IX.

It is the _method_ of arguing from effect to cause which gives to ethnology its _scientific_, in opposition to its _literary_, aspect; placing it, thereby, in the same category with geology, as a palæontological science.[193] Hence it is the science of a method--a method by which inference does the work of testimony. Furthermore, ethnology is history in respect to its results; geology in respect to its method. And in the same way that geology has its zoological, physiological and such other aspects as constitute it a mixed science; ethnology has them also.

The simple record of facts constitutes ethno_graphy_, or _descriptive_ ethno_logy_.

The application of these to the investigation of unascertained phænomena is _general_ ethnology, or (simply) ethnology.