CHAPTER XV Notes

68 What Schopenhauer wrote after this, his chief work, which was printed when he was thirty, are only appendixes and popular explanations of it: _Concerning the Will in Nature_ (1836), _The Two Fundamental Problems of Ethics_ (1840), _Parerga and Paralipomena_ (2 vols., 1851).

69 In 1802-1804 Anquetil Duperron (1731-1805) published in two volumes, with a Latin translation, the _Oupnek’hat_, a collection of fifty Upanishads, which he had brought back from India in a Persian text.

70 _The World as Will and Idea_, vol. ii., chap. xli.

71 _The World as Will and Idea_, vol. i., chap. lxix.

72 That the man who has won through to complete world- and life-denial remains holy even if he commits actions which according to accepted ideas are unethical, is taught by the Bhagavadgita as well as by the Upanishads.

73 _The World as Will and Idea_, vol. i., chap. lxviii.

74 Friedrich Nietzsche: _Old-fashioned Reflexions_ (4 parts, 1873-1876), _Human and All too Human_ (3 vols., 1878-1880), _Joyous Science_ (1882), _Thus spake Zarathustra_ (4 parts, 1883-1885), _Beyond Good and Evil_ (1886), _On the Genealogy of Morality_ (1887), _The Will to Power_ (posthumous, 1906).

75 Max Stirner (1806-1856), whose real name was Kaspar Schmidt, has recently been regarded as a predecessor of Nietzsche’s on account of his book, _The Individual and His Property_ (1845), in which he supports the theory of merciless egoism. But he is not one. He has provided no really deep philosophical background for his anarchistic egoism. He speaks as a mere logician, and does not rise above the level of the Greek sophists. A religious reverence for life, such as Nietzsche feels, is not to be found in him.