CHAPTER IX

THE BRINGING OF CHRISTIANITY AND ANTIQUE KNOWLEDGE TO THE NORTHERN PEOPLES 169

I. Irish Activities; Columbanus of Luxeuil.

II. Conversion of the English; the learning of Bede and Alfred.

III. Gaul and Germany; from Clovis to St. Winifried-Boniface.

## BOOK II

THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES

## CHAPTER X CAROLINGIAN PERIOD: THE FIRST STAGE IN THE APPROPRIATION OF THE PATRISTIC AND ANTIQUE 207

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