chapter II

.

[191] II 14, 16. An earlier period is referred to in I 126 §§ 7, 8.

[192] II 65 § 2.

[193] I 141.

[194] _Die Bevölkerung der Griechisch-Röm. Welt_ p 150.

[195] I 143.

[196] Theopompus in Athenaeus 149 d.

[197] I 139 § 2.

[198] VI 91 § 7.

[199] VII 27 § 5.

[200] Trygaeus in Aristoph _Pax_ is a farmer from this district.

[201] III 73, VIII 40 § 2.

[202] III 88 § 3.

[203] II 62 § 3.

[204] _opus cit_ chapters IV, VII.

[205] For instance, in Euboea and Aegina.

[206] III 50. Herodes, whose murder was later the occasion of a speech of Antiphon, is thought to have been one of the cleruchs.

[207] Arnold’s note explains the situation well, and Beloch p 83 agrees.

[208] See the inscription relative to Brea, G F Hill _Sources_ III 317.

[209] See the hint in the speech of Pericles I 143 § 4.

[210] That there was normally much insecurity in rustic life in some parts of Greece, may be inferred from the dance-scene of the farmer and the robber, acted by men from north central Greece in _Anabasis_ VI 1 §§ 7, 8. Daubeny’s Lectures pp 17, 18.

[211] _Hellenica_ II 1 § 1.

[212] _Hellenica_ VI 2 § 37.

[213] Ar _Pol_ VII 6 § 8.

[214] _Anab_ III 2 § 26.

[215] _Anab_ VI 4 § 8.

[216] _Anab_ I 2 § 27, V 6 § 13, VII 3 § 48, 8 §§ 12-19.

[217] _Anab_ IV 1 §§ 12, 13.

[218] _Anab_ V 3 § 4.

[219] _Anab_ IV 8 § 4. It does not appear that the man rejoined his native tribe.

[220] _Anab_ VII 7 § 53.

[221] See the protest of Callicratidas, _Hellen_ I 6 § 14, with Breitenbach’s note.

[222] _Anab_ VII 1 § 36, 2 § 6, 3 § 3.

[223] _Memorab_ II 7.

[224] _Memor_ I 2 § 57, II 7 §§ 4-11, 8.

[225] _Memor_ III 13 § 4.

[226] _Memor_ I 1 § 16, IV 2 §§ 22-31.

[227] _Memor_ I 5 § 2.

[228] _Memor_ III 7 § 6, 9 §§ 11, 15.

[229] _Econ_ 20 §§ 22 foll.

[230] _Econ_ 12 § 3.

[231] _Econ_ 3 §§ 1-5, 5 §§ 15, 16, 12 § 19.

[232] _Econ_ 7-9, 12-14, 21.

[233] _Econ_ 13 § 9, cf 9 § 5.

[234] _Econ_ 12-15.

[235] _Econ_ 14 § 8.

[236] _Econ_ 14 § 9.

[237] _Econ_ 5 § 4, 14 § 2, 20 _passim_.

[238] _Econ_ 5 § 6.

[239] _Econ_ 1 § 4, 4 § 6.

[240] cf _Memor_ II 7 §§ 7-10.

[241] _Econ_ 11 §§ 9, 10.

[242] _Econ_ 20 _passim_.

[243] _Econ_ 21 § 10.

[244] _Econ_ 21 § 12.

[245] _Econ_ 21 § 9.

[246] _Memor_ II 8 especially § 3. For this suggestion that a free man should be steward of a rich man’s estate I can find no parallel. See the chapters on the Roman agricultural writers. The case of the shepherd in Juvenal I 107-8 is not parallel.

[247] _Memor_ II 5 § 2. See _Vect_ 4 § 22 for suggested employment of free citizens or aliens.

[248] _Vectigalia_ ch 4 _passim_.

[249] _Cyrop_ VII 5 § 67, VIII 3 §§ 36-41.

[250] _Cyrop_ IV 4 §§ 5-12, VII 5 §§ 36, 73.

[251] _Cyrop_ VIII 1 §§ 43-4.

[252] Cited from Kock’s edition 1880-8.

[253] _Menandrea_, ed Körte 1910, Teubner.

[254] Fragments 100-24. From other plays, 294, 387.

[255] Cratinus 81, Pherecrates 212.

[256] e.g. Antiphanes 265, Philemon 227, Menander 581, etc.

[257] Philemon 95.

[258] Philemon 213, Menander 68, 716, Hipparchus 2.

[259] Menander 14, Posidippus 23 with Kock’s note.

[260] Pherecrates 10, Crates 14.

[261] Nicophon 13, 14.

[262] Athenaeus VI pp 263, 267 _e_-270 _a_.

[263] Menandrea pp 159-61 (fragments of Γεωργός).

[264] Menandrea pp 157, 159.

[265] _opus cit_ and Menander 97 Kock. For ἄγροικος connoting simplicity cf 794 ἄγροικος εἶναι προσποιεῖ πονηρὸς ὤν.

[266] Menandrea p 155, 96 Kock.

[267] Menandrea p 15 (lines 26, 40).

[268] Menandrea p 13 (line 12, cf 111).

[269] Menandrea p 5.

[270] Menandrea p 25.

[271] Kock III p 473 (adespota 347).

[272] Lucian, Timon 7, 8. Kock adesp 1434, note.

[273] Menander 795.

[274] Menander 642.

[275] Menander 408.

[276] Menander 63, τὰ κακῶς τρέφοντα χωρί’ ἀνδρείους ποιεῖ.

[277] Stobaeus _flor_ LVI 16 preserves an utterance of Socrates on labour, especially agricultural labour, as the basis of wellbeing, in which he remarks that ἐν τῇ γεωργίᾳ πάντα ἔνεστιν ὦν χρείαν ἔχομεν.

[278] ἰδιωτῶν Aristotle _Pol_ II 7 § 1.

[279] Arist _Pol_ II 6 § 13, 12 § 10.

[280] Arist _Pol_ II 7 § 6 and Newman’s note.

[281] Arist _Pol_ II 7, 8.

[282] In _Thucydides and the history of his age_ chapters III-VII.

[283] _Politics_ III 13 § 2.

[284] See Newman on Ar _Pol_ II 7 § 7.

[285] Ar _Pol_ II 6 § 13.

[286] Ar _Pol_ II 12 § 10.

[287] Ar _Pol_ II 7 §§ 3-7.

[288] _Pol_ II 7 _passim_.

[289] _Pol_ II 7 §§ 14, 15.

[290] μυρίανδρον _Pol_ II 8 §§ 2, 3, with notes in Newman.

[291] ‘Artisan’ is not quite = τεχνίτης. All professional work is included.

[292] _Pol_ II 7 §§ 8, 9. The probable influence of Spartan precedents is pointed out in Mr Newman’s note.

[293] See the valuable discussion in Grundy _op cit_