CHAPTER IV

.--Of the Foreground.

Sec. 1. What rocks were the chief components of ancient landscape foreground. 309 Sec. 2. Salvator's limestones. The real characters of the rock. Its fractures, and obtuseness of angles. 309 Sec. 3. Salvator's acute angles caused by the meeting of concave curves. 310 Sec. 4. Peculiar distinctness of light and shade in the rocks of nature. 311 Sec. 5. Peculiar confusion of both in the rocks of Salvator. 311 Sec. 6. And total want of any expression of hardness or brittleness. 311 Sec. 7. Instances in particular pictures. 312 Sec. 8. Compared with the works of Stanfield. 312 Sec. 9. Their absolute opposition in every particular. 313 Sec. 10. The rocks of J. D. Harding. 313 Sec. 11. Characters of loose earth and soil. 314 Sec. 12. Its exceeding grace and fulness of feature. 315 Sec. 13. The ground of Teniers. 315 Sec. 14. Importance of these minor parts and points. 316 Sec. 15. The observance of them is the real distinction between the master and the novice. 316 Sec. 16. Ground of Cuyp. 317 Sec. 17. And of Claude. 317 Sec. 18. The entire weakness and childishness of the latter. 318 Sec. 19. Compared with the work of Turner. 318 Sec. 20. General features of Turner's foreground. 319 Sec. 21. Geological structure of his rocks in the Fall of the Tees. 319 Sec. 22. Their convex surfaces and fractured edges. 319 Sec. 23. And perfect unity. 320 Sec. 24. Various parts whose history is told us by the details of the drawing. 321 Sec. 25. Beautiful instance of an exception to general rules in the Llanthony. 321 Sec. 26. Turner's drawing of detached blocks of weathered stone. 322 Sec. 27. And of complicated foreground. 323 Sec. 28. And of loose soil. 323 Sec. 29. The unison of all in the ideal foregrounds of the Academy pictures. 324 Sec. 30. And the great lesson to be received from all. 324

SECTION V.

OF TRUTH OF WATER.

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