CHAPTER XXXIV

MARBOD, BISHOP OF RENNES, 1035—1123

Career of Marbod—Relation of his _Liber lapidum_ to the prose _Evax_—Problem of Marbod’s sources—Influence of the _Liber lapidum_—Occult virtue of gems—_Liber lapidum_ meant seriously—_De fato et genesi_.

“_Nec dubium cuiquam debet falsumque videri Quin sua sit gemmis divinitus insita virtus; Ingens est herbis virtus data, maxima gemmis._” —_Marbod, Liber lapidum._

[Sidenote: Career of Marbod.]

Of medieval Latin Lapidaries the earliest and what also seems to have been the classic on the subject of the marvelous properties of stones is the _Liber lapidum seu de gemmis_ by Marbod, bishop of Rennes,[3063] who lived from 1035 to 1123 and so had very likely completed this work before the close of the eleventh century. Indeed one manuscript of it seems to date from that century[3064] and there are numerous twelfth century manuscripts. These early manuscripts bear his name and the style is the same as in his other writings. Born in the county of Anjou, Marbod attended the church school there, became the schoolmaster himself from 1067 to 1081, during which time he probably composed the _Liber lapidum_, then served as archdeacon under three successive bishops, and finally himself became a bishop in 1096. He attended church councils in 1103 and 1104 and died in September, 1123, in an Angevin monastery, whose monks issued a eulogistic encyclical letter on that occasion, while two archdeacons celebrated his integrity, learning, and eloquence in admiring verse. Marbod’s own productions are also in poetical form. It is interesting to note that despite his early date he was eulogized not as a lone man of letters in an uncultured age but as “the king of orators, although at that time all Gaul resounded with varied studies.”

[Sidenote: Relation of the _Liber lapidum_ to the prose _Evax_.]

The _Liber lapidum_ is a Latin poem of 734 hexameters describing sixty stones. In the opening lines Marbod writes:

“Evax, king of the Arabs, is said to have written to Nero, Who after Augustus ruled next in the city.[3065] How many the species of stones, what names, and what colors, From what regions they came, and how great the power of each one.”

Making use of this worthy book, Marbod has decided to compose a briefer account for himself and a few friends only, believing that he who popularizes mysteries lessens their majesty. As a result of this opening line and the fact that in some manuscripts Marbod’s own name is not given, his poem is sometimes listed in the catalogues as the work of Evax.[3066] There is also, however, extant a work in Latin prose which opens, “Evax, king of Arabia, to the emperor Tiberius greeting.”[3067] But as this prose work is not much longer than Marbod’s poem, and seems to be known only from a single manuscript of the fourteenth century, it is doubtful if it is the work which he professed to abbreviate. This prose work is also ascribed to Amigeron or Damigeron,[3068] to whom we have already seen that the author of _Lithica_ was supposed to be indebted and whose name was regarded as that of a famous magician. After alluding to the magnificent gifts which the emperor had sent to Evax by the centurion Lucinius Fronto and offering this book in return, the author of the prose version lists seven stones appropriate, not, strangely enough, to the seven planets, but to seven of the signs of the zodiac.[3069] Fifty chapters are then devoted to as many stones, beginning with _Aetites_, which is twenty-fifth in Marbod’s list, and ending with _Sardo_, while _Sardius_ comes tenth in Marbod’s poem. Marbod’s own order, however, sometimes varies in the manuscripts.[3070]

[Sidenote: Problem of Marbod’s sources.]

King, and Rose after him, asserted[3071] that despite Marbod’s professed abridgement of a work which Evax was supposed to have presented to Tiberius, he drew largely from Isidore of Seville’s _Etymologies_. Rose thought that some of the descriptions of stones were from Solinus, the rest from Isidore, but that the account of their virtues was from Evax. King also noted occasional extracts from the Orphic work, _Lithica_, which is not surprising in view of the fact that both Evax and the _Lithica_ seem based on Damigeron. This question of sources and ultimate origins is, however, as usual of relatively little moment to our investigation. My own impression would be that in antiquity and the middle age there exists a sort of common fund of information and stock of beliefs concerning gems which naturally is drawn upon and appears in every individual treatise upon them. But the number of gems discussed and the order in which they are considered or classified varies with each new author, and there is apt to be a similar variation in the number of statements made concerning any

## particular stone and the way in which these are arranged. In fine, all

ancient and medieval accounts of the natures and virtues of stones bear a general resemblance to one another which is more impressive than is the similarity between any two given accounts, and testify to a consensus of opinion and to a common learned tradition concerning gems which is more significant than the possible borrowings of individual authors from one another.

[Sidenote: Influence of the _Liber lapidum_.]

However, there seems to be little doubt that the poem of Marbod is itself an outstanding work among medieval accounts of precious stones, first because of the early date of its authorship, and second because of its late persistence and popularity, which is indicated by the fourteen editions that appeared after the invention of printing.[3072] Its convenient form perhaps accounts to a considerable extent for its popularity. At any rate the manuscripts of it are numerous, and it was much used by subsequent writers of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, although citations of _Lapidarius_ cannot always be assumed to refer to Marbod. But at least the notions concerning gems which we find in his poem are a fair sample of what we should find in any Latin treatment of the same subject for several centuries to come. It is found also in a medieval French version.

[Sidenote: Occult virtue of gems.]

It does not make much difference where we begin or what stones we select from Marbod’s list as examples, since the same sort of marvelous powers are ascribed to all of them. In his prologue Marbod describes the occult virtues of gems as those “whose hidden cause gives manifest effects.” No one should doubt them or think them false, “since the virtue in gems is divinely implanted. Enormous virtue is given to herbs, but the greatest to gems.”

Adamant, hard as it is, cracks when heated with goat’s blood. It counteracts the action of the magnet. It is used in the magic arts and makes its bearer indomitable. It drives off nocturnal specters and idle dreams. It routs black venom, heals quarrels and contentions, cures the insane, and repels fierce foes.

Allectory, found inside cocks, slakes thirst. Milo overcame other athletes, and kings have won battles by its aid. It restores promptly those who have been banished, enables orators to speak with a flow of language, makes one welcome on every occasion, and endears a wife to her husband. It is advised to carry it concealed in the mouth.

The sapphire nourishes the body and preserves the limbs whole. Its bearer, who should be most chaste, cannot be harmed by fraud or envy and is unmoved by any terror. It leads those in bonds from prison. It placates God and makes Him favorable to prayers. It is good for peace-making and reconciliation. It is preferred to other gems in hydromancy, since prophetic responses can be obtained by it. As for medicinal qualities, it cools internal heat, checks perspiration, powdered and applied with milk it heals ulcers, cleanses the eyes, stops headache, and cures diseases of the tongue.

Gagates, worn as an amulet, benefits dropsy; diluted with water, it prevents loose teeth from falling out; fumigation with it is good for epileptics and it is thought to be hostile to demons; it remedies indigestion and constipation and overcomes magical illusions (_praestigia_) and evil incantations. Also

_Per suffumigium mulieri menstrua reddit_

* * * * *

_Et solet, ut perhibent, deprehendere virginitatem. Praegnans potest aquam triduo qua mersus habetur Quo vexabatur partum cito libera fundit._

Gagates burns when washed with water; is extinguished by anointing it with olive oil.

The magnet is especially used in the illusions of magic. The great Deendor is said to have first used it, realizing that there was no more potent force in magic, and after him the famous witch Circe employed it. Among the Medes experience revealed still further virtues of the stone. It is used to test a wife’s chastity while she is sleeping; if she is unchaste, she will fall out of bed when the gem is applied to her head. A burglar can commit theft unmolested by sprinkling it over hot coals and so driving away all the occupants of the house.

In the case of _Chelonitis_ Marbod’s account is very similar to that in Pliny’s _Natural History_,[3073] citing the Magi for the power of divination it bestows when carried under the tongue at certain times of the moon, according to whose phases its power varies. Of the gems hitherto described only in the case of adamant and gagates was there any resemblance between Marbod and Pliny and there only partial.

Pliny also briefly states that the stone _diadochos_ resembles beryl, but does not have Marbod’s statements that it is employed in water divination to show varied images of demons, “nor is there other stone stronger to evoke shades.” But if by chance it comes in contact with a corpse, it loses its wonted force, since the stone is sacred and abhors dead bodies.[3074]

[Sidenote: _Liber lapidum_ was meant to be taken seriously.]

The vast powers, not only medicinal and physical, but of divination and magic, over the mind and affections, miraculous and supernatural, even over God, as in the statement that the sapphire can be employed to secure a more favorable answer to prayer, which Marbod assigns to gems without a sign of scruple or scepticism or disapproval on his part, have so shocked some moderns that suggestions have been made, in order to explain away the acceptance of talismanic powers of gems to such a degree by a Christian clergyman who became a bishop, that Marbod must have composed his poem when quite young and lived to repent it, or that he regarded it merely as a poetical flight and exercise, not as an exposition of scientific fact. But wherefore then was it not only widely read in the literary twelfth century but also widely cited as an authority in the scientific and equally Christian thirteenth century? No; everyone else took it precisely as Marbod meant it, as a serious statement of the marvelous powers which had been divinely implanted in gems. And why should not God be more easily reached through the instrumentality of gems, since He had endowed them with their marvelous virtues? Marbod affirms his own faith in the great virtues of gems not only at the beginning but the close of his poem, stating that while some have doubted the marvelous properties attributed to them, this has been due to the fact that so many imitation gems are made of glass, which deceive the unwary but of course lack the occult virtues of the genuine stones. If the stones are genuine and duly consecrated, the marvelous effects will without a doubt follow.

[Sidenote: _De fato et genesi._]

Marbod’s belief in the almost boundless talismanic virtues of gems is thrown into the higher relief by the fact that in another of his poems he makes an attack upon genethlialogy or the prediction of the entire life of the individual from the constellations at his birth. In _De fato et genesi_ he writes against “the common notion” (_opinio vulgi_) that all things are ruled by fate, that the hour of nativity controls man’s entire life, and the contention of the _mathematici_ that the seven planets control not only the external forces with which man comes in contact but also human character. He objects to such a doctrine as that, when Venus and Mars appear in certain relations to the sun, the babe born under that constellation will be destined to commit incest and adultery in later life. He objects that such beliefs destroy all the foundations of morality, law, and future reward or punishment; contends that there are certain races which never commit adultery or crime, yet have the same seven planets; and argues that since Jews are all circumcised on the eighth day, they should all have the same horoscope. These are familiar contentions, at least as old as Bardesanes. Marbod declares further that the astrological writer, Firmicus, employs “infirm arguments,” and that his own horoscope, taken according to Firmicus’ methods and interpreted likewise, turned out to be false, “as I proved when once I dabbled in that art.” This is interesting as showing that Gerard of York[3075] was not the only bishop of the eleventh century who was acquainted with the work of Julius Firmicus Maternus, and that even opponents of astrology are apt to have once been dabblers in it. Marbod concludes his poem with this neat turn:

“I thought I ought to write these lines briefly against genethlialogy. Nevertheless, that I may not seem to repel fate and horoscope utterly, I assert that my fate is the Word of the supreme Father, By Whom should all things be ruled and all men confess; And I say that the computation of my constellation is innate in me And the liberty by which I can tend whither I will. Therefore, if my will shall be in conjunction with reason In the sign of the Balances with Christ regarding me, All things will turn out prosperously for me here and everywhere:— This is the favorable horoscope of all Christ’s followers.”

GENERAL INDEX

Names of men of learning will be found for the most part in the bibliographical index.

Aaron, 357, 379, 464, 507

Abacus, 698, 704

Abbreviation, 135, 500, 624

Abdomen, diseases of, 577

Abimelech, 399

Abortion, 61, 94

Abraham the patriarch, astrology and science of 350, 353, 355, 411, 703; magic use of name of, 437, 449, 726

Abraxas, 371, 379

_Abrotonum_, an herb, 495

Abscess, 93

Abstinence from animal food, 295, 308, 314

Academy, the, 268, 270, 602

Accusation of magic against, Galen, 125, 165-7; alchemists, 194; Apuleius, 222, 232-40; Apollonius of Tyana, 246; the emperor Julian, 318; Jews, 337, 436-9; Christ and Christians, 337, 383, 395-6, 415, 424, 433, 436-9, 463, 465, 505; pagans, 415; philosophers, 416; heretics, 415, 424; Origen, 461; Priscillian, 380-1, 519-20; Libanius, 538; Bede, 635; Gerbert, 704-5; Constantinus Africanus, 744, 755; Dunstan, 773

Achilles, ghost of, 264; master of, 597

Aconite, 74, 171

Acorn, 740

Acoustics, 185

Acron, 56

Adalbert, bishop of Bremen, 773

Adam, first man, 681

Adamant, 81, 294, 636; swords of, 253, 258; breakable by goat’s blood, 56, 85, 511, 588, 779; by lead, 657

Adder, 279, 721

Adonai, 365, 367, 451, 583, 726

Adrianaion, 434

Adultery, discovery of, 364, 644

Advertising, 186

Aeetes, 329

Aegina, 86, 301

Aelian, a consul, 262

Aemilianus, 224

Aeon, 363-4, 378, 383, 411

Aerimancy or Aeromancy, 344, 629

Aesculapius, shrine of, 283, 329, 379; and see other index

_Aetites_, a gem, 257, 329, 330, 581, 777

_Affroselinum_, 765

Agate, 294, 721

Agathodaemon, 173, 292, 379, 587, 661; and see other index

Aglaides, 431

Aglaonice, 203

_Agnus castus_, an herb, 756

_Agnus Dei_, 737

Agricultural magic, 21, 70, 79-80, 93-4, 216, 219, 294, 604-5, 626

Ague, 536

Air, importance of pure, 142, 151; pressure of, 188; experiments with, 190-2; and continuity of universe, 206; star in, 478

Albicerius, 518

Alchemy, Egyptian, 12-3; Greek, 59, 131, 193-200, 320, 544-5, 764; Pliny, 81, 193; Arabic and Latin, chap. xxxiii, 368, 398, 649, 663-4, 669-70, 697, 757, 773

Alcmaeon, 324

Alcohol, 468, 765

Alcoholism, 253

Alexander the Great, chap. xxiv, 186, 496, 602; and see other index

Alexander of Abonutichus, 277-8

Alexander V, pope, 106

Alexandria, as a center of ancient learning, 27, 39, 48, 105, 109, 123, 145, 187, 224, 291, 318, 348, 449, 541, 552, 763; dissection at, 147; measures of, 144; relations with India, 245; in the pseudo-Clementine _Homilies_, 404, 408

Alexandrina, golden, 739

Alexandrinus Olympius, 300

Alive, taken from, 580, 591; burned, see Crab

Allectory, a gem, 779

Allegory and allegorical interpretation, in alchemy, 195-8; of the Bible, 350, 479, 484, 633; in zoology, 396, 500, 502; miscellaneous, 545, 626; and see Symbolism

Almanac, 318

Almond, 78

Aloaeus, see Eloeus

Alphabet in magic and divination, 197, 370, 380, 592, 664, 711; and see Vowel

Alphabetical order, 166, 176, 606, 610

Alpheus, river, 102

Altar, 80, 239, 295, 378

Alum, 765

Amazons, 114, 564, 603

Ambassador, see Embassy

Amber, 49, 213

American Indians, 16-17

_Amiantus_, a gem, 81, 213

Ammon, the god, 546, 553, 561-2

Ammon (or, Hammon), King of Egypt, 291

Ammonia, 571

Amnael, an angel, 195

_Amor aquae_, 764

Amulet, Egyptian, 10; in Pliny, 70, 77, 81, 85, 87, 89, 92; in Galen, 166, 172-3, 176; in Plutarch, 204, 294; Gnostic, 380; Aristotle represented as an adept in, 563; post-classical and early medieval medicine, 572, 580, 755; Arabic, 655-6; and see Ligatures and suspensions

Amusements, ancient, 137, 486

Anaesthetics, 142, 626

Anastasius, Pope, 461

Anatomy, of Galen, 145-51; Empirics hostile to, 157; of Rasis, 668

Andrew, St., legend of, 435

Andronicus, the prefect, 542

Anemone, 65

Angel, see Spirit

Angitia, 329

Anglo-Saxon, manuscripts, chap. xxix, 597, 612-3; medicine, chap. xxxi

_Angobatae_, 188

Animal, incapable of magic, 4; in early Greek religion, 23; habits, intelligence, jealousy, and remedies employed by, 26, 57, 73-5, 217-8, 254, chap. xii, 460, 490, 574, 626; use of parts of, 11, 20, 67-70, 75-6, 87, 133, 167, 229, 587, 606, 721, 740, 755, 766; living in fire, 240; sacred, 311; minute, 275; in art, 502; breeding and horoscopes of, 516; and see Abstinence from animal food, Gods, Language, Sculpture, Transformation, and the names of individual animals

Anise, 229

Annacus, king, 340

Annunciation, 263

Anonymity, 133, 728

Ant, 71-2, 75, 81, 98, 329, 331; Indian, 636

Anthemius of Tralles, 575

Anthropology, 300

_Anthropos_, Gnostic, 380

Antichrist, 417

Antidote, 130, 154, 253, 441, 494

Antimony, 735

Antioch, 254, 296, 404, 421, 428, 431, 472, 662, 747

Antipathy, 84, 173, 213, 217, 219, 239, 581, 605

Antiphon, an interpreter of omens, 562

Antipodes, 219, 480-1

_Antiscia_, 537

Anubion, 420

Ape, 148, 256; and see Cynocephalus

Apelles the painter, 55

Apollo, 23, 93, 212, 253, 294, 317, 326, 371, 429, 735

Apollobeches, 58

Apollonius of Tyana, chap. viii, 165, 244, 288, 295, 390, 435, 465

Apoplexy, 536

Apothecary, 84, 129

Apparatus, magical, 28, 190; and see Magic, materials

Apparition, 66, 68, 204, 208, 215, 437-8, 455, 496, 509-10, 779; and see Spirit

Appion, 419-20; and see Apion in other index

Appius, friend of Cicero, 270

Applied science, ancient, chap. v, 408; early medieval, chap. xxxiii

Aquila, disciple of Peter, chap. xvii

Aquileia, 124

Arab, Arabia, and Arabic, early poetry, 6; drugs and spices from, 84, 129, 765; Apollonius of Tyana in, 261, 295; magic of, 280; home of the Magi, 476; learning, 31, 159, 174, 189, 578, chaps. xxviii, xxx, xxxii; and see Middle Ages, Translations

Arcadia, 214, 249, 283

_Archiater_, 125, 161, 536

Architecture, 122, chap. v

Archon, see Spirit

Arcturus, 331, 636

Arena, 133, 147; and see Gladiator

Areobindus, a consul, 607

Arethusa, 102

_Argemon_, an herb, 79

_Ariolus_, 629

_Aristochia_, an herb, 615

Arithmetic, 126, 319, 619, 628, 704

Armenian, 351, 374, 497, 554

Arms and armor, 344

Aromatics, 311; and see Spice, Unguent

Arrow, extracted, 756; poisoned, 767

Art and the Arts, magic and, 6, 28; standards of, 187, 407; early medieval, chap. xxxiii; and see Artisan and the names of various arts

Artemis Tauropolos, 429

Artemisia, 89

Artery, 147

Artisan, 482, 486

_Aruspex_, see _Haruspex_

Asbestos, 213-4, 434

Ascension, of Romulus, 274; of Simon Magus, 422

Ascetic, see Monasticism

Asclepius, a god, 253, 277, 546, 735; and see other index

Ash, tree, 86

Ashes, reduced to, 68, 80, 91, 170, 571-4, 581, 586-8, 590, 721

Ashthroat, an herb, 722

Asp, 57, 85, 324, 494, 571, 580, 587, 626

Asparagus, 599

Asphalt, 132, 574

Asphodel, 88

Ass, 76, 88, 230, 275, 326, 367, 734, 740

Assurbanipal, 15, 27

Assyria, magic of, 11, 15-20, 58, 295, 629; bibliography, 33-5

Astanphaeus, 365, 367

Asthma, 76

Astral theology, 15, 17, 360-1; and see Astrology, Star

Astrolabe, 115, 501, 542, 559, chap. xxx, 728

Astrological medicine, 179, 575, 633, 738

Astrology, chaps, iii, ix, xi, xv, xxix, xxx; also, Egyptian, 13-4; Sumerian or Chaldean, 15-7, and see Chaldean; Greek, 22, 25-6; Pliny, 91, 94-7; popular Roman, 127, 285; Galen, 127, 166, 178; Greek philosophy and, 180-1; Vitruvius, 184-5, 187; Hero, 193; alchemy and, 197; Plutarch, 207, 209; Apuleius, 231, 239-40; Brahmans, 253; Lucian, 282-3; Nechepso, Petosiris, and Manetho, 292-3; Solinus, 330; Horapollo, 333; Hermes, 290-2; Enoch, 340-1; Philo Judaeus and Jewish, 353-6; Pseudo-Clement, 410-3; church fathers, 444, 455-8, 464, 466, 471-5, 492; Augustine, 513-21; Firmicus, 529-38; Pseudo-Quintilian, 540; Synesius, 543; Nectanebus, 560-3; Alexander of Tralles, 583; _Herbarium of Apuleius_, 598; _Geoponica_, 604-5; Boethius, 621-2; Isidore, 632-3; Arabic, 644-52, 661-6, 670; Salernitan, 738; Constantinus Africanus, 756; Marbod, 781-2; alchemy and, 763; magic and, 300, 432, 464, 538, 540; and see Christ, birth of; Image; Magi; Planet; Star

Astronomy, of Egypt, 13, 542, 545, 559; Tigris-Euphrates, 15-6, 34; India, 31; Greek, 31-2; benefits of, 47, 96; of Ptolemy, 105, 107; and architecture, 122, 185; history of, 366, 707; miscellaneous, 219, 395, 520, 536, 663, 704

Atavism, 141

Atheism, 234

Athens, 28, 95, 142, 217, 230, 249, 429; as center of learning, 135, 200, 222, 242, 269, 277, 538, 541, 602

Athlete, 186, 248, 486

Atlas, Mt., 54

Atom, Atomic theory, Atomism, 140, 169, 178, 205, 408

Attalus, king of Pergamum, 135, 171

Attalus III, 236

Augury, in Assyria, 17; Rome, 95; Seneca, 103; Galen, 171; denied by Atomists, 178; accepted by Stoics, 180; Neo-Platonists, 315; Jews and early Christians on, 352, 458-9, 466, 511, 513, 534, 630; miscellaneous, 560, 629, 673, 705

Auspices, 430, 629

Authority and Authorities, attitude to, citation by, Pliny, 46, 49, 75; Ptolemy, 107; Galen, 118, 152-8, 167; Vitruvius, 186-7; Zosimus, 198; bogus, 215; Cicero, 270; Solinus, 327-8; Hippolytus, 469; Firmicus, 537; Aëtius, 570; Marcellus, 585-6; medieval freedom with, 611; Macer, 614; Isidore, 624-5; Petrocellus, 734; miscellaneous, 32, 215, 778

Automaton, 188, 192, 230, 440

Axle-grease, 92

Baal, priest of, 386

Babel, 453

Babylon and Babylonia, 11, 14-21, 23-4, 31, 33-5, 95, 97, 227, 239, 247-8, 266, 283, 360-1, 376, 383-4, 414, 527, 537, 652, 661, 744

Bagdad, 661-2, 667, 744, 762

Balaam, prophet or magician? 267, 352-3, 385, 445-8, 459; and the Magi, 385, 444, 474, 479, 519

Balach or Balak, 447

Baldness, 536

_Balis_, an herb, 75

Balsam, 392, 738

Baptism, 368, 373, 405, 408, 432

Barbarians, 148, 376, 445, 449, 619, 638

Barbarossa, see Frederick I

Barber, 229

Barcelona, 699

Barefoot, 599

Barley, 88; water, 143

_Baroptenus_, a gem, 81

_Barrocus_, an herb, 615

Basilica at Fano, 187

Basilides, the heretic, 372

Basilisk, 67, 70, 75, 169, 494, 573, 603, 626, 636; and cock, 324, 771

Basilius the magician, 639

Basin, 560

Bat, 68-9, 159, 331, 587

Bath, 142-3, 281, 587, 676, 729; public, 140, 295, 434-5; sea, 231-2, 405

Battle predicted, 275

Bayeux Tapestry, 502, 675

Bean, 591

Bear, 75, 92, 219, 367, 490; licks cubs into shape, 168, 177, 331; constellation of the, 179

Beard, 416

Beast, name of the, 582

Beasts, wild, 216, 229, 564, 669; dealers in, 133

Beauty, 300, 486

Beaver, 502, 636; castration of, 231, 332, 574

Bed-bug, 68, 85, 89, 175

Bee, 76, 85, 219, 615, 636, 721; and see Honey

Beech tree, 213

Beetle, 81, 219, 581

Behbit el-Hagar, 559

Behemoth, 346-7, 367

Bektanis, 559

Bell, church, 722

Bellerophon, 282

Bell’s palsy, 738

Belt, see Girdle

Bemarchius, rival of Libanius, 538

Berenice, 463, 558

Beryl, 780

Bethlehem, star of, see Christ, birth of; Magi, who came to Christ child

Betony, 77, 86, 737

Bibliography, of Pliny, 46, 215; Isidore, 623; Peter the Deacon, 746

Bile, 171, 177

Bird, 73, 78, 80, 201, 218, 236, 325, 460, 544; rite of strangling, 301; mechanical, 192, 266; and see Augury and the names of individual birds

Birth-control, 94

Birth-mark, 713

Bishop, 542

Bishopwort, 722

Bitumen, 571, 574, 603

Bituminous trefoil, 175

Black, 68, 175, 582, 591

Bladder, 536, 599, 769

Bleeding, 75, 125, 141-2, 162, 177, 576, 676, 679, 681, 684-5, 688, 724, 728, 735, 737-8

Blind, 536, 590

Blood, miraculous, 231; human, use of, 61, 102, 175, 227, 581, 603, 629, 721; human, and the moon, 98, 146, 391; circulation of, 409, 430; of various animals used, 86-7, 89, 131, 159, 166, 175, 587, 590, 727, 729, 737, 766-7; and see Adamant, Bleeding, Hemorrhage

Blotch, 640

Boar, 69, 92, 580, 599

Boëthus, 134

Boil, 88

Bones, stuck in throat, 71, 583; number in body, 372; prehistoric, 407; use of, 573, 583, 656

Book, trade in Roman empire, 134-5; magic, 432, 435, 472, 505, 705; loss of, 752

Bordeaux, 568

Borellus, duke, 704

Botany, 20, 65, 129, 343, 463; and see Herb

Box, 229, 250

Boy, in divination and magic, 81, 239, 249, 416-9, 463; and peony, 173

Bracelet, 81, 89

Brahmans, 248-54, 258, 266, 376, 407, 410, 412, 450-1, 556, 564

Brain, center of nervous system, 145-6; cavities of, 659-60, 735; inflammation of, 536; of various animals used, see names of individual animals

Bread, 89, 424; blessing and breaking, 727

Breastplate of high priest, 495

Breath and breathing, 134, 146, 207, 658

Brindisi, 764

Britain and Briton, 59, 141, 206-7, 376, 489

Bronze, 764

Buddha, 251

Bugloss, viper’s, an herb, 722

_Buglossa_, an herb, 615

Bull, 79, 86, 168, 261, 367, 599, 765-6; tamed by fig-tree, 77, 213, 332, 626

Bulrush, 92

_Buprestis_, 77, 494

Burial, magic, 69-70, 80, 88, 662, 666; alive, 421

Burned to death, 433, 571, 639

Business, 97, 107, 128, 248, 666; early Christian attitude to, 494

Butter, 154, 721-2

Byzantine, 189, 194-5, 323, 398, 482, 555, 569, 607, 732, 745, 761-2

Cabbage, 86, 175

Cabbala, 7, 365

Caesarea, 404-6

Cairo, 8

Calchas, 271

_Calculus_, 536

Calendar, 13-4, 327, 345, 676, 686, 712

Calf, 150, 571

Caligula, emperor, 193, 349

Caliph, 607, 653, 670, 745

_Camaleon_, 600; and see Chameleon

Camel, 396, 636

Campus Martius, 424-5

Canal, Isthmian, 262

Candelabrum, 380

Candle, magic, 87, 380, 385, 469

Candlestick, seven-branched, 385, 676

Cannibal, 61-2, 573

Canute, king, 351

Carolingian, 616, 635

Carpenter, 393

_Carpesium_, a drug, 132

Carpocrates, a heretic, 371

Cart rut, 81, 88-91, 721

Carthage, 222, 269, 553, 744

Carton, 129

Carystus, 213

Cask, 767-8

Caspian Sea, 489

Castoria, 739

Cat, 68, 636

Cataract, in eye, 175, 729

Catarrh, 82, 88-9, 142, 176

Caterpillar, 80

Cathedral, 501-2, 761

_Catochites_, a gem, 330

Caul of an ox, 469

Cauldron, 468

Cauterization, 536, 723

Cecrops, 415

Cedar, 20

_Celidonius_, see Swallow-stone

Celt and Celtic, 245, 567-8, 722, 732

Cemetery, 434

Cenchrea, 136

Centaur, 603; and see Chiron in other index

Centipede, 76, 494, 587

Cerberus, 280

Ceremonial, Egypt, 10; Assyria, 18, 20; Pliny, 64, 69, 71, 77-82, 90; Apuleius, 230, 235; Orphic, 295; rite of strangling birds, 301; Gnostic, 378; Marcellus, 590-2; Arabic, 663; medieval medicine, 726; and see Herb, plucking of; Spirit, invocation of; etc.

Chalcite, 132

Chaldean (mostly mere mentions of), 16-7, 98, 102, 185, 201, 230, 239, 250, 253, 272-4, 279, 281, 287, 316, 323, 353, 375-6, 380, 399, 430, 444, 456, 469, 476, 479, 519, 560, 632, 703, 711, 744

_Chalkydri_, 347

Cham, see Ham

Chameleon, 62, 175, 581

Chance, experience, 36, 75, 156, 172, 754; and fate, 210

Chaplet, 295

Characters, magic use of, 229, 257, 314, 317, 512, 579, 592-3, 604, 630, 645, 654, 724-30

Charicles, 232

Chariot, 423

Charlatan, 668-9; and see Old-wives

Charlemagne, 214, 556, 672, 764

Charon, 277

Chastisements, 204

Chastity, 78, 81, 83, 204, 216, 295, 308, 326, 564, 581, 588, 590, 599, 799-80; and see Virgin

Cheese, 142, 325, 509

Chelidonia and Chelidonius, see Swallow-wort and Swallow-stone

_Chelonitis_, a gem, 780

Chemical and Chemistry, 132-40, 467-9; and see Alchemy

Chick, 76, 754, 771; Aristotle on embryology of, 30, 146

Chickpea, 88

Child-bearing and Child-birth, 76, 78, 84, 87, 92, 94, 102, 175, 177, 216, 253, 260, 295, 325, 496, 581, 685, 713, 726, 738, 740; formation of child in womb, 150, 545, 557, 757; child born after eight months dies, 181, 356, 757; monstrous birth, 627; and see Abortion, Birth-control

Chimaera, 367

China and Chinese, 6-7, 214; and see Seres

Chiromancy, 386

Chneph or Chnuphis, 379

Chrism, 738

Christ, 137-9, 243, 363, 379, 386, 404-5, 422, 510, 527, 529, 620, 674-5, 782; accused of magic, see Accusation; birth of, and astrology, 386, 438, 457, 464, 471-9, 703; birth, virgin, 460; child, chap. xvi, 390; power of name of, 434, 452, 466, 638-9, 725, 729-30

Christian and Christianity, Book II, _passim_; 137, 139, 207, 275-6, 285, 296, 298, 306, 312, 320, 327, 554, 568, 584, 602, chap. xxvii, 642, 715; and see Religion, Theology

Christmas, 678

Chronology, 135, 209, 624, 711; and see Calendar

Church fathers, Book II, _passim_, 180, 225, 241, 302, 618

Cicada, 169

_Cinaedia_, 590

Cinnabar, 626, 761, 764

Cinnamon, 129-30, 256

Circe, 21, 65, 324, 434, 509, 629

Circle, magic, 78, 86-7, 91, 197, 281, 366, 599; squaring the, 706; Cardan’s concentric, 769

Circumcision, 449, 475, 781

Circus, 295, 486

City, fortune of, predicted, 273, 283; ancient, 489, 504; ideal, 349-50, 460

Civilization, magic and origin of, 5-6; Pliny as source for history of, 43

Clairvoyance, 647; and see Divination, natural

Clarus, 224

Classical heritage, 555, 618, 636; and see Middle Ages

Classics, superstition in, 21-4

Claudia, 55

Clay, animals, 393, 769; and see Pottery

Climate, 184

Cloak, virtue of, 397, 435

Clock, see Time

Clothing, virtue in, 136, 295, 382, chap. xvi, 407, 441, 534, 598, 666; and see names of various articles of

Clyster, 142

Cock, 168, 175, 320, 324-5, 766, 771, 779; cock-crow, 280, 405

Cog-wheel, 192

Cold, quality, 140, 161, 219; drink, 141; disease, 589

Colic, 87, 169, 579, 582, 590

Cologne, three kings of, 446, 477

_Colonus_, 638

Colony, Greek, 318

Color, discussed, 140, 486; changing, 216; in magic, 90, 367, 369, 590, 721; and see the names of individual colors

Combustible compounds, see Candle

Comedy, Greek, 22-4

Comet, 96, 115, 457, 543, 633, 635, 673

Commodus, emperor, 125, 129

Compass, points of, 91, 114, 378, 586, 591, 724

_Compotus_ or _Computus_, 536, 676-7, 728

Compound, magical or medicinal, 10, 83, 140, 152, 159-60, 172, 571, 586-7, 722, 734

Conception, 562, 656, 724, 740

_Condrion_, an herb, 74

Confederate, in magic fraud, 467

Conjunction, astrological, 104, 642, 648-9

Conjuration of an herb, 583; and see Incantation, Spirit, invocation of

Consecration, of a painted grape, 80; of gems, 295, 781; and see Holy

Constantine the Great, 525ff.

Constantine Monomachos, 745

Constantine Porphyrygennetos, 604

Constantius, emperor, 525ff.

Constans, emperor, 525ff.

Constantinople, 472, 477, 494, 533, 541; and see Byzantine

Constellation, 14, 114, 178, 304, 709

Constipation, 779

Consumption, 213, 373, 536, 588

Cook, 148

Copernican theory, 32

Copperas, 467

Coptic, 361, 377

Coral, 656

Cordova, 704, 762

Corinth, 123, 136, 230, 262, 280

Corn extracted, 71

Corpse, 147, 229, 309, 629, 780; and see Necromancy, Resurrection

Cosmetics, 152, 668

Cotton, 252

Couch, 561

Cough, 88, 176

Counter-irritant, 723

Cow, 77, 79, 81, 85, 325, 769

Crab, and snake, 99; river, use of eye of, 68-9; burned alive, 80, 178; use of ash of, 170, 572; stone in head of, 737

Crane, sentinel, 217; windpipe of, used in magic, 278, 467

Craw-fish, 217

Creation, 16, 346, 408, chap. xxi, 504-5, 627-8; position of stars at, 711, 713

Credulity and scepticism, chap. ix; in Pliny, 50-1, 61-4, 67, 70, 77, 80-1, 88, 98; Galen and the Empirics, 157-8, 168-9, 175; Seneca, 102-3; Plutarch, 204, 212-3; other cases, 225, 244, 255, 388, 440, 491-2, 539, 573-4, 626, 637, 655, 671, 780

Crete, 129, 135, 249, 260

Cricket, 67, 737

Crime and criminal, 147, 167, 171, 207, 225, 581; and see Magic, evil and criminal; Sin

Critical days, 158, 161, 164, 179-80, 356, 756

Crocodile, 74, 166, 218, 238, 280

Cropleek, 722

Cross, nail from, 280; in sky, 475; sign of, 432, 434, 466, 638-9, 722

Crow, 207, 314, 324, 409, 636, 655

Cruelty, 136, 225

Crystal, 294, 767

Cube, 184

Cuckoo, 81

Cummin seed, 93

Cuneiform, 15

Cup, Joseph’s divining, 386

Cupping glass, 192

Curlew, 217

Curse, 28, 93, 366, 434

Cynics, 277

_Cynocephalia_, an herb, 67

Cynocephalus, 70, 333

Cyprus, magic of, 59; oil of, 68; Galen’s visit to, 131-2

Cyrene, 541

Dacian, 597

Daedalus, 283

Daily life, magic in, 9-10, 20; experience from, 54

Danish, 612

Dardanus, a magician, 58-9, 463, 558

Darius, 256, 260

“Dark Ages,” 618

Date, the fruit, 20

Date, discussed of, Ptolemy, 105; Hero, 188; Greek alchemists, 193-4; works of Apuleius, 222-5; Solinus, 326-7; Horapollo, 331; Enoch literature, 341-2; apocryphal Gospels, 388-9; _Pseudo-Clementines_, 404-6; _Physiologus_, 497-9; Augustine, 504; _Mathesis_ of Firmicus, 526-7; Synesius, 541; Pseudo-Callisthenes and Julius Valerius, 552-5; Aëtius, 570; Marcellus, 584-5; early medieval pseudo-literature, 594-6; Macer, 612-3; Thebit, 661; introduction of Arabic alchemy, 773; and see Calendar,

Chronology, _Compotus_, Creation, Easter

Day, observance of, lucky and unlucky, 14, 21, 106, 383, 513, 582, 588, 590, 592, 661, chap. xxix, 721, 725, 727, 754; and see Critical; Egyptian; Moon, day of; Planetary week

Dead Sea, 138

Deaf, 536

Decans, 178, 291, 315, 376, 453

Deendor, a magician, 780

Deer, 68, 70, 74, 84, 94, 207, 294, 324, 586, 734

Degree, academic, 619; medical, 751-2

Delirium, 536

Delphic oracle, 201, 266, 283, 326, 538, 582

Demeter, 429

Demigod, 546

Demiurge, 212, 383

Demon, see Spirit

Dentistry, 12; and see Tooth

Depilatories, see Hair

Deroldus, bishop, 733

Desert, herbs in, 54

Desiderius, abbot, 747

Design, argument from, 139, 148, 408, 490

Desire, as a factor in magic, 644

Deucalion, 341

_Devotio_, see Curse

Dew, 102

Diacastoria, 739

_Diadochos_, a gem, 780

Diagram, 366-7, 674

Dialectic, 420, 439, 536

Diana, 130

Dice, 136, 486

Dick, Mr., 64

_Dictamnon_, see Dittany

Dictation, ancient, 45, 134

Dictionary, 599, 624

Dictynna, 249

Die, 582; and see Dice

Diet, 98, 137, 142, 159, 282, 414, 429, 577, 587, 668, 684, 735

Digestion, 137, 205, 585

Dinocrates, 186

Diocletian, emperor, 194

Diomedes, 330

Dionysius, an Egyptian, 440

Dionysus, the god, 251, 546

Dioptrics, 108

Dipsas, a snake, 172, 284, 494

Direction, observance of, in magic, 90-1, 666; and see Compass, Right, Left

Disease, 25, 98, 150, 208, 219, 310, 430, 434, 536; magic transfer of, 19, 61, 71, 79, 213, 588-9; and see Spirit, Woman, and the names of individual diseases

Dissection, 88, 134, 146-8, 164, 581, 746

Dittany, 218, 495

Dives and Lazarus, 448

_Divinatio_, a disease, 755; and see 150-1

Divination, chaps. ix, xxix, 86, 127, 143, 165, 180, 253, 285, 533, 539-40, 713; varieties listed, 560; in China, 6-7; Egypt, 13; Tigris-Euphrates, 17; India, 251; relation to magic, 5, 14, 17, 60, 226, 233, 295, 432, 512, 543, 629; by divine revelation, 205, 249, 314, 364, 533, and see Prophecy; by demons, 442-3, 510, 546; natural, 103, 205, 239, 305, 314, 318-9, 419, 518, 542-3; by animals, 315, 325-6, 490, and see Augury; by eating parts of animals, 70, 257, 314; by boys, 249, 418-9, 463; by enthusiasm, 180; by herbs, 66, 77, 614; by drinking or inhaling, 313; by Kalends, 677, 684; by lots, numbers, names, 112, 679, 682, 711, 713, and see Lot-casting; by polished surfaces, 774; by sounds, 313, 430; by stones, 70; by symbols, 166; by winds, 676, 678; and see Aerimancy, Cup, Dream, Geomancy, Haruspex, Hydromancy, Knot, Liver, Moon, Omen, Pyromancy, Sacrifice, Sieve, Selenomancy, Thunder

Dog, kennel, 69; jealous, 75; puppyhood, 150; omens from, 231; prescience of, 325; as symbol, 367; demons as, 435; and mandragora, 607; torn to pieces by, 277, 425; to stop bark or attack of, 77, 216, 249, 424, 605; disease transferred to, 88, 590-1; use of parts of, 68, 70, 89, 90, 159, 168-9, 573-4, 737, 755; mad, and bite of, 68, 82, 86, 131, 169, 178, 259, 263-4, 284, 373, 391, 572, 656, 713, 754

Dog-days, 572, 728, 756, 765

Dogmatism, 154, 159, 735

Dog-star, 66, 98, 178, 604

Dolphin, 55, 218, 260

Domitian, emperor, 249-50, 259-65

Door, used in magic, 71, 591; affected by magic, 226-7, 314, 449; trap, 469

Dorians, 219

Dositheus, 365, 417

Dove, 142, 168, 324, 332, 636, 740

_Draconites_, a gem, 75

Dragon, 75, 231, 257, 326, 367, 392, 429, 561, 603, 766; use of parts of, 68, 70; combat with elephant, 74, 257, 626; flying, 347

_Dragontes_, an herb, 614

Drama, and magic, 22-3, 324; liturgical, 476-7

Dream and divination from, in Egypt, 13-4; in cuneiform texts, 17; Pliny, 56, 81; Galen, 123, 154, 156, 166, 170, 177-80; Plutarch, 204, 205; Apuleius, 231; Apollonius, 260; Lucian, 283; Neo-Platonists, 314, 545; Philo, 354, 358; Pilate’s wife, 395; Origen, 459; Nectanebus, 560-2; Alkindi, 646; miscellaneous, 197, 329, 412, 434, 437, 459, 463, 487, 509, 534, 627, 671, 680-1, 720, 754, 763, 779

“Dream-senders,” 368

Dropsy, 69, 213, 536, 779

Drugs, 55, 61, 84, 89, 128, 132, 370, 467, 561, 668

Druid, 46, 59, 67, 79, 640

Drum, 204, 313

Dualism, 361, 409

Duck, 87-8

Dung, 68, 69, 86, 166, 168, 588, 656, 734, 740, 769

Dye, 324, 467, chap. xxxiii

Ea, a god, 18

Eagle, 87, 90, 176, 217, 257, 325-6, 332, 441, 496, 574, 636

Ear, 536

Earache, 169, 579, 755

Ear-wax, 721, 769

Earth, appeased, conjured, personified, and deified, 66, 79, 86, 251, 295, 583, 598; virtue of, 81, 88, 592, and see Cart rut, Terra sigillata; things not allowed to touch the ground, 70, 79, 81, 173, 582, 588; sphericity of, 480; miscellaneous, 211, 373; and see Burial, Land and Water, Underground

Earthquake, 97, 101, 250, 254, 264, 271, 430, 469, 562

Earthworm, 68-9, 89, 176, 573-4, 587, 720

Easter, 521, 677; mystery of, 677

Ebionites, 405

Ebony, 560

Echeneis, 212, 491, 626

Eclipse, 96, 98, 203-4, 209, 262, 333, 386, 564, 673

Editions, especially early printed, Pliny, 53; Ptolemy, 106, 110; Galen, 119; Solinus, 326; Firmicus, 525; Pseudo-Callisthenes and Julius Valerius, 551-2; _Letter of Alexander_, 555; post-classical medicine, 566-7, 577; _Herbarium of Apuleius_, 597; Ethicus, 601; _Geoponica_, 604; Dioscorides, 606-10; Macer, 612; Isidore, 623; Latin translations from Arabic, 642, 649ff., 653, 657, 665, 668, 716; _Regimen Salernitanum_, 736; Constantinus Africanus, chap. xxxii; treatises on arts, 760; Marbod, 775, 778

Education, as experienced or discussed by, Galen, 118-28; Vitruvius, 187; Plutarch, 200-1; Apuleius, 222-4; Lucian, 277; Christ child, 394; Cyprian, 429-31; Firmicus, 525; Synesius, 540-1; Bede, 634-5; Rasis, 667; Gerbert, 704; Constantinus, 744; Dunstan, 773; Marbod, 775

Eel, 491

Egg, shell, 54; test of freshness, 55; made by hiss of snakes, 67; addled by certain men, 83; so-called, of alchemy, 198; goose, 277; filled with dye, 467; portents from, 562, 773; raw, 729

Egypt, 7-14, 27-8, 30-1, 193-5, 198, 206, 228-30, 239, 248, 250, 287, 289, 300, 325, 331-4, 360, 376, 379, 391, 414-6, 430, 437-8, 446, 450, 452, 459, 503, 527, 537, 543, 558-60, 598, 744; and see Plagues of

Egyptian Days, 14, chap. xxix, 728

Elchasaites, 373

Elections, astrological, 372-3, 386, 517

Electrum, 590

Elements, various theories of, 25, 139, 157, 218, 254, 382, 408, 410, 478, 485, 488, 528-9, 622, 645, 720; not found in a pure state, 140, 489

Elephant, intelligence of, 73, 75, 169, 218, 256, 636; habits, 213, 322, 324, 332, 460; dissection of, 148; compared with fly, 408; white, 763; and see Dragon for combat with

Elephantiasis, 57, 170, 572

Eleusinian mysteries, 101, 148

Elijah, 386, 555

Elixir, 670

Eloeus, 365, 367

Eloi, 583

Elymas the sorcerer, 461

Elysian fields, 207

Embalming, magic in, 8

Embassy, of Philo, 349; Synesius, 541; Leo, 557

Embryology, see Chick, Child-birth

Emerald, 434, 656, 772

Emperor, Roman, 47, 50, 124, 129-30, 135, 176, 186, 194, 529; and see names of individual emperors

Empiric, _Empirica_, Empiricism, 56-7, 155-7, 172, 735, 754

_Empousa_, 310

Empyrean, see Heaven

Enceladus, 254

Encyclopedia, ancient, 43; Arabic, 663; medieval, 52, 569

Endor, witch of, 385, 448, 464, 469-71, 506, 509-10, 629, 635

Entrails, see Intestines, Liver divination

Ephesus, 259-62

Ephod, 448

Epic, 16, 18

Epicurean, 138, 150, 283, 408, 441

Epidaurus, 329

Epilepsy, 69, 87, 90, 173, 235, 238, 536, 578-81, 614, 723, 726, 730, 735-6, 754-6, 779

Epitome, 495, 554-5, 568-9, 594, 603ff.

Er, vision of, 212

Erataoth, a spirit, 367

Eretrians, 260

Eridu, 15

_Erigeron_, an herb, 89

_Erystion_, an herb, 598

Essenes, 405

Ether, 254, 373; and see Heaven

Ethics, 602

Ethiopia and Ethiopic, 141, 245, 256, 283, 327, 341, 345, 398, 435, 498, 554, 558-60, 654, 658, 744

Etruscan, 467, 630

Etymology, 625

Eucharist, 369

Eucrates, 280-1

Eugenianus, 133

Eugenics, 414

_Eumeces_, a gem, 81

Euphrates, a philosopher, 246, 253, 263; and see Tigris-

Eustachian tube, 576

Evangelists, four, 502, 674, 721

Eve, 350, 511, 681

Evil, problem of, 305, 309, 349; eye, see Fascination

Evolution, doctrine of, 149, 493

Ewe hop plant, 722

Excommunication, 542

Excrement, human, 74, 143, 573; and see Dung

Exercise, physical, 587

Exorcism, 18, 24, 280, 299, 368, 386, 435, 533-4, 682, 722

Experience, Experiment, Experimental method, and magic, 57, 431-2, 447, 469, 540; in Pliny, 53-7, 83, 88; Ptolemy, 106-7; Galen, 118, 121, 144-63, 169, 173, 175, 179; Vitruvius, 187; Hero, 190; Greek alchemists, 198; Plutarch, 213; Apuleius, 237; Simon Magus, 420-2; Firmicus, 532; post-classical medicine, 569, 573, 578-80, 583-7; Dioscorides, 606; Macer, 615; Arabic, 644-6, 657, 669; early medieval medicine, 734-5, 738, 753-4; arts and alchemy, 762, 765-70; and see Empiric, Observation

Eye complaints and cures, 56, 82, 87, 98, 166, 175, 289, 325, 490, 496, 536, 586, 589-90, 640, 670, 720, 755, 779; evil, see Fascination

Eyebrow, 151, 159, 175

Eyelash, 92, 151

_Facies_, astrological, 710, 716

Faith, requisite in magic, 644

Falernian wine, 132, 586

Familiar spirit, see Spirit

Family, 300

Famine, 603

Fascination, 71, 83, 217, 294, 324

Fasting, 78, 82, 93, 174, 593, 705

Fat, 67, 91, 130, 168, 755

Fate, 181, 240, 306, 310, 315-6, 353, 375, 620

Fates, three, 210, 565

Faust, Faustus, or Faustinianus, 404, 406, 413, 417

Feather, 70, 236

Fee, physician’s, 670, 684, 688, 740

Fennel, 722; tasted by snake, 74, 490, 626

Fern, 80, 769

Festival, 22, 107

Fever, 18, 49, 65-6, 71, 89, 91, 141, 536, 569, 575, 668, 720, 727, 759; and see Quartan, Tertian

Fibula, 301

Fifty, 356, 383

Fig-tree, see Bull, tamed by

Figure, 709-10; human, 723; and see Image, Mannikin, Statue

_Fili_, Irish, 640

Finger, middle, 589, 592; use of two, 583

Fire, the element, 88, 229, 310, 417; marvelous, 252, 256, 368; at Rome in 192 A. D., 125, 134; universal, 104; not burned by, 416

Fire engine, 192

Firmament, see Heaven; Waters above the

First-born, 581

Fish, 30, 49, 74, 77, 218, 236-7, 260, 325-6, 469, 589, 636, 657, 756

Five, 92, 169, 357, 383, 590

Flea, 605

Float, 192

Flood, 16, 340, 475, 493

_Florilegia_, 618

Fluxion, 583

Fly, insect, 76, 175, 408

Flying, 397; of Simon Magus, 416-7, 422-7

Foam, of snake, 67; horse, 70, 86, 589

Folk-lore, 300, 567, 587, 722-3, 732

Foot, 580; and see Barefoot

Form, 487, 542

Fossil shells, 493

Fotis, 229

Fountain, marvelous, 102, 318, 347, 546, 769

Four, 91, 356, 674-5, 728, 767

Fox, 80, 89, 90, 168, 490

Franklin, Benjamin, 414

Frederick I, Barbarossa, emperor, 477

Free-Masonry, 183

Free will, see Will

Frenzy, 755

Frog, 68, 80, 90, 92, 159, 168, 231, 491, 508, 588, 591, 656

Fruit, 85, 142, 599, 724

Fumigation, 69, 282, 512, 740, 779

Funeral, 214

Furnace, 81, 393, 434, 657, 764

Future life, 8, 25, 47; and see Soul, immortality of

Gabriel, angel, 343, 367, 447, 452, 454

_Gagates_, a gem, 154, 495, 724, 779

_Gaia Seia_, 599

_Galactis_, 294

_Galactites_, 329

Gall, 68, 71, 587, 726, 764-6

Gall nut, 467

Games, Greek national, 186, 201

Ganges, 258

_Garamantica_, a gem, 97

Garlic, 213, 722

Gas, 55, 142

Gate, city, 591, 600

Gaudentius, 404

Gaul, 46, 76, 92, 568, 597, 672, 776; and see Druid

Gazelle, 68, 70, 87

Gehenna, 367

Gem, Assyrian, 20; Pliny, 68, 70-1, 80-1; Apollonius, 254-8; Orphic, 293-6; Gnostic, 27, 378-80; Pseudo-Plutarch, 216; Solinus,328-9; St. John and, 398; Origen, 460; Epiphanius, 495-6; Augustine, 511; in medicine, 590; Pseudo-Dioscorides, 611, 654; _Geoponica_, 605; Isidore, 626-7; found in animals, 75, 294, 603, 737, 740, 755, 772, 779; Marbod, chap, xxxiv; and see Consecration; Image, engraved on; and names of individual gems

Genealogical table, 624

Generation, spontaneous, 86, 219, 238, 324, 509, 511; of various animals, 408-9, 460; in fire, 102, 324; human, 211; and corruption, 210; ruled by stars, 97; organs of, used in magic, 11, 68-9, 356; and see Child-birth, Conception, Eugenics, Private parts

Genethlialogy, 115, 273, 353, 412, 456, 513, 517, 560, 622, 629, 703, 708, 781

Genius, see Spirit, orders of

Gentiles, 479, 674, 771

Geocentric theory, 32, 105, 488

Geography, discussed by Pliny, 43-4; Ptolemy, 105-7; Philostratus, 244; Solinus, 327; other ancient, 488; Ethicus, 600-4; other medieval, 707

Geology, 493

Geomancy, 314, 343, 629, 648, 685

Geometry, 122-3, 126, 185, 318, 536, 542, 619, 663, 70

Gerard, archbishop of York, 689, 782

Germ of disease, 219

German, invaders, 148, 351; language, 498, 728; scholarship, 15-6, 30-1, 350, 684

Germany, 45, 557

Ghost, 233, 263, 280, 455, 540, 705; and see Necromancy; Endor, witch of

Giant, 254, 407, 430

Girdle or ungirded, 69, 87, 284, 512, 599

Girl, magic power of, 216; and see Virgin

Githrife, an herb, 722

Gladiator, 124, 149, 581, 673

Glass, Egyptian, 12; Roman, 590, 762; medieval, 729, 764-7; gems of, 781; and see Stained

Glaucon, 143, 161

_Glossopetra_, a gem, 98

Glue, 765

Gnostic and Gnosticism, chap. xv, 197, 211, 290, 298, 305, 360, 397, 405, 411, 472, 547, 584, 661, 720

Goat, 69, 87, 130, 168, 213, 218, 256, 325, 367, 467, 490, 581-2, 729, 755, 759, 765-9; and see Adamant and blood of

Goblet, 258

God and gods, antiquity of belief in, 5-6, 203; animal, 14, 283, 503; celestial, 14, 17, 25-6, 289, 309, 530; and nature, 409; and man, 206, 208, 254, 274, 416; and Roman emperors, 130, 529; and art, 486; and magic, 8, 230, 235-6, 249, 312, 320, 543; Pliny concerning, 47, 97; Seneca, 103; Galen, 139, 151, 167, 180; Plutarch, 210; Gnostic, 362, 375; Christian attitude to pagan, 317; Firmicus, 527-30; Boethius, 621; name of, 599; winged, 301; and see Apollo and other individual names of gods, Christ, First cause, Trinity, etc.

Goetia, 22, 247, 250, 505

Gold, 69, 78-81, 215, 257, 301, 325, 386, 590, 599, 739, 755; chap. xxxiii; and see Alchemy

Gonorrhoea, 536

Goose, 168, 301

Gorgon, 301

Gothic art, 501-2, 761

Gout, 81, 142, 277, 284, 571, 575, 579-81, 755

Grafting, 55

Grain, 325

Grammar, 535, 596, 612, 625

Grasshopper, 491

Gravitation, 481

Greece and Greek, magic, 20-8, 58; science, 28-32, 46-7, 51, 62, 64; culture, 274, 283; animals, 73; language, ancient, 154, 186, 222-3, 377, 420; language, medieval, 331-2, 625

Greek church, 397, 735

Greek fire, 256-7

Griffin, 257, 325

Grimoald, abbot, 613

Groin, 71, 590

Ground, see Earth, Underground

Gruel, 142

Guadalquivir, 254

Gull, 159

Gum, 468

Gyges, 257

Gymnosophists, 247, 251, 260, 564

Gynecology, see Women, diseases of

Hades, see Underworld

Hadrian, emperor, 136, 200, 244, 318

Hail, see Weather

Hair, 69-70, 81, 151, 159, 176, 581; net, 175, 213; tonic, 738

Halcyon days, 255, 491

_Halicacabum_, 77

Hallucination, 509

Ham, son of Noah, first magician, 414

Hand, laying on of, 386; and see Left, Right

Handkerchief, 213, 386

Hangman’s noose, 71

Hare, 159, 169, 253, 580

Harewort, 722

Harp, magic, 773

Harran, 661-2

_Haruspex_, 95, 104, 511, 513, 534, 629

Hathor goddesses, 14

Hatto, bishop of Vich, 704

Hawk, 74, 314, 332, 561

Hawkweed, 74, 332

Hazel rod, 725-6, 730

Head, habit of inclining, 659; magical speaking, 662, 705

Headache, 18, 71, 92, 175, 591

Hearsay, 585

Heart, physiology of, 30, 146-9, 153, 737; used in medicine and magic, 70, 89, 727

Heat and Hot, 140, 142, 161, 175-6, 191; and see Qualities

Heathen, see Pagan

Heatherberry, 722

Heaven and Heavens, one or many? 16, 345, 363, 365, 372, 382, 459, 487-8, 709; empyrean, 484; and see Music of spheres, Star, Universe, Waters above the firmament

Hebdomad, sacred, 16, 365, 380

Hebrew, 554, 577-8, 709, 711, 749; and see Jew

Hecate, 215, 280

Hedge, 91

Hedge-hog, 325, 502, 734

Hedgerife, 722

Helen, Simon’s, 363-5

Helena, empress, 477

Helenus, seer, 294

Heliocentric theory, 32, 97

Heliotrope, an herb, 65, 87, 636

Hell, see Underworld

Hellebore, 74, 490, 636

Hellene and Hellenism, 20-1, 245, 541

Hellenistic, 16, 22, 30-2, 39, 51, 183, 189, 288, 294

Hemlock, the poison, 490

Hemorrhage, 536, 576

Hen, omen from, 231

Henbane, 722

Hera, goddess, 429

Heracles, 251, 546, 582

Heracleidae, 541

Herb, Egyptian, 10; Assyrian, 19-20; Greek, 23; Cretan, 129; sacred, 76, 178; Anglo-Saxon, 722; Pliny, 54-7, 65-7, 76-9; Galen, 154, 167; Plutarch, 215-6; Apuleius, 229; Orphic, 295-6, 429-30; Gnostic, 371; Nectanebus, 561, post-classical medicine, 583, 591; _Herbarium of Apuleius_, 597-9; Pseudo-Dioscorides, 606; Macer, 614-5; used by animals, 324-5, and see Animals, remedies employed by; conjuration of, 583; plucking of, 57, 65, 93, 160, 173, 252, 291, 583, 614, 626, 721, 724, 727, 729

Herbal, 596-9

Herbalist, 79, 128

Hercules, see Heracles

Heredity, 75, 253; and see Atavism

Herefridus, 635

Heresy, chap. xv, 488, 494, 507-8

_Hermesias_, a compound, 84

Hermogenes the magician, 435

Hero, a kind of spirit, 180-1, 309-10, 469, 546

Herod the king, 473, 479

Heron, 218, 324

Hind, 279, 721

Hippomanes, 324

Hippopotamus, 75, 169

History and Historians, relation to this investigation, 201; Roman, 14, 94, 96, 201, 602; omens and portents in, 14, 675; attitude to, of Empirics, 156; Vitruvius, 185; Lucian, 285-6; Cicero, 274; Horapollo, 333-4; of medicine, 153, 156, 735; of philosophy, 180; of astronomy, 537, 707; of alchemy, 195; ages of, 383, 648, 675, 709; astrological interpretation of, see Conjunctions, Planets, _Magnus Annus_; quantitative method and source-analysis in, 533ff.; medieval attitude to, 617; harlequins of, 359

Holy Ghost or Spirit, 363-4, 372, 397, 447

Holy salt, 722, 727

Holy wafer, 729

Holy water, 434, 721, 724, 727, 735

Honey, 66, 68, 70, 76, 129, 142, 229, 295, 599; Attic and Hymettus, 132

Honoratus, 638

Hoopoe, 324

Horaeus, 367

Horn, 496, 586, 599, 722; magic drinking, 191, 255

Horoscope, 14, 115, 209, 315, 516, 532, 560, 630

Horse, 55, 70, 86, 168, 589, 722, 730, 767; and see Mare

Horus, 195

Hour, observance of, 712, 714, 726

House, astrological, 114, 397

Household magic, 9, 69; and see Door, Threshold, Wall, etc.

Human body, symmetry of, 184, 519; eight parts of, 452, 720; use of parts of, 61, 81, 167, 229, 573; and see Blood; Sacrifice, human; Saliva, Sweat, etc.

Humanism, 20, 338

Humors, 536, 738

Hyacinth, a gem, 496, 656

Hydromancy, 233, 505, 629, 779-80

Hydromel, 79

Hydrophobia, 56, 169, 171, 496, 574; and see Dog, mad

Hydroscope, 542

Hydrostatic balance, 761

Hyena, 67, 69-70, 332, 396, 587, 605, 728

Hymn, 18, 23, 317-8, 374, 433, 441, 640

Hypatia, 541

Hyperborean, 280, 413

Hyphasis, river, 256

Hyrcanian Sea, 488

Ialdabaoth, 367, 383

Iao, Iaoth, etc., 367, 379-80, 583

Iarchas the Brahman, 251ff.

Ichneumon, 74, 218, 575

Idolatry, 421, 433, 452, 475, 603; and see Image

Ikhnaton, 9

Illuminated manuscripts, 498, 502, 547, 597, 676, 746

Image, engraved and astrological, 173, 267, 292, 316, 443, 579, 582, 645-6, 664-6; Apuleius’ wooden, 233; Egyptian mannikins, 8; sacrificial, 261; mystic seal, 367, 378, 382; of wax, 10, 19, 25, 560-3; other magic, 10, 19, 236, 280, 314, 344, 441, 769

Imagination, power of, 644, 660

Iman, doctrine of the hidden, 356

Immortality, see Soul

Impotence, 391

Incantation, antiquity of, 6; Egyptian, 8, 12-4; Assyrian, 17-9; in Pliny, 69-72, 79, 88, 92-4; Galen, 166, 173-4; Apuleius, 230, 233, 239; other classical authors, 25, 253, 257, 279-81, 314; Gnostic, 299, chap. xv; Jewish and early Christian, 352, 398, 418-9, 437, 442-3, 449-50, 463, 492, 510, 512; pseudo-literature and post-classical medicine, 537, 560-1, 568, 573, 579-83, 588-93, 598-9, 605; Arabic, 654-5; early medieval, 596, 626-9, 675, 696; in medicine, chap. xxxi, 754, 759; alchemy, 769-70; old Irish, 640; and see Words, power of

Incense, 722

Incest, 475, 754

Incubus, 574

India, chap. viii; science of, 31; drugs from, 84, 132; home of Magi, 476-7; marvels of, 325-6, 496, 564, 756; occult science of, 652-6, 710, 763; miscellaneous, 503, 744

Indigestion, 779

Industry, and magic, 12, chap. xxxiii

Infant, exposure of, 147; ailments, 69, 169, 615

Ink, invisible, 467

Innocent III, pope, 759

Insanity, 216, 536, 585, 755, 779; and see Frenzy, Lunacy, etc.

Insomnia, 90

Instruments, scientific, 107, 751; and see Musical

Intent, as a factor in magic, 644-6

Interrogations, astrological, 713-4

Intestines, 87-8, 175, 409, 414, 592

Inventions, 44, 149, 187-9, 426, 604

Invisible, to become, 71, 251, 416, 562, 638, 640; writing, 265

Invocation, see Necromancy and Spirit

Iris, 132

Iron, magic use of, 66, 69-71, 81, 89, 213, 765, 769; taboo of, 78, 81, 92, 614; oxide of, 130; quenching hot, 713, 756

Isaac the patriarch, 437

Ishmaelite, 711

Isis, goddess, 195, 223, 280, 300, 546, 559

Island, floating, 102

Ismuc, 183

Israel, twelve tribes of, 495

Istria, 601-2

Itacius, bishop, 381

Italian Renaissance, see Renaissance

Italians and Italy, 184, 557

Iunx, 265-7

Ivory, 301, 599

Ivy, 767-8

Jacob the patriarch, 354, 358, 444; and Esau, 369, 479, 514

Jambres, Jamnes, or Jannes, the magician, 59, 431, 461

James, brother of Jesus, 392, 401, 403, 405

James the Great, St., 434-6

Jannes the magician, see Jambres

Jared, and magic, 415

Jasper, 294, 572

Jaundice, 49, 217, 536

Jealousy, see Animal, and Professions, learned

Jeremiah, legend of, 399

Jerusalem, 393, 399, 415, 423, 477

Jesus, see Christ

Jew and Jewish, 219, 434, 436, 465, 474-5, 583, 746, 762, 773, 781; magic, 59, 437-9, 449; religion, 137; tradition, 473

Jewelry, 301; and see Gem

John the Baptist, 364, 737

John, duke of Campania, 557

Jonathan, 471

Joseph the patriarch, his coat of many colors, 352, 358; divining cup, 386; dream, 354, 358, 385

Joseph, father of Jesus, 393

Joseph, mentioned by Epiphanius, 434

Judea, see Palestine

Judas Iscariot, 391

Juggler, 230, 312-3, 352, 437

Juliana Anicia, 606

Juno, goddess, 546

Jupiter, planet, 97, 184

Justina, 431-3

Karnak, 559

Khîrgeh, 559

Kid, 393

Kidney, 294

King, prediction for, 17, 66; to gain favor of, 19, 67, 71, 89, 294; magic power of, 83, 476, 479; and alchemy, 13, 195

Kiss, 88, 391, 589

Knife, 545, 722, 727; surgical, 149

Knot, in divination, 7; other magic, 19, 25, 66, 69, 71, 592, 661

Kruno, a star, 346

_Labartu_, 18

Laboratory, 228

Lacedaemon, 429, 602

Ladder, 368

Laelius, 274

Lamb, 561, 769

_Lamia_, 263

Lamp, 129, 380; experiment with, 55; inextinguishable, marvelous, etc., 192, 214, 231, 239; and see Candle

Land and water on earth’s surface, 54, 105, 254, 488

Language of birds and beasts, learning, 257, 261, 294-5, 430

Laodicea, unguent of, 133

Lar, 80, 546

_Laser_, a simple, 83

Laurel, 229, 324, 332, 424, 571, 588

Lavinian grove, 326

Law, and magic, 2, 6, 95; Roman, 167-8, 224, 233-4, 277, 527, 568; of nature, 272, 350, 530-1; Mosaic, 395, 459; national, 376; early German, 593; a medieval lawsuit, 688

Lead, 657, 757, 764; application of, 574, 590; glazing, 762; tablets, 28, 366, 724

Leaves, falling, effect on dreams, 206

Lebadea, 249

Lectionary, 476

Lecture-notes, 134

Leech, 724

Left, hand etc. used or preferred, 65-6, 78, 82, 88, 90, 92, 173, 216, 231, 325, 332, 580, 583, 591-2, 722, 726

Legends of saints, chaps. xvi, xviii, 637; and see names of individuals

Legislation, 2, 25, 59, 95, 126, 194, 293, 415, 505; and see Law

Lentils, 369

Lemnos, 130-2, 154, 242, 264

Lent, 678

Leopard, 256

Leprosy, 171, 219, 390, 392, 536

Letter, see Alphabet, Vowel

Lettuce, 639

Lever, 192

Leviathan, 346-7, 367

Levitation, 251-2, 394, 427

_Libanotis_, an herb, 495

Libation, 431

Libraries, ancient, 15, 27, 125, 134-5; medieval, 617-8, 743

Ligatures and suspensions, 65, 68, 70-2, 80, 89-90, 94, 173, 175, 204, 279, 294, 572, 579, 591, 598, 611, 614, 654-6, 726, 729-30, 740, 755-6, 759; condemned, 512, 630

Light, 191, 488, 720; and see Radiation

Lightning, 71, 95, 102, 738

_Ligusticum_, 613

Like cures like, 68, 86, 94

Lily, 68

Linen, use of, 88, 90, 230, 249, 260, 378, 560, 581, 598

Liniment, 586

Lion, habits and traits, 74, 256, 319, 326, 332, 367, 394, 636; roar of, 491; use of parts of, 67, 70, 168, 279, 726, 755; whelps of, 255, 491; amours of lioness, 74; figure of, 582; made by magic, 215; lion-faced, 364

_Liparaios_, a gem, 295

Litany, 721

Liturgy, 398, 476

Liver, disease, 536, 591; divination, 17, 25, 249, 272, 313, 318, 430, 458, 466

Lizard, 68, 92, 238, 324, 494, 574, 581, 589-91

Logic, 154-5, 157-9; magic, 10-1, 72, 214

_Logos_, doctrine of, 350

Loigaire, king, 640

Lollianus Avitus, 223

Lollianus Mavortius, 525ff., 537

Longevity, 141, 170, 176, 207, 537

Looking around, 591

Loosing bonds, etc., 265, 416, 449, 779

Lord’s Prayer, 598, 721, 724-6, 729-30, 736

Lot-casting, 77, 112, 539, 727; and see Geomancy and _Sortes sanctorum_ (other index)

Lotapes, a magician, 59

Lot’s wife, 583

Love charms and potions, 22, 76, 94, 201, 215, 217, 236, 258, 295, 368, 370

Lucifer, 636

Lucius, hero of _Golden Ass_, chap. vii

Lucius Verus, emperor, 124

Lucullus, 94, 201

Lumbago, 90, 175

Luna, goddess, 236, 417; and see Helen, Simon’s

Lunacy, 536, 727, 754; and see Insanity

Lung, 148, 536, 727

Lupin, 722

Lutheran, 447

_Lychnis_ and _Lychnites_, a gem, 257, 295

Lycia, 154, 325, 765

Lycurgus, 283

Lynx, 81, 325, 620

Lyre, 356

Macedon, 278, 560

Machine, 182, 187; and see Mechanical

Maerotis, lake, 349

Magi, in Pliny, 64-72, 80, 84; of Persia and the east, 228, 235-6, 247, 250, 266, 295, 352, 416, 450, 763; who came to the Christ child, 372, 396, 443-4, 471-9, 506, 518-9, 730

Magic (only leading passages where magic in general is discussed under that name are here included), preliminary definition, 4-6; primitive, 5-6; Egyptian, 7-12; Babylonian and Assyrian, 15-9, 33; Greek and Roman, 20-8; Pliny, 44, 58-64; Plutarch, 203; Apuleius, 234-7; Philostratus, 247-50; Neo-Platonists, 299-300; Enoch, 343; Philo, 352; heretics and Gnostics, 361; church fathers, 414-20, chap. xix, 466-9, chap. xxii; Nectanebus, 560; Isidore, 628-30; Alkindi, 643-6; as an art or discipline, 312, 420, 443; relation to science and medicine, 60-64, 236, 312, 330, 432, 511, 534-5, 644; use of materials, 65-70, 441, 508; procedure, 68-71, 506; false and illusive, 61, 418, 423-4, 431-2, 440, 464-8, 509; evil and criminal, 61-2, 313, 344, 377, 431-2, 439, 505, 539, 543; good or natural, 235, 352; marvelous results, 66-7, 70-1, 506; reality of, 506; history of, 58-9, 414-5, 628-9; immunity from, 440, 448-9

Magnet, 81, 85, 213, 469, 511, 581, 636, 644, 657, 668, 765, 780

_Magnus annus_, 26, 180, 210, 333, 372, 384, 456, 543

Majoram, 490

_Maleficium_, 234-5, 381, 506, 603, 629

Mambres, a magician, 461

_Mana_, 6

Mandaeans, 383-4, 450

Mandragora, 22, 231, 258, 597, 607, 626, 740

Manes, a kind of spirits, 546

Manes or Mani, founder of Manicheism, and Manicheism, 381-2, 398, 409, 513

Mansions of moon or sun, 693, 713, 715

_Mantike_, 259; and see Divination

Manuscripts, of Pliny, 51-2; Ptolemy, 106, 108-10; Galen, 134-5; Gentile da Foligno, 164; Greek alchemy, 194-6; Apuleius, 241; Aelian, 322; Solinus, 326-8; Hermes and Enoch, 291, 340; Manichean, 383; _Apocrypha_, 387-9; _Recognitions_, 401ff.; Basil and Ambrose, 484; _Physiologus_, 498ff.; Firmicus, 532; and Book III _passim_

Maps, 107, 114, 707

Marble, 729

Marcus Aurelius, emperor, 124-5, 130, 148

Marcus the heretic, 369-70

Marcus of Memphis, 381

Mare, 87, 324, 332, 511

Marinus, duke of Campania, 557

Market-place, magic of, 437, 440

Marriage, 685, 688

Mars, planet, 78, 97, 184

Marsi, 172, 511

Martin of Tours, St., 381

Martyr and Martyrdom, 428, 433, 512, 555

Mary Magdalene, 364

Mary, Virgin, 390, 724

Mass, sacrament of, 13, 722

Mathematical method, 107

Mathematics, 154, 535-6

_Mathematicus_, 464, 513, 532, 534, 632, 717, 781

_Mathesis_, 411, 632, 704

Matter, 111, 199, 305, 309, 349, 487, 542, 643, 763

Mavortius, see Lollianus

Maximilian II, emperor, 607

Maximus, emperor, 381

Meal, 314; evening, 482

Measles, 668

Measurement, 144; and see Instruments, Time

Meat offered to idols, 452

Mecca, 337

Mechanical devices and toys, 167, 426; Applied Science; see Bird, mechanical; Machine

Mede and Medea, 21, 65, 215, 295, 324, 329, 780

Medicine, chaps. iv, v, xxxi, xxxii, 289, 535-6, 542; Egypt, 10-2; Babylonian and Assyrian, 18; and magic, 25, 70, and see Magic; Pliny, 72; Greek, 318; Apuleius, 221, 237; Brahmans, 252-3; Lucian, 279, 284; Solinus, 329; church fathers and theologians, 460-3, 593, 617; and see Animal, remedies employed by; Astrological; Compound; Disease; History; Pharmacy; Poison; Simple; etc.

Medicine man, 5, 227

Medinet Habu, 559

Medium, 297, 467

Medulla, 660

_Mela_, see _Taxo_

Melancholy, 137, 536, 756

_Melanteria_, 132

Melothesia, 712

Memory, 303, 660

Memphis, 198, 430

Menander the heretic, 368, 421

Menippus, 263

Menstrual fluid, 82, 369, 573

Merchant, 214, 245, 710

Mercury, god, 233, 236, 630, and see Hermes; metal, 764, and see Quicksilver; planet, 318, 383

Meroë, a witch, 226

Merovingian, 616, 672

Mesraim, first magician, 414

Messiah, 355, 383

Messina, 445, 710

Metal and Metallurgy, 44, 102, 198, 346, 463, 767; and see Alchemy; Planets and; and the names of individual metals

Metamorphosis, see Transformation

Meteor, 103

Meteorology, 44, 636

Methodism, in medicine, 155, 735

Michael, an angel, 367, 447, 452

Michael, bishop of Tarazona, 652

Microcosm, 382, 411, 530, 633, 709, 712

Midday, see Noon

Middle Ages, influence in, of Pliny, 51-3, 56, 73, 85, 595, 628, 635; Seneca, 100; Ptolemy, 109; Galen, 161, 180, 572-4; Hero, 188; _De placitis philosophorum_, 180; Apollonius, 267; Solinus, 326; early Christian literature, 338; Enoch, 340-2; Philo, 351; _Apocrypha_, 389-90; Simon Magus, 427; legends of saints, 435; Basil, 484; _Physiologus_, 497ff.; Augustine, 504; Alexander legend, chap. xxiv; post-classical medicine, 571, 576-8, 584; Ethicus, 601-4; Dioscorides, 606-12; Boethius, 618-20; Isidore, 623, 630-1; Arabic learning, 646, 663, chap. xxx, 732; Constantinus Africanus, 743, 754; Greek learning, 734; and see Classical heritage; Greek, medieval; Textual history; Translation

Midnight, 248

Milan, 477

Mildew, 80

Milesian tales, 225

Milk, cow’s, 229, 295; woman’s, 82, 175, 587, 729, 759, 763; other, 721, 767

Milk-stone, 294

Milo, 779

Milt, see Spleen

Mind, 210, 531, 654

Mine and Mining, 132, 142, 344

Mineralogy, 606

Minerva, 79

Minotaur, 603, 636

Mint, wild, 57

Miracle, 8, 327, 541, 637, 686; distinguished from magic, 242, 265, 387-8, 417, 437-9, 465, 505; by heretics, 507-8

Mirror, 180, 236, 417, 468, 644; and see Divination by polished surfaces, Optics

Missal, 759

Misy, 132

Mistletoe, 23, 79

Mithra, 368, 429

Mithrobarzanes, a magician, 281

“Modern,” 717

Mohammed and Mohammedan, 139, 337, 356, 445, Chap. xxviii, 688

Mole, 63, 67, 70, 80-1, 88, 409, 494, 587

Monastery, Monasticism, and Monk, 505, 637-9, 679

Monkey, 148

Monreale, 427

Monster, 627

Mont, temple of, 559

_Montaster_, an herb, 598

Monte Cassino, 597, 610, 743ff.

Month, specified, 585, 588, 590, 676, 685-9, 728, 737, 774; and see Moon, observance of

Montpellier, 109, 741

Monument, 565

Moon, addressed, 727; affected by magic, 203, 225, 280, 308, 468, 492; controls generation and corruption, 210, 219, 354, 633, 708; day of the, 79, 572, chap. xxix; duration of, 180, 702; and Easter, 521; observance of, 69-71, 78, 80, 90-1, 98, 178, 216, 283, 322, 324, 333, 364, 539, 580, 582, 590-2, 598-9, chap. xxix, 720, 724, 729, 756, 780; relation to other planets and to the signs, 179, 211; spots on, 354; size of, 488; and see Bleeding, Luna, Selene, Tide

Moon-earth, 765

Moon-god, 382

Moon-stone, 250

Moon-tree, 564

Moralizing, 101, 490, 638

Mortar, pounded in a, 82, 765

Mortuary magic, 8-9

Mosaic, 367, 427, 764

Mosaic law, see Law

Moses, see other index

Mother, goddess or Great, 216, 360

Mouse, 23, 80, 166, 175, 213, 325, 491, 587, 737; field-, 98, 279; shrew-, 76, 86, 88

Mountain, marvelous, 346-7; magnetic, 756; affected by magic, 226, 416

Mule, 88, 183, 390, 589, 736

Mullein, 490

Muscle, 145, 150, 580

Muses, 371

Mushroom, 219

Music, 319, 325, 534, 619, 744; and magic, 6; and medicine, 124; and architecture, 185; of the spheres, 26, 184, 193, 371, 487, 544, 622

Mutton-fat, 722

Mycenaean art, 301

Myriogenesis, 537

_Myrmecia_, a gem, 166

Myrrh, 586, 765

Mysia, 216

Mysteries, 139, 216, 221, 223, 243, 245, 248, 317, 360-1, 368, 377, 428-9; and see Eleusis, Mithra

Mysticism, 211, 254-5, 677, 763

Mythology, and magic, 8, 21; and astrology, 16, 282-3; miscellaneous, 211, 215, 282, 294, 327, 407, 415-6, 545-6, 620

Nail, metal, 78, 81, 87, 90, 280, 581, 722

Nail parings, toe and finger, 71, 581

Names, see of Christ and God, and Words, power of

Nannacus, see Annacus

Nard, 169

Nativities, 25, 95, 104, 115, 185, 471, 559-60, 632, 679, 712

Nature, Pliny on, 42, 46-7; Seneca, 101; Galen, 150-1; as a teacher, 155; Plutarch, 210; in contrast to fate, 375

Neck, stiff, 737

Necromancy, 21, 197, 228, 233, 264, 270, 280, 300, 419, 466, 539, 629, 705; as proof of immortality, 416; relation to science, 744

Nectabis, 463

Nectanebo or Nectanebus, chap. xxiv, 391, 463, 516, 704

Needle, copper, 590; eye of, 396

Nektanebes, Nekht-Har-ehbet, Nekhte-nebof, 558-9; and see Nectanebus

Neo-Latin, 732, 757

Neo-Platonism, chap. xi, 116, 208, 296-7, 349, 540, 544-5, 661

Nero, emperor, 61, 171, 201, 260, 262, 423-5, 553, 585

Nerva, emperor, 244

Nerve and nervous system, 145-6

Nestorian, 554

Nettle, 636, 768

_Neuri_, 330

Nias Island, 170

Niceta, a character in the _Recognitions_, chap. xvii

Nicias, 22, 204

Niello, 769

Night-shade, an herb, 581

Night time and magic, 68, 78, 129, 224-6, 234

Nigromancy, see Necromancy

Nikon, father of Galen, 122

Nile, 102, 179-80, 198, 254, 559; horses, 169

Nimrod and magic, 413

Nine, 88, 371, 590, 592, 598, 721, 727

Nineveh, 243

Nitrate, 772

Nitro-muriatic acid, 772

Noah’s ark, 20; and see Flood

Noon, 248, 755

Norman and Normandy, 427, 745

Nose, 576, 589

Notebook, 45-6; and see Lecture notes

Notory art, 267

Nude and Nudity, 83, 93, 295, 565, 588

Numa, king, 274, 505

Number, observance of, and theory of perfect, 26, 69, 91, 178, 212, 258, 273, 317, 355-7, 370, 373, 383, 430, 441, 521, 544-5, 621, 627, 675; and see Five, Four, Nine, Seven, Ten, Three

Numitor, king, 602

Nymph, 546

Oak, 493

Oath, 430

Obelisk, 558

Obscenity in magic and medicine, 61-2, 167-8, 204, 207, 236

Observation, Pliny, 48, 53-4; magicians, 64-5; Ptolemy, 105, 107, 110, 112; Galen, 156; reputed Chaldean, 95, 316; Dioscorides, 606; and see Experimental method

Obstetrics, see Child-birth

Occult virtue, discussions of and references to of a general character, in Egypt, 10; Pliny, 64-5, 75-6, 81, 89; Galen, 169-70; Vitruvius, 183; Plutarch, 212-3; Neo-Platonists, 304, 307, 311, 320, 542-3; Brahmans, 257-8; Marbod, 778-81; miscellaneous, 441, 454, 468-9

Ocean, 489

_Ocimum_, an herb, 93

Oculist, 284, 670

Odor, foul, 536

Odysseus, 264, 281, 509, 629

Oea, 222ff.

Oil, 68, 90, 92, 130, 142, 154, 168-9, 171, 175, 213, 256, 373, 572, 606, 724, 779

Ointment, see Unguent

Old-wives, 166, 204, 234, 250, 272, 586; and see Witch

Olybrius, emperor, 606

Olympias, mother of Alexander, 560ff.

Olympic games, 22, 102

Olympus, Mt., 198, 296, 429

Omens and portents, 14, 92, 178, 201, 231, 251, 254, 260, 318, 430, 471, 543, 560, 562, 675

One, Once, for the first time, 82, 92, 210, 582

Onesiphorus, 396

Onion, 20

Onoel, a spirit, 367

_Ophites_, a marble, 87

Ophites, a sect, 365, 383

Opium, 724

Opobalsam, 128

Optics, 108, 218, 237, 276, 669

Oracle, 21, 95, 203, 206-7, 253, 278, 295, 318, 432, 442, 466, 534, 627

Oratory, 535, 776

Ordeal, 386, 468, 759

_Oreites_, a gem, 295

Orestes, 324

Oreus, 365

Organ, musical, 187-8, 192

Oriental attitude, exaggerated estimate of, 20-1, 388

Originality, 569, 575, 616

_Origanum_, an herb, 218

Origenists, 461, 519

Oromazes, a magician, 236

Orphic rites, 296, 429

Osiris, 13, 196, 223, 233, 546

Ossifrage, 87

Ostrich, 636

Ouroboros, the encircling serpent, 197, 763

Owl, 63, 68, 70, 253

Ox, 468, 722, 755

Oxford, 642

Oxygen, 143

Oyster, 218

Padua, 164

_Paeanites_, a gem, 329

Paganism, 203, 294, 317, 327, 512, chap. xxiv, 661-2

Painting, 177, 187, 764

Palatine hill, 125, 134

Palermo, 427

Palestine, 132, 280, 438

Palimpsest, 553

Palm, 62, 230, 333, 636

Pamphile, a witch, 229ff.

Pamphylia, 132

Pan, the god, 251, 546

Panacea, 172

Pancrates, a magician, 280-1

_Pantarbe_, 252

Panther, 74, 256

Papacy, 705; see Sixtus IV for patronage of learning by

Papyri, 12, 14, 22, 27-8, 193, 196, 365, 467, 686

Paradise, 367, 470, 488

Paralysis, 739; of the face, 738; tongue, 755

Parchment, 589, 729, 764

Pard, 74, 168

Paris, 642

Parrot, 575

Parthians, 373, 376

Partridge, 168, 324, 574

Pastoral magic, 70

_Paternoster_, see Lord’s Prayer

Pathology, 576

Paul the apostle, 405, 413, 424, 449, 505; potion of, 739

Peacock, 574, 636

Pebble, 591

Pelican, 324

Pella, 278

Penalty, 293, 313, 433

Penance, 513

Pendant, 301

Peony, 78, 173, 614, 740, 756

Pepper, 169, 176, 256, 586, 637

Pergamum, 122, 124, 130, 136, 149, 171, 236

_Peristereos_, an herb, 77

Persecution, fear of, 194

Persia and Persian, 58, 66, 376, 451, 475, 479, 503, 553, 558, 744, 762

Personification, 198, 343

Perspective, see Optics

Peru, 7, 17

Peter the apostle, 231, chap xvii, 505

_Petroselinon_, 132

Phaethon, 283

_Phalangium_, an insect, 86

Phallic ritual, 308

Phantasm and Phantom, see Apparition, Ghost

Phanuel, an angel, 342

Pharaoh’s dream, 358; magicians, 379, 385, 417, 438, 446, 464, 470, 506-8, 629

Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 10, 20, 83, 122, 133, 343, 413, 434, 610, 734-5

Phidias, 24, 407

Philae, 559

Philip of Macedon, 331, 560ff.

Philoctetes, 294

Philology, 535, 545

Philosopher’s stone, 52, 197, 398, 763; and see Alchemy

Philosophy, Greek, 21; and alchemy, 13, 199; and magic, 24, 61, 234, 246, 310, 440, 535; and astrology, 674; and business, 97; Seneca, 103; Galen and pseudo-Galen, 123-4, 127, 133, 139, 146, 149-50, 176, 180; Vitruvius, 185-6; other mentions of, 220, 223, 279, 360, 416, 466, 471, 481, 485, 493, 536, 620, 707; and see names of individuals (largely in other index) and schools.

Phlebotomy, see Bleeding

Phoebus, 620; and see Apollo

Phoenicia, 438

Phoenix, 207, 257, 332-3, 347, 460

Phraotes, 258

Phrygia and Phrygian, 206, 430, 597, 630

Phylactery, 513

_Physica_, 512, 579-80

Physics, 644

Physiognomy, 26, 176, 179, 460, 668

Physiology, 145, 395, 657-60

Pig, 76, 85, 168, 219, 393, 587, 727, 729, 764, 766; and see Swine

Pill, 739

Pillow, beneath one’s, 90

Pine-tree, 490, 493

Piper, 217

Pirronius, a magician, 604

Piston, 192

Place, observed in magic, 645

Plagiarism, 186, 483, 649, 742, 746-7

Plague, Galen and, 124, 142, 171; of 1348 A. D., 164; Apollonius and, 259, 391; of 542 A. D., 575; of Egypt, 325, 357, 491, 522, 685, 687, 696; miscellaneous, 410, 432, 538-9, 600

Planetary week, 16, 513, 633

Planets, when distinguished, 13-4, 16; properties of, 97, 113-4, 346, 383, 526, 529, 662, 711; in Gnosticism, 361; in art, 379; and the metals, 347, 368, 709, 763, 767; and herbs, 291; position at creation, 711, 713; and formation of foetus, see Child-birth

Plate, metal, 229, 386, 572, 582

Platonism, 221, 243, 456; for Plato see other index

Pleiades, 179, 355, 636

Pleurisy, 738

Plough, 80

Pneumatics, 188

Poetry, 6, 95, 511, 535

Poison and Poisoning, relation to magic, 25, 61, 441; to medicine, 56; venomous human beings, 324; safeguards against, 67, 70-1, 386, 614, and see Antidote; miscellaneous, 81, 86-7, 231-2, 397, 417, 460, 535, 565, 572, 574, 668, 721, 733

Polar star, 384

Polion, an herb, 77

Politics, 358, 666

Pompholyx, 132

Pontianus, 223-4

Pontiff, 124, 149

Pontus, drugs from, 87, 132

Poplar, 90

Poppy, bearing stones, 216

Population, 136

Pork, 142

Pot-herbs, 606

Potter and Pottery, 384, 433, 588-9

_Praestigium_, 630, 665

Praetor, 538

Prayer, 12, 79, 104, 219, 233, 382, 398, 412, 423, 426, 443, 457, 530-1, 589, 645, 671, 705, 728; procuring answer to, 70, 294, 593, 779; by others than man, 457; to others than God, 260, 264, 303, 526, 598-9, 661; of St. John, 721; and see Lord’s Prayer, Incantation

Predestination, 514

Prefect, 526

Pregnant stone, 740

Presbyter, 437

Prescription, medical, 152, 159, 172

Presentation, literary and scientific, 570, 595, 625

Prester, John, 477

Priest, 9, 13, 15, 21, 79, 85, 131, 195, 197, 300, 386, 533, 754, 763, 766

Priscillianists, 478, 519

Private parts, 343, 536

Procharus, 397

Proconsul, 235, 527

Professions, learned, 5, 125-6, 186-7, 744

Prognostication, medical, 164

Prophecy and Prophet, 25, 77, 205, 230, 352, 370, 439, 447, 459, 465, 476, 479, 534

Proteus, 263

Psychology, 75, 144-5, 657-60

Ptah-Seker-Ausar, 233

Ptolemais, 541

Ptolemy, king of Egypt, 135

Pulse, 144-5, 430, 658

Pump, 187, 192

Punic, 597

Puppy, see Dog

Purging, 667; the lungs, 143

Purification, 62, 204, 232, 441, 531, 598

Purple, 173, 197-8, 590-1, 604

Push-ball, 487

Pylades, 144-5

_Pyrethrum_, an herb, 614

_Pyrigoni_, 324

Pyrites, 571, 768

Pyromancy, 260, 629

Pyrrhus, 83

_Pytho_, 629

Pythagorean, 26, 32, 50, 58, 61, 63, 65-6, 179, 184, 243, 258, 260, 280, 370, 456, 544

Quail, 490

Quadrivium, 632

Qualities, the four, 114, 139-40, 154, 157, 218, 485, 751, 755; and see Cold, Heat

Quartan fever, 269, 579-81, 736

Quaternities, divine, 674

Quick-lime, 434, 571

Quinsy, 77, 89

Quintus Cicero, 269ff.

Rabbi, 355, 445. 470

Rabbit, 588, 729

Race, 184, 781; for strange races see Hyperboreans, Seres, etc.

Radiation of force or light, 643-6

Radish, 721

Rainbow, 409

Rain-making, 23-4, 103, 386, 430

Rain-water, 81-2

Ram, 213, 332, 424, 467

Raphael, the angel, 342, 367, 447, 452, 454

Rat, 76

Ravenna, 367, 763

Raymond, archbishop of Toledo, 657

Reading, medieval, 604, 617-8

Reason, 218, 660; free from magic, 300; and experience, 157

Red, used, 65, 581, 508, 740

Red Sea, 84, 208

Redeemer, 361, 363, 438

Reed, 75-6, 80, 90, 215, 591, 726

Reformed churches, 447

Reggio, 445, 745

Relics of saints, 444, 446, 593, 675

Religion, and magic, 5-6, 8-9, 15, 18, 20, 22-3, 33-4, 60, 232, 256, 505, 533; and astrology, 15-7, 524, 529-31; and science, 407-8, 479, chap. xxi; other than Christian, 94, 361, 725, and see Mohammedanism, Paganism, etc.; medieval religious attitude, 746, 752; and see Christianity, God, Theology, Trinity, etc.

Renaissance, 20, 122, 570, 618

_Reseda_, an herb, 93

Respiration, see Breathing

Resurrection of the body, 47, 415, 541

Resuscitation of corpses, 280, 391, 394, 397, 424, 426, 638, 763

Revelation, 56, 253, 407; and see Divination by

Revolutions, astrological, 26, 377, 650

Rhetoric, 124, 221, 269, 483, 518, 533, 535, 555, 596, 603, 700

Rhodes, 269, 301

Rhododendron, 175

Rhubarb, first mention of, 576

Riddles, 636

Right hand, etc., used or preferred, 70, 78, 81, 83, 88, 90, 92, 324-5, 332, 574, 580-1, 591-2, 767

Ring, 69, 78, 173, 219, 251, 253, 280, 292, 379, 564, 582, 590, 592, 599, 656, 662, 705, 755

Ring-worm, 93

Rip van Winkle, 399

Ritual, 12, 23; and see Ceremonial

Roads, Roman, 135-6

Robber, 117

Robert, king of France, 672, 704, 736

Robert Guiscard, 745

Romance, Greek, 22, 221, 232, 553; Medieval, 557

Romanesque, 502

Romans, traits of, 184

Rome, as center of learning, 124, 128-31, 135, 162, 201, 222, 242, 269, 277, 537, 586, 741; other mentions, 209, 230, 366, 372, 403, 408, 421, 423-4, 464, 553

Romulus, 209, 274, 330, 602

Root, see Herb

Rose, 230, 751; wild, 56

Royal Society, 214

Rubbing, 142

Ruddy complexion, 768-71

Rue, 737; eaten by weasel, 74, 324, 626

Ruin, excavated, 762

Russet, 89

Rust, 766

Rustic, experience, 578, 585

Sabaoth, 365, 367, 379, 451, 583, 599

Sabbath, 204, 513

Sabians, 661-3

_Sacerdos_, 235

Sacra Via, 125, 133, 424

Sacrifice, 68, 79, 104, 131, 166, 215, 248, 250-1, 261, 294-5, 308-9, 317, 363, 414, 431, 645, 661-3, 705; human, 62, 207, 249, 418, 539, 687

_Sacrum amarum_, 739

Saffron, 656, 765

_Sagmina_, sacred herbs, 76

St. Gall, 640, 677

St. Sophia, 575, 770

Sakkara, 9

Salamander, 54, 68, 85, 214, 324, 511, 636; “wool,” 214

Salerno, chaps. xxxi, xxxii

_Salisatores_, 630

Saliva, 20, 82, 88-9, 92-3, 174, 281, 373, 392, 573, 588, 592, 656, 769

Salmon, 424

Salt, 213, 373, 467, 583, 670; and see Holy, Sodom

_Saltus Gilberti_, 705

Salve, 87, 606, 722

Salvia, 739

Samaria, 363-4, 368, 421

Samothracian orgies, 149

Samuel, ghost of, see Endor, witch of

Sandal-Makers, street of, 134

Sandals, 230

_Sandastros_, a gem, 97

Sapphire, 496, 779

Saracen, 138, 718

Sarcophagus, 476

Sard, 777

Sardinia, 329

Sardis, 255

_Sardonia_, an herb, 329

Sardonic laugh, 329

Satire, 285

Saturn, god, 207; planet, 97, 184, 580, 633, 768

Saturninus, a heretic, 372

Satyr, 263-4, 546

Saul, 448, 469

Scarab, 10, 68, 333

Scarification, 721

Scepticism, see Credulity and

Sciatica, 69

Scientific spirit, curiosity, etc., 144, 234, 308, 378-9, 437, 485-6, 494, 502-4, 528, 535, 559, 669, 752; and see Experiment, Observation

Scipio Orfitus, 223

Scorpion, 74, 81, 85-8, 171, 174, 494, 573, 583, 656, 666

Scotland, 654

Scrofula, 82, 89, 91, 587

Sculpture, 277, 501

Scylla, the monster, 263, 636; an herb, 526

Scythian, 59, 77, 245, 407, 496, 654

Sea, 225, 738; and see Bath

Sea-calf, 580; faring, 245; foam, 468; gull, 159; hare, 171, 236, 238, 587; holly, 213; serpent, 325, 574; star, 89; urchin, 68, 490-1

Seal of Diana, 130

Sealing, 69, 278, 468

Seasons, four, 114

Secrecy, 194, 227, 233, 239, 254, 287, 295, 372, 405, 420, 579, 765, 776

Seed, 605; seedless herbs, 489

_Seia_, 599

Selene, 215

Selenomancy, 98

_Semen_, 369

Semitic, 15

Semo Sancus, 421

_Senecion_, an herb, 614

Sense and Senses, 150, 158, 180, 355

Sepia, 87

Septimius Severus, emperor, 243, 253, 293; and see Severi

Septizonium, 253

Serapis, 379, 442, 763

Seres, 376, 402, 412-4

Serf and Servant, 739; and see _Colonus_; Slavery

Sermon, 426, 482ff.

Serpent, lifted up in the wilderness, 379; and see Snake, Dragon, Sea-serpent

Sesame, 655

Sethians, 365

Sethos, 14

Seven, 14, 16, 49, 67, 69, 169, 179, 198, 212, 232, 253, 258, 279, 282, 318, 333, 346, 355-6, 365, 371, 373, 376, 378, 383, 385, 411, 429, 435, 491, 522, 537, 545, 581, 590, 592, 599, 633, 676, 724, 771, 777

Seven sleepers, 725, 759

Severi, dynasty of, 125, 130; and see Septimius

Sèvres, 762

Sex, observed in magic, 69, 78, 80-2, 94, 729, 759; of hyena, 397; of herbs and stones, 81, 764; of numbers, 179, 371; of planets and signs, 282, 662, 709-12; predicted, 175-6, 516; intercourse, 141, 639, 767

Shadow, 605

Shadow-footed, 256

Shark, 494

Shaving the head, 142, 560, 724

Sheba, 479

Sheep, 68, 102, 168, 173, 219, 467, 490, 582, 656; the lost, 363; and see Lamb, Ram, Shepherd, Pastoral

Shellfish, 98, 517

Shepherd, 478

Ship, 604; wreck, 748

Shirt, 581

Shoe, 638

Short-hand, 134, 232

Showbread, 385

Sibyl, 546; for Sibylline books see other index

Sicily, 85, 427, 525

_Sideritis_, a stone, 295

Sieve, 91, 250, 325

Signatures, 310

Sign, see Abbreviation, Divination, Prognostication, Sex predicted, Star, Zodiac

Silence observed, 722

Silas, 449

Silk, 608

Silvanus, 546

Silver, 590, 599

Similarity, argument from, 238, 614; and see Like cures like

Simon the Canaanite, 392

Simon Magus, chap. xvii, 362-5, 397, 439

Simon, St., 435

Simples, medicinal, in Pliny, 46, 83; Galen, 128, 153, 160, 168, 571

Sin, 344, 372-5, 430, 457, 520; effect on nature, 254, 345, 350, 409-10, 490

Sinew, 68, 148

Siphon, 189, 191

Siren, 263

Sisebut, king, 623

Sisinnios, 398

Six, 184, 356, 521

Sixtus IV, pope, 349, 596

Skeleton, 233

Skin, 141, 769; changing one’s, 170, 238, 324; disease, 102, 537; see Animals, parts of; and the names of particular animals for the use of their skins

Skull, 80, 580

Sky, see Heaven

Slav, 658

Slavery, 136, 170, 350, 515, 668, 683

Slavonic, 342, 345, 398

Sleep, magic, 399

Sleight-of-hand, 370

Slot-machine, 197

Smallpox, 668

Smilax, 92

Smoke, 89, 615

Smyrna, 123

Snail, 89, 92, 586

Snake, remedies against, 84-9, 99, 175, 258, 295, 365, 386, 392, 495, 599, 614; animals antipathetic to, 84-5, 99, 231; virtue in, 23, 168, 197; of India, 214, 564; Satan and demons as, 365, 391, 430; charming, 83, 278-80, 325, 511, 561-2, 638-9; sting and venom of, 56, 81-2, 102; foam of, 67; sloughing of, 170; not found in Ismuc, 183; at Delphi, 283; on a pendant, 301; medical knowledge of, 441; and see Fennel, tasted by

Sneeze, divination from, 95, 205, 207

Social aspect of magic, 59; life in antiquity, 137, 185

Socrates, 137, 139, 204, 234, 240, 270, 288, 532

Soda, washing, 571

Sodom, salts of, 138

Soldier, 56-7

Solemnity, required in magic, 644-6

Solon, 326, 355

Son of God, 372, 438

Soot, 236

Sopater, 313

Sophist and Sophistry, 540-1

Soporific, 758

Sorcery, 10, 25, 61, 96, 166, 270, 279, 324, 344, 352, 386, 390, 393, 437-8, 441, 655, 690, 733; counter-magic against, 17-20, 70, 81, 94, 301, 391, 600; and see Goetia, Witchcraft

_Sortilegi_, 630

Sory, 132

Soul, human, Plato on, 25-6; Pliny, 47, 96; Galen, 150, 178, 180; Plutarch, 206-7, 213, 217; Neo-Platonists, 309-10, 318; Gnostics, 364; location of, 735; apart from body, 399, 418, 455, 510, 546; immortality of, 416, 419, 469, 531, 541; other than human, 198, 213; and see World-soul

Sound, 143, 201, 430, 542

Sousnyos, St., 398

Spain, 380, 433, 489, 580, 597, 607

Spanish era, 773

Sparrow, 271

Sparta and Spartan, 21-2, 216, 301

Species, 304, 493, 751

Speech, impediment of, 536

_Sphaera barbarica_, 537

Sphere, see Earth, Universe, and other index

Spice, 250, 257, 295, 606

Spider, 90, 94, 168-9, 171, 175, 587

Spinal cord, 146

Spirit, good or evil (including angel and demon, but see also Apparition, Ghost, Necromancy, Soul), in early Arabic poetry, 6; in the ancient orient, 11, 15, 18-9, 24; classical Greece, 24, 26, 180-1; on nature of, Plutarch, 203-4, 206-8; Apuleius, 240; Philostratus, 263-4; Iamblichus, 309-10; Enoch, 343; Origen and Celsus, 441-3, 452-3; Augustine, 508; Martianus Capella, 545-6; Dionysius the Areopagite, 546-7; Christian ascription of other religions to demons, 370, 414, 429ff., 442, 453; disease and, 11, 18-9, 299, 343, 452, 722; expulsion of, and power over, 253, 262, 386, 405, 414, 417-8, 441, 443, 754, 779, and see Exorcism; fall of, 343, 374-5; familiar and guardian, 207, 210, 368, 370; in the air, 206, 240, 424, 463, 508, 635; in heavens and stars, chap. xv, 343, 397, 431, 458, 487-8, 519; in the moon, 207; in nature, 181, 296, 308, 310, 347, 382, 414, 430, 443, 452-4, 543; invocation of, 301, 308, 310, 320, 361, 367-8, 371-2, 384, 419, 437, 442, 447, 449-52, 543, 655, 674, and see Necromancy, Notory art; magic, astrology, arts and sciences ascribed to, 195, 240, 313, 343, 368, 370, 412, 414, 417-8, 422, 429-32, 441-3, 447-8, 453, 458-9, 463, 465-6, 506-7, 509, 513, 518, 629, 675, 705; mediums between God or gods and men, 206, 208, 240, 349, 452-4, 459, 621, 675; orders of, 308-9, 320, 363, 408, 455, 507, 545-7, 727; possessed by, 308, 392, 413-4, 434, 510, 640, 723-4, 754-5; safeguards against, 18, 216, 293, 391, 398, 449, 615, 726, 728

_Spiritus_, 147, 658-60

Spit, see Saliva

Spleen, 57, 68-9, 85, 536, 577, 579, 584, 587-8, 591

_Spodium_ or _Spodos_, 132

Sponge, 227

Spoon, 721

Spring, water 229; caused to flow, 769; and see Fountain, Seasons

Staff, 252, 435, 679

Stag, 84, 207, 294, 324; and see Deer

Stained glass, 427, 435, 770

_Stans_, the, 415

Star, nature of, god or animal, etc., 25-6, 103, 206, 210, 212, 240, 303, 315, 343-4, 353, 436, 456, 519-21, 530, 620-1, 632, 662, 670; as sign, 302, 410, 458, 544; not cause of evil, 305, 354, 475, 514; cause of evil, 411; affected by magic, 225-6; shooting, 71, 589; fixed, 114; and see Astrology; Christ, birth of; Magi

Star-fish, 56

Starling, 490

Statue, 91, 279, 280, 764; healing, 284; animated, 188, 416-7, 424, 435; and see Image, Sculpture

Steam, 192

Stele of Metternich, 559

Stepmother, 215

Stoic, 50, 141, 178-81, 210, 269-70, 283, 350, 397, 456

Stomach, 92, 173, 536, 592, 656, 757

Stone, the disease, 87, 588, 729; and see Gem

Stoning to death, 262, 399

Storax, a gum, 495

Stork, 257, 324-5, 331, 460, 580

Storm-averting magic, 71, 80, 92, 102, 252, 313

Stream, 91, 225-6, 546; and see Fountain

Stupa, 251, 413

Style, literary, 222-3, 525, 570, 620

Styx, river, 326

Suanir, 435

Suffumigation, see Fumigation

Suggestion, force of, 265

Sulla, 532

Sulphur, 279, 764

Sumerian, 15, 17

_Summun bonum_, 752

Sun, god and worship, 97, 251, 261, 294-5, 317-8, 382, 492, 524; personified, 347, 410, 457, 529; and magic, 141, 225-7, 308, 386; astrological influence of, 99, 179, 211; rising and dawn, 215, 230-1, 256, 261; before sunrise, 69, 71, 78, 91, 94, 131, 173, 281, 583, 599, 768; before sunset, 583; experiment with, 55; dial, 185, 187; distance and size of, 219, 488; tropical, 214; tree of, 564

Superstition, Plutarch on, 203-4; in medicine, chaps. xxv, xxxi

Surgery, 148-9, 536, 569, 668, 723, 735

Suriel, a spirit, 367

Swaddling cloth, 392, 396

Swallow, habits of, 75, 324, 615, 636; use of, 68, 70, 168, 175, 581, 721

Swallow-stone, 755, 766

Swallow-wort, 75, 615, 626

Swan, 636; song, 255, 332

Sweat, 167, 392, 767, 779

Swine, 70, 77, 79, 99, 217; and see Pig

Sword, 78, 295; magic 258

Sylvia, 404

Symbol and Symbolism, 166, 251, 310, 361, 367, 502, 506, 546, 676-7, 679, 721; in alchemy, 766-7, 771-2

Sympathetic magic, 68, 84-7, 92, 238, 271, 296, 299, 304, 312, 314, 320, 354, 542-3, 614

Symposium, 137, 201-2

Symptoms, 735

Syncretism, 525

Synod at Rome, 389, 402

Syracuse, 476

Syria, Syriac, and Syrian, 280, 374, 387, 395, 403-4, 422, 437, 497, 499, 503, 554, 559-61, 577, 597, 601, 661, 663, 747, 762

Syrian goddess, 231

Syringe, 192

Syrup, 560

Tablecloth, 214

Tables, astronomical, 14; of contents, 50, 153.

Tablet, astrological, 560, 563; and see Cuneiform, Lead

Taboo, 21; and see Iron

Tagus, 630

Tamarisk, 85, 587

Tape-worm, first mentioned, 576

Tarpeian rock, 426

Tarquin the Proud, 602

Tarrutius, an astrologer, 209, 330

Tarsus, 259, 479

Taste, sense of, 505

_Taxo_, 600, 636

Teiresias, 281

Telines, 21

Temperaments, four, 668

Temple, 533; of Peace, 125; devices, 192-3; in alchemy, 197-8, 763; Egyptian, 261, 301, 559; Jewish, 395; Greek, 407; of the Sun, 435; of Liber, 496; Christian, 533

Terebinth-tree, 571

_Terra sigillata_, 130-2, 154, 756

Tetter, 93

Textbook, 635

Text and Textual criticism and history, magic, 9; cuneiform, 15, 17-8; classics, 21, 27; Aristotle, 24, 27; Pliny, 52; Ptolemy, 106, 108; Galen, 119-21; Hero, 189; alchemy, 193; Plutarch, 202; Aelian, 322; Philo, 348-9; patristic, 374, 377, 389, 401-6, 477, 495; _Physiologus_, 497-9; Alexander legend, chap. xxiv; _Medicine of Pliny_, 596; Dioscorides, 594, 606-13; medicine, 567, 731; Isidore, 623; medieval alterations, 3, 338, 683, 720

Thaphtabaoth, a spirit, 369

Thaumaturgy, 190

Thautabaoth, a spirit, 367

Theater, 184, 422, 425, 486, 506, 512

Thebes and Theban, 179, 491, 553, 765

Theft, discovery of, and recovery of object, 644, 666, 681, 718, 725; aids, 780

Theodamas, 294

Theodoric the East Goth, 569, 617, 619

Theodosius I, emperor, 584

Theodosius II, emperor, 327

Theology, astral, 15, 17, 360-1, 543, 621; and magic, 18, 234; Galen, 149; Egyptian, 370; attitude shown, 619-20

_Therapeutae_, 349, 356

Therapeutics, 10, 122, 141, 735

Theriac, 130, 733, 756

Thersites, 269

Thessaly, home of witches, 58, 203, 226

Theurgy, chap. xi, 505, 535

Thomas the apostle, in India, 475, 477

Thoth, 288

Thotmes IV, king of Egypt, 13

Thought, history of, 3-4; explained physiologically, 659

Thread, 89, 590, 656

Three, Thrice, etc., 69, 79, 82, 88-9, 91, 93, 169, 174, 295, 476, 479, 582, 588-9, 592, 614, 656, 721, 730, 736, 767

Threshold, 69, 89

Throat, disease of, 82

Thunder, divination from, 57, 96, 262, 546, 562, 629, 635-6, 674, 679; other observance of, 78; thought to produce mushrooms, 219; stage, 468

Thyme, 571

Tiberius, emperor, 59, 776

Tick, 67

Tide, 254, 274, 351, 517, 530, 703

Tigellinus, 259, 263, 265

Tiger, 256, 502

Tigris-Euphrates, 13-6, 281-2

_Ti’i_, 18

Time, devices for telling, 115, 144, 187, 276, 333, 395; observed in magic, 645

Titus, emperor, 42, 45

Toad, 771

Tobias nights, 688

Toledo, 657

Tomb, Egyptian, 9, 14

Tongue, 98, 150; use of, 175, 726, 779; gift of, 208, 386

Tooth, 68, 82, 84, 159, 279, 599, 600, 656, 769; extracting, filling, etc., 175, 573, 779

Toothache, cures for, 56, 68, 88-90, 169, 175, 577, 588-9, 592, 599, 614, 724, 727, 755

Toothpowder, 236

Topaz, 495

Top, spinning, 487

Torpedo, 159

Tortoise, 68, 74, 76, 88, 91, 325, 626, 764

Torture, 381, 538

Touch, 324

Tower, of Babylon, 16

Trade, 486, 494; and see Merchant, Business

Tradition, see Authority, Legend, Textual history

Trajan, emperor, 135, 373

Transfer, magic, see Disease

Transformation, magic, 21, 23, 226, 250, 280, 390, 393, 399, 415-7, 424, 446, 470, 509, 561-2, 630, 773; and see Werwolf

Translation, Latin, of Ptolemy, 106, 109-10; Galen, 121, 176; Hero, 189; church fathers, 445, 484; post-classical and early medieval, 570, 576, 619, chap. xxiv; from the Arabic, 611, 690-1, chaps. xxviii, xxx, xxxii; pretended, 292; Anglo-Saxon, 638; other vernacular, 498, 612, 677, 778; Greek, 331, 342, 637; magic, 430; Arabic, 106, 189, 292, 498, 554, 607, 652-3

Travel, 575, 668, 743

Tree, 255; of knowledge, 367, 474; of life, 350; sun and moon, 474

Trial, for heresy or magic, Apuleius, 222, 232-40; Apollonius, 249; Priscillian, 381; Basilius, 639

Triangle, 206, 356

_Trigona_, Trigones, or _Triplicitates_, 114, 184

Trigonometry, 107

Trinity, 479, 541, 619-20

Triptolemus, 546

Trivia, 236

Trojan war, 260, 271, 294, 363

Trophonius, cave of, 204, 206, 248, 282

Truth, devotion to, 400; Galen, 118-9, 123, 127; Plotinus, 300; Plain of, 211; Simon’s Helen and, 364-5

Tube, hidden, 469

Tübingen theory, 423

Tumor, 71, 82, 93, 571, 587, 590, 599

Tunis, 744

Tunny fish, 218

Turpentine, 132

Tuscan, 598

_Tutia_, 132

Twelve, 14, 383, 385, 411, 495

Twins, 81; argument from, against astrology, 273, 275, 514

Typhon, 463, 558

Tyriac, see Theriac

Ulcer, 580, 779

Underground, magic learned, 280; and see Burial

Underwear, 386, 581

Underworld, 16, 251, 282, 383, 470

Unguent, 55, 128-30, 133, 142, 169, 229, 367, 420, 739, 755

Unicorn, 255, 636

Universals and particulars, 622

Universe, theories of, 180-1, 193, 210, 254, 312, 361-4, 371, 397; duration of, 374-6, 541; sphericity of, 408

Urine, use of, 81-3, 325, 573, 581, 640, 684, 737, 746, 763, 766-9; emission of, 69, 739, 756

Ursa Major, 355

Utensils, 624

Vacuum, 189, 669

Valentinus the Gnostic, 364, 374, 411, 488

Valve, 192; in brain, 659

Vampire, see _Empousa_, _Lamia_

Vapor, 141

Vaporization, 724

Vascular system, 30

Vases, Greek, 266, 770

Vein, 147, 576, 728

Venesection, see Bleeding

Ventriloquism, 352, 448, 470, 560; and see Endor, witch of

Venus, goddess, 236; planet, 96-7

Verbena, an herb, 66, 76, 614, 725

Vernacular literature, 3; and see Translation

Verus, L., emperor, 124

Vervain, see Verbena

Vespasian, emperor, 253

Vesuvius, Mt., 45

Veterinary, 593, 722, 724, 730

Vinegar, 57, 71, 169, 175, 768

Vineyard, 604

Violet, 751

Viper, use of, 91, 142, 159, 170, 173, 218, 294, 331, 572, and see Theriac; remedy against, 213, 490, 721; mode of generation, 172, 238, 255, 277, 323, 409, 491

Virgin and Virginity, 55, 83, 90, 93, 216, 279, 326, 431, 491, 639, 763; and see Chastity, and Mary, Virgin

Virtue, see Occult

Virtues, three, 479; four, 675

Vision, theory of, 659, 669

Vitriol, 764

Vivisection, 147

Voice, 134, 146, 180, 184

Volcano, 254

Vowels, 92, 356, 371, 379

Vulture, 89, 333, 580, 724, 726, 729

Wall, of house, 69

Wand, magic, 20, 252, 508, 560

War and Warfare, 187, 358; decried, 6, 46-7, 122

Warts, to get rid of, 71, 88, 166, 589, 737

Washing, ceremonial, 295, 730

Wasp, 332

Water, and Waters, 142, 373, 408, 490; above the firmament, 181, 346, 458, 487, 632; drinking, 685; dissolves magic, 227, 722; in which feet washed, 175; marvelous, medical, and chemical, 102, 183, 197, 329, 763; -jar and -works, 187, 191-2; clock, see Time; underground, 55; and see Fountain, Holy, Stream, Sea, etc.

Wave theory, see Sound

Wax, 71, 229, 467-8, 571, 738; and see Image

Weasel, 80, 231, 331, 396, 409, 460, 636; and see Rue, tasted by

Weather, observed, 178; predicted, 97, 115, 181, 185, 231, 325, 463, 605, 642, 647; and see Rain-making, Storm-averting magic

Well, 55, 251, 271

Werwolf, 23, 51, 339

Whale, 49

Wheat, 373, 598

Wheel, 192, 382; magic or solar, 266; of fortune, 683

Whetstone, 71

White, 78-9, 215, 295, 755

Widow, 71

Will, free, relation to fate and the stars, 210, 275-6, 306, 315, 374-5, 412, 456, 475, 513, 518, 531, 620-2

William Rufus, king of England, 673

Wind, 16, 78, 373, 676, 678, 728

Wine, 55, 68-9, 132, 137, 142, 231, 263, 295, 572, 581, 605-6, 721, 739, 765; and see Falernian

Witch, Witchcraft, and Wizard, 2, 18-9, 164, 172, 203, 225-31, 251, 344, 373, 407, 535, 599, 722; and see Goetia, Old-wives, Sorcery

Wolf, 80, 93, 172, 219, 332, 587-8, 656, 726; and see Werwolf

Woman, 396, 588, 710, 740-1; diseases of, 82, 142, 289, 536, 746

Wood, 233

Woodpecker, 23, 78

Wool, 89, 173, 590, 656

Words, power of, 10, 24, 152, 207, 231, 239, 279, 299, 311, 370, 378, 384, 414, 422-31, 438, 445, 449-52, 476, 507, 561-2, 605, 627, 644, 666; and see Incantation

World-soul, 96, 150, 210, 254, 299, 303, 349, 358, 410, 544, 622

Worm, 89, 94, 582, 729, 754, 768; and see Earthworm, Tape-worm

Wormwood, 722

Writing, a sin, 344; invisible, 265

Wryneck, 265-7

Yahweh, 446

Year 1000 A. D., 675

Yew, 81

York, 689

Youth, renewed or perpetual, see Elixir, Fountain, Longevity

Zeus, 23, 193, 284, 380

Zodiac, 14, 16, 96, 98, 114, 179, 184, 283, 354, 378, 492, 520, 679, 711, 728; and parts of human body, 662, 673-4, 777

Zoology, 237, 503; and see Animal

Zone, 376

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

Names of authors, editors, translators, publishers, etc., in Roman type. Titles and periodicals in italics. Leading passages in italics. Bibliographical abbreviations, such as EB, HL, PG, PL, are as a rule not indexed. In the abbreviated titles such opening words as _De_ and _Liber_ are omitted to facilitate alphabetical arrangement. In proper names _De_ and _Von_ are usually designated by _d._ and _v._, and are treated as initials.

Abammon, 307

Abano, Peter of, 162, 179, 409, 600, 610, 651, 665, 710, 714

Abdallah, 693

Abdias, 425-6

Abel, A., 434

Abel, E., 291, 293, 463

Abelard, Peter, 475, 544

Abgarus, 395

_Abhandlungen d. bayr. Akad._, 567-8

_Abhandlungen d. Berlin Akad._, 121, 468, 732

_Abhandlungen z. Gesch. d. Math. Wiss._, 642

Abraham the patriarch, reputed book of, 445

Abraham, cited by Firmicus, 537

Abraham of Tortosa, 611

Abt, _Apologie d. Apuleius_, 22, 239

Abu Jafar Ahmed Ibn-al-Jezzar, 745

Abu Sa’id Schâdsan, 651

_Accad. dei Lincei, Rendiconti dell’_, 499

_Accad. di Monaco, Atti dell’_, 551

_Acta Sanctorum_, 296

_Acts of the Apostles_, 136, 510

_Acts_ (Apocryphal) _of Archelaus_, 398 _of Barnabas_, 397 _of John_, 397 _of Nereus and Achilles_, 425 _of Paul_, 396 _of Paul and Thecla_, 395 _of Peter_, 405 _of Peter and Andrew_, 396 _of Peter and Paul_, 397, 424 _of Philip_, 397 _of Pilate_, 390, 395 _of Thomas_, 374, 397

Adalmus, 673

Adam, _Moon-Book_, 682

Adam of Bremen, 773

Adam of St. Victor, 398

Adams, F., 568

Ad-Damîrî, 393, 688

Adelard of Bath, 100, 468, 652, 664, 706, 773

Adelbold, 706-7

Ademarus Cabannensis, 704

Adhelmus, see Aldhelm

Aelfric, 484, 677

Aelian, 238, 300, _322-6_, 331

Aemilius Macer, 612

Aeschrion, 178

Aeschylus, 325

Aesculapius, 537, 597-8, 600, 735

Aesop, 553

Aethicus, see Ethicus

Aetius of Amida, 163, 170, 292, _chap. xxv_

Agathodaemon, 195

Agathias, 575

_Aggregator_, 611

Agricola, _De re metal._, 132, 329

Agrippa, H. C., _Occult Philosophy_, 454, 653

Ahrens, K., 497, 499, 503

Ajasson, 42

Alandraeus, see Alchandrus

Albaihaqi, 670

Albandinus, 716

Alberic the Deacon, 752

Albertus Magnus, 158, 163, 326, 600, 658, 725, 772 _Animal._, 503, 563, 746 _Causis et propriet._, 563 _Mineral._, 501, 653 _Somno et vigilia_, 359 _Speculum astronomiae_, 647, 650, 664 _Veget. et plantis_, 653

Albucasis, 742

Albumasar, 524, 647, _649-52_, 691 _Conjunctions_, 649-51 _Experiments_, 649 _Flores_, 649-50 _Greater Introduction_, 649 _Lesser Introduction_, 652 _Mysteries_, 651 _Rains_, 651-2 _Revolutions_, 651 _Sadan_, 651 _Searching of the Heart_, 649

Alchadrinus or Alchandrinus, see Alchandrus

Alchandrus, _710-19_ _Breviary_, 714ff. _Mathematica_, 710ff.

_Alchamia_, 774

Alchimus, 601

Alcibiades, see Helxai, Book of

Alcuin, 556, 617, 658

Aldhelm, 636

Aldus, see _Medici antiqui_

Alexander the Great, 331, 578 astrological treatises, 712ff. _Mirabilibus Indiae_, _555-6_, 564 _Responsio ad Dindimum_, 556

Alexander of Aphrodisias, 578

Alexander Polyhistor, 341

Alexander of Tralles, _chap. xxv_, 137-8, 174, 596, 721, 747

Alexandre, _Oracula Sibyllina_, 287

Alexis, _Mandragorizomene_, 22

Alfanus, 752-3

Al-Farabi, 744

Alfraganus, 737

Alfred the Great, king, 637

Algazel, 744

_Alhabib, Book of_, 763

Alhandreus, see Alchandrus

Ali ibn Abbas, _Khitaab el Maleki_, 747

Alkindi, chap xxviii _Deceits of Alchemists_, 649 _Empire of Arabs_, 648 _Judgments_, 648 _Geomancy_, 648 _Pluviis_, 647-8 _Properties of Swords_, 649 _Somno et visione_, 646 _Spectaculis_, 642 _Stellar Rays_, 643-6

Allard, P., 298

Alma, J. d’, 349

_Alphita_, 600

_Alte Orient_, 7, 33-5

Amatus of Salerno, 752

Ambrose, 426, 447, 494, 499, 505, 686 _Hexaemeron_, 482-3, 485 _Moribus Brachmannorum_, 557

Amélineau, 360, 377

_American Historical Association Papers_, 632

_American Journal of Archaeology_, 17

_American Mathematical Monthly_, 31

_American Society of Church History Papers_, 406

Amigeron, see Damigeron

Ammianus Marcellinus, 285, 288, 318-9, 527

Amplonius, _Catalogue of MSS_, 267

Anastasius Antiochenus, 469

Anaxagoras, 456

Anaxandrides, 22

Anaxilas, 22

Anaxilaus, 88, 214

Anaximenes, 181

Andreas, 154

Andrian, F. v., 16

Andromachus, 171

Angelus, J., 106, 525

_Annales de la Faculté des Lettres de Bordeaux_, 704

_Annales du Service des Antiquités de l’Egypte_, 14

_Année Sociologique_, 6

Ansileubus, 503

_Ante-Nicene Fathers_, 387, and Book II _passim_

_Anthropologie, L’_, 6

Antipater, 185

Antisthenes, 553

Antonius Eparchus, 745

Antonius Musus, 600

Anz, _Gnostizismus_, 360, 383

Aomar, 647

Aphaxad, 435

Apion, 405

_Apocrypha_, _chap. xvi_, 342, 406

Apollonius, to whom works of magic are ascribed, 267

Apollonius of Perga, 663

Apollonius of Tyana, _Epistles_ and _Will_, 244; and see other index

Apollonius and Galen, 723

Apostles, see _Acts_, _Constitutiones_, _Didascalia_

Apuleius of Madaura, _chap. vii_, 165, 242, 290, 309, 390, 465, 508 _Apology_, 222-5, 232-41, 463 _Dogma of Plato_, 222, 241, 596 _Florida_, 222, 233 _God of Socrates_, 222, 240-1 _Golden Ass or Metamorphoses_, 222-32, 241, 332, 406, 509 _Natural Questions_, 237 _Universe_, 222 dubious or spurious _Asclepius_, see Hermes Trismegistus grammatical and rhetorical, 596 _Herbarium_, _chap. xxvi_, 696 _Sphere_, _chap. xxix_, 197, 596

Aquinas, Thomas, 519, 544, 658

Aratus, 709

Arcandam, 716

_Archaeologia_, chap. xxxiii

Archandrinus, see Alchandrus

Archigenes, 137, 152, 168, 176

Archimatthaeus, 738

Archimedes, 29, 663 _Catoptrica_, 237

Archinapolus, 185

_Archiv f. Gesch. d. Medizin_, 188, 737

_Archiv f. Kunde österreich. Geschichtsquellen_, 498

_Archiv f. Studium d. Neuer. Sprachen_, 673

Arendzen, J. P., 360, 371

Aretaeus, 570

Aretinus Quilichinus, 558

Arevalus, 402, 623

Arfarfan or Argafalan or Argafalaus, 711

Aristarchus, 31, 219

Aristodemus, 574

Aristophanes, 24 _Birds_, 324 _Goetes_, 22

Aristotle, 3, 26, 32, 103, 139, 146, 153, 180, 205, 210, 237-8, 317, 408, 451, 553, 563, 565, 619-20, 632, 642, 657, 663-5, 764 _Animals, History of_, 24-30, 50, 129, 240, 255, 331, 486, 491, 503 _Categoriis_, 677 _Generatione_, 30 _Interpretatione_, 677 _Metaphysics_, 621 _Meteorology_, 486 _Partibus_, 30 _Physics_, 622 _Politics_, 97 dubious or spurious _Images_, 666 _Lapidary_, 654, 656, 671, 756 _Secret of Secrets_, 555

Arnald of Villanova, 162, 653, 688, 736-7, 741

Arnheim, 316

Arnobius, 423, 505

Arnold of Saxony, 611

Arrian, 553

Artemidorus, 201

Artephius or Artesius, 774

_Asakki marsûti_, 18

Ascalu the Ishmaelite, 711

_Ascension of Isaiah_, 399

Asclepiades, 141, 168

_Asclepius_, see Hermes Trismegistus

Ashmole, E., _Theatrum chemicum Britannicum_, 773

Astrolabe, anonymous treatises on, chap. xxx

Athenaeus, 120, 196, 202

Athenagoras, 288

Aubert u. Wimmer, 73

Audollent, 28

Aufidius Bassus, 45

Augustine, _chap. xxii_, 241-2, 288, 303, 447, 476, 485, 617, 626, 628, 658, 660, 686, 692 _Anima_, 147 _Cataclysmo_, 507 _City of God_ (_Civitate Dei_), 320, 326, chap. xxii, 535, 552-4 _Confessions_, 459, 504-5, 509, 511 _Consensu Evangelistarum_, 505 _Contra Academicos_, 518 _Contra Faustum_, 518 _Contra Priscillianistas_, 519 _Diversis quaestionibus_, 508, 510, 514 _Divinatione daemonum_, 508 _Doctrina Christiana_, 508, 521 _Enchiridion_, 519 _Epistolae_, 241, 514 _Genesi ad litteram_, 483, 504-5, 509, 511, 514, 518-9, 521-2, 660-1 _Haer._, 369 _Octo Dulcitii quaest._, 510 _Quaestiones ex Novo Test._, 518 _Sermones_, 426, 507, 514, 518 _Sermones supposititi_, 522 _Trinitate_, 506-9

Aulus Gellius, 50, 59, 202, 269, 354

Auracher, T. M., and Stadler, H., 610

Ausfeld, A., 551

Ausfeld and Kroll, 551

Avezac, d’, 601

Avicenna, 658, 660 _Anima_, 766 _Divis. philos._, 744

Axt and Riegler, 293

Babelon, E., 341

Babut, E. C., 381

Bacon, Roger, 108, 163, 341, 409, 601, 603, 646, 661, 665, 766

Baethgen, 73

Bald and Cild, _720-2_, 733

Barach, S., 658

Bardaisan or Bardesanes, _373-7_, 381, 412, 457, 471, 475, 782

Barlama, 138

Barnabas, 404, 408 _Epistle_, 396, 409; and see _Acts_ (Apocryphal)

Barnes, C. L., 773

Bartholomew of England, _De proprietatibus rerum_, 170, 484, 501, 503, 578, 611, 660, 686

_Baruch, Book of_, 399

Basil, _Hexaemeron_, _chap. xxi_, 322, 458, 476, 504, 552-4

Basil and Gregory, _Philocalia_, 405-6

Basset, R., 398-9

Bate, Henri, 650

Bateson, M., 689-90

_Bath Occult Reprint Series_, 291

Battle, W. C., 28

Baudry de Balzac, 736

Baur, L., 744

Beazley, R., 326, 480, 601

Becker, H., 551

Beckh, H., 604

Beckmann, _Marbod_, 775

Bede, 476, 617, _634-6_, 658, 675, 683, 688, 694, 702 _Hexaemeron_, 485 _Natura rerum_, 634-5, 676, 695 _Samuel_, 635 _Temporibus_, 634-5 _Tonitruis_, 635-6, 679

Belenus, 267

Bellarminus, 469

Belon, P., 131

Bennett, W. H., 446

Bentwich, N., 349

Berengarius, 701-2

Bernadakes, G. N., 202

Bernard of Clairvaux, St. 502, 658

Bernard Gordon, see Gordon

Bernard of Provence, 740

Bernard Silvester, 717

Bernays, 73

Berosus, 95, 104, 185

Berthelot, P. E. M., 540 _Archéologie_ (1906), 12 _Chimie_ (1893), 670, 697, 761 _Introduction_ (1889), 12, 199, 544 _Origines_ (1885), 12-3, 59, 193, 292, 369, 544, 559 _Voyages_ (1895), 131

Berthelot et Ruelle (1887-8), 193, 320, 683

_Bestiary_, 498

Bevan, A. A., 374

Bezogar, 682

Bezold, 16

Bezold, C., 34

Bible, 16, 138, 246, 342, 350, 352, 361-2, 385-6, 405, 439, chap. xxi, 511, 546, 583, 681, 729; and see names of individual books of

_Bibliotheca Mathematica_, 188, 193

_Bibliotheca Patrum_, 426

_Bibl. d. l’École des Hautes Études_, 381, 765

Bikélas, 73

Billerbeck, 73

Bisse, E., 557

Bivilaqua, 525

Björnbo and Vogl, 642, 663

_Bl. f. bayr. Gymn._, 73

Boethius, 109, 527, _618-22_, 658, 677

Boissier, A., 34

Boll, F., 14, 16, 105, 111, 291, 316, 524-5, 683

_Bollettino della Società geografica italiana_, 480

Bolus de Mendes, 50

Boncompagni, B., _Gherardo Cremonese_, 163

Bonnet, _Acta apostolorum apocrypha_, 397

_Book of Changes_, 6

_Book of the Dead_, 9, 362

_Book of the Saviour_, 369, 377

_Book of Secrets_, 670

_Book of Seventy_, 670 for Book of, see also Alhabib, Baruch, Crates, Enoch, Helxai, Jeû

Borgnet, A., 664

Bostock, J., and Riley, H. T., chap. ii, 175, 214, 329

Bouché-Leclercq, A., 50, 59, 112, 292-3, 297, 308, 316, 476, 683, 687

Bouchier, E. S., 313, 380, 434

Bousset, W., 349, 361

Box, E. B., 619

Box, G. H., 351

Brandt, W., 383

Braulio, 623-4, 628

Breasted, J. H., 12 _History of Egypt_, 8-12 _Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt_, 7-10

Brehaut, E., 623, 625

Bréhier, E., 348-9

_Breslau, Philol. Abhandl._, 297

Briau, R. M., 125

Bridges, R. H., 603, 661

_British Museum Catalogue of Vases_, 266

Brock, A. J., 119, 122

Brougniart, A., 761

Brown, J. Wood, 670

Browne, C. A., 194

Browne, E. G., 660, 674

Browne, Thomas, 354

Bubnov, 501, chap. xxx

Budge, E. A. W. _Alexander_, 551, 562-3 _Egyptian Magic_, 7-14, 233, 686

_Bulletin Hispanique_, 704

_Bulletin et Mém. d. l. Société Archéol. d. dept. d’Ille-et-Vilaine_, 775

_Bulletin d. l. Société d. Géographie_, 565

Bunbury, _History of Ancient Geography_, 601

Burchard of Worms, 630

Burckhardt, J., 690

Burkett, F. C., 374

Burnam, J. M., 704

Burr, G. L., 2, 630

Burton, W., 762

Bury, J. B., 266-7, 388

Busson, G., 7

Butler, H. E., and Owen, A. S., _Apulei Apologia_, 22, 224ff.

Buttmann, P., 340

_Byzant. Zeitschrift_, 497

Caecilius, 94

Caelius Aurelianus, 625

Caesar, J., see Weber, C. F., and

Cahier, _Nouveaux Mélanges_, 498

Cahier et Martin, Mélanges, 498

Cajori, 188

Calderon, 432

Callisthenes (on roots), 495

Callisthenes Pseudo-, _chap. xxiv_, 7, 331

Calvin, 447

_Cambridge Medieval History_, 524

_Cambridge University Texts and Studies_, 342

Camerarius, J., 556

Campbell, C., 8

Capart, _Primitive Art in Egypt_, 6

Capella, see Martianus

Caraccio, 349

Cardan, 769

Carra de Vaux, 188, 653, 661

Carrarioli, D., 551

Casaubon, 213

Cassianus Bassus, 604

Cassiodorus, 545, 617, 619, 625 _Institutes_, 483, 608 _Letters_, 639

Cassius Felix, 607

_Catalogus codicum Graecorum astrologorum_, 28, 116, 291, 651

Cato, _De re rustica_, 93

Cecco d’Ascoli, 267, 665

Celsus, 282 _Against magicians_, 278 _True Discourse_, chap. xix

Celsus the medical writer, 727

Censorinus, 354, 371, 690

Chaeremon, 315, 457

Chalcidius, 476

Chapman, 405

Charles, R. H., chap. xiii, 488-9 _Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha_, 287, chap. xiii _Ascension of Isaiah_, 399 _Book of Enoch_, chap. xiii

Charles and Forbes, chap. xiii

Charles and Morfill, chap. xiii

Charterius, R., 119

Chavannes, E., et Pelliot, P., 383

Chiron the centaur, 434, 597-8

Choulant, L., 578, 612-3

Christ, _Gesch. d. Griech. Litt._, 105, 201, 215, 540

_Christliches Kunstblatt_, 497

Chrysippus, 50, 146

Chrysostom, John, _472-6_, 480, 494, 499 _Naturis bestiarum_, 499 _Sixth Homily on Matthew_, 472-4 _Spurious Homily on Matthew_, 472-5

Chwolson, D. A., 661-3

Cicero, 50, 232, 597 _Divinatione_, 97, _268-73_ _Dream of Scipio_, 273, 544 _Republic_, 274

Cild, see Bald and

Cillié, G. G., 555

Clark and Geikie, 101

_Classical Philology_, 530

_Classical Review_, 21, 525

Clement Pseudo, 363-4, _chap. xvii_ _Circuits_, 404 _Homilies_, 364-5, chap. xvii _Itinerarium_, 402 _Recognitions_, 231, 364-5, _chap. xvii_

Clement of Alexandria, _Stromata_, 288, 476, 499

Cleopatra, 152, 196, 655

Clerval, _Hermann le Dalmate_, 701-2

Clinton, _Fasti_, 124, 135

Clitomachus, 268

Cockayne, O., _Leechdoms_, 596, 679, 720ff., 734, 776 _Narratiunculae_, 556

Cohn, L., 348, 351

Collenucius, P., 53

Colombo, _De re anatomica_, 147

_Columbia University Studies in History, etc._, 622

Columella, 50, 59

Colville, G., 619

Combarieu, J., 6, 568

_Compositiones ad tingenda_, chap. xxxiii

_Compotus_ or _Computus_, 676-7

Comte, 107

Confucian Canon, 6

_Congrès scientifique international des catholiques_, 7, 297, 701

_Congress, International, of Medicine_, 131, 145, 640, 667, 673

_Congress, International, of Orientalists_, 380

Constantinus Africanus, _chap. xxxii_, 577, 610, 653, 657, 731 _Antidotarium_, 747 _Aureus_, 757-9 _Chirurgia_, 747-8 _Coitu_, 742, 753 _Compendium megategni_, 749 _Experimentis_, 753 _Febrium_, 742, 750 _Graduum_, 613, 748, 750-1, 755-6 _Humana natura_, 659-60, 757 _Melancholia_, 658-9, 742, 751-2, 755 _Oblivione_, 742 _Pantegni_, 658-9, 746ff. _Simplicis medicinae_, 748 _Stomacho_, 742, 752-3 _Tegni, Megategni, Microtegni_, 749 _Urinis_, 750 _Viaticum_, 742, 745, 749ff., 753, 756

_Constitutiones apostolorum_, 422

Conybeare, F. C., 247, 348-9

Cook, A. B., _Zeus_, 23, 296, 379, 429

Cook, A. S., 499

Cordier, H., see Yule, _Marco Polo_

Cordo, see Simon of Genoa

Cornarius, I., 566ff.

Cornford, F. M., 23

_Corpus Medicorum Graecorum_, 119

Cory, _Ancient Fragments_, 297

Cory, A. T., _Horapollo_, 331

Cosmas Indicopleustes, 480

Costa ben Luca, 652-9 _Differentia Spiritus et animae_, 657-9 _Hero’s Mechanics_, 189, 652 _Physical Ligatures_, 652-7

Cousin, V., _Procli Opera_, 319

Coxe, H. O., 52, 121, 478, 701, 715

Craig, J. A., 33-4

_Crates, Book of_, 763

Crateuas, 606

Crawford, W. S., 540

Creuzer, F., 299

Crinas of Marseilles, 98

Crito, 152

Critodemus, 95

Croiset, 282

Crophill, John, 684-5

Cruice, Abbé, 466

Cumont, F. _Babylon u. d. Griech. Astrologie_, 34 _Oriental Religions_, 21, 296, 533

Cunningham, W., 495

_Cunningham Memoirs of Royal Irish Academy_, 293

Curtiss, S. I., 33

Curtze, 706

Cushman, H. E., 26

Cyprian, of Antioch _Confessio_, 296, _chap. xviii_ _Martyrium_, 428

Cyprian of Carthage, 463, 465

Cyril, 398, 476

Cyril of Alexandria, 570

Cyril of Jerusalem, 423

Dalechamps, 329

Dalton, O. M., 237, 498, 607

Damigeron, 293, 558, 605, 777

Damis of Nineveh, chap. viii, 407

Damocrates, 135

Daniel the prophet, 385, 679-80

Daniel of Morley, 744

Dante, _Convivio_, 619 _Divine Comedy_, 340, 361

Daremberg, C. V., 600, 731, 736 _Galien comme philosophe_, 124 _Galien sur l’anatomie_, 122, 141, 145 _Hist. d. Sciences Médicales_, 570-1, 577, 743ff. _Notices et Extraits_, 598, 742ff.

Daremberg et Saglio, 22, 27, 164, 265

Daressy, G., 14

d’Avezac, see Avezac

_De aluminibus et salibus_, 670

_De anima_, 766

De la Ville de Mirmont, 673

De Morgan, 108

De Renzi, see Renzi

_De spiritu et anima_, 658

_De vetula_, 691

Delambre, J. B. J., 108, 663

Delisle, L., 698

Democritus, 50, 58-9, 61-6, 80, 84, 91, 97, 140, 196-8, 205, 329, 582, 605, 629, 682-3, 733

_Denkschr. d. Akad. Wien_, 73

Detlefsen, D., 42, 52

_Deuteronomy_, 453, 456

Deventer, 316

Dhorme, P., 33

Dicaearchus, 180, 213

_Dict. Chris. Biog._, 362-3

_Dict. National Biog._, 291, etc.

Dicuil, 326

_Didascalia Apostolorum_, 422

Didot, 106, 180

Didymus of Alexandria, 463, 604

Diels, H., 119, 121, 468

Dierich, 381

Dieterich, A., 288

Dieterici, F., 642

_Digest_, see Justinian

Dillmann, 399

Dindimus, 341, 556

Dindorf, 282, 415, etc.

Dio Cassius, 201, 259

Dio Chrysostom, 425

Diocles Carystius, 178

Diodorus of Tarsus, 476

Diogenes Laertius, 22, 97, 196

Diogenes the Stoic, 273

Dionysius the Areopagite, _546-7_

Dionysius Exiguus, 484

Dioscorides, 131, 154, 199, 495, 571, 597, _605-11_, 613, 625, 755, 761, 764

Dioscorides-Pseudo, 239 _Herbis femininis_, 609 _Lapidibus_, 611, 654

Dittmeyer, 27

Döllinger, I. I., 705

Domitius Piso, 44

Donatus, St., 684

Dorotheus, 648

Doutté, E., 5

Druon, H., 540

Dryoff, A., 73

Dübner, Fr., 552

Duhem, P., _Système du Monde_, 106, 456-9, 481, 504

Duncker, 466

Dunstan, 773

Duruy, 135

Ebers, G., 10

Ebrubat Zafar filie Elbazar, 745

_Ecclesiasticus_, 510

Edling, 381

Egidius de Tebaldis, 110

_Egyptian Days_, chap. xxix, app. ii

_Elizinus_, 267

Elkman, V. W., 491

Elliot Smith, 12

Empedocles, 23, 58, 61, 153, 204, 234, 247

_Encyclopedia Britannica_, 301, etc.

_Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics_, 22, 383, etc.

Endres, J. A., 753

Engelbert of Liège, 673

Engelbrecht, 116, 538

Enoch _Book of_, chap. xiii, 208, 350, 399, 410, 454, 457-8, 463 _Fifteen Stars, Herbs, and Stones_, 664 _Secrets of_, chap. xiii

_Ephemeris f. semit. Epig._, 389

_Ephodia_, 745, 749

Ephraem Syrus, 374, 381

Epicharmus, 86

Epicurus, 140-1, 151, 169, 180, 270, 451

Epigenes, 95

Epimenides, 234

Epiphanius, 405-6, 476, 488, 499, 503 _Contra haereses_, 369, 458 _Duodecim gemmis_, 495-6 _Epist. ad Joan. Jerosolymit._, 458-9 _Panarion_, 363-4, 369, 415, 434, _494-5_ _Ponderibus et mensuris_, 627

Epping, J., and Strassmeier, J. N., 34

Eratosthenes, 709

Erhard, _Fauna d. Cykladen_, 73

Erkenhard, 677

_Erlanger Beiträge z. engl. Philol._, 733

Erman, A., 7

Ernault, L. V. E., 775

_Errors condemned at Oxford and Paris_, 642-3

Esdras, _Supputatio_, 677, 682

Ethé, 551

Ethelwold, 705

Ethicus, _Cosmographia_, _600-604_

Étienne, R., see Stephanus

Euclid, 29, 139, 663 _Geometry_, 705-6 _Optics_, 669

Eudemus, 237

Eudoxus, 61

Eugene of Palermo, 108

Eugenius Toletanus, 696

Eunapius, 297

Euripides, 22

Eusebius, 261, 374, 395, 405, 466 _Against Apollonius_, 246 _Praep. Evang._, 297, 317, 320, 341, 354, 457

Eustache of Kent, 564

Eustathius Afer, 484-5

Eustathius of Antioch, 470

Evans, A. J., 301

Evans, E. P., 497

Evax, 463, chap. xxxiv

Everard, John, 291

Ewald, 341

_Exodus_, 386

Eyssenhardt, F., 545

Fabricius, J. A. _Bibl. Graec._, 599, 743 _Cod. apocr._, 387, 425-6 _Sextus Empiricus_, 269

Farnell, _Greece and Babylon_, 15, 17-8, 23-4

_Fasti Philocaliani_, 686

Favorinus, 269, 274-5

Favre, G., 551

Fell, John, 428

Ferrarius, 747

Ferry, C., 775

Fialon, 484

Ficinus, Marsilius, 319

Finlayson, J., 119, 138-9, 143

Firmicus Maternus, Julius, 116, 125, _525-38_, 689, 698, 705, 710, 782 _Errore_, 525-9 _Mathesis_, 525-38

Fischer, A., 673

Flaccus Africanus, 267

Florentinus, 425

_Florilegia_, 618

Flügel, G., 640

Fogginius, 495

Folcz, John, 612

_Folk-lore_, 24

Forbes, see Charles and

Förster, M., 673

Fossey, 15, 17-20, 33

Fossi, F., 53

Fowler, H. W., and F. G., 277

Fowler, W. W., 73

_Französiche Studien_, 499

Frazer, J. G., 5 _Folk-lore in Old Testament_, 16, 170, 231, 341, 359, 386, 448, 493, 688 _Golden Bough_, 5, 568 _Magic Art_, 1, 386 _Popular Superstitions_, 24

Frederick II, emperor, 106, 737

Free, John, 52

Freeman, _History of Sicily_, 22

Freind, see Friend

Freud, 178

Friend, John, 569, 576

Frommberger, G., 401

Fronto, 537

Frothingham, 17

Fuchs, 380

Funk, F. X., 422

Gaisford, 341

Galen, _chap. iv_, 32, 56, 284, 288, 292, 569-74, 597, 605, 613-4, 626, 653-4, 656, 663, 666-7, 739, 747, 754-6 _Ad Pisonem de theriaca_, 130, 170, 177 _Alimentorum facultatibus_, 137, 159 _Anatom. administ._, 121, 123, 152 _Antidot._, 154, 171 _Cognoscendis curandisque animi morbis_, 123 _Compound medicines_, 125, 152, 160, 172 _Critical days_, 157, 179 _Diagnosis from Dreams_, 177 _Differentiis pulsorum_, 137 _Dinamidis_, 727-8, 742 _Euporista_, see _Remediis parabilibus_ _Foetuum formatione_, 150 _Healing art_, 176 _Hippocratic commentaries_, 119-21, 177, 749 _Libriis propriis_, 124, 133 _Malitia complexionis diversae_, 125 _Medicinal simples_, 121, 132, 158, 166-71, 572, 611 _Methodo medendi_, 123, 127, 133, 155, 178 _Naturalibus facultatibus_, 123 _Ordine librorum_, 133 _Platonic commentaries_, 124, 138 _Prognos. ad Epigenem_, 124 _Remediis parabilibus_, 127, 161, 175 _Substantia facultatum naturalium_, 170 _Temperamentis_, 119 _Theriaca ad Pamphilianum_, 170 _Throat and lungs_, 134 _Usu partium_, 119, 138, 150-1 _Venae sectione_, 125 _Victu_, 119 dubious or spurious _Experiments_, 162, 720 _Liber medicinalis_, 600 _Medical Treatment in Homer_, 582 _Placitis philosophorum_, 180-1 _Prognostication by astrology_, 178 _Secrets_, 752 and see Apollonius and

Gamaliel, Jewish patriarch, 584-5

Ganschinietz, 467

Garcilasso, 17

Gargilius Martialis, 608

Gariopontus, 577, 733

Garrison, F. H., 164

Garrod, H. W., 95

Garver, M., 499

Geber, 670, 763

Geikie, see Clark and

Gelasius, pope, 389, 404, 406

_Genealogus_, 326

Gentile da Foligno, 164

_Genesis_, 181, 193, 341, 386, 445, chap. xxi, 521

_Geoponica_, 59, 463, _604-5_

Gerard Bituricensis, see Gerard de Solo

Gerard of Cremona, 109-10, 646, 648, 750

Gerard de Solo, 747, 749

Gerbert, _chap. xxx_

Gerson, 106

Gesner, 322

Giacosa, P., 731, 739

Gibbon, E., 285

Gibson, M. D., 428

Gilbert of England, 162, 577, 688

Gilbert Maminot, 673

Giles de Corbeil, 737

Giles, J., 636 and see Egidius de Tebaldis

Gillert, K., 684

Ginzel, F. K., 34

Giovannino di Graziano, 682

Giovene, G. M., 686

Giry, A., 764

Glaber, see Raoul

Glover, T. R., 544 _Golden Legend_, see Jacobus de Voragine

Goldstaub, M., 497, 503

Goldstaub and Wendriner, 499

Gollancz, H., 380

Goodwin, W. W., 202-3

Gordon, Bernard, 688, 740

_Gospels_, 674, 725, 754; and see individual names

_Gospel of the Infancy_, chap. xvi

Goujet, 672

Goupyl, J., 567

Govi, G., 107

Graetz, 349

Gratian, _Decretum_, 630-1

Gray, C. D., 33

Gray, L. A., 296

Greenwood, J. G., 188

Gregory I, the Great, pope, _Dialogues_, 405, 593, _637-9_

Gregory Bar-Hebraeus, 662

Gregory of Nyssa, 447, 505 _Against Fate_, 471 _Hexaemeron_, 459, 481 _Ventriloquist_, 470

Grenfell, B. P., 28, 293, 361

Grenfell and Hunt, 361

Griffith, F. L., 7; and see Thompson and

Grimm, Jacob, 567-8, 584

Groff, _Egyptian Sorcery_, 7

Grosseteste, Robert, 106, 189

Grützmacher, G., 540

Guido of Arezzo, 698

Guinther of Andernach, 567, 576-7

Guldenschoff, J., 477

Gundissalinus, 744

Guthrie, K., 298, 303-4, 349

Guyot, H., 349

Gwatkin, H. M., 524

Haase, _Seneca_, 101

Haase, F., 373

Hagins the Jew, 650

Hain, 498

Halliwell, J. O., 706

Hamilton, G. L., 631

Hamilton, Mary, 688

Hamilton, N. E. S. A., 690

Haly Heben Rodan, _Dispositione aeris_, 647 _Pluviis_, 647 _Ptolemy’s Quadripartitum_, 110

Hammer-Jensen, 107

Hannubius, 537

Hansen, J., 2, 631

Hardouin, 42

Harleian MSS, Catalogue of, 684-5

Harnack, A., 405 _Gesch. d. altchr. Lit._, 400 _Medicinisches aus d. ältest. Kirchengesch._, 138-9

Harpestreng the Dane, 612

Harrington, _School of Salerno_, 731

Harris, Rendel, 23

Harrison, J. E., 22, 251, 301

Hartel, W., 369

Hartfelder, K., 268

_Harvard Studies in Classical Philology_, 108-9

Harvey, John, 291

Haskins, C. H., 702 _Adelard of Bath_, 652, 664 _Further Notes_, 109 _Reception of Arabic Science_, 693, 773

Haskins and Lockwood, 108-9

Havell, E. B., 12, 251

Heath, T. L., 29, 32, 188

Heeg, _Pseudodemocrit. Studien_, 733

Hegel, _Philosophy of Religion_, 1

Hegesippus, 425-6

Hehn, _Siebenzahl u. Sabbat_, 16, 34

Heiberg, J. L., 105, 109, 188-9

Heider, G., 498-9

Heigl, G. A., 299

Heim, R., 568, 605

Heinsch, P., 349

Heintze, W., 399, 403, 406

Heliodorus, 232

Heller, A., 108, 188

Helmreich, G., 119, chap. xxv

Helpericus, 696

_Helxai, Book of_, 372

Hendrie, R., chap. xxxiii

Hengstenberg, _Gesch. Bileams_, 353, 447

Henschel, 578, 731, 758

Hephaestion of Thebes, 115-6, 538

Heraclides of Pontus, 32

Heraclides of Tarentum, 153, 495

Heraclitus, 181

Heraclius, chap. xxxiii

Heraeus, 552

Heras, 153

_Herbarium_, 597; and see Apuleius

Hercher, R., 215, 322

_Hermanni de ymbribus et pluviis_, 647

Hermannus Contractus, chap. xxx, 701, 728

Hermann of Dalmatia, 649, 701

_Hermes_, 105, 109, 121, 188, 298, 526, 576, 595, 606, 609-10, 612

Hermes Trismegistus, 178, _chap. x_, 537, 653, 661, 710, 763 _Asclepius_, 221, 290, 596 _Fifteen Stars, Herbs, Stones_, 340, 664 _Images and Incantations, books of_, 664 _Poimandres_, 290-1, 379 _Virgin of the World_, 291

_Hermippus_, 524

Hermogenes, 342, 435

Hero of Alexandria, 108-9, _188-93_, 266, 652 works listed at, 188

Herodotus, 21-2, 129, 156

Herophilus, 32, 77, 145-6, 180

Herrandus, 702

Herrick, F. H., 267

Hesiod, 21, 77, 207

Hieg, 119

Hierocles, 246

Hieronymus, see Jerome

Higden, see Ranulf

Hildebert, 498

Hildegard of Bingen, 342, 432, 660

Hilgenfeld, A., 399-401, 405

Hincmar of Reims, 630

Hipparchus, 32, 96, 537

Hippocrates (and Hippocratic writings), 27, 29, 49, 58, 139, 142, 144, 150, 178-9, 356, 571, 625, 663, 723, 735, 747, 757 _Aphorisms_, 176 _Astrology_, 178-9 _Letter to Antigonus or Maecenas_, 600, 724

Hippolytus, chaps. xv, xx, 107, 278, 387, 399, 421, 482, 765

Hirn, Y., 6

Hirschberg, J., 566

_Histoire Littéraire de la France_, 163, 672, etc.

_Historisch. Jahrbuch_, 541

_History of Three Kings of Cologne_, 444, 446, 477

Holmes and Kitterman, 10

Homer, 49, 169, 245, 260, 273, 582 _Fourteenth Epigram_, 434 and see _Iliad_ and _Odyssey_

_Homily on Magi_, 478-9

Hommel, _Aethiop. Physiologus_, 498, 503

Hommel, F., _Gestirndienst_, 355

Hone, 387, 395

Honein ben Ishak, 653, 660, 752

Honorius of Autun, 502

Hooten, 12

Hoover, H. C. and H. L., 132, 329

Hopf, L., 73

Hopfner, _Papyri_, 28

Hopfner, T., 73

Horapollo, _Hieroglyphics_, _331-4_

Hosthanes, see Ostanes

Howitt, A. W., 227

Hubert, H., 22, 27, 265

Huet, G., 241

Huet, P. D., 354, 457-8, 461, 469

Hugh of St. Victor, 631, 658 _Bestiis_, 498, 501 _Didascalicon_, 389, 402

Hugh of Santalla, 652

Hugutius, 129

Humboldt, A. v., 107

Hunain ibn Ishak, see Honein ben Ishak

Hunt, see Grenfell and

Husik, I., 747

Huvelin, P., 6

Hystaspes, 296

Iamblichus, _chap. xi_, 296 _Fato_, 316 _Mysteriis_, 288, 307ff.

Ibn Abi Usaibi’a, 667

Ibn Khallikan, 667

Ignatius, 396

Ilg, A., 760

_Iliad_, 21, 58

Imhoof-Blumer, F. und Keller, O., 73

Inchofer, 476

_Infancy, Gospels of_, chap. xvi

Inge, W. R., 299

International Congresses, see Congress

Ioachos, 138

Ioannes, see John

Iolaos the Bithynian, 495

Irenaeus, chap. xv, 411, 421, 488

Isaac Israeli, 658, 746ff.

_Isaiah_, 460, 485; _Ascension of_, 399

Isidore of Seville, 326, 601, _623-33_, 658, 675, 709 _Differentiis verborum_, 630, 632 _Etymologiae_, 609, 623-33, 777 _Natura rerum_, 401, 623, 632-3 _Origines_, 459, 493 _Viris illus._, 380

Israelson, L., 141

_Itinerarium Alexandri_, 553

Ivo of Chartres, 630

Jackson, A. V. W., 296

Jacobitz, 282

Jacobus Angelus, 106

Jacobus de Partibus, 567

Jacobus Psychrestus, 575

Jacobus de Voragine, _Golden Legend_, 427, 435, 475

Jacques de Bergame, 702

_Jahn’s Neue Jahrb._, 52

_Jahrbuch_ (_Austrian_), 607

_Jahrb. d. k. deutsch. archäol. Instit._, 28

_Jahrb. f. Class. Philologie_, 349, 605

_Jahrb. f. Philol. u. Pädagogik_, 105

_James, Protevangelium of_, chap. xvi

James, M. R. _Apocrypha anecdota_, 342 _Biblical Antiquities_, 351 _Cambridge MSS_, 564, 597, 602, 723 _Canterbury and Dover_, 753 _Eton MSS_, 52

_Janus_, 578

Janus, L., 42

Jastrow, M., 17, 19, 34

Jayakar, S. G., 393, 688

Jean Clopinel, 613

Jennings, H., 291

Jensen, P., 34

Jeremias, 15, 34

Jergis, 648

Jerome, 369, 398, 447, 459, 461, 466, 476, 483, 600-2, 625, 628, 692

_Jeû, Book of_, 378

Jevons, F. B., 22

_Jewish Quarterly Review_, 348

_Job, Book of_, 510, 520

Johannitius, see Honein ben Ishak

_John, Gospel of_, 386, 759

John Afflacius, 748, 757

John Agarenus, 748

John Angelus, 106, 525

John of Antioch, 194

John Crophill, see Crophill

John of Damascus, 608

John of Hildesheim, 446, 477

John of London, 643, 714

John Lydus, see Lydus

John of St. Amand, _162-3_, 725

John of Salisbury, _Polycraticus_, 241, 302-3, 631, 683-4

John the Scot, 500, 547, 637

John of Spain, chap. xxviii

Joret, C., 11, 76

Josephus, 354, 366, 425, 446, 703

_Joshua, Book of_, 352

Jourdain, C., 672, 690

_Journal Asiatique_, 653

_Journal des Savants_, 131

_Journal f. praktische Chemie_, 763

_Journal of Hellenic Studies_, 266, 301

_Journal of Royal Asiatic Society_, 337

Jowett, 26

Juba, king of Numidia, 49, 218, 256

_Jude, Epistle of_, 342, 435

Julian the Chaldean, 296, 317

Julian, emperor, 317, 568

Julian Honorius, 601

Julius Firmicus Maternus, see Firmicus

Julius Valerius, _Res gestae_, chap. xxiv

Justinian, 575 _Digest_, 356, 568

Justin, _Book of Baruch_, 399

Justin Martyr, 363, 416, 421, 469, 476

Juvenal, 126, 437

Kaestner, H., 609

Karpinski, L. C., 31

Katrarios, J., 524

Kehrer, H., 476

Keil, 49-50

Keller, O., 73

Kennedy, H. A. A., 349

Kenyon, F. G., 365

Kepler, 457, 473

Kessler, K., 383

Kidd, J., 147

King, C. W., 49, 174, 293, 329, 379, 568, 775, 777

King, L. W., 17, 33

_King James’ Version_, 471

_Kings, First Book of_, 386

Kirchoff, A., 299

Kitterman and Holmes, 10

Klatsche, E. H., 24

Kleffner, A. J., 541

Knyghton, 690

Knudtzon, J. A., 34

Köbert, H., 596

Koch, H., 541

Koch, K., 121

Koechly, 293

Koeler, G. D., 101

Koetschau, P., 436

Kopp, U. F., 545-6

_Koran_, 345

Kostomoiros, G. A., 566

Krabinger, J. G., 540

Kraus, F. X., 540

Kritzinger, 473

Krohn, F., 183

Kroll, W. _Analecta_, 318-9 _Hermes_, 290 _Oraculis Chaldaicis_, 297, 308 _Vettius Valens_, 116

Kroll and Ausfeld, 551

Kroll et Skutsch, chap. xxiii, 302, 690

Krüper, 73

Kübler, B., 551

Küchler, F., 20

Kugler, F. X., 16, 34

Kühn, C. G., chap. iv, 572, 605

Küster, E., 73

Lactantius, 220, 241, 243, 246, 465, 479

_La Grande Encyclopédie_, 292

Lagarde, P. D., 400

Lagrange, M. J., 34

Lamm, O. V., 428

_Lancet_, 119-22, 146-7

_Lancet-Clinic_, 10

Land, _Otia Syriaca_, 497-8

Langdon, S., 34

_Lapidarius_, 495, 778

Laplace, 108

Lascaris, C., 424

Lauchert, F., 497-501

Laurence, 399

Laurent, A., 32

_Laws of Henry I_, 690

Lea, H. C., 2

Lebour, 73

Leclerc, 50

Le Coq, A. v., 383

_Leech-Book of Bald and Cild_, _720-3_

Leemans, 682

Lehmann, P., 683

Lemaire, 42, 329

Leminne, J., 139

Lenormant, 5, 17-20, 32

Leo I, the Great, pope, 520, 575

Leo Allatius, 469

Leo, archpriest, 557

Leo of Ostia, 743

Leonicenus, N., 53

Letronne, 480

Leucippus, 193

Levi, 551

_Leviticus_, 439, 459

Lewes, G. H., 29-30, 50

Lewysohn, 73

Libanius, 472, _538-40_, 584

_Library of Harvard University_, _Bibliographical Contributions_, 166

Liddell and Scott, 120, 265

Lidzbarski, M., 383

Liebermann, F., 690

Liechtenstein, P., 642

Lilius Tifernates, 347

Lindermayer, A., 73

Linnaeus, 175

Linus, pope, 426

Lippmann, E. O. v., 12, 16, 194, 649, 670, chap. xxxiii

Lipsius et Bonnet, 397

_Lithica_, see Orpheus

Lobeck, G. A., 288

Locard, 73

Lockwood, see Haskins and

Locy, W. A., 29-30

Lods, A., 341-2

Lones, T. E., 26, 29

Lorenz, 73

Loth, O., 641, 649

Löweneck, M., 733

Loxus, 460

Lucan, 629

Lucian, 276-86 _Alexander_, 247, 277, 379, 440, 467-9, 561 _Apologia_, 277 _Astrologia_, 282-3 _Dialogues of the Gods_, 283 _Dipsadibus_, 284 _Dream_, 283 _How to write history_, 284-6 _Lucius_, 276 _Menippus_, 281, 416 _Nigrinus_, 284 _Peregrinus_, 277 _Philopseudes_, 279 _Tragopodagra_, 284

Lucius, 349

Lucretius, 760

Lumby, 690

Lupitus of Barcelona, chap. xxx

Lüring, H. L., 10

Luther, Martin, 651

Lycon, 237

Lydus, John, 635

Lydus, Laurentius, 240

Macdonald, D. B., 232, 356, 699

Macer Floridus, _De viribus herbarum_, _612-5_

Macer, Theophilus, 761

Mackinnon, 639

Macray, 642, 705

Macrobius, 355, _544-5_ _Dream of Scipio_, 302, 500, 544, 709 _Saturnalia_, 302, 545

Mahaffy, J. P., 135

Mai, _Classici auctores_, 498

Maimonides, Moses _Aphorisms_, 138, 151, 164, 176-7 _More Nevochim_, 358

_Maklu_, 18

Mâle, E., 390, 397, 427, 435, 475-6, 502

Manetho, 289, 292-3

Mangey, 348

Manilius, 95, 690-1

Manitius, Max, 619, 623, 631

Mann, M. F., 497-9

Mansi, 499

Mantuani, J., 607

_Mappe clavicula_, 468, chap. xxxiii

Marbod, 463, 761, _chap. xxxiv_ _Fato et genesi_, 781-2 _Lapidum_, 775-81

Marcellus, disciple of Peter, 425

Marcellus Empiricus, _chap. xxv_, 595, 600, 608, 724, 767

Marcianus, see Martianus

Marco Polo, 132, 214, 479, 564

Marett, R. R., 6, 22

Margoliouth, 746

Marianus Scotus, 686, 692

Marinelli, 480

Marinus, 107

Marinus, _Life of Proclus_, 686

_Mark, Gospel of_, 386

Mark, K. F. H., 146

Marquardt, I., 119

Martianus Capella, 326, _545-6_, 677, 709

Martin, _Héron_, 188

Martin, J., _Philon_, 347

Martin, see Cahier and

_Martyrium of Cyprian and Justina_, 428

Marx, A., 73

Marx, F., 423

Mary the Jewess, 196-7

Masselieau, L., 349

_Matthew, Gospel of_, 397, 455, 471ff., 730; _Pseudo-_, 390

Maximus, 426

Maximus of Aegae, 244

Maximus Taurinensis, 425

McKenzie, K., 499

Mead, G. R. S., 290, 299, 369, 374, 377-8, 401, 425

Mechitarists, 95, 366

_Medicae artis principes_, 566ff.

_Medici antiqui_, 567, 612

Mela, see Pomponius

_Mémoires couronnés par l’Académie de Belgique_, 139

Menander, 22, 49

Menecrates, 135

Menelbus, 574

Mentz, F., 76

Mercurius Cilenius (or Tillemus), 652; and see Hermes

Merrifield, Mrs., chap. xxxiii

Merx, A., 121, 373

Mesue (Yuhanna ibn Masawaih), 162, 164

Metrodorus, _Letter to Celsus_, 441

Metrodorus, Byzantine grammarian, 575

Meusel, 551

Mewaldt, 119, 176

Meyer, E. v., 772

Meyer, M. P. H., 551

Meyer-Steineg, T., 121

_Micah_, 352

Michael Scot, 664, 704, 710

Migne, _Dict. d. Apocryphes_, 397

Mills, L. H., 349

Milne, J. S., 145

Milward, E., 137, chap. xxv

Minucius Felix, 465

_Miskati_, 18

Mithridates, 87, 171, 495

_Mitteilungen d. anthrop. Gesell. in Wien_, 16

_Mitteilungen d. Vorderasiat. Gesell._, 473

_Modern Language Publications_, 499

Moeragenes (or Moiragenes), 244, 246, 253, 448

Molbech, C., 612

Mommsen, T., 73, 326-31, 526, 601, 695

Monaci, E., 499

_Monist, The_, 630

Montgomery, J. A., 384

_Moon-Books_, chap. xxix

Morellus Federicus, 538

Moret, A., 7

Morf, H., 552

Morfill and Charles, chap. xiii

Morgan, M. H., 183-8

_Morgenländische Forschungen_, 642

Morienus Romanus, 697, 761

Moser, G. H., 299

Moses the law-giver, 59, 137-8, 151, 195, 350, 357, 437, 507

Moses ben Maimon, or, of Cordova, see Maimonides

Moses ibn Tibbon, 749

_Moyen Âge, Le_, 241

Mucianus, 81

Mueller, I., 119

Muhammad b. Muh. b. Tarchân b. Uzlag, Abû Nasr, see Al-Farabi

Muhammad ibn Zakariya, see Rasis

Mühle, H. v. d., 73, 132

Muir, W., 337, 642

Müller, 667

Müller, C., 106, 215, 466, 552

Müller, F. W. K., 479

Müller, H. F., 299

Münter, _Stern der Weisen_, 354-5, 443, 473.

Muratori, _Antiquitates_, 764

Murray, M. A., 2

Musa ibn Maimon, see Maimonides

Musaeus, 77

_Musée Guimet_, 7, 360

Nagy, A., 641, 646

Nallino, C. A., 106

_Nansen’s North Polar Expedition, Reports of_, 491

Nau, F., 374

Naudé, G., 234

Navigius, 537

Naville, E., 7

Nechepso, 173

Nechepso and Petosiris, 95, 293, 537, 682-3, 714

Neckam, Alexander, 342, 658, 772

Negri, 671

_Nehemiah_, 352

Nemesius, 752

Nepos, _Chabrias_, 558

_Neue Jahrbuch_, 14, 34, 292

_Neues Archiv d. Gesell. f. ältere deutsche Geschichtskunde_, 684

Newton, _Dict. of Birds_, 267

Nicander, 172, 236-7, 495

Nicephorus, 457

Nicholson, R. A., 6

_Nicodemus, Gospel of_, 390, 395

Nielsen, D., 355

Nigidius Figulus, 515

Nisard, 544

Nix, 653

Noeldeke, 552

Nonus, 569

Notker, Labeo, 677, 728

_Numbers_, 444

Numenius, 443

Numisianus, 123

Nussey, D., see Mâle, E.

Odo of Meung, 613

Odo of Morimont, 613

Odo of Tournai, 673

Odo of Verona, 613

_Odyssey_, 58

Oefele, v., 473

Oesterley, W. O. E., 351, 399

Olleris, 706

Olympiodorus, 195-6, 292

Onesicritus, 553

Oppert, J., 34

Oribasius, 163, _568ff._, 607, 613, 746

Origen, _chap. xix_, 466, 469, 482-3, 499, 506 _Biblical Commentaries_, 444-5, 454, 457, 461 _Principiis_, 456, 520-1 _Reply to Celsus_, chap. xix, 246, 277, 282, 342, 365-6

Orosius, 519, 556, 601

Orpheus, 58, 65, 195, 206, 234, 282, 291, 293 _Argonautica_, 293 _Lithica_, 293-6, 463, 777

Orr, M. A., 16, 116, 192, 340, 619

Osann, 596

Ostanes or Osthanes, 22, 58-9, 61, 196-8, 234, 296, 463, 465, 558, 582, 763

Otho of Cremona, 612

Ovid, 612 _Halieuticon_, 74 _Vetula_ (spurious), 691

Owen, A. S., see Butler and

_Padmuthiun Acheksandri Maketonazwui_, 552

Pagel, J. L., 163

Palaemo, Q. Remnius Fannius, 761

Palladius, 556, 569

Pamphilus, 154, 166-7, 178, 288, 291, 495

Panaetius, 268

Panckoucke, 52, 101

Pandulf of Capua, 753

Pannier, L., 775

Panodorus, 194

Pappus, 109

Paret, 381

Parthenius, 215

Parthey, G., 307, 365

Patrick, St., 640

Paul, the apostle, 405, 556

Paul of Aegina, _568ff._, 721, 746

Paul of Alexandria, 116

Pauly and Wissowa, 124, 213, 241, 290

Pausanias, 214

Payne, J. F. _English Medicine_, 569, 721, 733 _Relation of Harvey to Galen_, 119-22, 145-7

Peiper, R., 619ff.

Pelliot, see Chavannes and

Pelops, 123, 170

_Pentateuch_, 350

Pertz, 702

Petavius, 363, 540, etc.

Petavius, D., 575

Peter, the apostle, chap. xvii _Acts of_, 405 _Second Epistle of_, 446 _Teachings of_, 405

Peter of Abano, see Abano

Peter the Archiater, 569

Peter the Deacon, chap. xxxii

Peter of Spain, 163

Petermann, see Schwartze and

Peters, E., 497

Petosiris, 682-3; and see Nechepso and

Petrie, F., 12

Petrocellus, 659, _733-6_

_Petrograd Acad. Scient. Imper. Mémoires_, 428

Pez, _Thesaurus Anecdot. Noviss._, 698, 701, 706

Pfister, F., 552, 556-7, 565

Pherecydes, 270-1, 574

Philagrius, 567, 577

Philastrius, 423

Philip, disciple of Bardesanes, 374

Philip, translator of Horapollo, 331

Philip of Thaon, 498

Phillipps, T., 760

Philo, cited on plants, 495

Philo Judaeus, _chap. xiv_, 302, 447, 457, 492 _Alexander_, 351 _Allegories_, 357 _Biblical Antiquities_ (spurious), 351 _Contemplative Life_, 349-50, 356 _Creation_, 348 _Dreams_, 351-3, 357-8 _Excircumcisione_, 349 _Gigantibus_, 353 _Law concerning murderers_, 352 _Migratione Abrahami_, 353-4 _Monarchia_, 353-4 _Mundi opificio_, 350, 353-7 _Providentia_, 351 _Quod omnis probus liber sit_, 352 _Vita Mosis_, 351, 353, 357 _Virtutibus_, 351

Philolaus, 181, 296

_Philologus_, 292, 429, 497, 540, 683

Philostratus, _Apollonius of Tyana_, _chap. viii_, 205, 329, 392, 406, 410 _Sophists_, 322

Philumenus, 567, 577

Photius, 276, 338

_Physiologus_, 490, _497-503_

_Picatrix_, 665

Pico della Mirandola, 603

Pietschmann, R., 288

Pighinuccius, T., 596

_Pilate, Acts of_, 390

Pindar, 266

Piper, 677

Piso, 574

Piso, Domitius, 44

_Pistis-Sophia_, 364, _377-9_

Pitra, J. B. _Analecta Sacra_, 291, 297 _Spicilegium_, 463, 497ff., 636, 777

Platearius, Matthaeus the Elder, 738

Plato, 22, 24-6, 58, 61, 137, 139, 151-2, 180-1, 235, 240, 247, 290, 303, 349-50, 353, 355, 460, 519, 532, 622, 632, 713 _Laws_, 25 _Republic_, 26, 138, 212 _Symposium_, 25 _Timaeus_, 24-6, 237, 297, 408, 476, 620

Plato of Tivoli, 110

Pliny the Elder, _Natural History_, _chap. ii_, 3, 100, 132, 154, 187-8, 193, 199, 213-4, 238, 248, 255, 257, 268, 273, 292-3, 296, 322, 325, 327-9, 331, 351, 503, 510, 558, 571-2, 589-91, 612, 614, 624, 626, 628, 737, 761, 764, 766, 780 Other works listed, 45 _Medicina Plinii_, 52, 577, _595-6_

Pliny the Younger, 45, 48, 50

Plotinus, _chap. xi_, 361-2, 542

Plutarch, _chap. vi_, 180, 269, 355, 481, 669 _Agesilaus_, 558 _Alexander_, 552 _Banquet of Seven Sages_, 218 _Bruta ratione uti_, 217 _Defectu oraculorum_, 203, 205, 212-3, 219, 278 _Ei apud Delphos_, 205, 212 _Facie in orbe lunae_, 206, 211, 219 _Genio Socratis_, 205, 207, 240 _Isis and Osiris_, 219 _Lives_, 201, 244 _Principle of Cold_, 218 _Procreation of Soul_, 212 _Pythiae oraculis_, 205 _Quaestiones naturales_, 217, 219 _Romulus_, 209, 330 _Sera numinis vindicta_, 213 _Solertia animalium_, 218 _Superstitione_, 203-4 _Symposiacs_, 205, 211-3, 217, 219 _Whether an old man should engage in politics_, 201 dubious or spurious _Fato_, 202, 210 _Institutione principis_, 200 _Placitis philosophorum_, 202 _Rivers and Mountains_, 202, 215

Pognon, H., 384

Poirée, see Ruelle et

Polemon, 460

Politian, 53

Polybius, 245

Pomponius Mela, 328-9

Ponce de Leon, 499

Poole, R. L., _Medieval Thought_, 617, 634

Porphyry, _chap. xi_, 535 _Abstinentia_, 314, 317 _Introduction to Tetrabiblos_, 116, 316 _Letter to Anebo_, 307-20 _Philosophia ex oraculis_, 297 _Vita Plotini_, 296, 300-2

Posidonius, 111

Prächter, K., 541

Preisendanz, K., 28

Preller, L., 296, 429

Premerstein, A. v., 607

_Prenostica Pitagorice_, 684

Preuschen, E., 366

Priaulx, _Indian Travels_, 244

Prince, J. D., 15

Priscian, 326, 761

Priscillian, _380-1_, 461

_Proceedings, Biblical Archaeology_, 33

_Proceedings, Royal Society of Medicine_, 284

Procharus, 397

Proclus, 116, 307, 316 _Sacrificio et magia_, 319-20

_Protevangelium of James_, chap. xvi

Pruckner, M., 525

Prudentius, 500

_Psalms_ and _Psalter_, 442, 521, 759

Psellus, Michael, 290, 569, 772

Ptolemy, _chap. iii_, 32, 118, 135, 272, 307, 341, 537, 661, 664, 666, 703, 709-10, 737 _Almagest_, 105-9 _Centiloquium_, 111 _Exortatio ad artem_, 693 _Geography_, 105-7 _Music_, 107 _Optics_, 107-8 _Planisphere_, 699 _Quadripartitum_, see _Tetrabiblos_ _Speculis_, 189 _Tetrabiblos_, _110-16_, 303, 517, 690-1

Puccinotti, _Storia delle Medicine_, chap. xxxii

Puschmann, T. _Alexander v. Tralles_, 567ff., 577ff. _Hist. of Medical Education_, 120-1, 129, 143, 569, 731

Pythagoras, 50, 58, 61-3, 65-6, 80, 91-2, 176, 180-1, 204, 232-4, 247, 263, 269, 274, 288, 317, 349-50, 355, 373, 532 _Precepta_, 696 _Prenostica_, 684 _Sphere of_, chap. xxix, 370

_Quadripartitus_, 690

_Quid pro quo_, 608

Quiggin, E. C., 640

Quilichinus, Aretinus, 558

Quintillian, Pseudo-, 540

Rabanus Maurus, 402, 484, 617, 630, 634, 673

Radloff, W., 382

Raidel, G. M., 106

Ramsay, W. M., 106

Rand, E. K., 619

Ranking, G. S. A., 667-71

Ranulf Higden, 690

Raoul Glaber, 674

Rasche, C., 307

Rashdall, H., 731, 757

Rasis, 164, 653, _667-71_, 748 works listed, 668

Ratdolt, E., 649

Read, C., 5

_Realencyklopädie f. protest. Theol._, 381, 399

_Regimen Salernitanum_, _736ff_.

Reginald or Retinaldus, 52

_Regulae ... de compositione astrolapsus_, 699

Reinach, S., 6

Reisner, G. A., 34

Reitzenstein, R., 290, 379, 553

Renzi, S. D., _Collectio Salernitana_, 578, 600, 660, chap. xxxi

Reuss, F. A., 613

Reuvens, 369

_Revelation, Book of_, 386

Réville, J., 350

_Revue des Études anciennes_, 672

_Revue des Études juives_, 551

_Revue d. l’hist. d. religs._, 341, 349

_Revue Phil._, 291

_Revue des Questions Historiques_, 113, 690

Rhazes, see Rasis

_Rhein. Mus._, 52

Richardson, E. C., 400, 403, 406

Richer, 704, 733

Riegler, see Axt and

Riess, E., 24, 292-3, 683

Riley, H. T., see Bostock and

Robert, 498

Robert of Chester, 648, 697, 761, 773

Robertson Smith, W., 34

Roger Bacon, see Bacon

Rohde, _Psyche_, 293

Rolleston, J. D., 284

_Rom. Forsch._, 610

_Romanic Review_, 499, 631

Roscher, _Lexicon_, 34

Rose, V., 120, 463, 567, 576, 601 _Analecta_, 121 _Anecdota_, 596, 610 _Aristoteles De lapidibus_, 775, 777 _HSS Verzeichnisse_, 702, 720, 748, 774 _Medicina Plinii_, 595, 600, 609, 612 _Ptolemaeus_, 612 _Soranus_, 571

Roussat, R., 116

Roux de Rochelle, 564

Rück, _Plinius im Mittelalter_, 51

Ruelle, 195, 291; and see Berthelot and

Ruelle et Poirée, 371

Ruellius, 600

Ruffer, M. A., 11

Rufinus, chap. xvii, 445

Rufus, _Melancholia_, 756

Ruska, J., 611

Sackur, _Sibyl. Texte_, 285

Sadan, 651

St. George Stock, 362

Salmon, G., 362

Salomon the archiater, 161

_Samuel, First Book of_, 448

Satyrus, 123

Sayce, A. H., 35

Schanz, 596

Schenkel, C., 483

Schepss, G., 381, 519

Schiaparelli, 16, 32, 35

Schiche, T., 268

Schlurick, H., 400

Schmertosch, R., 202

Schmid, W., 105, 108

Schmidt, 188

Schmidt, C., 299, 361, 377-8

Schneider, J. G., 237

Schneider, O., 237

Schneidewin, 466

Schultze, V., 497

Schwab, M., 33

Schwartze und Petermann, 369, 377

_Scientific Monthly_, 194

Scribonius Largus, 600

Scylax, 256

Seeck, O., 540

Seleucus, 289

Seneca _Natural Questions, chap. in_, 196, 542, 553 _Apocryphal correspondence with the apostle Paul_, 556

_Septuagint_, 453, 459

Serapion, 610

Serenus Sammonicus, 608

Seth, 365, 474

Sethe, 9

Sextus Empiricus, 116, 269, _275-6_, 469

Sextus Papirius Placidus, 599

Shakespeare, 772

Shelley, 432

_Sibylline Books_, 272, 285

Sigebertus Gemblacensis, 613

Sijthoff, A. W., 607

Sikes, E. E., 21

Silvester II, pope, see Gerbert

_Simon Cephas, Teaching of_, 424

Simon Cordo of Genoa, 567, 610

Simon Papiensis, 525

Simon, the heretic, _Great Declaration_, 362; and see Simon Magus in other index

Simonides, 574

Singer, Charles, 345, 597, 607, 609, 660, 674

_Sitzungsberichte_ (Bavaria), 51

_Sitzungsberichte_ (Berlin), 121

_Sitzungsberichte_ (Erlangen), 763, 775

_Sitzungsberichte_ (Heidelberg), 34, 524

Skutsch, see Kroll et

Smith, _Dict. Greek and Roman Biography_, 108

_Smithsonian Report_, 773

Smyly, J. G., 293

_Societas Regia Scientiarum_, 468

Solinus, _326-31_, 510, 601, 625-7, 777

Solomon, 195, 451

Sophocles, 49

_Sortes sanctorum_, 630-1, 727

Spencer, Herbert, 5

_Sphera cum commentis_, 109

_Sphere of Life and Death_, 197, chap. xxix

Spiegel, _Alexandersage_, 552

Spon, J., 379

Sprengel, K., 606

Stadler, H., 613

Steele, R., _Roger Bacon_, 342, 602

Steinschneider, M., 669 _Apollonius v. Thyana_, 267 _Constantinus Africanus_, 657, 742-3, 745, 749, 756 _Europäisch. Übersetz._, 288, chap. xxviii, 711 _Pseudepig. Lit._, 578

Stephanus, alchemist, 196, 292

Stephanus, _Medicae artis principes_, 566ff.

Stephen of Alexandria, 569

Stephen of Athens, 607

Stephen of Pisa, 747-9

Stobaeus, 290

_Stowe Missal_, 640

Strabo, 213; and see Walafrid

Strassmeier, J. N., see Epping and

Strzygowski, J., 497

Stubbs, W., 773

Stücken, 15, 35

_Studi Romanzi_, 499

Stumfall, B., 241

Sudhoff, K., 188, 683, 737

Suetonius, 244, 425, 601

Sulla, _Memoirs_, 201

Sulpicius Severus, 381, 423, 469

Sundevall, 73

Symeon Seth, 164

Symon, see Simon

Syncellus, 194, 196, 341

Synesius of Cyrene, 196, 320, 533, _540-4_, 555

Tabit ben Corra, see Thebit ben Corat

Tacitus, 201, 241

Tallquist, K. L., 33

_Talmud_, 355

Taylor, H. O., 533

Taylor, T., 299, 307

Tennulius, 316

Tertullian, 447, 469, 476, 628 _Anima_, 463, 469 _Apology_, 463, 465 _Cultu feminarum_, 463 _Idolatria_, 421 _Pallio_, 493 _Praescript._, 369

_Testaments of Twelve Patriarchs_, 345

_Texte und Untersuchungen_, 299, Book II _passim_

Thabit ben Corra, see Thebit ben Corat

Thales, 97, 563

Thatcher, G. W., 383

_Theatrum chemicum Britannicum_, see Ashmole, E.

Thebit ben Corat, _661-6_ _Almagest_, 109 _Imaginibus_, 664-6 _Iudiciis_, 664 _Motu octave spere_, 663 _Ponderibus_, 663

Theobald, 498, 500

Theocritus, 22, 266

Theodoret, 369, 423, 447

Theodorus Priscianus, 608

_Theodosian Code_, 536, 584

_Theol. Quartalschrift_, 540

Theon of Alexandria, 109

Theophilus, medical writer, 569

Theophilus of Alexandria, 461

Theophilus, _To Autolycus_, 483, 492

Theophilus, _Schedula diversarum artium_, chap. xxxiii

Theophilus Macer, see Macer

Theophrastus, 27, 29, 75, 81, 186, 236-8

Thessalus, 127

Thilo, J. C., 387, 476

Thomas, apostle, _Acts of_, 374, 396 _Gospel of_, chap. xvi

Thomas of Cantimpré, 503, 578, 600, 636, 658

Thomas, W. I., 5, 17

Thompson, D’Arcy W. _Aristotle as Biologist_, 29-30, 73, 146 _Glossary of Greek Birds_, 73, 130, 255, 265, 324 _History of Animals_, 26, 30, 73, 491

Thompson, C. J. S., 131

Thompson, H., 7, 27-8

Thompson, R. C., 15, 18, 33

Thorndike, L., 21, 26, 525

Thrasyllus, 99

Thucydides, 244

Tischendorf, chap. xvi

Tittel, K., 193

_Tobit, Book of_, 688

Todd, T. W., 10, 723

Torinus, A., 567, 577

Tozer, 131

_Transactions of American Philological Association_, 24, 28, 293

_Transactions of Provincial Medical and Surgical Association_, 147

_Transactions of Society of Biblical Archaeology_, 35

Treitel, L., 349

Tribonian, 568

Trithemius, 658, 702

Trotula, 740

Turner, S., 633

_Twelve Tables_, 234

Twysden, 690

Tycho Brahe, 457

Tychsen, O. G., 497

Tyrwhitt, 293

Unger, F., 76

_University of Nebraska Studies_, 24

Usener, 619

Valentinelli, J., 164

Valerius Soranus, 50; and see Julius Valerius

Valois, N., 402

Valpy, 42

Varro, 50, 209, 239, 330, 625

_Vedas_, 251

Vergil, 97, 544, 601, 612, 691

Vettius Valens, 116

Vincent of Beauvais, 342, 389, 402-3, 503, 600, 658, 660, 669-70, 687, 744, 757

Vindanius Anatolius, 604

_Virchow’s Archiv_, 668, chap. xxxii

Virolleaud, C., 35

Vitruvius, 143, _183-8_, 199, 601

Vogelstein, 552

Vogl, S., see Björnbo and

Voigt, H. G., 473

Volkmann, R., 299, 540

Vossius, I., 256

_Vulgate_, 688

Waitz, H., 400, 405, 663

Walafrid Strabo, 612-3, 615

Walker, A., 387

_Waztalkora_, 699

Webb, C. C. I., 303, 631, 684

Weber, C. F. and Caesar, J., 426

Weber, O., 33

Webster, H., 16, 686

Weissenberger, B., 202

Wellmann, M., 121, 138, 606, 608, 610

Wendland, P., 348, 350

Wescher, C., 188

Wessely, C., 365, 607

Westenberger, 119

Westermann, A., 552

Westermarck, E., 73

Wickersheimer, E., 673-4, 683, 692, 698, 709

Wiedemann, A., 7-8, 14

Wiedemann, E., 649, 763

Wilcken, 12

William of Auvergne, 402, 725

William le Clerc, 497-9

William of Malmesbury, 690, 704-6, 710, 714

William of Moerbeke, 179

William de Saliceto, 601

Wimmer, see Aubert and

Winckler, 15, 35

Windelband, W., 26

Windisch, H., 349

Windischmann, 296

Winsor, J., 106

Withington, E., 520, 667-8

Wolf, C., 607

Wolf, H., 316

Wolff, G., 297

Woltmann and Woermann, 607

Woolston, T., 388

Wright, T., 556

Wünsch, R., 28, 366

Wuttke, M. H., 601

Wynkyn de Worde, 478

Wyttenbach, 299

Xanthus, 75

Xenocrates Aphrodisiensis, 167

Xenophanes, 180, 270

Xenophon, 22

Ya’kûb ibn Ishâk ibn Sabbâh, see Alkindi

Yonge, C. D., 349

Yuhanna ibn Masawaih, see Mesue

Yule, H., _Marco Polo_, 132, 214, 479

Zacher, J., chap. xxiv

_Zeitschrift f. ægypt. Sprache_, 10, 35

_Zeitschrift f. deutsch. Morgendl. Gesell._, 121, 267

_Zeitschrift f. klass. Philol._, 752

_Zeitschrift f. Math._, 661

_Zeitschrift f. neutest. Wiss._, 401

_Zeitschrift f. wiss. Theol._, 400

Zeller, E., 24, 316

Zervòs, S., 566

Ziegler, K., chap. xxiii

Zimmern, 19, 32, 34

Zopyrus, 460

Zoroaster, 58-9, 206, 235, 281, 295, 396, 415, 435, 605, 629

Zosimus, 131, 195, 198, 290, 292

INDEX OF MANUSCRIPTS

Additional 8928, p. 609

Additional 11035, p. 500

Additional 15236, pp. 694, 716

Additional 17808, chap. xxx

Additional 22398, p. 695

Additional 22719, p. 654

Additional 34111, p. 578

Alençon 10, p. 484

Amiens 222, p. 634

Amiens 481, p. 478

Amiens fonds Lescalopier 2, p. 676

Amiens fonds Lescalopier 30, p. 484

Amplon. Folio 41, p. 611

Amplon. Octavo 62, p. 747

Amplon. Octavo 62a, p. 612

Amplon. Octavo 62b, p. 612

Amplon. Quarto 12, p. 558

Amplon. Quarto 151, p. 643

Amplon. Quarto 174, p. 665

Amplon. Quarto 204, p. 578

Amplon. Quarto 312, p. 664

Amplon. Quarto 349, p. 643

Amplon. Quarto 352, p. 651

Amplon. Quarto 365, p. 650

Amplon. Quarto 380, p. 694

Amplon. Quarto 381, p. 340

Amplon. Math. 48, 643

Amplon. Math. 53, p. 340

Amplon. Math. 54, p. 267

Arsenal 880, p. 650

Arsenal 981, p. 106

Arsenal 1036, p. 650

Arundel 242, p. 556

Arundel 295, p. 615

Arundel 319, p. 683

Ashburnham (Florence) 130, p. 682

Ashmole 179, p. 648

Ashmole 189, p. 681

Ashmole 209, p. 648

Ashmole 346, p. 665

Ashmole 361, pp. 681, 688

Ashmole 369, pp. 648, 714

Ashmole 369-V, p. 650

Ashmole 393, p. 650

Ashmole 434, p. 648

Ashmole 1431, pp. 597, 599, 609

Ashmole 1462, p. 597

Avranches 235, p. 664

Balliol 124, p. 52

Balliol 146A, p. 52

Balliol 231, p. 121

Bamberg L-III-9, pp. 610, 747

Barberini (Rome) IX, 29, p. 609

Berlin 128, p. 634

Berlin 130, p. 634

Berlin 131, p. 695

Berlin 165, p. 720

Berlin 799, p. 477

Berlin 800, p. 477

Berlin 898, p. 748

Berlin 902, p. 163

Berlin 903, p. 163

Berlin 956, pp. 702, 774

Berlin 963, pp. 340, 665

Berlin 964, p. 665

Bernard 2325, p. 478

BN Greek 930, p. 401

BN Greek 2179, p. 607

BN Greek 2316, p. 578

BN nouv. acq. 229, pp. 677, 702, 725, 728ff.

BN nouv. acq. 490, p. 484

BN nouv. acq. 616, p. 643

BN nouv. acq. 1612, p. 634

BN nouv. acq. 1615, p. 634

BN nouv. acq. 1616, chap. xxix

BN nouv. acq. 1619, p. 571

BN nouv. acq. 1632, p. 634

BN 1701 and 1702, p. 484

BN 1718 to 1727, p. 484

BN 1787A, p. 484

BN 2200, p. 484

BN 2387, p. 484

BN 2598, p. 710

BN 2621, p. 776

BN 2633, p. 484

BN 2637, p. 484

BN 2638, p. 484

BN 2695A, p. 556

BN 2780, p. 500

BN 2874, p. 556

BN 3660A, pp. 681-2

BN 3836, p. 484

BN 4126, p. 556

BN 4161, p. 714

BN 4801 to 4804, p. 106

BN 4838, p. 106

BN 4877, p. 556

BN 4880, p. 556

BN 5062, p. 556

BN 5239, p. 692

BN 5543, p. 634

BN 6121, p. 556

BN 6186, p. 556

BN 6296, p. 657

BN 6319, p. 657

BN 6322, p. 657

BN 6323A, p. 657

BN 6325, p. 657

BN 6365, p. 556

BN 6385, p. 556

BN 6503, p. 556

BN 6514, pp. 664, 670

BN 6567A, p. 657

BN 6569, p. 657

BN 6811, p. 556

BN 6831, p. 556

BN 6880, pp. 567, 584

BN 6881, p. 577

BN 6882, p. 577

BN 6954, p. 600

BN 6957, p. 600

BN 6978, p. 648

BN 7028, pp. 674, 728

BN 7156, p. 670

BN 7195, p. 663

BN 7282, p. 665

BN 7299A, pp. 676, 679, 686, 696

BN 7316, pp. 647, 652

BN 7328, p. 647

BN 7329, p. 652

BN 7332, p. 647

BN 7337, pp. 664, 687

BN 7349, p. 716

BN 7351, P. 716

BN 7377B, p. 663

BN 7412, p. 699

BN 7418, pp. 463, 777

BN 7424, p. 663

BN 7440, p. 647

BN 7482, p. 647

BN 7486, pp. 693, 716

BN 7561, p. 556

BN 8247, p. 657

BN 8501A, p. 556

BN 8518, p. 556

BN 8521A, p. 556

BN 8607, p. 556

BN 9332, pp. 571, 576, 610

BN 10233, p. 571

BN 10260, p. 663

BN 10271, p. 715

BN 11624, p. 484

BN 12134, p. 484

BN 12135, p. 484

BN 12136, p. 484

BN 12995, p. 609

BN 13014, p. 340

BN 13336, p. 484

BN 13350, p. 445

BN 13951, p. 267

BN 14700, p. 744

BN 14847, p. 484

BN 15685, p. 634

BN 16082, p. 657

BN 16083, p. 657

BN 16088, p. 657

BN 16142, p. 657

BN 16204, p. 650

BN 16216, p. 696

BN 16490, p. 657

BN 16819, pp. 476, 478

BN 17868, p. 683, chap. xxx

Bodleian 26, p. 694

Bodleian 177, p. 694

Bodleian 266, pp. 664, 705, 710

Bodleian 463, pp. 652, 665

Bodleian 2060, p. 758

Bologna 952, p. 52

Bologna University Library 378, p. 610

Bruce Papyrus, p. 378

Brussels (Library of Dukes of Burgundy) 1782, p. 484

Brussels 2784, p. 657

Brussels 8890, p. 776

Brussels 10074, p. 498

Brussels 15489, p. 758

Cambrai 195, p. 696

Cambrai 229, p. 696

Cambrai 829, p. 696

Cambrai 861, p. 696

Cambrai 907, p. 758

Cambrai 914, p. 758

Cambrai 925, p. 633

Canon. Misc. 370, p. 643

Canon. Misc. 517, p. 682

Casin. 97, p. 577

Chalons-sur-Marne 7, p. 695

Chartres 63, p. 484

Chartres 113, p. 692

Chartres 342, p. 577

CLM 27, p. 665

CLM 51, p. 650

CLM 59, p. 665

CLM 161, pp. 749-50

CLM 168, p. 750

CLM 187, p. 750

CLM 215, p. 560

CLM 270, p. 750

CLM 337, p. 610

CLM 344, p. 377

CLM 392, p. 648

CLM 489, p. 648

CLM 527, p. 716

CLM 560, pp. 559, 698, 710

CLM 588, p. 664

CLM 621, p. 241

CLM 826, p. 651

CLM 1487, p. 650

CLM 1503, p. 650

CLM 2549, p. 484

CLM 3728, p. 484

CLM 6258, p. 484

CLM 6382, pp. 678, 680

CLM 9921, p. 678

CLM 11319, p. 556

CLM 13034, p. 749

CLM 13079, p. 484

CLM 14399, p. 484

CLM 14583, p. 106

CLM 14836, p. 701

CLM 18158, p. 634

CLM 18621, p. 477

CLM 18629, pp. 674, 693, 696

CLM 18764, p. 674

CLM 19417, p. 500

CLM 19544, p. 477

CLM 19648, p. 498

CLM 21557, p. 634

CLM 21627, p. 477

CLM 22307, p. 692

CLM 23390, p. 696

CLM 23479, p. 775

CLM 23535, p. 571

CLM 23787, p. 498

CLM 23839, p. 477

CLM 24571, p. 477

CLM 25073, p. 477

CLM 26688, p. 477

Corpus Christi 82, p. 555

Corpus Christi 114, p. 657

Corpus Christi 134, p. 476

Corpus Christi 154, p. 657

Corpus Christi 189, p. 578

Corpus Christi 233, p. 652

Corpus Christi 254, p. 648

Cortona 110, p. 164

Cotton Appendix VI, pp. 643, 646

Cotton Caligula A, XV, pp. 680, 695

Cotton Galba E, VIII, p. 477

Cotton Nero D, VIII, p. 556

Cotton Tiberius A, III, chap. xxix

Cotton Tiberius C, VI, p. 692

Cotton Titus D, XXVI, chap. xxix

Cotton Titus D, XXVII, p. 681

Cotton Vespasian B, X, p. 601

Cotton Vitellius A, XII, p. 695

Cotton Vitellius C, III, pp. 597, 612

Cotton Vitellius C, VIII, p. 695

CUL 213, p. 602

CUL 768, p. 775

CUL 1338, p. 678

CUL 1429, p. 558

CUL 1687, p. 679

CUL 1767, pp. 110, 663

CUL Ii-i-13, p. 652

CU Clare 15, p. 647

CU Corpus 193, p. 484

CU Jesus 44, p. 610

CU Trinity 884, p. 498

CU Trinity 906, p. 748

CU Trinity 936, p. 643

CU Trinity 945, p. 695

CU Trinity 987, p. 680

CU Trinity 1041, pp. 401, 557

CU Trinity 1044, p. 724

CU Trinity 1064, p. 749

CU Trinity 1109, pp. 678, 693

CU Trinity 1152, pp. 597, 599

CU Trinity 1365, p. 753

CU Trinity 1369, pp. 686, 692, 695

CU Trinity 1446, p. 564

Digby 30, p. 428

Digby 40, p. 646

Digby 43, p. 600

Digby 51, p. 110

Digby 58, p. 693

Digby 63, pp. 686, 695

Digby 67, pp. 340, 647

Digby 68, pp. 647, 652

Digby 79, p. 578

Digby 83, pp. 705-7

Digby 86, p. 678

Digby 88, p. 681

Digby 91, pp. 643, 646, 648

Digby 92, p. 647

Digby 93, p. 647

Digby 147, p. 647

Digby 174, pp. 701-2

Digby 176, p. 647

Digby 183, pp. 643, 646

Digby 194, pp. 652, 665

Dijon 448, p. 695

Dijon 1045, p. 650

Edwin Smith Papyrus, p. 12

Egerton 821, pp. 677-81, 684, 726-9

Egerton 823, p. 699

Escorial Q-I-4, pp. 52-3

Escorial R-I-5, pp. 52-3

Escorial &-II-9, p. 745

Eton 133, Bl.4.6, p. 556

Eton 134, Bl.4.7, p. 52

Exon. 23, p. 658

Florence II, iii, 214, pp. 653, 665

Gonville and Caius 109, p. 658

Gonville and Caius 345, p. 599

Gonville and Caius 400, p. 577

Gonville and Caius 411, p. 742

Grenoble 208, p. 506

Grenoble 258, p. 484

Gubbio 25, p. 499

Harleian 1, p. 650

Harleian 13, pp. 643, 663

Harleian 80, pp. 340, 665

Harleian 527, p. 557

Harleian 1585, pp. 597, 609, 696

Harleian 1612, p. 340

Harleian 1735, p. 684

Harleian 2258, p. 677

Harleian 3017, pp. 677, 680, 695

Harleian 3099, p. 623

Harleian 3271, p. 695

Harleian 3647, pp. 663, 665

Harleian 3859, p. 601

Harleian 3969, p. 241

Harleian 4346, p. 612

Harleian 4986, pp. 597, 608

Harleian 5294, p. 609

Harleian 5311, p. 694

Hatton 76, p. 776

Hunterian 44, p. 667

Ivrea 3, p. 634

Ivrea 6, p. 634

Ivrea 19, p. 692

Laon 407, p. 692

Laud. Misc. 247, pp. 498, 556

Laud. Misc. 567, pp. 749, 751

Laud. Misc. 594, pp. 650-1

Laud. Misc. 658, pp. 444, 477

Laurentianus xxxviii, 24, p. 683

Laurentianus Plut. 68, 2, p. 241

Lincoln College 34, p. 351

Lucca I, L, p. 764

Lucca 236, pp. 597, 695

Lyons 328, p. 664

Madrid 10016, p. 693

Magliabech. IV, 63, p. 499

Magliabech. XI, 117, p. 663

Magliabech. XX, 20, p. 665

Le Mans 15, p. 484

Le Mans 263, p. 52

Merton 219, p. 125

Monte Cassino 97, p. 577

Montpellier 277, pp. 600, 611, 776

Munich, Latin MSS., see CLM

New College MS., unnumbered, p. 52

Novara 40, p. 484

Orléans 35, p. 484

Orléans 192, p. 484

Orléans 276, p. 692

Ottobon. 443, p. 401

Palat. Lat. 487, p. 673

Pembroke 278, p. 676

Perugia 736, p. 598

Rawlinson C-117, p. 643

Rawlinson C-328, pp. 597, 600, 746

Riccard. 119, p. 670

Riccard. 1228, p. 776

Royal 2-C-XII, p. 498

Royal 4-A-XIII, p. 65

Royal 12-B-XVI, p. 577

Royal 12-C-IV, pp. 554, 556

Royal 12-C-XVIII, pp. 267, 340, 664

Royal 12-E-XX, p. 577

Royal 12-F-X, p. 65

Royal 13-A-I, pp. 554-5, 564-5

Royal 15-B-II, p. 601

Royal 15-B-IX, p. 701

Royal 15-C-IV, p. 601

Royal 15-C-VI, pp. 554, 556

Royal 17-A-I, p. 705

St. Augustine’s Canterbury 1166, p. 643

St. Augustine’s Canterbury 1172, p. 714

St. Gall 751, p. 596

Ste. Geneviève 2240, p. 643

St. John’s 17, p. 680

St. John’s 85, p. 747

St. John’s 128, p. 349

S. Marco 179, p. 658

S. Marco XI, 102, p. 665

S. Marco XI, 111, p. 694

S. Marco XIV, 7, p. 164

S. Marco XIV, 26, p. 164

Savile 15, p. 652

Schlestadt MS., pp. 765, 769

Selden 3467, p. 643

Selden supra 76, p. 643

Semur 10, p. 484

Sloane 475, chap. xxix, pp. 723-6

Sloane 1305, p. 665

Sloane 1571, p. 599

Sloane 1619, p. 556

Sloane 1734, p. 291

Sloane 1975, pp. 597, 609, 696

Sloane 2030, p. 652

Sloane 2454, p. 657

Sloane, 2461, pp. 681, 696

Sloane 2472, p. 716

Sloane 2839, pp. 723-4

Sloane 3554, p. 716

Sloane 3821, p. 340

Sloane 3826, p. 267

Sloane 3846, p. 665

Sloane 3847, pp. 340, 665

Sloane 3848, pp. 267, 611

Sloane 3857, p. 716

Sloane 3883, p. 665

Soissons 121, p. 484

Tanner 192, p. 663

Turin K-IV-3, p. 609

University College 33, p. 477

University College 89, p. 750

Vatican 180 to 185, p. 349

Vatican 269 to 273, p. 484

Vatican 642, p. 693

Vatican 644, pp. 693, 695

Vatican 645, p. 674

Vatican Palat. Lat. 176, p. 692

Vatican Palat. Lat. 235, chap. xxix

Vatican Palat. Lat. 485, chap. xxix

Vatican Palat. Lat. 859, p. 477

Vatican Urb. Lat. 290, p. 693

Vendôme 109, pp. 577-8

Vendôme 122, p. 484

Vendôme 129, p. 484

Vendôme 172, p. 577

Vendôme 175, p. 577

Vienna 303, p. 499

Vienna 2245, p. 679

Vienna 2272, p. 604

Vienna 2378, p. 665

Vienna 2385, p. 647

Vienna 2436, pp. 647, 650

Vienna 2511, p. 499

Vienna 2532, pp. 615, 681, 693

Vienna 3124, p. 267

Vienna 3207, p. 613

Vienna 3255, p. 332

Vienna 5203, p. 663

Vienna 5216, p. 340

Vienna 5371, p. 609

Vienna 10583, p. 651

Vind. Med. 29, p. 499

Westcar Papyrus, p. 8

Wolfenbüttel 2725, p. 340

Wolfenbüttel 2885, p. 668

Wolfenbüttel 3266, p. 477

Wolfenbüttel 4435, p. 498

Wolfenbüttel palimpsest, p. 121

FOOTNOTES:

[1] H. Cotton, _Five Books of Maccabees_, 1832, pp. ix-x.

[2] But Professor Haskins’ recent article in _Isis_ on “Michael Scot and Frederick II” and my chapter on Michael Scot were written quite independently.

[3] Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion; quoted by Sir James Frazer, _The Magic Art_ (1911), I, 426.

[4] That field has already been treated by Joseph Hansen, _Zauberwahn, Inquisition und Hexenprozess im Mittelalter_, 1900, and will be further illuminated by _A History of Witchcraft in Europe_, soon to be edited by Professor George L. Burr from H. C. Lea’s materials. See also a work just published by Miss M. A. Murray, _The Witch-Cult in Western Europe_, Oxford, 1921.

[5] Some of my scientific friends have urged me to begin with Aristotle, as being a much abler scientist than Pliny, but this would take us rather too far back in time and I have not felt equal to a treatment of the science of the genuine Aristotle _per se_, although in the course of this book I shall say something of his medieval influence and more especially of the Pseudo-Aristotle.

[6] Frazer has, of course, repeatedly made the point that modern science is an outgrowth from primitive magic. Carveth Read, _The Origin of Man_, 1920, in his chapter on “Magic and Science” contends that “in no case ... is Science derived from Magic” (p. 337), but this is mainly a logical and ideal distinction, since he admits that “for ages” science “is in the hands of wizards.”

[7] I am glad to see that other writers on magic are taking this view; for instance, E. Doutté, _Magie et religion dans l’Afrique du Nord_, Alger, 1909, p. 351.

[8] _Golden Bough_, 1894, I, 420. W. I. Thomas, “The Relation of the Medicine-Man to the Origin of the Professional Occupations” (reprinted in his _Source Book for Social Origins_, 4th edition, pp. 281-303), in which he disputes Herbert Spencer’s “thesis that the medicine-man is the source and origin of the learned and artistic occupations,” does not really conflict with Frazer’s statement, since for Thomas the medicine-man is a priest rather than a magician. Thomas remarks later in the same book (p. 437), “Furthermore, the whole attempt of the savage to control the outside world, so far as it contained a theory or a doctrine, was based on magic.”

[9] _Chaldean Magic and Sorcery_, 1878, p. 70.

[10] Jules Combarieu, _La musique et la magie_, Paris, 1909, p. v.

[11] _Ibid._, pp. 13-14.

[12] Among the early Arabs “poetry is magical utterance” (Macdonald (1909) p. 16), and the poet “a wizard in league with spirits” (Nicholson, _A Literary History of the Arabs_, 1914, p. 72).

[13] See S. Reinach, “L’Art et la Magie,” in _L’Anthropologie_, XIV (1903), and Y. Hirn, _Origins of Art_, London, 1900,