, keep the wolf from the door; support life. hive nine lives like a cat. Adj. living, alive; in life, in the flesh, in the land of the living; on this side of the grave, above ground, breathing, quick, animated; animative†; lively &c (active) 682; all alive and kicking; tenacious of life; full of life, yeasty. vital, vitalic†; vivifying, vivified, &c v.; viable, zoetic†; Promethean. Adv. vivendi causa [Lat.]. Phr. atqui vivere militare est [Lat.] [Seneca]; non est vivere sed valere vita [Lat.] [Marial].