CHAPTER XX Notes

105 This book dates from about the eleventh century A.D. It has been translated into English by James Legge (_Sacred Books of the East_, 1891) and by T. Susuki and P. Carus (Chicago, 1906); into French by M. A. Rémusat (_Le livre des récompenses et des peines_, 1816), and by Stanislas Julien (1835); into German by W. Schüler (_Zeitschrift für Missionskunde_, 1909).

“Be human with animals, and do no harm to insects, plants, and trees,” is the command of one saying in this book. The following acts are condemned: “Hunting men or animals to death; shooting with bow and arrow at birds; hunting quadrupeds; driving insects out of their holes; frightening birds which are asleep in the trees; blocking up the holes of insects, and destroying birds-nests.” To delight in hunting is described as a serious moral perversion.

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INDEX

Alexander the Great, 50 Alexander II., 103 Alexander, Samuel, 182 Amos, 21 Antisthenes, 36 Anti-Utilitarians(ism), 86, 87, 107 Aristippus, 36 n. Aristotle, 21,42,44 ff., 65 Arrian, 53 n. Augustine, 58

Bach, J. S., 91 Bacon, Lord Verulam, 64 Basilides, 125 n. Bayle, 93 Beneke, 151 Bentham, 75, 77, 79, 83, 96, 103, 144, 151, 159, 222, 233 Bergson, 198 f., 203 Bernstein, 163 Bodin, 68 Bradley, 184 f. Braun, 201 n. Buddha, 21, 25, 27, 133, 172, 174, 214, 238 Butler, Bp., 89

Carus, P., 234 n. Chamberlain, 198 f. Charron, 68 Cherbury, Lord H. of, 93 Chwang-tse, 27, 54, 118, 120 f., 131, 133, 139, 179, 236 f., 272 Cicero, 52 n., 65 Clarke, 86 Clemens, Flavius, 126 n. Clement XIV., 95 Cohen, 183 f. Collins, 93 Comte, 152, 154 Condorcet, 89, 104 Confucius (Kung-tse), 21, 27, 34, 54, 91, 104, 139, 237 f., 272 Copernicus, 61, 114 Cudworth, 86 Cumberland, 86 Cynics, 34, 36, 43 Cyrenaics, 34, 36, 43

Darwin, Chas., 14,153 ff., 193, 233 Democritus, 36 f. Descartes, 13, 62, 116, 123, 137, 233, 246 Diderot, 87 n., 89 Diogenes Laertius, 32 n., 36 n. Diogenes of Sinope, 36 n. Domitian, 52 Drews, 201 n. Du Bois-Raymond, 209

Engels, 161 Epictetus, 52-6, 58, 60, 65 Epicurus(ism), 21, 36-9, 51, 58, 68 Erasmus, 66 f. Ernesti, 93 Essenes, The, 98

Feuerbach, 152 Fichte, J. G., 21, 126 ff., 136-145, 147, 150 f., 166-171, 177, 185, 189, 209, 223, 231, 237 f. Fichte, Imm. H., 126 n., 166 Firmian, Archbishop, 95 Fouillée, 186-193, 198 Fourier, 161 Frederick the Great, 81, 96 Freemasons, 97

Galileo, 62 Gassendi, 68 Giordano, Bruno, 62, 88 Gizyki, von, 182 Gnostics, 60, 125 f. Goethe, 89, 136 ff., 140, 199 Gomperz, 153 n. Green, T. H., 184 ff.

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Grotius, 68, 96 Guyau, 187-93

Haeckel, 201 Hartley, 72, 152 Hartmann, 194-197 Hegel, 21, 102, 126, 141-149, 150, 162, 167, 170, 173, 197, 202, 237 f. Helvetius, 75-79 Heraclitus, 32 Herbart, 166 Herder, 89 Herrmann, 183-185 Hobbes, 75-79, 85, 120 Höffding, 182 Holbach, von, 72, 152 Humanism, 92 Hume, 80-84, 93, 152, 155, 181, 188 Hutcheson, 89

Illuminati, The, 97 Indian Philosophy, 11, 14, 17, 25, 27, 28, 30, 34, 42, 54, 66, 88, 113, 117 f., 121, 123, 145 f., 158, 166, 171, 194, 214, 223, 231, 237, 239 Intellectualists, 87, 106 Intuitionists, 87, 106, 184 Isaiah, 21

Jacobi, 116 James, 210 Jenner, 97 Jesuits, 95, 98 Jesus, 21, 25, 27, 34, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 94, 98, 158, 202 Jodl, 24, 182 Joseph II., 99 Josephus, 98

Kant, 13, 21, 23, 25, 41, 87, 106-115, 122, 127-129, 134, 136, 137, 140, 147, 150, 151, 166, 169, 184, 190, 199, 206, 209, 223, 231, 233, 252 Kepler, 62 Keplerbund, 209 Ketteler, 162 Keyserling, 198-200, 203 Kingsley, Charles, 162 f.

Laas, 152 Lamennais, 162 n. Lange, 162, 192 f. Lao-tse, 21, 27, 34, 37, 118, 120, 121, 133, 139, 179, 236 f. Lassalle, 161, 164 Latitudinarians, 93 n. Laurie, 184 f. Legge, 234 n. Leibniz, 93, 116, 122-124, 137 Leonardo da Vinci, 61, 200 Lenôtre, 96 n. Lessing, 89, 93 Lie-tse, 118, 120, 179 Locke, 21, 75-79, 85

Machiavelli, 68 Marcus Aurelius, 52-60, 65, 68 Marcion, 125 n. Martineau, 184 f. Marx, 161 f. Maurice, F. D., 162 Mayhew, 163 n. Mendelssohn, Moses, 89, 93, 116 Meng-tse, 27, 47, 51, 54, 237 Michaelis, 93 Mill, James, 153 Mill, John Stuart, 150, 153 Mo-di, 237 Mohammed, 27 Monism, 60, 90, 114, 138, 189, 201 Montaigne, 67 More, Henry, 86

Napoleon Buonaparte, 100, 102 Neoplatonism, 60 Neopythagoreanism, 60 Nero, 52

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Newton, Isaac, 69, 86 Nicolai, 129 Nietzsche, 21, 23, 165, 174-180, 188 f., 197, 201, 223, 231, 236 Origen, 126 n. Orphism, 42 Owen, Robert, 161

Paracelsus, 62 Paulsen, 182 Paul (the Apostle), 21 Plato, 21, 33-35, 40-52, 85, 223 Plotinus, 60 Positivism, 152 Prophets, the Jewish, 21, 27, 34, 231 Proudhon, 161 Pythagoreanism, 42

Rationalists (ism), 6, 90-105,124-131, 135, 139, 147, 150 f., 190, 211 Reformation, 66 Reimarus, 93 Reinhard, 94 Renaissance, 21, 61 f., 69 Renouvier, 183 Ritschl, 210 Rousseau, 93 Royce, 186

Saint Simon, 161 Schelling, 126 Schiller, 136-138, 140 Schleiermacher, 138-140, 145 Schmoller, 162 Scholasticism, 61 Schopenhauer, 11, 13, 21, 23, 30, 165-174, 179 f., 189, 197, 223, 231, 234 Schweitzer, Albert, 67 n., 94 n. Semler, 93 Seneca, 52-60, 65 Seth, 184 f. Sforza, 200 Shaftesbury, Lord, 21, 85-87, 138 Sidgwick, H., 182 Simmel, 182 n. Smith, Adam, 80-84, 87, 152 155 f., 185 Socinians, 92 Socrates, 21, 33-47, 52, 71, 74, 177 Sophists, 32, 48, 178 Spencer, H., 153-158, 202 Spinoza, 13, 21, 25, 88, 104 116-124, 133, 137-140, 143 167, 189, 223, 237 f. Staël, Madame de, 103 Stephen, Leslie, 182 Stern, 192 f., 234 Stirner, 179 n. Stoics, 21, 35-9, 54, 57, 237

Taoism, 37 Telesio, 62 Thomasius, 95 Tindal, 93 Toland, 93 Tolstoi, 163

Unitarians, 93 Unold, 201 Utilitarianism, 80-83, 87-89, 107 109, 150-164, 166, 221, 232

Valentinus (Gnostic), 125 n. Venturini, 94, 98 Voltaire, 89, 90, 93, 122

Wieland, 89 Wollaston, 86 Wolff, 93, 124 Wundt, 182, 233

Xenophanes, 32 Xenophon, 33, 39

Yang-tse, 179, 236

Zarathustra, 21, 27 f., 179, 231 Zelter, 91 Zeno, 36 f., 54, 57 Zwingli, 92

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

The formatting of both the .htm and .txt files followed that of three similar books, The Quest of the Historical Jesus, The Mystery of the Kingdom of God and The Decay and Restoration of Civilization already in Project Gutenberg. I have included page numbers in the format [pg xxx] for both .htm and .txt.

I made several hyphenation choices, forced by de-hyphenation at the ends of lines:

1. Will-lessness p. 194. 2. birds-nests note 105 p. 234.

Cases of inconsistent use (both hyphenated and unhyphenated are present) were left as they are: two-fold, non-sensible, Kung-tse, un-civilization, pre-conceptions, pre-suppositions, thorough-going, re-fashion, present-day, world-view, driving-force, sum-total, will-to-power, belief-in-progress, nature-philosophy, rationally-pleasurable, ever-new, general-notion, world-and-life affirmation, matter-of-fact, wage-system, fellow-men, bass-note, world-religions, so-called, will-to-action, ready-made, all-round, optimistic-ethical.

I left the misspelled word “postumous” in footnote 22 from p. 86, the misspelled word “alway” from p. 262 but I corrected the birth date for Henri Bergson from 1560 to 1860 on p. 198, I corrected the spelling of the translator of Mill in the Index to “Gomperz”, the spelling of the German philosopher “Leibniz” on p. 93 and the Index and the spelling of the German philosopher “Nietzsche” on p. 175 and 176. I eliminated the small caps used for the first name of each starting letter in the Index.

In the .txt version I have used utf8 encoding and the following markers:

1. italic text surrounded by _ 2. footnote references in the form _(_number_)_