Part 10
and as a mild laxative; externally as dusting powder. See also Magma Magnesiae, under =Magnesii Hydroxidum=.
DOSAGE: 3 Gm. or 45 grains (U.S.P.).
_Mistura Magnesiae, Asafoetidae et Opii (Mist. Mag. Asafoet. et Opii), Mixture of Magnesia, Asafetida and Opium, N.F._ (Mistura Magnesiae et Asafoetidae, N.F. III, Dewees' Carminative).--Magnesium carbonate (5%), tincture of asafetida (7.5%), tincture of opium (1%), and sugar in water. Absolute alcohol content about 7 per cent.
USES: Complex and irrational mixture intended for use in diarrhea.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
=Magnesii Chloridum (Magnes. Chlorid.), Magnesium Chloride, N.F.=--MgCl{2} + 6H{2}O.
Colorless transparent crystals or white translucent pieces; deliquescent in moist air. Very soluble in water (1:0.6) and soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Similar to but without advantage
over magnesium sulphate.
DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (N.F.).
=*Magnesii Citras, Magnesium Citrate.=
_*Liquor Magnesii Citratis (Liq. Mag. Cit.), Solution of Magnesium Citrate, U.S.P._--Magnesium citrate corresponding to not less than 1.5 per cent. of magnesium oxide.
USES: Efficient and not distasteful mild saline laxative.
DOSAGE: 350 Cc. or 12 fluidounces (1 bottle) (U.S.P.).
=Magnesii Hydroxidum, Magnesium Hydroxide.=
_Magma Magnesiae (Magma Mag.), Magnesia Magma, U.S.P._ (Milk of Magnesia).--A suspension of magnesium hydroxide in water [equivalent to about 7% Mg(OH){2}] forming a thick, white liquid.
USES: Widely used as mild alkaline laxative and tooth wash.
DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
=*Magnesii Oxidum (Mag. Oxid.), Magnesium Oxide, U.S.P.= (Magnesia, Calcined Magnesia, Light Magnesia).--MgO (not less than 96%).
A white, bulky, odorless powder with an earthy but not saline taste. Almost insoluble in water; insoluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Useful antacid and laxative.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
=Magnesii Oxidum Ponderosum (Mag. Oxid. Pond.), Heavy Magnesium Oxide, U.S.P.= (Heavy Magnesia).--MgO (96%).
White, dense powder.
## ACTION AND USES: Used like magnesium oxide.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
=*Magnesii Sulphas (Mag. Sulph.), Magnesium Sulphate, U.S.P.= (Epsom Salt).--MgSO{4} + 7H{2}O.
Small, colorless, odorless crystals, with a cooling, saline, bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1); almost insoluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: One of the most active of the saline
cathartics.
DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.), in solution. A solution containing 1 Gm. of salt in each Cc. may be given, 5 Cc. every hour until a laxative effect is secured. This should usually be diluted with water.
_Liquor Magnesii Sulphatis Effervescens (Liq. Mag. Sulph. Eff.), Effervescent Solution of Magnesium Sulphate, N.F._--Magnesium sulphate (about 7%) with syrup of citric acid, potassium citrate and water.
DOSAGE: The contents of a bottle, about 350 Cc. or nearly 12 fluidounces (N.F.).
=Maltum (Maltum), Malt, U.S.P.=--Malted barley, capable of converting not less than 5 times its weight of starch into sugars.
Yellowish grains with a characteristic odor and a sweet taste.
## ACTION AND USES: Used to digest starch by its diastase.
_Extractum Malti (Ext. Malt.), Extract of Malt, U.S.P._--Syrupy liquid.
DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.).
=Malvae Folia (Malv. Fol.), Mallow Leaves, N.F.=
## ACTION AND USES: Demulcent "herb tea," without definite
indications for its use.
=Mangani Citras Solubilis (Mangan. Cit. Sol.), Soluble Manganese Citrate, N.F.= (Manganese and Sodium Citrate).
Yellowish or pinkish white powder or translucent scales, odorless and having a slightly bitter, astringent taste. Freely soluble in water (1:4) and nearly insoluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Manganese salts have been tried as
hematinic tonics, but are of very doubtful value. The choice among the various salts is a matter of convenience. The soluble citrate is typical of the soluble manganese salts, the dioxide of the insoluble.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
=Mangani Dioxidum Praecipitatum (Mangan. Diox. Praec.), Precipitated Manganese Dioxide, U.S.P.=--Chiefly MnO{2}.
Heavy, odorless, tasteless black powder. Insoluble in water or alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: See =Mangani Citras Solubilis=.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
=Mangani Glycerophosphas Solubilis (Mangan. Glycerophos. Sol.), Soluble Manganese Glycerophosphate, N.F.= (Soluble Manganous Glycerinophosphate).--A mixture of manganese glycerophosphate and citric acid.
Yellowish or pinkish white, odorless powder, with an acid taste. Freely soluble in water (1:4); alcohol dissolves the citric acid and leaves a residue which is nearly insoluble in water.
## ACTION AND USES: As a manganese compound it has no
material advantage over other manganese salts. For a discussion of glycerophosphates, see =Sodii Glycerophosphas=.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
=Mangani Hypophosphis (Mangan. Hypophos.), Manganese Hypophosphite, N.F.=--Mn(H{2}PO{2}){2} + H{2}O.
Pink, odorless, nearly tasteless powder. Freely soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: As a manganese compound, has no
material advantage over other manganese salts. For a discussion of hypophosphites, see =Calcii Hypophosphis=.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
=Mangani Sulphas (Mangan. Sulph.), Manganese Sulphate, N.F.=--MnSO{4} (about 65%).
Pale rose-colored, translucent, odorless crystals, with a slightly bitter taste, slightly efflorescent in moist air. Freely soluble in water (1:1) and insoluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Without material advantage over
other manganese salts.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).
=Manna (Manna), Manna, U.S.P.=--A dried sap.
## ACTION AND USES: Mild laxative; antiquated.
DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.) as infusion.
_Syrupus Mannae (Syr. Mann.), Syrup of Manna, N.F._--Manna (12.5%) and alcohol in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 6 per cent.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
=MASSAE, MASSES.=--Soft solid preparations of such consistency that they can readily be made into pills. For the various masses, see under the names of the respective drugs.
=Mastiche (Mastic.), Mastic, N.F.=--A resin.
Completely soluble in ether and almost completely soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Carminative, without special advantage
over cardamom or fennel.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
=Matico (Matic.), Matico, N.F.= (Matico Leaves).
## ACTION AND USES: Obsolete genito-urinary "stimulant,"
without advantage over buchu, etc.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Matico (Fldext. Matic.), Fluidextract of Matico, N.F._--Matico (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Matricaria (Matricar.), Matricaria, U.S.P.= (German Chamomile, Wild Chamomile).--Flower heads.
## ACTION AND USES: Popularly used as a bitter and aromatic
"tea" and poultice, any effects being due mostly to the hot water.
DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.).
=Mel (Mel), Honey, U.S.P.=
## ACTION AND USES: Demulcent.
_Mel Depuratum (Mel Depurat.), Clarified Honey, U.S.P._
_Mel Rosae (Mel Rosae), Honey of Rose, U.S.P._--Fluidextract of rose and clarified honey. Absolute alcohol content about 5 per cent.
USES: Flavoring vehicle; rarely used.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
=Melilotus (Melilot.), Melilot, N.F.= (Yellow Sweet Clover).--Leaves and flowering tops.
## ACTION AND USES: Formerly used as a stimulant and
antispasmodic and in the treatment of neuralgia especially associated with debility. Now seldom used; no scientific indications for its use.
=MELLITA, HONEYS.=--Sweet liquids having honey as a base. For the various honeys, see under the names of the respective principal ingredients. For Mel Rosae, see under =Mel=; for Mel Rosae et Sodii Boratis, see under =Sodii Boras=.
=*Mentha Piperita (Menth. Pip.), Peppermint, U.S.P.=--Leaves and flowering tops.
## ACTION AND USES: Carminative and flavor, used chiefly
in the form of the oil and spirit, which see under =Oleum Menthae Piperitae=.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).
=Mentha Viridis (Menth. Vir.), Spearmint, U.S.P.=--Leaves and flowering tops.
## ACTION AND USES: Same as those of peppermint. See
=Oleum Menthae Viridis=.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).
=*Menthol (Menthol), Menthol, U.S.P.=--Obtained from oil of peppermint or other mint oils.
Colorless crystals, with a strong peppermint odor and an aromatic taste. Slightly soluble in water; very soluble in alcohol, chloroform or petroleum benzin.
## ACTION AND USES: Used locally as counterirritant and
analgesic; sometimes internally as carminative.
DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain.
_Inunctum Mentholis (Inunct. Menthol.), Menthol Inunction, N.F._--Menthol (5%) and hydrous wool fat.
_Inunctum Mentholis Compositum (Inunct. Menthol. Co.), Compound Menthol Inunction, N.F._--Menthol (5%), methyl salicylate (10%) and hydrous wool fat.
_Menthol Camphoratum (Menthol Camph.), Camphorated Menthol, N.F._ (Campho-Menthol, N.F. III, Camphor and Menthol).--Camphor (47.5%), menthol (47.5%) and alcohol.
_Nebula Mentholis (Nebul. Menthol.), Menthol Spray, N.F._--Menthol (2%) in light liquid petrolatum.
_Nebula Mentholis Composita (Nebul. Menthol. Co.), Compound Menthol Spray, N.F._--Menthol (1%), camphor (1%), methyl salicylate, eucalyptol and oil of cinnamon in light liquid petrolatum.
_Petroxolinum Mentholis (Petrox. Menthol.), Menthol Petroxolin, N.F._ (Menthol Petrox).--Menthol (17%) in liquid petroxolin.
=Menyanthes (Menyanth.), Menyanthes, N.F.= (Buckbean, Marsh Trefoil).--Leaves of _Menyanthes trifoliata_.
## ACTION AND USES: Obsolete bitter; no special indications
for its use.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
=*Methylis Salicylas (Methyl. Salicyl.), Methyl Salicylate, U.S.P.= (Oleum Gaultheriae, U.S.P. VIII, Oil of Wintergreen, Oleum Betulae, U.S.P. VIII, Oil of Sweet Birch, Oil of Teaberry).--Produced synthetically or obtained from wintergreen (oil of wintergreen) or from birch (oil of sweet birch).
Colorless, yellowish or reddish liquid, with a wintergreen odor and taste. Sparingly soluble in water and miscible with alcohol and glacial acetic acid.
## ACTION AND USES: Chiefly used as flavor. In sufficient
amounts, antirheumatic and antipyretic.
DOSAGE: 0.75 Cc. or 12 minims (U.S.P.). May be applied externally either pure or diluted (10%) in ointment. For absorption through the skin is best diluted with a fatty oil.
_Petroxolinum Methylis Salicylatis (Petrox. Methyl. Salicyl.), Methyl Salicylate Petroxolin, N.F._ (Methyl Salicylate Petrox).--Methyl salicylate (20%), in liquid petroxolin.
=Methylthioninae Chloridum (Methylthionin. Chlor.), Methylthionine Chloride, U.S.P.= (Methylthioninae Hydrochloridum, U.S.P. VIII, Methylene Blue).
Dark green powder or crystals with a bronze-like luster. Freely soluble in water and alcohol, forming a deep blue solution.
## ACTION AND USES: Sometimes used as urinary antiseptic;
also in the treatment of malaria and some neuralgic conditions. In the latter use, is of doubtful value.
DOSAGE: 0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains (U.S.P.).
=Mezereum (Mezereum), Mezereum, U.S.P.= (Mezereon).--A bark.
## ACTION AND USES: Antiquated antisyphilitic and vesicant.
_Fluidextractum Mezerei (Fldext. Mezer.), Fluidextract of Mezereum, N.F._--Mezereum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
=MISTURAE, MIXTURES.=--Liquid preparations containing insoluble or
## partly soluble medicinal substances suspended in them.
For the various official mixtures, see under the names of the respective principal ingredients. For Mistura Adstringens, see under =Cupri Sulphas=; for Mistura Camphorae Acida, Mistura Carminativa and Mistura Glycyrrhizae Composita, under =Opium=; for Mistura Ferri Composita, under =Ferri Carbonas=; for Mistura Camphorae Aromatica and Mistura Oleo-Balsamica, under =Oleum Lavandulae=; for Mistura Pectoralis Stokes, under =Ammonii Carbonas=.
=Morphina (Morphina), Morphine, U.S.P.=--An alkaloid obtained from opium.
Colorless or white, odorless crystals or powder. Very slightly soluble in water (1:3,340) and soluble in alcohol (1:210).
## ACTION AND USES: Central analgesic, hypnotic and
respiratory sedative and depressant; also constipative. Is only slightly depressant to the circulation. Eliminated mainly through the bowels. Should not be used to control cough if this is associated with marked expectoration. Its habit-forming power should be constantly remembered.
DOSAGE: 0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain (U.S.P.).
=*Morphinae Hydrochloridum (Morph. Hydrochl.), Morphine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Morphine Chloride).
White, odorless needles, masses or powder. Soluble in water (1:17.5) and in alcohol (1:52).
## ACTION AND USES: See =Morphina=.
DOSAGE: 0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain (U.S.P.).
_Syrupus Morphinae et Acaciae (Syr. Morph. et Acac.), Syrup of Morphine and Acacia, N.F._ (Syrupus Pectoralis, N.F. III, Jackson's Pectoral Syrup).--Morphine hydrochloride (0.055%) flavored with oil of sassafras in syrup of acacia.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=*Morphinae Sulphas (Morph. Sulph.), Morphine Sulphate, U.S.P.=--
White, odorless crystals or masses. Soluble in water (1:15.2) and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:565).
## ACTION AND USES: See =Morphina=.
DOSAGE: 0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain (U.S.P.).
_Syrupus Pini Strobi Compositus cum Morphina (Syr. Pin. Strob. c. Morph.), Compound Syrup of White Pine with Morphine, N.F._ (Syrupus Pini Strobi Compositus, N.F. III).--Morphine sulphate (0.04%) in compound syrup of white pine. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
USES: Objectionable expectorant mixture containing morphine.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
=Moschus (Mosch.), Musk, U.S.P.= (Tonquin Musk, Deer Musk).--A dried animal secretion.
## ACTION AND USES: Antiquated analeptic.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Moschi (Tr. Mosch.), Tincture of Musk, U.S.P._--Musk (5%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 48 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
=MUCILAGINES, MUCILAGES.=--Aqueous solutions of gums or the mucilaginous principles of vegetable substances. For the various mucilages, see under the names of the respective drugs.
=MULLAE, MULLS.=--Ointments of high fusing points spread on soft muslin or "mull." For the various mulls, see under the names of the respective
## active constituents.
=Myrica (Myrica), Bayberry Bark, N.F.=--Bark of the root.
## ACTION AND USES: Formerly recommended as digestive,
nutritive and nervous stimulant. No scientific indications for its use.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).
_Pulvis Myricae Compositus (Pulv. Myric. Co.), Compound Powder of Bayberry, N.F._ (Composition Powder).--Bayberry bark (60%), Jamaica ginger (30%), capsicum and clove.
USES: An obsolete carminative.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
=Myristica (Myrist.), Myristica, U.S.P.= (Nutmeg).
## ACTION AND USES: Aromatic and carminative.
=*Myrrha (Myrrh.), Myrrh, U.S.P.= (Gum Myrrh).--A gum resin.
## ACTION AND USES: Protective and local stimulant to the
mucous membranes. Internally, carminative.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
_*Tinctura Myrrhae (Tr. Myrrh.), Tincture of Myrrh, U.S.P._--Myrrh (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 87 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
=NEBULAE, SPRAYS.=--Spray solutions, intended for the application of medicaments in solution to the throat and nose by means of suitable atomizers. For Nebula Aromatica, see under =Petrolatum Liquidum=; for the various other sprays, see under =Eucalyptol=, =Menthol= and =Thymol=.
=Nitrogenii Monoxidum (Nitrogen. Monox.), Nitrogen Monoxide, U.S.P.= (Nitrous Oxide, "Laughing Gas").--N{2}O.
A colorless gas with a slight characteristic odor and a sweetish taste.
## ACTION AND USES: For inhalation anesthesia.
=*Nux Vomica (Nux Vom.), Nux Vomica, U.S.P.= (Strychni Semen, P.I.).--Seeds yielding not less than 2.5 per cent. of alkaloids, chiefly strychnine and brucine.
## ACTION AND USES: Used as bitter stomachic and tonic,
depending on its strychnine.
DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).
_*Extractum Nucis Vomicae (Ext. Nuc. Vom.), Extract of Nux Vomica, U.S.P._ (Powdered Extract of Nux Vomica, Nucis Vomicae Extractum P.I.).--Yields about 16 per cent. of alkaloids.
DOSAGE: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Nucis Vomicae (Fldext. Nuc. Vom.), Fluidextract of Nux Vomica, U.S.P._--Nux vomica (100%) yielding about 2.5 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).
_*Tinctura Nucis Vomicae (Tr. Nuc. Vom.), Tincture of Nux Vomica, U.S.P._ (Strychni Tinctura, P.I.).--Nux vomica (10%) yielding about 0.25 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 71 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).
=OLEA INFUSA (OL. INF.), INFUSED OILS, N.F.=--Liquid preparation made by extracting drugs by fixed oils.
=OLEATA, OLEATES.=--Oleates are combinations of alkaloids or metallic oxids with oleic acid or with mixtures of oleic acid with a fixed oil. They have no real advantage over simpler ointments. For the official oleates see under the names of the respective drugs.
=OLEORESINAE, OLEORESINS.=--Oleoresins are thick liquid preparations made by extracting the drug with ether, alcohol or acetone. For the official oleoresins see under the names of the respective drugs.
=OLEOSACCHARA (OLEOSACCHARA), OIL-SUGARS, N.F.= (Elaeosacchara).--Mixtures of volatile oil (2%) with sugar in fine powder.
=Oleum Aethereum (Ol. Aether.), Ethereal Oil, N.F.=--A volatile liquid consisting of equal volumes of heavy oil of wine (chiefly ethyl esters of sulphuric acid) and ether. An indefinite and obsolete ingredient of the medieval "Hoffmann's anodyne."
=Oleum Amygdalae Amarae (Ol. Amygd. Amar.), Oil of Bitter Almond, U.S.P.= (Bitter Almond Oil).--A volatile oil yielding benzaldehyde (not less than 85%) and hydrocyanic acid (about 3%).
Slightly soluble in water; miscible with alcohol or ether.
## ACTION AND USES: Flavoring agent, especially for
emulsions. Also used as a "sedative," but probably without value.
DOSAGE: 0.03 Cc. or 1/2 minim (U.S.P.).
_Aqua Amygdalae Amarae (Aq. Amygd. Amar.), Bitter Almond Water, U.S.P._--A solution of oil of bitter almond in water.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
_Elixir Amygdalae Compositum (Elix. Amygd. Co.), Compound Elixir of Almond, N.F._--Oil of bitter almond, vanillin, orange flower water, syrup, water and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 5 per cent.
_Spiritus Amygdalae Amarae (Sp. Amygd. Amar.), Spirit of Bitter Almond, U.S.P._--Oil of bitter almond, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 76 per cent.
=Oleum Amygdalae Expressum (Ol. Amygd. Exp.), Expressed Oil of Almond, U.S.P.= (Oil of Sweet Almond).--A fixed oil; similar to olive oil.
## ACTION AND USES: Emollient, nutritive and laxative.
=Oleum Anisi (Ol. Anisi), Oil of Anise, Oil of Star Anise, U.S.P.= (Anise Oil).--A volatile oil from anise and from star anise.
Very slightly soluble in water; very soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Aromatic carminative and flavor.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.), on sugar.
_Aqua Anisi (Aq. Anisi), Anise Water, U.S.P._--A solution of oil of anise in water.
_Spiritus Anisi (Sp. Anisi), Spirit of Anise, U.S.P._--Oil of anise (10%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 85 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
=Oleum Aurantii (Ol. Aurant.), Oil of Orange, U.S.P.= (Oleum Aurantii Corticis, U.S.P. VIII, Orange Oil, Oil of Sweet Orange).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol and ether.
## ACTION AND USES: Aromatic flavor.
_Spiritus Aurantii Compositus (Sp. Aurant. Co.), Compound Spirit of Orange, U.S.P._--Oils of orange, lemon, coriander and anise, in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 69 per cent.
=Oleum Aurantii Amari (Ol. Aurant. Amar.), Oil of Bitter Orange, N.F.=--A volatile oil.
Practically insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol (1:4).
## ACTION AND USES: Flavoring agent.
_Elixir Aurantii Amari (Elix. Aurant. Amar.), Elixir of Bitter Orange, N.F._ (Replacing Elixir Curassao, N.F. III).--Oil of bitter orange, tincture of bitter orange peel, stronger orange flower water, in syrup, water and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 28 per cent.
=Oleum Aurantii Florum (Ol. Aurant. Flor.), Oil of Orange Flowers, N.F.= (Oil of Neroli).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Flavoring agent.
=Oleum Bergamottae (Ol. Bergam.), Oil of Bergamot, N.F.=--A volatile oil.
Practically insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Flavoring agent.
_Spiritus Odoratus (Sp. Odorat.), Perfumed Spirit, N.F._--Oils of bergamot, lemon, rosemary, lavender and orange flowers, acetic ether, water and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
=Oleum Betulae Empyreumaticum Rectificatum (Ol. Bet. Empyr. Rect.), Rectified Oil of Birch Tar, N.F.= (Rectified Empyroligneous Oil of Birch, Oleum Rusci Rectificatum).--An oil obtained by the dry distillation of the bark and wood of white birch.
Insoluble in water; soluble in dehydrated alcohol, ether and chloroform.
## ACTION AND USES: Similar to tar; employed locally as
a stimulant and antiseptic in the treatment of psoriasis and eczema.
DOSAGE: 2 to 10 per cent. ointment.
=Oleum Cadinum (Ol. Cadin.), Oil of Cade, U.S.P.= (Cade Oil, Oil of Juniper Tar, Oleum Juniperi Empyreumaticum).--An empyreumatic oil obtained by the dry distillation of juniper wood.
Nearly insoluble in water; only partially soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Epidermal stimulant in chronic
inflammatory skin diseases, acting similarly to tar.
DOSAGE: 1 to 10 per cent. ointment.
_Petroxolinum Cadini (Petrox. Cadin.), Cade Petroxolin, N.F._ (Cade Petrox).--Oil of cade (25%) in liquid petroxolin.
=Oleum Cajuputi (Ol. Cajup.), Oil of Cajuput, U.S.P.= (Cajuput Oil, Oil of Cajuput).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Counterirritant.
=Oleum Cardamomi (Ol. Cardam.), Oil of Cardamom, N.F.=--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; very soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Aromatic flavoring agent.
_Elixir Cardamomi Compositum (Elix. Card. Co.), Compound Elixir of Cardamom, N.F._--Compound spirit of cardamom, alcohol, syrup and water. Absolute alcohol content about 9 per cent.
_Spiritus Cardamomi Compositus (Sp. Card. Co.), Compound Spirit of Cardamom, N.F._--Oil of cardamom, anethol, oils of orange, cinnamon, caraway and clove, in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 72 per cent.
USES: Flavoring agent.
=Oleum Cari (Ol. Cari), Oil of Caraway, U.S.P.= (Caraway Oil).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Aromatic carminative.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
=*Oleum Caryophylli (Ol. Caryoph.), Oil of Clove, U.S.P.= (Clove Oil, Oil of Cloves).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Externally, rubefacient and counterirritant;
internally, carminative; to some extent a local anesthetic.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
=*Oleum Cassiae (Ol. Cass.), Oil of Cinnamon, U.S.P.= (Oleum Cinnamomi, U.S.P. VIII, Cassia Oil).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Aromatic flavor.
_*Aqua Cinnamomi (Aq. Cinnam.), Cinnamon Water, U.S.P._--A saturated solution of oil of cinnamon in water.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
_Spiritus Cinnamomi (Sp. Cinnam.), Spirit of Cinnamon, U.S.P._--Oil of cinnamon (10%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 85 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
=*Oleum Chenopodii (Ol. Chenopod.), Oil of Chenopodium, U.S.P.= (Oil of American Wormseed).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Anthelmintic, especially for roundworms
and hookworms.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.). Subminimal doses repeated at intervals of several days become toxic.
=Oleum Coriandri (Ol. Coriand.), Oil of Coriander, U.S.P.= (Coriander Oil).
Nearly insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Carminative aromatic.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
=Oleum Cubebae (Ol. Cubeb.), Oil of Cubeb, U.S.P.= (Cubeb Oil).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol (1:18).
## ACTION AND USES: Used internally as a stimulating antiseptic,
expectorant and against subacute gonorrhea. Of doubtful value.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).
=*Oleum Eucalypti (Ol. Eucalypt.), Oil of Eucalyptus, U.S.P.= (Eucalyptus Oil).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Largely used especially for inhalation
in the form of vapor or oily sprays (about 10%) as antiseptic and deodorant, for subacute and chronic inflammations of the respiratory mucosae.
=Oleum Foeniculi (Ol. Foenic.), Oil of Fennel, U.S.P.= (Fennel Oil).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Aromatic carminative frequently
employed with purgative medicines to prevent griping.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
_Aqua Foeniculi (Aq. Foenic.), Fennel Water, U.S.P._--A solution of oil of fennel in water.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
=Oleum Gossypii Seminis (Ol. Gossyp. Sem.), Cottonseed Oil, U.S.P.=--A fixed oil.
## ACTION AND USES: Frequently employed in place of olive
oil, in preparations for external use.
=Oleum Juniperi (Ol. Junip.), Oil of Juniper, U.S.P.= (Juniper Oil, Oil of Juniper Berries).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Irritant diuretic.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.); not given as such.
_Spiritus Juniperi (Sp. Junip.), Spirit of Juniper, U.S.P._--Oil of juniper (5%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Spiritus Juniperi Compositus (Sp. Junip. Co.), Compound Spirit of Juniper, U.S.P._--Oil of juniper (0.4%) and oils of caraway and fennel in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 66 per cent.
DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.)
=Oleum Lavandulae (Ol. Lavand.), Oil of Lavender, U.S.P.= (Oleum Lavandulae Florum U.S.P. VIII).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Aromatic and flavoring agent.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
_Acetum Aromaticum (Acet. Arom.), Aromatic Vinegar, N.F._--Acetic acid, alcohol and water, aromatized with oils of lavender, rosemary, juniper, peppermint, cinnamon, lemon and clove.
USES: Refreshing inhalant and counterirritant.
_Mistura Camphorae Aromatica (Mist. Camph. Arom.), Aromatic Camphor Mixture, N.F._ (Parrish's Camphor Mixture).--Camphor water (about 70%) in compound tincture of lavender and sugar. Absolute alcohol content about 17.5 per cent.
USES: Aromatic carminative.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Mistura Oleo-Balsamica (Mist. Ol.-Balsam.), Oleo-Balsamic Mixture, N.F._--Oil of lavender, eugenol, oils of thyme, cinnamon, lemon and nutmeg with balsam of Peru in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
## ACTION AND USES: Local stimulant.
_Spiritus Lavandulae (Sp. Lavand.), Spirit of Lavender, U.S.P._--Oil of lavender (5%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Lavandulae Composita (Tr. Lavand. Co.), Compound Tincture of Lavender, U.S.P._ (Compound Spirit of Lavender).--Oil of lavender, oil of rosemary, Saigon cinnamon, clove, nutmeg, and red saunders in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
USES: Aromatic flavor and rubefacient.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.)
=Oleum Limonis (Ol. Limon.), Oil of Lemon, U.S.P.= (Lemon Oil).--A volatile oil.
Nearly insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol.