CHAPTER II

.--Of the Central Mountains.

Sec. 1. Similar character of the central peaks in all parts of the world. 275 Sec. 2. Their arrangements in pyramids or wedges, divided by vertical fissures. 275 Sec. 3. Causing groups of rock resembling an artichoke or rose. 276 Sec. 4. The faithful statement of these facts by Turner in his Alps at Daybreak. 276 Sec. 5. Vignette of the Andes and others. 277 Sec. 6. Necessary distance, and consequent aerial effect on all such mountains. 277 Sec. 7. Total want of any rendering of their phenomena in ancient art. 278 Sec. 8. Character of the representations of Alps in the distances of Claude. 278 Sec. 9. Their total want of magnitude and aerial distance. 279 Sec. 10. And violation of specific form. 280 Sec. 11. Even in his best works. 280 Sec. 12. Farther illustration of the distant character of mountain chains. 281 Sec. 13. Their excessive appearance of transparency. 281 Sec. 14. Illustrated from the works of Turner and Stanfield. The Borromean Islands of the latter. 282 Sec. 15. Turner's Arona. 283 Sec. 16. Extreme distance of large objects always characterized by very sharp outline. 283 Sec. 17. Want of this decision in Claude. 284 Sec. 18. The perpetual rendering of it by Turner. 285 Sec. 19. Effects of snow, how imperfectly studied. 285 Sec. 20. General principles of its forms on the Alps. 287 Sec. 21. Average paintings of Switzerland. Its real spirit has scarcely yet been caught. 289

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