Part 8
## ACTION AND USES: Used in migraine and neuralgia, and
in the treatment of ovarian, rheumatic and uterine pain. Efficiency uncertain. Untoward symptoms sometimes result from comparatively small doses.
DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.). (Not used as such).
_Extractum Gelsemii (Ext. Gelsem.), Extract of Gelsemium, U.S.P._ (Powdered Extract of Gelsemium).--One Gm. of extract represents 4 Gm. of gelsemium.
DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Gelsemii (Fldext. Gelsem.), Fluidextract of Gelsemium, U.S.P._--Gelsemium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.03 Cc. or 1/2 minim (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Gelsemii (Tr. Gelsem.), Tincture of Gelsemium, U.S.P._--Gelsemium (10%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 62 per cent.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Cc. or 4 minims (U.S.P.)
=*Gentiana (Gentian.), Gentian, U.S.P.= (Yellow Gentian Root).--Rhizome and roots.
## ACTION AND USES: Probably the most widely used of
the simple bitters.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
_Elixir Gentianae (Elix. Gent.), Elixir of Gentian, N.F._--Fluidextract of gentian (3.5%), compound spirit of cardamom, sodium citrate, glycerin, syrup, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 21 per cent.
USES: An agreeable aromatic bitter stomachic.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_Elixir Gentianae et Ferri, N.F._--See under =Ferri Citro-Chloridum=.
_Elixir Gentianae et Ferri Phosphatis, N.F._--See under =Ferri Phosphas=.
_Elixir Gentianae Glycerinatum (Elix. Gent. Glycerin.), Glycerinated Elixir of Gentian, N.F._--Fluidextract of gentian (1%), fluidextract of taraxacum (1.5%), acetic ether, phosphoric acid, tincture of sweet orange peel, compound tincture of cardamom, glycerin, sugar and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 11 per cent.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms.
_*Extractum Gentianae (Ext. Gentian.), Extract of Gentian, U.S.P._--A pilular extract.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Gentianae (Fldext. Gentian.), Fluidextract of Gentian, U.S.P._--Gentian (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
_Infusum Gentianae Compositum (Inf. Gent. Co.), Compound Infusion of Gentian, N.F._--Gentian (3%), coriander and bitter orange peel in diluted alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Tinctura Amara (Tr. Amar.), Bitter Tincture, N.F._ (Stomachic Tincture, Bitter Stomachic Drops, Stomach Drops).--Gentian (6%), centaury (6%), zedoary (2%) and bitter orange peel in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
USES: Bitter stomachic, complex and without special value.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
_*Tinctura Gentianae Composita (Tr. Gentian. Co.), Compound Tincture of Gentian, U.S.P._--Gentian (10%), bitter orange peel and cardamom seed in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 46 per cent.
USES: Aromatic Bitter.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.)
=Geranium (Geran.), Geranium, N.F.= (Cranesbill).--Rhizome.
## ACTION AND USES: Obsolete intestinal astringent, without
special advantage over krameria, etc.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Geranii (Fldext. Geran.), Fluidextract of Geranium, N.F._--Geranium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 50 per cent.
DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.)
=Glucosum (Glucos.), Glucose, U.S.P.= (Syrupy Glucose, Liquid Glucose).--Chiefly dextrose (d-glucose) and dextrins.
Colorless or nearly colorless, odorless or nearly odorless, thick, syrupy, sweet liquid. Soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Pill excipient. Pure dextrose is also
employed in saline injections
=*Glycerinum (Glycerin.), Glycerin, U.S.P.= (Glycerol).--C{3}H{5}(OH){3}.
A colorless, syrupy, practically odorless liquid, with a sweet taste, and producing a sensation of warmth in the mouth. Miscible with water and alcohol; insoluble in chloroform or ether.
## ACTION AND USES: Used as solvent, sweetening agent,
demulcent and emollient. The enema or suppositories are promptly evacuant.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
_*Suppositoria Glycerini (Supp. Glycerin.), Suppositories of Glycerin, U.S.P._--Glycerin with a stearic acid soap.
USES: Rectal evacuant.
_Suppositoria Boroglycerini (Suppos. Boroglycer.), Suppositories of Boroglycerin, N.F._--Glycerite of boroglycerin (7.5%) with glycerinated gelatin and glycerin.
USES: Antiseptic evacuant.
=GLYCERITA, GLYCERITES.=--Solutions of medicinal substances in glycerin. For the various glycerites, see under the names of the principal ingredients. For Glyceritum Boroglycerini, see under =Acidum Boricum=; for Glyceritum Vitelli, see under =Ovi Vitellum Recens=.
=*Glycerylis Nitras, Glyceryl Trinitrate= (Nitroglycerin, Trinitrin, Glonoin).--C{3}H{5}(NO{3}){3}.
## ACTION AND USES: Vasodilator, acting more slowly than
amyl nitrite.
_Pilulae Glycerylis Nitratis (Pil. Glycer. Nit.), Pills of Nitroglycerin, N.F._ (Pilulae Glonoini, N.F. III, Pills of Glonoin).--Each pill contains spirit of glyceryl trinitrate and althaea (each 0.065 Gm. or 1 grain) with confection of rose.
USES: Inferior to the tablets.
DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).
_*Spiritus Glycerylis Nitratis (Sp. Glyceryl. Nit.), Spirit of Glyceryl Trinitrate, U.S.P._ (Spirit of Glonoin, Spirit of Nitroglycerin).--Glyceryl trinitrate (about 1%) in alcohol.
DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.) dropped on the tongue
=*Glycyrrhiza (Glycyrrh.), Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P.= (Licorice, Liquorice Root).
## ACTION AND USES: Used to disguise the taste of drugs
and as demulcent expectorant. The preparations are incompatible with acids.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
_Elixir Glycyrrhizae and Elixir Glycyrrhizae Aromaticum._--See under =Alcohol=.
_Elixir Glycyrrhizae Aquosum (Elix. Glycyrrh. Aq.), Aqueous Elixir of Glycyrrhiza, N.F._ (Aqueous Elixir of Licorice).--Fluidextract of glycyrrhiza (15%), compound spirit of cardamom, stronger orange flower water, glycerin, syrup and distilled water. Absolute alcohol content about 3 per cent.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms.
_Extractum Glycyrrhizae (Ext. Glycyrrh.), Extract of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P._ (Extract of Licorice).--The commercial extract of glycyrrhiza. Incompletely soluble in water (60%).
_Extractum Glycyrrhizae Purum (Ext. Glycyrrh. Pur.), Pure Extract of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P._--A pilular extract.
_*Fluidextractum Glycyrrhizae (Fldext. Glycyrrh.), Fluidextract of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P._--Glycyrrhiza (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Fluidglyceratum Glycyrrhizae (Fldglycer. Glycyrrh.), Fluidglycerate of Glycyrrhiza, N.F._ (Fluidglycerate of Licorice).--Glycyrrhiza (100%) in glycerin and water, made alkaline with ammonia water.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims.
_Mistura Glycyrrhizae Composita, U.S.P._--See under =Opium=.
_Pulvis Glycyrrhizae Compositus, U.S.P._--See under =Senna=.
_Syrupus Glycyrrhizae (Syr. Glycyrrhiz.), Syrup of Glycyrrhiza, N.F._ (Syrup of Licorice).--Fluidglycerate of glycyrrhiza (25%) in syrup.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.)
=Glycyrrhizinum Ammoniatum (Glycyrrh. Ammon.), Ammoniated Glycyrrhizin, U.S.P.=--The sweet principle of glycyrrhiza, combined with ammonia.
Dark brown or brownish-red, odorless scales, with a very sweet taste. Freely soluble in water and soluble in alcohol. Incompatible with acids.
## ACTION AND USES: Intended as substitute for extract of
glycyrrhiza, over which it presents no advantage.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.)
=Gossypii Cortex (Gossyp. Cort.), Cotton Root Bark, N.F.=--Recently gathered or dried bark of the root.
## ACTION AND USES: Exploited as emmenagogue, but
without established value.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Gossypii Corticis (Fldext. Gossyp. Cort.), Fluidextract of Cotton Root Bark, N.F._--Cotton root bark (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.)
=Gossypium Purificatum (Gossyp. Purif.), Purified Cotton, U.S.P.= (Absorbent Cotton).
## ACTION AND USES: Used as an absorbent surgical dressing
and as a filtering agent
=Gossypium Stypticum.=--See under =Ferri Chloridum=
=Granatum (Granat.), Pomegranate, U.S.P.= (Pomegranate Bark).
## ACTION AND USES: the decoction or fluidextract expels
tapeworm. Both are strongly astringent and often produce vomiting.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Granati (Fldext. Granat.), Fluidextract of Pomegranate, U.S.P._--Pomegranate (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.)
=Grindelia (Grindel.), Grindelia, U.S.P.=--Leaves and flowering tops.
## ACTION AND USES: Used with doubtful results in spasmodic
asthma, whooping cough, bronchitis, and hay fever, and locally against ivy poisoning. It is a feeble drug and its action has not been clearly defined.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
_Fluidextractum Grindeliae (Fldext. Grindel.), Fluidextract of Grindelia, U.S.P._--Grindelia (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.)
=Guaiaci Lignum (Guaiac. Lig.), Guaiac Wood, N.F.= (Lignum Vitae).
## ACTION AND USES: Reputed "alterative," but without
established value. No advantage over guaiac resin.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.)
=*Guaiacol (Guaiacol), Guaiacol, U.S.P.=--Obtained from wood-tar creosote or prepared synthetically.
Colorless or yellowish solid or liquid, with an aromatic odor and a strong phenolic taste. Soluble in water (1:53), freely soluble in glycerin (1:0.8) and miscible with alcohol, chloroform or ether.
## ACTION AND USES: Used as intestinal antiseptic and
bronchial stimulant, similar to creosote; less irritant but also less active. Inunction with 50 per cent. solution in oil is antipyretic but it is less powerful and more uncertain than acetphenetidin, etc. Action is difficult to control and collapse may occur.
DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.)
=*Guaiacolis Carbonas (Guaiacol. Carb.), Guaiacol Carbonate, U.S.P.=
White, nearly odorless and nearly tasteless powder. Soluble in alcohol (1:60) and in ether (1:18); insoluble in water.
## ACTION AND USES: Being insoluble in water, it is less
disagreeable and less irritating than guaiacol, but liberates this substance in the intestines. Used as intestinal antiseptic and against bronchitis.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). in powders or cachets
=Guaiacum (Guaiac.), Guaiac, U.S.P.= (Guaiac Resin).
## ACTION AND USES: Formerly used as an "alterative,"
against syphilis, chronic rheumatism and gout; and as throat lozenges for its mildly irritant action. It produces no definite systemic effects, except as a mild laxative and possibly diuretic. Its value is very doubtful. The ammoniated tincture is the most active preparation.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
_Gargarisma Guaiaci Compositum (Garg. Guaiac. Co.), Compound Gargle of Guaiac, N.F._--Ammoniated tincture of guaiac (10%), compound tincture of cinchona (10%), potassium chlorate (4%), with clarified honey and oil of peppermint in water. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.
USES: Complex and irrational mixture.
_Glyceritum Guaiaci (Glycer. Guaiac.), Glycerite of Guaiac, N.F._--Guaiac (8.5%) and solution of potassium hydroxide in glycerin and water.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
_Mistura Guaiaci (Mist. Guaiac.), Mixture of Guaiac, N.F._--Tincture of guaiac (12.5%) in clarified honey and cinnamon water.
DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Petroxolinum Guaiacolis (Petrox. Guaiacol.), Guaiacol Petroxolin, N.F._ (Guaiacol Petrox).--Guaiacol (20%) in oleic acid and liquid petroxolin.
_Tinctura Guaiaci (Tr. Guaiac.), Tincture of Guaiac, U.S.P._--Guaiac (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Guaiaci Ammoniata (Tr. Guaiac. Ammon.), Ammoniated Tincture of Guaiac, U.S.P._--Guaiac (20%) in aromatic spirit of ammonia. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
_Tinctura Guaiaci Composita (Tr. Guaiac. Co.), Compound Tincture of Guaiac, N.F._ (Dewees' Tincture of Guaiac).--Guaiac (12.5%), potassium carbonate and pimenta in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)
=Guarana (Guarana), Guarana, U.S.P.=--Paste consisting chiefly of crushed seeds yielding not less than 4 per cent. of caffeine.
## ACTION AND USES: Used for its caffeine. There is no
reason for using it instead of caffeine.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
_Elixir Guaranae (Elix. Guar.), Elixir of Guarana, N.F._--Fluidextract of guarana (20%), compound elixir of taraxacum (60%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 34 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Guaranae (Fldext. Guaran.), Fluidextract of Guarana, U.S.P._--Guarana (100%) yielding about 4 per cent. of caffeine. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.)
=Gutta Percha (Gutta Percha), Gutta Percha, N.F.=--A purified, coagulated tree sap.
## ACTION AND USES: Used for technical purposes in
dentistry.
_Liquor Guttae Perchae (Liq. Gut. Perch.), Solution of Gutta Percha, N.F._--A clarified solution of gutta percha in chloroform.
=Haematoxylon (Haematox.), Hematoxylon, N.F.= (Logwood).
## ACTION AND USES: Intestinal astringent, without advantage
over krameria, etc.
_Extractum Haematoxyli (Ext. Haematox.), Extract of Hematoxylon, N.F._--An aqueous extract.
DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)
=Hamamelidis Folia (Hamamel. Fol.), Hamamelis Leaves, N.F.= (Witch Hazel Leaves).
## ACTION AND USES: Astringent, without advantage over
other tannin-bearing drugs (krameria, etc.).
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Hamamelidis Foliorum (Fldext. Hamamel. Fol.), Fluidextract of Hamamelis Leaves, N.F._--Hamamelis leaves (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.)
=Hamamelis= (Witch Hazel).
_Aqua Hamamelidis (Aq. Hamam.), Hamamelis Water, U.S.P._ (Witch Hazel Water, Distilled Extract of Witch Hazel).--Witch hazel bark, twigs, smaller stems or entire shrub, distilled with water and preserved with about 14 per cent. of alcohol.
USES: Employed externally, for contusions. It owes its feeble activity mainly to the alcohol
=Helianthemum (Helianth.), Helianthemum, N.F.= (Rock-Rose, Frost-Weed).--The dried herb.
## ACTION AND USES: Obsolete astringent, tonic, alterative
and emetic; unreliable and without established value.
DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Helianthemi (Fldext. Helianth.), Fluidextract of Helianthemum, N.F._--Helianthemum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)
=Helonias (Helon.), Helonias, N.F.= (False Unicorn).--Rhizome and roots.
## ACTION AND USES: Ingredient of "female remedies";
without established value.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Heloniatis (Fldext. Helon.), Fluidextract of Helonias, N.F._--Helonias (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.)
=*Hexamethylenamina (Hexam.), Hexamethylenamine, U.S.P.= (Hexamethylene-tetramine; also sold as urotropine, aminoform, formamin, formin, cystamin, cystogen, urisol and uritone).--(CH{2}){6}N{4}, a condensation product of ammonia and formaldehyde.
Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and with a sweetish taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.5) and in alcohol (1:12.5). Incompatible with acids, with ammonium salts, with tannin and with mercuric chloride.
## ACTION AND USES: Useful urinary antiseptic, liberating
formaldehyde in the presence of acids (not otherwise). Also used as prophylactic against infection in bile and in other body fluids, but inefficient since these fluids are not acid.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), in solution. When sodium acid phosphate is given to render the urine acid, hexamethylenamine should not be taken until the phosphate has left the stomach
=*Homatropinae Hydrobromidum (Homatrop. Hydrobr.), Homatropine Hydrobromide, U.S.P.= (Homatropine Bromide).
White, odorless powder. Freely soluble in water (1:6) and soluble in alcohol (1:40).
## ACTION AND USES: Used as mydriatic and cycloplegic.
Its effects resemble those of atropine but occur more promptly and disappear in shorter time.
DOSAGE: 0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain (U.S.P.). May be used in aqueous solution of 2 per cent. strength, or a drop of a 1:500 solution may be introduced into the conjunctival sac every five minutes for five times to produce a maximum dilatation in three quarters of an hour
=Humulus (Humul.), Hops, U.S.P.=
## ACTION AND USES: Formerly used as aromatic bitter
stomachic.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
_Elixir Humuli (Elix. Humul.), Elixir of Hops, N.F._--Fluidextract of hops (12.5%), compound elixir of taraxacum, tincture of vanilla and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.
DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Humuli (Fldext. Humul.), Fluidextract of Hops, N.F._--Hops (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 50 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
_Tinctura Humuli (Tr. Humul.), Tincture of Hops, N.F._--Hops (20%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.
USES: Bitter stomachic.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)
=Hydrangea (Hydrang.), Hydrangea, N.F.= (Seven-Barks).--Rhizome and roots.
## ACTION AND USES: Obsolete cathartic, diuretic and diaphoretic;
without established value.
DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
_Fluidextractum Hydrangeae (Fldext. Hydrang.), Fluidextract of Hydrangea, N.F._--Hydrangea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 50 per cent.
DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.)
=*Hydrargyri Chloridum Corrosivum (Hydrarg. Chlor. Corr.), Corrosive Mercuric Chloride, U.S.P.= (Bichloride of Mercury, Corrosive Sublimate, Mercuric Chloride, Perchloride of Mercury).--HgCl{2}.
Heavy, colorless crystals, crystalline masses or white powder, odorless and with a characteristic metallic taste. Slowly soluble in water (1:13.5) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:3.8). Its solubility in water is increased by the addition of sodium or ammonium chloride. Incompatible with soluble carbonates and hydroxides, with iodides and with alkaloids and other organic compounds. Reduced to calomel or metallic mercury by iron, zinc and other reducing agents.
## ACTION AND USES: Chiefly as a germicide and antiseptic;
also as a specific antisyphilitic agent. Acute mercuric chloride poisoning is treated by raw eggs and lavage.
DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain (U.S.P.) in solution or pills. For hypodermic use in syphilis 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain daily (produces marked pain and irritation). As antiseptic externally in solution from 1:20,000 to 1:2,000. As disinfectant of clothing, in 1:1,000 solution.
_Mulla Hydrargyri Chloridi Corrosivi (Mull. Hydrarg. Chlor. Corros.), Corrosive Mercuric Chloride Mull, N.F._ (Unguentum Hydrargyri Chloridi Corrosivi Extensum, N.F. III).--Corrosive mercuric chloride (0.2%), alcohol, benzoinated suet and benzoinated lard.
_Toxitabellae Hydrargyri Chloridi Corrosivi (Toxitabel. Hydrarg. Chlor. Corr.), Poison Tablets of Corrosive Mercuric Chloride, U.S.P._ (Corrosive Sublimate Tablets, Bichloride Tablets).--Tablets of an angular shape colored blue, each having the word "Poison" and the skull and cross bones design distinctly stamped on it. Each 1 Gm. tablet contains about 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains corrosive mercuric chloride and 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains sodium chloride.
=*Hydrargyri Chloridum Mite (Hydrarg. Chlor. Mit.), Mild Mercurous Chloride, U.S.P.= (Mercurous Chloride, Calomel, Protochloride of Mercury, Subchloride of Mercury).--HgCl.
White or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water, alcohol or ether. Incompatible with alkalies, with oxidizing acids like nitric acid, and with soluble bromides and iodides.
## ACTION AND USES: A slow cathartic, fairly powerful and
relatively non-irritant. Should usually be followed by a saline laxative. Should not be taken continuously as it may salivate. Also employed as a diuretic in cardiac dropsies. Intramuscular injections are very efficiently antisyphilitic, but painful.
DOSAGE: Laxative, 0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains (U.S.P.); alterative, 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.). From 0.005 to 0.02 Gm., or from 1/12 to 1/3 grain, may be given every half hour or hour until from 0.1 to 0.2 Gm., or from 1-1/2 to 3 grains have been given. In the treatment of syphilis 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grain in oily suspension is injected about once a week.
_Lotio Nigra (Lot. Nigr.), Black Lotion, N.F._ (Black Wash, Aqua Phagedaenica Nigra).--A suspension of mercurous oxide, Hg{2}O, produced by the action of lime water on mild mercurous chloride.
USES: Mercurial antiseptic.
_Pulvis Hydrargyri Chloridi Mitis et Jalapae (Pulv. Hydrarg. Chlor. Mit. et Jalap.), Powder of Mild Mercurous Chloride and Jalap, N.F._ (Calomel and Jalap).--Mild mercurous chloride (34%) and jalap (66%).
USES: Drastic purgative.
DOSAGE: 0.65 Gm. or 10 grains (N.F.)
=*Hydrargyri Iodidum Flavum (Hydrarg. Iod. Flav.), Yellow Mercurous Iodide, U.S.P.= (Mercurous Iodide, Protoiodide of Mercury, Yellow Iodide of Mercury).--HgI.
Bright yellow, odorless, tasteless powder. Almost insoluble in water and wholly insoluble in alcohol or ether. Decomposed by oxidizing agents, alkalies and the haloid salts of the alkali metals (chlorides, bromides or iodides).
## ACTION AND USES: Used principally as an antisyphilitic;
generally given in the form of pills. Like all ingestion methods of treating syphilis, much less reliable than the intramuscular administration of mercurials and is falling into disuse on account of relative inefficiency. Has proved of value in lichen ruber planus.
DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.)
=*Hydrargyri Iodidum Rubrum (Hydrarg. Iod. Rub.), Red Mercuric Iodide, U.S.P.= (Biniodide of Mercury, Mercuric Iodide, Red Iodide of Mercury).--HgI{2}.
Scarlet-red, odorless, nearly tasteless powder. Nearly insoluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:115); soluble in solutions of soluble iodides, sodium thiosulphate and hot solutions of alkali chlorides.
## ACTION AND USES: Mercuric Iodide, dissolved with
potassium or sodium iodide, is used as an antiseptic, germicide and antisyphilitic. It is practically as effective as mercuric chloride and less irritant or corrosive.
DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain (U.S.P.).
_Liquor Hydrargyri et Potassii Iodidi (Liq. Hydrarg. et Pot. Iod.), Solution of Mercury and Potassium Iodide, N.F._ (Solution of Potassium Iodohydrargyrate, Channing's Solution).--Red mercuric iodide (1%), potassium iodide (0.8%), and water.
DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (N.F.)
=Hydrargyri Nitras, Mercuric Nitrate.=--Hg(NO{3}){2}.
_Liquor Hydrargyri Nitratis (Liq. Hydrarg. Nit.), Solution of Mercuric Nitrate, N.F._--Hg(NO{3}){2} (60%).
USES: Caustic.
_Unguentum Hydrargyri Nitratis (Ung. Hydrarg. Nit.), Ointment of Mercuric Nitrate, U.S.P._ (Citrine Ointment).--Mercuric nitrate (equivalent to mercury 7%) in lard.
=*Hydrargyri Oxidum Flavum (Hydrarg. Oxid. Flav.), Yellow Mercuric Oxide, U.S.P.=--HgO.
Light orange-yellow, heavy, odorless powder, with a somewhat metallic taste. Almost insoluble in water, insoluble in alcohol, readily dissolved by dilute hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
## ACTION AND USES: The ointment is used, especially on
the eye, as an antiseptic and stimulant; also to some extent in impetiginous affections.
DOSAGE: For the eye, 2 per cent.; for the skin, from 5 to 10 per cent.
_Lotio Flava (Lot. Flav.), Yellow Lotion, N.F._ (Yellow Wash, Aqua Phagedaenica Flava).--A suspension of mercuric oxide produced by the
## action of lime water on mercuric chloride.
USES: Mercurial antiseptic.
_*Unguentum Hydrargyri Oxidi Flavi (Ung. Hydrarg. Oxid. Flav.), Ointment of Yellow Mercuric Oxide, U.S.P._--Yellow mercuric oxide (10%) in water, hydrous wool fat and petrolatum.
=Hydrargyri Oxidum Rubrum (Hydrarg. Oxid. Rub.), Red Mercuric Oxide, U.S.P.= (Red Precipitate).--HgO.
Heavy, orange-red scales or powder, odorless and with a somewhat metallic taste. Almost insoluble in water; insoluble in alcohol, readily dissolved by nitric acid.
## ACTION AND USES: Occasionally used externally in the
form of an ointment and as a parasiticide. Without advantage over yellow oxide.
_Unguentum Hydrargyri Oxidi Rubri (Ung. Hydrarg. Oxid. Rub.), Ointment of Red Mercuric Oxide, N.F._--Red mercuric oxide (10%) in water, hydrous wool fat and petrolatum.
=*Hydrargyri Salicylas (Hydrarg. Salicyl.), Mercuric Salicylate, U.S.P.= (Mercuric Subsalicylate).--Contains Hg (about 57%).
White or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Nearly insoluble in water or alcohol. Dissolved by solutions of the fixed alkalies or their carbonates.
## ACTION AND USES: Used as antisyphilitic especially by
intramuscular injection of oily suspensions; also as local antiseptic.
DOSAGE: 0.004 Gm. or 1/15 grain (U.S.P.). By intramuscular injection, 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims of a 10 per cent. suspension in liquid petrolatum once in four days
=*Hydrargyrum (Hydrarg.), Mercury, U.S.P.= (Quicksilver).--Hg.
Shining, silver-white, odorless, tasteless metal, liquid at ordinary temperatures. Insoluble in the ordinary solvents.
## ACTION AND USES: Its preparations are used to secure
the systemic effects of mercury and locally against parasites.
_*Hydrargyrum cum Creta (Hydrarg. cum Cret.), Mercury with Chalk, U.S.P._ (Gray Powder).--Mercury (38%), with prepared chalk (57%), honey and water.
Light gray, odorless, rather damp powder, with a slightly sweet taste.
## ACTION AND USES: A mild cathartic acting like calomel.
Also used in the treatment of infantile and hereditary syphilis and of syphilis in aged patients.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), as powder.
_*Massa Hydrargyri (Mass. Hydrarg.), Mass of Mercury, U.S.P._ (Blue Mass, Blue Pill).--Hg (about 33%) in pill mass.
USES: Mainly as cathartic.
DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
_Oleatum Hydrargyri (Oleat. Hydrarg.), Oleate of Mercury, U.S.P._--A mixture of mercury oleate and oleic acid equivalent to 25 per cent. of HgO.
USES: Alterative, antisyphilitic; rarely used.
_Petroxolinum Hydrargyri (Petrox. Hydrarg.), Mercury Petroxolin, N.F._ (Mercury Petrox).--Mercury (30%) in hydrous wool fat, oleic acid and solid petroxolin.
_*Unguentum Hydrargyri (Ung. Hydrarg.), Mercurial Ointment, U.S.P._--Metallic mercury (about 50%) and oleate of mercury (2%) with prepared suet and benzoinated lard.
USES: Especially to secure the systemic effects of mercury by inunction.
_*Unguentum Hydrargyri Dilutum (Ung. Hydrarg. Dil.), Diluted Mercurial Ointment, U.S.P._ (Blue Ointment, Hydrargyri Unguentum P.I.).--Mercurial ointment (60%) equivalent to about 30 per cent. of metallic mercury, with petrolatum.
USES: Especially in pediculosis.
=*Hydrargyrum Ammoniatum (Hydrarg. Ammon.), Ammoniated Mercury, U.S.P.= (White Precipitate).--Mercurammonium chloride, HgNH{2}Cl, corresponding to about 79 per cent. of Hg.
White, odorless lumps or powder, with an earthy, afterward styptic and metallic taste. Insoluble in water or alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: The ointment is extensively used as
a cutaneous antiseptic especially for impetigo contagiosa and other pustular dermatoses and ringworm of the scalp. Also used for removing scales of psoriasis. It may cause salivation.
DOSAGE: From 2 to 10 per cent. ointment.
_*Unguentum Hydrargyri Ammoniati (Ung. Hydrarg. Ammon.), Ointment of Ammoniated Mercury, U.S.P._ (White Precipitate Ointment).--Ammoniated mercury (10%) in white petrolatum and hydrous wool fat.
=Hydrastina (Hydrastina), Hydrastine, U.S.P.=--An alkaloid obtained from hydrastis or prepared synthetically.
White crystals or powder. Almost insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol (1:170).
## ACTION AND USES: Used in the treatment of urethral
and vesical catarrh and as a systemic hemostatic, especially in excessive menstruation. Its efficiency and the mechanism of its action are doubtful.
DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.).
=Hydrastinae Hydrochloridum (Hydrastin. Hydrochl.), Hydrastine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Hydrastine Chloride).
White, odorless, bitter powder. Very soluble in water and in alcohol.
## ACTION AND USES: Those of hydrastine.
DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.).
_Liquor Hydrastinae Compositus (Liq. Hydrastin. Co.), Compound Solution of Hydrastine, N.F._ (Colorless Hydrastine Solution).--Hydrastine hydrochloride (0.3%), aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride (each 0.3%), potassium chloride (0.1%) in glycerin and water.
USES: Complex and irrational astringent.
DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
=Hydrastininae Hydrochloridum (Hydrastinin. Hydrochl.), Hydrastinine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Hydrastinine Chloride).--The hydrochloride of hydrastinine, an alkaloid obtained synthetically from hydrastine.