CHAPTER XXVIII

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NEW SYNAGOGUES AND TEMPLES. IMMIGRATION FROM RUSSIA PRIOR TO 1880.

Continued increase in the wealth and importance of the German-Jewish congregations――New and spacious synagogues and temples erected in various parts of the country in the “sixties” and the “seventies”――Problems of Russian-Jewish immigration prior to 1880――Economic condition of the Jewish masses in Russia worse in the “golden era” than under Nicholas I.―― Emigration from Russia after the famine of 1867–68 and after the pogrom of Odessa in 1871――Presumption of the existence of a Hebrew reading public in New York in 1868――The first Hebrew and Yiddish periodicals.

## PART VI.

=THE THIRD OR RUSSIAN PERIOD OF IMMIGRATION.=

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