Part 7

He gret_en_ and gouled_en_ and gou_en_ hem ille, 164.

A still more striking peculiarity is that _the same rule often holds_ for the ending _-es_. We find it, of course, forming a distinct syllable in plurals; as, limes, 86; and in adverbs, as, liues, 509. But observe such instances as maydn_es_, 2, prest_es_, 33, vtlaw_es_, 41, siþ_es_, 213, &c.

In the same way, when rapid final syllables such as _-el_, _-er_, _-ere_, &c., are slurred over, it will _generally_ be found _that a vowel or_ h _follows them_. Examples: lit_el_, 6, won_eth_, 105, bed_els_, 266, bod_i_, 345, deu_el_, 446, hung_er_, 449. Compare ou_er_al, 38, 54. There are many other peculiarities which it would take long to enumerate, such as, that _sworn_ is pronounced _sworen_, 204; that the final _-e_ is sometimes preserved before a vowel, as in _dedë am_, 167; that the word _ne_ is very frequently not counted, as it were, in the scansion, as in 57, 113, 220, 419, the second _ne_ in l. 547, and in several other places. But it must suffice to state merely, that when the above rules (with allowance of a few exceptions) are carefully observed, it will be found that the metre of Havelok is _very regular_, and _valuable on account of its regularity_.

It would therefore be easy to correct the text in many places by help of an exact analysis of the rhythm. But this, except in a very few places, has not been attempted, because the imperfect, but unique, MS. copy is more instructive as it stands. In l. 19, e.g. _wit_ should be _wite_; in l. 47, _red_ should be _rede_; in l. 74, _his soule_ should be _of his soule_, &c. The importance of attending to the final _-e_ may be exemplified by the lines--

Allë greten swiþë sore, 236; But sonë dedë hirë fetë, 317; þinë cherlës, þinë hinë, 620; Grimës sonës allë þre, 1399; Hisë sistres herë lif, 2395.

Mr Ellis writes-- “These final examples suggested to me to compose the following German epitaph, which contains just as many final _e_’s, and which I think no German would find to have anything peculiar in the versification:

GRABSCHRIFT.

Diese alte reiche Frau Hasste jede eitle Schau, Preiste Gottes gute Gabe, Mehrte stets die eig’ne Habe, Liegt hier unbeweint im Grabe.

I think Havelok may be well compared with Goethe’s ballad,

Es war ein Kön_ig in Thu_le, Gar treu bis an das Grab, Dem, sterbend, seine Buhle _Einen gold_enen Becher gab.

Es ging ihm nichts darüber, Er leert’ ihn jeden Schmaus, Die Augen gin_gen ihm ü_ber So oft er trank daraus.

Und als er kam zu sterben, Zählt’ er _seine Städt’_ im Reich, Gönnt’ alles seinem Erben, Den Becher nicht zugleich:--

and the end:--

Die Augen thä_ten ihm sin_ken, Trank nie _einen Trop_fen mehr.

The _italicised_ trisyllabic measures are fine. Observe also the elisions of final _-e_ before a following vowel (_Städt’_ being very unusual), and the omission of the dative _-e_ in _im Reich_, to rhyme with _zugleich_.”

I have only to add that my special thanks are due to Sir F. Madden for his permission to make use of his valuable notes, glossary, and preface, and for his assistance; as also to Mr Ellis for his notes, which, however, reached me only at the last moment, when much alteration of the proofs was troublesome. There are many things probably which Mr Ellis does not much approve of in this short popular sketch of the metre, in which attention is drawn only to some of the _principal_ points. In particular, he disapproves of the term _slurring over_, though I believe that I mean precisely the same thing aa he does, viz. that these light syllables are really _fully pronounced_, and not in any way forcibly suppressed; but that, owing to their being light syllables, and occurring before vowel sounds, the full pronunciation of them does not cause the verse to halt, but merely imparts to it an agreeable vivacity. As I have already said elsewhere[46]-- “A poet’s business is, in fact, to take care that the syllables which _are_ to be rapidly pronounced are such as easily _can_ be so; and that the syllables which are to be heavily accented are naturally those that _ought_ to be. If he gives attention to this, it does not much matter whether each foot has _two_ or _three_ syllables in it.”

[Footnote 45: _Riche_ being both A.S. and French, has the _e_ even when indefinite; a riche king, 841; a riche man, 373.]

[Footnote 46: Preface to Mr Morris’s Genesis and Exodus, p. xxxviii.]

EMENDATIONS, ETC.

[Transcriber’s Note: This section is shown as printed. The editor’s corrections were variously handled. Minor changes to the primary text are shown in brackets; the more complicated or tentative emendations are given as supplementary footnotes in the form [5*]. Additions to the Glossary are shown as separate, bracketed paragraphs. The following paragraph is part of the original text.]

Some emendations have been made in the text by inserting letters and words within square brackets. A few more may be noticed here.

p. 2, l. 47. The MS. has _red_; but it should be _rede_.

p. 3, l. 66. For the MS. reading _here_ Mr Garnett proposed to read _othere_, which is clearly right.

p. 3, l. 74. For _his soule_ (as in the MS.) we should probably read _of his soule_.

p. 3, l. 79. For _wo diden_ (as in the MS.) we should read _wo so dide_.

p. 6, l. 177. _Read_-- “Bi [ihesu] crist,” &c, to fill up; but this is doubtful; see l. 1112.

p. 18, l. 560. For _with_, Mr Garnett proposed to read _wilt_.

p. 20, l. 640. For _ney_ (as in MS.) read _neye_, the adverbial form.

p. 21, l. 660. Perhaps there should be a comma after _Slep_, making the sense to be _sleep, son_, not _sleep soon_.

p. 23, l. 746. For _alle_, Mr Garnett proposed to read _shalle_.

p. 24, l. 784. Perhaps we should, however, read _se-weren_, and the note on the line (p. 93) may be wrong. See _Weren_ in the Glossary.

p. 32, l. 1037. For _stareden_ we should perhaps read _stradden_; see the Glossary.

p. 33, l. 1080. For _hexte_ we should rather read _hexte_ [_man_]; cf. l. 199.

p. 38, l. 1233. Mr Garnett suggested that _cloþen_ may mean _clothes_. If so, dele the comma after it.

p. 43, l. 1420. For _wolde_ we should rather read [_he_] _wolde_.

p. 46, l. 1687. _þarned_ is an error of the scribe for _þoled_; see the Glossary.

p. 47, l. 1720. Perhaps we should rather read--_is womman_ [_non_].

p. 47, l. 1733. _Bidde_ must mean _offer_, rather than _bid_ (as in the Glossary); unless it be miswritten for _bide_ = tarry.

p. 47, l. 1736. The MS. reading _deled_ should be _deyled_; cf. l. 2099.

p. 76, l. 2670. The MS. reading _blinne_ should clearly be _blunne_. A few other suggestions of emendations will be found in the Glossarial Index. See the words _Arwe_, _Birþe_, _Felde_, _Sor_, _Tauhte_, _Þenne_, _Thit_, _Werewed_, _Wreken_, &c. See also the suggestions in the preface, pp. xxxix, xli, xlvi, xlvii. [§ 27: Grammatical Forms; § 28: Metre]

p. 132, s.v. _Loken_. The reference to the Ancren Riwle is to MS. Titus D 18, fol. 17; cf. the edition by Morton (Camd. Soc. 1853), p. 56.

In the Glossary, _Dunten_ is wrongly placed after _Dint_.

Also, _Greting_ is wrongly placed before _Gres_.

_Hal_, more probably, is shortened from _half_, like _twel_ from _twelue_.

_Shoten_, in l. 1838, means _rushed_, _darted_, _flew_.

_Teyte_ may mean _lively_. My explanation is not generally accepted.

_Bise_ occurs in l. 724.

+Incipit vita Hauelok, quondam Rex Anglie et Denemarchie.+

[Sidenote: [Fol. 204, col. 1.]] [Sidenote: Hearken!] +Herknet to me, gode men, Wiues, maydnes, and alle men, Of a tale þat ich you wile telle, Wo so it wile here, and þer-to duelle. 4 [Sidenote: I will tell you the tale of Havelok, a wight man at need.] Þe tale is of hauelok i-maked; Wil he was litel he yede ful naked: Hauelok was a ful god gome, He was ful god in eueri trome, 8 He was þe wicteste ma{n} at nede, Þat þurte ride{n} on ani stede. Þat ye mowen nou y-here, And þe tale ye mowen y-lere. 12 At the begi{n}ning[1] of vre tale, [Sidenote: First, fill me a cup of ale.] Fil me a cuppe of ful god ale; And [y] wile dri{n}ken her y spelle, Þat crist vs shilde alle fro helle! 16 Krist late vs heu{er}e so for to do, [Sidenote: Christ grant we may do right!] Þat we moten comen him to, And wit[e][2] þat it mote ben so! _Benedicamus domino!_ 20 Here y schal bigi{n}nen a rym, Krist us yeue wel god fyn! [Sidenote: The rime is about Havelok.] The rym is maked of hauelok, A stalworþi man i{n} a flok; 24 He was þe stalworþeste ma{n} at nede, Þat may riden on ani stede.

[Footnote 1: MS. Begi{n}nig.]

[Footnote 2: _See_ ll. 517, 1316.]

[Headnote: THE GOOD KING ATHELWOLD / IS KING OVER ALL ENGLAND.]

[Sidenote: There was once a king who made good laws.] +IT was a king bi are dawes, That i{n} his time were gode lawes 28 He dede maken, an ful wel holden; Hym louede yu{n}g, him louede holde, Erl and barun, dreng and kayn, Knict, bondema{n}, and swain, 32 [Sidenote: All loved him.] Wydues, maydnes, p{re}stes and clerkes, And al for hise gode werkes. He louede god with al his micth, And holi kirke, and soth, ant ricth; 36 Ricth-wise[3] man he louede alle, And ou{er}al made hem forto calle; [Sidenote: He hated traitors and robbers.] Wreieres and wrobberes made he falle, And hated he{m} so ma{n} doth galle; 40 Vtlawes and theues made he bynde, Alle that he micthe fynde, And heye he{n}gen on galwe-tre; For hem ne yede gold ne fe. 44 [Sidenote: At that time, men could carry gold about safely, and boldly buy and sell.] In that time a man þat bore [Wel fyfty pund, y woth, or more,][4] [Sidenote: [Fol. 204, col. 2.]] Of red[e][4*] gold up-on hijs bac, In a male with or blac, 48 Ne funde he non that him misseyde, N[e] with iuele on [him] hond leyde. Þa{n}ne micthe chapme{n} fare Þuruth englond wit here ware, 52 And baldelike beye and selle{n}, Oueral þer he wilen dwellen, In gode burwes, and þer-fram Ne funde{n} he non þat dede he{m} sham, 56 Þat he ne were{n} sone to sorwe brouth, An pou{er}e maked, and browt to nouth. Þa{n}ne was engelond at hayse;[5] [Sidenote: Then was England at ease.] Michel was svich a king to preyse, 60 Þat held so eng[e]lond in grith! Krist of heuene was him with. He was engelondes blome; Was non so bold lond to rome, 64 Þat durste upon his [menie] bringhe Hunger, ne here[5*] wicke þinghe. Hwan he felede hise foos, [Sidenote: The king made his foes hide themselves.] He made he{m} lurken, and crepe{n} in wros: 68 Þe hidde{n} he{m} alle, and helde{n} he{m} stille, And diden al his herte wille. Ricth he louede of alle þinge, To wronge micht hi{m} no man bri{n}ge, 72 Ne for siluer, ne for gold:-- So was he his soule[5*] hold. [Sidenote: He befriended the fatherless.] To þe faderles was he rath, Wo so dede hem wrong or lath, 76 Were it clerc, or were it knicth, He dede hem sone to haue{n} ricth; And wo [so] dide{n}[5*] widuen wrong, Were he neure knicth so strong, 80 Þat he ne made hi{m} sone kesten, And in fet{er}es ful faste festen; [Sidenote: Them who wrought shame he punished.] And wo so dide maydne shame Of hire bodi, or brouth i{n} blame, 84 Bute it were bi hire wille, He[6] made hi{m} sone of limes spille. He was te[7] beste knith at nede, Þat heuere micthe ride{n} on stede, 88 Or wepne wagge, or folc vt lede; Of knith ne hauede he neu{er}e drede, Þat he ne spro{n}g forth so sparke of glede, [Sidenote: [Fol. 204b, col. 1.]] And lete him [knawe] of hise hand-dede, 92 Hw he couþe with wepne spede; [Sidenote: He made his foes cry for mercy.] And oþer he refte hi{m} hors or wede, Or made him sone ha{n}des sprede, And “louerd, me{r}ci!” loude grede. 96 He was large, and no wicth gnede; Hauede he non so god brede, Ne on his bord no{n} so god shrede, [Sidenote: He fed the poor.] Þat he ne wolde þorwit fede, 100 Poure þat on fote yede; Forto haue{n} of him þe mede Þat for vs wolde on rode blede, Crist, that al kan wisse and rede, 104 Þat euere woneth i{n} ani þede.

[Footnote 3: MS. “Rirth wise.”]

[Footnote 4: Supplied from conjecture. Cf. v. 653, 787. A few more instances will be found where a similar liberty has been taken, for the purpose of completing the sense.]

[Footnote 4*: Changed by editor from “red”: see Emendations.]

[Footnote 5: MS. athayse.]

[Footnotes 5* (all from Emendations): l. 66: “For the MS. reading _here_ Mr Garnett proposed to read _othere_, which is clearly right.” l. 74: “For _his soule_ (as in the MS.) we should probably read _of his soule_.” l. 79: “For _wo diden_ (as in the MS.) we should read _wo so dide_.”]

[Footnote 6: MS. Ke.]

[Footnote 7: MS. Ke waste.]

[Headnote: ATHELWOLD IS ABOUT TO DIE.]

[Sidenote: His name was Athelwold.] ¶ Þe ki{n}g was hoten aþelwold, Of word, of wepne he was bold; In engeland was neure knicth, 108 Þat bet{er}e hel þe lond to ricth. [Sidenote: He had but a young daughter to succeed him.] Of his bodi ne hauede he eyr Bute a mayden swiþe fayr, Þat was so yung þat sho ne couþe 112 Gon on fote, ne speke wit mouþe. Þan him tok an iuel strong, Þat he we[l] wiste, and under-fong, [Sidenote: He feels he is dying, and says, “I am in trouble about her.] Þat his deth was come{n} him on: 116 And seyde, “c{ri}st, wat shal y don! Louerd, wat shal me to rede! I woth ful wel ich haue mi mede. W shal nou mi douhter fare? 120 Of hire haue ich michel kare; Sho is mikel in mi þouth, Of me self is me rith nowt. No selcouth is, þou me be wo; 124 Sho ne ka{n} speke, ne sho kan go. [Sidenote: Were she but of age, I would not care for myself.”] Yif scho couþe on horse ride, And a thousa{n}de me{n} bi hire syde; And sho were com{en} intil helde, 128 And engelond sho couþe welde; And don hem of þar hire were q{ue}me, An hire bodi couþe yeme; No wolde me neu{er}e iuele like 132 Me þou ich were i{n} heuene-riche!”

[Headnote: HE SUMMONS HIS LORDS TO WINCHESTER.]

+Qua{n}ne he hauede þis plei{n}te maked, Þer-after stro{n}glike [he] quaked. He sende writes sone on-on 136 [Sidenote: [Fol. 204b, col. 2.]] After his erles eu{er}e-ich on; [Sidenote: He summons his lords, from Roxburgh to Dover.] And after hise baru{n}s, riche and poure, Fro rokesburw al i{n}to douere, That he shulde{n} comen swiþe 140 Til him, that was ful vnbliþe; To þat stede þe[r] he lay, In harde bondes, nicth and day. He was so faste wit yuel fest, 144 Þat he ne mouthe haue{n} no rest; [Sidenote: He can no longer eat.] He ne mouthe no mete hete, Ne he ne mouchte no lyþe gete; Ne non of his iuel þat couþe red; 148 Of him ne was nouth bute{n} ded.

[Sidenote: All sadly obey his summons.] +Alle þat the writes herden, Sorful an sori til him ferde{n}; He wru{n}gen ho{n}des, and wepe{n} sore, 152 And yerne preyde{n} cristes hore, Þat he [wolde] t{ur}nen him Vt of þat yuel þat was so grim! Þa{n}ne he weren comen alle 156 [Sidenote: They come to Winchester.] Bifor þe king i{n}to the halle, At wi{n}chestre þer he lay: “Welcome,” he seyde, “be ye ay! Ful michel þank[e] kan [y] yow 160 That ye aren come{n} to me now!”

[Headnote: ATHELWOLD SELECTS EARL GODRICH / TO BE HIS DAUGHTER’S GUARDIAN.]

[Sidenote: They all mourn and lament.] +Quanne he were{n} alle set, And þe king aueden i-gret, He grete{n}, and goulede{n}, and goue{n} he{m} ille, 164 And he bad he{m} alle ben stille; And seyde, “þat greti{n}g helpeth nouth, For al to dede am ich brouth. Bute nov ye sen þat i shal deye, 168 [Sidenote: He prays them to tell him who can guard his daughter best.] Nou ich wille you alle preye Of mi douther þat shal be Yure leuedi after me, Wo may yeme{n} hire so longe, 172 Boþen hire and engelonde, Til þat she [mowe] winan of helde, And þa she mowe yeme{n} and welde?” He ansuered{en}, and seyd{en} an-on, 176 [Sidenote: They answer, “Earl Godrich of Cornwall.”] Bi crist[7*] and bi seint ion, That þerl Godrigh of cornwayle Was trewe ma{n}, wit-ute{n} faile; Wis ma{n} of red, wis ma{n} of dede, 180 And me{n} hauede{n} of hi{m} mikel drede. [Sidenote: [Fol. 205, col. 1.]] “He may hire alþer-best[e] yeme, Til þat she mowe wel be{n} quene.”

[Footnote 7* (from Emendations): “_Read_-- “Bi [ihesu] crist,” &c, to fill up; but this is doubtful; see l. 1112.”]

[Sidenote: The king sends for chalice and paten, for the earl to swear upon.] +Þe king was payed of that Rede; 184 A wol fair cloth bri{n}ge{n} he dede, And þer-on leyde þe messebok, Þe caliz, and þe pateyn ok, Þe corporaus, þe messe-gere; 188 Þer-on he garte þe erl suere, Þat he sholde yemen hire wel, With-ute{n} lac, wit-ute{n} tel, Til þat she were tuelf[8] wi{n}ter hold, 192 And of speche were bold; And þat she covþe of curteysye, [Sidenote: His daughter is to marry the best and fairest man that can be found.] Gon, and speken of luue-drurye; And til þat she louen þoucte,[9] 196 Wom so hire to gode thoucte; And þat he shulde hire yeue Þe beste ma{n} that micthe liue, Þe beste, fayreste, the stra{n}gest ok:-- 200 Þat dede he him sweren on þe bok. And þa{n}ne shulde he engelond Al bitechen in-to hire hond.

[Footnote 8: _Qu._ tuenti. Cf. v. 259.]

[Footnote 9: MS. mithe. But see l. 257.]

+Quanne[10] þat was sworn on his wise, 204 [Sidenote: He gives up all England to the earl, to keep for her.] Þe ki{n}g dede þe mayde{n} arise, And þe erl hire bitaucte, And al the lond he euere awcte; Engelonde eueri del; 208 And preide, he shulde yeme hire wel.

[Footnote 10: MS. Ouanne. And perhaps “his” should have been “þis.”]

+Þe king ne mowcte don no more, But yerne preyede godes ore; And dede him hosle{n} wel and shriue, 212 [Sidenote: The king does penance.] I woth, fif hu{n}dred siþes and fiue; An ofte dede him sore swinge, And wit hondes smerte di{n}ge; So þat þe blod ran of his fleys, 216 Þat tendre was, and swiþe neys. [11]And sone gaf it euere-il del; He made his quiste swiþe wel. [Sidenote: He makes his will.] Wan it was goue{n}, ne micte me{n} finde 220 So mikel me{n} micte hi{m} in winde, Of his i{n} arke, ne in chiste, In engelond þat noma{n} wiste: For al was youe{n}, faire and wel, 224 Þat him was leued no catel.

[Footnote 11: Some lines appear to be wanting here, such as--

“He þoucte his quiste þan to make, His catel muste he wel bitake,” &c.]

[Headnote: KING ATHELWOLD DIES.]

+Þa{n}ne he hauede be{n} ofte swngen, [Sidenote: [Fol. 205, col. 2.]] Ofte shriue{n}, and ofte dungen, “_In man{us} tuas_, lou[{er}]de,” he seyde, 228 Her þat he þe speche leyde. [Sidenote: The king dies.] To ihe{s}u crist bigan to calle, And deyede biforn his heyme{n} alle. Þan he was ded, þere micte me{n} se 232 Þe meste sorwe that micte be; Þer was sobbing, siking, and sor, Handes wri{n}gi{n}g, and drawi{n}g bi hor. [Sidenote: All mourn for him.] Alle greten swiþe sore, 236 Riche and poure þat þere wore; An mikel sorwe hauede{n} alle, Leuedyes i{n} boure, knictes i{n} halle.

[Sidenote: Masses are sung for him.] +Quan þat sorwe was somdel laten, 240 And he hauede{n} longe graten, Belles dede{n} he sone ri{n}gen, Monkes and p{re}stes messe singen; And saut{er}es deden he manie reden, 244 Þat god self shulde his soule lede{n} Into heuene, biforn his sone, And þer wit-uten hende wone. [Sidenote: He is buried and the earl takes possession, till the maiden is twenty years old.] Þan he was to þe erþe brouth, 248 Þe riche erl ne foryat nouth, Þat he ne dede al engelond Sone sayse i{n}til his hond; And in þe castels leth he[12] do 252 Þe knictes he micte triste{n} to; And alle þe englis dede he swere[{n}], Þat he shulde{n} him ghod fey baren; He yaf alle me{n}, þat god þoucte, 256 Liuen and deyen til þat him moucte,[13] Til þat þe kinges dowter wore Tuenti wint{er} hold, and more.

[Footnote 12: Sir F. Madden printed “lechhe”; but the MS. may be read “leth he.”]

[Footnote 13: So in MS. But the sense requires

“He gaf alle men, þat god _him_ þouchte, Liuen and deyen til þat _he_ mouete,” &c.]

[Headnote: EARL GODRICH TAKES POSSESSION.]

+Þa{n}ne he hauede take{n} þis oth 260 Of erles, baru{n}s, lef and loth, Of knictes, cherles, fre and þewe, [Sidenote: Earl Godrich appoints justices, sheriffs, &c.] Justises dede he maken newe, Al engelond to faren þorw, 264 Fro douere i{n}to rokesborw. Schireues he sette, bedels, and g{re}yues, Grith-sergea{n}s, wit lo{n}ge gleyues, To yeme{n} wilde wodes and paþes 268 Fro wicke me{n}, that wolde don scaþes; And forto haue{n} alle at his cri, At his wille, at his merci; [Sidenote: [Fol. 205b, col. 1.]] Þat non durste be{n} him ageyn, 272 Erl ne baron, knict ne sweyn. [Sidenote: He grows very rich, and all England fears him.] Wislike for soth, was him wel Of folc, of wepne, of catel, Soþlike, in a lite þrawe 276 Al engelond of him stod [in] awe; Al engelond was of him adrad,[14] So his þe beste fro þe gad.

[Footnote 14: MS. “adred,” altered to “adrad.”]

[Sidenote: The maiden grows up very fair.] +Þe ki{n}ges douther bigan þriue, 280 And wex þe fayrest wma{n} on liue. Of alle þewes w[as] she wis, Þat gode weren, and of pris. [Sidenote: Her name is Goldborough.] Þe mayden Goldeboru was hoten; 284 For hire was mani a ter igroten.

[Headnote: GODRICH PLOTS AGAINST HIS WARD.]

+Quanne the Erl godrich him herde Of þat mayde{n}, hw we[l s]he ferde; Hw wis sho was, w chaste, hw fayr, 288 And þat sho was þe rithe eyr Of engelond, of al þe rike:-- [Sidenote: Godrich is vexed.] Þo bigan godrich to sike, And seyde, “weþer she sholde be 292 Quen and leuedi ouer me? Hweþer sho sholde al engelond, And me, and mine, haue{n} in hire hond? Daþeit hwo it hire thaue! 296 Shal sho it neu{er}e more haue. [Sidenote: “Shall I give England to a fool, a girl?] Sholde ic yeue a fol, a þerne, Engelond, þou sho it yerne? Daþeit hwo it hire yeue, 300 Euere more hwil i liue! Sho is waxen al to prud, For gode metes, and noble shrud, Þat hic haue youen hire to offte; 304 Hic haue yemed hire to softe. Shal it nouth ben als sho þenkes, ‘Hope maketh fol ma{n} ofte ble{n}kes.’ [Sidenote: My son shall have England.”] Ich haue a sone, a ful fayr knaue, 308 He shal e{n}gelond al haue. He shal [ben] ki{n}g, he shal ben sire, So brouke i eu{er}e mi blake swire!”