Part 7

For their God Alla for Christian naceran [545] for Turk rumno for Moro musulman; isilam for Heathen caphre for their Mosque mischit for their Priests maulana catip mudin for their Wise Men horan pandita for their Devout Men mossai for their Ceremonies zambahehan de ala meschit for Father bapa for Mother mama ambui for Son anach for Brother saudala for the Brother of so and so capatin muiadi for Cousin saudala sopopu for Grandfather niny for Father-in-law minthua for Son-in-law mi nanthu for Man horan for Woman poran poan for Hair lambut for Head capala for Forehead dai for Eye matta for Eyebrows quilai for Eyelids cenin for Nose idon for Mouth mulut for Lips bebere for Teeth gigi for Cheeks issi for Tongue lada for Palate langhi for Chin aghai for Beard janghut for Mustaches missai for Jaw pipi for Ear talingha for Throat laher for Neck tun dun for Shoulders balachan for Breast dada for Heart atti for Teat sussu for Stomach parut for Body tun dunbutu for Penis botto for Vagina [546] bucchii for to have communication with women amput for Buttocks buri for Thighs taha for Leg mina for the Shinbone of the leg tula for its Calf tilor chaci for Ankle buculati for Heel tumi for Foot batis for the Sole of the Foot empachaqui for Fingernail cuchu for Arm langhan for Elbow sichu for Hand tanghan for the large Finger of the hand [i.e., the Thumb] idun tanghan for the Second Finger tungu for the Third geri for the Fourth mani for the Fifth calinchin for Rice bugax for Cocoanut in Malucho and Burne biazzao [for Cocoanut] in Lozon nior [for Cocoanut] in Java Major calambil for Fig [i.e., banana] pizan for Sugarcane tubu for Camotes [batate] gumbili for the Roots like turnips ubi for Nangca mandicai sicui for Melon antimon for Cucumbers labu for Cow lambu for Hog babi for Buffalo carban for Sheep biri for She-goat cambin for Cock sambunghan for Hen aiambatina for Capon gubili for Egg talor for Gander itich for Goose ansa for Bird bolon for Elephant gagia for Horse cuda for Lion huriman for Deer roza for Reeds cuiu for Bees haermadu for Honey gulla for Wax lelin for Candle dian for its Wick sumbudian for Fire appi for Smoke asap for Cinders abu for Cooked azap for well cooked lambech for Water tubi for Gold amax for Silver pirac for the Precious Gem premata for Pearl mutiara for Quicksilver raza for Copper [metalo] tumbaga for Iron baci for Lead tima for their Gongs agun for Cinnabar galuga sadalinghan for Silver [color or cloth?] soliman danas for Silk Cloth cain sutra for red Cloth cain mira for Black Cloth cain ytam for White Cloth cain pute for Green Cloth cain igao for Yellow Cloth cain cunin for Cap cophia for Knife pixao for Scissors guntin for Mirror chiela min for Comb sissir for Glass Bead manich for Bell giringirin for Ring sinsin for Cloves ghianche for Cinnamon caiumanis for Pepper lada for Long Pepper sabi for Nutmeg buapala gosoga for Copper wire canot for Dish pinghan for Earthen pot prin for Porringer manchu for Wooden Dish dulan for Shell calunpan for their Measures socat for Land [terra] buchit for Mainland buchit tana for Mountain gonun for Rock batu for Island polan for a Point of Land [i.e., a Cape] taniun buchit for River songhai What is so-and-so’s name? apenamaito? for Cocoanut oil mignach for Beneseed oil lana lingha for Salt garan sira for Musk and its Animal castori for the wood eaten by the castors comaru for Leech linta for Civet jabat for the Cat which makes the Civet mozan for Rhubarb calama for Demon saytan for World bumi for Wheat gandun for to Sleep tidor for Mats tical for Cushion bantal for Pain sachet for Health bay for Brush cupia for Fan chipas for their Cloths chebun for Shirts bain for their Houses pati alam for Year tanu for Month bullan for Day alli for Night mallan for Afternoon malamari for Noon tam hahari for Morning patan patan for Sun mata hari for Moon bulan for Half moon tanam patbulan for Stars bintan for Sky languin for Thunder gunthur for Merchant sandgar for City naghiri for Castle cuta for House rinna for to Sit duodo Sit down, sir duodo orancaia Sit down, honest fellow duodo horandai et anan Lord tuan for Boy cana cana for one of their Foster-children lascar for Slave alipin for Yes ca for No tida for to Understand thao for not to Understand tida taho Do not look at me tida liat Look at me liat To be one and the same thing casi casi; siama siama for to Kill mati for to Eat macan for Spoon sandoch for Harlot sondal Large bassal Long pangian Small chechil Short pandach for to Have ada for not to Have tida hada Listen, sir tuan diam Where is the junk going? dimana ajun? for Sewing-needle jalun for to Sew banan for Sewing-thread pintal banan for Woman’s headdress dastar capala for King raia for Queen putli for Wood caiu for to Work caraiar for to take recreation buandala for Vein of the arm where one bleeds himself urat paratanghan for the Blood that comes from the arm dara carnal for good blood dara When they sneeze, they say ebarasai for Fish ycam for Polypus calabutan for Meat dagin for Sea-snail cepot Little serich Half satanha sapanghal for Cold dinghin for Hot panas For jan for Truth benar for Lie dusta for to Steal manchiuri for Scab codis Take na Give me ambil Fat gannich Thin golos for Hair tundun capala How many? barapa? Once satu chali One braza dapa for to Speak catha for Here siui for There sana datan Good day salamalichum for the Answer [to good day] alichum salam Sir, may good fortune attend you mali horancaia mancan I have eaten already suda macan Fellow, betake yourself off pandan chita horan for to Desire banunchan Good evening sabalchaer for the Answer [to good evening] vchaer sandat for To give minta To give to some one bri pocol for Iron fetters balanghu O what a smell! bosso chini for Young man horan muda for Old man tua for Scribe xiritoles for Writing-paper cartas for to Write mangurat for Pen calam for Ink dauat for Writing-desk padantan for Letter surat I do not have it guala Come here camari What do you want? appa man? Who sent you? appa ito? for Seaport labuan for Galley gurap for Ship capal for Bow [of a boat] asson for Stern [of a boat] biritan for To sail belaiar for the Ship’s mast tian for Yard [of a ship] laiar for the Rigging tamira for Sail leier for Maintop sinbulaia for the Anchor rope danda for Anchor san for Boat sanpan for Oar daiun for Mortar [i.e., cannon] badil for Wind anghin for Sea laut Fellow, come here horan itu datan for their Daggers calix golog for their Dagger hilt daga nan for Sword padan gole for Blowpipe sumpitan for their Arrows damach for the poisonous Herb ypu for Quiver bolo for Bow [i.e., a weapon] bolsor for its Arrows anat paan for Cats cochin puchia for Rat ticus for Lizard buaia for Shipworms capan lotos for Fishhook matacanir for Fishbait unpan for Fishline tunda for to Wash mandi Not to be afraid tangan tacut Fatigue lala A pleasant cup sadap manis for Friend sandara for Enemy sanbat I am certain zonhu for to Barter biniaga I have not anis To be a friend pugna Two things malupho If oue for Crowd (?) zoroan pagnoro To give pleasure to one mamain To be stiff with cold amala for Madman gila for Interpreter giorobaza How many languages do you know? barapa bahasa tan? Many bagna for to speak of Malaca chiaramalain Where is so-and-so? dimana horan? for Flag tonghol Now sacaran Tomorrow hezoch The next day luza Yesterday calamari for Palm-mallet colbasi for Nail pacu for Mortar lozon [547] for Rammer for crushing [rice?] atan for to Dance manari for to Pay baiar for to Call panghil Unmarried ugan Married suda babini All one sannia for Rain ugian for Drunken moboch for Skin culit for Anger ullat for to Fight guzar Sweet manis Bitter azon How are you? appa giadi? Well bay Poorly sachet Bring me that biriacan This man is a coward giadi hiat horan itu Enough suda

The winds

for the North iraga for the South salatan for the East timor for the West baratapat for the Northeast utara for the Southwest berdaia for the Northwest bardaut for the Southeast tunghara

Numbers

One satus Two dua Three tiga Four ampat Five lima Six anam Seven tugu Eight duolappan Nine sambilan Ten sapolo Twenty duapolo Thirty tigapolo Forty ampatpolo Fifty limapolo Sixty anampolo Seventy tuguppolo Eighty dualapanpolo Ninety sambilampolo One hundred saratus Two hundred duaratus Three hundred tigaratus Four hundred anamparatus Five hundred limaratus Six hundred anambratus Seven hundred tugurattus Eight hundred dualapanratus Nine hundred sambilanratus One thousand salibu Two thousand dualibu Three thousand tigalibu Four thousand ampatlibu Five thousand limalibu Six thousand anamlibu Seven thousand tugulibu Eight thousand dualapanlibu Nine thousand sambilanlibu Ten thousand salacza Twenty thousand dualacza Thirty thousand tigalacza Forty thousand ampatlacza Fifty thousand limalacza Sixty thousand anamlacza Seventy thousand tugulacza Eighty thousand dualapanlacza Ninety thousand sambilanlacza One hundred thousand sacati Two hundred thousand duacati Three hundred thousand tigacati Four hundred thousand ampatcati Five hundred thousand limacati Six hundred thousand anamcati Seven hundred thousand tugacati Eight hundred thousand dualapancati Nine hundred thousand sambilancati One million [literally: ten times one hundred thousand] sainta

All the hundreds, the thousands, the tens of thousands, the hundreds of thousands, and the millions are joined with the numbers, satus, dua, etc. [548]

Proceeding on our way we passed amid those islands [those of] Caioan, Laigoma, Sico, Giogi, and Caphi. [549] In the said island of Caphi is found a race as small as dwarfs, who are amusing people, and are pigmies. [550] They have been subjected by force to our king of Tadore. [We also passed the islands of] Laboan, Toliman, Titameti, Bachian, of which we have already spoken, Lalalata, Tabobi, Maga, and Batutiga. [551] Passing outside the latter on its western side, we laid our course west southwest, and discovered some islets toward the south. And inasmuch as the Malucho pilots told us to go thither, for we were pursuing our course among many islands and shoals, we turned toward the southeast, and encountered an island which lies in a latitude of two degrees toward the Antarctic Pole, and fifty-five leguas from Maluco. It is called Sulach, [552] and its inhabitants are heathens. They have no king, and eat human flesh. They go naked, both men and women, only wearing a bit of bark two fingers wide before their privies. There are many islands thereabout where the inhabitants eat human flesh. The names of some of them are as follows: Silan, Noselao, Biga, Atulabaou, Leitimor, Tenetun, Gondia, Pailarurun, Manadan, and Benaia. [553] Then we coasted along two islands called Lamatola [554] and Tenetun, lying about x leguas from Sulach. In that same course we encountered a very large island where one finds rice, swine, goats, fowls, cocoanuts, sugarcane, sago, a food made from one of their varieties of figs [i.e., bananas] called chanali,554 and chiacare, which are called nangha. Nangcas are a fruit resembling the cucumber [augurie]. They are knotty on the outside, and inside they have a certain small red fruit like the apricot. It contains no stone, but has instead a marrowy substance resembling a bean but larger. That marrowy substance has a delicate taste like chestnuts. [There is] a fruit like the pineapple. It is yellow outside, and white inside, and when cut it is like a pear, but more tender and much better. Its name is connilicai. The inhabitants of that island go naked as do those of Solach. They are heathens and have no king. That island lies in a latitude of three and one-half degrees toward the Antarctic Pole, and is seventy-five [555] [degrees: crossed out in original MS.] leguas from Malucho. Its name is Buru. Ten leguas east of the above island is a large island which is bounded by Jiaalolo. It is inhabited by Moros and heathens. The Moros live near the sea, and the heathens in the interior. The latter eat human flesh. The products mentioned above are produced in that island. It is called Ambon. [556] Between Buru and Ambon are found three islands surrounded by reefs, called Vudia, [557] Cailaruri, and Benaia; and near Buru, and about four leguas to the south, is a small island, called Ambalao. [558]

About thirty-five leguas to the south by west of the above island of Buru, are found Bandan. Bandan consists of twelve islands. Mace and nutmeg grow in six of them. Their names are as follows: Zoroboa, the largest of them all, and the others, Chelicel, Samianapi, Pulac, Pulurun, and Rosoghin. The other six are as follows: Unuueru, Pulanbaracon, Lailaca, Manucan, Man, and Meut. [559] Nutmeg is not found in them, but only sago, rice, cocoanuts, figs [i.e., bananas], and other fruits. Those islands are located near together, and their inhabitants are Moros, who have no king. Bandan lies in a latitude of six degrees toward the Antarctic Pole, and in a longitude of one hundred and sixty-three and one-half degrees from the line of demarcation. As it was a trifle outside of our course we did not go there. [560]

Leaving the above mentioned island of Baru, and taking the course toward the southwest by west, we reached, [after sailing through] about eight degrees of longitude, three islands, quite near together, called Zolot, Nocemamor, and Galiau. [561] While sailing amid them, we were struck by a fierce storm, which caused us to make a pilgrimage to our Lady of Guidance. Running before the storm we landed at a lofty island, but before reaching it we were greatly worn out by the violent gusts of wind that came from the mountains of that island, and the great currents of water. The inhabitants of that island are savage and bestial, and eat human flesh. They have no king, and go naked, wearing only that bark as do the others, except that when they go to fight they wear certain pieces of buffalo hide before, behind, and at the sides, which are ornamented with small shells, [562] boars’ tusks, and tails of goat skins fastened before and behind. They wear their hair done up high and held by certain long reed pins which they pass from one side to the other, which keep the hair high. They wear their beards wrapped in leaves and thrust into small bamboo tubes—a ridiculous sight. They are the ugliest people who live in those Indias. Their bows and arrows are of bamboo. They have a kind of a sack made from the leaves of a tree in which their women carry their food and drink. When those people caught sight of us, they came to meet us with bows, but after we had given them some presents, we immediately became their friends. [563] We remained there a fortnight in order to calk the sides [564] of the ship. In that island are found fowls, goats, cocoanuts, wax (of which they gave us fifteen libras for one libra of old iron), and pepper, both long and round. [565] The long pepper resembles the first blossoms of the hazelnut in winter. [566] Its plant resembles ivy, and it clings to trees as does that plant; but its leaves resemble those of the mulberry. It is called luli. [567] The round pepper grows like the former, but in ears like Indian corn, and is shelled off; and it is called lada. The fields in those regions are full of this [last variety of] pepper, planted to resemble arbors. [568] We captured a man in that place so that he might take us to some island where we could lay in provisions. That island lies in a latitude of eight and one-half degrees toward the Antarctic Pole, and a longitude of one hundred and sixty-nine and two-thirds degrees from the line of demarcation; and is called Malua. [569]

Our old pilot from Maluco told us that there was an island nearby called Arucheto, [570] the men and women of which are not taller than one cubit, but who have ears as long as themselves. With one of them they make their bed and with the other they cover themselves. They go shaven close and quite naked, run swiftly, and have shrill voices. They live in caves underground, and subsist on fish and a substance which grows between the wood and the bark [of a tree], which is white and round like preserved coriander, which is called ambulon. However, we did not go there because of the strong currents in the water, and the numerous shoals.

On Saturday, January 25, MCCCCCXXII, [571] we left the island of Malua. On Sunday, the twenty-sixth, [572] we reached a large island which lies five leguas to the south southwest of Malua. I went ashore alone to speak to the chief of a city called Amaban to ask him to furnish us with food. He told me that he would give me buffaloes, [573] swine, and goats, but we could not come to terms because he asked many things for one buffalo. Inasmuch as we had but few things, and hunger was constraining us, we retained in the ship a chief and his son from another village called Balibo. [574] He for fear lest we kill him, immediately gave us six buffaloes, five goats, and two swine; and to complete the number of ten swine and ten goats [which we had demanded] they gave us one [additional] buffalo. For thus had we placed the condition [of their ransom]. Then we sent them ashore very well pleased with linen, Indian cloth of silk and cotton, hatchets, Indian knives, scissors, mirrors, and knives. [575] That chief to whom I went to talk had only women to serve him. All the women go naked as do the other women [of the other islands]. In their ears they wear small earrings of gold, with silk tassels pendant from them. On their arms they wear many gold and brass armlets as far as the elbow. The men go as the women, except that they fasten certain gold articles, round like a trencher, about their necks, and wear bamboo combs adorned with gold rings [576] in their hair. Some of them wear the necks of dried gourds in their ears in place of gold rings.

White sandal wood is found in that island and nowhere else. [577] [There is also] ginger, buffaloes, swine, goats, fowls, rice, figs [i.e., bananas], sugarcane, oranges, lemons, wax, almonds, kidney-beans, [578] and other things, as well as parrots of various colors. On the other side of the island are four brothers, who are the kings of that island. Where we were, there were cities and some of their chiefs. The names of the four settlements of the kings are as follows: Oibich, Lichsana, Suai, and Cabanaza. Oibich is the largest. There is a quantity of gold found in a mountain in Cabanaza, according to the report given us, and its inhabitants make all their purchases with little bits of gold. All the sandal wood and wax that is traded by the inhabitants of Java and Malaca is traded for in that region. We found a junk from Lozon there, which had come thither to trade in sandal wood. Those people are heathens. When they go to cut the sandal wood, the devil (according to what we were told), appears to them in various forms, and tells them that if they need anything they should ask him for it. They become ill for some days as a result of that apparition. The sandal wood is cut at a certain time of the moon, for otherwise it would not be good. The merchandise valued in exchange for sandal wood there is red cloth, linen, hatchets, [579] iron, and nails. That island is inhabited in all parts, and extends for a long distance east and west, but is not very broad north and south. It lies in a latitude of ten degrees toward the Antarctic Pole, and in a longitude of one hundred and seventy-four and one-half [580] degrees from the line of demarcation, and is called Timor. [581] The disease of St. Jop was to be found in all of the islands which we encountered in that archipelago, but more in that place than in others. It is called foi franchi [582] that is to say “Portuguese disease.” [583]

A day’s journey thence toward the west northwest, we were told that we would find an island where quantities of cinnamon grow, by name Ende. [584] Its inhabitants are heathens, and have no king. [We were told] also that there are many islands in the same [isl: crossed out in original MS.] course, one following the other, as far as Java Major, and the cape of Malaca. The names of those islands are as follows: Ende, Tanabutun, Creuo, Chile, Bimacore, Aranaran, Mani, Zumbaua, Lomboch, Chorum, [585] and Java Major. [586] Those inhabitants do not call it Java but Jaoa. The largest cities are located in Java, and are as follows: Magepaher (when its king was alive, he was the most powerful in all those islands, and his name was Raia Patiunus); Sunda, where considerable, pepper grows; Daha; Dama; Gagiamada; Minutaranghan; Cipara; Sidaiu; Tuban; Cressi; Cirubaia; [587] and Balli. [588] [We were told] also that Java Minor is the island of Madura, and is located near to Java Major, [being only] one-half legua away. [589] We were told also that when one of the chief men of Java Major dies, his body is burned. His principal wife adorns herself with garlands of flowers and has herself carried on a chair through the entire village by three or four men. Smiling and consoling her relatives who are weeping, she says: “Do not weep, for I am going to sup with my dear husband this evening, [590] and to sleep with him this night.” Then she is carried to the fire, where her husband is being burned. Turning toward her relatives, and again consoling them, she throws herself into the fire, where her husband is being burned. Did she not do that, she would not be considered an honorable woman or a true wife to her dead husband. [591] When the young men of Java are in love with any gentlewoman, they fasten certain little bells between their penis and the foreskin. They take a position under their sweetheart’s window, and making a pretense of urinating, and shaking their penis, they make the little bells ring, and continue to ring them until their sweetheart hears the sound. The sweetheart descends immediately, and they take their pleasure; always with those little bells, for their women take great pleasure in hearing those bells ring from the inside. [592] Those bells are all covered, and the more they are covered the louder [593] they sound. Our oldest pilot told us that in an island called Acoloro, [594] which lies below Java Major, there are found no persons but women, and that they become pregnant from the wind. When they bring forth, if the offspring is a male, they kill it, but if it is a female they rear it. If men go to that island of theirs, they kill them if they are able to do so.