Part 12

50-3: =cuatro reales de vellón=: four _reales_ make a _peseta_, approximately of the same value as the _papetto_ (Italian), a papal coin worth a little more than a _lira_ or approximately twenty cents of our coin.

50-4: =puerta del Popolo=: (Italian: _Porta del Popolo_) one of the gates of Rome.

50-5: =voy allá= (or _allá voy_): _I am coming to that_.

51-1: =Ello fué=: cf. note _ello es_, p. 6, 1.

51-2: =a Cataluña=: cf. note _el Principado_, p. 16, 9, and note _a España_, p. 35, 11.

51-3: =se me ha olvidado=: _I have forgotten_.

51-4: =Bailén=: a city of southern Spain (Andalusia), the scene of a signal victory of the Spanish over the French, who capitulated to the number of 20,000 (1808). =Zaragoza=, a city in northeastern Spain (Aragon), the scene of two sieges (1808-1809), the Spanish holding out with desperate heroism against the French invaders, and only surrendering after 50,000 of themselves had perished.

51-5: =paladín=: this term was applied to the knights of Charlemagne, and by extension, to any knight errant, or chivalrous and warlike hero.

51-6: =cruzado=: _crusader_ (from _cruz_, cross, which was worn as a badge).

51-7: =Fernando VII=: cf. note _Fernando_, p. 34, 5. Ferdinand welcomed the intervention of the French in Spain to support him in his absolutism against the advanced party, which clamored for constitutional liberties. The French expedition (1823) was completely successful, the resistance being so slight that the French describe the invasion as a _promenade militaire_.

51-8:= en contra nuestra=: _in opposition to us_.

52-1: =seguían con sus gorros encasquetados=: _kept on their caps_ (lit. _continued with_, etc.).

52-2: =como quien hace=: _like (one) who makes_.

52-3: =pulcra y pobremente=: _neatly though poorly_. When two or more adverbs ending in _mente_ are joined by a conjunction, the first one loses this termination.

52-4: =calle de Amargura=: the _Via Dolorosa_, or road passed over by Jesus bearing the cross to the place of crucifixion.

53-1: =Santo Padre=: _holy Father_, i.e. _the Pope_, while _Padre Santo_ is one of the Fathers of the church, as Saint Augustine, etc.,--a distinction not always observed,--cf. line 22.

53-2: =Lo de menos=: _a far less important matter_.

53-3: =Vive le Pape=: (French) _long live the Pope_.

54-1: =la orden=: cf. note _orden_, p. 39, 1.

54-2: =Chateaubriand= (1768-1848): a great French writer. He chose to be a kind of official paladin of Catholicism.

54-3: =del hacha=: cf. note _al ave_, p. 25, 3.

55-1: =echar por tierra=: _throw to the ground_.

55-2: =Don Quijote, Sancho Panza=: the would-be knight errant and his squire, the chief figures of Cervantes' immortal story of Don Quixote, published in 1605. The passage is from part II, cap. XLII, _sub fine_.

55-3: =Guerra de la Independencia=: (1808-1814): the war waged against Napoleon, who invaded Spain in 1808.

55-4: =ha de transigir=: _must compromise_. Cf. note _había de conocer_, p. 3, 4.

55-5: =según que=: nearly always _según_ is followed by the verb without the intervening _que_.

55-6: =muy de cerca=: _very intimately_.

56-1: =abuelo=: cf. note _papá abuelo_, p. 15, 5.

56-2: =Linares=: mining town near _Almería_.

56-3: =Gádor=: mining town near _Almería_.

56-4: =Usted irá=: _and you are going_--

56-5: =Almería=: cf. note p. 45, 6.

56-6: =a la galera=: _beyond the wagon_.

56-7: =quitarse el sombrero=: cf. note _se la_, p. 4, 6.

56-8: =¿Por qué he de negarlo?=: _why should I deny it_? Cf. note _había de conocer_, p. 3, 4.

56-9: =andar largo=: _to go far_.

56-10: =eche V. por esa vereda=: _strike into that path_.

57-1: =A ver=: cf. note _a ver_, p. 44, 6.

57-2: =por más señas=: _what is more_ (a formula used in citing an additional circumstance, detail, or argument).

57-3: =Siéntese V.=: observe that this form may come from _sentar_ as well as from _sentir_.

57-4: =cigarro de papel=: _cigarette_.

57-5: =Vaya=: cf. note _¡calla!_ p. 31, 5.

57-6: =Delgadillo=: _pretty thin_.

58-1: =echó unas yescas=: _struck a light_ (_yesca_, tinder).

58-2: =Flojillo es=: _it_ (the cigar) _is pretty thin_.

58-3: =Gérgal=: town of southern Spain, near _Almería_.

58-4: =un polaco=: many Poles served under Napoleon. It was expected that he would restore Poland to a place among the nations. It had been

## partitioned between Russia, Austria, and Germany in the latter part of

the eighteenth century.

58-5: =año 23=: cf. p. 51 and note on _Fernando VII_, p. 51, 7.

58-6: =Estará apuntado=: cf. note _no habría andado_, p. 8, 6.

58-7: =rezan=: (lit. _pray_)_ tell, recount_ (colloquialism).

58-8: =se lo cree a puño cerrado=: cf. notes _lo que me digo_, p. 7, 5, and _creáis_, etc., p. 43, 1.

58-9: =tres duros y medio=: a humorous expression, _duro_ (dollar) equal to 20 _reales_, being used for _score_.

58-10: =mes de San Juan=: i.e. June.

58-11: =el polaco aquel=: (colloquial) _that Pole_.

58-12: =bribonazo=: _great rogue_. The ending _azo_ is often merely augmentative. Cf. also note _pistoletazo_, p. 18, 3.

58-13: =otro=: Napoleon III, emperor of France (1852-1870).

58-14: =mamelucos de Oriente=: The Mamelukes were a body of militia, operating in Egypt, under Turkish command. The curate apparently regards the Turks as a necessary barrier for preventing the Russians from overflowing Occidental Europe. Some commentators have succeeded in finding this calamity foretold in the Book of Revelation.

58-15: =Gádor=: cf. note _Gádor_, p. 56, 3.

58-16: =rusos y moscovitas=: These words are synonymous.

58-17: =Constitución=: most of the political activity of Spain, during the nineteenth century, was expended on the creation and maintenance of a constitution, in spite of domestic opposition, and even of foreign intervention. Cf. note _Fernando VII_, p. 51, 7.

58-18: =Fiñana=: a town near _Almería_. Cf. note p. 45, 6.

58-19: =según supe=: cf. note _según que_, p. 55, 5; cf. also note _supe_, p. 63, 2.

58-20: =llevará=: _must have passed_ (i.e. in Paradise). Cf. note _llevarían_, p. 6, 2, and note _no habría andado_, p. 8, 6.

59-1: =Alcazaba=: the _cerro de Alcazaba_, a peak of the Sierra Nevada range, about halfway between the cities of _Granada_ (note 1, 2) and _Almería_.

59-2: =candil=: an iron _kitchen lamp_ attachable to the wall.

59-3: =llevaba=: cf. note _llevarían_, p. 6, 2.

59-4: =a la media hora=: _after half an hour_.

59-5: =se me ha olvidado=: cf. note, p. 51, 3.

59-6: =en cuanto a=: _as regards_.

59-7: =cómo miraría=: _how he must have viewed_.

59-8: =didon=: a term used as an insulting equivalent for _Frenchman_, derived from _dis done_ (say!) so frequent in colloquial French.

59-9: =gabacho=: used as a synonym of the preceding. Properly, it is applied to natives of the Pyrenean frontier towns, whose dialect is full of French elements--hence the extension of the term.

60-1: =tengo de costumbre=: _I am accustomed_.

60-2: =picar un cigarro=: _crumble the tobacco for making a cigarette_.

60-3: =caídos=: _sunken_; hecho: _transformed into_.

60-4: =calle de la Amargura=: cf. note, p. 52, 4.

60-5: =Mí querer morir=: The speech of the Pole is ungrammatical, and his verbs are all in the infinitive.

60-6: =franchute=: a contemptuous term, synonymous with Frenchman.

60-7: =cayó redondo=: cf. note, p. 9, 3.

60-8: =¡Suba V. ese mulo!=: _fetch up that mule_.

61-1: =¿Dónde va V.?=: Properly _dónde_ is used after verbs of rest, and _adónde_ after verbs of motion.

61-2: =judío=: cf. note _Por judío_, p. 33, 11.

61-3: =Otro=: cf. note _a otro_, p. 10, 1.

61-4: =el que más=: (sc. _ama_).

61-5: =cuidado con lo que me dices=: _be careful what you say to me_.

61-6: =rompo la crisma=: cf. note _me matan_, p. 3, 1. =crisma=: (lit. _chrism_, holy oil used in the sacrament of baptism) _head_.

61-7: =a la muerte=: _muerte_, being personified, takes the preposition _a_. Cf. lines 26 and 28 above.

62-1: =si reflexionarais en que=: _if you think of (the fact) that_. Verbs of _thinking_ are followed by the preposition _en_.

62-2: =será un quinto=: _is probably a conscript_. Cf. note _no habría andado_, p. 8, 6.

62-3: =¡que diablo!=: _why, surely_! The expression has the value of a mere interjection.

62-4: =Batíos=: cf. note _llevaos_, p. 30, 5.

62-5: =que sea=: cf. note _¡Que muera!_ p. 3, 6.

62-6: =no seáis=: cf. note _no seas_, p. 6, 7.

62-7: =¡Basta de letanías!=: _enough of talk, or moralizing_! (lit. _litanies_).

62-8: =¿qué hacemos?=: cf. note _me matan_, p. 3, 1.

63-1: =estaba malo=: _I was sick_. Note the different value of _ser malo_, to be bad, wicked.

63-2: =supe=: _I learned_ (a frequent value of the preterite of _saber_).

64-1: =fué a parar nada menos que a Suecia=: _drifted into no less remote a place than Sweden_.

64-2: =Marqués de la Romana=: a Spanish patriot and general, whom Napoleon sent with 15,000 Spaniards to Denmark. When Spain clashed with Napoleon (1808) he reëmbarked most of his troops and returned to fight against him.

64-3: =tomé de ordenanza a Risas=: _I took Risas along as my orderly_.

64-4: =miedo cerval=: _mortal fear (cerval_, adj. from _ciervo_, deer, stag).

64-5: =Polonia=: Poland.

64-6: =tal=: is occasionally used for _tal cosa_, i.e. as a sort of neuter. Cf. note _ni es tal tierra_, p. 68, 1.

64-7: =espirituosas=: cf. note _estupefacto_, p. 9, 1.

64-8: =ora... ora=: _either... or_.

64-9: =guerra de España=: cf. note _Guerra de la Independencia_, p. 55, 3.

64-10: =Varsovia=: _Warsaw_, the largest city and former capital of Poland.

64-11: =sin perjuicio de que... saliese=: _without preventing his setting out_.

64-12: =a las pocas horas de haber echado a andar=: _a few hours after starting_. Cf. note _a la media hora_, p. 59, 4. _Echar a_, followed by an infinitive, means to begin, to set about. Hence _echar a andar_, to begin to march or go, etc.

64-13: =de lo más singular=: an idiomatic substitution of the singular for the plural.

65-1: =aquí=: after _de aquí (hence)_ supply some verb like _resultó_.

65-2: =el que... ella se brindara=: _que ella se brindara_ is treated as a substantive clause, which _el_ precedes as it would a mere noun.

65-3: =por creer=: _because he believed_.

65-4: =la tal efigie=: (familiar style) _this (same) portrait_.

65-5: =debió de probar=: _must have proved_. Cf. Idiomatic Commentary, 59.

66-1: =Es cuanto sé=: cf. note _que cuanto veíamos_, p. 48, 1.

66-2: =Vive Dios que=: as God lives. Cf. note _como que no_, p. 14, 1.

67-1: =El Libro Talonario=: a book of checks, receipts, etc., in which duplicate stubs remain as records of transactions.

67-2: =bahía de Cádiz=: Cádiz, the ancient _Gades_, reputed 300 years older than Rome itself, a large seaport of southwestern Spain, on the Atlantic, a little northwest of Gibraltar. It is situated on a narrow promontory forming the outer wall of the bay (_bahía_) of Cádiz.

67-3: =con ser la menor=: _in spite of being the smallest_.

67-4: =a título de Duque de Arcos=: _in his right as Duke of Arcos_.

67-5: =el tío Buscabeatas=: _tío_ is familiarly used as a generic term applied to old men. Cf. note on _papá abuelo_, p. 15, 5.

67-6: =Huelva=: a seaport a little northwest of _Cádiz_.

67-7: =Sevilla=: the most brilliant and characteristic city of southern Spain, situated in _Andalucía_, toward the mouth of the _Guadalquivir_.

67-8: =por lo que=: _(for which) wherefore_. For relative use of _lo que_ cf. note _por el que_, p. 49, 1.

67-9: =Andalucía la Baja=: _lower Andalusia_, the southwest portion bordering on the Atlantic.

67-10: =roteños=: _natives of Rota_.

67-11: =calabaceros... tomateros=: _retailers of pumpkins and tomatoes_.

68-1: =ni es tal tierra=: _nor is this (soil) really soil_. For _tal_ neuter cf. note _tal_, p. 64, 6.

68-2: =ni Cristo que lo fundó=: render freely _far from it_.

68-3: =Vesubio=: Mt. Vesuvius.

68-4: =ni=: _not even_.

68-5: =ora... ora=: _now... now_. Cf. p. 64, line 16, and note 8, for a variant usage.

68-6: =humus=: (Latin) _soil_.

68-7: =del vuelo de un plato chico=: _of the size of a small plate_.

68-8: =a tal mata=: _to this or that plant_.

69-1: =se dan=: _they strike_.

69-2: =la barba=: _their chins_. For the article cf. note _se la_, p. 4, 6.

69-3: =y era que=: _and (the fact) was that_.

69-4: =llevaba=: cf. note _llevarían_, p. 6, 2.

69-5: =tamañas como=: _as big as_. The usual _tan_ of comparisons of equality is implicit in the first syllable of _tamaños_ (from the Latin _tam magnas_).

69-6: =pasábase=: cf. note _lo que me digo_, p. 7. 5.

70-1: =se las coma=: cf. note _lo que me digo_, p. 7. 5.

70-2: =¡Lástima=: _it's a pity_!

70-3: =¿Qué he de hacer?=: _what am I to do_? Cf. note _no había de conocer_, p. 3, 4.

70-4: =salir de ellas=: _sell them_.

70-5: =cuánto sería=: _how great must have been_. Cf. note _no habría andado_, p. 8, 6. Cf. also line 25 below.

70-6: =Para ahorrarme de razones=: _to save words_, i.e. _to be brief_.

70-7: =Kemble=: (John Philip) a great English tragedian (1757-1823).

70-8: =¡si te encuentro!:= _vide_ Merchant of Venice, Act I, sc. 3, line 47 (Globe edition).

70-9: =por otra parte:= (_on the other hand_) _moreover_.

70-10: =debió de robármelas=: cf. note _debió de probar_, p. 65, 5.

70-11: =barco de la carga:= _freight boat._

70-12: =barco de la hora:= (lit. _hour boat) passenger boat_.

70-13: =fe de livores:= (legal phrase) _declaration of injuries suffered_.

70-14 =hacerse a la vela:= _to set sail_.

71-1: =ciudad de Hércules=: Hercules is claimed as the founder of _Cádiz_. Cf. note _bahía de Cádiz_, p. 67, 2.

71-2: =¡que no!=: cf. note _¿Cómo que no?_ p. 14, 1.

71-3: =¡Tío ladrón!:= _you old thief!_ Cf. note _el tío Buscabeatas_, p. 67, 5.

71-4: =educación=: often loosely used for _cortesía_, its supposed fruit.

71-5: =so indecentes:= _so_, expletive, is often coupled with certain depreciative epithets like _indecente_, etc.

71-6: =faltarse:= _fail to respect_, i.e. _insult each other_.

71-7: =puñetazo=: cf. note _pistoletazo_, p. 18, 3.

71-8: =o sea=: cf. note _o sean_, p. 39, 4.

72-1: =Resignó... en:= _resigned to_.

72-2: =A quién=: cf. note _compraros_, p. 29, 2.

72-3: =Al tío Fulano:= _from old So-and-so_. _Fulano_ is used as substitute for a real name when the latter is forgotten or avoided.

72-4: =vecino=: cf. note _vecinos_, p. 37, 2.

72-5: =abonado:= _fit, adapted, disposed_ (often in a bad sense).

72-6: =rebolonda:= _thick-set, stout_.

72-7: =cachigordeta:= _small and fat_.

72-8: =barrigona:= _big-bellied_.

72-9: =coloradilla:= _ruddy_.

73-1: =subió de punto:= _increased_.

73-2: =recién llegado:= _recién_ is used instead of _recientemente_ before a past participle.

73-3: =se lo:= cf. note _se la_, p. 4, 6.

73-4: =materialmente:= _by bodily force_.

73-5: =el mismo Regidor=: usually _mismo_ intervening between article and noun means _same_. Occasionally it corresponds to the emphatic pronoun _himself_, etc.

73-6: =ha de ver:= _must look to it, must beware_.

73-7: =Egido=: apparently the name of his garden.

73-8: =tirando de él:= _pulling at it_ (so as to empty it).

73-9: =libraco:= (big, ugly) _book_. The suffix _aco_ is depreciative.

73-10: =tocón o pezuelo=: _a stub_. Cf. note _libro talonario_, p. 67, 1.

73-11: =tal o cual=: _such and such_.

74-1: =o sea=: cf. note _ó sean_, p. 39, 4.

74-2: =en tanto que=: _while_. Cf. note _mientras tanto que_, p. 82, 9.

74-3: =espectadores=: cf. note _estupefacto_, p. 9, 1.

74-4: =el mismo Concejal=: cf. note _el mismo Regidor_, p. 73, 5.

74-5: =llevárselo=: cf. note _lo que me digo_, p. 7, 5.

75-1: =fuese diciendo=: observe that the preterit (and its derived tenses) of _ser_ and _ir_ are identical.

75-2: =He debido traerme=: _I should have brought back_.

75-3: =comérmela=: _me_, ethical dative (like _traerme_).

76-1: =Alpujarra=: coast mountains of southern Spain near _Almería_, a ramification of the _Sierra Nevadas_. They formed the last refuge of the Moors.

76-2: =hacia Levante=: _toward the east_.

76-3: =ni nadie=: _nor anybody else_. Cf. note _conoce nadie_, p. 2, 5.

76-4: =ponga en cuarentena=: _put into quarantine_, i.e. _regard with suspicion._

76-5: =Aben-Humeya=: (the prefixes _ben_ and _aben_ in Moorish names mean _son, the son_). Lived 1520-1568. He was the king of the Moors of _la Alpujarra_, and was condemned to death by Philip II.

76-6: =(a)=: _alias_.

77-1: =el tal Juan=: _this same John_. Cf. note _la tal effigie_, p. 65, 4.

77-2: =no entendía de letra=: _was illiterate_.

77-3: =a censo enfitéutico=: _on a long-time_ (or perpetual) _lease_.

77-4: =caudal de Propios=: _public property_ (belonging to the town).

77-5: =castillejo=: the ending _ejo_ is usually depreciative as well as diminutive.

77-6: =por lo que=: cf. note _por el que_, p. 49, 1.

77-7: =a sus solas=: _all alone_. For a similar idiomatic plural, cf. _de veras_, and (on p. 4, line 31) _con todas las veras_.

77-8: =que daba asco=: (_such_ or _so) that it inspired disgust. Que_ is often elliptical.

78-1: =vas a echar un siglo=: _it will take you forever_.

78-2: =componértelas=: _to take the proper measures; to go about a thing; to manage_.

78-3: =divertido=: cf. note _olvidado_, p. 31, 1.

78-4: =todo lo que es deshacer=: _destruction in any form_.

78-5: =hay que deshacer=: cf. note _lo que hay que hacer_, p. 12, 4.

78-6: =francmasón=: in Catholic countries the freemason is regarded as the embodiment of radical and subversive ideas. The church ofticially disapproves of freemasonry.

78-7: =que tengo=: _que_, for. _Que_ is often used elliptically for _pues que_, etc.

78-8: =cañuto=: _tube_. Apparently soldiers carried their discharge in a metallic tube to protect it from exposure.

78-9: =ni tan siquiera=: _not even_. Cf. note _tan sólo_, p. 13, 2.

79-1: =también me estorba a mí lo negro=: _I also am embarrassed by_ whatever is set down in black (and white), i.e. _print_ or writing.

79-2: =licencia absoluta=: the _testimonial_ given to a soldier on completing his military service.

79-3: =Mahoma=: _Mohammed_.

79-4: =de medio a medio=: _completely_.

79-5: =entraban en quintas=: _practiced conscription_ (the drafting of men by lot for military service).

79-6: =en torno suyo=: _round about himself_.

79-7: =Granada=: cf. note _Granada_, p. 1, 2.

79-8: =en cuanto Dios eche sus luces=: _as soon as God lights his lamp_ (the sun).

79-9: =puerto=: _mountain pass_.

80-1: =Ugijar=: a small half-Moorish town on the southern base of the Alpujarras.

80-2: =compadre=: the _compadrazgo_ (gossipry) is the relation which exists between the father of a child and its godfather, who call each other _compadre_ (gossip). It is often used also as a mere friendly epithet: My friend!

80-3: =entiende de todo=: _understands all things_.

80-4: =todo será apretar un poco a la caballería=: _it will be a question only of urging along the mount_ (a mule, of course) _a little_.

80-5: =cuidado=: _take care_.

80-6: =Valencia=: a large seaport of eastern Spain. Its richly colored paving tiles are its most famous specialty.

80-7: =de más de vara en cuadro=: _more than a yard square_.

80-8: =so pena=: in this and a few other expressions the antiquated preposition _so_ (= _bajo_, under) still survives.

80-9: =hay que excavar=: cf. note _lo que hay que hacer_, p. 12, 4.

80-10: =dice hubo trampa=: _says (that) there was some trickery_. The conjunction _que_ is occasionally omitted after _decir_.

80-11: =tengo entendido=: cf. note _llevo echados_, p. 34, 1.

81-1: =A saber=: _it remains to be learned_.

81-2: =Por de pronto=: _meanwhile; provisionally; for the present_, i.e. _as things now stand_.

81-3: =cuando se pronunció Riego=: this patriotic officer, by his pronunciamento (1820), boldly set the example of revolt against the perfidious conduct of Fernando VII (see notes pp. 34, 5, and 51, 7), who violated the constitution adopted in 1812. After the French intervention the king had Riego executed.

81-4: =habría que mandar=: cf. note _lo que hay que hacer_, p. 12, 4.

81-5: =Guadix=: city of southern Spain (between _Granada_ and _Almería_) the birthplace of Alarcón.

81-6: =puede que=: (i.e. _se puede que) it is possible_.

81-7: =No serían=: cf. note _no habría andado_, p. 8, 6.

81-8: =doctor en ambos Derechos=: Latin: _doctor in utroque (jure) doctor in civil and canonical law_.

81-9: =oído que hubo=: cf. note _echado que hubo_, p. 1, 3.

81-10: =debió de ser=: cf. note _debió de probar_, p. 65, 5.

81-11: =babuchero=: _closet_? The _babucha_ is a Moorish slipper.

82-1: =viernes=: Friday is the Mohammedan Sabbath.

82-2: =Comisaría de los Santos Lugares=: _commission_ (for the maintenance, etc.)_of holy places_.

82-3: =onzas de oro=: the gold _onza_ is worth about sixteen dollars.

82-4: =en letra=: (sc. _de cambio) in (the form of) a draft_.

82-5: =lo del tesoro=: the matter of the treasure.

82-6: =a fe que=: cf. note _a fe que_, p. 12, 6.

82-7: =de a cuatro=: this use of _de a_ occurs in expressing the price or value per piece of merchandise, coins, etc.

82-8: =guardárselas=: _to put them away_. For _se (+ el bolsillo_) see note _se la_, p. 4, 6.

82-9: =mientras tanto que=: _while. Tiempo_, or rather, the notion of time, may be understood after _tanto_, which is in reality a neuter. Cf. _en tanto que_, p. 74, line 11, and _en esto_.

82-10: =Tudela y González=: in his or her full family name, the Spaniard joins the mother's family name to the father's with an (omissible) _y_.

82-11: =Maestro de capilla=: _chapel-master_ (the musical director in a church).

82-12: =Ceuta=: a city in Africa opposite Gibraltar. It is still a Spanish possession.

82-13: =sobrino político=: _nephew-in-law_. The various relatives-in-law may all be indicated by analogous expressions, though specific names also exist in most cases.

83-1: =en carta certificada=: _in a registered letter_.

83-2: =como no sea=: _unless it be, except_.

83-3: =Que estés mejor=: cf. _que_... _muera_, p. 3, 6.

83-4: =dolor de estómago=: (usually: stomach-ache) _stomachic disorder_.

83-5: =Escrita la carta=: in the absolute construction, the favorite position for the participle is at the beginning of the phrase.

83-6: =Encarnación=: many Spanish proper names are derived from the mysteries of religion, as _Dolores (Maria de los Dolores)_, etc.

83-7: =meses mayores=: the months just before harvest.

83-8: =la de todos los días=: _your usual daily performance_, i.e. chocolate that is not good.

83-9: =Tarifa=: the most southern and the most Moorish city of Spain.

84-1: =Peñón=: (sc. _de Gibraltar) the Rock of Gibraltar. Peñón_ is an augmentative of _peña_.

84-2: =Anghera, Benzú, Atlas=: mountains of Africa, opposite Spain.

84-4: =¡Y vaya si es gorda!=: _and I tell you it's a long_ (lit. fat) _one!_ For _vaya_ cf. note _vamos_, p. 5, 11. For _si_ cf. note _si son de alegría_, p. 4, 2.

84-5: =¡Hombre!=: used here as a mere emotional interjection. Cf. note _hombre_, etc. p. 44, 2.

84-6: =cata aquí=: (equivalent to _he aquí_) behold, here is, this is_, etc.

84-7: =abencerraje=: properly: a member of the princely Moorish family of the _Abencerrajes_. (Cf. note _Aben-Humeya_, p. 76, 5.) Translate: _old heathen_.

84-8: =dicho esto=: cf. note _escrita la carta_, p. 83, 5.

84-9: =por sí propio=: _of its own accord_.

84-10: =gaditana=: _of Cádiz_ (Latin _Gades_). Cf. note _bahía de Cádiz_, p. 67, 2.

84-11: =por más señas=: cf. same note, p. 57, 2.

84-12: =papelote=: _huge document_.

84-13: =En tanto que=: cf. note _mientras tanto que_, p. 82, 9.

85-1: =guardándose=, etc.: cf. note _guardárselas_, p. 82, 8.

85-2: =no se te olvide=: cf. note _se me ha olvidado_, p. 51, 3.

85-3: =¡Que si tenemos hijos!=: this may be rendered as an indirect question dependent on the verb _pregunta_ (he asks) understood. In such cases the redundant _que_ is generally used after the interrogative verb. Cf. note _dices que cuándo_, p. 5, 2.

85-4: =zambombo, tonel, desagradecido=: _lout, wine-cask, ingrate_.

85-5: =Virgen de las Angustias=: cf. the Latin: _Mater Dolorosa_.

85-6: =tirando un pellizco=: _suddenly pinching_.

86-1: =plaza fuerte=: _stronghold_. Ceuta is garrisoned by Spanish troops.

86-2: =chilava=: a garment with a hood.

86-3: =jaique=: Arab cape with a hood.

86-4: =Querer=: _do you wish_? (The Moor's speech is ungrammatical.)

86-5: =poniéndose en cruz=: _crossing his arms_.

87-1: =sudando a mares=: (sweating seas) _breaking out into a profuse perspiration_.

87-2: =Alah=: (or =Alá=): _Allah_ (Arabic), _God_.