CHAPTER XVI Notes

76 H. Sidgwick: _The Method of Ethics_ (1874). (German translation by C. Bauer, 1909.)

77 Leslie Stephen: _The Science of Ethics_ (1882).

78 S. Alexander: _Moral Order and Progress: An Analysis of Ethical Conceptions_ (1889).

79 Wm. Wundt: _Ethics: An Examination of the Facts and Law of the Moral Life_ (1887).

80 Friedrich Paulsen: _A System of Ethics_ (1889).

81 Friedrich Jodl: _A History of Ethics as Philosophical Science_ (2 vols., 2nd ed., 1906 and 1912).

82 Georg von Gizyki: _Moral Philosophy, expounded so as to be intelligible to all_ (1888).

83 Harald Höffding (a Dane): _Ethics_ (1887). (German translation, 1888.)

Georg Simmel (1858-1918) adopts a critical attitude towards modern “scientific” ethics in his _Introduction to Moral Science_ (1892).

84 H. Cohen: _Kant’s Foundation given to Ethics_ (1877); _The Ethic of the Pure Will_ (1904).

85 W. Herrmann: _Ethics_ (1901).

In France Charles Renouvier (1838-1903) tries, in his _Science of the Moral_ (1869), to restore the Kantian system of ethics.

86 Jas. Martineau: _Types of Ethical Theory_ (2 vols., 1885).

87 F. H. Bradley: _Ethical Studies_ (1876).

88 T. H. Green: _Prolegomena to Ethics_ (posthumous, 1883).

89 Simon Laurie: _Ethica, or the Ethics of Reason_ (1885). (A French translation by Georges Remack, 1902.)

90 James Seth: _Study of Ethical Principles_ (3rd ed., 1894).

91 Josiah Royce: _The Spirit of Modern Philosophy_ (1892); _Religious Aspects of Philosophy_ (4th ed., 1892).

92 A. Fouillée: _Critique des systèmes de morale contemporaine_ (1883); _Evolutionisme des idées-forces_ (1890; German translation, 1908); _La morale des idées-forces_ (1907).

93 Jean Marie Guyau: _La morale anglaise contemporaine_ (1879); _Esquisse d’une morale sans obligation ni sanction_ (1885); _L’irreligion de l’avenir_ (1886). A German version of his works appeared in 6 vols. in 1912.

94 “Toute idée enveloppe un élément impulsif; nulle idée n’est un état simplement représentatif.” (Every idea contains an element of impulse; no idea is merely a condition of re-presenting something in thought.)

95 . . . “notre conscience de nous-même tendant à sa plénitude par son expansion en autrui.” ( . . . our consciousness of ourselves, which presses on to its full growth by expanding into others.)

96 “Agis envers les autres comme si tu avais conscience des autres en même temps que de soi.”

97 Fouillée reveals his attitude towards Nietzsche in a work entitled _Nietzsche and Immoralism_. Notes on the works of Fouillée and Guyau have been preserved by Nietzsche.

98 Eduard von Hartmann: _Philosophy of the Unconscious_ (1869); _Phenomenology of the Moral Consciousness_ (1879).

99 _Phenomenology_, p. 670.

100 _Phenomenology_, p. 700.

101 Henri Bergson: _Sur les données immédiates de la conscience_ (1888). (English translation by F. L. Pogson, 1910: _Time and Freewill; An Essay on the Immediate Data of Consciousness_.) _Matière et memoire. Essai sur la relation du corps et de l’esprit_ (1896). (English translation by N. M. Paul and W. S. Palmer: _Matter and Memory_, 1911.) _L’énvolution créatrice_ (1907). (English translation by A. Mitchell: _Creative Evolution_, 1911.)

102 H. S. Chamberlain: _The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century_ (1899). (14th impression, 1922.) _Immanuel Kant_ (1905); _Goethe_ (1912).

103 Count Hermann Keyserling: _The Structure of the World_ (1906); _A Philosopher’s Travel-Diary_ (2 vols., 1919); _Philosophy as Art_ (1920).

104 So Otto Braun in his essay “Monism and Ethics” in the volume entitled _Monism Expounded in Contributions from its Representatives_ (edited by Arthur Drews; vol. i., 1908). The poverty of this ethic is clearly revealed when the editor tries to indicate its content.