Part 23

To Hopi Point on Hermit Rim Road, 2 miles to the west and return: 10 A.M. and 2 P.M., $1.00; sunset trip, $1.50.

To Mohave Point on Hermit Rim Road, 3 miles to the west and return: 9 A.M. and 2 P.M., $2.00. Hopi Point is passed on this drive.

To head of Hermit Trail on Hermit Rim Road, 7-1/2 miles to the west and return: 9 A.M. and 2 P.M., $3.00. Stops are made _en route_ at Hopi, Mohave, and Pima Points. From October 1 to May 1, the afternoon trip starts at 2.30, and the rate is $4.00 on account of the additional time spent at Hopi Point to view the sunset.

To Yavapai and Grandeur Points, 2 miles to the east: 10.15 A.M., $1.00

Bright Angel Trail starts near El Tovar Hotel and extends to the river, 7 miles distant. There is also a branch leading to the plateau at the top of the granite wall, 1272 feet above the river. There are three distinct trips made on the Bright Angel Trail: To the river, 8.30 A.M., round trip, $5.00; to the Plateau, 10.30 A.M., round trip, $4.00; to the river and Plateau, 8 A.M., round trip, $6.00. If less than three persons make the trip, there is an additional charge of $5.00 for a guide for the party. All three trips are made on muleback, accompanied by a guide, and each trip requires an entire day.

Hermit Trail is a new path that extends from Hermit Rim Road to the Colorado River. At present horses can be used only as far as Hermit Camp on the plateau at the head of the granite wall, but there is a footpath from the camp to the river. The following trips may be made to points on the Hermit Trail:--

One-day trip:-- El Tovar to Santa Maria Spring on Hermit Trail, round trip $7.00; guide extra.

Two-day trip:-- El Tovar to Hermit Camp, round trip $15.00, which includes guide, horse, accommodations, and supper, breakfast and lunch at camp. The return trip may be made by way of Bright Angel Trail for $7.00 additional for each person.

Boucher Trail is west of and opposite Hermit Trail. This trip is on horseback or by wagon on the Hermit Rim Road as far as the head of Hermit Trail, then on horseback to Boucher Trail and down that trail to Boucher's Camp at Dripping Springs, 900 feet below the rim. The Boucher Trail continues to the river, but it is not possible to make the round trip to a point farther than Dripping Springs, when lunch is eaten: El Tovar to Dripping Springs and return, $4.00 each for three or more persons; if there are less than 3 persons, an extra charge of $5.00 is made for a guide.

The following regular trips may be made by automobile:--

Grand View, 13 miles, 9.30 A.M. and 2 P.M., round trip $4.00.

Desert View, 32 miles, 8 A.M., $30.00 for one to three persons; each person over three, $10.00 additional.

Many camping trips into the Cañon and along the rim may be taken if time is available. From October to April, camping should be confined to the Cañon itself, but from April to October camping trips may be planned to include both the rim region and the Cañon. The rates for camping trips range from $10.00 to $15.00 a day for one person with $6.00 to $8.00 a day extra for each additional person. The rates quoted are for guides, animals, and camp equipment: Three-day trip down Hermit Trail and up Bright Angel Trail, distance 34 miles, rate $14.00 a day for one person, $8.00 a day extra for each additional person. Provisions are extra.

Another three-day trip is to the Havasupai Indian Village in Cataract Cañon. The distance is about 50 miles in each direction, 35 miles by wagon and 15 miles on horseback. The round trip from El Tovar costs $15.00 a day for one person and $5.00 a day extra for each additional member of the party. These rates include all services as well as horse feed, but do not include provisions or lodging at the village for members of party and guide, for which an additional charge of $2.00 a day is made. For parties of 3 to 6 persons an extra guide is needed at an additional cost of $5.00 a day, besides his board and lodging at the Indian Village.

A three-day trip may be made by way of Bright Angel and Boucher Trails, a total distance of 52 miles. The route follows Bright Angel Trail to the Plateau, which is followed westward for 30 miles along the Tonto Trail. Camp is made on Monument Creek the first night and on Hermit Creek the second night. The return is made by Boucher Trail to the rim of the Cañon. The rate for this trip is $12.00 a day for one person and $6.00 extra for each additional person; guide and camp equipment are included, but provisions are extra.

A trip by way of Bright Angel and Grand View Trails, a distance of 55 miles, may be made in three days. This route follows Bright Angel Trail to the Plateau, which is followed eastward for 30 miles along the Tonto Trail. The return is made by way of Grand View Trail to the rim and then to El Tovar. The rates for this trip are $12.00 a day for one person and $6.00 a day extra for each additional person; guide and camp equipment are furnished, but provisions are extra.

An easy two-day trip is the one to Desert View, 32 miles east of El Tovar, by wagon. On this trip Grand View Point is passed and camp is made on the rim at Desert View 16 miles beyond Grand View Point. The rate is $10.00 a day for one person, and $5.00 a day extra for each additional person; guide and camp equipment are furnished, but provisions are extra.

Clothing

No special equipment is required unless the tourist expects to indulge in tramping or camping. For the one-day trips ordinary clothing will suffice, as women's divided skirts, men's overalls, linen duster, and straw hats may be rented at El Tovar Hotel. If much tramping is to be done appropriate shoes should be worn.

Lassen Volcanic National Park

Location: Northern California. Area: 124 square miles. Season: June 1 to September 30. Address of Forest Supervisor temporarily in charge of Park: Red Bluff, California, October 16 to May 14; Mineral, California, May 15 to October 15.

Railroad Connections

The best routes to Lassen Park region are from Red Bluff on the San Francisco-Portland line of the Southern Pacific, from Fernley, Nevada, on the San Francisco-Ogden line of the Southern, and from Keddie, on the main line of the Western Pacific. Stopovers may be obtained on through tickets reading through these places. The best stopping-place is Drakesbad, which is near the base of Lassen Peak. The round-trip fare from San Francisco to Red Bluff is $6.00; from that point the route is by automobile stage, 72 miles, to Drakesbad; stage fare, $15.00 for round trip. From Fernley, Nevada, a side trip to Westwood via Susanville may be obtained for $6.85 for the round trip. From Westwood the route is by automobile stage 35 miles to Drakesbad; stage fare, $6.00 for round trip. Westwood may also be reached from San Francisco; round trip, $20.00. There is a through sleeper from San Francisco to Susanville, where direct connection is made with train to Westwood. Keddie, on the Western Pacific, is 71 miles from Drakesbad; there is no regular stage line. Round-trip fare from San Francisco to Keddie is $12.25. The Park may be reached also from Redding, on the San Francisco-Portland line of the Southern Pacific, but there are no hotels or camps on this route within less than 15 miles of the Park; this route is feasible only for campers.

Automobile Routes

The Park is reached from Red Bluff on the main highway between San Francisco and Portland. Red Bluff is 260 miles from San Francisco and 72 miles from the Park.

Hotels and Camps

The only stopping-place within the Park is at Drakesbad, where there is a camp. Rates are $3.00 to $3.50 a day. South of the Park accommodations may be secured at Lee's Camp at Chester, 12 miles from Lassen Peak, 70 miles from Red Bluff, 27 miles from Westwood; rates $2.00 a day.

Trips

There are no scheduled trips in this Park; there has not been time to develop this class of service. Guides and horses may be obtained at Drakesbad for $2.50 a day. The most important trip is to the volcano of Lassen Peak, 7 miles from Drakesbad. Another interesting trip is to Cinder Cone, Snag Lake, and Twin Lake; distance, 22 miles for the round trip.

Other trips are as follows: Boiling Lake, 1 mile; Devil's Kitchen, 1-1/2 miles; Bumpas Hell, 6 miles.

Fishing

There is good trout-fishing in Grassy and Snag Lakes. The fishing is much better in the region south of the Park, especially in Feather River, near Chester; Warner Creek; Mill Creek, near Morgan Springs; Battle Creek, near Mineral; and in Lake Alamanor. The flies generally used are royal coachman, brown and gray hackle, dusty miller, salmon fly, queen of the waters, black gnat, and professor.

A fishing license is required for all persons over 18 years of age. The fee for resident of California is $1.00; for non-residents, $3.00. Licenses may be obtained from the Supervisor at Red Bluff.

Hawaii National Park

Location: On Hawaii and Maui islands, Territory of Hawaii. Area: 118 square miles. Season: Throughout the year.

THE HAWAII NATIONAL PARK consists of two tracts on the island of Hawaii and one tract on the island of Maui. The tracts on the island of Hawaii include the volcano of Mauna Loa and the active crater of Kilauea on the slope of Mauna Loa. The tract on the island of Maui includes the extinct volcanic crater of Haleakala.

Mauna Loa and the crater of Kilauea are reached from Hilo, a town of 10,000 inhabitants, which is 192 miles by sea from Honolulu.

The crater of Kilauea is at an altitude of 4000 feet and is easily reached by automobile. As Kilauea is more active and more accessible than Mauna Loa, it is visited more frequently than the peak, which has an altitude of 13,675 feet. The distance from Hilo to Kilauea is 31 miles.

There is steamship service twice a week between Hilo and Honolulu. Tourists may leave Honolulu Wednesday morning, arrive at Hilo Thursday morning, and reach Kilauea by noon. The return may be made to Hilo early Friday morning in time to catch the steamer, which leaves at 10 o'clock, and which arrives in Honolulu early Saturday morning. The steamer also leaves Honolulu Saturday afternoon and reaches Hilo Sunday morning. It leaves Hilo on the return trip Monday afternoon and reaches Honolulu Tuesday morning.

The Interisland Steamship Company sells coupon tickets from Honolulu to Kilauea and return, including automobile trip and hotel accommodations at the following rates:--

3 days $28.50 and $30.00 6 days $37.80 and $45.00 9 days $49.00 and $58.00

There are 2 hotels at the crater: Volcano House, $6.00 a day; and Crater Hotel, $3.50 a day.

Another route is by steamer from Honolulu to Kailua or Honuapo, thence by automobile to the crater, 101 miles from Kailua; 36 miles from Honuapo. The return to Honolulu may be made by the same route or by way of Hilo. Three-day trips cost from $34.50 to $36.00.

The trip to the summit of Mauna Loa is made from the crater of Kilauea and requires 4 days. It is necessary to make special arrangements for this trip. Full information may be obtained at the office of the Hawaii Promotion Committee in Honolulu. As the summit is nearly 14,000 feet above the sea and the trip is made on horseback and on foot, it should be undertaken only by those physically qualified.

The extinct volcano of Haleakala (elevation 10,032 feet) is best reached from Lahaina, on the island of Maui; time from Honolulu to Lahaina, 6 hours; distance 75 miles; fare $5.00 in each direction. From Lahaina the route is by automobile to Wailuku and Olinda, thence on horseback to the summit. The cost of the trip is as follows:--

Automobile, Lahaina to Wailuku in each direction:-- 1 passenger $4.00 2 or 3 passengers, for party 5.00 4 to 6 passengers, each person 1.50

Automobile, Wailuku to Olinda, round trip:-- 1 to 3 passengers, for party 20.00 4 to 6 passengers, for party 25.00

Horses, guide and blankets:-- Each horse 7.50 Guide 5.00 Blankets at Rest House 1.00

Time required to make the ascent and descent is as follows:--

_Hours_ Auto from Lahaina to Wailuku 1-1/4 Ascent by automobile from Wailuku to Olinda 3-1/2 Ascent on horseback from Olinda to Rest House at Summit 3-1/2 Descent on horseback from Rest House to Olinda 3 Descent by automobile from Olinda to Wailuku 2 Auto from Wailuku to Lahaina 1-1/4

As the crater of Haleakala is seen at its finest at sunrise and sunset, the best way to view it is to leave Wailuku in the afternoon, spend the night at the summit, and return the next morning. The automobile waits over night at Olinda for persons wishing to spend the night on the summit.

The hotels at Wailuku are the Maui, $3.00 to $4.00; the Wailuku, $2.50; and the Grand, $3.50 and $4.00. At Lahaina the only hotel is the Pioneer, $2.75.

The visitor to the crater of Kilauea will need only an overcoat in addition to the light summer clothing worn at sea-level throughout the year. For trips to the summits of Mauna Loa and Haleakala, the visitor should wear woolen underwear and other warm clothing.

There is no fishing in the Hawaii National Park, but there is excellent surf and deep-sea fishing along the coast of the islands.

Honolulu is reached in 6 days from San Francisco; fare, $65.00 and upward in each direction.

Mount McKinley National Park

This Park is in south-central Alaska and includes Mount McKinley, the highest mountain in North America, and the surrounding country. The Park was created by the act of February 26, 1917, and as the region is unsettled and undeveloped, there are no roads or accommodations for tourists. The Park may be reached by a 150-mile trip by means of a pack-train from Nenana or Fairbanks in the interior of Alaska. Guides and outfits can probably be secured from the Northern Commercial Company, Fairbanks, Alaska. The government railroad will pass near the eastern border of the Park, but the road will probably not be operated to a point near the Park until the summer of 1919.

Hot Springs of Arkansas

Location: Central Arkansas. Area: 911 acres. Season: Throughout the year. Address of Supervisor: Hot Springs, Arkansas.

HOT SPRINGS is reached by the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific, the St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern, and the Memphis, Dallas & Gulf Railroads. There is through sleeping-car service from St. Louis and Memphis.

The Reservation is immediately adjacent to the city of Hot Springs, which has a population of about 14,000 and which is a municipality and is not under government control.

The only hotel on the Reservation is the Arlington, where the rates are $5.00 a day and upward. There are hotels of every class in the city, the principal ones being the Eastman, Majestic, Moody, and Como.

Some of the bathhouses are on the Reservation and some are in the city, but the water is the same in all, the range in prices being due to the equipments and accommodations provided. The rates are as follows:--

_Scale of Rates for Baths at Different Bathhouses receiving Water from the Hot Springs Reservation_

_Bathhouse_ _Single baths_ _Course of 21 baths_ Arlington $0.65 $12.00 Fordyce 0.65 12.00 Buckstaff 0.60 11.00 Maurice 0.60 11.00 Imperial 0.55 10.00 Eastman 0.55 10.00 Majestic 0.55 10.00 Hale 0.50 9.00 Moody 0.50 9.00 St. Joseph's Infirmary 0.50 9.00 Superior 0.50 9.00 Lamar 0.45 8.00 Rector 0.45 8.00 Rockafellow 0.45 8.00 Ozark Sanatorium 0.45 8.00 Magnesia 0.40 7.00 Ozark 0.40 7.00 Alhambra 0.40 7.00 Pythian Sanatorium (colored) 0.25 4.00

Visitors are advised not to take the baths without the advice of a physician, as the waters are not beneficial in all diseases and in some are harmful. Visitors should not patronize doctors who are recommended by unknown or irresponsible persons, as in the past there has been considerable soliciting on behalf of certain physicians. A list of registered doctors may be consulted at the office of the Supervisor of the Reservation.

Golf and horseback riding are the favorite forms of exercise. Visitors from the North should bear in mind that spring is a little earlier in this region and that fall is a little later.

Minor National Parks

CASA GRANDE RUIN

Location: Southern Arizona. Area: 480 acres. Season: Throughout the year. Address of Custodian: Florence, Arizona.

This Reservation is situated near the left bank of the Gila River about 12 miles from Florence, Arizona. It can be conveniently reached by carriage either from the town of Florence or from Casa Grande Station on the Southern Pacific Railroad. The route to the ruin via Florence is slightly shorter than that from Casa Grande Station, enabling one to make the visit and return in a single day. There is a hotel and a livery stable in each town, but the visitor should provide for his own refreshment at the ruin.

WIND CAVE NATIONAL PARK

Location: Southwestern South Dakota. Area: 16 square miles. Season: Throughout the year. Address of supervisor: Wind Cave, via Hot Springs, South Dakota.

This Park is about 12 miles from Hot Springs, South Dakota, on a branch line of the Chicago & Northwestern and the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroads. The fare from Hot Springs to the Cave and return is $2.50.

There are no hotels or camps in the Park, but ample accommodations may be obtained at the town of Hot Springs. The only attractions of the Reservation are the Cave and the buffalo in the game preserve. Visitors are permitted to enter the Cave at 9 A.M. and 2 P.M. A charge of 50 cents is made for entrance to the Cave, the trip being made under the supervision of guides provided by the Government.

PLATT NATIONAL PARK

Location: Southern Oklahoma. Area: 848 acres. Season: Throughout the year. Address of Supervisor: Sulphur, Oklahoma.

This Park is immediately adjacent to Sulphur, a city of 3600 inhabitants, on branch lines of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé and the St. Louis & San Francisco Railroads. There are no hotels in the Park, but accommodations may be obtained in Sulphur. There are no scenic features to attract the visitors from a distance.

SULLY'S HILL PARK

Location: Northeastern North Dakota. Area: 780 acres. Address of Supervisor: Fort Totten Indian School, Devil's Lake, North Dakota.

This Park may be reached from Devil's Lake, about 10 miles distant, on the Great Northern Railway. There are no hotels or camps within the Reservation and the tract is entirely undeveloped. There are no scenic attractions.

National Monuments

The National Monuments are generally not developed and there are no regular camps or established transportation rates. The name of the custodian is given if one has been appointed. If there is no custodian the railroad agents can generally give information regarding persons who will furnish transportation.

BANDELIER, NEW MEXICO. Area: 22,075 acres. The Reservation is 18 miles northwest of Santa Fé and is near Buckman Station on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railroad. The Custodian is the Supervisor of the Santa Fé National Forest, Santa Fé, New Mexico.

BIG HOLE, MONTANA. Area: 5 acres. Nearest railroad station is Divide, Montana, thence by stage 45 miles to Gibbon, Montana, which is near the Reservation.

CABRILLO, CALIFORNIA. Area: 21,910 square feet. On Point Loma, within the military reservation at Fort Rosecrans, which is 6 miles from San Diego and which may be reached by electric railway.

CAPULIN MOUNTAIN, NEW MEXICO. Area: 680 acres. Six miles southwest of Folsom on the Colorado & Southern Railway and 3 miles north of Dedham on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railway. The Custodian is Mrs. H. W. Jack, Folsom, New Mexico.

CHACO CAÑON, NEW MEXICO. Area: 20,629 acres. Sixty-five miles south of Farmington on the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad, 75 miles north of Gallup, and 65 miles north of Thoreau, on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railway.

COLORADO, COLORADO. Area: 13,883 acres. Near Grand Junction, Colorado, on the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad. The Custodian is John Otto, Fruita, Colorado.

DEVIL POSTPILE, CALIFORNIA. Area: 800 acres. May be reached from Laws on the Southern Pacific Railroad, then by stage to Mammoth, and by saddle-horse to the Monument. The Custodian is the Supervisor of Sierra National Forest, Northfork, California.

DEVIL'S TOWER, WYOMING. Area: 1152 acres. Near Tower, Wyoming, which is 32 miles from Moorcroft on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad.

DINOSAUR, UTAH. Area: 80 acres. May be reached from Mack, Colorado, on the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad, then 65 miles by railroad to Watson, then 72 miles via Vernal by automobile.

EL MORRO, NEW MEXICO. Area: 160 acres. Forty miles from Thoreau and 55 miles from Gallup on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railway.

GILA, NEW MEXICO. Area: 160 acres. Fifty miles northwest of Silver City, New Mexico, on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railway. The Custodian is the Forest Supervisor, Gila National Forest, Silver City, New Mexico.

GRAN QUIVIRA, NEW MEXICO. Area: 160 acres. Twenty-four miles from Mountain Air, New Mexico, on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railway. The Custodian is the Supervisor of the Manzano National Forest, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

GRAND CAÑON. See pages 495-499.

JEWEL CAVE, SOUTH DAKOTA. Area: 1280 acres. Twelve miles from Custer, South Dakota, on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railway. The Custodian is the Forest Supervisor, Harney National Forest, Custer, South Dakota.

LEWIS AND CLARK CAVERN, MONTANA. Area: 160 acres. Near Cavern, Montana, on the Northern Pacific Railway. The Cavern is closed, as there is no resident custodian. It is under the supervision of the Chief of Field Division, U.S. Land Office, Helena, Montana.

MONTEZUMA CASTLE, ARIZONA. Area: 160 acres. Fifty-four miles from Prescott, on the Santa Fé, Prescott & Phoenix Railroad.

MOUNT OLYMPUS, WASHINGTON. Area: 299,370 acres. The southern boundary of the Monument is about 60 miles from Olympia, Washington, which may be reached by railroad, steamer, or automobile from Seattle or Tacoma. The Supervisor of the Olympic National Forest, Olympia, Washington, will furnish information regarding best methods of reaching the many points of interest.

MUIR WOODS, CALIFORNIA. Area: 295 acres. Eighteen miles from San Francisco. It is reached by way of the Northwestern Pacific Railroad to Mill Valley, thence by the Mill Valley & Muir Woods Railway. The Custodian is Andrew Lind; address care of Chief of Field Division, U.S. Land Office, San Francisco, California.

MUKUNTUWEAP, UTAH. Area: 15,840 acres. Nearest railroad station is Lund on San Pedro, Los Angeles & Salt Lake Railroad. From Lund an auto stage runs to Hurricane, 85 miles. At that place horses may be obtained for the trip to the Reservation, which is 26 miles distant.

NATURAL BRIDGES, UTAH. Area: 2740 acres. The best route is from Thompson's Station, Utah, on the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad, then 95 miles by stage to Monticello. At this point guides and equipment may be hired for the trip (60 miles) to the bridges. Another route is from Dolores, Colorado, on the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad, then 125 miles via McElmo, Colorado, and Aneth and Bluff, Utah.