Part 20
_Distances from Yosemite Post-Office to Principal Points in Yosemite Valley_ _Miles_ Basket Dome (top of) 9.0 Northeast Camp Ahwahnee 1.0 West Camp Curry 1.0 East Camp Lost Arrow .5 North Clouds' Rest 11.0 East El Capitan 3.5 West Glacier Point 4.5 South Glacier Point Hotel and Camp 4.5 South Half Dome (foot of) 3.0 East Happy Isles 2.5 East Liberty Cap 5.5 East Mirror Lake 3.0 East Mount Watkins (top of) 9.0 East Nevada Falls 6.0 East North Dome (top of) 11.0 Northeast Sentinel Rock 1.0 West Tenaya Cañon 4.0 East Union Point 3.0 South Vernal Falls 5.0 East Yosemite Falls .5 North
Mariposa Big Tree Grove
SIZES OF BIG TREES IN MARIPOSA GROVE
[_All dimensions are in feet_]
----------------------+------+------------+--------+------------+-------- |_Girth|_Approximate| _Girth |_Approximate| | at | diameter | about | diameter | _Trees_ | base_| at base_ | 10 feet| about |_Height_ | | | above | 10 feet | | | | ground_| above | | | | | ground_ | ----------------------+------+------------+--------+------------+-------- Grizzly Giant | 93 | 29.6 | 64.5 | 20.5 | 204 Faithful Couple | 94 | 29.9 | 63 | 20 | 244 Michigan | 55.5 | 17.7 | 40 | 12.7 | 257 Fresno | 63 | 20 | 38.5 | 12.2 | 273 Columbia | 80.5 | 25.6 | 52 | 16.5 | 294 Old Guard (South Tree)| 45 | 14.3 | 31 | 9.9 | 244 Lafayette | 92.5 | 29.4 | 53 | 16.9 | 273 Nevada | 48.5 | 15.4 | 35 | 11.1 | 278 General Sherman | 63 | 20 | 41.5 | 13.2 | 267 General Grant | 67 | 21.3 | 42 | 13.4 | 271 General Sheridan | 76 | 24.2 | 51 | 16.2 | 263 Philadelphia | 61.5 | 19.6 | 50.5 | 16.1 | 275 St. Louis | 73 | 23.2 | 51 | 16.2 | 269 Lincoln | 72 | 22.9 | 54.5 | 17.3 | 258 Washington | 92 | 29.3 | 65 | 20.7 | 235 William McKinley | 70 | 22.3 | 46.5 | 14.8 | 243 General Logan | 76 | 24.2 | 49.5 | 15.7 | 259 Galen Clark | 59.5 | 18.9 | 47 | 14.9 | 238 Pittsburgh | 53.5 | 17 | 41 | 13 | 242 Vermont | 47 | 14.9 | 38 | 12.1 | 257 Wawona (26 feet | | | | | through opening) | .. | .. | 60.5 | 19.2 | 227 New York | 52 | 16.5 | 45.5 | 14.5 | 237 Forest Queen | 53.5 | 17 | 38 | 12.1 | 219 Boston | 58 | 18.4 | 47 | 14.9 | 248 Chicago | 57 | 18.1 | 40.5 | 12.9 | 223 Whittier | 62 | 19.7 | 47 | 14.9 | 268 Longfellow | 51.5 | 16.4 | 43 | 13.7 | 273 Captain A. E. Wood | 52 | 16.5 | 40 | 12.7 | 310 Mark Twain | 53 | 16.9 | 41 | 13 | 331 Mississippi | 54.5 | 17.3 | 37.5 | 11.9 | 269 Stonewall Jackson | 53 | 16.9 | 38.5 | 12.2 | 265 Georgia | 48 | 15.3 | 35 | 11.1 | 270 South Carolina | 74 | 23.5 | 54.5 | 17.3 | 264 -----------------------------+------------+--------+------------+--------
Principal Points reached from the Camps
All the places listed below may be reached on horseback and return made to camp in one day:--
From Merced Lake Lodge:-- Merced Soda Springs. Washburn Lake.
From Tenaya Lake Lodge:-- White Cascades. Le Conte Falls. California Falls.
From Tuolumne Soda Spring Lodge:-- Donohue Pass. Mount Lyell. Tuolumne Meadows. Tuolumne Pass.
Height of Summits in Yosemite Valley
_Height above pier near _Name_ Sentinel Hotel_[1] (_feet_) Artist Point 739 Basket Dome 3,642 Cathedral Rocks 2,591 Cathedral Spires 2,154 Clouds' Rest 5,964 Columbia Rock 1,071 Eagle Peak 3,813 El Capitan 3,604 Glacier Point 3,254 Half Dome 4,892 Leaning Tower 1,903 Liberty Cap 3,112 North Dome 3,571 Old Inspiration Point 2,643 Panorama Point 2,264 Profile Cliff 3,543 Pulpit Rock 765 Sentinel Dome 4,157 Stanford Point 2,699 Washington Column 1,952 Yosemite Point 2,975
[1] This pier is 3962 feet above sea-level.
Height of Waterfalls in Yosemite Valley
_Feet_ Yosemite Falls 1,430 Lower Yosemite Falls 320 Nevada Falls 594 Vernal Falls 317 Illilouette Falls 370 Bridal Veil Falls 620 Ribbon Falls 1,612 Widow's Tears Falls 1,170
Clothing and Equipment
As the best trips are made afoot or on horseback the tourist should carry only such extra clothing as may be transported in a haversack or rucksack. If additional material is carried it is necessary to hire a pack-horse at additional expense. The best outfit for men consists of woolen riding-breeches, flannel shirt, stout shoes, sneakers, woolen army socks, light weight woolen underwear, a felt hat, a sweater, and a pair of smoked glasses. As it seldom rains in the summer it is not necessary to carry a poncho. If many trips are made in automobiles a linen duster is advisable. Women should wear riding-breeches, woolen middy blouse, and woolen stockings, with puttees or leggings, a man's felt hat, and other clothing as described for men.
Camping outfits may be obtained from the store of the Desmond Park Service Company at Yosemite Village, and provisions may be obtained at the Tenaya Lake, Tuolumne Soda Springs, and Merced Lake Lodges. Tourists desiring to rent camp equipment should make the necessary arrangements before their arrival in the Park. Prices for regular outfits are as follows:--
_Price List for Camping Outfits_
----------------+---------+----------+----------+------------- _Persons in | _One | _Two | _Three | _One month_ party_ | week_ | weeks_ | weeks_ | ----------------+---------+----------+----------+------------- One | $5.00 | $6.50 | $7.50 | $8.00 Two | 7.50 | 9.00 | 9.50 | 10.00 Three | 9.00 | 10.50 | 11.50 | 12.00 Four | 11.00 | 12.00 | 13.00 | 14.00 Five | 13.00 | 14.00 | 15.00 | 16.00 Six | 15.00 | 16.00 | 17.00 | 18.00 ----------------+---------+----------+----------+-------------
Fishing
There is good fishing in almost all the streams for Eastern brook, rainbow, cutthroat, and Loch Leven trout. The flies most commonly used are the black gnat, royal coachman, alder, king of the waters, and gray hackle; but other standard flies are used. Flies and tackle may be obtained at the general store at Yosemite Village. All fishing must be done in conformity to the laws of California, both as regards open season and limit of catch, and size of fish. Every man fisherman over 18 years of age must have a fishing license, which may be obtained from any County Clerk or from the offices of the State Board of Fish and Game Commissioners at San Francisco, Sacramento, Los Angeles, and Fresno. The license fee is $1 for citizens of the United States who are _bona-fide_ residents of California, and $3.00 for citizens of the United States who are not _bona-fide_ residents of California and for persons not citizens of the United States.
Sequoia National Park
Location: Eastern California. Area: 252 square miles. Season: June 15 to September 15. Address of Supervisor: Three Rivers, California.
Railroad Connections
SEQUOIA PARK is best reached from Visalia on the Southern Pacific and Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railroads; thence by Visalia Electric Railway to Lemon Cove, and thence by automobile stage of the Sequoia National Park Transportation Company to Camp Sierra in the Giant Forest. The distance from Lemon Cove to the Giant Forest is 40 miles. Heretofore the stages have left Lemon Cove on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays; and have made the return trip from the Giant Forest on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays. It is probable that daily service will soon be established. The round trip fare from Visalia to Camp Sierra is $13.30; from San Francisco to Camp Sierra, $24.00.
Automobile Routes
Sequoia Park may be reached from San Francisco by way of San José, Gilroy, Los Baños, Fresno, Goshen Junction and Visalia; distance 291 miles. From Los Angeles the route is by way of Bakersfield, Tulare, and Visalia; distance 307 miles. From Yosemite Park the shortest route is by way of Wawona, Fresno, and Visalia; distance 191 miles.
Motorists are required to pay $2.00 for a single round trip through the Park, or $3.00 for each machine for a season permit. Eastbound automobiles may use the road to Giant Forest between 7 A.M. and 5.30 P.M.; no automobile will be allowed to leave the Giant Forest for the western boundary later than 6 P.M. The speed limit is from 8 to 15 miles per hour.
Camp
A camp is operated at Giant Forest Post-Office by Walter E. Kenney, at the following rates:--
Board and lodging:-- 1 person, per day $3.25 1 person, per week 18.00 1 person, 4 weeks 68.00 2 persons, per day, each 3.00 2 persons, per week, each 16.50 2 persons, 4 weeks, each 60.00
Meals without lodging:-- Breakfast and lunch, each .75 Dinner 1.00
One night's lodging 1.00
Baths .35
Trips
No regular tours are scheduled for this Park, but the following rates are in effect for short trips:--
Carriage trips only from Giant Forest:-- Parker Group, Moro Rock, and return:-- 1 person $1.00 4 or more, each .75 Admiration Point and return:-- 1 person 3.00 4 or more, each 1.50 General Sherman Tree, and return:-- 1 person 1.00 4 or more, each .50 General Sherman Tree and Wolverton Creek:-- 1 person 2.00 4 or more, each .75 Five-seated carriage, with 2 horses, 1 full day 5.00
All carriage trips include services of driver.
Rates for short horseback trips are as follows:--
To Sherman Tree and return $2.00 To Sherman Tree, Wolverton, and return by Circle Meadow 3.00 To Moro Rock and return 2.00 To Moro Rock and return by Crescent Log and Huckleberry Meadows 2.50 To Alta and return 3.00 To Twin Lakes and return 3.50 To Admiration Point and return 3.00 To Moro Rock, Crescent Log, Huckleberry Meadows, Wolverton, and Sherman Tree 3.50
Chester Wright, Giant Forest, California, will furnish pack- and saddle-animals at $1.50 per day each, but in all cases guide must accompany animal, at $3.00 per day, the guide taking charge of packing and relieving tourists of responsibility for animals. All animals will be equipped with riding- or pack-saddles.
## Parties wishing to make long trips will be furnished with special
rates.
The dimensions of some of the principal trees are as follows:--
GIANT FOREST GROVE
General Sherman, height 279.9 feet; diameter, 36.5 feet. Abraham Lincoln, height 270 feet; diameter, 31 feet. William McKinley, height 291 feet; diameter, 28 feet.
MUIR GROVE
Dalton, height, 292 feet; diameter, 27 feet.
GARFIELD GROVE
California, height, 260 feet; diameter, 30 feet.
Clothing and Equipment
If the tourist makes only a short trip to the Giant Forest, no extra clothing will be necessary except a light overcoat and a sweater. If an extended stay is made and excursions are made to the other groves or the High Sierra, the following equipment is recommended: For men, woolen riding-breeches, woolen underwear, woolen army socks, flannel shirt, stout shoes, a felt hat, leggings or puttees, sweater, and coat. As there is little rain in the summer it is not necessary to take a poncho. Women should wear riding-breeches, flannel middy blouse, woolen stockings, a small felt hat, and other clothing as recommended for men.
Fishing
There is good fishing in Sequoia Park for rainbow, golden, cutthroat, Eastern brook, and Loch Leven trout. The royal coachman is the fly generally used, but often the brown and gray hackle with peacock body meets with success. Flies and other tackle may be purchased at the Giant Forest.
In this Park all fishing must be in conformity with the laws of California as regards season, size of fish, and limit of catch. Every fisherman must have a sporting fishing license, which may be obtained from any County Clerk or from the offices of the State Board of Fish and Game Commissioners at San Francisco, Sacramento, Los Angeles, and Fresno. The license fee is $1.00 for citizens of the United States who are _bona-fide_ residents of California, and $3.00 for citizens of the United States who are not _bona-fide_ residents of California and for persons not citizens of the United States. Persons under 18 years of age do not require a license.
General Grant National Park
Location: Eastern California. Area: 4 square miles. Season: June 15 to September 15. Address of Supervisor: Three Rivers, California.
GENERAL GRANT PARK is best reached from Sanger on the Southern Pacific Railway; thence by stage 46 miles to the Park. There is daily stage service to the park; round-trip fare, $8.00.
Tourists traveling in their own automobiles will follow the routes to Sequoia Park given on page 455 as far as Visalia. The Park is 45 miles from Visalia. Permit to take an automobile into the Park costs 50 cents for a round trip or $2.50 for the season. Speed limits range from 8 to 15 miles per hour.
Rates for saddle- and pack-horses are $1.50 per day; for guides, $3.50 per day.
There is a camp in the Park operated by Mrs. Mattie Decker (address, General Grant National Park, California), with rates as follows:--
Board and lodging: Per day $2.50 Per week 16.00 Per month 60.00 Lodging, 1 night 1.00 Single meal .75
At this camp there are also telephone station, general store, feed-yard, photograph gallery, and post-office.
The principal attraction of this Park is the grove of big trees.
Fishing is not very attractive.
Clothing and equipment should be similar to that used in Sequoia National Park.
Mount Rainier National Park
Location: West-Central Washington. Area: 324 square miles. Season: June 15 to September 15. Address of Supervisor: Ashford, Washington.
MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK includes a single great mountain and its approaches, but the Reservation offers unlimited variety and enjoyment for every class of tourist. An automobile road extends to the very edge of the glaciers; trails lead through the fragrant woods and wild-flower meadows; rocky outliers of the great mountain afford endless opportunities for climbing; and the great snow-covered peak flings his defiance to those that are strong of wind and limb. As the glaciers are only four hours' ride by automobile from Tacoma a glimpse of these rivers of ice may be obtained in a two-day trip, but many days might well be spent in seeing the beauties of nature that are grouped in an area that is relatively small.
Railroad Connections
The southern portion of the Park--the only part developed at present--is reached from Ashford, 6-1/2 miles from the Park, on the Tacoma Eastern Railroad, a branch line of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul. The round-trip fare from Tacoma to Ashford is $4.00. From Ashford automobile stages of the Rainier National Park Company run to the principal points on the south side--Longmire Springs, 6-1/2 miles from the Park entrance; the camp at Nisqually Glacier; and the new hotel and camp at Paradise Valley, in the very shadow of the mountain. This company also operates public automobiles from Seattle and Tacoma.
_Automobile transportation rates_
Seattle to Longmire Springs and return $9.50 Seattle to Paradise Valley and return 12.50 Tacoma to Longmire Springs and return 7.00 Tacoma to Paradise Valley and return 10.00 Ashford to Longmire Springs and return 2.00 Ashford to Paradise Valley and return 5.00
The northern portion of the Park is reached from Fairfax and Enumclaw, on the Northern Pacific Railway. The round-trip fare from Tacoma is $2.50 to Fairfax, and $2.00 to Enumclaw. There are no transportation lines that operate on this side of the Park and arrangements must be made for pack-horses and camp outfits.
Automobile Routes
There is a good automobile road from Tacoma and Seattle to Ashford, and thence through the National Forest to Longmire Springs, Nisqually Glacier, and Paradise Valley. For 28 miles from Tacoma the road runs at the base of huge timbered bluffs, traverses the Ohop Valley, and reaches the Park by way of the Nisqually Cañon. The distance from Tacoma to Longmire Springs is 57 miles; from Seattle, 96 miles.
Automobilists are required to obtain a permit from the Park Supervisor at Ashford. The fee for an automobile is $4.00 for a single round trip through the Park or $6.00 for a season permit. The fee for a motor-cycle is $1.00 for the season. The regulations provide that automobiles and motor-cycles may use the road from the boundary of the Park to Longmire Springs only between 6 A.M. and 9 p.m.; but no car or motor-cycle is allowed to enter the Park or leave Longmire Springs in the direction of the western boundary later than 8.30 P.M. Automobiles and motor-cycles may use the road from Longmire Springs to Paradise Valley only between 6 A.M. and 9.30 P.M.; but no machine is allowed to leave Longmire Springs in the direction of Paradise Valley later than 7.30 P.M. or depart from Paradise Valley in the direction of Longmire Springs before 6 A.M. or later than 7.30 P.M. The speed limit ranges from 8 to 15 miles per hour.
Regular automobile service between the Park and Seattle and Tacoma is rendered at the rates given on page 461.
Hotels and Camps
At Longmire Springs, 6-1/2 miles from the entrance to the Park, are the National Park Inn and Camp and the Longmire Springs Hotel. The rates at the National Park Inn are $4.00 and $4.50 per day in the hotel, and $3.75 and $4.00 in the camp. The rates at Longmire Springs Hotel are $2.50 per day.
The Rainier National Park Company has a new modern hotel (Paradise Inn) in Paradise Park, within easy access of the glaciers. The same company also operates a lunch pavilion at Paradise Park and camps at Paradise Park, Indian Henry's Hunting Ground, and Nisqually Glacier.
Paradise Inn is operated on both the American and European plan at the following rates:--
American plan:-- Meals at Inn and bed in tents $3.50 Meals and room at Inn $3.75 to 6.25 European plan:-- Tents $.75 to $1.00 Rooms 1.00 to 3.50 Meals _à la carte_.
A discount of 20 per cent is allowed persons remaining one week or more.
There is also a camp at Paradise Park at which tents may be obtained for 50 cents per day. These tents are all floored and contain a double bed, spring, mattress, washstand, bowl, pitcher, and chair. Blankets and sheets, pillows, pillow-cases, and towels may be rented, or the tourist may bring his own equipment. Meals may be obtained at an _à la carte_ lunch pavilion or they may be prepared at outdoor cook furnace at the camp. Staple supplies may be purchased.
Rates at camp at Indian Henry's Hunting Ground are: bed, $.75; meals, $.75; board per week, $15.
Rates at camp at Nisqually Glacier are $.75 and $1.00 per day; meals _à la carte_.
Free public camping grounds are provided at Hausen's Camp, Kautz Creek, Longmire Springs, Van Trump Park, and Paradise Valley. Firewood and running water are available at all these places, but the camper must bring his own equipment.
Trips
The only road in this Park is the one extending from the entrance past Longmire Springs and Nisqually Glacier to Paradise Park. All other trips are made on horseback or on foot over the network of excellent trails that have been cut through the forest. There are no regular tours scheduled as in some of the other Parks, but special arrangements have to be made for guides and horses at the established rates.
Transportation service within the Park is rendered by the Rainier National Park Company, which operates automobiles on the road along the south side of the mountain and has horses for hire at the hotels at Longmire Springs and Paradise Valley and the camp at Indian Henry's Hunting Ground.
_Transportation rates_
Automobile, Longmire Springs to Nisqually Glacier and return $1.00 Automobile, Longmire Springs to Paradise Valley and return 3.00 Horses, per day 3.50
The same company also furnishes guides free of charge for parties of five or more; if there are less than five persons in the party the charge for guide is $3.50 per day.
The places listed below by no means exhaust the attractive spots of this reservation, but are given for the benefit of the person whose time is limited. There is a good trail encircling the mountain and the circuit may be made in about a week. Pack-animals and guides may be obtained from the Rainier National Park Company. Camping outfits should be secured in Seattle or Tacoma.
On the southern side of the Park Paradise Park, Indian Henry's Hunting Ground, and Van Trump Park are the most easily reached and consequently the most frequented places. As the trails to these places are well defined, guides will not be needed.
Indian Henry's Hunting Ground, 6-1/2 miles from Longmire Springs, is reached by trail only. This trip may be made afoot, or ponies may be secured at Longmire Springs where the most frequently used of the three trails leading to this resort begins. A tent camp is located in Indian Henry's Hunting Ground.
To reach Van Trump Park the same Indian Henry's Hunting Ground trail is taken, branching off to the right after about 1 mile of travel. This Park is also reached by a trail starting from the Government road at Christine Falls, about 4 miles above Longmire Springs, and following up Van Trump Creek. This is one of the most picturesque trails in the Park. From it can be seen beautiful glimpses of a deep cañon and a succession of cascades or falls.
Ramparts Ridge, 1-1/4 miles north of Longmire Springs, from which a fine view is obtained, is a very popular trip. The climb of about 1000 feet can be made in about one hour.
Eagle Peak (elevation 5955 feet), 3-1/4 miles east from Longmire Springs, is also a popular trip. A good foot trail leads directly to the summit, which commands a magnificent view of the south side of Mount Rainier and the surrounding country. Parties making this trip usually take lunch along, and spend several hours at the summit.
The Ohanapecosh Valley, with its beautiful Silver Spring Falls, is reached by trail only from Longmire Springs. This is a trip filled with interest, but should be taken only by good riders or pedestrians who are accustomed to long, hard walks.
The glaciers may be reached from the hotel in Paradise Park and the camp at Nisqually Glacier. The glaciers should not be crossed without a guide or unless shoes are properly calked. The charge for guide to snow-fields and glaciers is $1.50 per person. This charge includes clothing and equipment. The minimum charge for guide service is $8.00.
There are no hotels or camps in the northern portion of the Park, and persons visiting this region must have complete camping outfits and a supply of provisions. Pack-horses may be secured by engaging them in advance from H. A. Loss, Carbonado, Washington, or from Curtis White, Enumclaw, Washington. The entire northern side is a wonderful region of mountains and valleys that has been visited by only a few tourists.
A trip to Pinnacle Peak and return may be made from Paradise Park in from 6 to 8 hours. The charge for a guide is $4.00 per person with a minimum charge of $12.00. Clothing and equipment are furnished without extra cost.
Climbing the Mountain[1]
[1] The paragraphs quoted are from an article by Mr. François E. Matthes, of the United States Geological Survey.