Part 31

Bo´loi--not translatable, probably corrupted from a foreign (Spanish?) name; a Mexican captive and Florida prisoner in 1875, still living.

BON-CONGAIS--see _Boho´n-ko´ñkya_.

bo´npä--sweathouse; more commonly called _sä´dalgu´ăt_, from _sä´daltep_, _sweat_.

Bo´npä p'a--see _Tépgañ p'a_.

BON-SON-GEE--see _Boho´n-ko´ñkya_.

Bon toñ--"stinking water, or spring," from _gyäbo´nse_, it stinks, and _toñ_ or _toñtep_; a water hole on the Staked plain, probably so called on account of sulphur or alkali impregnation. Probably Sulphur springs, in Martin county, Texas, at the head of the Colorado.

bot--stomach, belly.

Bot-e´dalte--"Big-stomach," from _bot_, _e´dal_, and _te_; a Kiowa woman who died in the winter of 1882-83.

Botk`i´ägo--Arapaho Grosventres; "belly people," from _bot_ and _k`i´ägo_. Cf. _Ä´hyäto_.

Bo´yoñko--see _Be´dalpa´go_,

byu´ñi--circle, circular.

CATAKA--see _Tagu´i_ and Kiowa Apache synonymy.

CAYGUA--Spanish form of _Gâ´igwŭ_ (see Kiowa synonymy).

CEAR-CHI-NEKA--see _Si´ăchĭ´nika_.

CET-MA-NI-TA--see _Setmä´nte_.

CHA-HON-DE-TON--"Cha-hon-de-ton, the Flying Squirrel," the name of a Kiowa signer of the treaty of 1837, as it appears in the document.

_Cho´nshita´_ (Apache)--An Apache signer of the treaty of 1867. The name appears on the treaty as "Cho-se-ta, or Bad Back."

CHO-SE-TA--see _Cho´nshita´_.

COMALTY--see _´daltoñ-e´dal_.

CON-A-HEN-KA--"Con-a-hen-ka, the Horne Frog" (sic), a Kiowa signer of the treaty of 1837, as the name appears in the treaty. The horned frog (toad or lizard) is called _se´hän_, and the correct name may possibly have been _Se´hänk`i´a_, "Horned-toad-man." In the treaty of 1867 T'ene´-ango´pte, "Kicking-bird," appears as "Ton-a-en-ko or Kicking Eagle."

CORBEAU--see _Gaa´-boho´n_.

dä--(1) eye; (2) star.

-dă--kill (in composition).

Da do´ha´--"medicine bluff," from _da´-i_ and _do´ha´_; Mount Rochester, etc., on the upper South Canadian, Texas panhandle.

Da´goi--a Kiowa hero (see story, Summer 1857). The name seems to contain the word _da´-i_, "medicine."

da´gya--song.

_Daha_ (Apache)--a Kiowa Apache chief and delegate in 1872; still living.

Da´hä´te--see _Mamä´nte_.

daho´tal--they kill us. See _eho´tal_.

da´-i--"medicine," sacred, religious, mysterious; _da´-i_, "medicine," in the ordinary English sense, is sometimes distinguished from _da´hä_, medicine, in the Indian sense of sacred or mysterious; _Dak`i´a_, God; _Daki´ada_, Sunday.

Daki´ada--Sunday; "medicine day," from _da´-i_ and _ki´ada_.

Daki´a-sä´n--Saturday; "little medicine day," from _da´-i_, _ki´ada_, and _sän_.

dam--(1) war path, war expedition; (2) first.

Dä´-mä´ta´n(-ta)--"star girls," from _dä_ and _mä´ta´n_; the Pleiades. There is a myth to account for the name. A ceremonial invocation and sacrifice were formerly made to them by mothers on behalf of their sick children, but the last priestess of the ceremony is now dead.

Dä´-mä´ta´n-ä´ p'a--Salt fork of Red river in Greer county, Oklahoma; literally, "Star girls (i. e., Pleiades) tree river," from _Dä´-mäta´n_, _ä_, and _p'a_; so called from a noted tree formerly there, which grew from the sprouting of a twig driven into the ground to support the "medicine" on occasion of a ceremonial sacrifice performed by the mother of Stumbling-bear (see above). The tree was about 30 miles up the creek and was finally cut down by the Comanche.

da´m-koñ´kya--evening; literally, "first darkness," from _dam_ and _koñkya_; also called _deko´mdo´le(-gya)_, from an archaic root referring to slight darkness.

dan--canyon, pass.

dan´--shoulder.

Da´npä´--see _Dohasän_ (_4_).

dä´npa´-iñgya--crown of the head.

Dä´n-pa´-iñgyat'a´-i--"Bald-head," "bald on the crown of the head," from _dä´nto´_, _dä´npa´-iñgya_; Lawrie Tatum, agent for the Kiowa and allied tribes, 1869--1873.

dä´nto´--bald; I am bald, _ä´dä´nto´ită´_.

Da´tekâ´ñ.--"Keeps-his-name-always;" it contains the root of _kâ´ñgya_, name; a Kiowa who assumed the role of prophet in 1881-82, taking the name of Pa´te´pte, "Buffalo-bull-coming-out," from _pa_, _tep_, and _te_.

_Datûmpa´ta_ (Hidatsa?)--given as the Hidatsa name for the Kiowa (see Kiowa synonymy).

_Däve´ko_ (Apache)--a Kiowa Apache chief and medicine man.

-de (in composition)--(1) all, many; (2) a possessive suffix ("of"), sometimes equivalent to "when," "where," or "there," as _Pai´-tälyi´-de tseñko_, Sun-boy's horses; _Pa´-ä´ngya tsä´n-de sai_, "winter when Sitting-bull came," "winter of Sitting-bull's coming."

De´ä´ p'a--"All-kinds-of-trees creek," or "Many-trees (or bushes) creek;" a stream in Kansas somewhere about Fort Dodge.

-de´e´--there is, where is; a suffix in composition.

degañ´ta--I trade (either buying or selling); gañta, trading; _gañ´ta do´_, trading house; _gañ´tak`i´_, trader.

de´hi´ñ--late afternoon, after about three oclock. Cf. _deki´äsa_.

deki´äsa--afternoon, until about three oclock. Cf. _de´hi´ñ_.

deko´mdo´le(-gya)--see _da´mko´ñkya_.

de´ngyä--ice.

De´ngyä-ko´ñ k`op--"Black-ice mountain," from _de´ngyä_, _ko´ñkya_, and _k`op_; a mountain on the southern edge of the Staked plain; so called from the appearance of the ice frozen on the branches of the trees after a rain while a Kiowa war party camped there (see Winter 1834-35).

de´no`te´li--gypsum; the word contains _teli_, "white clay." The Kiowa use it, when burned, to fasten arrowheads.

De´no`te´li p'a--Gypsum creek, Greer county, Oklahoma; "gypsum creek," from _de´no`te´li_ and _p'a_.

do--an intensive in composition, equivalent to "very" or "too," as _do´ye´t_, very large.

do´--tipi, house; plural, _do´ta_.

do´-a´--"tipi game," from _do´_ and _a_. For description see Winter 1881-82.

do´ä´--a circular windbreak or fence of brushwood around a tipi to keep off the force of the wind; from _do´_ and _ä_.

Doä´dal-koñ´kya--"Black-kettle" (plural form); the Kiowa name of the Cheyenne chief "Black-kettle," killed in the battle of the Washita, 1868. See the next.

Doä´dal-koñ´kya-eho´tal-de´e--"where Black-kettle was killed" from _Doä´dal-koñ´kya_, _eho´tal_, and _de_; the place of the "battle of the Washita," in western Oklahoma, November 27, 1868.

do´a´t--condition of ceremonial mourning; in mourning; _do´ătda_, he is in mourning. At such times they gash themselves, cut off their hair and the hair of their horses' tails, neglect their dress and discard their ornaments and paint, isolate themselves and wail night and morning in lonely places. The regular word for "crying" is _a´lyă_.

doä´to, plural doä´dal--pot, kettle; _koä´to_, plural _koä´dal_, plate, pan.

do´bä--face; in composition _do_.

Do´-e´dalte--"Big-face;" a Kiowa warrior killed in 1835-36.

dogâ´i--white faced (as applied to an animal); having the face of a color different from that of the rest of the body; from _do´bä_ and _gâ´idă_. Cf. _Gâ´igwŭ_.

Do-gi´ägyä-gu´ăt--"battle picture tipi," from _do´_, _gi´ägyä_, and _gu´ăt_; the hereditary tipi of Doha´sän's family (see Winter 1872-73 and plate LXXIX).

do`go´t-ä´--oak, oak tree, literally "very hard wood," from _do_, _got_, and _ä_; they now say _ka`do´li-ä_, which conveys the same idea, on account of the death of a woman named Do`go´tä about five years ago. _Do`go´t-e´_, acorn, literally "oak fruit."

Do go´t-ä p'a--Oak creek or Post-oak creek, a small southern tributary of the Washita in County H, Oklahoma; literally, "oak creek," from _do`go´t-ä_ and _p'a_. The name has recently been changed to _Ka`do´li-ä p'a_ (see the preceding).

Do`gu´at--Wichita, with their cognate tribes the Waco and Tawakoni, and presumably also the Kichai; singular _Do`gu´atk`ia_, literally "pictured, or tattooed faces," from _do´bä_ and _gu´ăt_, on account of their practice of tattooing; sometimes also called Be´dalgu´ăt, "tattooed mouths;" singular, _Be´dalgu´ătk`i´a_, their Comanche name; _Do´`kana_ conveys a similar meaning. They call themselves _Kĭtikĭti´sh_, spelled _Kidi-ki-tashe_ in the Greer county testimony.

Do`gu´at k`op--"Wichita mountain," from _Do`gu´ăt_ and _k`op_. The Kiowa call by this name only those at the western end, between Elk creek and the North fork of Red river, on the reservation, in the vicinity of the old Wichita village (see Summer 1834). For the rest of the group they have names only for particular peaks.

do´guătal--a young man.

Do´guătal-e´dal--"Big-young-man," from _do´guătal_ and _e´dal_; a sacrilegious Kiowa warrior in 1861.

Do´guătal-tai´de--"Young-man-chief," from _do´guătal_ and _tai´de_; agent Lieut. Maury Nichols, in charge 1893-94.

do´`gyäho´n--she was frozen; I am freezing, _ädo´`gyäho´n_.

do´ha´--bluff.

Doha´, Doha´te, or Doha´-sän--"Bluff" or "Little-bluff," from _do´ha´_, _sän_, and _te_; the hereditary name of a line of chiefs in the Kiowa tribe for nearly a century. The name has been borne by at least four of the family, viz: (1) The first of whom there is remembrance was originally called _Pa´-do`gâ´-i_ or _Pado'gâ_, "White-faced-buffalo-bull" (from _pa_ and _do-`gâ´-i_), and this name was afterward changed to _Doha´_ or _Doha´te_, "Bluff." He was also a prominent chief. (2) His son was originally called _Ä´anoñ´te_ (a word of doubtful etymology), and afterward took his father's name of _Doha´te_, which was changed to _Doha´sän_, "Little Dohate," or "Little-bluff," for distinction. He became a great chief, ruling over the whole tribe from 1833 until his death in 1866. His portrait was painted in 1834 by Catlin, who calls him _Teh-toot-sah_, and his name appears on the treaty of 1837 as _To-ho-sa_, the "Top of the Mountain." (3) His son, whose widow is Anki´mä, inherited his father's name, Doha´sän, was also a distinguished warrior, and died about three years ago. His scalp-shirt and war-bonnet case are now in the National Museum. (4) The nephew of the great Doha´sän II and cousin of the last mentioned (3) was also called Doha´sän, and always wore a silver cross with the name "Tohasan" engraved upon it. He was the author of the Scott calendar, and died in 1892; shortly before his death he changed his name to _Da´npä´_, "Shoulder-blade," from _da´n_, "shoulder" (?), leaving only Anki´mä's husband (3) to bear the hereditary name, which is now extinct.

Doha´te-he´m-de p'a--see _Ä´pätdo´ p'a_.

Dohe´ñko--the Carrizo, and probably also the Karankawa; "shoeless people," from _do´ti_, _heñ-_, and _ko_. The Tonkawa also called both these tribes and others on the Texas coast the "shoeless" or "barefoot people" (Gatschet). The Kiowa know the name Carrizo from having still among them some captives of that tribe, and state that they wore sandals instead of regular moccasins. Also called _Kâ´nhe´ñko_ and _Yi´atä´teheñko_, from _kân_ and _yi´atä´te_, other synonyms for _do´ti_, moccasin, q. v.

Dohe´ñte--"No-moccasins," or "Barefoot," a keeper of the _taíme_, who succeeded Anso´`te in 1873 and died in the winter of 1875-76; called _Tohaint_ by Battey.

Do´ho´n--Mandan, said to mean "last tipi," from _do´+_; an older form of the same name is _Dowa´koho´n_, and they are also sometimes called _Sa´bă´_, "stingy."

do´`ka´ñi--bark (of a tree); contains _ka´ni_, shell or rind.

Do´`ka´ñi k`op--"bark mountains," the Santa Rosa mountains in northern Coahuila, Mexico.

Do´`ka´ñi-t'a`ka´-i--"Bark (mountain) Mexicans," those in the vicinity of the Santa Rosa mountains, Coahuila (see the preceding).

Do´-ko´nsenä´go--Chiricahua Apache; "People of the turned-up moccasins," from _do´ti_, _ko´nsenä´_, and _go_; the "Hooked or Curved Toe Apache" of Clark (page 33). They are now prisoners of war at Fort Sill on the reservation, and were known to the Kiowa under this name before their removal from Arizona.

dom, dâm--(1) earth; (2) under, in composition.

Doma´ñk`i´ägo--see _Gu´igyä´ko_.

do´mba´--bugle, flute, flageolet. Nearly every tribe of the plains and eastward has its native flute.

do´mbe--country, region, from _dom_ or _dâm_.

Domo´ntoñ--ocean; literally seems "water surrounding the earth," from _dom_ and _toñ_. They have no specific names except by description.

do´n--fat (noun); I am fat, _ädo´n_.

Do´n p'a--South Platte river; "fat river," on account of the former abundance of the buffalo there. According to Clark, the South Platte is known to the tribes as Fat or Greasy or sometimes as Goose river.

do´nä´i--pecan; literally, "fat or oily tree fruit," from _do´n_, _ä_ and _i_ or _e_. Another name is _oñ´guă_.

Do´nä´i p'a--(1) Elk creek of North fork of Red river, on the reservation; it was formerly called _Ko`ga´-i p'a_, "Elk creek." Elk have been seen in the adjoining portion of the Wichita mountains within the last twenty years. (2) Nueces river, Texas, called also _Nakü´`tävä hono_, "Pecan river," by the Comanche. The Kiowa name also signifies "Pecan river." (3) The southernmost tributary of _Señ p'a_ (Salado, Nuevo Leon, Mexico), i. e., probably the Sabinas Hidalgo branch (lower Salado).

doñ´iga--far below, as at the bottom of a well or canyon. Deep is _zoñ_.

Doñ´iga-p'a´da´-de´e or Doñ´iga-p'ak`a´dee--Cataract canyon; Colorado canyon, Arizona; literally, "it has," or "there is" (_da´_) a river (_p'a_) lying (_k`a_) there (_de´e_) far below (_doñ´iga_). The Kiowa have visited both canyons, and tell of killing several Havasupai (Coconino), who seemed unused to enemies, in a raid upon their canyon home on Cataract creek.

do´npä--cat-tail rushes (_Equisetum arvense_), singular, _do´npä´ga_. The name is connected with _do´n_, "fat," from the resemblance in the edible portion; kidney fat is also called _do´npä_. The Indians eat raw the soft white portion at the base of the stalk.

do´ti--moccasin, shoe; this is the oldest word, and has held its own. Other words used instead at various periods on account of deaths, are _yi´atä´te_ and _kân_.

Dowa´koho´n--see _Do´ho´n_.

-e, or -i--fruit, berry, grain, nut, in composition; perhaps same as _i_, child or offspring, q. v.

e´dăl--great, large, big; another word used is _bi´ăn_, _bi´ăntă_. Variants are _et_, _e´do´_ or _e´dă_, and _e´e´t_; _edal_ is generally used for animate objects and for tipi or house; _e´do´_ or _e´dă´_ is used for inanimate objects generally; _et_ is generally used for inanimate objects, but may also be used for man, horse, and dog; _e´e´t_, a plural form, is used for tree, box, and some others. It is large, _et_; they are large, _ebi´ăn_.

eda´se´mk`op--they stole them (horses). Cf. _ä´semtse_.

edo´nmo--they are searching or hunting for something; I search or hunt for, _gyädo´nmo_.

edo´päñ--they were initiated as _Kâ´itseñko_. Cf. _äo´päñ_.

eet--see _edal_.

e´`gu´--a plant (i. e., something planted to grow from seed or cutting; not something growing without human aid); from _e_ and _gu´ă_, to plant; I plant, _gyäte´gu´ă`dă_; plant it! _bäte´gŭ´!_

E´`gua p'a--Chandler creek, on the reservation; literally, "Garden creek," frome _e´`gu´_ and _p'a_, because the Apache had their principal cornfields there.

eho´tal--he was killed; I kill him, gyäho´taldă; he killed him, _äho´tal_; I killed him, _gyäho´tal_ (_gyälho´tl_); they killed us, _daho´tal_; kill him! _äho´!_ _ho´tăl!_

ek`i´ädă--it sprouted, it has sprouted, it is growing; said of the young plant when it appears above ground; _gyäk`i´ädă_, growing, sprouting. Cf. _gyäk`i´ädă_.

E´maä--not translatable; a Kiowa woman, keeper of the _taíme_ since 1894.

E´oñte--a Kiowa man, otherwise known as _Gu´ădal-e´dal_, "Big-red;" the word may have connection with _eoñ´to_, I like him.

eoñ´ti--I like him. Cf. _Gyai´`koao´ñte_.

E´`pea--"We-(they-)are-afraid-of-him," from _gyäpe´to_; a Kiowa warrior, who died a prisoner in Florida after 1875.

ES-A-NANCA--see _Ĭsänä´năka_.

_Ĕ´sikwi´ta_ (Comanche)--"brown dung," so called, it is said, from the color produced by eating piñon nuts in the mountains, or perhaps an allusion to the appearance of the favorite "mescal bread" of the tribe. Mescalero Apache; a Comanche name adopted by the Kiowa to designate the same tribe; sometimes also called _Ätäbĭts_ by the Comanche; under the name of _Essequeta_ or _Essequeta Apache_, the Kiowa Apache have sometimes been confounded with them, and the Kiowa sometimes confound them with the _Ä´tagu´i_ or Lipan.

ESSEQUETA--see _Ĕ´sikwi´ta_.

et--see _edal_.

eta´`ga--they shot it, or them; I shoot, _deta´`bo´_; I shall shoot, _deta´`tito´_; I shot (either with bow or gun), _deta´`ga_; shoot! _beta´`de!_

E´tälyidonmo--"He-(they-)hunts-for-boys," from _tä´lyi´_ and _edo´nmo_; a Florida prisoner in 1875, afterward a student and worker in his tribe.

etku´egan--they brought it dragging (i. e., a head); I drag it, or him, _deku´eba´_; I bring it dragging, _deku´egan_.

eto´dă.--they (poles) were left standing; I leave it standing, _deto´di´`to_.

e´tpata--they ate it (ashes); I eat, _gyä`pa´ta_. Cf. _gyäpa´ta_, it is sprouting.

etpe´--they were afraid, or frightened. Cf. _gyä`pe´to_.

e´zăn, e´zhăn--agent, i. e., Indian agent; corrupted from "agent."

E´zănyă, E´zhănyă --the agency, at Anadarko, Oklahoma, from "agent," "agency;" sometimes referred to as _Ägun´tä p'a´-gyă_, "at Washita river," or _E´zăn-do´i_, "at the agent's house."

FISH-E-MORE--see _T'a`ka´-i-p'o´dal_.

gaa´--an archaic name for crow (now _ma´ñsă´_; cf. _mă´să´_, six), still used in composition in proper names.

Gaa´-boho´n--"Crow-bonnet;" a Kiowa chief, signer of the treaty of 1867, where he is called "Corbeau, or The Crow." He never wore a shirt, but in winter threw a buffalo robe over his naked shoulders.

Gaa´-k`i´ägo--Crow Indians, "Crow people;" it is said they are sometimes called also _Koñ-k`i´ägo_, "black people," but this is probably another name for the Ute or _I´atä´go_, q. v.

Gaa´-k`o´dalte--"Crow-neck," from _gaa´_, _k`o´dal_, and _te_; a Kiowa chief, who died in 1842.

Gaa´piata´ñ--"Feathered-lance" from _gaa´yi_ and _pi´atañ´ga_; an old Kiowa war chief, better known as Heidsick, a corruption of _Hai´tsĭki_, the Comanche rendering of his Kiowa name.

gaa´yi--a feathered lance sheath, made usually of red cloth with pendent eagle feathers and drawn up over the shaft of the lance, leaving the blade exposed.

ga´bodălyi´ or ga´bodli--sheep or goat; possibly from the Spanish _cabra_. The wild sheep is called _teñbe_, and the name is sometimes applied also to the domestic sheep.

Ga´bodly k`op--see _Teñbe k`op_.

ga´dal--buffalo; now sometimes used also for cattle; _pa_, a buffalo bull.

ga´dal-ä´--see _ta´-ä_.

Gadalkoko--see _K`iñ´ähi-pi´äñko_.

Gado´mbitso´ñhi--"old woman, under the ground;" a sacred image formerly belonging to the Kiñep division (see page 239).

Gâ´i--Kiowa, in composition; _Gâ´i-gwŭ_, the Kiowa tribe; _Gâ´imä_, a Kiowa woman; _Gâ´ido´ñ_, the Kiowa language; _ĭmgâ´ido´ñ_, say it in Kiowa.

Gâ´i K`at'a--see _K`at'a_.

Gâ´i k`op--"Kiowa mountains;" that portion of the Rocky mountains at the head of Missouri and Yellowstone rivers; so called because the Kiowa formerly lived there. Farther south they are called _I´ătä k`op_, "Ute mountains," and in Mexico, _K`ob-e´tă_, "great mountains."

Gâ´i-gwŭ´--(1) the Kiowa tribe; (2) one of the recognized six divisions of the Kiowa tribe, and probably the original nucleus of the tribe. In this word the root is _gâ´i_, while _gwŭ_ is the tribal suffix, more usually formed as _go_ or _ko_, q. v. The word seems to be derived from _gâ´idă_, implying having a half or part of different color from the rest; perhaps in this case alluding to some old style of face or body paint or to the former custom of wearing the hair cut short on one side of the head, as already noted. A feather of the war eagle is described as _gâ´idă´_, because one-half of it is white and the other black; a white-face horse is called _do´-gâ´idă´_. Cf. _Pa-do`gâ´-i_, "white-face-buffalo-bull."

ga´kiñ--ten. Cf. _pägo_.

Ga´kiñăte--"Ten," from _ga´kiñ_ and _te_; a Kiowa warrior, brother of Lone-wolf, 1883-84.

Ga´kiñăt'o P'a--"moon of ten cold (days)," from _ga´kiñ_, _gyät'o´_, and _p'a_; the first moon of the Kiowa year, comprising parts of September and October (see page 368).

gañ--goose.

Gañe´tä--see _O´konoñ-yä´dăldä_.

Gañhi´ña P'a--"real, or principal, goose moon," from _gañ_, _hiñ_, and _p'a_; a Kiowa moon or month, including parts of December and January (see the calendar).

Gano´ñko--see _Be´dalpa´go_.

Gañ´sa--Kansas or Kaw Indians; from their own name.

Ga´ñsûñko--see _Ga´ñsa_.

Gañ´ta p'a--Double-mountain fork of Brazos river, Texas; literally, "Trading river," from _degañ´ta_ and _p'a_. The name may have originated from the fact that a trail, by which the Indians passed around or across the Staked plain to New Mexico, ran along the stream.

gañton--a soldier's cap or visor.

Gañton´to---see _Be´dalpa´go_.

Ga´nu´än--see _Pa´sotkyät'o´_.

Ga´ta`ka--see _Tagu´i_ and Kiowa Apache synonymy.

gi--(1) meat, flesh; (2) abbreviation of _giñ´agya_ or _gi´ñde_, q. v.

gi´ădal, gyä`-gi´ădal--to dwell; he dwells.

Gi´ădede´te--"He-faces-the-line" (as of soldiers), from _gi´atiäpa´ntă_, "I face the line;" a Kiowa warrior killed in Mexico in 1843-44.

Gi´agu´ădălta´go--Indians; literally, "people of red flesh," from _gi_, _gu´ădal_, and _go_.

gi´ägyä--battle, coup; I am fighting, _depai´gop_; I strike in battle, _gyä`gi´ägop_.

gi´ăka´-i--"back hide," from _gi´apa´iñgya_ and _ka-i_, a piece of rawhide worn over the shoulders by women to protect the back when carrying wood or other burdens; sometimes called _gi´gyäka´-i_.

Gi´ăka´-ite--"Back-hide," from _gi´ăka´-i_ and _te_; an oil man who was abandoned to die in the winter of 1859-60.

gi´ăni--long, tall, as a tree, tipi pole, etc; for things not usually erect (fence, string, pencil, etc) and for man, the common word is _gyu´ñi_.

gi´apa´-iñgya--back (of the body). Cf. _go´mtä_.

Giatä´ P'ada´ti--see _Ai´koñ p'a_, _2_.

Gi´-edal--"Big-meat;" a Kiowa warrior killed in New Mexico in the winter of 1874-75.

gi´gyäka´-i--see _gi´aka´-i_.

giñ´aga--very early in the morning. Cf. _giñ´ăgya_.

gi´ñăgya--night; abbreviated _gi´ñde_ or _gi_; _pägo gi_, one night. Cf. _giñ´aga_.

_Gĭnä´s_ (Wichita)--see _Tagu´i_ and Kiowa Apache synonymy.

giñăto´gya--after midnight; from _gi´ñăgya_ and _togya_.

gi´ñde--see _gi´ñăgya_.

gi´ñ-kopa´-iñgya--midnight, from _giñ´ăgya_ and _kopa´-iñgya_.

go--(1) and; (2) see _-ko_.

go´be--wild horse.

Go´be--"Wild-horse," a Florida prisoner in 1875.

Go´ho--"Kick," from _gyä´ango´p_; a Mexican captive and Florida prisoner in 1875.

go´m-â´dal-hâ´ñgya--"back hair metal," from _go´mtä_, _âdal_, and _hâ´ñgya_; a strap or strip of red cloth ornamented with silver disks, worn pendent behind from the scalp-lock. Cf. _â´dalhâ´ñgya_.

Gomä´te--see _´daltoñ-e´dal_.

go´mgyä--wind; the wind is blowing, _go´mde´_.

Go´mgyä dan--"wind canyon;" a canyon pass at the extreme head of Double-mountain fork of Brazos river, Texas.

go´mtä--back (of the body); in composition, _gom_. Cf. _gi´apa´-iñgya_.

_Goñk`o´ñ_ (Apache)--an Apache chief and delegate to Washington in 1894, commonly known as Apache John.

gu´a-da´gya--the "travel song," sung by a war party on setting out (see Winter 1862-63). The literal meaning may be "wolf song," i. e., _gu´i-da´gya_. "Just before a war party sets out, its members get together and sing the 'peeling a stick song,' which is a wolf song; also, if a person is hungry and sings a wolf song he is likely to find food. Men going on a hunting trip sing these songs, which bring them good luck."--Grinnell, _Blackfeet_, _2_.

gu´ădal--red; it is practically a synonym for "paint," red being the favorite and most sacred color with all Indian tribes. It is red, it is painted, _gu´ădaldă´_. Cf. _gyä`gu´ătda´_.

Gu´ădal do´ha´--"red bluff;" a bluff on the north side of the South Canadian, about the mouth of Mustang creek, and a few miles above Adobe Walls, in the panhandle of Texas. A principal trail crossed there and a trading post was established there by William Bent in 1843-44. It was here that Carson had his fight with the Kiowa in 1864. Cf. _Sä´k`odal Gu´ădal Do´ha´_.

Gu´ădal k`op--(1) "red mountain;" a small mountain near Eagle-heart's camp, upper Rainy-mountain creek, on the reservation. (2) A mountain in Colorado described as being north of Arkansas river, a short distance above the river of Colorado Springs, and on an extreme northern head branch of the Arkansas. This description would seem to make it Pike's Peak, the most prominent peak of that region, but the statement of direction may be an error for Red mountain, _southward_ from the Arkansas, and southwest of Pueblo.

Gu´ădal p'a--"red river;" (1) the South Canadian; (2) Big Wichita river, Texas.

Gu´ădal-e´dal--see _E´oñte_.

Gu´ădalka´pä--"paint (red) is there;" a rocky bank eastward from Se´t-ĭmki´a's camp on Äda´n p'a, from which the Kiowa procure a red mineral paint.

Guadal-k`udal-dee p'a--"paint-is-there creek;" Clay creek, a southern tributary of the Arkansas, in Colorado; so called on account of the abundance there of clay paint. Also sometimes called _Yädaldä p'a_, "Hill creek," on account of the Two Buttes near its head.

Gu´ădaloñ´te--"Painted-red," a Kiowa leader about 1839. The name implies that he had red paint upon his body, face, or hair, from _gu´ădal_, paint, or red; _gu´ădaldă´_, it is red or painted.

Gu´ădaltse´yu--"Red-pet," or "Little-red," from _gu´ădal_ and _-tse´yu_, a noted race-horse stolen by an escaping Pawnee prisoner in 1852-53.

gu´ak`o--yellow.

gu´ăn, gu´ănkya--dance; I dance, _degu´ănmo_. Cf. _guntä_ and _gun_.

Gu´a´na--Quanah Parker; the Kiowa form of his Comanche name _Kwäna_ or _Kwaina_, "fragrant." He is a half-blood, the head chief of the Comanche, being the son of a Comanche chief by a captive white woman, Cynthia Parker (see the following).

Gu´a´na-de-`ta´ho--Adobe Walls, on the north side of the South Canadian, just west of 101°, in the panhandle of Texas. The name signifies "where Quanah led his confederates," i. e., "Quanah's battle ground," alluding to the noted battle there in June, 1874 (see page 203).

Gu´a´na-de p'a--see _Gwa´hale p'a_.

_Gu´añteka´na_ (Apache)--see _Se´t-ta´dal_.

gu´ăt(-gya)--picture, brand, tattoo, writing, etc, from _gyä`gu´ătda´_.

gu´ăto--bird (see _t'e´ne´_).

gu´ăto´hiñ--eagle; literally, "principal bird," from _gu´ăto_ and _-hiñ_.

Gu´ătoi p'a--"small bird creek" (not _Gu´ăto´hiñ p'a_, "eagle creek"), from _gu´ăto_ and _-i_; a stream somewhere southwestward from Double mountain, Texas, near the old California emigrant trail (_Ho´an-t'a`ka´-i_).

Gu´ăto-ko´ñkya--"Black-bird;" a Kiowa signer of the treaty of 1867, where the name appears as "Wa-toh-konk, or Black Eagle."

gu´ătoñ--ribs; singular, _gu´ăte´m_, from _tem_.

Gu´ătoñ-bi´ăn--see _Se´t-t'ai´ñte_.

Gu´ăto-ze´dalbe--"Dangerous-eagle;" a Kiowa chief about 1876, brother of Big-tree. Although the name is really "dangerous bird," the _guăto_ is understood to be here an abbreviated form in composition of _gu´ăto´hiñ_.

gu´i--wolf (generic); the gray wolf is _gui-t'ai´ñmo_, from t'aiñ, "white;" the coyote is sometimes distinguished as _gui ma´ñtoñ-tso´ñi_, "sharp-nose wolf."

Gui p'a--"wolf creek;" Wolf creek, upper branch of North Canadian, Oklahoma.

Gu´i-bada´i--"Appearing-wolf," or "Wolf-coming-in-sight," from _gu´i_ and _badai´_; a Kiowa warrior in 1873.

Gu´i-bo´tte--"Wolf-stomach," from _gu´i_, _bot_, and _te_; a Kiowa warrior in 1875; died while a prisoner in Florida.

Gu´igyä´ p'a--"Pawnee river," from _Gu´igyä´ko_ and _p'a_. A river, probably the Kansas (Kaw) or one of its branches, the Smoky-hill, Saline, Solomon, or Republican, described as between the Arkansas and the Platte, but not tributary to either (see Summer 1834).