Part 14
_Tinctura Rhei Dulcis (Tr. Rhei Dulc.), Sweet Tincture of Rhubarb, N.F._--Rhubarb (10%), glycyrrhiza, anise and cardamom seed in glycerin, diluted alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
_Tinctura Rhei et Gentianae (Tr. Rhei et Gent.), Tincture of Rhubarb and Gentian, N.F._--Rhubarb (7%) and gentian (1.75%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.
USES: Stomachic and laxative.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_Vinum Rhei Compositum (Vin. Rhei Co.), Compound Wine of Rhubarb, N.F._ (Tinctura Rhei Vinosa, N.F. III).--Fluidextract of rhubarb (8%), fluidextract of bitter orange peel, tincture of cardamom in sugar and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)
=Rhus Glabra (Rhus Glab.), Rhus Glabra, N.F.= (Sumac Berries).
## ACTION AND USES: Tannin-bearing astringent; without
advantage over krameria, etc.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Rhois Glabrae (Fldext. Rhois Glab.), Fluidextract of Rhus Glabra, N.F._--Rhus glabra (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.)
=*Rosa, Rose= (Cabbage Rose, _Rosa centifolia_).
## ACTION AND USES: The preparations are used for
flavoring.
_*Aqua Rosae (Aq. Ros.), Rose Water, U.S.P._--A mixture of stronger rose water with distilled water.
_Aqua Rosae Fortior (Aq. Ros. Fort.), Stronger Rose Water, U.S.P._--Prepared by distilling fresh cabbage roses with water.
_Confectio Rosae (Confect. Ros.), Confection of Rose, N.F._--Red rose, sugar, clarified honey and stronger rose water.
_Unguentum Aquae Rosae (Ung. Aq. Ros.), Ointment of Rose Water, U.S.P._ (Cold Cream).--Sodium borate (0.5%), spermaceti, white wax, expressed oil of almond, and stronger rose water.
USES: Emollient
=Rosa Gallica (Rosa Gall.), Red Rose, U.S.P.=--Petals.
## ACTION AND USES: Mildly astringent but used chiefly
as a flavoring agent in the confection of rose; antiquated.
_Fluidextractum Rosae (Fldext. Rosae), Fluidextract of Rose, U.S.P._--Red rose (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Infusum Rosae Compositum (Inf. Ros. Co.), Compound Infusion of Rose, N.F._--Red rose (1.3%) with diluted sulphuric acid and sugar in water.
DOSAGE: 100 Cc. or 3 fluidounces (N.F.).
_Syrupus Rosae (Syr. Ros.), Syrup of Rose, N.F._--Fluidextract of rose and diluted sulphuric acid in syrup.
=Rubi Fructus (Rubi Fructus), Blackberries, N.F.=
## ACTION AND USES: Flavor.
_Cordiale Rubi Fructus (Cord. Rubi Fruct.), Blackberry Cordial, N.F._--Blackberry syrup (about 75%) and diluted alcohol (about 25%), with cinnamon, cloves and nutmeg. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.
USES: Used as carminative in summer diarrhea. Not very efficient.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Syrupus Rubi Fructi (Syr. Rubi Fruct.), Syrup of Blackberry Fruit, N.F._--Juice of ripe blackberries in sugar.
USES: Flavoring vehicle
=Rubi Idaei Fructus (Rubi Idaei Fructus), Raspberries, N.F.=
## ACTION AND USES: Flavoring.
_Syrupus Rubi Idaei (Syr. Rubi Id.), Syrup of Raspberry, N.F._--Juice of ripe raspberries in sugar.
=Rubus (Rubus), Rubus, N.F.= (Blackberry Bark).--Bark of the rhizome.
## ACTION AND USES: Tannin-bearing astringent without
advantage over krameria, etc.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Elixir Rubi Compositum (Elix. Rubi Co.), Compound Elixir of Blackberry, N.F._--Rubus (1.6%), nutgall (1.6%), Saigon cinnamon, clove, mace, ginger, syrup of blackberry and diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.
USES: Used in "summer complaint."
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Rubi (Fldext. Rubi), Fluidextract of Rubus, N.F._--Rubus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
_Syrupus Rubi (Syr. Rubi), Syrup of Rubus, N.F._--Fluidextract of rubus (25%) in syrup.
USES: Intestinal astringent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)
=Rumex (Rumex), Rumex, N.F.= (Yellow Dock, Curled Dock).--Roots.
## ACTION AND USES: Obsolete, unreliable and generally
worthless "alterative and tonic"; mildly laxative.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Rumicis (Fldext. Rumic.), Fluidextract of Rumex, N.F._--Rumex (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)
=Sabal (Sabal), Sabal, U.S.P.= (Saw Palmetto Berries).--The partially dried ripe fruit.
## ACTION AND USES: Widely exploited as a stimulant of
the mucous membrane of the genito-urinary tract. Probably inferior to santal oil.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Sabal (Fldext. Sabal), Fluidextract of Sabal, U.S.P._ (Fluidextract of Saw Palmetto).--Sabal (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Sabal et Santali (Tr. Sabal et Santal.), Tincture of Saw Palmetto and Santal, N.F._--Sabal (20%) and sandalwood (6.5%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)
=*Saccharum (Sacch.), Sugar, U.S.P.= (Sucrose).--Obtained from the sugar-cane, the sugar-beet, etc.
White, odorless crystals or powder with a sweet taste.
## ACTION AND USES: Sweetening agent in official syrups
and other preparations.
_*Syrupus (Syrupus), Syrup, U.S.P._ (Sirup, Simple Syrup).--Sugar (85%) in water.
=*Saccharum Lactis (Sacch. Lact.), Sugar of Milk, U.S.P.= (Milk Sugar, Lactose).--Obtained from the whey of cow's milk.
White, hard, odorless crystalline masses or powder, with a faintly sweet taste.
## ACTION AND USES: Less sweet than cane sugar and less
liable to ferment; slightly laxative and diuretic; frequently used to modify cow's milk in the feeding of infants
=SALES EFFERVESCENTES, GRANULAR EFFERVESCENT SALTS.=--Effervescent salts are mixtures of active constituents with sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and tartaric acid. They are usually directed to be produced and dispensed in coarse granules. Their advantage over other methods of administering active ingredients is rather doubtful. For effervescent salts included in the Pharmacopeia and in the National Formulary, see under the names of the active ingredients. For Sal Carolinum Factitium and Sal Carolinum Factitium Effervescens, see under =Sodii Sulphas=; for Sal Kissingense Factitium and Sal Kissingense Factitium Effervescens, see under =Sodii Chloridum=; for Sal Vichyanum Factitium, Sal Vichyanum Factitium Effervescens and Sal Vichyanum Factitium Effervescens cum Lithio, see under =Sodii Bicarbonas=.
=Salicinum (Salicin.), Salicin, U.S.P.=--A glucoside obtained from certain species of willows and poplars.
White powder, odorless and having a very bitter taste.
## ACTION AND USES: Partially decomposed in the stomach
and intestines and finally oxidized in the body into salicylic acid. Less irritant to the mucous membranes than the salicylates but also less certain in its action, and has been practically superseded by the latter.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)
=Sambucus (Sambuc.), Sambucus, N.F.= (Elder Flowers).
## ACTION AND USES: Obsolete and worthless remedy in
dropsy. Large doses are said to act like a hydragogue cathartic.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
=Sanguinaria (Sanguin.), Sanguinaria, U.S.P.= (Blood Root).--Rhizome and roots.
## ACTION AND USES: Irritant and narcotic; unreliable;
expectorant in small doses and nauseant in large doses, which may produce serious secondary symptoms.
DOSAGE: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Sanguinariae (Fldext. Sanguin.), Fluidextract of Sanguinaria, N.F._--Sanguinaria (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.1 Cc. or 1-1/2 minims (N.F.).
_Syrupus Sanguinariae (Syr. Sanguinar.), Syrup of Sanguinaria, N.F._ (Syrup of Bloodroot).--Sanguinaria (22.5%) and acetic acid in syrup.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
_Tinctura Sanguinariae (Tr. Sanguin.), Tincture of Sanguinaria, U.S.P._ (Tincture of Bloodroot).--Sanguinaria (10%) and hydrochloric acid (1%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 56 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.)
=Santalum Album (Santal. Alb.), Sandal Wood, N.F.= (White Sandal Wood).--Heartwood.
## ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of =Oleum Santali=,
which see
=Santalum Rubrum (Santal. Rub.), Red Saunders, U.S.P.=--Heartwood.
## ACTION AND USES: Used as a coloring agent
=*Santoninum (Santonin.), Santonin, U.S.P.=--Anhydride or lactone of santonic acid, obtained from Levant wormseed.
Colorless crystals or powder, becoming yellow on exposure to light, odorless and at first nearly tasteless, afterward becoming bitter.
## ACTION AND USES: Used for its poisonous action on
intestinal parasites, especially ascaris. When absorbed in sufficient amounts it produces yellow vision and epileptiform convulsions.
DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.) in powder or capsules.
_Trochisci Santonini (Troch. Santonin.), Troches of Santonin, N.F._--Each troche contains santonin (0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain), with tragacanth, sugar, cocoa and vanillin.
USES: Anthelmintic. Objectionable since their resemblance to candy may lead to serious poisoning.
DOSAGE: 1 troche (N.F.).
_Trochisci Santonini Compositi (Troch. Santonin. Co.), Compound Troches of Santonin, N.F._ (Troches of Santonin and Calomel).--Each troche contains santonin and mild mercurous chloride (each 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain) with tragacanth, sugar, cocoa and vanillin.
USES: Anthelmintic; objectionable like Trochisci Santonini, which see above.
DOSAGE: 1 troche (N.F.)
=*Sapo (Sapo), Soap, U.S.P.= (White Castile Soap).--Soap prepared from olive oil and sodium hydroxide.
A white or whitish solid or powder, having a faint, peculiar odor and an alkaline taste.
## ACTION AND USES: Used chiefly as a detergent and in
solution as a vehicle for liniments. Also an ingredient of pills containing resinous drugs like aloes and scammony.
_Emplastrum Saponis (Emp. Sapon.), Soap Plaster, N.F._--Made from soap (10%) and lead plaster (90%).
_Linimentum Saponato-Camphoratum (Lin. Sapon.-Camph.), Camphorated Soap Liniment, N.F._ (Opodeldoc, Solid Opodeldoc).--Camphor (2.5%), ammonia water, sodium stearate, oil of thyme, oil of rosemary, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent.
_*Linimentum Saponis (Lin. Sapon.), Soap Liniment, U.S.P._ (Liquid Opodeldoc).--Soap (6%), camphor (4.5%) in oil of rosemary, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.
USES: Mild rubefacient and vehicle for more active liniments
=*Sapo Mollis (Sapo Moll.), Soft Soap, U.S.P.=--Prepared from cottonseed oil and potassium hydroxide.
A soft, unctuous, yellowish-white to brownish-yellow mass, having a slight, characteristic odor and an alkaline taste.
## ACTION AND USES: Dissolved in diluted alcohol, is
employed in the preparation of various liniments, and as a detergent.
_Linimentum Saponis Mollis (Lin. Sapon. Moll.), Liniment of Soft Soap, U.S.P._ (Tincture of Green Soap).--Soft soap (65%) and oil of lavender in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.
_Linimentum Saponis Mollis Compositum (Lin. Sapon. Mol. Co.), Compound Liniment of Soft Soap, N.F._ (Tinctura Saponis Viridis Composita, N.F. III).--Soft soap (15%), oil of cade (2%) and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent.
=Sarsaparilla (Sarsap.), Sarsaparilla, U.S.P.= (Sarsaparilla Root).
## ACTION AND USES: Formerly used in chronic rheumatism,
skin diseases and syphilis; inefficient and therefore harmful; fortunately passing out of use.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
_Decoctum Sarsaparillae Compositum (Decoc. Sarsap. Co.), Compound Decoction of Sarsaparilla, N.F._--Sarsaparilla (10%), guaiac wood (2%), mezereum (1%), sassafras, glycyrrhiza and water.
USES: Antiquated and useless "alterative."
DOSAGE: 120 Cc. or 4 fluidounces (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Sarsaparillae (Fldext. Sarsap.), Fluidextract of Sarsaparilla, U.S.P._--Sarsaparilla (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Sarsaparillae Compositum (Fldext. Sarsap. Co.), Compound Fluidextract of Sarsaparilla, U.S.P._--Sarsaparilla (75%), mezereum (3%), glycyrrhiza and sassafras. Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Syrupus Sarsaparillae Compositus (Syr. Sarsap. Co.), Compound Syrup of Sarsaparilla, U.S.P._--Fluidextract of sarsaparilla (20%), fluidextract of senna (1.5%), fluidextract of glycyrrhiza, oil of sassafras, oil of anise, methyl salicylate and alcohol in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.
USES: Irrational mixture; no indications for its use.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.)
=Sassafras (Sassaf.), Sassafras, U.S.P.=--Bark of the root.
## ACTION AND USES: Mild aromatic and carminative containing
a volatile oil. No advantage over other aromatics, such as peppermint, ginger, etc.
DOSAGE: 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.)
=Sassafras Medulla (Sassaf. Med.), Sassafras Pith, N.F.=
## ACTION AND USES: Demulcent.
_Mucilago Sassafras Medullae (Mucil. Sassaf. Medul.), Mucilage of Sassafras Pith, N.F._--Sassafras pith (0.2%) in water.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
=Scammoniae Radix (Scam. Rad.), Scammony Root, U.S.P.=
## ACTION AND USES: Used principally for preparing resin,
in which its activity as a cathartic resides.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
_Resina Scammoniae (Res. Scamm.), Resin of Scammony, U.S.P._--The resin from scammony root.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.).
=*Scilla (Scill.), Squill, U.S.P.=--Fleshy inner scales of a bulb. The official drug is to be assayed biologically.
## ACTION AND USES: Qualitatively like those of digitalis.
Has been largely used as a nauseant and expectorant. Has no advantage over digitalis, and should pass out of use. If used, it should be standardized.
DOSAGE: 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.) of a standardized preparation.
_Acetum Scillae (Acet. Scill.), Vinegar of Squill, U.S.P._--Squill (10%) in diluted acetic acid.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Scillae (Fldext. Scill.), Fluidextract of Squill, U.S.P._--Squill (100%). Assayed biologically by producing death in the frog.
DOSAGE: 0.1 Cc. or 1-1/2 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe it should specify the biologically assayed preparation.
_Oxymel Scillae (Oxymel Scill.), Oxymel of Squill, N.F._--Vinegar of squill (50%) and clarified honey.
USES: Antiquated and irrational preparation of squill.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
_*Syrupus Scillae (Syr. Scill.), Syrup of Squill, U.S.P._--Vinegar of squill (45%), in sugar and water.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Syrupus Scillae Compositus (Syr. Scill. Co.), Compound Syrup of Squill, U.S.P._ (Hive Syrup).--Fluidextract of squill (8%), fluidextract of senega (8%) and antimony and potassium tartrate (0.2%), in water and syrup.
USES: Complex and irrational expectorant.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_*Tinctura Scillae (Tr. Scill.), Tincture of Squill, U.S.P._--Squill (10%) in alcohol and water. Biologically assayed by producing death in frogs. Absolute alcohol content about 69 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe it should specify the biologically assayed preparation.
=Scoparius (Scopar.), Scoparius, N.F.= (Broom Tops).
## ACTION AND USES: Formerly used as diuretic, laxative
and cathartic. See Sparteinae Sulphas.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Scoparii (Fldext. Scopar.), Fluidextract of Scoparius, N.F._--Scoparius (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
=*Scopolaminae Hydrobromidum (Scopolamin. Hydrobrom.), Scopolamine Hydrobromide, U.S.P.= (Hyoscine Hydrobromide, Scopolamine Bromide).--The hydrobromide of levorotatory scopolamine, also known as hyoscine.
Colorless, odorless, transparent crystals.
## ACTION AND USES: Closely resembling those of atropine
in its influence on the nerve endings but differing from the latter in having a sedative instead of a stimulating effect on the brain. Used as a somnifacient in motor excitement and mania; as a preliminary to anesthesia and in "twilight sleep," and locally as a mydriatic. Uncertain in its action, at times producing acute delirium. The tendency to depress the respiratory center must be remembered.
DOSAGE: 0.3 Mg. or 1/200 grain (U.S.P.).
=Scutellaria (Scutell.), Scutellaria, N.F.= (Skullcap).--Plant.
## ACTION AND USES: Claimed, though without reliable
evidence, to be a tonic, nervine and antispasmodic, particularly useful in chorea and convulsions.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Scutellariae (Fldext. Scutellar.), Fluidextract of Scutellaria, N.F._--Scutellaria (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
=Senecio (Senecio), Senecio, N.F.= (Life Root).--Plant deprived of its root.
## ACTION AND USES: Has been recommended, probably
without warrant, as a tonic, diuretic, expectorant and diaphoretic.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Senecionis (Fldext. Senecion.), Fluidextract of Senecio, N.F._--Senecio (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)
=Senega (Seneg.), Senega, U.S.P.= (Seneca Snakeroot, Senega Snakeroot).
## ACTION AND USES: Employed as nauseant expectorant
(by virtue of the irritant saponin).
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Senegae (Fldext. Seneg.), Fluidextract of Senega, U.S.P._--Senega (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
_Syrupus Senegae (Syr. Seneg.), Syrup of Senega, U.S.P._--Fluidextract of senega (20%) in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.)
=*Senna (Senn.), Senna, U.S.P.= (Alexandria Senna or India Senna).
## ACTION AND USES: Efficient cathartic of anthraquinone
series.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).
_Confectio Sennae (Confect. Senn.), Confection of Senna, N.F._--Senna (10%), cassia fistula (16%), tamarind (10%), prune, fig, sugar, oil of coriander and water.
USES: A pleasant but needlessly complex laxative.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_*Fluidextractum Sennae (Fldext. Senn.), Fluidextract of Senna, U.S.P._--Senna (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Infusum Sennae Compositum (Inf. Senn. Co.), Compound Infusion of Senna, U.S.P._--Senna (6%), magnesium sulphate (12%), manna (12%) and fennel in water.
DOSAGE: 120 Cc. or 4 fluidounces (U.S.P.).
_*Pulvis Glycyrrhizae Compositus (Pulv. Glycyrrh. Co.), Compound Powder of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P._ (Compound Licorice Powder).--Senna (18%), washed sulphur (8%) with glycyrrhiza, oil of fennel and sugar.
USES: A misnamed senna preparation.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).
_Species Laxativae (Spec. Lax.), Laxative Species, N.F._ (Species Laxantes, N.F. III, St. Germain Tea).--Senna (40%), potassium bitartrate (10%), elder flowers, fennel and anise.
DOSAGE: 1.3 Gm. or 20 grains (N.F.).
_Syrupus Ficorum Compositus (Syr. Ficor. Co.), Compound Syrup of Figs, N.F._--Fluidextract of senna (20%), aromatic fluidglycerate of cascara sagrada (10%), with figs, oil of fennel and spirit of peppermint in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 5 per cent.
USES: Complex and misnamed cathartic, imitating a widely advertised "patent medicine."
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_*Syrupus Sennae (Syr. Senn.), Syrup of Senna, U.S.P._--Fluidextract of senna (25%) and oil of coriander in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 5 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
_Syrupus Sennae Aromaticus (Syr. Senn. Arom.), Aromatic Syrup of Senna, N.F._--Fluidextract of senna (12.5%), jalap (5%), rhubarb (1.75%), Saigon cinnamon, clove, nutmeg, oil of lemon and sugar in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Syrupus Sennae Compositus (Syr. Senn. Co.), Compound Syrup of Senna, N.F._--Fluidextract of senna (13.5%), fluidextract of rhubarb (3.5%), fluidextract of frangula (3.5%), methyl salicylate (0.4%) and alcohol in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 13 per cent.
USES: Complex and irrational cathartic.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.)
=Serpentaria (Serpent.), Serpentaria, U.S.P.= (Texas Snakeroot, Virginia Snakeroot).--Rhizome and root.
## ACTION AND USES: Bitter with no advantage over gentian;
now less frequently used than formerly.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Serpentariae (Fldext. Serpentar.), Fluidextract of Serpentaria, N.F._--Serpentaria (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims.
_Tinctura Serpentariae (Tr. Serpent.), Tincture of Serpentaria, N.F._--Serpentaria (20%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)
=*Serum Antidiphthericum (Ser. Antidiph.), Antidiphtheric Serum, U.S.P.= (Diphtheria Antitoxin).--Serum from a horse properly immunized against diphtheria toxin; has a potency of not less than 250 antitoxic units per Cc.
## ACTION AND USES: Curative and prophylactic agent in
diphtheria. The possibility of serum disease must be remembered. Caution should be exercised when antidiphtheric serum is administered to persons who have had asthma, and, above all, "horse asthma." In such cases a few drops only of the serum may be injected, followed in fifteen or thirty minutes by the full dose.
DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,000 units (U.S.P.); both hypodermic.
_*Serum Antidiphthericum Purificatum (Ser. Antidiph. Purif.), Purified Antidiphtheric Serum, U.S.P._ (Antidiphtheric Globulins, Concentrated Diphtheria Antitoxin, Diphtheric Antitoxin Globulins, Refined and Concentrated Diphtheria Antitoxin).--Certain antitoxic proteins from the blood serum of a horse properly immunized against diphtheria toxin, dissolved in physiologic solution of sodium chloride.
USES: Less apt to produce serum disease.
DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,000 units (U. S, P.); both hypodermic.
_*Serum Antidiphthericum Siccum (Ser. Antidiph. Sicc.), Dried Antidiphtheric Serum, U.S.P._ (Dried Diphtheria Antitoxin).
DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,000 units (U.S.P.); both hypodermic
=*Serum Antitetanicum (Ser. Antitetan.), Antitetanic Serum, U.S.P.= (Tetanus Antitoxin).--Serum from a horse properly immunized against tetanus toxin, dissolved in physiologic solution of sodium chloride.
## ACTION AND USES: Prophylactic agent in tetanus; also
used for curative purposes.
DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,500 units (U.S.P.); both hypodermic.
_*Serum Antitetanicum Purificatum (Ser. Antitetan. Purif.), Purified Antitetanic Serum, U.S.P._ (Antitetanic Globulins, Concentrated Tetanus Antitoxin, Refined and Concentrated Tetanus Antitoxin, Tetanus Antitoxic Globulins).--Certain antitoxic proteins from the serum of a horse properly immunized against tetanus toxin.
DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,500 units (U.S.P.); both hypodermic.
_*Serum Antitetanicum Siccum (Ser. Antitetan. Sicc.), Dried Antitetanic Serum, U.S.P._ (Dried Tetanus Antitoxin).
USES: May be used as a dusting powder in suspicious wounds.
DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,500 units (U.S.P.); both hypodermic.
=Sevum Praeparatum (Sev. Praep.), Prepared Suet, U.S.P.= (Mutton Suet).
A white, solid, almost odorless fat, having a bland taste when fresh, but becoming rancid on prolonged exposure to air.
## ACTION AND USES: Used in the preparation of ointments
and cerates.
_Sevum Benzoinatum (Sev. Benz.), Benzoinated Suet, N.F._--Benzoin (3%) in prepared suet.
USES: Ointment base; superfluous.
=Sinapis Alba (Sinap. Alb.), White Mustard, U.S.P.= (Yellow Mustard).--Ripe seeds.
## ACTION AND USES: Develops irritant volatile oil on
contact with water; frequently mixed with black mustard in powder for use as ground mustard.
DOSAGE: Emetic, 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.).
=*Sinapis Nigra (Sinap. Nig.), Black Mustard, U.S.P.= (Brown Mustard).--Ripe seeds.
## ACTION AND USES: See =Oleum Sinapis Volatile=.
DOSAGE: Emetic, 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.).
_*Emplastrum Sinapis (Emp. Sinap.), Mustard Plaster, U.S.P._ (Charta Sinapis, U.S.P. VIII, Mustard Paper).--A mixture of black mustard, deprived of its fixed oil, and a solution of rubber, spread on paper, cotton cloth or other fabric.
USES: Counterirritant.
=Soda Chlorinata, Chlorinated Soda.=
## ACTION AND USES: Hypochlorites in acid, alkaline and
neutral solutions have been found useful in the treatment of infected wounds. The alkaline solution is represented by the Liquor Sodae Chlorinatae below, and by the Liquor Potassae Chlorinatae, which see under Potassa Chlorinata.
_*Liquor Sodae Chlorinatae (Liq. Sod. Chlorinat.), Solution of Chlorinated Soda, U.S.P._ (Labarraque's Solution).--Chlorine compounds of sodium containing not less than 2.5 per cent. available Cl.
=Soda cum Calce (Sod. c. Calc.), Soda with Lime, N.F.= (London Paste).--Sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide (each 50%).
## ACTION AND USES: Caustic.
=Sodii Acetas (Sod. Acet.), Sodium Acetate, U.S.P.=--NaC{2}H{3}O{2} + 3H{2}O.
Colorless crystals or granular powder, odorless or nearly odorless, and having a cooling, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.8) and soluble in alcohol (1:19).
## ACTION AND USES: Practically identical with those of
Potassii Acetas, which see.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
=Sodii Arsenas (Sod. Arsen.), Sodium Arsenate, U.S.P.= (Arsenas Sodii, P.I.).--Na{2}HAsO{4} + 7H{2}O.
Colorless, odorless crystals, efflorescent in dry air, and somewhat deliquescent in moist air. Freely soluble in water (1:1.5) and slightly soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Has the same general action and uses
as arsenic trioxide, but is less active.
DOSAGE: 0.005 Gm. or 1/12 grain (U.S.P.). Usually given in the form of solution or pill.
_Sodii Arsenas Exsiccatus (Sod. Arsen. Exsic.), Exsiccated Sodium Arsenate, U.S.P._--Na{2}HAsO{4}.
White, odorless, amorphous powder. Freely soluble in water (1:3.1), but only slightly soluble in alcohol.
DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain (U.S.P.).
_Liquor Sodii Arsenatis (Liq. Sod. Arsen.), Solution of Sodium Arsenate, U.S.P._--Exsiccated sodium arsenate (about 1%) in water.
USES: No advantage over other arsenicals.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
_Liquor Sodii Arsenatis, Pearson (Liq. Sod. Arsen. Pearson), Pearson's Solution of Sodium Arsenate, N.F._ (Liquor Arsenicalis Pearsonii).--Exsiccated sodium arsenate (0.1%) in water. Should not be confounded with Liquor Sodii Arsenatis, U.S.P., which is ten times stronger.
USES: Superfluous arsenic preparation.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
=*Sodii Benzoas (Sod. Benz.), Sodium Benzoate, U.S.P.=--Na(C{6}H{5}.COO).
White, odorless, sweetish powder. Freely soluble in water (1:1.8), and soluble in alcohol (1:61). Incompatible with mineral acids and ferric salts.
## ACTION AND USES: Has the action of benzoic acid, but is
less irritating. Mild antiseptic, practically non-toxic.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
=Sodii Benzosulphinidum (Sod. Benzosulphin.), Sodium Benzosulphinide, U.S.P.= (Sodium-Saccharin, Soluble Saccharin).
Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless or nearly odorless, and having an intensely sweet taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.2) and soluble in alcohol (1:50).
## ACTION AND USES: Those of benzosulphinide (saccharin),
but with the advantage of ready solubility.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.).
=*Sodii Bicarbonas (Sod. Bicarb.), Sodium Bicarbonate, U.S.P.= (Baking Soda).--NaHCO{3}.
A white, odorless powder, having a cooling, mildly alkaline taste. Decomposed by acids and converted by boiling into the normal carbonate. Soluble in water (1:10) and insoluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Used as a non-caustic alkali in conditions
of acidosis, and to neutralize the acid of the gastric juice in hyperacidity and gastric ulcer. May be used intravenously in cases of extreme acidosis. Externally, used as a mild alkaline wash.