part I

dare not teach. This better path, dear friend, pursue, And let not grief thy soul subdue.”

Sugríva thus with gentle art And sweet words soothed the mourner’s heart, Who brushed off with his mantle’s hem Tears from the eyes bedewed with them. Sugríva’s words were not in vain, And Ráma was himself again, Around the king his arms he threw And thus began his speech anew:

“Whate’er a friend most wise and true, Who counsels for the best, should do, Whate’er his gentle part should be, Has been performed, dear friend, by thee. Taught by thy counsel, O my lord, I feel my native strength restored. A friend like thee is hard to gain, Most rare in time of grief and pain. Now strain thine utmost power to trace The Maithil lady’s dwelling place, And aid me in my search to find Fierce Rávaṇ of the impious mind. Trust thou, in turn, thy loyal friend, And say what aid this arm can lend To speed thy hopes, as fostering rain Quickens in earth the scattered grain. Deem not those words, that seemed to spring From pride, are false, O Vánar King. None from these lips has ever heard, None e’er shall hear, one lying word. Again I promise and declare, Yea, by my truth, dear friend, I swear.”

Then glad was King Sugríva’s breast, And all his lords their joy confessed, Stirred by sure hope of Ráma’s aid, And promise which the prince had made.

## Canto VIII. Ráma’s Promise.

Doubt from Sugríva’s heart had fled, And thus to Raghu’s son he said: “No bliss the Gods of heaven deny. Each views me with a favouring eye, When thou, whom all good gifts attend, Hast sought me and become my friend. Leagued, friend, with thee in bold emprise My arm might win the conquered skies; And shall our banded strength be weak To gain the realm which now I seek? A happy fate was mine above My kith and kin and all I love, When, near the witness fire, I won Thy friendship, Raghu’s glorious son. Thou too in ripening time shall see Thy friend not all unworthy thee. What gifts I have shall thus be shown: Not mine the tongue to make them known. Strong is the changeless bond that binds The friendly faith of noble minds, In woe, in danger, firm and sure Their constancy and love endure. Gold, silver, jewels rich and rare They count as wealth for friends to share. Yea, be they rich or poor and low, Blest with all joys or sunk in woe, Stained with each fault or pure of blame, Their friends the nearest place may claim; For whom they leave, at friendship’s call, Their gold, their bliss, their homes and all.”

He spoke by generous impulse moved, And Raghu’s son his speech approved Glancing at Lakshmaṇ by his side, Like Indra in his beauty’s pride. The Vánar monarch saw the pair Of mighty brothers standing there, And turned his rapid eye to view The forest trees that near him grew. He saw, not far from where he stood, A Sál tree towering o’er the wood. Amid the thick leaves many a bee Graced the scant blossoms of the tree, From whose dark shade a bough, that bore A load of leafy twigs, he tore, Which on the grassy ground he laid And seats for him and Ráma made. Hanúmán saw them sit, he sought A Sál tree’s leafy bough and brought The burthen, and with meek request Entreated Lakshmaṇ, too, to rest. There on the noble mountain’s brow, Strewn with the young leaves of the bough, Sat Raghu’s son in placid ease Calm as the sea when sleeps the breeze. Sugríva’s heart with rapture swelled, And thus, by eager love impelled, He spoke in gracious tone, that, oft Checked by his joy, was low and soft: “I, by my brother’s might oppressed, By ceaseless woe and fear distressed, Mourning my consort far away, On Rishyamúka’s mountain stray. Expelled by Báli’s cruel hate I wander here disconsolate. Do thou to whom all sufferers flee, From his dread hand deliver me.”

He spoke, and Ráma, just and brave, Whose pious soul to virtue clave, Smiled as in conscious might he eyed The king of Vánars, and replied: “Best fruit of friendship is the deed That helps the friend in hour of need; And this mine arm in death shall lay Thy robber ere the close of day. For see, these feathered darts of mine Whose points so fiercely flash and shine, And shafts with golden emblem, came From dark woods known by Skanda’s name,(561) Winged from the pinion of the hern Like Indra’s bolts they strike and burn. With even knots and piercing head Each like a furious snake is sped; With these, to-day, before thine eye Shall, like a shattered mountain, lie Báli, thy dread and wicked foe, O’erwhelmed in hideous overthrow.”

He spoke: Sugríva’s bosom swelled With hope and joy unparalleled. Then his glad voice the Vánar raised, And thus the son of Raghu praised: “Long have I pined in depth of grief; Thou art the hope of all, O chief. Now, Raghu’s son, I hail thee friend, And bid thee to my woes attend; For, by my truth I swear it, now Not life itself is dear as thou, Since by the witness fire we met And friendly hand in hand was set. Friend communes now with friend, and hence I tell with surest confidence, How woes that on my spirit weigh Consume me through the night and day.”

For sobs and sighs he scarce could speak, And his sad voice came low and weak, As, while his eyes with tears o’erflowed, The burden of his soul he showed. Then by strong effort, bravely made, The torrent of his tears he stayed, Wiped his bright eyes, his grief subdued, And thus, more calm, his speech renewed:

“By Báli’s conquering might oppressed, Of power and kingship dispossessed, Loaded with taunts of scorn and hate I left my realm and royal state. He tore away my consort: she Was dearer than my life to me, And many a friend to me and mine In hopeless chains was doomed to pine. With wicked thoughts, unsated still, Me whom he wrongs he yearns to kill; And spies of Vánar race, who tried To slay me, by this hand have died. Moved by this constant doubt and fear I saw thee, Prince, and came not near. When woe and peril gather round A foe in every form is found. Save Hanumán, O Raghu’s son, And these, no friend is left me, none. Through their kind aid, a faithful band Who guard their lord from hostile hand, Rest when their chieftain rests and bend Their steps where’er he lists to wend,— Through them alone, in toil and pain, My wretched life I still sustain. Enough, for thou hast heard in brief The story of my pain and grief. His mighty strength all regions know, My brother, but my deadly foe. Ah, if the proud oppressor fell, His death would all my woe dispel. Yea, on my cruel conqueror’s fall My joy depends, my life, my all. This were the end and sure relief, O Ráma, of my tale of grief. Fair be his lot or dark with woe, No comfort like a friend I know.”

Then Ráma spoke: “O friend, relate Whence sprang fraternal strife and hate, That duly taught by thee, I may Each foeman’s strength and weakness weigh: And skilled in every chance restore The blissful state thou hadst before. For, when I think of all the scorn And bitter woe thou long hast borne, My soul indignant swells with pain Like waters flushed with furious rain. Then, ere I string this bended bow, Tell me the tale I long to know, Ere from the cord my arrow fly, And low in death thy foeman lie.”

He spoke: Sugríva joyed to hear, Nor less his lords were glad of cheer: And thus to Ráma mighty-souled The cause that moved their strife he told:

## Canto IX. Sugríva’s Story.(562)

“My brother, known by Báli’s name, Had won by might a conqueror’s fame. My father’s eldest-born was he, Well honoured by his sire and me. My father died, and each sage lord Named Báli king with one accord; And he, by right of birth ordained, The sovereign of the Vánars reigned. He in his royal place controlled The kingdom of our sires of old, And I all faithful service lent To aid my brother’s government. The fiend Máyáví,—him of yore To Dundubhi(563) his mother bore,— For woman’s love in strife engaged, A deadly war with Báli waged. When sleep had chained each weary frame To vast Kishkindhá(564) gates he came, And, shouting through the shades of night, Challenged his foeman to the fight. My brother heard the furious shout, And wild with rage rushed madly out, Though fain would I and each sad wife Detain him from the deadly strife. He burned his demon foe to slay, And rushed impetuous to the fray. His weeping wives he thrust aside, And forth, impelled by fury, hied; While, by my love and duty led, I followed where my brother sped. Máyáví looked, and at the sight Fled from his foes in wild affright. The flying fiend we quickly viewed, And with swift feet his steps pursued. Then rose the moon, whose friendly ray Cast light upon our headlong way. By the soft beams was dimly shown A mighty cave with grass o’ergrown. Within its depths he sprang, and we The demon’s form no more might see. My brother’s breast was all aglow With fury when he missed the foe, And, turning, thus to me he said With senses all disquieted: “Here by the cavern’s mouth remain; Keep ear and eye upon the strain, While I the dark recess explore And dip my brand in foeman’s gore.” I heard his angry speech, and tried To turn him from his plan aside. He made me swear by both his feet, And sped within the dark retreat. While in the cave he stayed, and I Watched at the mouth, a year went by. For his return I looked in vain, And, moved by love, believed him slain. I mourned, by doubt and fear distressed, And greater horror seized my breast When from the cavern rolled a flood, A carnage stream of froth and blood; And from the depths a sound of fear, The roar of demons, smote mine ear; But never rang my brother’s shout Triumphant in the battle rout. I closed the cavern with a block, Huge as a hill, of shattered rock. Gave offerings due to Báli’s shade, And sought Kishkindhá, sore dismayed. Long time with anxious care I tried From Báli’s lords his fate to hide, But they, when once the tale was known, Placed me as king on Báli’s throne. There for a while I justly reigned And all with equal care ordained, When joyous from the demon slain My brother Báli came again. He found me ruling in his stead, And, fired with rage, his eyes grew red. He slew the lords who made me king, And spoke keen words to taunt and sting. The kingly rank and power I held My brother’s rage with ease had quelled, But still, restrained by old respect For claims of birth, the thought I checked. Thus having struck the demon down Came Báli to his royal town. With meek respect, with humble speech, His haughty heart I strove to reach. But all my arts were tried in vain, No gentle word his lips would deign, Though to the ground I bent and set His feet upon my coronet: Still Báli in his rage and pride All signs of grace and love denied.”

## Canto X. Sugríva’s Story.

“I strove to soothe and lull to rest The fury of his troubled breast: “Well art thou come, dear lord,” I cried. “By whose strong arm thy foe has died. Forlorn I languished here, but now My saviour and defence art thou. Once more receive this regal shade(565) Like the full moon in heaven displayed; And let the chouries,(566) thus restored, Wave glorious o’er the rightful lord. I kept my watch, thy word obeyed, And by the cave a year I stayed. But when I saw that stream of blood Rush from the cavern in a flood, My sad heart broken with dismay, And every wandering sense astray, I barred the entrance with a stone,— A crag from some high mountain thrown— Turned from the spot I watched in vain, And to Kishkindhá came again. My deep distress and downcast mien By citizen and lord were seen. They made me king against my will: Forgive me if the deed was ill. True as I ever was I see My honoured king once more in thee; I only ruled a while the state When thou hadst left us desolate. This town with people, lords, and lands, Lay as a trust in guardian hands: And now, my gracious lord, accept The kingdom which thy servant kept. Forgive me, victor of the foe, Nor let thy wrath against me glow. See joining suppliant hands I pray, And at thy feet my head I lay. Believe my words: against my will The royal seat they made me fill. Unkinged they saw the city, hence They made me lord for her defence.”

But Báli, though I humbly sued, Reviled me in his furious mood: “Out on thee, wretch!” in wrath he cried With many a bitter taunt beside. He summoned every lord, and all His subjects gathered at his call. Then forth his burning anger broke, And thus amid his friends he spoke: “I need not tell, for well ye know, How fierce Máyáví, fiend and foe, Came to Kishkindhá’s gate by night, And dared me in his wrath to fight. I heard each word the demon said: Forth from my royal hall I sped; And, foe in brother’s guise concealed, Sugríva followed to the field. The mighty demon through the shade Beheld me come with one to aid: Then shrinking from unequal fight, He turned his back in swiftest flight. From vengeful foes his life to save He sought the refuge of a cave. Then when I saw the fiend had fled Within that cavern dark and dread, Thus to my brother cruel-eyed, Impatient in my wrath, I cried: “I seek no more my royal town Till I have struck the demon down. Here by the cavern’s mouth remain Until my hand the foe have slain.” Upon his faith my heart relied, And swift within the depths I hied. A year went by: in every spot I sought the fiend, but found him not. At length my foe I saw and slew, Whom long I feared when lost to view; And all his kinsmen by his side Beneath my vengeful fury died. The monster, as he reeled and fell, Poured forth his blood with roar and yell; And, filling all the cavern, dyed The portal with the crimson tide. Upon my foeman slain at last One look, one pitying look, I cast. I sought again the light of day: The cave was closed and left no way. To the barred mouth I sadly came, And called aloud Sugríva’s name. But all was still: no voice replied, And hope within my bosom died. With furious efforts, vain at first, Through bars of rock my way I burst. Then, free once more, the path that brought My feet in safety home I sought. ’Twas thus Sugríva dared despise The claim of brothers’ friendly ties. With crags of rock he barred me in, And for himself the realm would win.”

Thus Báli spoke in words severe; And then, unmoved by ruth or fear, Left me a single robe and sent His brother forth in banishment. He cast me out with scathe and scorn, And from my side my wife was torn. Now in great fear and ill at ease I roam this land with woods and seas, Or dwell on Rishyamúka’s hill, And sorrow for my consort still. Thou hast the tale how first arose This bitter hate of brother foes. Such are the griefs neath which I pine, And all without a fault of mine. O swift to save in hour of fear, My prayer who dread this Báli, hear With gracious love assistance deign, And mine oppressor’s arm restrain.”

Then Raghu’s son, the good and brave, With a gay laugh his answer gave: “These shafts of mine which ne’er can fail, Before whose sheen the sun grows pale, Winged by my fury, fleet and fierce, The wicked Báli’s heart shall pierce. Yea, mark the words I speak, so long Shall live that wretch who joys in wrong, Until these angered eyes have seen The robber of thy darling queen. I, taught by equal suffering, know What waves of grief above thee flow. This hand thy captive wife shall free, And give thy kingdom back to thee.”

Sugríva joyed as Ráma spoke, And valour in his breast awoke. His eye grew bright, his heart grew bold, And thus his wondrous tale he told:

## Canto XI. Dundubhi.

“I doubt not, Prince, thy peerless might, Armed with these shafts so keen and bright, Like all-destroying fires of fate, The worlds could burn and devastate. But lend thou first thy mind and ear Of Báli’s power and might to hear. How bold, how firm, in battle tried, Is Báli’s heart; and then decide. From east to west, from south to north On restless errand hurrying forth, From farthest sea to sea he flies Before the sun has lit the skies. A mountain top he oft will seek, Tear from its root a towering peak, Hurl it aloft, as ’twere a ball, And catch it ere to earth it fall. And many a tree that long has stood In health and vigour in the wood, His single arm to earth will throw, The marvels of his might to show. Shaped like a bull, a monster bore The name of Dundubhi of yore: He matched in size a mountain height, A thousand elephants in might. By pride of wondrous gifts impelled, And strength he deemed unparalleled, To Ocean, lord of stream and brook, Athirst for war, his way he took. He reached the king of rolling waves Whose gems are piled in sunless caves, And threw his challenge to the sea; “Come forth, O King, and fight with me.” He spoke, and from his ocean bed The righteous(567) monarch heaved his head, And gave, sedate, his calm reply To him whom fate impelled to die: “Not mine, not mine the power,” he cried, “To cope with thee in battle tried; But listen to my voice, and seek The worthier foe of whom I speak. The Lord of Hills, where hermits live And love the home his forests give, Whose child is Śankar’s darling queen,(568) The King of Snows is he I mean. Deep caves has he, and dark boughs shade The torrent and the wild cascade. From him expect the fierce delight Which heroes feel in equal fight.”

He deemed that fear checked ocean’s king, And, like an arrow from the string, To the wild woods that clothe the side Of Lord Himálaya’s hills he hied. Then Dundubhi, with hideous roar, Huge fragments from the summit tore Vast as Airávat,(569) white with snow, And hurled them to the plains below. Then like a white cloud soft, serene, The Lord of Mountains’ form was seen. It sat upon a lofty crest, And thus the furious fiend addressed: “Beseems thee not, O virtue’s friend, My mountain tops to rive and rend; For I, the hermit’s calm retreat, For deeds of war am all unmeet.”

The demon’s eye with rage grew red, And thus in furious tone he said: “If thou from fear or sloth decline To match thy strength in war with mine, Where shall I find a champion, say, To meet me burning for the fray?” He spoke: Himálaya, skilled in lore Of eloquence, replied once more, And, angered in his righteous mind, Addressed the chief of demon kind: “The Vánar Báli, brave and wise, Son of the God who rules the skies,(570) Sways, glorious in his high renown, Kishkindhá his imperial town. Well may that valiant lord who knows Each art of war his might oppose To thine, in equal battle set, As Namuehi(571) and Indra met. Go, if thy soul desire the fray; To Báli’s city speed away, And that unconquered hero meet Whose fame is high for warlike feat.” He listened to the Lord of Snow, And, his proud heart with rage aglow, Sped swift away and lighted down By vast Kishkindhá, Báli’s town. With pointed horns to strike and gore The semblance of a bull he bore, Huge as a cloud that downward bends Ere the full flood of rain descends. Impelled by pride and rage and hate, He thundered at Kishkindhá’s gate; And with his bellowing, like the sound Of pealing drums, he shook the ground, He rent the earth and prostrate threw The trees that near the portal grew. King Báli from the bowers within Indignant heard the roar and din. Then, moonlike mid the stars, with all His dames he hurried to the wall; And to the fiend this speech, expressed In clear and measured words, addressed: “Know me for monarch. Báli styled, Of Vánar tribes that roam the wild. Say why dost thou this gate molest, And bellowing thus disturb our rest? I know thee, mighty fiend: beware And guard thy life with wiser care.” He spoke: and thus the fiend returned, While red with rage his eyeballs burned: “What! speak when all thy dames are nigh And hero-like thy foe defy? Come, meet me in the fight this day, And learn my strength by bold assay. Or shall I spare thee, and relent Until the coming night be spent? Take then the respite of a night And yield thee to each soft delight. Then, monarch of the Vánar race With loving arms thy friends embrace. Gifts on thy faithful lords bestow, Bid each and all farewell, and go. Show in the streets once more thy face, Install thy son to fill thy place. Dally a while with each dear dame; And then my strength thy pride shall tame For, should I smite thee drunk with wine Enamoured of those dames of thine, Beneath diseases bowed and bent, Or weak, unarmed, or negligent, My deed would merit hate and scorn As his who slays the child unborn.” Then Báli’s soul with rage was fired, Queen Tára and the dames retired; And slowly, with a laugh of pride, The king of Vánars thus replied: “Me, fiend, thou deemest drunk with wine: Unless thy fear the fight decline, Come, meet me in the fray, and test The spirit of my valiant breast.” He spoke in wrath and high disdain; And, laying down his golden chain, Gift of his sire Mahendra, dared The demon, for the fray prepared; Seized by the horns the monster, vast As a huge hill, and held him fast, Then fiercely dragged him round and round, And, shouting, hurled him to the ground. Blood streaming from his ears, he rose, And wild with fury strove the foes. Then Báli, match for Indra’s might, With every arm renewed the fight. He fought with fists, and feet, and knees, With fragments of the rock, and trees. At last the monster’s strength, assailed By Śakra’s(572) conquering offspring, failed. Him Báli raised with mighty strain And dashed upon the ground again; Where, bruised and shattered, in a tide Of rushing blood, the demon died. King Báli saw the lifeless corse, And bending, with tremendous force Raised the huge bulk from where it lay, And hurled it full a league away. As through the air the body flew, Some blood-drops, caught by gales that blew, Welled from his shattered jaw and fell By Saint Matanga’s hermit cell: Matanga saw, illustrious sage, Those drops defile his hermitage, And, as he marvelled whence they came, Fierce anger filled his soul with flame: “Who is the villain, evil-souled, With childish thoughts unwise and bold, Who is the impious wretch,” he cried, “By whom my grove with blood is dyed?”

Thus spoke Matanga in his rage, And hastened from the hermitage, When lo, before his wondering eyes Lay the dead bull of mountain size. His hermit soul was nothing slow The doer of the deed to know, And thus the Vánar in a burst Of wild tempestuous wrath he cursed: “Ne’er let that Vánar wander here, For, if he come, his death is near, Whose impious hand with blood has dyed The holy place where I abide, Who threw this demon corse and made A ruin of the pleasant shade. If e’er he plant his wicked feet Within one league of my retreat; Yea, if the villain come so nigh That very hour he needs must die. And let the Vánar lords who dwell In the dark woods that skirt my cell Obey my words, and speeding hence Find them some meeter residence. Here if they dare to stay, on all The terrors of my curse shall fall. They spoil the tender saplings, dear As children which I cherish here, Mar root and branch and leaf and spray, And steal the ripening fruit away. One day I grant, no further hour, To-morrow shall my curse have power, And then each Vánar I may see A stone through countless years shall be.” The Vánars heard the curse and hied From sheltering wood and mountain side. King Báli marked their haste and dread, And to the flying leaders said: “Speak, Vánar chiefs, and tell me why From Saint Matanga’s grove ye fly To gather round me: is it well With all who in those woodlands dwell?” He spoke: the Vánar leaders told King Báli with his chain of gold What curse the saint had on them laid, Which drove them from their ancient shade. Then royal Báli sought the sage, With reverent hands to soothe his rage. The holy man his suppliant spurned, And to his cell in anger turned. That curse on Báli sorely pressed, And long his conscious soul distressed. Him still the curse and terror keep Afar from Rishyamúka’s steep. He dares not to the grove draw nigh, Nay scarce will hither turn his eye. We know what terrors warm him hence, And roam these woods in confidence. Look, Prince, before thee white and dry The demon’s bones uncovered lie, Who, like a hill in bulk and length, Fell ruind for his pride of strength. See those high Sál trees seven in row That droop their mighty branches low, These at one grasp would Báli seize, And leafless shake the trembling trees. These tales I tell, O Prince, to show The matchless power that arms the foe. How canst thou hope to slay him? how Meet Báli in the battle now?”

Sugríva spoke and sadly sighed: And Lakshmaṇ with a laugh replied: “What show of power, what proof and test May still the doubts that fill thy breast?”

He spoke. Sugríva thus replied: “See yonder Sál trees side by side. King Báli here would take his stand Grasping his bow with vigorous hand, And every arrow, keen and true, Would strike its tree and pierce it through. If Ráma now his bow will bend, And through one trunk an arrow send; Or if his arm can raise and throw Two hundred measures of his bow, Grasped by a foot and hurled through air, The demon bull that moulders there, My heart will own his might and fain Believe my foe already slain.”

Sugríva spoke inflamed with ire, Scanned Ráma with a glance of fire, Pondered a while in silent mood. And thus again his speech renewed: “All lands with Báli’s glories ring, A valiant, strong, and mighty king; In conscious power unused to yield, A hero first in every field. His wondrous deeds his might declare, Deeds Gods might scarcely do or dare; And on this power reflecting still I roam on Rishyamúka’s hill. Awed by my brother’s might I rove, In doubt and fear, from grove to grove, While Hanumán, my chosen friend, And faithful lords my steps attend; And now, O true to friendship’s tie, I hail in thee my best ally. My surest refuge from my foes, And steadfast as the Lord of Snows. Still, when I muse how strong and bold Is cruel Báli, evil-souled, But ne’er, O chief of Raghu’s line, Have seen what strength in war is thine, Though in my heart I may not dare Doubt thy great might, despise, compare, Thoughts of his fearful deeds will rise And fill my soul with sad surmise. Speech, form, and trust which naught may move Thy secret strength and glory prove, As smouldering ashes dimly show The dormant fires that live below.”

He ceased: and Ráma answered, while Played o’er his lips a gracious smile: “Not yet convinced? This clear assay Shall drive each lingering doubt away.” Thus Ráma spoke his heart to cheer, To Dundubhi’s vast frame drew near: He touched it with his foot in play And sent it twenty leagues away. Sugríva marked what easy force Hurled through the air that demon’s corse Whose mighty bones were white and dried, And to the son of Raghu cried: “My brother Báli, when his might Was drunk and weary from the fight, Hurled forth the monster body, fresh With skin and sinews, blood and flesh. Now flesh and blood are dried away, The crumbling bones are light as hay, Which thou, O Raghu’s son, hast sent Flying through air in merriment. This test alone is weak to show If thou be stronger or the foe. By thee a heap of mouldering bone, By him the recent corse was thrown. Thy strength, O Prince, is yet untried: Come, pierce one tree: let this decide. Prepare thy ponderous bow and bring Close to thine ear the straining string. On yonder Sál tree fix thine eye, And let the mighty arrow fly, I doubt not, chief, that I shall see Thy pointed shaft transfix the tree. Then come, assay the easy task, And do for love the thing I ask. Best of all lights, the Day-God fills With glory earth and sky: Himálaya is the lord of hills That heave their heads on high. The royal lion is the best Of beasts that tread the earth; And thou, O hero, art confessed First in heroic worth.”

## Canto XII. The Palm Trees.

Then Ráma, that his friend might know His strength unrivalled, grasped his bow, That mighty bow the foe’s dismay,— And on the string an arrow lay. Next on the tree his eye he bent, And forth the hurtling weapon went. Loosed from the matchless hero’s hold, That arrow, decked with burning gold, Cleft the seven palms in line, and through The hill that rose behind them flew: Six subterranean realms it passed, And reached the lowest depth at last, Whence speeding back through earth and air It sought the quiver, and rested there.(573) Upon the cloven trees amazed, The sovereign of the Vánars gazed. With all his chains and gold outspread Prostrate on earth he laid his head. Then, rising, palm to palm he laid In reverent act, obeisance made, And joyously to Ráma, best Of war-trained chiefs, these words addressed:

“What champion, Raghu’s son, may hope With thee in deadly fight to cope, Whose arrow, leaping from the bow, Cleaves tree and hill and earth below? Scarce might the Gods, arrayed for strife By Indra’s self, escape, with life Assailed by thy victorious hand: And how may Báli hope to stand? All grief and care are past away, And joyous thoughts my bosom sway, Who have in thee a friend, renowned, As Varuṇ(574) or as Indra, found. Then on! subdue,—’tis friendship’s claim,— My foe who bears a brother’s name. Strike Báli down beneath thy feet: With suppliant hands I thus entreat.” Sugríva ceased, and Ráma pressed The grateful Vánar to his breast; And thoughts of kindred feeling woke In Lakshmaṇ’s bosom, as he spoke: “On to Kishkindhá, on with speed! Thou, Vánar King, our way shalt lead, Then challenge Báli forth to fight. Thy foe who scorns a brother’s right.”

They sought Kishkindhá’s gate and stood Concealed by trees in densest wood, Sugríva, to the fight addressed, More closely drew his cinctured vest, And raised a wild sky-piercing shout To call the foeman Báli out.

Forth came impetuous Báli, stirred To fury by the shout he heard. So the great sun, ere night has ceased, Springs up impatient to the east. Then fierce and wild the conflict raged As hand to hand the foes engaged, As though in battle mid the stars Fought Mercury and fiery Mars.(575) To highest pitch of frenzy wrought With fists like thunderbolts they fought, While near them Ráma took his stand, And viewed the battle, bow in hand. Alike they stood in form and might, Like heavenly Aśvins(576) paired in fight, Nor might the son of Raghu know Where fought the friend and where the foe; So, while his bow was ready bent, No life-destroying shaft he sent. Crushed down by Báli’s mightier stroke Sugríva’s force now sank and broke, Who, hoping naught from Ráma’s aid, To Rishyamúka fled dismayed, Weary, and faint, and wounded sore, His body bruised and dyed with gore, From Báli’s blows, in rage and dread, Afar to sheltering woods he fled.

Nor Báli farther dared pursue, The curbing curse too well he knew. “Fled from thy death!” the victor cried, And home the mighty warrior hied. Hanúmán, Lakshmaṇ, Raghu’s son Beheld the conquered Vánar run, And followed to the sheltering shade Where yet Sugríva stood dismayed. Near and more near the chieftains came, Then, for intolerable shame, Not daring yet to lift his eyes, Sugríva spoke with burning sighs: “Thy matchless strength I first beheld, And dared my foe, by thee impelled. Why hast thou tried me with deceit And urged me to a sure defeat? Thou shouldst have said, “I will not slay Thy foeman in the coming fray.” For had I then thy purpose known I had not waged the fight alone.”

The Vánar sovereign, lofty-souled, In plaintive voice his sorrows told. Then Ráma spake: “Sugríva, list, All anger from thy heart dismissed, And I will tell the cause that stayed Mine arrow, and withheld the aid. In dress, adornment, port, and height, In splendour, battle-shout, and might, No shade of difference could I see Between thy foe, O King, and thee. So like was each, I stood at gaze, My senses lost in wildering maze, Nor loosened from my straining bow A deadly arrow at the foe, Lest in my doubt the shaft should send To sudden death our surest friend. O, if this hand in heedless guilt And rash resolve thy blood had spilt, Through every land, O Vánar King, My wild and foolish act would ring. Sore weight of sin on him must lie By whom a friend is made to die; And Lakshmaṇ, I, and Sítá, best Of dames, on thy protection rest. On, warrior! for the fight prepare; Nor fear again thy foe to dare. Within one hour thine eye shall view My arrow strike thy foeman through; Shall see the stricken Báli lie Low on the earth, and gasp and die. But come, a badge about thee bind, O monarch of the Vánar kind, That in the battle shock mine eyes The friend and foe may recognize. Come, Lakshmaṇ, let that creeper deck With brightest bloom Sugríva’s neck, And be a happy token, twined Around the chief of lofty mind.”

Upon the mountain slope there grew A threading creeper fair to view, And Lakshmaṇ plucked the bloom and round Sugríva’s neck a garland wound. Graced with the flowery wreath he wore, The Vánar chief the semblance bore Of a dark cloud at close of day Engarlanded with cranes at play, In glorious light the Vánar glowed As by his comrade’s side he strode, And, still on Ráma’s word intent, His steps to great Kishkindhá bent.

## Canto XIII. The Return To Kishkindhá.

Thus with Sugríva, from the side Of Rishyamúka, Ráma hied, And stood before Kishkindhá’s gate Where Báli kept his regal state. The hero in his warrior hold Raised his great bow adorned with gold, And drew his pointed arrow bright As sunbeams, finisher of fight. Strong-necked Sugríva led the way With Lakshmaṇ mighty in the fray. Nala and Níla came behind With Hanumán of lofty mind, And valiant Tára, last in place, A leader of the Vánar race. They gazed on many a tree that showed The glory of its pendent load, And brook and limpid rill that made Sweet murmurs as they seaward strayed. They looked on caverns dark and deep, On bower and glen and mountain steep, And saw the opening lotus stud With roseate cup the crystal flood, While crane and swan and coot and drake Made pleasant music on the lake, And from the reedy bank was heard The note of many a happy bird. In open lawns, in tangled ways, They saw the tall deer stand at gaze, Or marked them free and fearless roam, Fed with sweet grass, their woodland home. At times two flashing tusks between The wavings of the wood were seen, And some mad elephant, alone, Like a huge moving hill, was shown. And scarcely less in size appeared Great monkeys all with dust besmeared. And various birds that roam the skies, And silvan creatures, met their eyes, As through the wood the chieftains sped, And followed where Sugríva led.

Then Ráma, as their way they made, Saw near at hand a lovely shade, And, as he gazed upon the trees, Spake to Sugríva words like these; “Those stately trees in beauty rise, Fair as a cloud in autumn skies. I fain, my friend, would learn from thee What pleasant grove is that I see.”

Thus Ráma spake, the mighty souled; And thus his tale Sugríva told:

“That, Ráma, is a wide retreat That brings repose to weary feet. Bright streams and fruit and roots are there, And shady gardens passing fair. There, neath the roof of hanging boughs, The sacred Seven maintained their vows. Their heads in dust were lowly laid, In streams their nightly beds were made. Each seventh night they broke their fast, But air was still their sole repast, And when seven hundred years were spent To homes in heaven the hermits went. Their glory keeps the garden yet, With walls of stately trees beset. Scarce would the Gods and demons dare, By Indra led, to enter there. No beast that roams the wood is found, No bird of air, within the bound; Or, thither if they idly stray, They find no more their homeward way. You hear at times mid dulcet tones The chime of anklets, rings, and zones. You hear the song and music sound, And heavenly fragrance breathes around, There duly burn the triple fires(577) Where mounts the smoke in curling spires, And, in a dun wreath, hangs above The tall trees, like a brooding dove. Round branch and crest the vapours close Till every tree enveloped shows A hill of lazulite when clouds Hang round it with their misty shrouds. With Lakshmaṇ, lord of Raghu’s line, In reverent guise thine head incline, And with fixt heart and suppliant hand Give honour to the sainted band. They who with faithful hearts revere The holy Seven who harboured here, Shall never, son of Raghu, know In all their lives an hour of woe.”

Then Ráma and his brother bent, And did obeisance reverent With suppliant hand and lowly head, Then with Sugríva onward sped. Beyond the sainted Seven’s abode Far on their way the chieftains strode, And great Kishkindhá’s portal gained, The royal town where Báli reigned. Then by the gate they took their stand All ready armed a noble band, And burning every one To slay in battle, hand to hand, Their foeman, Indra’s son.

## Canto XIV. The Challenge.

They stood where trees of densest green Wove round their forms a veiling screen. O’er all the garden’s pleasant shade The eyes of King Sugríva strayed, And, as on grass and tree he gazed, The fires of wrath within him blazed. Then like a mighty cloud on high, When roars the tempest through the sky, Girt by his friends he thundered out His dread sky-rending battle-shout Like some proud lion in his gait, Or as the sun begins his state, Sugríva let his quick glance rest On Ráma whom he thus addressed: “There is the seat of Báli’s sway, Where flags on wall and turret play, Which mighty bands of Vánars hold, Rich in all arms and store of gold. Thy promise to thy mind recall That Báli by thy hand shall fall. As kindly fruits adorn the bough. So give my hopes their harvest now.”

In suppliant tone the Vánar prayed, And Raghu’s son his answer made: “By Lakshmaṇ’s hand this flowery twine Was wound about thee for a sign. The wreath of giant creeper throws About thy form its brillant glows, As though about the sun were set The bright stars for a coronet. One shaft of mine this day, dear friend, Thy sorrow and thy fear shall end. And, from the bowstring freed, shall be Giver of freedom, King, to thee. Then come, Sugríva, quickly show, Where’er he lie, thy bitter foe; And let my glance the wretch descry Whose deeds, a brother’s name belie. Yea, soon in dust and blood o’erthrown Shall Báli fall and gasp and groan. Once let this eye the foeman see, Then, if he live to turn and flee, Despise my puny strength, and shame With foul opprobrium Ráma’s name. Hast thou not seen his hand, O King, Through seven tall trees one arrow wing? Still in that strength securely trust, And deem thy foeman in the dust. In all my days, though surely tried By grief and woe, I ne’er have lied; And still by duty’s law restrained Will ne’er with falsehood’s charge be stained. Cast doubt away: the oath I sware Its kindly fruit shall quickly bear, As smiles the land with golden grain By mercy of the Lord of rain. Oh, warrior to the gate I defy Thy foe with shout and battle-cry, Till Báli with his chain of gold Come speeding from his royal hold. Proud hearts, with warlike fire aglow, Brook not the challenge of a foe: Each on his power and might relies, And most before his ladies eyes. King Báli loves the fray too well To linger in his citadel, And, when he hears thy battle-shout, All wild for war will hasten out.”

He spoke. Sugríva raised a cry That shook and rent the echoing sky, A shout so fierce and loud and dread That stately bulls in terror fled, Like dames who fly from threatened stain In some ignoble monarch’s reign. The deer in wild confusion ran Like horses turned in battle’s van. Down fell the birds, like Gods who fall When merits fail,(578) at that dread call. So fiercely, boldened for the fray, The offspring of the Lord of Day Sent forth his furious shout as loud As thunder from a labouring cloud, Or, where the gale blows fresh and free, The roaring of the troubled sea.

## Canto XV. Tárá.

That shout, which shook the land with fear, In thunder smote on Báli’s ear, Where in the chamber barred and closed The sovereign with his dame reposed. Each amorous thought was rudely stilled, And pride and rage his bosom filled. His angry eyes flashed darkly red, And all his native brightness fled, As when, by swift eclipse assailed, The glory of the sun has failed. While in his fury uncontrolled He ground his teeth, his eyeballs rolled, He seemed a lake wherein no gem Of blossom decks the lotus stem. He heard, and with indignant pride Forth from the bower the Vánar hied. And the earth trembled at the beat And fury of his hastening feet. But Tárá to her consort flew, Her loving arms around him threw, And trembling and bewildered, gave Wise counsel that might heal and save: “O dear my lord, this rage control That like a torrent floods thy soul, And cast these idle thoughts away Like faded wreath of yesterday, O tarry till the morning light, Then, if thou wilt, go forth and fight. Think not I doubt thy valour, no; Or deem thee weaker than thy foe, Yet for a while would have thee stay Nor see thee tempt the fight to-day. Now list, my loving lord, and learn The reason why I bid thee turn. Thy foeman came in wrath and pride, And thee to deadly fight defied. Thou wentest out: he fought, and fled Sore wounded and discomfited. But yet, untaught by late defeat, He comes his conquering foe to meet, And calls thee forth with cry and shout: Hence spring, my lord, this fear and doubt. A heart so bold that will not yield, But yearns to tempt the desperate field, Such loud defiance, fiercely pressed, On no uncertain hope can rest. So lately by thine arm o’erthrown, He comes not back, I ween, alone. Some mightier comrade guards his side, And spurs him to this burst of pride. For nature made the Vánar wise: On arms of might his hope relies; And never will Sugríva seek A friend whose power to save is weak. Now listen while my lips unfold The wondrous tale my Angad told. Our child the distant forest sought, And, learnt from spies, the tidings brought. Two sons of Daśaratha, sprung From old Ikshváku, brave and young, Renowned in arms, in war untamed— Ráma and Lakshmaṇ are they named— Have with thy foe Sugríva made A league of love and friendly aid. Now Ráma, famed for exploit high, Is bound thy brother’s firm ally, Like fires of doom(579) that ruin all He makes each foe before him fall. He is the suppliant’s sure defence, The tree that shelters innocence. The poor and wretched seek his feet: In him the noblest glories meet. With skill and knowledge vast and deep His sire’s commands he loved to keep; With princely gifts and graces stored As metals deck the Mountains’ Lord.(580) Thou canst not, O my hero, stand Before the might of Ráma’s hand; For none may match his powers or dare With him in deeds of war compare. Hear, I entreat, the words I say, Nor lightly turn my rede away. O let fraternal discord cease, And link you in the bonds of peace. Let consecrating rites ordain Sugríva partner of thy reign. Let war and thoughts of conflict end, And be thou his and Ráma’s friend, Each soft approach of love begin, And to thy soul thy brother win; For whether here or there he be, Thy brother still, dear lord, is he. Though far and wide these eyes I strain A friend like him I seek in vain. Let gentle words his heart incline, And gifts and honours make him thine, Till, foes no more, in love allied, You stand as brothers side by side. Thou in high rank wast wont to hold Sugríva, formed in massive mould; Then come, thy brother’s love regain, For other aids are weak and vain. If thou would please my soul, and still Preserve me from all fear and ill, I pray thee by thy love be wise And do the thing which I advise. Assuage thy fruitless wrath, and shun The mightier arms of Raghu’s son; For Indra’s peer in might is he, A foe too strong, my lord, for thee.”

## Canto XVI. The Fall Of Báli.

Thus Tárá with the starry eyes(581) Her counsel gave with burning sighs. But Báli, by her prayers unmoved, Spurned her advice, and thus reproved: “How may this insult, scathe, and scorn By me, dear love, be tamely born? My brother, yea my foe, comes nigh And dares me forth with shout and cry. Learn, trembler! that the valiant, they Who yield no step in battle fray, Will die a thousand deaths but ne’er An unavenged dishonour bear. Nor, O my love, be thou dismayed Though Ráma lend Sugríva aid, For one so pure and duteous, one Who loves the right, all sin will shun, Release me from thy soft embrace, And with thy dames thy steps retrace: Enough already, O mine own, Of love and sweet devotion shown. Drive all thy fear and doubt away; I seek Sugríva in the fray His boisterous rage and pride to still, And tame the foe I would not kill. My fury, armed with brandished trees, Shall strike Sugríva to his knees: Nor shall the humbled foe withstand The blows of my avenging hand, When, nerved by rage and pride, I beat The traitor down beneath my feet. Thou, love, hast lent thine own sweet aid, And all thy tender care displayed; Now by my life, by these who yearn To serve thee well, I pray thee turn. But for a while, dear dame, I go To come triumphant o’er the foe.”

Thus Báli spake in gentlest tone: Soft arms about his neck were thrown; Then round her lord the lady went With sad steps slow and reverent. She stood in solemn guise to bless With prayers for safety and success, Then with her train her chamber sought By grief and racking fear distraught.

With serpent’s pantings fierce and fast King Báli from the city passed. His glance, as each quick breath he drew, Around to find the foe he threw, And saw where fierce Sugríva showed His form with golden hues that glowed, And, as a fire resplendent, stayed To meet his foe in arms arrayed. When Báli, long-armed chieftain, found Sugríva stationed on the ground, Impelled by warlike rage he braced His warrior garb about his waist, And with his mighty arm raised high Rushed at Sugríva with a cry. But when Sugríva, fierce and bold, Saw Báli with his chain of gold, His arm he heaved, his hand he closed, And face to face his foe opposed. To him whose eyes with fury shone, In charge impetuous rushing on, Skilled in each warlike art and plan, Báli with hasty words began: “My ponderous hand, to fight addressed With fingers clenched and arm compressed Shall on thy death doomed brow descend And, crashing down, thy life shall end.” He spoke; and wild with rage and pride, The fierce Sugríva thus replied: “Thus let my arm begin the strife And from thy body crush the life.”

Then Báli, wounded and enraged, With furious blows the battle waged. Sugríva seemed, with blood-streams dyed, A hill with fountains in his side. But with his native force unspent A Sál tree from the earth he rent, And like the bolt of Indra smote On Báli’s head and chest and throat. Bruised by the blows he could not shield, Half vanquished Báli sank and reeled, As sinks a vessel with her freight Borne down by overwhelming weight. Swift as Suparṇa’s(582) swiftest flight In awful strength they rushed to fight: So might the sun and moon on high Encountering battle in the sky. Fierce and more fierce, as fought the foes, The furious rage of combat rose. They warred with feet and arms and knees, With nails and stones and boughs and trees, And blows descending fast as rain Dyed each dark form with crimson stain, While like two thunder-clouds they met With battle-cry and shout and threat. Then Ráma saw Sugríva quail, Marked his worn strength grow weak and fail. Saw how he turned his wistful eye To every quarter of the sky. His friend’s defeat he could not brook, Bent on his shaft an eager look, Then burned to slay the conquering foe, And laid his arrow on the bow. As to an orb the bow he drew Forth from the string the arrow flew Like Fate’s tremendous discus hurled By Yáma(583) forth to end the world. So loud the din that every bird The bow-string’s clans with terror heard, And wildly fled the affrighted deer As though the day of doom were near. So, deadly as the serpent’s fang, Forth from the string the arrow sprang. Like the red lightning’s flash and flame It flew unerring to its aim, And, hissing murder through the air, Pierced Báli’s breast, and quivered there. Struck by the shaft that flew so well The mighty Vánar reeled and fell, As earthward Indra’s flag they pull When Aśvíní’s fair moon is full.(584)

## Canto XVII. Báli’s Speech.

Like some proud tree before the blast Brave Báli to the ground was cast, Where prostrate in the dust he rolled Clad in the sheen of glistening gold, As when uptorn the standard lies Of the great God who rules the skies. When low upon the earth was laid The lord whom Vánar tribes obeyed, Dark as a moonless sky no more His land her joyous aspect wore. Though low in dust and mire was rolled The form of Báli lofty-souled, Still life and valour, might and grace Clung to their well-loved dwelling-place. That golden chain with rich gems set, The choicest gift of Sákra,(585) yet Preserved his life nor let decay Steal strength and beauty’s light away. Still from that chain divinely wrought His dusky form a glory caught, As a dark cloud, when day is done, Made splendid by the dying sun. As fell the hero, crushed in fight, There beamed afar a triple light From limbs, from chain, from shaft that drank His life-blood as the warrior sank. The never-failing shaft, impelled By the great bow which Ráma held, Brought bliss supreme, and lit the way To Brahmá’s worlds which ne’er decay.(586)

Ráma and Lakshmaṇ nearer drew The mighty fallen foe to view, Mahendra’s son, the brave and bold, The monarch with his chain of gold, With lustrous face and tawny eyes, Broad chest, and arms of wondrous size, Like Lord Mahendra fierce in fight, Or Vishṇu’s never-conquered might, Now fallen like Yayáti(587) sent From heaven, his store of merit spent, Like the bright flame that pales and dies, Like the great sun who fires the skies, Doomed in the general doom to fall When time shall end and ruin all.

The wounded Báli, when he saw Ráma and Lakshmaṇ nearer draw, Keen words to Raghu’s son, impressed With justice’ holy stamp, addressed:

“What fame, from one thou hast not slain In front of battle, canst thou gain, Whose secret hand has laid me low When madly fighting with my foe? From every tongue thy glory rings, A scion of a line of kings, True to thy vows, of noblest race, With every gentle gift and grace: Whose tender heart for woe can feel, And joy in every creature’s weal: Whose breast with high ambition swells, Knows duty’s claim and ne’er rebels. They praise thy valour, patience, ruth, Thy firmness, self-restraint, and truth: Thy hand prepared for sin’s control, All virtues of a princely soul. I thought of all these gifts of thine, And glories of an ancient line, I set my Tárá’s tears at naught, I met Sugríva and we fought. O Ráma, till this fatal morn I held that thou wouldst surely scorn To strike me as I fought my foe And thought not of a stranger’s blow, But now thine evil heart is shown, A yawning well with grass o’ergrown. Thou wearest virtue’s badge,(588) but guile And meanest sin thy soul defile. I took thee not for treacherous fire, A sinner clad in saint’s attire; Nor deemed thou idly wouldst profess The show and garb of righteousness. In fenced town, in open land, Ne’er hast thou suffered at this hand, Nor canst of proud contempt complain: Then wherefore is the guiltless slain? My harmless life in woods I lead, On forest fruits and roots I feed. My foeman in the field I sought, And ne’er with thee, O Ráma, fought. Upon thy limbs, O King, I see The raiment of a devotee; And how can one like thee, who springs From a proud line of ancient kings, Beneath fair virtue’s mask, disgrace His lineage by a deed so base? From Raghu is thy long descent, For duteous deeds prëeminent: Why, sinner clad in saintly dress, Roamest thou through the wilderness? Truth, valour, justice free from spot, The hand that gives and grudges not, The might that strikes the sinner down, These bring a prince his best renown. Here in the woods, O King, we live On roots and fruit which branches give.(589) Thus nature framed our harmless race: Thou art a man supreme in place. Silver and gold and land provoke The fierce attack, the robber’s stroke, Canst thou desire this wild retreat, The berries and the fruit we eat? ’Tis not for mighty kings to tread The flowery path, by pleasure led. Theirs be the arm that crushes sin, Theirs the soft grace to woo and win: The steadfast will that guides the state, Wise favour to the good and great; And for all time are kings renowned Who blend these arts and ne’er confound. But thou art weak and swift to ire, Unstable, slave of each desire. Thou tramplest duty in the dust, And in thy bow is all thy trust. Thou carest naught for noble gain, And treatest virtue with disdain, While every sense its captive draws To follow pleasure’s changing laws. I wronged thee not in word or deed, But by thy deadly dart I bleed. What wilt thou, mid the virtuous, say To purge thy lasting stain away? All these, O King, must sink to hell, The regicide, the infidel, He who in blood and slaughter joys, A Bráhman or a cow destroys, Untimely weds in law’s despite Scorning an elder brother’s right,(590) Who dares his Teacher’s bed ascend, The miser, spy, and treacherous friend. These impious wretches, one and all, Must to the hell of sinners fall. My skin the holy may not wear, Useless to thee my bones and hair; Nor may my slaughtered body be The food of devotees like thee. These five-toed things a man may slay And feed upon the fallen prey; The mailed rhinoceros may die, And, with the hare his food supply. Iguanas he may kill and eat, With porcupine and tortoise meat.(591) But all the wise account it sin To touch my bones and hair and skin. My flesh they may not eat; and I A useless prey, O Ráma, die. In vain my Tárá reasoned well, On dull deaf ears her counsel fell. I scorned her words though sooth and sweet, And hither rushed my fate to meet. Ah for the land thou rulest! she Finds no protection, lord, from thee, Neglected like some noble dame By a vile husband dead to shame. Mean-hearted coward, false and vile, Whose cruel soul delights in guile, Could Daśaratha, noblest king, Beget so mean and base a thing? Alas! an elephant, in form Of Ráma, in a maddening storm Of passion casting to the ground The girth of law(592) that clipped him round, Too wildly passionate to feel The prick of duty’s guiding steel,(593) Has charged me unawares, and dead I fall beneath his murderous tread. How, stained with this my base defeat, How wilt thou dare, where good men meet, To speak, when every tongue will blame With keen reproach this deed of shame? Such hero strength and valour, shown Upon the innocent alone, Thou hast not proved in manly strife On him who robbed thee of thy wife. Hadst thou but fought in open field And met me boldly unconcealed, This day had been thy fate to fall, Slain by this hand, to Yáma’s hall. In vain I strove, and struck by thee Fell by a hand I could not see. Thus bites a snake, for sins of yore, A sleeping man who wakes no more. Sugríva’s foeman thou hast killed, And thus his heart’s desire fulfilled; But, Ráma, hadst thou sought me first, And told the hope thy soul has nursed, That very day had I restored The Maithil lady to her lord; And, binding Rávaṇ with a chain, Had laid him at thy feet unslain. Yea, were she sunk in deepest hell, Or whelmed beneath the ocean’s swell, I would have followed on her track And brought the rescued lady back, As Hayagríva(594) once set free From hell the white Aśvatarí.(595) That when my spirit wings its flight Sugríva reign, is just and right. But most unjust, O King, that I, Slain by thy treacherous hand, should lie. Be still, my heart: this earthly state Is darkly ruled by sovereign Fate. The realm is lost and won: defy Thy questioners with apt reply.”(596)

## Canto XVIII. Ráma’s Reply.

He ceased: and Ráma’s heart was stirred At every keen reproach he heard. There Báli lay, a dim dark sun, His course of light and glory run: Or like the bed of Ocean dried Of his broad floods from side to side, Or helpless, as the dying fire, Hushed his last words of righteous ire. Then Ráma, with his spirit moved, The Vánar king in turn reproved: “Why dost thou, Báli, thus revile, And castest not a glance the while On claims of duty, love, and gain, And customs o’er the world that reign? Why dost thou blame me, rash and blind, Fickle as all thy Vánar kind, Slighting each rule of ancient days Which all the good and prudent praise? This land, each hill and woody chase, Belongs to old Ikshváku’s race: With bird and beast and man, the whole Is ours to cherish and control. Now Bharat, prompt at duty’s call, Wise, just, and true, is lord of all. Each claim of law, love, gain he knows, And wrath and favour duly shows. A king from truth who never bends, And grace with vigour wisely blends; With valour worthy of his race, He knows the claims of time and place. Now we and other kings of might, By his ensample taught aright, The lands of every region tread That justice may increase and spread. While royal Bharat, wise and just, Rules the broad earth, his glorious trust, Who shall attempt, while he is lord, A deed by Justice held abhorred? We now, as Bharat has decreed, Let justice guide our every deed, And toil each sinner to repress Who scorns the way of righteousness. Thou from that path hast turned aside, And virtue’s holy law defied, Left the fair path which kings should tread, And followed pleasure’s voice instead. The man who cleaves to duty’s law Regards these three with filial awe— The sire, the elder brother, third Him from whose lips his lore he heard. Thus too, for duty’s sake, the wise Regard with fond paternal eyes The well-loved younger brother, one Their lore has ripened, and a son. Fine are the laws which guide the good, Abstruse, and hardly understood; Only the soul, enthroned within The breast of each, knows right from sin. But thou art wild and weak of soul, And spurnest, like thy race, control; The true and right thou canst not find, The blind consulting with the blind. Incline thine ear and I will teach The cause that prompts my present speech. This tempest of thy soul assuage, Nor blame me in thine idle rage. On this great sin thy thoughts bestow, The sin for which I lay thee low. Thou, Báli, in thy brother’s life Hast robbed him of his wedded wife, And keepest, scorning ancient right, His Rumá for thine own delight. Thy son’s own wife should scarcely be More sacred in thine eyes than she. All duty thou hast scorned, and hence Comes punishment for dire offence. For those who blindly do amiss There is, I ween, no way but this: To check the rash who dare to stray From customs which the good obey, I may not, sprung of Kshatriya line, Forgive this heinous sin of thine: The laws for those who sin like thee The penalty of death decree. Now Bharat rules with sovereign sway, And we his royal word obey. There was no hope of pardon, none, For the vile deed that thou hast done, That wisest monarch dooms to die The wretch whose crimes the law defy; And we, chastising those who err, His righteous doom administer. My soul accounts Sugríva dear E’en as my brother Lakshmaṇ here. He brings me blessing, and I swore His wife and kingdom to restore: A bond in solemn honour bound When Vánar chieftains stood around. And can a king like me forsake His friend, and plighted promise break? Reflect, O Vánar, on the cause, The sanction of eternal laws, And, justly smitten down, confess Thou diest for thy wickedness. By honour was I bound to lend Assistance to a faithful friend; And thou hast met a righteous fate Thy former sins to expiate. And thus wilt thou some merit win And make atonement for thy sin. For hear me, Vánar King, rehearse What Manu(597) spake in ancient verse,— This holy law, which all accept Who honour duty, have I kept: “Pure grow the sinners kings chastise, And, like the virtuous, gain the skies; By pain or full atonement freed, They reap the fruit of righteous deed, While kings who punish not incur The penalties of those who err.” Mándhátá(598) once, a noble king, Light of the line from which I spring, Punished with death a devotee When he had stooped to sin like thee; And many a king in ancient time Has punished frantic sinners’ crime, And, when their impious blood was spilt, Has washed away the stain of guilt. Cease, Báli, cease: no more complain: Reproaches and laments are vain, For thou art justly punished: we Obey our king and are not free. Once more, O Báli, lend thine ear Another weightiest plea to hear. For this, when heard and pondered well, Will all complaint and rage dispel. My soul will ne’er this deed repent, Nor was my shaft in anger sent. We take the silvan tribes beset With snare and trap and gin and net, And many a heedless deer we smite From thickest shade, concealed from sight. Wild for the slaughter of the game, At stately stags our shafts we aim. We strike them bounding scared away, We strike them as they stand at bay, When careless in the shade they lie, Or scan the plain with watchful eye. They turn away their heads; we aim, And none the eager hunter blame. Each royal saint, well trained in law Of duty, loves his bow to draw And strike the quarry, e’en as thou Hast fallen by mine arrow now, Fighting with him or unaware,— A Vánar thou.—I little care.(599) But yet, O best of Vánars, know That kings who rule the earth bestow Fruit of pure life and virtuous deed, And lofty duty’s hard-won meed. Harm not thy lord the king: abstain From act and word that cause him pain; For kings are children of the skies Who walk this earth in men’s disguise. But thou, in duty’s claims untaught, Thy breast with blinding passion fraught, Assailest me who still have clung To duty, with thy bitter tongue.”

He ceased: and Báli sore distressed The sovereign claims of law confessed, And freed, o’erwhelmed with woe and shame, The lord of Raghu’s race from blame. Then, reverent palm to palm applied, To Ráma thus the Vánar cried: “True, best of men, is every word That from thy lips these ears have heard, It ill beseems a wretch like me To bandy empty words with thee. Forgive the angry taunts that broke From my wild bosom as I spoke. And lay not to my charge, O King, My mad reproaches’ idle sting. Thou, in the truth by trial trained, Best knowledge of the right hast gained: And layest, just and pure within, The meetest penalty on sin. Through every bond of law I burst, The boldest sinner and the worst. O let thy right-instructing speech Console my heart and wisely teach.”

Like some sad elephant who stands Fast sinking in the treacherous sands, Thus Báli raised despairing eyes; Then spake again with sobs and sighs:

“Not for myself, O King, I grieve, For Tárá or the friends I leave, As for sweet Angad, my dear son, My noble, only little one. For, nursed in luxury and bliss, His father he will mourn and miss, And like a stream whose fount is dry Will waste away and sink and die,— My own dear child, my only boy, His mother Tárá’s hope and joy. Spare him, O son of Raghu, spare The child entrusted to thy care. My Angad and Sugríva treat E’en as thy heart considers meet, For thou, O chief of men, art strong To guard the right and punish wrong. O, if thou wilt thine ear incline To hear these dying words of mine, He and Sugríva will to thee As Bharat and as Lakshmaṇ be. Let not my Tárá, left forlorn, Weep for Sugríva’s wrathful scorn; Nor let him, for her lord’s offence, Condemn her faithful innocence. And well and wisely may he reign If thy dear grace his power sustain: If, following thee his friend and guide, He turn not from thy hest aside: Thus may he reign with glory, nay Thus to the skies will win his way. Though stayed by Tárá’s fond recall, By thy dear hand I longed to fall. Against my brother rushed and fought, And gained the death I long have sought.”

Then Ráma thus the prince consoled From whose clear eyes the mists were rolled: “Grieve not for those thou leavest thus, Nor tremble for thyself or us, For we will deal with thine and thee As duty and the laws decree. He who exacts and he who pays, Is justly slain or justly slays, Shall in the life to come have bliss; For each has done his task in this. Thou, wandering from the right, art made Pure by the forfeit thou hast paid. Thy weight of sins is cast aside, And duty’s claim is satisfied. Then grieve no more, O Prince, but clear Thy bosom from all doubt and fear, For fate, inexorably stern, Thou hast no power to move or turn. Thy princely Angad still will share My tender love, Sugríva’s care; And to thy offspring shall be shown Affection that shall match thine own.”

## Canto XIX. Tárá’s Grief.

No answer gave the Vánar king To Ráma’s prudent counselling. Battered and bruised by tree and stone, By Ráma’s arrow overthrown, Fainting upon the ground he lay, Gasping his troubled life away.

But Tárá in the Vánar’s hall Heard tidings of her husband’s fall; Heard that a shaft from Ráma’s bow Had laid the royal Báli low. Her darling Angad by her side, Distracted from her home she hied. Then nigh the place of battle drew The Vánars, Angad’s retinue. They saw the bow-armed Ráma: dread Fell on them, and they turned and fled. Like helpless deer, their leaders slain, So wildly fled the startled train. But Tárá saw, and nearer pressed, And thus the flying band addressed: “O Vánars, ye who ever stand About our king, a trusty band, Where is the lion master? why Forsake ye thus your lord and fly? Say, lies he dead upon the plain, A brother by a brother slain, Or pierced by shafts from Ráma’s bow That rain from far upon the foe?”

Thus Tárá questioned, and was still: Then, wearers of each shape at will, The Vánars thus with one accord Answered the Lady of their lord: “Turn, Tárá turn, and half undone Save Angad thy beloved son. There Ráma stands in death’s disguise, And conquered Báli faints and dies. He by whose strong arm, thick and fast, Uprooted trees and rocks were cast, Lies smitten by a shaft that came Resistless as the lightning flame. When he, whose splendour once could vie With Indra’s, regent of the sky, Fell by that deadly arrow, all The Vánars fled who marked his fall. Let all our chiefs their succours bring, And Angad be anointed king; For all who come of Vánar race Will serve him set in Báli’s place. Or else our conquering foes to-day Within our wall will force their way, Polluting with their hostile feet The chambers of thy loved retreat. Great fear is on us, all and one. Those who have wives and who have none, They lust for power, are fierce and bold, Or hate us for the strife of old.”

She heard their speech as, sore afraid, Arrested in their flight, they stayed, And gave her answer as became The spirit of so true a dame: “Nay, what have I to do with pelf, With son, with kingdom, or with self, When he, my noble lord, who leads The Vánars like a lion, bleeds? His high-souled victor will I meet, And throw me prostrate at his feet.”

She hastened forth, her bosom rent With anguish, weeping as she went, And striking, mastered by her woes, Her head and breast with frantic blows. She hurried to the field and found Her husband prostrate on the ground, Who quelled the hostile Vánars’ might, Whose bank was never turned in flight: Whose arm a massy rock could throw As Indra hurls his bolts below: Fierce as the rushing tempest, loud As thunder from a labouring cloud: Whene’er he roared his voice of fear Struck terror on the boldest ear: Now slain, as, hungry for the prey, A tiger might a lion slay: Or when, his serpent foe to seek, Suparṇa(600) with his furious beak Tears up a sacred hillock, long The reverence of a village throng, Its altar with their offerings spread, And the gay flag that waved o’erhead. She looked and saw the victor stand Resting upon his bow his hand: And fierce Sugríva she descried, And Lakshmaṇ by his brother’s side. She passed them by, nor stayed to view, Swift to her husband’s side she flew; Then as she looked, her strength gave way, And in the dust she fell and lay. Then, as if startled ere the close Of slumber, from the earth she rose. Upon her dying husband, round Whose soul the coils of Death were wound, Her eyes in agony she bent And called him with a shrill lament. Sugríva, when he heard her cries, And saw the queen with weeping eyes, And youthful Angad standing there, His load of grief could hardly bear.

## Canto XX. Tárá’s Lament.

Again she bent her to the ground, Her arms about her husband wound. Sobbed on his breast, and sick and faint With anguish poured her wild complaint: “Brave in the charge of battle, boast And glory of the Vánar host, Why on the cold earth wilt thou lie And give no answer when I cry? Up, warrior, from thy lowly bed! A meeter couch for thee is spread. It ill beseems a glorious king On the bare ground his limbs to fling. Ah, surely must thy love be strong For her whom thou hast governed long, If thou, my hero, canst recline On her cold breast forsaking mine. Or, famed for justice through the land, Thou on the road to heaven hast planned Some city fairer far than this To be thy new metropolis. Are all our pleasures ended now, With those delicious hours which thou And I, dear lord, together spent In woods that breathed the honey’s scent? Whelmed in my sorrow’s boundless sea, There is no joy, no hope, for me, When my beloved lord, who led The Vánars to the fight, is dead, My widowed heart is stern and cold. Or, at the sight mine eyes behold, O’ermastered would it end this ache And in a thousand fragments break. Ah noble Vánar, doomed to pay The penalty of all today— Sugríva from his home expelled, And Rumá(601) from his arms withheld. Our Vánar race and thee to save, Wise counsel for thy weal I gave; But thou, by wildest folly stirred, Wouldst give no credence to my word, And now wilt woo the nymphs above, And shake their souls with pangs of love. Ah, never could it be that thou Beneath Sugríva’s power shouldst bow, Thy conqueror is none but Fate Whose mandates all who breathe await. And does no thrill of anguish run Through the stern breast of Raghu’s son, Whose base hand dealt a coward’s blow, And smote thee fighting with thy foe? Reft of my lord my days, alas! In bitter bitter woe will pass: And I, long blest with every good, Must bear my dreary widowhood. And when his uncle’s brow is stern, When his fierce eyes with fury burn, Ah, what will be my Angad’s fate, So fair and young and delicate? Come, darling, for the last sad sight, Of thy dear sire who loved the right; For soon thine eyes will long in vain A look at that loved face to gain. And, hero, as thy child draws near, With tender words his spirit cheer; Thy dying wishes gently speak, And kiss him on the brows and cheek. High fame, I ween, has Ráma won By this great deed his hand has done, His debt to brave Sugríva paid And kept the promise that he made. Be happy, King Sugríva, lord Of Ramá to thine arms restored: Enjoy uninterrupted reign, For he, thy foe, at length is slain. Dost thou not hear me speak, and why Hast thou no word of soft reply? Will thou not lift thine eyes and see These dames who look to none but thee?”

From their sad eyes, as Tárá spoke, The floods of bitter sorrow broke: Then, pressing close to Angad’s side, Each lifted up her voice and cried:

“How couldst thou leave thine Angad thus, And go, for ever go, from us— Thy child so dear in brave attire, Graced with the virtues of his sire? If e’er in want of thought, O chief, One deed of mine have caused thee grief, Forgive my folly, I entreat, And with my head I touch thy feet.”

Again the hapless Tárá wept As to her husband’s side she crept, And wild with sorrow and dismay Sat on the ground where Báli lay.

## Canto XXI. Hanumán’s Speech.

There, like a fallen star, the dame Fell by her lord’s half lifeless frame; And Hanumán drew softly near, And strove her grieving heart to cheer:

“By changeless law our bliss and woe From ancient worth and folly flow. What fruits soe’er we cull, the seeds Were scattered by our former deeds.(602) Why mourn another’s mournful fate, And weep, thyself unfortunate? Be calm, O thou whose heart is wise, For none deserves another’s sighs. Look up, with idle sorrow strive: Thy child, his heir, is yet alive. Let needful rites be duly done, Nor in thy woe forget thy son. Regard the law which all obey: They spring to life, they pass away. Begin the task that bids thee rise, And stay these tears, for thou art wise. Our lord the king is doomed to die, On whom ten million hearts rely. Kind, liberal, patient, true, and just Was he in whom they place their trust, And now he seeks the land of those Who for the right subdue their foes. Each Vánar lord with all his train, Each ranger of this wild domain, And Angad here, thy darling, see A governor and friend in thee. These twain(603) whose hearts with sorrow ache The funeral rites shall undertake, And Angad by his mother’s care Be king, his father’s rightful heir. Now let him pay, as laws require, His sacred duty to his sire, Nor one solemnity omit Of all that mighty kings befit. And when thy fond eye sees thine own Dear Angad on his father’s throne, Then, lightened of its load of pain, Thy spirit will have rest again.”

She heard his speech, she heaved her head, Looked upon Hanumán and said:

“Sweeter my slain lord’s limbs to touch, Than Angad or a hundred such. No rule or right, a widowed dame, O’er Angad or the realm I claim. Sugríva is the uncle, he In every act supreme must be. I pray thee, chief, this plan resign, Nor claim from me what ne’er is mine. The father with his tender care Guards the dear child the mother bare, Where’er I be, no sweeter task, No happier joy I hope or ask Than thus to sit with loving eyes And watch the bed where Báli lies.

## Canto XXII. Báli Dead.

There breathing still with slow faint sighs Lay Báli on the ground: his eyes, Damp with the tears of death, he raised, On conquering Sugríva gazed, And then in clearest speech expressed The tender feelings of his breast: “Not to my charge, Sugríva, lay Thine injuries avenged to-day; But rather blame resistless Fate That urged me on infuriate. Fate ne’er agreed our lives to bless With simultaneous happiness: To dwell like brothers side by side In tender love was still denied. The Vánars’ realm is thine to-day: Begin, O King, thy rightful sway;(604) For I must go at Yáma’s call To sojourn in his gloomy hall; Must part and leave this very hour My life, my realm, my kingly power, And go instead of these to gain Bright glory free from spot and stain. Now at thy hands one boon I seek With the last words my lips shall speak, And, though it be no easy thing, Perform the task I give thee, King. This son of mine, no foolish boy, Worthy of bliss and nursed in joy,— See, prostrate on the ground he lies, The hot tears welling from his eyes— The child I love so well, more sweet Than life itself, for woe unmeet,— To him be kindly favour shown: O guard and keep him as thine own. Retain him ever by thy side, His father, helper, friend, and guide. From fear and woe his young life save, And give him all his father gave. Then Tárá’s son in time shall be Brave, resolute, and famed like thee, And march before thee to the fight Where stricken fiends shall own his might. While yet a tender stripling, fame Shall bruit abroad his warrior name, And brightly shall his glory shine For exploits worthy of his line. Child of Susheṇ,(605) my Tárá well Obscurest lore can read and tell; And, trained in wondrous art, divines Each mystery of boding signs. Her solemn warning ne’er despise, Do boldly what her lips advise; For things to come her eye can see, And with her words events agree. And for the son of Raghu’s sake The toil and danger undertake: For breach of faith were grievous wrong, Nor wouldst thou be unpunished long. Now, brother, take this chain of gold, Gift of celestial hands of old, Or when I die its charm will flee, And all its might be lost with me.”

The loving speech Sugríva heard, And all his heart with woe was stirred. Remorse and gentle pity stole Each thought of triumph from his soul: Thus fades the light when Ráhu(606) mars The glory of the Lord of Stars.(607) All angry thoughts were stayed and stilled And kindly love his bosom filled. His brother’s word the chief obeyed And took the chain as Báli prayed. On little Angad standing nigh The dying hero fixed his eye, And, ready from this world to part, Spoke the fond utterance of his heart:

“Let time and place thy thoughts employ: In woe be strong, be meek in joy. Accept both pain and pleasure, still Obedient to Sugríva’s will. Thou hast, my darling, from the first With tender care been softly nursed; But harder days, if thou wouldst win Sugríva’s love, must now begin. To those who hate him ne’er incline, Nor count his foe a friend of thine. In all thy thoughts his welfare seek, Obedient, lowly, faithful, meek. Let no rash suit his bosom pain, Nor yet from due requests abstain.(608) Each is a grievous fault, between The two is found the happy mean.”

Then Báli ceased: his eyeballs rolled In stress of anguish uncontrolled His massive teeth were bared to view, And from the frame the spirit flew. Their lord and leader dead, the crowd Of noblest Vánars shrieked aloud: “Since thou, O King, hast sought the skies All desolate Kishkindhá lies. Her woods, where Vánars loved to rove, Are empty now, and hill and grove. From every eye the light is fled, Since thou, our mighty lord, art dead. Thine was the unwearied arm that bore The brunt of deadly fight of yore With Golabh the Gandharva, when, Lasting through five long years and ten, The dreadful conflict knew no stay In gloom of night, in glare of day; And when the fifteenth year had past Thy dire opponent fell at last. If such a foeman fell beneath Our hero’s arm and awful teeth Who freed us from our terror, how Is conquering Báli fallen now?”

Then when they saw their leader slain Great anguish seized the Vánar train, Weeping their mighty chief, as when In pastures near a lion’s den The cows by sudden fear are stirred, Slain the bold bull who led the herd. And hapless Tárá sank below The whelming waters of her woe, Looked upon Báli’s face and fell Beside him whom she loved go well, Like a young creeper clinging round A tall tree prostrate on the ground.

## Canto XXIII. Tárá’s Lament.

She kissed her lifeless husband’s face, She clasped him in a close embrace, Laid her soft lips upon his head; Then words like these the mourner said:

“No words of mine wouldst thou regard, And now thy bed is cold and hard. Upon the rude rough ground o’erthrown, Beneath thee naught but sand and stone. To thee the earth is dearer far Than I and my caresses are, If thou upon her breast wilt lie, And to my words make no reply. Ah my beloved, good and brave, Bold to attack and strong to save, Fate is Sugríva’s thrall, and we In him our lord and master see. Lo, by thy bed, a mournful band, Thy Vánar chiefs lamenting stand. O hear thy nobles’ groans and cries, O mark thy Angad’s weeping eyes, O list to my entreaties, break The chains of slumber and awake. Ah me, my lord, this lowly bed Where rest thy limbs and fallen head, Is the cold couch where smitten lay Thy foemen in the bloody fray. O noble heart from blemish free, Lover of war, beloved by me. Why hast thou fled away and left Thy Tárá of all hope bereft? Unwise the father who allows His child to be a warrior’s spouse, For, hero, see thy consort’s fate, A widow now most desolate, For ever broken is my pride, My hope of lasting bliss has died, And sinking in the lowest deep Of sorrow’s sea I pine and weep. Ah, surely not of earthly mould, This stony heart is stern and cold, Or, in a hundred pieces rent, It had not lingered to lament. Dead, dead! my husband, friend, and lord In whom my loving hopes were stored, First in the field, his foemen’s dread, My own victorious Báli, dead! A woman when her lord has died, Though children flourish by her side, Though stores of gold her coffers fill, Is called a lonely widow still. Alas, thy bleeding gashes make Around thy limbs a purple lake: Thus slumbering was thy wont to lie On cushions bright with crimson dye. Dark streams of welling blood besmear Thy limbs where dust and mire adhere, Nor have I strength, weighed down by woe, Mine arms about thy form to throw. The issue of this day has brought Sugríva all his wishes sought, For Ráma shot one shaft and he Is freed from fear and jeopardy. Alas, alas, I may not rest My head upon thy wounded breast, Obstructed by the massive dart Deep buried in thy bleeding heart.”

Then Níla from his bosom drew The fatal shaft that pierced him through, Like some tremendous serpent deep In caverns of a hill asleep. As from the hero’s wound it came, Shot from the shaft a gleam of flame, Like the last flashes of the sun Descending when his course is run. From the wide rent in crimson flood Rushed the full stream of Báli’s blood, Like torrents down a mountain’s side With golden ore and copper dyed. Then Tárá brushed with tender care The dust of battle from his hair, While her sad eyes poured down their rain Upon her lord untimely slain. Once more she looked upon the dead; Then to her bright-eyed child she said: “Turn hither, turn thy weeping eyes Where low in death thy father lies. By sinful deed and bitter hate Our lord has met his mournful fate. Bright as the sun at early morn To Yáma’s halls is Báli borne. Then go, my child, salute the king, From whom our bliss and honour spring.”

Obedient to his mother’s hest His father’s feet he gently pressed With twining arms and lingering hands: “Father,” he cried, “here Angad stands.”

Then Tárá: “Art thou stern and mute, Regardless of thy child’s salute? Hast thou no blessing for thy son, No word for little Angad, none? O, hero, at thy lifeless feet Here with my boy I take my seat, As some sad mother of the herd, By the fierce lion undeterred, Lies moaning by the grassy dell Wherein her lord and leader fell. How, having wrought that awful rite, The sacrifice of deadly fight, Wherein the shaft by Ráma sped Supplied the place of water shed, How hast thou bathed thee at the end Without thy wife her aid to lend?(609) Why do mine eyes no more behold Thy bright beloved chain of gold, Which, pleased with thee, the Immortals’ King About thy neck vouchsafed to fling? Still lingering on thy lifeless face I see the pride of royal race: Thus when the sun has set, his glow Still rests upon the Lord of Snow. Alas my hero! undeterred Thou wouldst not listen to my word. With tears and prayers I sued in vain: Thou wouldst not listen, and art slain. Gone is my bliss, my glory: I And Angad now with thee will die.”

## Canto XXIV. Sugríva’s Lament.

But when Sugríva saw her weep O’erwhelmed in sorrow’s rushing deep, Swift through his bosom pierced the sting Of anguish for the fallen king. At the sad sight his eyes beheld A flood of bitter tears outwelled, And, with his bosom racked and rent, To Ráma with his train he went. He came with faltering steps and slow Where Ráma held his mighty bow And arrow like a venomed snake, And to the son of Raghu spake: “Well hast thou kept, O King, thy vow: The promised fruit is gathered now. But life is marred, my soul to-day Turns sickening from all joy away. For, while this queen laments and sighs Amid a mourning people’s cries, And Angad weeps his father slain, How can my heart delight to reign? For outrage, fury, senseless pride, My brother, doomed of yore, has died. Yet, Raghu’s son, in bitter woe I mourn his fated overthrow. Ah, better far in pain and ill To dwell on Rishyamúka still Than gain the heaven of Gods and all Its pleasures by my brother’s fall. Did not he cry,—great-hearted foe,— “Go, for I will not slay thee, Go”? With his brave soul those words agree: My speech, my deeds, are worthy me. How can a brother counterweigh His grievous loss with joys of sway, And see with dull unpitying eye So brave and good a brother die? His lofty soul was nobly blind: My death alas, he ne’er designed; But I, urged blindly on by hate, Sought with his life my rage to sate. He smote me with a splintered tree: I groaned aloud and turned to flee, From stern reproaches he forbore, And gently bade me sin no more. Serene and dutiful and good He kept the laws of brotherhood: I, fierce and greedy, vengeful, base, Showed all the vices of our race. Ah me, dear friend, my brother’s fate Lays on my soul a crushing weight: A sin no heart should e’er conceive, But at the thought each soul should grieve: Sin such as Indra’s when his blow Laid heavenly Viśvarúpa(610) low. Yet earth, the waters of the seas, The race of women and the trees Were fain upon themselves to take The weight of sin for Indra’s sake. But who a Vánar’s soul will free, Or ease the load that crushes me? Wretch that I am, I may not claim The reverence due to royal name. How shall I reign supreme, or dare Affect the power I should not share? Ah me, I sorrow for my sin, The ruin of my race and kin, Polluted by a hideous crime World-hated till the end of time. Alas, the floods of sorrow roll With whelming force upon my soul: So gathers the descending rain In the deep hollow of the plain.”

## Canto XXV. Ráma’s Speech.

Then Raghu’s son, whose feeling breast Shared the great woe that moved the rest, Strove with wise charm their grief to ease And gently spoke in words like these:

“You ne’er can raise the dead to bliss By agony of grief like this. Cease your lament, nor leave undone The funeral task you may not shun. As nature orders o’er the dead. Your tributary tears are shed, But Fate, directing each event, Is still the lord preëminent. Yes, all obey the changeless laws Of Fate the universal cause. By Fate, the lives of all proceed, That governs every word and deed, None acts, none sees his hest obeyed, But each and all by Fate are swayed. The world its ordered course maintains, And o’er that course Fate ever reigns. Fate ne’er exceeds the rule of Fate: Is ne’er too swift, is ne’er too late, And making nature its ally Forgets no life, nor passes by. No kith and kin, no power and force Can check or stay its settled course, No friend or client, grace or charm, That victor of the world disarm. So all who see with prudent eyes The hand of Fate must recognize, For virtue rules, or love, or gain, As Fate’s unchanged decrees ordain. Báli has died and won the meed That waits in heaven on noble deed, Throned in the seats the brave may reach By liberal hand and gentle speech, True to a warrior’s duty, bold In fight, the hero lofty-souled Deigned not to guard his life: he died, And now in heaven is glorified. Then cease these tears and wild despair: Turn to the task that claims your care, For Báli’s is the glorious fate Which warriors count most fortunate.”

When Ráma’s speech had found a close, Brave Lakshmaṇ, terror of his foes, With wise and soothing words addressed Sugríva still with woe oppressed: “Arise Sugríva,” thus he said, “Perform the service of the dead. Prepare with Tárá and her son That Báli’s rites be duly done. A store of funeral wood provide Which wind and sun and time have dried And richest sandal fit to grace The pyre of one of royal race. With words of comfort soft and kind Console poor Angad’s troubled mind, Nor let thy heart be thus cast down, For thine is now the Vánars’ town. Let Angad’s care a wreath supply, And raiment rich with varied dye, And oil and perfumes for the fire, And all the solemn rites require. Go, hasten to the town, O King, And Tárá’s little quickly bring. A virtue is despatch: and speed Is best of all in hour of need. Go, let a chosen band prepare The litter of the dead to bear. For stout and tall and strong of limb Must be the chiefs who carry him.”

He spoke,—his friends’ delight and pride,— Then stood again by Ráma’s side. When Tára(611) heard the words he said Within the town he quickly sped, And brought, on stalwart shoulders laid, The litter for the rites arrayed, Framed like a car for Gods, complete With painted sides and royal seat, With latticed windows deftly made, And golden birds and trees inlaid: Well joined and wrought in every part, A marvel of ingenious art. Where pleasure mounds in carven wood And many a graven figure stood. The best of jewels o’er it hung, And wreaths of flowers around it clung, And over all was raised on high A canopy of saffron dye, While like the sun of morning shone The brilliant blooms that lay thereon. That glorious litter Ráma eyed. And spake to Lakshmaṇ by his side: “Let Báli on the bier be placed And with all funeral service graced.” Sugríva then with many a tear Drew Báli’s body to the bier Whereon, with weeping Angad’s aid, The relics of the chief were laid Neath many a vesture’s varied fold, And wreaths and ornaments and gold. Then King Sugríva bade them speed The obsequies by law decreed: “Let Vánars lead the way and throw Rich gems around them as they go, And be the chosen bearers near Behind them laden with the bier. No costly rite may you deny, Used when the proudest monarchs die: As for a king of widest sway. Perform his obsequies to-day.” Sugríva gave his high behest; Then Princely Tára and the rest, With little Angad weeping, led The long procession of the dead. Behind the funeral litter came, With Tárá first, each widowed dame, In tears and shrieks her loss deplored, Add cried aloud, My lord! My lord! While wood and hill and valley sent In echoes back the shrill lament. Then on a low and sandy isle Was reared the hero’s funeral pile By crowds of toiling Vánars, where The mountain stream ran fresh and fair, The Vánar chiefs, a noble band, Had laid the litter on the sand, And stood a little space apart, Each mourning in his inmost heart. But Tárá, when her weeping eye Saw Báli, on the litter lie, Laid his dear head upon her lap, And wailed aloud her dire mishap; “O mighty Vánar, lord and king, To whose fond breast I loved to cling, Of goodly arms, wise, brave, and bold, Rise, look upon me as of old. Rise up, my sovereign, dost thou see A crowd of subjects weep for thee? Still o’er thy face, though breath has fled, The joyous light of life is spread: Thus around the sun, although he set, A crimson glory lingers yet. Death clad in Ráma’s form to-day Hast dragged thee from the world away. One shaft from his tremendous bow Dooms us to widowhood and woe. Hast thou, O Vánar King, no eyes Thy weeping wives to recognize, Who for the length of way unmeet Have followed thee with weary feet? Yet every moon-faced beauty here By thee, O King was counted dear. Lord of the Vánar race, hast thou No eyes to see Sugríva now? About thee stands in mournful mood A sore-afflicted multitude, And Tára and thy lords of state Around their monarch weep and wait. Arise my lord, with gentle speech, As was thy wont, dismissing each, Then in the forest will we play And love shall make our spirits gay.”

The Vánar dames raised Tárá, drowned In floods of sorrow, from the ground; And Angad with Sugríva’s aid, O’erwhelmed with anguish and dismayed, Weeping for his departed sire, Placed Báli’s body on the pyre: Then lit the flame, and round the dead Passed slowly with a mourner’s tread. Thus with full rites the funeral train Performed the service for the slain, Then sought the flowing stream and made Libations to the parted shade. There, setting Angad first in place, The chieftains of the Vánar race, With Tárá and Sugríva, shed The water that delights the dead.

## Canto XXVI. The Coronation.

Each Vánar councillor and peer In crowded numbers gathered near Sugríva, mournful king, while yet His vesture from the wave was wet, Before the chief of Raghu’s seed Unwearied in each arduous deed, They stood and raised the reverent hand As saints before Lord Brahmá stand. Then Hanumán of massive mould, Like some tall hill of glistering gold, Son of the God whose wild blasts shake The forest, thus to Ráma spake: “By thy kind favour, O my lord, Sugríva, to his home restored Triumphant, has regained to-day His rank and power and royal sway. He now will call each faithful friend, Enter the city, and attend With sage advice and prudent care To every task that waits him there. Then balm and unguent shall anoint Our monarch, as the laws appoint, And gems and precious wreaths shall be His grateful offering, King, to thee. Do thou, O Ráma, with thy friend Thy steps within the city bend; Our ruler on his throne install, And with thy presence cheer us all.”

Then, skilled in lore and arts that guide The speaker, Raghu’s son replied: “For fourteen years I might not break The mandate that my father spake; Nor can I, till that time be fled, The street of town or village tread. Let King Sugríva seek the town Most worthy of her high renown, There let him be without delay Anointed, and begin his sway.”

This answered, to Sugríva then Thus spake anew the king of men: “Do thou who knowest right ordain Prince Angad consort of thy reign; For he is noble, true, and bold, And trained a righteous course to hold Gifts like his sire’s that youth adorn Born eldest to the eldest born. This is the month of Śrávaṇ,(612) first Of those that see the rain-clouds burst. Four months, thou knowest well, extends The season when the rain descends. No time for deeds of war is this: Seek thou thy fair metropolis, And I with Lakshmaṇ, O my friend, The time upon this hill will spend. An ample cavern opens there Made lovely by the mountain air, And lotuses and lilies fill The pleasant lake and murmuring rill. When Kártik’s(613) month shall clear the skies, Then tempt the mighty enterprise. Now, chieftain to thy home repair, And be anointed sovereign there.”

Sugríva heard: he bowed his head: Within the lovely town he sped Which Báli’s royal will had swayed, Where thousand Vánar chiefs arrayed Gathered in order round their king, And led him on with welcoming. Low on the earth the lesser crowd Fell in prostration as they bowed. Sugríva looked with grateful eyes, Spake to them all and bade them rise. Then through the royal bowers he strode Wherein the monarch’s wives abode. Soon from the inner chambers came The Vánar of exalted fame; And joyful friends drew near and shed King-making balm upon his head, Like Gods anointing in the skies Their sovereign of the thousand eyes.(614) Then brought they, o’er their king to hold The white umbrella decked with gold, And chouries with their waving hair In golden handles wondrous fair; And fragrant herbs and seed and spice, And sparkling gems exceeding price, And every bloom from woods and leas, And gum distilled from milky trees; And precious ointment white as milk, And spotless robes of cloth and silk, Wreaths of sweet flowers whose glories gleam In grassy grove, on lake or stream. And fragrant sandal and each scent That makes the soft breeze redolent; Grain, honey, odorous seed, and store Of oil and curd and golden ore; A noble tiger’s skin, a pair Of sandals wrought with costliest care, Eight pairs of damsels drawing nigh Brought unguents stained with varied dye. Then gems and cates and robes displayed Before the twice-born priests were laid, That they would deign in order due To consecrate the king anew. The sacred grass was duly spread And sacrificial flame was fed, Which Scripture-learned priests supplied With oil which texts had sanctified. Then, with all rites ordained of old, High on the terrace bright with gold, Whereon a glorious carpet lay, And fresh-culled garlands sweet and gay, Placed on his throne, Sugríva bent His looks toward the Orient. In horns from forehead of the bull, In pitchers bright and beautiful, In urns of gold the Vánara took Pure water brought from stream and brook, From every consecrated strand And every sea that beats the land. Then, as prescribed by sacred lore And many a mighty sage of yore,(615) The leaders of the Vánars poured The sacred water on their lord.(616) From every Vánar at the close Of that imperial rite arose Shouts of glad triumph, loud and long Repeated by the high-souled throng. Sugríva, when the rite was done, Obeyed the hest of Raghu’s son, Prince Angad to his breast he strained, And partner of his sway ordained. Once more from all the host rang out The loud huzza and jovful shout. “Well done! well done!” each Vánar cried, And good Sugríva glorified. Then with glad voices loudly raised Were Ráma and his brother praised; And bright Kishkindhá shone that day With happy throngs and banners gay.

## Canto XXVII. Ráma On The Hill.

But when the solemn rite was o’er, And bold Sugríva reigned once more, The sons of Raghu sought the hill, Praśravaṇ of the rushing rill, Where roamed the tiger and the deer, And lions raised their voice of fear; Thick set with trees of every kind, With trailing shrubs and plants entwined; Home of the ape and monkey, lair Of mountain cat and pard and bear. In cloudy gloom against the sky The sanctifying hills rose high. Pierced in their crest, a spacious cave To Raghu’s sons a shelter gave. Then Ráma, pure from every crime, In words well suited to the time To Lakshmaṇ spake, whose faithful zeal Watched humbly for his brother’s weal: “I love this spacious cavern where There breathes a fresh and pleasant air. Brave brother, let us here remain Throughout the season of the rain. For in mine eyes this mountain crest Is above all, the loveliest. Where copper-hued and black and white Show the huge blocks that face the height; Where gleams the shine of varied ore, Where dark clouds hang and torrents roar; Where waving woods are fair to see, And creepers climb from tree to tree; Where the gay peacock’s voice is shrill, And sweet birds carol on the hill; Where odorous breath is wafted far From Jessamine and Sinduvár;(617) And opening flowers of every hue Give wondrous beauty to the view. See, too, this pleasant water near Our cavern home is fresh and clear; And lilies gay with flower and bud Are glorious on the lovely flood. This cave that fares north and east Will shelter us till rain has ceased; And towering hills that rise behind Will screen us from the furious wind. Close by the cavern’s portal lies And level stone of ample size And sable hue, a mighty block Long severed from the parent rock. Now let thine eye bent northward rest A while upon that mountain crest, High as a cloud that brings the rain, And dark as iron rent in twain. Look southward, brother, now and view A cloudy pile of paler hue Like Mount Kailása’s topmost height Where ores of every tint are bright. See, Lakshman, see before our cave That clear brook eastward roll its wave As though ’twere Gangá’s infant rill Down streaming from the three-peaked hill. See, by the water’s gentle flow Aśoka, sál, and sandal grow. And every lovely tree most fair With leaf and bud and flower is there. See there, beneath the bending trees That fringe her bank, the river flees, Clothed with their beauty like a maid In all her robes and gems arrayed, While from the sedgy banks are heard The soft notes of each amorous bird. O see what lovely islets stud Like gems the bosom of the flood, And sárases and wild swans crowd About her till she laughs aloud. See, lotus blooms the brook o’erspread, Some tender blue, some dazzling red, And opening lilies white as snow Their buds in rich profusion show. There rings the joyous peacock’s scream, There stands the curlew by the stream, And holy hermits love to throng Where the sweet waters speed along. Ranged on the grassy margin shine Gay sandal trees in glittering line, And all the wondrous verdure seems The offspring of creative dreams. O conquering Prince, there cannot be A lovelier place than this we see. Here sheltered on the beauteous height Our days will pass in calm delight. Nor is Kishkindhá’s city, gay With grove and garden, far away. Thence will the breeze of evening bring Sweet music as the minstrels sing; And, when the Vánars dance, will come The sound of tabour and of drum. Again to spouse and realm restored, Girt by his friends, the Vánar lord Great glory has acquired; and how Can he be less than happy now?”

This said, the son of Raghu made His dwelling in that pleasant shade Upon the mountain’s shelving side That sweetly all his wants supplied. But still the hero’s troubled mind No comfort in his woe could find, Yet mourning for his stolen wife Dearer to Ráma than his life, Chief when he saw the Lord of Night Rise slowly o’er the eastern height, He tossed upon his leafy bed With eyes by sleep unvisited. Outwelled the tears in ceaseless flow, And every sense was numbed by woe. Each pang that pierced the mourner through Smote Lakshmaṇ’s faithful bosom too, Who, troubled for his brother’s sake, With wisest words the prince bespake: “Arise, my brother, and be strong: Thy hero heart has mourned too long. Thou knowest well that tears and sighs Will mar the mightiest enterprise. Thine was the soul that loved to dare: To serve the Gods was still thy care; And ne’er may sorrow’s sting subdue A heart so resolute and true. How canst thou hope to slay in fight The giant cruel in his might? Unwearied must the champion be Who strives with such a foe as he. Tear out this sorrow by the root; Again be bold and resolute. Arise, my brother, and subdue The demon and his wicked crew. Thou canst destroy the earth, her seas, Her rooted hills and giant trees Unseated by thy furious hand: And shall one fiend thy power withstand? Wait through this season of the rain Till suns of autumn dry the plain, Then shall thy giant foe, and all His host and realm, before thee fall. I wake thy valour that has slept Amid the tears thine eyes have wept; As drops of oil in worship raise The dormant flame to sudden blaze.”

The son of Raghu heard: he knew His brother’s rede was wise and true; And, honouring his friendly guide, In gentle words he thus replied: “Whate’er a hero firm and bold, Devoted, true, and lofty-souled Should speak by deep affection led, Such are the words which thou hast said. I cast away each pensive thought That brings the noblest plans to naught, And each uninjured power will strain Until the purposed end we gain. Thy prudent words will I obey, And till the close of rain-time stay, When King Sugríva will invite To action, and the streams be bright. The hero saved in hour of need Repays the debt with friendly deed: But hated by the good are they Who take the boon and ne’er repay.”

## Canto XXVIII. The Rains.

“See, brother, see” thus Ráma cried On Mályavat’s(618) dark-wooded side, “A chain of clouds, like lofty hills, The sky with gathering shadow fills. Nine months those clouds have borne the load Conceived from sunbeams as they glowed, And, having drunk the seas, give birth, And drop their offspring on the earth. Easy it seems at such a time That flight of cloudy stairs to climb, And, from their summit, safely won, Hang flowery wreaths about the sun. See how the flash of evening’s red Fringes the fleecy clouds o’erhead Till all the sky is streaked and lined With bleeding wounds incarnadined, Or the wide firmament above Shows like a lover sick with love And, pale with cloudlets, heaves a sigh In the soft breeze that wanders by. See, by the fervent heat embrowned, How drenched with recent showers, the ground Pours out in floods her gushing tears, Like Sítá wild with torturing fears. So softly blows this cloud-born breeze Cool through the boughs of camphor trees That one might hold it in the cup Of hollowed hands and drink it up. See, brother, where that rocky steep, Where odorous shrubs in rain-drops weep, Shows like Sugríva when they shed Tne royal balm upon his head. Like students at their task appear These hills whose misty peaks are near: Black deerskin(619) garments wrought of cloud Their forms with fitting mantles shroud, Each torrent from the summit poured Supplies the place of sacred cord.(620) And winds that in their caverns moan Sound like the voice’s undertone.(621) From east to west red lightnings flash, And, quivering neath the golden lash, The great sky like a generous steed Groans inly at each call to speed. Yon lightning, as it flashes through The giant cloud of sable hue, Recalls my votaress Sítá pressed Mid struggles to the demon’s breast. See, on those mountain ridges stand Sweet shrubs that bud and bloom expand. The soft rain ends their pangs of grief, And drops its pearls on flower and leaf. But all their raptures stab me through And wake my pining love anew.(622) Now through the air no wild bird flies, Each lily shuts her weary eyes; And blooms of opening jasmin show The parting sun has ceased to glow. No captain now for conquest burns, But homeward with his host returns; For roads and kings’ ambitious dreams Have vanished neath descending streams. This is the watery month(623) wherein The Sámar’s(624) sacred chants begin. Áshádha(625) past, now Kośal’s lord(626) The harvest of the spring has stored,(627) And dwells within his palace freed From every care of pressing need. Full is the moon, and fierce and strong Impetuous Sarjú(628) roars along As though Ayodhyá’s crowds ran out To greet their king with echoing shout. In this sweet time of ease and rest No care disturbs Sugríva’s breast, The foe that marred his peace o’erthrown, And queen and realm once more his own. Alas, a harder fate is mine, Reft both of realm and queen to pine, And, like the bank which floods erode, I sink beneath my sorrow’s load. Sore on my soul my miseries weigh, And these long rains our action stay, While Rávan seems a mightier foe Than I dare hope to overthrow. I saw the roads were barred by rain, I knew the hopes of war were vain; Nor could I bid Sugríva rise, Though prompt to aid my enterprise. E’en now I scarce can urge my friend On whom his house and realm depend, Who, after toil and peril past, Is happy with his queen at last. Sugríva after rest will know The hour is come to strike the blow, Nor will his grateful soul forget My succour, or deny the debt I know his generous heart, and hence Await the time with confidence When he his friendly zeal will show, And brooks again untroubled flow.”(629)

## Canto XXIX. Hanumán’s Counsel.

No flash of lightning lit the sky, No cloudlet marred the blue on high. The Saras(630) missed the welcome rain, The moon’s full beams were bright again. Sugríva, lapped in bliss, forgot The claims of faith, or heeded not; And by alluring joys misled The path of falsehood learned to tread. In careless ease he passed each hour, And dallied in his lady’s bower. Each longing of his heart was stilled, And every lofty hope fulfilled. With royal Rumá by his side, Or Tárá yet a dearer bride, He spent each joyous day and night In revelry and wild delight, Like Indra whom the nymphs entice To taste the joys of Paradise. The power to courtiers’ hands resigned, To all their acts his eyes were blind. All doubt, all fear he cast aside And lived with pleasure for his guide. But sage Hanúmán, firm and true, Whose heart the lore of Scripture knew, Well trained to meet occasion, trained In all by duty’s law ordained, Strove with his prudent speech to find Soft access to the monarch’s mind. He, skilled in every gentle art Of eloquence that wins the heart, Sugríva from his trance to wake, His salutary counsel spake:

“The realm is won, thy name advanced, The glory of thy house enhanced, And now thy foremost care should be To aid the friends who succoured thee. He who is firm and faithful found To friendly ties in honour bound, Will see his name and fame increase And his blest kingdom thrive in peace. Wide sway is his who truly boasts That friends and treasure, self and hosts, All blent in one harmonious whole, Are subject to his firm control. Do thou, whose footsteps never stray From the clear bounds of duty’s way, Assist, as honour bids thee, now Thy friends, observant of thy vow. For if all cares we lay not by, And to our friend’s assistance fly, We, after, toil in idle haste, And all the late endeavour waste. Up! nor the promised help delay Until the hour have slipped away. Up! and with Raghu’s son renew The search for Sítá lost to view. The hour is come: he hears the call, But not on thee reproaches fall From him who labours to repress His eager spirit’s restlessness. Long joined to thee in friendly ties He made thy fame and fortune rise, In gentle gifts by none excelled. In splendid might unparalleled. Up, to his succour, King! repay The favour of that prosperous day, And to thy bravest captains send Prompt mandates to assist thy friend. The cry for help thou wilt not spurn Although no grace demands return: And wilt thou not thine aid afford To him who realm and life restored? Exert thy power, and thou hast won The love of Daśaratha’s son: And wilt thou for his summons wait, And, till he call thee, hesitate? Think not the hero needs thy power To save him in the desperate hour: He with his arrows could subdue The Gods and all the demon crew, And only waits that he may see Redeemed the promise made by thee. For thee he risked his life and fought, For thee that great deliverance wrought. Then let us trace through earth and skies His lady wheresoe’er she lies. Through realms above, beneath, we flee, And plant our footsteps on the sea. Then why, O Lord of Vánars, still Delay us waiting for thy will? Give thy commands, O King, and say What task has each and where the way. Before thee myriad Vánars stand To sweep through heaven, o’er seas and land.”

Sugríva heard the timely rede That roused him in the day of need, And thus to Níla prompt and brave His hest the imperial Vánar gave: “Go, Níla, to the distant hosts That keep in arms their several posts, And all the armies that protect The quarters,(631) with their chiefs, collect. To all the luminaries placed In intermediate regions haste, And bid each captain rise and lead His squadrons to their king with speed. Do thou meanwhile with strictest care All that the time requires prepare. The loitering Vánar who delays To gather here ere thrice five days, Shall surely die for his offence, Condemned for sinful negligence.”

## Canto XXX. Ráma’s Lament.

But Ráma in the autumn night Stood musing on the mountain height, While grief and love that scorned control Shook with wild storms the hero’s soul. Clear was the sky, without a cloud The glory of the moon to shroud. And bright with purest silver shone Each hill the soft beams looked upon. He knew Sugríva’s heart was bent On pleasure, gay and negligent. He thought on Janak’s child forlorn From his fond arms for ever torn. He mourned occasion slipping by, And faint with anguish heaved each sigh. He sat where many a varied streak Of rich ore marked the mountain peak. He raised his eyes the sky to view, And to his love his sad thoughts flew. He heard the Sáras cry, and faint With sorrow poured his love-born plaint: “She, she who mocked the softest tone Of wild birds’ voices with her own,— Where strays she now, my love who played So happy in our hermit shade? How can my absent love behold The bright trees with their flowers of gold, And all their gleaming glory see With eyes that vainly look for me? How is it with my darling when From the deep tangles of the glen Float carols of each bird elate With rapture singing to his mate? In vain my weary glances rove From lake to hill, from stream to grove: I find no rapture in the scene, And languish for my fawn-eyed queen. Ah, does strong love with wild unrest, Born of the autumn, stir her breast? And does the gentle lady pine Till her bright eyes shall look in mine?”

Thus Raghu’s son in piteous tone, O’erwhelmed with sorrow, made his moan. E’en as the bird that drinks the rains(632) To Indra thousand-eyed complains. Then Lakshmaṇ who had wandered through The copses where the berries grew, Returning to the cavern found His brother chief in sorrow drowned, And pitying the woes that broke The spirit of the hero spoke:

“Why cast thy strength of soul away, And weakly yield to passion’s sway? Arise, my brother, do and dare Ere action perish in despair. Recall the firmness of thy heart, And nerve thee for a hero’s part. Whose is the hand unscathed to sieze The red flame quickened by the breeze? Where is the foe will dare to wrong Or keep the Maithil lady long?” Then with pale lips that sorrow dried The son of Raghu thus replied: “Lord Indra thousand-eyed, has sent The sweet rain from the firmament, Sees the rich promise of the grain, And turns him to his rest again. The clouds with voices loud and deep, Veiling each tree upon the steep, Up on the thirsty earth have shed Their precious burden and are fled. Now in kings’ hearts ambition glows: They rush to battle with their foes;(633) But in Sugríva’s sloth I see No care for deeds of chivalry. See, Lakshmaṇ, on each breezy height A thousand autumn blooms are bright. See how the wings of wild swans gleam On every islet of the stream. Four months of flood and rain are past: A hundred years they seemed to last To me whom toil and trouble tried, My Sítá severed from my side. She, gentlest woman, weak and young, Still to her lord unwearied clung. Still by the exile’s side she stood In the wild ways of Daṇḍak wood, Like a fond bird disconsolate If parted from her darling mate. Sugríva, lapped in soft repose, Untouched by pity for my woes, Scorns the poor exile, dispossessed, By Rávaṇ’s mightier arm oppressed, The wretch who comes to sue and pray From his lost kingdom far away. Hence falls on me the Vánar’s scorn, A suitor friendless and forlorn. The time is come: with heedless eye He sees the hour of action fly,— Unmindful, now his hopes succeed, Of promise made in stress of need. Go seek him sunk in bliss and sloth, Forgetful of his royal oath, And as mine envoy thus upbraid The monarch for his help delayed: “Vile is the wretch who will not pay The favour of an earlier day, Hope in the supplicant’s breast awakes, And then his plighted promise breaks. Noblest, mid all of women born, Who keeps the words his lips have sworn, Yea, if those words be good or ill, Maintains his faith unbroken still. The thankless who forget to aid The friend who helped them when they prayed, Dishonoured in their death shall lie, And dogs shall pass their corpses by. Sure thou wouldst see my strained arm hold My bow of battle backed with gold, Wouldst gaze upon its awful form Like lightning flashing through the storm, And hear the clanging bowstring loud As thunder from a labouring cloud.”

His valour and his strength I know: But pleasure’s sway now sinks them low, With thee, my brother, for ally That strength and valour I defy. He promised, when the rains should end, The succour of his arm to lend. Those months are past: he dares forget, And, lapped in pleasure, slumbers yet. No thought disturbs his careless breast For us impatient and distressed, And, while we sadly wait and pine, Girt by his lords he quaffs the wine. Go, brother, go, his palace seek, And boldly to Sugríva speak, Thus give the listless king to know What waits him if my anger glow: Still open, to the gloomy God, Lies the sad path that Báli trod. “Still to thy plighted word be true, Lest thou, O King, that path pursue. I launched the shaft I pointed well. And Báli, only Báli, fell. But, if from truth thou dare to stray, Both thee and thine this hand shall slay.” Thus be the Vánar king addressed, Then add thyself what seems the best.”

## Canto XXXI. The Envoy.

Thus Ráma spoke, and Lakshmaṇ then Made answer to the prince of men: “Yea, if the Vánar, undeterred By fear of vengeance, break his word, Loss of his royal power ere long Shall pay the traitor for the wrong. Nor deem I him so void of sense To brave the bitter consequence. But if enslaved to joy he lie, And scorn thy grace with blinded eye, Then let him join his brother slain: Unmeet were such a wretch to reign. Quick rises, kindling in my breast, The wrath that will not be repressed, And bids me in my fury slay The breaker of his faith to-day. Let Báli’s son thy consort trace With bravest chiefs of Vánar race.”

Thus spoke the hero, and aglow With rage of battle seized his bow. But Ráma thus in gentler mood With fitting words his speech renewed: “No hero with a soul like thine To paths of sin will e’er incline, He who his angry heart can tame Is worthiest of a hero’s name. Not thine, my brother, be the part So alien from the tender heart, Nor let thy feet by wrath misled Forsake the path they loved to tread. From harsh and angry words abstain: With gentle speech a hearing gain, And tax Sugríva with the crime Of failing faith and wasted time.”

Then Lakshmaṇ, bravest of the brave, Obeyed the hest that Ráma gave, To whom devoting every thought The Vánar’s royal town he sought. As Mandar’s mountain heaves on high His curved peak soaring to the sky, So Lakshmaṇ showed, his dread bow bent Like Indra’s(634) in the firmament. His brother’s wrath, his brother’s woe Inflamed his soul to fiercest glow. The tallest trees to earth were cast As furious on his way he passed, And where he stepped, so fiercely fleet, The stones were shivered by his feet. He reached Kishkindhá’s city deep Embosomed where the hills were steep, Where street and open square were lined With legions of the Vánar kind. Then, as his lips with fury swelled, The lord of Raghu’s line beheld A stream of Vánar chiefs outpoured To do obeisance to their lord. But when the mighty prince in view Of the thick coming Vánars drew, They turned them in amaze to seize Crags of the rock and giant trees. He saw, and fiercer waxed his ire, As oil lends fury to the fire. Scarce had the Vánar chieftains seen That wrathful eye, that troubled mien Fierce as the God’s who rules the dead, When, turned in wild affright, they fled. Speeding in breathless terror all Sought King Sugríva’s council hall, And there made known their tale of fear, That Lakshmaṇ wild with rage, was near. The king, untroubled by alarms, Held Tárá in his amorous arms, And in the distant bower with her Heard not each clamorous messenger. Then, summoned at the lords’ behest Forth from the city portals pressed, Each like some elephant or cloud, The Vánars in a trembling crowd: Fierce warriors all with massive jaws And terrors of their tiger claws, Some matched ten elephants, and some A hundred’s strength could overcome. Some chieftains, mightier than the rest, Ten times a hundred’s force possessed. With eyes of fury Lakshmaṇ viewed The Vánars’ tree-armed multitude. Thus garrisoned from side to side The city walls assault defied. Beyond the moat that girt the wall Advanced the Vánar chiefs; and all Upon the plain in firm brigade, Impetuous warriors, stood arrayed. Red at the sight flashed Lakshmaṇ’s eyes, His bosom heaved tumultuous sighs, And forth the fire of fury broke Like flame that flashes through the smoke. Like some fierce snake the hero stood: His bow recalled the expanded hood, And in his shaft-head bright and keen The flickering of its tongue was seen: And in his own all-conquering might The venom of its deadly bite. Prince Angad marked his angry look, And every hope his heart forsook. Then, his large eyes with fury red, To Angad Lakshmaṇ turned and said:

“Go tell the king that Lakshmaṇ waits For audience at the city gates, Whose heart, O tamer of thy foes, Is heavy with his brother’s woes. Bid him to Ráma’s word attend, And ask if he will aid his friend. Go, let the king my message learn: Then hither with all speed return.”

Prince Angad heard and wild with grief Cried as he looked upon the chief: “’Tis Lakshmaṇ’s self: impelled by ire He seeks the city of my sire.” At the fierce words and furious look Of Raghu’s son he quailed and shook. Back through the city gates he sped, And, laden with the tale of dread, Sought King Sugríva, filled his ears And Rumá’s with his doubts and fears. To Rumá and the king he bent, And clasped their feet most reverent, Clasped the dear feet of Tárá, too, And told the startling tale anew.

But King Sugríva’s ear was dulled, By love and wine and languor lulled, Nor did the words that Angad spake The slumberer from his trance awake. But soon as Raghu’s son came nigh The startled Vánars raised a cry, And strove to win his grace, while dread Each anxious heart disquieted. They saw, and, as they gathered round, Rose from the mighty throng a sound Like torrents when they downward dash, Or thunder with the lightning’s flash. The shouting of the Vánars broke Sugríva’s slumber, and he woke: Still with the wine his eyes were red, His neck with flowers was garlanded. Roused at the voice of Angad came Two Vánar lords of rank and fame; One Yaksha, one Prabháva hight,— Wise counsellors of gain and right. They came and raised their voices high, And told that Raghu’s son was nigh: “Two brothers steadfast in their truth, Each glorious in the bloom of youth, Worthy of rule, have left the skies, And clothed their forms in men’s disguise. One at thy gates, in warlike hands Holding his mighty weapon, stands. His message is the charioteer That brings the eager envoy near, Urged onward by his bold intent, And by the hest of Ráma sent.” The gathered Vánars saw and fled, And raised aloud their cry of dread. Son of Queen Tárá, Angad ran To parley with the godlike man. Still fiery-eyed with rage and hate Stands Lakshmaṇ at the city gate, And trembling Vánars scarce can fly Scathed by the lightning of his eye. “Go with thy son, thy kith and kin, The favour of the prince to win, And bow thy reverent head that so His fiery wrath may cease to glow. What righteous Ráma bids thee, do, And to thy plighted word be true.”

## Canto XXXII. Hanumán’s Counsel.

Sugríva heard, and, trained and tried In counsel, to his lords replied: “No deed of mine, no hasty word The anger of the prince has stirred. But haply some who hate me still And watch their time to work me ill, Have slandered me to Raghu’s son, Accused of deeds I ne’er have done. Now, O my lords—for you are wise— Speak truly what your hearts advise, And, pondering each event, inquire The reason of the prince’s ire. No fear have I of Lakshmaṇ: none: No dread of Raghu’s mightier son. But wrath, that fires a friendly breast Without due cause, disturbs my rest. With labour light is friendship gained, But with severest toil maintained. And doubt is strong, and faith is weak, And friendship dies when traitors speak. Hence is my troubled bosom cold With fear of Ráma lofty-souled; For heavy on my spirit weigh His favours I can ne’er repay.”

He ceased: and Hanumán of all The Vánars in the council hall In wisdom first, and rank, expressed The thoughts that filled his prudent breast: “No marvel thou rememberest yet The service thou shouldst ne’er forget, How the brave prince of Raghu’s seed Thy days from fear and peril freed; And Báli for thy sake o’erthrew, Whom Indra’s self might scarce subdue. I doubt not Ráma’s anger burns For the scant love thy heart returns. For this he sends his brother, him Whose glory never waxes dim. Sunk in repose thy careless eye Marks not the seasons as they fly, Nor sees that autumn has begun With dark blooms opening to the sun. Clear is the sky: no cloudlet mars The splendour of the shining stars. The balmy air is soft and still, And clear and bright are lake and rill. Thou heedest not with blinded eyes The hour for warlike enterprise. Hence Lakshmaṇ hither comes to break Thy slothful trance and bid thee wake. Then, Monarch, with a patient ear The high-souled Ráma’s message hear, Which, reft of wife and realm and friends, Thus by another’s mouth he sends. Thou, Vánar King, hast done amiss: And now I see no way but this: Before his envoy humbly stand And sue for peace with suppliant hand. High duty bids a courtier seek His master’s weal, and freely speak. So by no thought of fear controlled My speech, O King, is free and bold, For Ráma, if his anger glow, Can, with the terrors of his bow This earth with all the Gods subdue, Gandharvas,(635) and the demon crew. Unwise to stir his wrathful mood Whose favour must again be wooed. And, most of all, unwise for one Grateful like thee for service done. Go with thy son and kinsmen: bend Thy humble head and greet thy friend. And, like a fond obedient spouse, Be faithful to thy plighted vows.”

## Canto XXXIII. Lakshman’s Entry.

Through the fair city Lakshmaṇ came, Invited in Sugríva’s name. Within the gates the guardian bands, Of Vánars raised their suppliant hands, And in their ordered ranks, amazed, Upon the princely hero gazed, They marked each burning breath he drew, The fury of his soul they knew. Their hearts were chilled with sudden fear: They gazed, but dared not venture near, Before his eyes the city, gay With gems and flowery gardens, lay, Where fane and palace rose on high, And things of beauty charmed the eye. Where trees of every blossom grew Yielding their fruit in season due To Vánars of celestial seed Who wore each varied form at need, Fair-faced and glorious with the shine Of heavenly robes and wreaths divine. There sandal, aloe, lotus bloomed, And there delicious breath perfumed The city’s broad street, redolent Of sugary mead(636) and honey scent. There many a lofty palace rose Like Vindhya or the Lord of Snows, And with sweet murmur sparkling rills Leapt lightly down the sheltering hills. On many a glorious palace, raised For prince and noble,(637) Lakshmaṇ gazed: Like clouds of paly hue they shone With fragrant wreaths that hung thereon: There wealth of jewels was enshrined, And fairer gems of womankind. There gleamed, of noble height and size, Like Indra’s mansion in the skies, Protected by a crystal fence Of rock, the royal residence, With roof and turret high and bright Like Mount Kailása’s loftiest height. There blooming trees, Mahendra’s gift, High o’er the walls were seen to lift Their golden fruited boughs, that made With leaf and flower delicious shade. He saw a band of Vánars wait, Wielding their weapons, at the gate Where golden portals flashed between Celestial garlands red and green. Within Sugríva’s fair abode Unchecked the mighty hero strode, As when the sun of autumn shrouds His glory in a pile of clouds. Through seven wide courts he quickly passed, And reached the royal tower at last, Where seats were set with couch and bed Of gold and silver richly spread. While the young chieftain’s feet drew near The sound of music reached his ear, As the soft breathings of the flute Came blending with the voice and lute. Then beauty showed her youth and grace And varied charm of form and face: Soft bright-eyed creatures, fair and young,— Gay garlands round their necks were hung, And greater charms to each were lent By richest dress and ornament. He saw the calm attendants wait About their lord in careless state, Heard women’s girdles chime in sweet Accordance with their tinkling feet. He heard the anklet’s silvery sound, He saw the calm that reigned around, And o’er him, as he listened, came A rush of rage, a flood of shame. He drew his bowstring: with the clang From ease to west the welkin rang: Then in his modest mood withdrew A little from the ladies’ view. And sternly silent stood apart, While wrath for Ráma filled his heart. Sugríva knew the sounding string, And at the call the Vánar king Sprang swiftly from his golden seat, And feared the coming prince to meet. Then with cold lips that terror dried To beauteous Tárá thus he cried: “What cause of anger, O my spouse Fair with the charm of lovely brows, Sets Lakshmaṇ’s gentle breast on fire, And brings him in unwonted ire? Say, canst thou see, O faultless dame, A cause to fill his soul with flame? For there must be a reason when Such fury stirs the king of men. Reveal the sin, if sin of mine Anger the lord of Raghu’s line. Or go thyself, his rage subdue, And with soft words his favour woo. Soon as on thee his eyes are set His heart this anger will forget, For men like him of lofty mind Are never stern with womankind. First let thy gentle speech disarm His fury, and his spirit charm, And I, from fear of peril free, The conqueror of his foes will see.”

She heard: with faltering steps and slow, With eyes that shone with trembling glow, With gold-girt body gently bent To meet the stranger prince she went. When Lakshmaṇ saw the Vánar queen With tranquil eyes and modest mien, Before the dame he bent his head, And anger, at her presence, fled. Made bold by draughts of wine, and cheered By Lakshmaṇ’s look no more she feared, And in the trust his favour lent She thus addressed him eloquent: “Whence springs thy burning fury? say: Who dares thy will to disobey? Who checks the maddened flames that seize On forests full of withered trees?”

Then Lakshmaṇ spoke, her mind to ease, His kind reply in words like these:

“Thy lord his days in pleasure spends, Heedless of duty and of friends, Nor dost thou mark, though fondly true, The evil path his steps pursue. He cares not for affairs of state, Nor us forlorn and desolate, But sits a mere spectator still, A sensual slave to pleasure’s will. Four months were fixed, the time agreed When he should help us in our need: But, bound in toils of pleasure fast, He sees not that the months are past. Where beats the heart which draughts of wine To virtue or to gain incline? Hast thou not heard those draughts destroy Virtue and gain and love and joy? For those who, helped at need, refuse Their aid in turn, their virtue lose: And they who scorn a friend disdain A treasure naught may buy again. Thy lord has cast his friend away, Nor feared from virtue’s path to stray, If this be true, declare, O dame Who knowest duty’s every claim, What further work remains for us Deceived and disappointed thus.”

She listened, for his words were kind, Where virtue showed with gain combined, And thus in turn the prince addressed, As hope was rising in his breast: “No time, no cause of wrath I see With those who live and honour thee: And thou shouldst bear without offence Thy servant’s fitful negligence. I know the seasons glide away, While Ráma maddens at delay I know what deed our thanks has earned, I know that grace should be returned. But still I know, whate’er befall, That conquering love is lord of all; Know where Sugríva’s thoughts, possessed By one absorbing passion, rest. But he whom sensual joys debase Heeds not the claim of time and place, And sees not with his blinded sight His duty or his gain aright. O pardon him who loves me! spare The Vánar caught in pleasure’s snare, And once again let Ráma grace With favour him who rules our race. E’en royal saints, whose chief delight Was penance and austerest rite, At love’s commandment have unbent, Beguiled by sweetest blandishment. And know, Sugríva, roused at last, The order to his lords has passed, And, long by love and bliss delayed, Wakes all on fire your hopes to aid. A countless host his city fills, New-gathered from a thousand hills: Impetuous chiefs, who wear at need Each varied form, his legions lead. Come then, O hero, kept aloof By modest awe, nor fear reproof: A faithful friend untouched by blame May look upon another’s dame.”

He passed within, by Tárá pressed, And by his own impatient breast, Refulgent there in sunlike sheen Sugríva on his throne was seen. Gay garlands round his neck were twined, And Rumá by her lord recline.

## Canto XXXIV. Lakshman’s Speech.

Sugríva started from his rest With doubt and terror in his breast. He heard the prince’s furious tread He saw his eyes glow fiercely red. Swift sprang the monarch to his feet Upstarting from his golden seat. Rose Rumá and her fellows, too, And closely round Sugríva drew, As round the moon’s full glory stand Attendant stars in glittering band. Sugríva glanced with reddened eyes, Raised his joined hands in suppliant guise Flew to the door, and rooted there Stood like the tree that grants each prayer.(638) And Lakshmaṇ saw, and, fiercely moved, With angry speech the king reproved:

“Famed is the prince who loves the truth, Whose soul is touched with tender ruth, Who, liberal, keeps each sense subdued, And pays the debt of gratitude. But all unmeet a king to be, The meanest of the mean is he Who basely breaks the promise made To trusting friends who lent him aid. He sins who for a steed has lied, As if a hundred steeds had died: Or if he lie, a cow to win, Tenfold as heavy is the sin. But if the lie a man betray, Both he and his shall all decay.(639) O Vánar King, the thankless man Is worthy of the general ban, Who takes assistance of his friends, And in his turn no service lends. This verse of old by Brahmá sung Is echoed now by every tongue. Hear what He cried in angry mood Bewailing man’s ingratitude: “For draughts of wine, for slaughtered cows, For treacherous theft, for broken vows A pardon is ordained: but none For thankless scorn of service done.” Ungrateful, Vánar King, art thou, And faithless to thy plighted vow. For Ráma brought thee help, and yet Thou shunnest to repay the debt: Or, grateful, thou hadst surely pressed To aid the hero in his quest. Thou art, in vulgar pleasures drowned, False to thy bond in honour bound. Nor yet has Ráma’s guileless heart Discerned thee for the thing thou art— A snake who holds the frogs that cries And lures fresh victims as it dies. Brave Ráma, born for glorious fate, Has set thee in thy high estate, And to the Vánars’ throne restored, Great-souled himself, their mean-souled lord. Now if thy pride disown what he, High thoughted prince, has done for thee, Struck by his arrows shalt thou fall, And Báli meet in Yáma’s hall. Still open, to the gloomy God, Lies the sad path thy brother trod. Then to thy plighted word be true, Nor let thy steps that path pursue. Methinks the shafts of Ráma, shot Like thunderbolts, thou heedest not, Who canst, absorbed in sensual bliss, Thy promise from thy mind dismiss.”

## Canto XXXV. Tárá’s Speech.

He ceased: and Tárá starry-eyed Thus to the angry prince replied: “Not to my lord shouldst thou address A speech so fraught with bitterness: Not thus reproached my lord should be, And least of all, O Prince, by thee. He is no thankless coward—no— With spirit dead to valour’s glow. From paths of truth he never strays, Nor wanders in forbidden ways. Ne’er will Sugríva’s heart forget, By Ráma saved, the lasting debt. Still in his grateful breast will live The succour none but he could give. Restored to fame by Ráma’s grace, To empire o’er the Vánar race, From ceaseless dread and toil set free, Restored to Rumá and to me: By grief and care and exile tried, New to the bliss so long denied, Like Viśvámitra once, alas, He marks not how the seasons pass. That saint ten thousand years remained, By sweet Ghritáchí’s(640) love enchained, And deemed those years, that flew away So lightly, but a single day. O, if those years unheeded flew By him who times and seasons knew, Unequalled for his lofty mind, What marvel meaner eyes are blind? Then be not angry, Raghu’s son, And let thy brother feel for one Who many a weary year has spent Stranger to love and blandishment. Let not this wrath thy soul inflame, Like some mean wretch unknown to fame: For high and noble hearts like thine Love mercy and to ruth incline, Calm and deliberate, and slow With anger’s raging fire to glow. At length, O righteous prince, relent, Nor let my words in vain be spent, This sudden blaze of fury slake, I pray thee for Sugríva’s sake. He would renounce at Ráma’s call Rumá and Angad, me and all Who call him lord: his gold and grain, The favour of his friend to gain. His arm shall slay the fiend more base In soul than all his impious race, And happy Ráma reunite To Sítá, rival in delight Of the triumphant Moon when he Rejoins his darling Rohiṇí.(641) Ten million million demons guard The gates of Lanká firmly barred. All hope until that host be slain, To smite the robber king is vain. Nor with Sugríva’s aid alone May king and host be overthrown. Thus ere he died—for well he knew— Spake Báli, and his words are true. I know not what his proofs might be, But speak the words he spake to me. Hence far and wide our lords are sent To raise the mightiest armament, For their return Sugríva waits Ere he can sally from his gates. Still is the oath Sugríva swore Kept firmly even as before: And the great host this day will be Assembled by the king’s decree, Ten thousand thousand troops, who wear The form of monkey and of bear, Prepared for thee the war to wage: Then let thy wrath no longer rage. The matrons of the Vánar race See marks of fury in thy face; They see thine eyes like blood are red, And will not yet be comforted.”

## Canto XXXVI. Sugríva’s Speech.

She ceased: and Lakshmaṇ gave assent, Won by her gentle argument. So Tárá’s pleading, just and mild, His softening heart had reconciled. His altered mood Sugríva saw, And cast aside the fear and awe Like raiment heavy with the rain Which on his troubled soul had lain. Then quickly to the ground he threw His flowery garland, bright of hue, Which round his royal neck he wore, And, sobered, was himself once more. Then turning to the princely man In soothing words the king began: “My glory, wealth, and royal sway To other hands had passed away: But Ráma to my rescue came, And gave me back my power and fame. O Lakshmaṇ, say, whose grateful heart Could nurse the hope to pay in part, By service of a life, the deed Of Ráma sprung of heavenly seed? His foeman Rávaṇ shall be slain, And Sítá shall be his again. The hero’s side I will not leave, But he the conquest shall achieve. What need of help has he who drew His bow, and one great arrow flew Through seven tall trees, a mountain rent, And cleft the earth with force unspent? What aid needs he who shook his bow, And at the sound the earth below With hill and wood and rooted rock Quaked feverous with the thunder shock? Yet all my legions will I bring, And follow close the warrior king Marching on his impetuous way Fierce Rávaṇ and his hosts to slay. If I be guilty of offence, Careless through love or negligence, Let him his loyal slave forgive; For error cleaves to all who live.”

Thus king Sugríva, good and brave, In humble words his answer gave, Softened was Lakshmaṇ’s angry mood Who thus his friendly speech renewed: “My brother, Vánar King, will see A champion and a friend in thee. So strong art thou, so brave and bold, So pure in thought, so humble-souled, That thou deservest well to reign And all a monarch’s bliss to gain. Lend thou my brother aid, and all His foes beneath his arm will fall. Full well the words thou speakest suit A chieftain wise and resolute. With grateful heart that loves the right, And foot that never yields in fight. O come, and my sad brother cheer Who mourns the wife he holds so dear. O pardon, friend, my harsh address, And Ráma’s frantic bitterness.”

## Canto XXXVII. The Gathering.

He ceased: and King Sugríva cried To sage Hanúmán(642) by his side: “Summon the Vánar legions, those Who dwell about the Lord of Snows: Those who in Vindhyan groves delight, Kailása’s, or Mahendra’s height, Dwell on the Five bright Peaks, or where Mandar’s white summit cleaves the air: Wherever they are wandring free In highlands by the western sea, On that east hill whence springs the sun, Or where he sinks when day is done. Call the great chiefs whose legions fill The forests of the Lotus Hill,(643) Where every one in strength and size With the stupendous Anjan(644) vies. Call those, with tints of burnished gold Whom Maháśaila’s caverns hold: Those who on Dhúmra roam, or hide In the wild woods on Meru’s side. Call those who, brilliant as the sun, On high Maháruṇ leap and run, Quaffing sweet juices that distil From odorous trees upon the hill, Call those whom tranquil haunts delight, Where dwell the sage and anchorite In groves that through their wide extent Exhale a thousand blossoms’ scent. Send out, send out: from coast to coast Assemble all the Vánar host: With force, with words, with gifts of price Compel, admonish and entice. Already envoys have been sent To warn them of their lord’s intent. Let others urged by thee repeat My mandate that their steps be fleet. Those lords who yielding to the sway Of love’s delight would fain delay, Urge hither with the utmost speed, Or with thee to my presence lead: And those who linger to the last Until ten days be come and passed, And dare their sovereign to defy, For their offence shall surely die. Thousands, yea millions, shall there be, Obedient to their king’s decree, The lions of the Vánar race, Assembled from each distant place, Forth shall they haste like hills in size, Or mighty clouds that veil the skies, And swiftly speeding on their way Bring all our legions in array.” He ceased: the son of Váyu(645) heard, Submissive to his sovereign’s word; And sent his rapid envoys forth To east and west and south and north. They bent their airy course afar Along the paths of bird and star, And sped through ether farther yet Where Vishṇu’s splendid sphere is set.(646) By sea, on hill, by wood and lake They called to arms for Ráma’s sake, As each with terror in his breast Obeyed his awful king’s behest. Three million Vánars, fierce and strong As Anjan’s self, a wondrous throng Sped from the spot where Ráma still Gazed restless from the woody hill. Ten million others, brave and bold, With coats that shone like burning gold, Came flying from the mountain crest Where sinks the weary sun to rest. Impetuous from the northern skies, Where Mount Kailása’s summits rise, Ten hundred millions hasted, hued Like manes of lions, ne’er subdued: The dwellers on Himálaya’s side, Whose food his roots and fruit supplied, With rangers of the Vindhyan chain And neighbours of the Milky Main.(647) Some from the palm groves where they fed, Some from the woods of betel sped: In countless numbers, fierce and brave, They came from mountain, lake, and cave.

As on their way the Vánars went To rouse each distant armament, They chanced that wondrous tree to view That on Himálaya’s summit grew. Of old upon that sacred height Was wrought Maheśvar’s(648) glorious rite, Which every God in heaven beheld, And his glad heart with triumph swelled. There from pure seed at random sown Bright plants with luscious fruit had grown, And, sweet as Amrit to the taste, The summit of the mountain graced. Who once should eat the virtuous fruit That sprang from so divine a root, One whole revolving moon should be From every pang of hunger free. The Vánars culled the fruit they found Ripe on the sacrificial ground With rare celestial odours sweet, To lay them at Sugríva’s feet. Those noble envoys scoured the land To summon every Vánar band Then swiftly homeward at the head Of countless armaments they sped. They gathered by Kishkindhá’s wall. They thronged Sugríva’s palace hall, And, richly laden, bare within That fruit of heavenly origin. Their gifts before their king they spread, And thus in tones of triumph said:

“Through every land our way we took To visit hill and wood and brook, And all thy hosts from east to west Flock hither at their lord’s behest.” Sugríva with delighted look The present of his envoys took, Then bade them go, with gracious speech Rewarding and dismissing each.

## Canto XXXVIII. Sugríva’s Departure.

Thus all the princely Vánars, true To their appointed tasks, withdrew. Sugríva deemed already done The work he planned for Raghu’s son. Then Lakshmaṇ gently spoke and cheered Sugríva for his valour feared: “Now, chieftain, if thy will be so, Forth from Kishkindhá let us go.” Sugríva’s heart swelled high with pride As to the prince he thus replied: “Come, speed we forth without delay: ’Tis mine thy mandate to obey.” Sugríva bade the dames adieu, And Tárá and the rest withdrew. Then at their chieftain’s summons came The Vánars first in rank and fame, A trusty brave and reverent band, Meet e’en before a queen to stand. They at his call made haste to bring The litter of the glorious king. “Mount, O my friend.” Sugríva cried, And straight Sumitrá’s son complied. Then took by Lakshmaṇ’s side his place The sovereign of the woodland race, Upraised by Vánars, fleet and strong, Who bore the glittering load along. On high above his royal head A paly canopy was spread, And chouries white in many a hand The forehead of the monarch fanned, And shell and drum and song and shout Pealed round him as the king passed out. About the monarch went a throng Of Vánar warriors brave and strong, As onward to the mountain shade Where Ráma dwelt his way he made. Soon as the lovely spot he viewed Where Ráma lived in solitude, The Vánar monarch, far-renowed, With Lakshmaṇ, lightly stepped to ground, And to the son of Raghu went Joining his raised hands reverent. As their great leader raised his hands, So suppliant stood the Vánar bands. Well pleased the son of Raghu saw Those legions, hushed in reverent awe, Stand silent like the tranquil floods That raise their hands of lotus buds. But Ráma, when the king, to greet His friend, had bowed him at his feet, Raised him who ruled the Vánar race, And held him in a close embrace: Then, when his arms he had unknit, Besought him by his side to sit, And thus with gentle words the best Of men the Vánar king addressed:

“The prince who well his days divides, And knows aright the times and tides To follow duty, joy, or gain, He, only he, deserves to reign. But he who wealth and virtue leaves, And every hour to pleasure cleaves, Falls from his bliss like him who wakes From slumber on a branch that breaks. True king is he who smites his foes, And favour to his servants shows, And of that fruit makes timely use Which virtue, wealth, and joy produce. The hour is come that bids thee rise To aid me in my enterprise. Then call thy nobles to debate, And with their help deliberate.”

“Lost was my power,” the king replied, “All strength had fled, all hope had died. The Vánars owned another lord, But by thy grace was all restored. All this, O conqueror of the foe, To thee and Lakshmaṇ’s aid I owe. And his should be the villain’s shame Who durst deny the sacred claim. These Vánar chiefs of noblest birth Have at my bidding roamed the earth, And brought from distant regions all Our legions at their monarch’s call: Fierce bears with monkey troops combined, And apes of every varied kind, Terrific in their forms, who dwell In grove and wood and bosky dell: The bright Gandharvas’ brood, the seed Of Gods,(649) they change their shapes at need. Each with his legions in array, Hither, O Prince, they make their way. They come: and tens of millions swell To numbers that no tongue may tell.(650) For thee their armies will unite With chiefs, Mahendra’s peers in might. From Meru and from Vindhya’s chain They come like clouds that bring the rain. These round thee to the war will go, To smite to earth thy demon foe; Will slay the Rákshas and restore Thy consort when the fight is o’er.”

## Canto XXXIX. The Vánar Host.

Then Ráma, best of all who guide Their steps by duty, thus replied: “What marvel if Lord Indra send The kindly rain, O faithful friend? If, thousand-rayed, the God of Day Drive every darksome cloud away? Or, rising high, the Lord of Night Flood the broad heaven with silver light? What marvel, King, that one like thee The glory of his friends should be? No marvel, O my lord, that thou Hast shown thy noble nature now. Thy heart, Sugríva, well I know: Naught from thy lips but truth may flow, With thee for friend and champion all My foes beneath my arm will fall. The Rákshas, when my queen he stole, Brought sure destruction on his soul, Like Anuhláda(651) who beguiled Queen Śachí called Puloma’s child. Yes, near, Sugríva, is the day When I my demon foe shall slay, As conquering Indra in his ire Slew Queen Paulomí’s haughty sire.”(652) He ceased: thick clouds of dust rose high To every quarter of the sky: The very sun grew faint and pale Behind the darkly-gathering veil. The mighty clouds that hung o’erhead From east to west thick darkness spread, And earth to her foundations shook With hill and forest, lake and brook. Then hidden was the ground beneath Fierce warriors armed with fearful teeth, Hosts numberless, each lord in size A match for him who rules the skies: From many a sea and distant hill, From rock and river, lake and rill. Some like the morning sun were bright, Some, like the moon, were silver white: These green as lotus fibres, those White-coated from their native snows.(653) Then Śatabali came in view Girt by a countless retinue. Like some gold mountain high in air Tárá’s illustrious sire(654) was there. There Rumá‘s father,(655) far-renowned, With tens of thousands ranged around. There, tinted like the tender green Of lotus filaments, was seen, Compassed by countless legions, one Whose face was as the morning sun, Hanúmán’s father good and great, Kesarí,(656) wisest in debate. There the proud king Gaváksha, feared For his strong warrior arm, appeared. There Dhúmra, mighty lord, the dread Of foes, his ursine legions led. There Panas, first for warlike fame, With twenty million warriors came. There glorious Níla, dark of hue, Arrayed his countless troops in view. There moved lord Gavaya brave and bold, Resplendent like a hill of gold, And near him Darímukha stood With millions from the hill and wood And Dwivid famed for strength and speed, And Mamda, both of Aśvin seed. There Gaja, strong and glorious, led The countless troops around him spread, And Jámbaván(657) the king whose sway The bears delighted to obey, With swarming myriads onward pressed True to his lord Sugríva’s hest; And princely Ruman, dear to fame, Led millions whom no hosts could tame, All these and many a chief beside(658) Came onward fierce in warlike pride. They covered all the plain, and still Pressed forward over wood and hill. In rows for many a league around They rested on the grassy ground; Or to Sugríva made their way, Like clouds about the Lord of Day, And to the king their proud heads bent In power and might preeminent. Sugríva then to Ráma sped, And raised his reverent hands, and said That every chief from coast to coast Was present with his warrior host.

## Canto XL. The Army Of The East.

With practised eye the king reviewed The Vánars’ countless multitude, And, joying that his hest was done, Thus spake to Raghu’s mighty son: “See, all the Vánar hosts who fear My sovereign might are gathered here. Chiefs strong as Indra’s self, who speed Wher’er they list, these armies lead. Fierce and terrific to the view As Daityas or the Dánav(659) crew, Famed in all lands for souls afire With lofty thoughts, they never tire, O’er hill and vale they wander free, And islets of the distant sea. And these gathered myriads, all Will serve thee, Ráma, at thy call. Whate’er thy heart advises, say: Thy mandates will the host obey.”

Then answered Ráma, as he pressed The Vánar monarch to his breast: “O search for my lost Sítá, strive To find her if she still survive: And in thy wondrous wisdom trace Fierce Rávaṇ to his dwelling-place. And when by toil and search we know Where Sítá lies and where the foe, With thee, dear friend, will I devise Fit means to end the enterprise. Not mine, not Lakshmaṇ’s is the power To guide us in the doubtful hour. Thou, sovereign of the Vánars, thou Must be our hope and leader now.”

He ceased: at King Sugríva’s call Near came a Vánar strong and tall. Huge as a towering mountain, loud As some tremendous thunder cloud, A prince who warlike legions led: To him his sovereign turned and said: “Go, take ten thousand(660) of our race Well trained in lore of time and place, And search the eastern region; through Groves, woods, and hills thy way pursue. There seek for Sítá, trace the spot Where Rávaṇ hides, and weary not. Search for the captive in the caves Of mountains, and by woods and waves. To Sarjú,(661) Kauśikí,(662) repair, Bhagírath’s daughter(663) fresh and fair. Search mighty Yamun’s(664) peak, explore Swift Yamuná’s(665) delightful shore, Sarasvati(666) and Sindhu’s(667) tide, And rapid Śona’s(668) pebbly side. Then roam afar by Mahí’s(669) bed Where Kálamahí’s groves are spread. Go where the silken tissue shines, Go to the land of silver mines.(670) Visit each isle and mountain steep And city circled by the deep, And distant villages that high About the peaks of Mandar lie. Speed over Yavadwipa’s land,(671) And see Mount Śiśir(672) proudly stand Uplifting to the skies his head By Gods and Dánavs visited. Search each ravine and mountain pass, Each tangled thicket deep in grass. Search every cave with utmost care If haply Ráma’s queen be there. Then pass beyond the sounding sea Where heavenly beings wander free, And Śona’s(673) waters swift and strong With ruddy billows foam along. Search where his shelving banks descend, Search where the hanging woods extend. Try if the pathless thickets screen The robber and the captive queen. Search where the torrent floods that rend The mountain to the plains descend: Search dark abysses where they rave, Search mountain slope and wood and cave Then on with rapid feet and gain The inlands of the fearful main Where, tortured by the tempest’s lash, Against rude rocks the billows dash: An ocean like a sable cloud, Whose margent monstrous serpents crowd: An ocean rising with a roar To beat upon an iron shore. On, onward still! your feet shall tread Shores of the sea whose waves are red, Where spreading wide your eyes shall see The guilt-tormenting cotton tree(674) And the wild spot where Garuḍ(675) dwells Which gems adorn and ocean shells, High as Kailása, nobly decked, Wrought by the heavenly architect.(676) Huge giants named Mandehas(677) there In each foul shape they love to wear, Numbing the soul with terror’s chill, Hang from the summit of the hill. When darts the sun his earliest beam They plunge them in the ocean stream, New vigour from his rays obtain, And hang upon the rocks again. Speed onward still: your steps shall be At length beside the Milky Sea Whose every ripple as it curls Gleams glorious with its wealth of pearls. Amid that sea like pale clouds spread The white Mount Rishabh(678) rears his head. About the mountain’s glorious waist Woods redolent of bloom are braced. A lake where lotuses unfold Their silver buds with threads of gold, Sudarśan ever bright and fair Where white swans sport, lies gleaming there, The wandering Kinnar’s(679) dear resort, Where heavenly nymphs and Yakshas(680) sport. On! leave the Milky Sea behind: Another flood your search shall find, A waste of waters, wild and drear, That chills each living heart with fear. There see the horse’s awful head, Wrath-born, that flames in Ocean’s bed.(681) There rises up a fearful cry From the sea things that move thereby, When, helpless, powerless for flight, They gaze upon the horrid sight. Past to the northern shore, and then Beyond the flood three leagues and ten Your wondering glances will behold Mount Játarúpa(682) bright with gold. There like the young moon pale of hue The monstrous serpent(683) will ye view, The earth’s supporter, whose bright eyes Resemble lotus leaves in size. He rests upon the mountain’s brow, And all the Gods before him bow. Ananta with a thousand heads His length in robes of azure spreads. A triple-headed palm of gold— Meet standard for the lofty-souled— Springs towering from the mountain’s crest Beneath whose shade he loves to rest, So that in eastern realms each God May use it as a measuring-rod. Beyond, with burning gold aglow, The eastern steep his peaks will show, Which in unrivalled glory rise A hundred leagues to pierce the skies, And all the neighbouring air is bright With golden trees that clothe the height. A lofty peak uprises there Ten leagues in height and one league square Saumanas, wrought of glistering gold, Ne’er to be loosened from its hold. There his first step Lord Vishṇu placed When through the universe he paced, And with his second lightly pressed The loftiest peak of Meru’s crest. When north of Jambudwíp(684) the sun A portion of his course has run, And hangs above this mountain height, Then creatures see the genial light. Vaikhánases,(685) saints far renowned, And Bálakhilyas(686) love the ground Where in their glory half divine, Touched by the morning glow, they shine The light that flashes from that steep Illumines all Sudarśandwíp,(687) And on each creature, as it glows, The sight and strength of life bestows. Search well that mountain’s woody side If Rávaṇ there his captive hide. The rising sun, the golden hill The air with growing splendours fill, Till flashes from the east the red Of morning with the light they shed. This, where the sun begins his state, Is earth and heaven’s most eastern gate. Through all the mountain forest seek By waterfall and cave and peak. Search every nook and bosky dell, If Rávaṇ there with Sítá dwell. There, Vánars, there your steps must stay: No farther eastward can ye stray. Beyond no sun, no moon gives light, But all is sunk in endless night. Thus far, O Vánar lords, may you O’er sea and land your search pursue. But wild and dark and known to none Is the drear space beyond the sun. That mountain whence the sun ascends Your long and weary journey ends.(688) Now go, and in a month return, And let success my praises earn. He who beyond tho month shall stay Will with his life the forfeit pay.”

## Canto XLI. The Army Of The South.

He gathered next a chosen band For service in the southern land. He summoned Níla son of Fire, And, offspring of the eternal Sire, Jámbaván bold and strong and tall, And Hanumán, the best of all, And many a valiant lord beside,(689) With Angad for their chief and guide. “Go forth,” he cried, “with all this host Exploring to the southern coast: The thousand peaks that Vindhya shows Where every tree and creeper grows: Where Narmadá’s(690) sweet waters run, And serpents bask them in the sun: Where Krishṇaveṇí’s(691) currents flee, And sparkles fair Godávarí.(692) Through Mekhal(693) pass and Utkal’s(694) land: Go where Daśárṇa’s(695) cities stand. Avantí(696) seek, of high renown, And Abravanti’s(697) glorious town. Search every hill and brook and cave Where Daṇḍak’s woods their branches wave Ayomukh’s(698) woody hill explore Whose sides are bright with richest ore, Lifting his glorious head on high From bloomy groves that round him lie. Search well his forests where the breeze Blows fragrant from the sandal trees. Then will you see Káverí’s(699) stream Whose pleasant waters glance and gleam, And to the lovely banks entice The sportive maids of Paradise. High on the top of Malaya’s(700) hill, In holy musing, calm and still, Sits, radiant as the Lord of Light, Agastya,(701) noblest anchorite. Soon as that lofty-thoughted lord His high permission shall accord, Pass Támraparṇí’s(702) flood whose isles Are loved by basking crocodiles. The sandal woods that fringe her side Those islets and her waters hide; While, like an amorous matron, she Speeds to her own dear lord the sea. Thence hasting on your way behold The Páṇḍyas’(703) gates of pearl and gold. Then, with your task maturely planned, On ocean’s shore your feet will stand. Where, by Agastya’s high decree, Mahendra,(704) planted in the sea, With tinted peaks against the tide Rises in solitary pride, And glorious in his golden glow Spurns back the waves that beat below. Fair mountain, bright with creepers’ bloom And every tint that trees assume, Where Yaksha, God, and heavenly maid Meet wandering in the lovely shade, At changing moon and solemn tide By Indra’s presence glorified. One hundred leagues in fair extent An island(705) fronts the continent: No man may tread its glittering shore, With utmost heed that isle explore, For the fair country owns the sway Of Rávaṇ whom we burn to slay. A mighty monster stands to keep The passage of the southern deep. Lifting her awful arms on high She grasps e’en shadows as they fly. Speed through that isle, and onward still Where in mid sea the Flowery Hill(706) Raises on high his bloomy head By saints and angels visited. There, with a hundred gleaming peaks Bright as the sun, the sky he seeks, One glorious peak the Lord of Day Gilds ever with his loving ray; Thereon ne’er yet the glances fell Of thankless wretch or infidel. Bow to that hill in reverence due, And then once more your search pursue. Beyond that glorious mountain hie, And Súryaván,(707) proud hill is nigh. Your rapid course yet farther bend Where Vaidyut’s(708) airy peaks ascend. There trees of noblest sort, profuse Of wealth, their kindly gifts produce. Their precious fruits, O Vánars, taste, The honey sip, and onward haste. Next will ye see Mount Kunjar rise, Who cheers with beauty hearts and eyes. There is Agastya’s(709) mansion, decked By heaven’s all moulding architect. Near Bhogavatí(710) stands, the place Where dwell the hosts of serpent race: A broad-wayed city, walled and barred, Which watchful legions keep and guard, The fiercest of the serpent youth, Each awful for his venomed tooth: And throned in his imperial hall Is Vásuki(711) who rules them all. Explore the serpent city well, Search town and tower and citadel, And scan each field and wood that lies Around it, with your watchful eyes. Beyond that spot your way pursue: A noble mountain shall ye view, Named Rishabh, like a mighty bull, With gems made bright and beautiful. All trees of sandal flourish there Of heavenly fragrance, rich and rare. But, though they tempt your longing eyes, Avoid to touch them, and be wise. For Rohitas, a guardian band Of fierce Gandharvas, round them stand, Who five bright sovereign lords(712) obey, In glory like the God of Day. Here by good deeds a home is won With shapes like fire, the moon, the sun. Here they who merit heaven by worth Dwell on the confines of the earth. There stay: beyond it, dark and drear, Lies the departed spirits’ sphere, And, girt with darkness, far from bliss, Is Yáma’s sad metropolis.(713) So far, my lords, o’er land and sea Your destined course is plain and free. Beyond your steps you may not set, Where living thing ne’er journeyed yet. With utmost care these realms survey, And all you meet upon the way. And, when the lady’s course is traced, Back to your king, O Vánars, haste. And he who tells me he has seen. After long search, the Maithil queen, Shall gain a noble guerdon: he In power and bliss shall equal me. Dear as my very life, above His fellows in his master’s love; I call him, yea though stained with crime. My kinsman from that happy time.”

## Canto XLII. The Army Of The West.

Then to Susheṇ Sugríva bent, And thus addressed him reverent: “Two hundred thousand of our best With thee, my lord, shall seek the west. Explore Suráshṭra’s(714)] distant plain, Explore Váhlíka’s(715) wild domain, And all the pleasant brooks that flee Through mountains to the western sea. Search clustering groves on mountain heights, And woods the home of anchorites. Search where the breezy hills are high, Search where the desert regions lie. Search all the western land beset With woody mountains like a net. The country‘s farthest limit reach, And stand upon the ocean beach. There wander through the groves of palm Where the soft air is full of balm. Through grassy dell and dark ravine Seek Rávaṇ and the Maithil queen. Go visit Somagiri’s(716) steep Where Sindhu(717) mingles with the deep. There lions, borne on swift wings, roam The levels of their mountain home, And elephants and monsters bear, Caught from the ocean, to their lair. You Vánars, changing forms at will, With rapid search must scour the hill, And his sky-kissing peak of gold Where loveliest trees their blooms unfold. There golden-peaked, ablaze with light, Uprises Páriyátra’s(718) height Where wild Gandharvas, fierce and fell, In bands of countless myriads dwell. Pluck ye no fruit within the wood; Beware the impious neighbourhood, Where, very mighty, strong, and hard To overcome, the fruit they guard. Yet search for Janak’s daughter still, For Vánars there need fear no ill. Near, bright as turkis, Vajra(719) named, There stands a hill of diamond framed. Soaring a hundred leagues in pride, With trees and creepers glorified. Search there each cave and dark abyss By waterfall and precipice. Far in that sea the wild waves beat On Chakraván’s(720) firm-rooted feet. Where the great discus,(721) thousand rayed, By Vísvakarmá’s(722) art was made. When Panchajan(723) the fiend was slain. And Hayagríva,(724) fierce in vain, Thence taking shell and discus went Lord Vishṇu, God preëminent. On! sixty thousand hills of gold With wondering eyes shall ye behold, Where in his glory every one Is brilliant as the morning sun. Full in the midst King Meru,(725) best Of mountains, lifts his lofty crest, On whom of yore, as all have heard, The sun well-pleased this boon conferred: “On thee, O King, on thee and thine Light, day and night, shall ever shine. Gandharvas, Gods who love thee well And on thy sacred summits dwell, Undimmed in lustre, bright and fair, The golden sheen shall ever share.” The Viśvas,(726) Vasus,(727) they who ride The tempest,(728) every God beside, Draw nigh to Meru’s lofty crest When evening darkens in the west, And to the parting Lord of Day The homage of their worship pay, Ere yet a while, unseen of all, Behind Mount Asta’s(729) peaks he fall. Wrought by the heavenly artist’s care A glorious palace glitters there, And round about it sweet birds sing Where the gay trees are blossoming: The home of Varuṇ(730) high-souled lord, Wrist-girded with his deadly cord.(731) With ten tall stems, a palm between Meru and Asta’s hill is seen: Pure silver from the base it springs, And far and wide its lustre flings. Seek Rávaṇ and the dame by brook, In pathless glen, in leafy nook On Meru’s crest a hermit lives Bright with the light that penance gives: Sávarṇi(732) is he named, renowned As Brahmá’s peer, with glory crowned. There bowing down in reverence speak And ask him of the dame you seek. Thus far the splendid Lord of Day Pursues through heaven his ceaseless way, Shedding on every spot his light; Then sinks behind Mount Asta’s height, Thus far advance: the sunless sea Beyond is all unknown to me. Susheṇ of mighty arm, long tried In peril, shall your legions guide. Receive his words with high respect, And ne’er his lightest wish neglect. He is my consort’s sire, and hence Deserves the utmost reverence.”

## Canto XLIII. The Army Of The North.

Forth went the legions of the west: And wise Sugríva addressed Śatabal, summoned from the crowd. To whom the sovereign cried aloud: “Go forth, O Vánar chief, go forth, Explore the regions of the north. Thy host a hundred thousand be, And Yáma’s sons(733) attend on thee. With dauntless courage, strength, and skill Search every river, wood, and hill. Through every land in order go Right onward to the Hills of Snow. Search mid the peaks that shine afar, In woods of Lodh and Deodár.(734) Search if with Janak’s daughter, screened By sheltering rocks, there lie the fiend. The holy grounds of Soma tread By Gods and minstrels visited. Reach Kála’s mount, and flats that lie Among the peaks that tower on high. Then leave that hill that gleams with ore, And fair Sudarśan’s heights explore. Then on to Devasakhá(735) hie, Loved by the children of the sky. A dreary land you then will see Without a hill or brook or tree, A hundred leagues, bare, wild, and dread In lifeless desolation, spread. Pursue your onward way, and haste Through the dire horrors of the waste Until triumphant with delight You reach Kailása’s glittering height. There stands a palace decked with gold, For King Kuvera(736) wrought of old, A home the heavenly artist planned And fashioned with his cunning hand. There lotuses adorn the flood With full-blown flower and opening bud Where swans and mallards float, and gay Apsarases(737) come down to play. There King Vaiśravaṇ’s(738) self, the lord By all the universe adored, Who golden gifts to mortals sends, Lives with the Guhyakas(739) his friends. Search every cavern in the steep, And green glens where the moonbeams sleep, If haply in that distant ground The robber and the dame be found. Then on to Krauncha’s hill,(740) and through His fearful pass your way pursue: Though dark and terrible the vale Your wonted courage must not fail. There through abyss and cavern seek, On lofty ridge, and mountain peak, On, on! pursue your journey still By valley, lake, and towering hill. Reach the North Kurus’ land, where rest The holy spirits of the blest: Where golden buds of lilies gleam Resplendent on the silver stream, And leaves of azure turkis throw Soft splendour on the waves below. Bright as the sun at early morn Fair pools that happy clime adorn, Where shine the loveliest flowers on stems Of crystal and all valued gems. Blue lotuses through all the land The glories of their blooms expand, And the resplendent earth is strown With peerless pearl and precious stone. There stately trees can scarce uphold The burthen of their fruits of gold, And ever flaunt their gay attire Of flower and leaf like flames of fire. All there sweet lives untroubled spend In bliss and joy that know not end, While pearl-decked maidens laugh, or sing To music of the silvery string.(741) Still on your forward journey keep, And rest you by the northern deep, Where springing from the billows high Mount Somagiri(742) seeks the sky, And lightens with perpetual glow The sunless realm that lies below. There, present through all life’s extent, Dwells Brahmá Lord preëminent, And round the great God, manifest In Rudra(743) forms high sages rest. Then turn, O Vánars: search no more, Nor tempt the sunless, boundless shore.”

## Canto XLIV. The Ring.

But special counselling he gave To Hanumán the wise and brave: To him on whom his soul relied, With friendly words the monarch cried: “O best of Vánars, naught can stay By land or sea thy rapid way, Who through the air thy flight canst bend, And to the Immortals’ home ascend. All realms, I ween, are known to thee With every mountain, lake, and sea. In strength and speed which naught can tire Thou, worthy rival of thy sire The mighty monarch of the wind, Where’er thou wilt a way canst find. Exert thy power, O swift and strong, Bring back the lady lost so long, For time and place, O thou most wise, Lie open to thy searching eyes.”

When Ráma heard that special hest To Hanumán above the rest, He from the monarch’s favour drew Hope of success and trust anew That he on whom his lord relied, In toil and peril trained and tried, Would to a happy issue bring The task commanded by the king. He gave the ring that bore his name, A token for the captive dame, That the sad lady in her woe The missive of her lord might know. “This ring,” he said, “my wife will see, Nor fear an envoy sent by me. Thy valour and thy skill combined, Thy resolute and vigorous mind, And King Sugríva’s high behest, With joyful hopes inspire my breast.”

## Canto XLV. The Departure.

Away, away the Vánars sped Like locusts o’er the land outspread. To northern realms where rising high The King of Mountains cleaves the sky, Fierce Śatabal with vast array Of Vánar warriors led the way. Far southward, as his lord decreed, Wise Hanumán, the Wind-God’s seed, With Angad his swift way pursued, And Tára’s warlike multitude, Strong Vinata with all his band Betook him to the eastern land, And brave Susheṇ in eager quest Sped swiftly to the gloomy west. Each Vánar chieftain sought with speed The quarter by his king decreed, While from his legions rose on high The shout and boast and battle cry: “We will restore the dame and beat The robber down beneath our feet. My arm alone shall win the day From Rávaṇ met in single fray, Shall rob the robber of his life, And rescue Ráma’s captive wife All trembling in her fear and woe. Here, comrades, rest: no farther go: For I will vanquish hell, and she Shall by this arm again be free. The rooted mountains will I rend, The mightiest trees will break and bend, Earth to her deep foundations cleave, And make the calm sea throb and heave. A hundred leagues from steep to steep In desperate bound my feet shall leap. My steps shall tread unchecked and free, Through woods, o’er land and hill and sea, Range as they list from flood to fell, And wander through the depths of hell.”

## Canto XLVI. Sugríva’s Tale.

“How, King,” cried Ráma, “didst thou gain Thy lore of sea and hill and plain?” “I told thee how,” Sugríva said, “From Báli’s arm Máyáví fled(744) To Malaya’s hill, and strove to save His life by hiding in the cave. I told how Báli sought, to kill His foe, the hollow of the hill; Nor need I, King, again unfold The wondrous tale already told. Then, wandering forth, my way I took By many a town and wood and brook. I roamed the earth from place to place, Till, like a mirror’s polished face, The whole broad disk, that lies between Its farthest bounds, mine eyes had seen. I wandered first to eastern skies Where fairest trees rejoiced mine eyes, And many a cave and wooded hill Where lilies robed the lake and rill. There metal dyes that hill(745) adorn Whence springs the sun to light the morn. There, too, I viewed the Milky sea, Where nymphs of heaven delight to be. Then to the south I made my way From regions of the rising day, And roamed o’er Vindhya, where the breeze Is odorous of sandal trees. Still in my fear I found no rest: I sought the regions of the west, And gazed on Asta,(746) where the sun Sinks when his daily course is run. Then from that noblest hill I fled And to the northern country sped, Saw Himaván,(747) and Meru’s steep, And stood beside the northern deep. But when, by Báli’s might oppressed, E’en in those wilds I could not rest, Came Hanumán the wise and brave, And thus his prudent counsel gave: “’I told thee how Matanga(748) cursed Thy tyrant, that his head should burst In pieces, should he dare invade The precincts of that tranquil shade. There may we dwell in peace and be From thy oppressor’s malice free.” We went to Rishyamúka’s hill, And spent our days secure from ill Where, with that curse upon his head, The cruel Báli durst not tread.”

## Canto XLVII. The Return.

Thus forth in quest of Sítá went The legions King Sugríva sent. To many a distant town they hied By many a lake and river’s side. As their great sovereign’s order taught, Through valleys, plains, and groves they sought. They toiled unresting through the day: At night upon the ground they lay Where the tall trees, whose branches swayed Beneath their fruit, gave pleasant shade. Then, when a weary month was spent, Back to Praśravaṇ’s hill they went, And stood with faces of despair Before their king Sugríva there. Thus, having wandered through the east, Great Vinata his labours ceased, And weary of the fruitless pain Returned to meet the king again, Brave Śatabali to the north Had led his Vánar legions forth. Now to Sugríva he sped With all his host dispirited. Susheṇ the western realms had sought, And homeward now his legions brought. All to Sugríva came, where still He sat with Ráma on the hill. Before their sovereign humbly bent And thus addressed him reverent: “On every hill our steps have been, By wood and cave and deep ravine; And all the wandering brooks we know Throughout the land that seaward flow, Our feet by thy command have traced The tangled thicket and the waste, And dens and dingles hard to pass for creeping plants and matted grass. Well have we searched with toil and pain, And monstrous creatures have we slain But Hanumán of noblest mind The Maithil lady yet will find; For to his quarter of the sky(749) The robber fiend was seen to fly.”

## Canto XLVIII. The Asur’s Death.

But Hanumán still onward pressed With Tára, Angad, and the rest, Through Vindhya’s pathless glens he sped And left no spot unvisited. He gazed from every mountain height, He sought each cavern dark as night, And wandered through the bloomy shade By pool and river and cascade, But, though they sought in every place, Of Sítá yet they found no trace. On fruit and woodland berries fed Through many a lonely wild they sped, And reached at last, untouched by fear, A desert terrible and drear: A fruitless waste, a land of gloom Where trees were bare of leaf and bloom, Where every scanty stream was dried, And niggard earth her roots denied. No elephants through all the ground, No buffaloes or deer are found. There roams no tiger, pard, or bear, No creature of the wood is there. No bird displays his glittering wings, No tree, no shrub, no creeper springs. There rise no lilies from the flood, Resplendent with their flower and bud, Where the delighted bees may throng About the fragrance with their song. There lived a hermit Kaṇdu named, For truth and wealth of penance famed. Whom fervent zeal and holy rite Had dowered with all-surpassing might. His little son, a ten year child— So chanced it—perished in the wild. His death with fury stirred the sage, Who cursed the forest in his rage, Doomed from that hour to shelter none, A waste for bird and beast to shun. They searched by every forest edge, They searched each cave and mountain ledge, And thickets whence the water fell Wandering through the tangled dell. Striving to do Sugríva’s will They roamed along each leafy rill. But vain were all endeavours, vain The careful search, the toil and pain. Through one dark grove they scarce could wind, So thick were creepers intertwined. There as they struggled through the wood Before their eyes an Asur(750) stood. High as a towering hill, his pride The very Gods in heaven defied. When on the fiend their glances fell Each braced him for the combat well. The demon raised his arm on high, And rushed upon them with a cry. Him Angad smote,—for, sure, he thought This was the fiend they long had sought. From his huge mouth by Angad felled, The blood in rushing torrents welled, As, like a mountain from his base Uptorn, he dropped upon his face. Thus fell the mighty fiend: and they Through the thick wood pursued their way; Then, weary with the toil, reclined Where leafy boughs to shade them twined.

## Canto XLIX. Angad’s Speech.

Then Angad spake: “We Vánars well Have searched each valley, cave, and dell, And hill, and brook, and dark recess, And tangled wood, and wilderness. But all in vain: no eye has seen The robber or the Maithil queen. A dreary time has passed away, And stern is he we all obey. Come, cast your grief and sloth aside: Again be every effort tried; So haply may our toil attain The sweet success that follows pain. Laborious effort, toil, and skill, The firm resolve, the constant will Secure at last the ends we seek: Hence, O my friends, I boldly speak. Once more then, noble hearts, once more Let us to-day this wood explore, And, languor and despair subdued, Purchase success with toil renewed. Sugríva is a king austere, And Ráma’s wrath we needs must fear. Come, Vánars, ye think it wise, And do the thing that I advise.”

Then Gandhamádan thus replied With lips that toil and thirst had dried; “Obey his words, for wise and true Is all that he has counselled you. Come, let your hosts their toil renew And search each grove and desert through, Each towering hill and forest glade. By lake and brook and white cascade, Till every spot, as our great lord Commanded, be again explored.”

Uprose the Vánars one and all, Obedient to the chieftain’s call, And over the southern region sped Where Vindhya’s tangled forests spread. They clomb that hill that towers on high Like a huge cloud in autumn’s sky, Where many a cavern yawns, and streaks Of radiant silver deck the peaks. In eager search they wandered through The forests where the Lodh trees grew, Where the dark leaves were thick and green, But found not Ráma’s darling queen. Then faint with toil, their hearts depressed, Descending from the mountain’s crest, Their weary limbs a while to ease They lay beneath the spreading trees.

## Canto L. The Enchanted Cave.

Angad and Tára by his side, Again rose Hanumán and tried Each mountain cavern, dark and deep, And stony pass and wooded steep, The lion’s and the tiger’s home, By rushing torrents white with foam. Then with new ardour, south and west, O’er Vindhya’s height the search they pressed. The day prescribed was near and they Still wandered on their weary way. They reached the southern land beset With woody mountains like a net. At length a mighty cave they spied That opened in a mountain’s side. Where many a verdant creeper grew And o’er the mouth its tendrils threw. Thence issued crane, and swan, and drake, And trooping birds that love the lake. The Vánars rushed within to cool Their fevered lips in spring or pool. Vast was the cavern dark and dread, Where not a ray of light was shed; Yet not the more their eyesight failed, Their courage sank or valour quailed. On through the gloom the Vánars pressed With hunger, thirst, and toil distressed, Poor helpless wanderers, sad, forlorn, With wasted faces wan and worn. At length, when life seemed lost for aye, They saw a splendour as of day, A wondrous forest, fair and bright, Where golden trees shot flamy light. And lotus-covered pools were there With pleasant waters fresh and fair, And streams their rippling currents rolled By seats of silver and of gold. Fair houses reared their stately height Of burnished gold and lazulite, And glorious was the lustre thrown Through lattices of precious stone. And there were flowers and fruit on stems Of coral decked with rarest gems, And emerald leaves on silver trees, And honeycomb and golden bees. Then as the Vánars nearer drew, A holy woman met their view, Around her form was duly tied A garment of the blackdeer’s hide.(751) Pure votaress she shone with light Of fervent zeal and holy rite. Then Hanumán before the rest With reverent words the dame addressed: “Who art thou? say: and who is lord Of this vast cave with treasures stored?”

## Canto LI. Svayamprabhá.

“Assailed by thirst and hunger, dame, Within a gloomy vault we came. We saw the cavern opening wide, And straight within its depths we hied. But utterly amazed are we At all the marvels that we see. Whose are the golden trees that gleam With splendour like the morning’s beam? These cates of noblest sort? these roots? This wondrous store of rarest fruits? Whose are these calm and cool retreats, These silver homes and golden seats, And lattices of precious stones? Who is the happy lord that owns The golden trees, of rarest scent, Neath loads of fruit and blossom bent? Who, strong in holy zeal, had power To deck the streams with richest dower, And bade the lilies bright with gold The glory of their blooms unfold, Where fish in living gold below The sheen of changing colours show? Thine is the holy power, I ween, That beautified the wondrous scene; But if another’s, lady, deign To tell us, and the whole explain.”

To him the lady of the cave In words like these her answer gave: “Skilled Maya framed in days of old This magic wood of growing gold. The chief artificer in place Was he of all the Dánav race. He, for his wise enchantments famed, This glorious dwelling planned and framed He for a thousand years endured The sternest penance, and secured From Brahmá of all boons the best, The knowledge Uśanas(752) possessed. Lord, by that boon, of all his will, He fashioned all with perfect skill; And, with his blissful state content, In this vast grove a season spent. By Indra’s jealous bolt he fell For loving Hemá’s(753) charms too well. And Brahmá on that nymph bestowed The treasures of this fair abode, Wherein her tranquil days to spend In happiness that ne’er may end. Sprung of a lineage old and high, Merusávarṇi’s(754) daughter, I Guard ever for that heavenly dame This home, Svayamprabhá(755) my name,— For I have loved the lady long, So skilled in arts of dance and song. But say what cause your steps has led The mazes of this grove to tread. How, strangers did ye chance to spy The wood concealed from wanderer’s eye? Tell clearly why ye come: but first Eat of this fruit and quench your thirst.”

## Canto LII. The Exit.

“Ráma,” he cried, “a prince whose sway All peoples of the earth obey, To Daṇḍak’s tangled forest came With his brave brother and his dame. From that dark shade of forest boughs The giant Rávaṇ stole his spouse. Our king Sugríva’s orders send These Vánars forth to aid his friend, That so the lady be restored Uninjured to her sorrowing lord. With Angad and the rest, this band Has wandered through the southern land, With careful search in every place The lady and the fiend to trace. We roamed the southern region o’er, And stood upon the ocean’s shore. By hunger pressed our strength gave way; Beneath the spreading trees we lay, And cried, worn out with toil and woe, “No farther, comrades, can we go.” Then as our sad eyes looked around We spied an opening in the ground, Where all was gloomy dark behind The creeping plants that o’er it twined. Forth trooping from the dark-recess Came swans and mallards numberless, With drops upon their shining wings As newly bathed where water springs. “On, comrades, to the cave,” I cried And all within the portal hied. Each clasping fast another’s hand Far onward pressed the Vánar band; And still, as thirst and hunger drove, We traced the mazes of the grove. Here thou with hospitable care Hast fed us with the noblest fare, Preserving us, about to die, With this thy plentiful supply. But how, O pious lady, say, May we thy gracious boon repay?”

He ceased: the ascetic dame replied: “Well, Vánars, am I satisfied. A life of holy works I lead, And from your hands no service need.” Then spake again the Vánar chief: “We came to thee and found relief. Now listen to a new distress, And aid us, holy votaress. Our wanderings in this vasty cave Exhaust the time Sugríva gave. Once more then, lady, grant release, And let thy suppliants go in peace Again upon their errand sped, For King Sugríva’s ire we dread. And the great task our sovereign set, Alas, is unaccomplished yet.”

Thus Hanumán their leader prayed, And thus the dame her answer made: “Scarce may the living find their way Returning hence to light of day; But I will free you through the might Of penance, fast, and holy rite. Close for a while your eyes, or ne’er May you return to upper air.” She ceased: the Vánars all obeyed; Their fingers on their eyes they laid, And, ere a moment’s time had fled, Were through the mazy cavern led. Again the gracious lady spoke, And joy in every bosom woke: “Lo, here again is Vindhya’s hill, Whose valleys trees and creepers fill; And, by the margin of the sea, Praśravaṇ where you fain would be.” With blessings then she bade adieu, And swift within the cave withdrew.

## Canto LIII. Angad’s Counsel.

They looked upon the boundless main The awful seat of Varuṇ’s reign. And heard his waters roar and rave Terrific with each crested wave. Then, in the depths of sorrow drowned, They sat upon the bosky ground, And sadly, as they pondered, grieved For days gone by and naught achieved. Pain pierced them through with sharper sting When, gazing on the trees of spring, They saw each waving bough that showed The treasures of its glorious load, And helpless, fainting with the weight Of woe they sank disconsolate. Then, lion-shouldered, stout and strong, The noblest of the Vánar throng, Angad the prince imperial rose, And, deeply stricken by the woes That his impetuous spirit broke, Thus gently to the chieftains spoke: “Mark ye not, Vánars, that the day Our monarch fixed has passed away? The month is lost in toil and pain, And now, my friends, what hopes remain? On you, in lore of counsel tried, Our king Sugríva most relied. Your hearts, with strong affection fraught, His weal in every labour sought, And the true valour of your band Was blazoned wide in every land. Forth on the toilsome search you sped, By me—for so he willed it—led, To us, of every hope bereft, Death is the only refuge left. For none a happy life may see Who fails to do our king’s decree. Come, let us all from food abstain, And perish thus, since hope is vain. Stern is our king and swift to ire, Imperious, proud, and fierce like fire, And ne’er will pardon us the crime Of fruitless search and wasted time. Far better thus to end our lives, And leave our wealth, our homes and wives, Leave our dear little ones and all, Than by his vengeful hand to fall. Think not Sugríva’s wrath will spare Me Báli’s son, imperial heir: For Raghu’s royal son, not he, To this high place anointed me. Sugríva, long my bitter foe, With eager hand will strike the blow, And, mindful of the old offence, Will slay me now for negligence, Nor will my pitying friends have power To save me in the deadly hour. No—here, O chieftains, will I lie By ocean’s marge, and fast and die.”

They heard the royal prince declare The purpose of his fixt despair; And all, by common terror moved, His speech in these sad words approved: “Sugríva’s heart is hard and stern, And Ráma’s thoughts for Sítá yearn. Our forfeit lives will surely pay For idle search and long delay, And our fierce king will bid us die The favour of his friend to buy.”

Then Tára softly spake to cheer The Vánars’ hearts oppressed by fear: “Despair no more, your doubts dispel: Come in this ample cavern dwell. There may we live in blissful ease Mid springs and fruit and bloomy trees, Secure from every foe’s assault, For magic framed the wondrous vault. Protected there we need not fear Though Ráma and our king come near; Nor dread e’en him who batters down The portals of the foeman’s town.”(756)

## Canto LIV. Hanumán’s Speech.

But Hanumán, while Tára, best Of splendid chiefs his thought expressed, Perceived that Báli’s princely son A kingdom for himself had won.(757) His keen eye marked in him combined The warrior’s arm, the ruler’s mind, And every noble gift should grace The happy sovereign of his race: Marked how he grew with ripening age More glorious and bold and sage,— Like the young moon that night by night Shines on with ever waxing light,— Brave as his royal father, wise As he who counsels in the skies:(758) Marked how, forwearied with the quest, He heeded not his liege’s hest, But Tára’s every word obeyed Like Indra still by Śukra(759) swayed. Then with his prudent speech he tried To better thoughts the prince to guide, And by division’s skilful art The Vánars and the youth to part: “Illustrious Angad, thou in fight Hast far surpassed thy father’s might, Most worthy, like thy sire of old, The empire of our race to hold. The Vánars’ fickle people range From wish to wish and welcome change. Their wives and babes they will not leave And to their new-made sovereign cleave. No art, no gifts will draw away The Vánars from Sugríva’s sway, Through hope of wealth, through fear of pain Still faithful will they all remain. Thou fondly hopest in this cave The vengeance of the foe to brave. But Lakshmaṇ’s arm a shower will send Of deadly shafts those walls to rend. Like Indra’s bolts his shafts have power To cleave the mountain like a flower. O Angad, mark my counsel well: If in this cave thou choose to dwell, These Vánar hosts with one accord Will quit thee for their lawful lord, And turn again with thirsty eyes To wife and babe and all they prize. Thou in the lonely cavern left Of followers and friends bereft, Wilt be in all thy woe, alas, Weak as a blade of trembling grass: And Lakshmaṇ’s arrows, keen and fierce From his strong bow, thy heart will pierce. But if in lowly reverence meek Sugríva’s court with us thou seek, He, as thy birth demands, will share The kingdom with the royal heir. Thy loving kinsman, true and wise, Looks on thee still with favouring eyes. Firm in his promise, pure is he, And ne’er will vex or injure thee. He loves thy mother, lives for her A faithful friend and worshipper. That mother’s love thou mayst not spurn: Her only child, return, return.”

## Canto LV. Angad’s Reply.

“What truth or justice canst thou find,” Cried Angad, “in Sugríva’s mind? Where is his high and generous soul, His purity and self-control? How is he worthy of our trust, Righteous, and true, and wise, and just, Who, shrinking not from sin and shame, Durst take his living brother’s dame? Who, when, in stress of mortal strife His noble brother fought for life, Against the valiant warrior barred The portal which he stood to guard? Can he be grateful—he who took The hand of Ráma, and forsook That friend who saved him in his woes, To whom his life and fame he owes? Ah no! his heart is cold and mean, What bids him search for Ráma’s queen? Not honour’s law, not friendship’s debt, But angry Lakshmaṇ’s timely threat. No prudent heart will ever place Its trust in one so false and base, Who heeds not friendship, kith or kin, Who scorns the law and cleaves to sin. But true or false, whate’er he be, One consequence I clearly see; Me, in my youth anointed heir Against his wish, he will not spare, But strike with eager hand the blow That rids him of a household foe. Shall I of power and friends despoiled, In all my purpose crossed and foiled,— Shall I Kishkindhá seek, and wait, Like some poor helpless thing, my fate? The cruel wretch through lust of sway Will seize upon his hapless prey, And to a prison’s secret gloom The remnant of my years will doom. ’Tis better far to fast and die Than hopeless bound in chains to lie, Your steps, O Vánars, homeward bend And leave me here my life to end. Better to die of hunger here Than meet at home the fate I fear. Go, bow you at Sugríva’s feet, And in my name the monarch greet. Before the sons of Raghu bend, And give the greeting that I send. Greet kindly Rumá too, for she A son’s affection claims from me, And gently calm with friendly care My mother Tárá’s wild despair; Or when she hears her darling’s fate The queen will die disconsolate.”

Thus Angad bade the chiefs adieu: Then on the ground his limbs he threw Where sacred Darbha(760) grass was spread, And wept as every hope had fled. The moving words of Angad drew Down aged cheeks the piteous dew. And, as the chieftains’ eyes grew dim, They swore to stay and die with him. On holy grass whose every blade Was duly, pointing southward, laid, The Vánars sat them down and bent Their faces to the orient, While “Here, O comrades, let us die With Angad,” was the general cry.

## Canto LVI. Sampáti.

Then came the vultures’ mighty king Where sat the Vánars sorrowing,— Sampáti,(761) best of birds that fly On sounding pinions through the sky, Jaṭáyus’ brother, famed of old, Most glorious and strong and bold. Upon the slope of Vindhya’s hill He saw the Vánars calm and still. These words he uttered while the sight Filled his fierce spirit with delight: “Behold how Fate with changeless laws Within his toils the sinner draws, And brings me, after long delay, A rich and noble feast to-day, These Vánars who are doomed to die My hungry maw to satisfy.”

He spoke no more: and Angad heard The menace of the mighty bird; And thus, while anguish filled his breast, The noble Hanumán addressed: “Vivasvat’s(762) son has sought this place For vengeance on the Vánar race. See, Yáma, wroth for Sítá’s sake, Is come our guilty lives to take. Our king’s decree is left undone, And naught achieved for Raghu’s son. In duty have we failed, and hence Comes punishment for dire offence. Have we not heard the marvels wrought By King Jaṭáyus,(763) how he fought With Rávaṇ’s might, and, nobly brave, Perished, the Maithil queen to save? There is no living creature, none, But loves to die for Raghu’s son, And in long toils and dangers we Have placed our lives in jeopardy. Blest is Jaṭáyus, he who gave His life the Maithil queen to save, And proved his love for Ráma well When by the giant’s hand he fell. Now raised to bliss and high renown He fears not fierce Sugríva’s frown. Alas, alas! what miseries spring From that rash promise of the king!(764) His own sad death, and Ráma sent With Lakshmaṇ forth to banishment: The Maithil lady borne away: Jaṭáyus slain in mortal fray: The fall of Báli when the dart Of Ráma quivered in his heart: And, after toil and pain and care, Our misery and deep despair.”

He ceased: the feathered monarch heard, His heart with ruth and wonder stirred: “Whose is that voice,” the vulture cried, “That tells me how Jaṭáyus died, And shakes my inmost soul with woe For a loved brother’s overthrow? After long days at length I hear The glorious name of one so dear. Once more, O Vánar chieftains, tell How King Jaṭáyus fought and fell. But first your aid, I pray you, lend, And from this peak will I descend. The sun has burnt my wings, and I No longer have the power to fly.”

## Canto LVII. Angad’s Speech.

Though grief and woe his utterance broke They trusted not the words he spoke; But, looking still for secret guile, Reflected in their hearts a while: “If on our mangled limbs he feed, We gain the death ourselves decreed.”

Then rose the Vánar chiefs, and lent Their arms to aid the bird’s descent; And Angad spake: “There lived of yore A noble Vánar king who bore The name of Riksharajas, great And brave and strong and fortunate. His sons were like their father: fame Knows Báli and Sugríva’s name. Praised in all lands, a glorious king Was Báli, and from him I spring. Brave Ráma, Daśaratha’s heir, A glorious prince beyond compare, His sire and duty’s law obeyed, And sought the depths of Daṇḍak’ shade Sítá his well-beloved dame, And Lakshmaṇ, with the wanderer came. A giant watched his hour, and stole The sweet delight of Ráma’s soul. Jaṭáyus, Daśaratha’s friend, Swift succour to the dame would lend. Fierce Rávaṇ from his car he felled, And for a time the prize withheld. But bleeding, weak with years, and tired, Beneath the demon’s blows expired, Due rites at Ráma’s hands obtained, And bliss that ne’er shall minish, gained. Then Ráma with Sugríva made A covenant for mutual aid, And Báli, to the field defied, By conquering Ráma’s arrow died. Sugríva then, by Ráma’s grace, Was monarch of the Vánar race. By his command a mighty host Seeks Ráma’s queen from coast to coast. Sent forth by him, in every spot We looked for her, but find her not. Vain is the toil, as though by night We sought to find the Day-God’s light. In lands unknown at length we found A spacious cavern under ground, Whose vaults that stretch beneath the hill Were formed by Maya’s magic skill. Through the dark maze our steps were bent, And wandering there a month we spent, And lost, in fruitless error, thus The days our king allotted us. Thus we though faithful have transgressed, And failed to keep our lord’s behest. No chance of safety can we see, No lingering hope of life have we. Sugríva’s wrath and Ráma’s hate Press on our souls with grievous weight: And we, because ’tis vain to fly, Resolve at length to fast and die.”

## Canto LVIII. Tidings Of Sítá.

The piteous tears his eye bedewed As thus his speech the bird renewed; “Alas my brother, slain in fight By Rávaṇ’s unresisted might! I, old and wingless, weak and worn, O’er his sad fate can only mourn. Fled is my youth: in life’s decline My former strength no more is mine. Once on the day when Vritra(765) died, We brothers, in ambitious pride, Sought, mounting with adventurous flight, The Day-God garlanded with light. On, ever on we urged our way Where fields of ether round us lay, Till, by the fervent heat assailed, My brother’s pinions flagged and failed. I marked his sinking strength, and spread My stronger wings to screen his head, Till, all my feathers burnt away, On Vindhya’s hill I fell and lay. There in my lone and helpless state I heard not of my brother’s fate.”

Thus King Sampáti spoke and sighed: And royal Angad thus replied: “If, brother of Jatáyus, thou Hast heard the tale I told but now, Obedient to mine earnest prayer The dwelling of that fiend declare. O, say where cursed Rávaṇ dwells, Whom folly to his death impels.”

He ceased. Again Sampáti spoke, And hope in every breast awoke: “Though lost my wings, and strength decayed, Yet shall my words lend Ráma aid. I know the worlds where Vishṇu trod,(766) I know the realm of Ocean’s God; How Asurs fought with heavenly foes, And Amrit from the churning rose.(767) A mighty task before me lies, To prosper Ráma’s enterprise, A task too hard for one whom length Of days has rifled of his strength. I saw the cruel Rávaṇ bear A gentle lady through the air. Bright was her form, and fresh and young, And sparkling gems about her hung. “O Ráma, Ráma!” cried the dame, And shrieked in terror Lakshmaṇ’s name, As, struggling in the giant’s hold, She dropped her gauds of gems and gold. Like sun-light on a mountain shone The silken garments she had on, And glistened o’er his swarthy form As lightning flashes through the storm. That giant Rávaṇ, famed of old, Is brother of the Lord of Gold.(768) The southern ocean roars and swells Round Lanká, where the robber dwells In his fair city nobly planned And built by Viśvakarmá’s(769) hand. Within his bower securely barred, With monsters round her for a guard, Still in her silken vesture clad Lies Sítá, and her heart is sad. A hundred leagues your course must be Beyond this margin of the sea. Still to the south your way pursue, And there the giant Rávaṇ view. Then up, O Vánars, and away! For by my heavenly lore I say, There will you see the lady’s face, And hither soon your steps retrace. In the first field of air are borne The doves and birds that feed on corn. The second field supports the crows And birds whose food on branches grows. Along the third in balanced flight Sail the keen osprey and the kite. Swift through the fourth the falcon springs The fifth the slower vulture wings. Up to the sixth the gay swans rise, Where royal Vainateya(770) flies. We too, O chiefs, of vulture race, Our line from Vinatá may trace, Condemned, because we wrought a deed Of shame, on flesh and blood to feed. But all Suparṇa’s(771) wondrous powers And length of keenest sight are ours, That we a hundred leagues away Through fields of air descry our prey. Now from this spot my gazing eye Can Rávaṇ and the dame descry. Devise some plan to overleap This barrier of the briny deep. Find the Videhan lady there, And joyous to your home repair. Me too, O Vánars, to the side Of Varuṇ’s(772) home the ocean, guide, Where due libations shall be paid To my great-hearted brother’s shade.”

## Canto LIX. Sampáti’s Story.

They heard his counsel to the close, Then swiftly to their feet they rose; And Jámbaván with joyous breast The vulture king again addressed:

“Where, where is Sítá? who has seen, Who borne away the Maithil queen? Who would the lightning flight withstand by Lakshmaṇ’s hand?”

Again Sampáti spoke to cheer The Vánars as they bent to hear: “Now listen, and my words shall show What of the Maithil dame I know, And in what distant prison lies The lady of the long dark eyes. Scorched by the fiery God of Day, High on this mighty hill I lay. A long and weary time had passed, And strength and life were failing fast. Yet, ere the breath had left my frame, My son, my dear Supárśva, came. Each morn and eve he brought me food, And filial care my life renewed. But serpents still are swift to ire, Gandharvas slaves to soft desire, And we, imperial vultures, need A full supply our maws to feed. Once he turned at close of day, Stood by my side, but brought no prey. He looked upon my ravenous eye, Heard my complaint and made reply: “Borne on swift wings ere day was light I stood upon Mahendra’s(773) height, And, far below, the sea I viewed And birds in countless multitude. Before mine eyes a giant flew Whose monstrous form was dark of hue And struggling in his grasp was borne A lady radiant as the morn. Swift to the south his course he bent, And cleft the yielding element. The holy spirits of the air Came round me as I marvelled there, And cried as their bright legions met: “O say, is Sítá living yet?” Thus cried the saints and told the name Of him who held the struggling dame. Then while mine eye with eager look Pursued the path the robber took, I marked the lady’s streaming hair, And heard her cry of wild despair. I saw her silken vesture rent And stripped of every ornament, Thus, O my father, fled the time: Forgive, I pray, the heedless crime.” In vain the mournful tale I heard My pitying heart to fury stirred, What could a helpless bird of air, Reft of his boasted pinions, dare? Yet can I aid with all that will And words can do, and friendly skill.”

## Canto LX. Sampáti’s Story.

Then from the flood Sampáti paid Due offerings to his brother’s shade. He bathed him when the rites were done, And spake again to Báli’s son: “Now listen, Prince, while I relate How first I learned the lady’s fate. Burnt by the sun’s resistless might I fell and lay on Vindhya’s height. Seven nights in deadly swoon I passed, But struggling life returned at last. Around I bent my wondering view, But every spot was strange and new. I scanned the sea with eager ken, And rock and brook and lake and glen, I saw gay trees their branches wave, And creepers mantling o’er the cave. I heard the wild birds’ joyous song, And waters as they foamed along, And knew the lovely hill must be Mount Vindhya by the southern sea. Revered by heavenly beings, stood Near where I lay, a sacred wood, Where great Niśakar dwelt of yore And pains of awful penance bore. Eight thousand seasons winged their flight Over the toiling anchorite— Upon that hill my days were spent,— And then to heaven the hermit went. At last, with long and hard assay, Down from that height I made my way, And wandered through the mountain pass Rough with the spikes of Darbha grass. I with my misery worn, and faint Was eager to behold the saint: For often with Jaṭáyus I Had sought his home in days gone by. As nearer to the grove I drew The breeze with cooling fragrance blew, And not a tree that was not fair, With richest flower and fruit was there. With anxious heart a while I stayed Beneath the trees’ delightful shade, And soon the holy hermit, bright With fervent penance, came in sight. Behind him bears and lions, tame As those who know their feeder, came, And tigers, deer, and snakes pursued His steps, a wondrous multitude, And turned obeisant when the sage Had reached his shady hermitage. Then came Niśakar to my side And looked with wondering eyes, and cried: “I knew thee not, so dire a change Has made thy form and feature strange. Where are thy glossy feathers? where The rapid wings that cleft the air? Two vulture brothers once I knew: Each form at will could they endue. They of the vulture race were kings, And flew with Mátariśva’s(774) wings. In human shape they loved to greet Their hermit friend, and clasp his feet. The younger was Jaṭáyus, thou The elder whom I gaze on now. Say, has disease or foeman’s hate Reduced thee from thy high estate?”

## Canto LXI. Sampáti’s Story.

“Ah me! o’erwhelmed with shame and weak With wounds,” I cried, “I scarce can speak. My hapless brother once and I Our strength of flight resolved to try. And by our foolish pride impelled Our way through realms of ether held. We vowed before the saints who tread The wilds about Kailása’s head, That we with following wings would chase The swift sun to his resting place. Up on our soaring pinions through The fields of cloudless air we flew. Beneath us far, and far away, Like chariot wheels bright cities lay, Whence in wild snatches rose the song Of women mid the gay-clad throng, With sounds of sweetest music blent And many a tinkling ornament. Then as our rapid wings we strained The pathway of the sun we gained. Beneath us all the earth was seen Clad in her garb of tender green, And every river in her bed Meandered like a silver thread. We looked on Meru far below And Vindhya and the Lord of Snow, Like elephants that bend to cool Their fever in a lilied pool. But fervent heat and toil o’ercame The vigour of each yielding frame, Our weary hearts began to quail, And wildered sense to reel and fail. We knew not, fainting and distressed, The north or south or east or west. With a great strain mine eyes I turned Where the fierce sun before me burned, And seemed to my astonished eyes The equal of the earth in size.(775) At length, o’erpowered, Jaṭáyus fell Without a word to say farewell, And when to earth I saw him hie I followed headlong from the sky.(776) With sheltering wings I intervened And from the sun his body screened, But lost, for heedless folly doomed, My pinions which the heat consumed. In Janasthán, I hear them say, My hapless brother fell and lay. I, pinionless and faint and weak, Dropped upon Vindhya’s woody peak. Now with my swift wings burnt away, Reft of my brother and my sway, From this tall mountain’s summit I Will cast me headlong down and die.”

## Canto LXII. Sampáti’s Story.

“As to the saint I thus complained My bitter tears fell unrestrained. He pondered for a while, then broke The silence, and thus calmly spoke: “Forth from thy sides again shall spring, O royal bird, each withered wing, And all thine ancient power and might Return to thee with strength of sight. A noble deed has been foretold In prophecy pronounced of old: Nor dark to me are future things, Seen by the light which penance brings. A glorious king shall rise and reign, The pride of old Ikshváku’s strain. A good and valiant prince, his heir, Shall the dear name of Ráma bear. With his brave brother Lakshmaṇ he An exile in the woods shall be, Where Rávaṇ, whom no God may slay,(777) Shall steal his darling wife away. In vain the captive will be wooed With proffered love and dainty food, She will not hear, she will not taste: But, lest her beauty wane and waste, Lord Indra’s self will come to her With heavenly food, and minister. Then envoys of the Vánar race By Ráma sent will seek this place. To them, O roamer of the air, The lady’s fate shalt thou declare. Thou must not move—so maimed thou art Thou canst not from this spot depart. Await the day and moment due, And thy burnt wings will sprout anew. I might this day the boon bestow And bid again thy pinions grow, But wait until thy saving deed The nations from their fear have freed. Then for this glorious aid of thine The princes of Ikshváku’s line, And Gods above and saints below Eternal gratitude shall owe. Fain would mine aged eyes behold That pair of whom my lips have told, Yet wearied here I must not stay, But leave my frame and pass away.”

## Canto LXIII. Sampáti’s Story.

“With this and many a speech beside My failing heart he fortified, With glorious hope my breast inspired, And to his holy home retired. I scaled the mountain height, to view The region round, and looked for you. In ceaseless watchings night and day A hundred seasons passed away, And by the sage’s words consoled I wait the hour and chance foretold. But since Niśakar sought the skies. And cast away all earthly ties, Full many a care and doubt has pressed With grievous weight upon my breast. But for the saint who turned aside My purpose I had surely died. Those hopeful words the hermit spake, That bid me live for Ráma’s sake, Dispel my anguish as the light Of lamp and torch disperse the night.”

He ceased: and in the Vánars’ view Forth from his side young pinions grew, And boundless rapture filled his breast As thus the chieftains he addressed: “Joy, joy! the pinions, which the Lord Of Day consumed, are now restored Through the dear grace & boundless might Of that illustrious anchorite. The fire of youth within me burns, And all my wonted strength returns. Onward, ye Vánars, toil strive, And you shall find the dame alive. Look on these new-found wings, and hence Be strong in surest confidence.”

Swift from the crag he sprang to try His pinions in his native sky. His words the chieftains’ doubts had stilled, And every heart with courage filled.(778)

## Canto LXIV. The Sea.

Shouts of triumphant joy outrang As to their feet the Vánars sprang: And, on the mighty task intent, Swift to the sea their steps they bent. They stood and gazed upon the deep, Whose billows with a roar and leap On the sea banks ware wildly hurled,— The mirror of the mighty world. There on the strand the Vánars stayed And with sad eyes the deep surveyed, Here, as in play, his billows rose, And there he slumbered in repose. Here leapt the boisterous waters, high As mountains, menacing the sky, And wild infernal forms between The ridges of the waves were seen. They saw the billows rave and swell, And their sad spirits sank and fell; For ocean in their deep despair Seemed boundless as the fields of air. Then noble Angad spake to cheer The Vánars and dispel their fear: “Faint not: despair should never find Admittance to a noble mind. Despair, a serpent’s mortal bite, Benumbs the hero’s power and might.”

Then passed the weary night, and all Assembled at their prince’s call, And every lord of high estate Was gathered round him for debate. Bright was the chieftains’ glorious band Round Angad on the ocean strand, As when the mighty Storm-Gods meet Round Indra on his golden seat. Then princely Angad looked on each, And thus began his prudent speech: “What chief of all our host will leap A hundred leagues across the deep? Who, O illustrious Vánars, who Will make Sugríva’s promise true, And from our weight of fear set free The leaders of our band and me? To whom, O warriors, shall we owe A sweet release from pain and woe, And proud success, and happy lives With our dear children and our wives, Again permitted by his grace To look with joy on Ráma’s face, And noble Lakshmaṇ, and our lord The king, to our sweet homes restored?”

Thus to the gathered lords he spoke; But no reply the silence broke. Then with a sterner voice he cried: “O chiefs, the nation’s boast and pride, Whom valour strength and power adorn, Of most illustrious lineage born, Where’er you will you force a way, And none your rapid course can stay. Now come, your several powers declare. And who this desperate leap will dare?”

## Canto LXV. The Council.

But none of all the host was found To clear the sea with desperate bound, Though each, as Angad bade, declared His proper power and what he dared.(779) Then spake good Jámbaván the sage, Chief of them all for reverend age; “I, Vánar chieftains, long ago Limbs light to leap could likewise show, But now on frame and spirit weighs The burthen of my length of days. Still task like this I may not slight, When Ráma and our king unite. So listen while I tell, O friends, What lingering strength mine age attends. If my poor leap may aught avail, Of ninety leagues, I will not fail. Far other strength in youth’s fresh prime I boasted, in the olden time, When, at Prahláda’s(780) solemn rite, I circled in my rapid flight Lord Vishṇu, everlasting God, When through the universe he trod. But now my limbs are weak and old, My youth is fled, its fire is cold, And these exhausted nerves to strain In such a task were idle pain.”

Then Angad due obeisance paid, And to the chief his answer made: “Then I, ye noble Vánars, I Myself the mighty leap will try: Although perchance the power I lack To leap from Lanká’s island back.”

Thus the impetuous chieftain cried, And Jámbaván the sage replied: “Whate’er thy power and might may be, This task, O Prince, is not for thee. Kings go not forth themselves, but send The servants who their best attend. Thou art the darling and the boast, The honoured lord of all the host. In thee the root, O Angad, lies Of our appointed enterprise; And thee, on whom our hopes depend, Our care must cherish and defend.”

Then Báli’s noble son replied: “Needs must I go, whate’er betide, For, if no chief this exploit dare, What waits us all save blank despair,— Upon the ground again to lie In hopeless misery, fast, and die? For not a hope of life I see If we neglect our king’s decree.” Then spoke the aged chief again: “Nay our attempt shall not be vain, For to the task will I incite A chieftain of sufficient might.”

## Canto LXVI. Hanumán.

The chieftain turned his glances where The legions sat in mute despair; And then to Hanumán, the best Of Vánar lords, these words addressed: “Why still, and silent, and apart, O hero of the dauntless heart? Thou keepest treasured in thy mind The laws that rule the Vánar kind, Strong as our king Sugríva, brave As Ráma’s self to slay or save. Through every land thy praise is heard, Famous as that illustrious bird, Aríshṭanemi’s son,(781) the king Of every fowl that plies the wing. Oft have I seen the monarch sweep With sounding pinions o’er the deep, And in his mighty talons bear Huge serpents struggling through the air. Thy arms, O hero, match in might The ample wings he spreads for flight; And thou with him mayest well compare In power to do, in heart to dare. Why, rich in wisdom, power, and skill, O hero, art thou lingering still? An Apsaras(782) the fairest found Of nymphs for heavenly charms renowned, Sweet Punjikasthalá, became A noble Vánar’s wedded dame. Her heavenly title heard no more, Anjaná was the name she bore, When, cursed by Gods, from heaven she fell In Vánar form on earth to dwell, New-born in mortal shape the child Of Kunjar monarch of the wild. In youthful beauty wondrous fair, A crown of flowers about her hair, In silken robes of richest dye She roamed the hills that kiss the sky. Once in her tinted garments dressed She stood upon the mountain crest, The God of Wind beside her came, And breathed upon the lovely dame. And as he fanned her robe aside The wondrous beauty that he eyed In rounded lines of breast and limb And neck and shoulder ravished him; And captured by her peerless charms He strained her in his amorous arms. Then to the eager God she cried In trembling accents, terrified: “Whose impious love has wronged a spouse So constant in her nuptial vows?” He heard, and thus his answer made: “O, be not troubled, nor afraid, But trust, and thou shalt know ere long My love has done thee, sweet, no wrong, So strong and brave and wise shall be The glorious child I give to thee. Might shall be his that naught can tire, And limbs to spring as springs his sire.” Thus spoke the God; the conquered dame Rejoiced in heart nor feared the shame. Down in a cave beneath the earth The happy mother gave thee birth. Once o’er the summit of the wood Before thine eyes the new sun stood. Thou sprangest up in haste to seize What seemed the fruitage of the trees. Up leapt the child, a wondrous bound, Three hundred leagues above the ground, And, though the angered Day-God shot His fierce beams on him, feared him not. Then from the hand of Indra came A red bolt winged with wrath and flame. The child fell smitten on a rock, His cheek was shattered by the shock, Named Hanumán(783) thenceforth by all In memory of the fearful fall. The wandering Wind-God saw thee lie With bleeding cheek and drooping eye, And stirred to anger by thy woe Forbade each scented breeze to blow. The breath of all the worlds was stilled, And the sad Gods with terror filled Prayed to the Wind, to calm the ire And soothe the sorrow of the sire. His fiery wrath no longer glowed, And Brahmá’s self the boon bestowed That in the brunt of battle none Should slay with steel the Wind-God’s son. Lord Indra, sovereign of the skies, Bent on thee all his thousand eyes, And swore that ne’er the bolt which he Hurls from the heaven should injure thee. ’Tis thine, O mighty chief, to share The Wind-God’s power, his son and heir. Sprung from that glorious father thou, And thou alone, canst aid us now. This earth of yore, through all her climes, I circled one-and-twenty times, And gathered, as the Gods decreed, Great store of herbs from hill and mead, Which, scattered o’er the troubled wave, The Amrit to the toilers gave. But now my days are wellnigh told, My strength is gone, my limbs are old, And thou, the bravest and the best, Art the sure hope of all the rest. Now, mighty chief, the task assay: Thy matchless power and strength display. Rise up, O prince, our second king, And o’er the flood of ocean spring. So shall the glorious exploit vie With his who stepped through earth and sky.”(784)

He spoke: the younger chieftain heard, His soul to vigorous effort stirred, And stood before their joyous eyes Dilated in gigantic size.

## Canto LXVII. Hanumán’s Speech.

Soon as his stature they beheld, Their fear and sorrow were dispelled; And joyous praises loud and long Rang out from all the Vánar throng. On the great chief their eyes they bent In rapture and astonishment, As, when his conquering foot he raised, The Gods upon Náráyaṇ(785) gazed. He stood amid the joyous crowd, Bent to the chiefs, and cried aloud: “The Wind-God, Fire’s eternal friend, Whose blasts the mountain summits rend, With boundless force that none may stay, Takes where he lists his viewless way. Sprung from that glorious father, I In power and speed with him may vie, A thousand times with airy leap Can circle loftiest Meru’s steep: With my fierce arms can stir the sea Till from their bed the waters flee And rush at my command to drown This land with grove and tower and town. I through the fields of air can spring Far swifter than the feathered King, And leap before him as he flies, On sounding pinions through the skies. I can pursue the Lord of Light Uprising from the eastern height, And reach him ere his course be sped With burning beams engarlanded. I will dry up the mighty main, Shatter the rocks and rend the plain. O’er earth and ocean will I bound, And every flower that grows on ground, And bloom of climbing plants shall show Strewn on the ground, the way I go, Bright as the lustrous path that lies Athwart the region of the skies.(786) The Maithil lady will I find,— Thus speaks mine own prophetic mind,— And cast in hideous ruin down The shattered walls of Lanká’s town.”

Still on the chief in rapt surprise The Vánar legions bent their eyes, And thus again sage Jámbaván Addressed the glorious Hanumán: “Son of the Wind, thy promise cheers The Vánars’ hearts, and calms their fears, Who, rescued from their dire distress, With prospering vows thy way will bless. The holy saints their favour lend, And all our chiefs the deed commend Urging thee forward on thy way: Arise then, and the task assay. Thou art our only refuge; we, Our lives and all, depend on thee.”

Then sprang the Wind-God’s son the best Of Vánars, on Mahendra’s crest, And the great mountain rocked and swayed By that unusual weight dismayed, As reels an elephant beneath The lion’s spring and rending teeth. The shady wood that crowned him shook, The trembling birds the boughs forsook, And ape and pard and lion fled From brake and lair disquieted.

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